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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Transition écologique – Alimentation“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Transition écologique – Alimentation"
Blanc, Nathalie, Caroline Gallez, Éléonore Genest, Diego Antolinos-Basso, Jean Chiche und Hugo Rochard. „Expérimenter la transition socio-écologique dans les territoires urbains : les trajectoires différenciées de deux communes du Grand Paris“. Revue d’Économie Régionale & Urbaine Avril, Nr. 2 (29.05.2024): 279–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reru.242.0279.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDepresle, Bruno. „Les fondements et les conditions de la mise en œuvre du zéro artificialisation nette“. Administration N° 280, Nr. 4 (18.01.2024): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/admi.280.0068.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Transition écologique – Alimentation"
Lulovicova, Andrea. „Évaluation environnementale des systèmes alimentaires territoriaux : Apports de l'analyse du cycle de vie territoriale à la construction et à l'évaluation des processus de reterritorialisation durables des systèmes agroalimentaires en France“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ2002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe current climatic and environmental upheavals deeply impact our society and ecosystems. Food production and consumption play an essential role in these disruptions. The globalized food system, characterized by mass production and consumption and a disconnect between producers and consumers, places significant pressure on territories and their resources. To address this, the reterritorialization of food is emerging as a promising solution for a more sustainable food system. France is at the forefront of this initiative, with the recent development of Territorial Food Projects (Projets Alimentaires Territoriaux, PAT) led by local authorities. These projects aim to promote a local and sustainable food economy while supporting short supply chains. However, despite their potential, the environmental impacts of these initiatives remain understudied. Most current studies compare short and long food supply chains, focusing on transportation-related impacts. Consequently, they do not consider the systemic benefits associated with the development of more sustainable practices within local food systems. To respond to this issue, this thesis adapts the Territorial Life Cycle Assessment (TLCA) methodology to assess local food systems from a systemic and environmental perspective. This adapted methodology is applied to two diverse territories in France and their local food systems: the municipality of Mouans-Sartoux and the Finistere department. Both territories are pioneers in implementing food territorial projects (PAT). The environmental assessment of the two local food systems reveals the extent of both direct and indirect impacts, notably related to imported products and agricultural inputs. The results demonstrate that transportation played a minor role in these impacts. Both local systems heavily depend on imports to feed their inhabitants. The short food supply chains, and consequently their impact, remain limited. The assessment of the impact of the Mouans-Sartoux local food policies demonstrates positive effects since their implementation. An estimated reduction in environmental impact equals approximately 20 % of the entire local food system's impact, particularly in terms of climate change and land use. In Finistere, the prospective analysis highlights the potential benefits of local strategies, particularly in connection with the promotion of agroecological practices. In conclusion, this interdisciplinary work confirms the relevance of life cycle assessment methodologies for local planning and assessment. It equally reveals the potential of local food policies to contribute to the ecological transition
Esculier, Fabien. „Le système alimentation/excrétion des territoires urbains : régimes et transitions socio-écologiques“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1028/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNutrition and excretion are fundamental physiological needs for all human beings. Analysis of their materiality, from the cellular scale up to the great planetary-scale biogeochemical cycles, shows that nutrition and excretion form a system. The focus of our study is the sustainability of the nutrition/excretion systems of urban areas, which we have sought to assess by analysing substance flows. The most relevant of these substances seems to be nitrogen, so by assessing urban nitrogen flows we can characterise the different possible socioecological regimes and their sustainability. We identify a wide diversity of nutrition/excretion systems depending on the places and eras considered. We propose to distinguish them in terms of their circularity, in other words by the rate at which nitrogen from excreta returns to agricultural land. Using the Paris urban area as our case study, we show that its nutrition/excretion system became increasingly circular in the 19th century, reaching maximum circularity right at the start of the 20th century, before becoming steadily more linear in the course of the 20th century. In these early years of the 21st century, the nutrition/excretion system of the Paris urban area is essentially linear, and still generates significant pollution at both local and global scales. Its environmental footprint is exacerbated by a diet that is very protein rich, mostly animal in origin, and by the non-consumption of a significant proportion of the food produced. All these factors make it unsustainable. These characteristics are found throughout the Western world and raise questions about the possibility of a socioecological transition to sustainable systems of nutrition and excretion. Since the 1990s, initially in Sweden, followed by Nordic and German-speaking Europe, awareness has been growing of the role of urine. Urine is responsible for three-quarters of urban nitrogenous excretions and is a safe substance: following a period of storage, it can be used as agricultural fertiliser. This new awareness has been followed by extensive experimentation and research on urine source separation. We show that this is currently the only method in the Western world to have accomplished a return to circular systems of nutrition/excretion. Urine source separation can be done in multiple ways, depending on circumstances, and conditions in France are favourable to its development, despite the sociotechnical lock-in to mixed sewage management systems. In a forward-looking scenario, we therefore explore the possibility that the Paris urban area could return to, and within a few decades even surpass, the heights of circularity that it attained during the Belle Époque. In that case, alongside a socioecological transition in the other systems – water, energy, transport – the people of this territory could establish a sustainable regime for their system of nutrition/excretion. This thesis is part of the OCAPI research and action programme (www.leesu.fr/OCAPI)
Borghino, Noélie. „L’expansion de l’agriculture biologique et la réduction de la consommation de produits animaux en Europe sont elles compatibles ? : une analyse globale basée sur le cycle de l’azote, l’usage des terres et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025BORD0054.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFuture climate related risks depend on our ability to curb greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which require a profound food system change. Organic farming and dietary shifts towards more plant-based diets are often seen as promising ways to mitigate GHG emissions. They are both promoted by the European Union (EU), which aims for climate neutrality by 2050. However, the expansion of organic farming is controversial, as it could lead to land-use changes – and associated CO2 emissions – to compensate for lower productivity. Therefore, the EU’s goal of dedicating 25% of its agricultural land to organic farming by 2030 has been criticized, particularly because the globalization of agricultural trade could lead to emissions being shifted to other regions. Furthermore, the interactions between dietary changes and the development of organic farming have not been sufficiently explored. A reduction in livestock, driven by a lower demand for animal products, might relax agricultural land demand for producing feed and compensate for higher land requirements of organic systems. However, the reduced availability of manure could negatively affect nitrogen (N) inputs to organic crops and challenge organic systems productivity. This could undermine the GHG mitigation potential of both strategies, especially in the case of a drastic reduction in animal product consumption, as in vegan diets. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to assess the combined effects of these two levers in Europe on land use and GHG emissions, considering the effects related to the N cycle. We first reviewed studies that explored the effects of organic farming expansion using a modeling approach. We showed that considering N availability feedback on crops yields exacerbates the anticipated drop in agricultural production. Next, we used the GlobAgri model, which computes cropland and permanent grassland requirements at the scale of large global regions in 2050, to simulate the adoption of vegan diets in Europe, with or without maintaining livestock production for export. Our results show that the impacts on croplands N balance depend on the relative adjustment of two compensatory factors: the decrease in manure availability, and the decrease in the land required for producing feed. Finally, we simulated scenarios combining dietary changes and widespread adoption of organic practices by coupling two models: i) GOANIM, which simulates N balances of organic croplands, yields, and animal densities, and ii) an adapted version of GlobAgri. We found that a higher share of organically managed croplands would lead to an increase in European cropland requirements, due to lower crop yields and changes in crop rotations. This increase would allow Europe to maintain its export shares, preventing emissions to increases in the rest of the world. In a scenario without dietary changes, 25% organic croplands would increase the domestic GHG balance by 10%. In scenarios combining more plant-based diets with more disruptive organic practices, emissions from land-use changes would be offset by reduced land requirements and emissions from agriculture, up to 50% organic croplands. Beyond that, the land demand to maintain export shares would be too high. Overall, our work contributes to include complex interactions between crops, livestock, N cycle, global trade, and GHG emissions in large-scale models. It provides suggestions for effectively combining the expansion of organic farming with dietary shifts towards more plant-based diets
Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Transition écologique – Alimentation"
Les forêts françaises face au changement climatique. Académie des sciences, Juni 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62686/6.
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