Dissertationen zum Thema „Transporte da glicose“
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Silva, Olivia Beloto da. „Efeito da glicose sobre recuperação do pHi em células HEK-293“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-01072009-112943/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work we used human embryonic kidney (HEK-293 cells). The pHi recovery rate (dpHi/dt) was evaluated through fluorescence microscopy. The expression of SGLT´s and NHEs was analysed through Western blot and translocation of SGLTs was evaluated through Imunofluorescence. Results: In the control situation, the dpHi/dt was 0,169 ± 0,020 units pH/min (n=6). This parameter was modulated by glucose in a concentration and time dependent manner. Chronic treatment increased the dpHi/dt and this stimulatory effect was inhibited by Phlorizin (SGLTs inhibitor), H-89 (PKA inhibitor) and BAPTA (intracellular Ca2+ cheleator - Ca2+i). The chronic treatment induced internalization of SGLT1, increased the expression of SGLT2 and kept it in the cytosol. Conclusions: In chronic treatment, the internalization of SGLT1 involves a PKA-dependent and Ca2+i- independent mechanism. The maintenance of SGLT2 in the cytosol depends on PKA and Ca2+i. Thus, the cellular distribution of SGLT2 is associated with NHEs activity.
Araujo, Daniel Blanc. „O transporte de ânions em células INS-1E não compõe parte do mecanismo da via de amplificação da secreção de insulina estimulada pela glicose“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-09112016-151614/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe amplification pathway of glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) is a phenomenon discussed in the literature, which components are broadly debated. Evidence suggests that Cl- conductance composes part of this pathway. However, the mechanism that this conductance would play role on the amplification pathway still is debated, and, besides that, the pharmacological tools to study these affects transport of other anions, such as bicarbonate (HCO3-). We aimed in this study to understand the contribuition of anion transport for the amplification of GSIS considering the Cl- and HCO3- extracellular distribuition in INS-1E cells. We concluded that anion transport in INS-1E cell line do not contribute for the amplification pathway of GSIS, however those cells do not express CFTR and Anoctamin 1 channels which were related with this phenomenon. We believe that in insulin secretin cells that express those channels, the anion transport may have a functional relevance.
Muniz, Cássia Regina Reis. „Investigando o valor heurístico de uma ferramenta de análise da apropriação da linguagem social da ciência escolar“. Instituto de Física, 2016. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/27596.
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O aprendizado dos conceitos científicos está atrelado a aprender a falar ciência utilizando seu próprio repertório para dar o sentido ao mundo. Para tanto, os estudantes necessitam saber os significados dos termos e combiná-los de acordo com as normas semântica aceitas pela ciência escolar. Considerando a perspectiva sociocultural de aprendizagem, foi criada a ferramenta de avaliação da apropriação da linguagem da ciência escolar (FAALSCE) (SEPULVEDA et al.,2011), no contexto do grupo Colaboração em Pesquisa e Prática em Educação Científica, a fim de avaliar as respostas discursivas dos alunos para questões que tratavam sobre o conceito de adaptação numa visão darwiniana. Estes autores pretendem analisar os textos dos estudantes em Biologia funcional e, também, para tornar os dados produzidos pela ferramenta passíveis de serem analisados quantitativamente, então esta pesquisa surge no sentido de preencher estas lacunas. Foram analisados 78 textos produzidos sobre o tema sinalização e transporte de substâncias, em particular o transporte da glicose por estudantes do ensino médio de uma escola estadual do estado da Bahia, do município de Salvador em resposta a um questionamento presente no teste aplicado ao final da sequência didática de membrana plasmática com foco em modelos. O padrão temático foi construído com base nos livros didático, a literatura acadêmica e o discurso do professor. As relações semânticas entre os conceitos foram hierarquizadas em três níveis: básico (relações semânticas relacionadas a estrutura); intermediário (relações semânticas que estabeleciam o vínculo entre estrutura a função) e avançado (condensações semânticas que estabelecem a ligação entre diferentes processos). Os textos dos alunos foram analisados de acordo com 4 critérios: (1) relações semânticas; (2) ressignificação; (3) uso dos termos; (4) domínio da linguagem social da ciência escolar. A FAALSCE pode ser utilizada na análise de textos referentes a Biologia Funcional, uma vez que foi possível, utilizando os critérios, classificar os estudantes de acordo com seus escores. Os percentuais de congruência entre o padrão semântico apresentado no texto do estudante e o padrão da linguagem da ciência escolar foi no máximo de 16% para a relação proteína receptora agente do processo reconhecimento de substâncias. Com relação a ressignificação, 83% utilizaram suas próprias palavras para fala ciência. Os dados não permitem uma análise precisa sobre o domínio da linguagem, uma vez que a pergunta era especifica e os termos teóricos foram oferecidos na questão. Observou-se que 47% utilizaram as palavras como forma imprecisa com relação aos seus conceitos e que 38% de forma indicativa nomeando os objetos e processos, apenas 15% dos alunos conseguiram a apropriação conceitual dos termos. A FAALSCE permite, também, mapear as concepções alternativas acerca do conteúdo investigado. Nossos resultados apontam que apesar da necessidade de alguns ajustes metodológicos no sentido de solicitar que os alunos escrevam dois textos (sem e com palavraschave) e a questão precisar ser mais geral, a FAALSCE pode ser usada tanto para pesquisa quanto na prática educacional de Biologia, se a perspectiva de aprendizagem adotada for sociocultural.
The learning of scientific concepts is linked to learning to talk science using its own repertoire to give meaning to the world. Therefore, students need to know the meanings of terms and combine them according to the semantic rules accepted by the school science. Considering the sociocultural perspective of learning, was created the evaluation tool of appropriation of school science language (FAALSCE) (SEPULVEDA et al., 2011) in the context of the Collaboration Group Research and Practice in Science Education, in order to assess the discursive student responses to questions dealing on the concept of adaptation in a Darwinian view. The authors intend to analyze the texts of students in functional biology and also to make the data produced by the subject tool to be analyzed quantitatively, then this research arises in order to fill these gaps. They analyzed 78 texts produced on the subject signaling and transport of substances, in particular the transport of glucose by high school students from a public school of Bahia, in the city of Salvador in response to this question in the test applied to the end of didactic sequence of plasma membrane with a focus on models. The thematic pattern was built on the textbook, academic literature and the teacher's speech. The semantic relations between the concepts were prioritized into three levels: basic (semantic relationships related to structure); intermediate (semantic relations that established the link between structure function) and advanced (semantic condensations that establish the connection between different processes). The texts of the students were analyzed according to four criteria: (1) semantic relationships; (2) reframing; (3) use of terms; (4) the field of social language school science. The FAALSCE can be used in the analysis of texts related to Functional Biology, since it is possible, using criteria, classifying students according to their scores. The percentages of congruence between the semantic pattern presented in the student text and the pattern of school science language was a maximum of 16% for the ratio receptor protein agent process recognition substances. Regarding reframing, 83% used their own words to talk science. The data do not allow a precise analysis on the mastery of language, since the question was specific and theoretical terms have been offered in the issue. It was observed that 47% used the words as inaccurate with respect to its concepts and that 38% indicatively naming objects and processes, only 15% of students achieved the conceptual appropriation of the terms. The FAALSCE also allows mapping the misconceptions about the content investigated. Our results show that despite the need for some methodological adjustments in order to ask students to write two texts (with and without keywords) and the issue needs to be more general, FAALSCE can be used both for research and in educational practice Biology, the prospect of learning adopted for sociocultural
Silva, Dirceu Reis da. „Velocidade de transporte peritoneal e n?veis s?ricos de glicose e insulina de pacientes em di?lise peritoneal“. Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2006. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1811.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleObjetivo: Observar as varia??es de glicemia e insulinemia induzidas pela exposi??o da cavidade peritoneal ? solu??o de glicose, durante teste de equil?brio peritoneal (PET), e buscar rela??o com a velocidade de transporte peritoneal de pequenos solutos. Pacientes e M?todo: Estudo transversal, observacional, com 34 pacientes prevalentes em di?lise peritoneal, submetidos a PET modificado (uso de glicose a 4,25%). Glicemia e insulinemia foram seq?encialmente determinadas sete vezes (em zero, 15, 30, 60 120, 180 e 240 minutos) ao longo do teste e ?ndice de resist?ncia a insulina (IR-HOMA) foi calculado. Categorias de transporte peritoneal foram definidas, na amostra, por quart?s da raz?o dialisado/soro das concentra??es de creatinina ap?s 240 minutos de exposi??o do perit?nio ao l?quido (D4/PCr). Vari?veis demogr?ficas e cl?nicas foram computadas e poss?veis correla??es entre vari?veis e categorias de transporte peritoneal foram testadas. Resultados: N?o houve diferen?a para o IR-HOMA ou para medidas de glicemia e de insulinemia, entre as categorias de transporte peritoneal. Houve correla??o direta entre os incrementos iniciais da glicemia, bem como a varia??o m?xima de insulinemia e a vari?vel D4/PCr uma medida de velocidade de transporte de solutos pelo perit?nio. O IR-HOMA relacionou-se diretamente com o ?ndice de massa corporal. Conclus?o: Os incrementos iniciais de glicemia e o pico m?ximo de insulinemia est?o associados ? velocidade de transporte peritoneal de pequenos solutos medida pelo PET. O significado destes achados sobre o progn?stico de pacientes com alto transporte deve ser mais bem avaliado.
Pessoa, Thaíssa Dantas. „Efeito da glicose e da atividade do co-transportador Na+-glicose, isoformas 1 e 2, sobre o trocador Na+/H+, isoforma 3 em túbulos proximais: papel do metabolismo glicolítico, do transporte de água e da localização dos transportadores“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-18062014-103343/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIt is well established that SGLT1-mediated glucose uptake leads to NHE3 activation in the intestine. This co-activation is thought to be important for postprandial nutrient uptake. However, it remains to be determined whether SGLT-mediated glucose uptake is capable of regulating NHE3-mediated NaHCO3 reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule. Considering that this nephron segment also expresses another SGLT isoform, SGLT2, and that the kidneys and intestine show significant variations in daily glucose availability, the goal of the present work was to determine the effect of SGLT-mediated glucose uptake on NHE3 activity in the renal proximal tubule. Stationary in vivo microperfusion experiments demonstrated that luminal perfusion with 5 mM glucose stimulates NHE3-mediated bicarbonate reabsorption. This stimulatory effect was mediated by glycolytic metabolism but not through ATP production. Conversely, luminal perfusion with 40 mM glucose inhibited NHE3 due to cell swelling. Interestingly, the pharmacological inhibition of SGLT activity by phlorizin produced a marked inhibition of NHE3, even in the absence of glucose. Furthermore, immunofluorescence experiments showed that NHE3 co-localizes with SGLT2, but not with SGLT1, in the rat renal proximal tubule. Collectively, the findings of this work demonstrate that glucose exerts a bimodal effect on NHE3. The physiological metabolism of glucose stimulates NHE3 transport activity, whereas supraphysiological glucose concentrations inhibit this exchanger. Additionally, phlorizin-sensitive SGLT transporters and NHE3 interact functionally in the proximal tubule.
Silva, Filho Tiago Jo?o da. „Express?o imunoistoqu?mica de GLUT-1 e marcadores de prolifera??o e apoptose em anomalias vasculares orais“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17131.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
Vascular anomalies constitute a distinct group of lesions, but they may present similar clinical and histopatological characteristics, which can lead to diagnostic mistakes. This study aimed by histopathology and immunohistochemical expression of human glucose transporter protein (GLUT-1), correctly identify and classify oral vascular anomalies, besides analyzing the immunoexpression of markers proliferation and apoptosis (Ki-67 and Bcl-2). All cases diagnosed as "oral hemangiomas" belonging to the archives of the Service of Pathological Anatomy from the subject of Oral Pathology of the Department of Dentistry (DOD), of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) were reviewed, totalizing 77 cases. Immunohistochemical analysis for GLUT-1 showed that only 26 (33.8%) of the specimens were true infantile hemangiomas (IHs). The 51 (66.2%%) GLUT-1 negative specimens were then reclassified as pyogenic granulomas (PGs) and vascular malformations (VMs) from their histopathologic characteristics,totalizing 26 (33.8%) cases of IHs, 20 (26.0%) of PGs and 31 (40.2) cases of oral VMs. The cases analyzed by the marker Ki-67 showed different median IH (13,85), PG (33,70) and VM (4.55) with statistically significant differences between them (p <0.001). In relation to the protein Bcl-2, the groups also showed different median of the established scores IH (1.00), PG (1.50), VMs (0.0) demonstrating statistically significant differences between them (p<0,001). No statistically significant correlation between the indexes of positivity for Ki-67 and the scores of immunoexpression of Bcl-2 were observed in any group. Thus, we can conclude that it is necessary a careful and parameterized review of cases of vascular anomalies making use of auxiliary tools such as GLUT-1, since the histopathological findings alone, sometimes, are not sufficient to differentiate some anomalies. Furthermore, analysis of the expressions of markers involved in the levels of proliferation of lesions is important for a better understanding of its biological behavior aspect
As anomalias vasculares constituem um grupo de les?es distintas, mas que podem apresentar caracter?sticas cl?nicas e histopatol?gicas semelhantes, que podem levar a equ?vocos diagn?sticos.Este estudo objetivou por meio da histopatologia e da express?o imuno-histoqu?mica daprote?na humana transportadora de glicose (GLUT-1), identificar e classificar corretamente as anomalias vasculares orais, al?m de analisar a imunoexpress?o de marcadores de prolifera??o e apoptose (Ki-67 e Bcl-2).Todos os casos diagnosticados como hemangiomas orais pertencentes aos arquivos do Servi?o de Anatomia Patol?gica da disciplina de Patologia Oral do Departamento de Odontologia (DOD) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) foram revisados, totalizando 77 casos. A an?lise imuno-histoqu?mica para GLUT-1 revelou que apenas 26 (33,8%) dos esp?cimes tratavam-se de hemangiomas da inf?ncia (HIs) verdadeiros. Os 51 (66,2%%)esp?cimes GLUT-1 negativos foram ent?o reclassificados em granulomas piog?nicos (GPs) e malforma??es vasculares (MVs) a partir de suas caracter?sticas histopatol?gicas, totalizando 26 (33,8%) casos de HIs, 20 (26,0%) de GPs e 31 (40,2) casos de MVs orais. Os casos submetidos ? an?lise do marcador Ki-67 apresentaram medianas diferentes HI (13,85), GP (33,70) e MV (4,55) com diferen?as estatisticamente significantes entre elas (p<0,001). Em rela??o ? prote?na Bcl-2, os grupos tamb?m apresentaram diferentes medianas dos escores estabelecidos HI (1,00), GP (1,50), MVs (0,0), demonstrando diferen?as estatisticamente significantes entre elas (p<0,001). N?o foi observada correla??o estatisticamente significante entre os ?ndices de positividade para o Ki-67 e os escores de imunoexpress?o de Bcl-2 em nenhum grupo.Dessa maneira, podemos concluir que se faz necess?rio uma revis?o criteriosa e parametrizada dos casos de anomalias vasculares utilizando ferramentas auxiliares, como a GLUT-1, uma vez que os achados histopatol?gicos sozinhos, ?s vezes, n?o s?o suficientes para diferenciar algumas anomalias. Al?m disso, a an?lise das express?es de marcadores envolvidos nos n?veis de prolifera??o das les?es ? um aspecto importante para o melhor entendimento do seu comportamento biol?gico
Lopes, Eliana Franco. „Expressão gênica em complexos cumulus-oócito bovinos selecionados pela atividade da glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this study was to determine the relative expression of genes involved in transport of monocarboxylates (Mct1, Mct2, Mct3 e Mct4) and oogenesis specific genes (Bmp15, Gdf9 and Has2) in immature and mature bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) after selection by BCB. Immature COCs underwent morphological selection and were stained with 26 mM BCB for 90 min. Based on ooplasm staining, oocytes were distributed in two groups BCB+ (blue color) and BCB- (non-stained). The holding control group was exposed to the same incubation conditions as stained COCs, but without BCB. Control group was submitted to in vitro maturation (IVM) immediately after morphological selection. mRNA expression was investigated by RT-PCR in COCs before and after IVM. No relationship was observed in the relative expression of Has2, Gdf9, Bmp15 or Mct1, 2 and 4 transcripts between BCB- and BCB+ COCs. Transcripts analysis showed that Gdf9 and Bmp15 in BCB+, BCB- and holding groups were upregulated (p < 0.05) before IVM, while Has2 was up-regulated (p < 0.01) after IVM in the control group. Others genes remained stable during maturation (Mct1, 2 and 4). The increase in relative abundance of some transcripts during IVM may be attributed to incubation conditions during the BCB test. Our results showed, for the first time, Mct1, 2 and 4 expression in bovine COCs. Mct1 and Mct4 transcripts were present in denuded oocytes and cumulus cell, while Mct2 was detected only in cumulus cells. These differences between the three isoforms in localization suggest unique roles for each in monocarboxylate transport during maturation.
Damasceno, Rosélia dos Santos. „Efeito da glicose sobre os mecanismos de extrusão de prótons em células MDCK“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-11082010-132441/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study investigated the effect of glucose on the activity and expression of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE1) and vacuolar H+-ATPase, in Mardin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells from dog kidney, with similar characteristics to principal and intercalated cells of the distal nephron. The pHi recovery rate (dpHi/dt) and the buffering capacity (bi) was evaluated through fluorescence microscopy. From these parameters the H+ efflux (JH+) was calculated. By Western blot, the NHE1 and H+-ATPase (E subunit) expression was evaluated. Results: In the control situation the H+ efflux was 6.27 ± 0.51 mM/pH units (n = 9). Acute treatment with glucose (25 mM) increased the H+ efflux via NHE1, which was modulated by PI3 kinase. In the same condition, the H+-ATPase activity did not change. Chronic treatment with glucose (25 mM) induced significant increase in H+ efflux via NHE1 and H+-ATPase. The stimulatory effect of glucose on the NHE1 and H+-ATPase activity was dependent on p38 MAP kinase activity. Furthermore, chronic treatment with glucose (25 mM) induced Ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) and Akt phosphorylation. Conclusions: Our results indicate that during the acute treatment with glucose (25 mM), the NHE1 is modulated by PI3 kinase. However, during chronic treatment with glucose (25 mM), NHE1 activity was modulated by the ERM/Akt system and of H+-ATPase activity was modulated by p38 MAP Kinase.
Vasconcelos, Vívian Sarmento de. „Expressão do transportador de glicose GLUT3 e atividade da acetilcolinesterase em cérebro de ratos adultos submetidos à desnutrição no início da vida“. Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2009. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/632.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA desnutrição energético-protéica consiste em um dos problemas nutricionais mais graves que ocorrem em países em desenvolvimento. A deficiência energética e nutricional no início da vida pode ocasionar importantes alterações nas diferentes fases de desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central, uma vez que os processos de hiperplasia, hipertrofia e mielinização ocorrem de forma mais intensa. O cérebro utiliza a glicose como seu principal substrato energético. No entanto, em certas condições fisiológicas, como durante a fase de amamentação ou durante o jejum prolongado, as células podem utilizar outros substratos a fim de suprir suas necessidades metabólicas. O transporte de glicose para as células nervosas requer a presença de proteínas transportadoras específicas denominadas GLUTs (glucose transporters) que efetuam o transporte de glicose através de difusão facilitada. Além dos transportadores de glicose, proteínas transportadoras de monocarboxilatos (MCTs) são responsáveis pelo influxo neuronal de lactato, sendo o MCT1 o principal responsável pelo fornecimento energético aos neurônios durante o processo de maturação do tecido nervoso. A acetilcolina é um dos principais neurotransmissores do sistema nervoso, sendo associada com a manutenção de processos de atenção, aprendizagem e memória. Na fenda sináptica a acetilcolina é degradada por enzimas colinesterásicas, a acetilcolinesterase (AChE) e a Butirilcolinesterase (BuChE). O aumento da atividade de frações da AChE vem sendo associada com estados de demência em pacientes idosos e com a perda da função cognitiva em pacientes com Doença de Alzheimer. O presente trabalho se propôs a estudar a expressão do transportador neuronal de glicose GLUT3 e a atividade da AChE no cérebro de ratos adultos jovens (84 dias de vida) que foram amamentados em ninhadas formadas por 6 (grupo controle) ou 12 filhotes (grupo desnutrido). Os resultados demonstraram que o peso dos cérebros dos ratos desnutridos foi significativamente menor (P<0,001, teste t de Student) comparado ao grupo controle. Os níveis glicêmicos e a expressão do GLUT3 nas membranas corticais totais foram também diminuídos pela desnutrição (P<0,001, teste t de Student). A atividade da AChE nos diferentes homogenados do cérebro mostrou uma interação significativa (P = 0,019, ANOVA two-way, Tukey teste) entre o estado iv nutricional e o tipo de fração do homogenado, apresentando uma redução significativa ( p< 0,05) na atividade desta enzima do homogenado de células em animais controle . Esses resultados mostram pela primeira vez que a desnutrição durante o período de amamentação diminui a expressão do GLUT3 e que o aumento da atividade da acetilcolinesterase associado com a diminuição da expressão do principal trnasportador de glicose para o cérebro poderia contribuir para déficits cognitivos e alterações da atividade metabólica cerebral.
Leite, Rafaella Bastos. „Estudo da imunoexpressão dos transportadores de glicose 1 e 3 e do índice angiogênico em tumores odontológicos ceratocísticos isolados e associados à Síndrome de Gorlin“. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2353.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT) stands out among the other odontogenic lesions in view of the potentially aggressive biological behavior and its association in some cases, with the Gorlin syndrome. Some studies have suggested a more aggressive biological behavior for KOTs associated with Gorlin syndrome, compared to isolated KOTs, characterized by greater growth capacity and bone infiltration and higher tendency to recur. The present study aimed to evaluate, descriptively and comparatively, by means of immunohistochemistry, the expression of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) and -3 (GLUT-3) and the angiogenic index (CD34) in isolated primary and recurrent KOTs and in KOTs associated with Gorlin syndrome. The sample was composed by 21 isolated KOTs (14 primary and 7 recurrent) and 14 KOTs associated with Gorlin syndrome. The expression of GLUTs was evaluated in the epithelial component of the lesions, establishing the percentage of immunopositive cells, according to the scores: score 0 (negative), score 1 (≤ 25% of positive cells), score 2 (26% - 50% of positive cells), score 3 (51% - 75% of positive cells), and score 4 (≥ 76% positive cells). For the angiogenic index, the microvessel count (MVC) technique was applied, quantifying the microvessels immunoreactive to anti-CD34 antibody. Regarding the median scores for immunopositivity for GLUT-1 and the angiogenic index, comparisons between groups were performed using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test. For GLUT-3, the data obtained from the evaluation of epithelial expression of this protein were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. Possible correlations between the scores of immunopositivity for GLUT-1 and angiogenic index in the lesions were evaluated using the Spearman correlation test. The level of significance was set at 5% (p <0.05). The analysis of epithelial GLUT-1 immunoreactivity revealed predominance of score 4 in isolated primary KOTs (n = 9, 64.3%) and in KOTs associated with Gorlin syndrome (n = 8; 57.1%). In isolated recurrent KOTs, it was identified a slightly higher frequency of cases with scores 4 (n = 3; 42.9%) and 2 (n = 2; 28.6%). The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test showed no statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.406). Regarding the GLUT-3, all groups showed higher frequency of negative cases. The few KOTs positive for GLUT-3 were classified as score 1 (≤ 25% of positive cells), showing a low expression of this protein in the epithelial component. The mean number of microvessels was 63.80 in isolated primary KOTs, 61.11 in KOTs associated with the Gorlin syndrome, and 65.88 in isolated recurrent KOTs, without significant differences between groups (p = 0.965). The results of this study suggest that the differences in biological behavior of isolated KOTs and KOTs associated with Gorlin syndrome may not be related to the expression of GLUTs-1 and -3, or to the angiogenic index in the lesions. The high expression of GLUT-1 in KOTs suggests an important role for this protein in glucose uptake by the epithelial cells of these tumors.
O tumor odontogênico ceratocístico (TOC) se destaca entre as demais lesões odontogênicas em virtude do comportamento biológico potencialmente agressivo e por sua associação, em alguns casos, à síndrome de Gorlin. Pesquisas tem sugerido um comportamento biológico mais agressivo para os TOCs associados à síndrome de Gorlin, em comparação aos TOCs isolados, caracterizado por maior capacidade de crescimento e infiltração óssea e maior tendência a recorrência. O presente estudo se propôs a avaliar, descritiva e comparativamente, a imunoexpressão dos transportadores de glicose-1 (GLUT-1) e -3 (GLUT-3) e o índice angiogênico (CD34) em TOCs isolados primários e recorrentes e TOCs associados à síndrome de Gorlin. A amostra foi composta por 21 TOCs isolados (14 primários e 7 recorrentes) e 14 TOCs associados à síndrome de Gorlin. A expressão dos GLUTs foi avaliada no componente epitelial das lesões, estabelecendo-se o percentual de células imunopositivas, de acordo com os escores: escore 0 (negativo), escore 1 (≤ 25% das células positivas), escore 2 (26% - 50% das células positivas), escore 3 (51% - 75% das células positivas) e escore 4 (≥76% das células positivas). Para o índice angiogênico, foi empregada a técnica da contagem microvascular (MVC), quantificando-se os microvasos imunomarcados pelo anticorpo anti-CD34. Em relação às medianas para os escores de imunopositividade para GLUT-1 e para o índice angiogênico, as comparações entre os grupos foram realizadas por meio do teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis. Para o GLUT-3, os dados obtidos com a avaliação da expressão epitelial desta proteína foram submetidos apenas à análise estatística descritiva. Possíveis correlações entre os escores de imunopositividade para GLUT-1 e o índice angiogênico nas lesões foram avaliadas por meio do teste de correlação de Spearman. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5% (p < 0,05). A análise da imunoexpressão epitelial de GLUT-1 revelou predomínio de casos com escore 4 nos TOCs isolados primários (n = 9; 64,3%) e nos TOCs associados à síndrome de Gorlin (n = 8; 57,1%). Nos TOCs isolados recorrentes, foi identificada frequência discretamente maior para os casos com escores 4 (n = 3; 42,9%) e 2 (n = 2; 28,6%). O teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis revelou ausência de diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos (p = 0,406). Em relação ao GLUT-3, todos os grupos estudados revelaram maior frequência de casos negativos. Os poucos TOCs positivos para GLUT-3 foram classificados como escore 1 (≤ 25% das células positivas), revelando uma baixa expressão desta proteína no componente epitelial. O número médio de microvasos foi de 63,80 nos TOCs isolados primários, 61,11 nos TOCs associados a síndrome de Gorlin e 65,88 nos TOCs isolados recorrentes, sem diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p = 0,965). Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que as diferenças no comportamento biológico de TOCs isolados e TOCs associados à síndrome de Gorlin não foram relacionadas com a expressão de GLUTs-1 e -3 ou com o índice angiogênico (CD34) nas lesões. A alta expressão de GLUT-1 em TOCs sugere um importante papel para esta proteína na captação de glicose pelas células epiteliais destes tumores.
Pimentel, André Coppe. „Fisiologia molecular digestiva da larva de Musca domestica“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-31012012-140549/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDigestion in insects occurs in the midgut in a compartmentalized way. Initial digestion takes place inside the peritrophic membrane. The resulting oligomers diffuse into the luminal space outside the peritrophic membrane where they are hydrolyzed by other enzymes. In the final digestion, the resulting dimers are hydrolyzed by enzymes immobilized on the midgut epithelium. After the final digestion, the monomers are absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells. The so-called higher Diptera, including the house fly, have digestive peculiarities apparently resulting of adaptations to digest a diet consisting mainly of bacteria. In the anterior midgut there is a decrease in the starch content of the food bolus. The bolus now passes into the middle midgut, where bacteria are killed by the combined action of low pH, a special lysozyme and a cathepsin D-like proteinase. Finally, the material released by bacteria is digested in the posterior midgut, as is observed in the whole midgut of insects of other taxa. In order to understand the peculiar digestion in Musca domestica, the larvae were used to identify (a) the functionally the nutrient absorptive regions, (b) the molecules involved in the absorption of nutrients, (c) the molecules involved in buffering and fluid flows, (d) the cDNA sequences corresponding to intestinal digestive enzymes, (e) the main sites of secretion. Physiological experiments of glucose absorption and enzyme activity analysis allowed a direct access to aspects of digestion. Otherwise, cDNA library sequencing followed by sequence annotation and tissue-specific expression analysis were fundamental approaches in the understanding of intestinal physiology of Musca domestica. Evidence that glucose absorption in the gut of Musca domestica occurs through SGLT-like transporters, with the possible participation of facilitators GLUT-like, allowed us to establish a focus for future studies. The description of cDNA sequences corresponding to proteins putatively responsible for intestinal buffering widened the discussion of this process. The finding of the expression sites of V-ATPase subunits, chloride channel, and ammonia transporter led to revising the present buffering model and the inclusion of other molecules in the process. The cDNA sequences corresponding to the activities of carboxypeptidase, aminopeptidase and maltase described in the literature were searched for as candidate sequences to encode those enzymes. This made it possible to describe the digestion of oligomers and dimers based on transcribed genes and enzyme amino acid sequences. The discovery of the metalloproteinase transcribing sequence opened a new research line: the description and characterization of its proteolytic activity in the midgut of the Musca domestica larvae. This study also allowed elucidating the location of digestive enzyme expression sites and, therefore, the putative zones of enzyme secretion. Overall, this study contributed to understanding many aspects of digestion of Musca domestica, clarifying aspects of the peculiar digestive physiology of this insect.
Demeda, Clarissa Favero. „Estudo da imunoexpress?o dos transportadores de glicose 1 e 3 em carcinomas epiderm?ides de l?bio inferior e sua rela??o com par?metros cl?nico-patol?gicos“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17121.
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The Epidermoid Carcinoma (EC) is the most common lesions located in the region of the head and neck and, despite advances in treatment modalities, the prognosis is still poor. The malignant cells show an increase in glucose uptake, process mediated by glucose transporters (GLUTs). Increased expression of GLUT 1 and GLUT 3 is related to the aggressive behavior of this lesion. The aim of this study was to evaluate, through immunohistochemistry, the expression of GLUTs 1 and 3 in EC of the lower lip. The sample consisted of 40 cases of EC of the lower lip, of which 20 had regional lymph node metastasis and the remaining 20 with absence of metastasis. The percentages of immunostained cells in front of tumor invasion and in the center of tumor were evaluated. These results were related to the presence and absence of lymph node metastasis, TNM classification and histological grading. The percentage of cytoplasmic/membranous expression of GLUT 1 ranged from 77.35% to 100%, while for GLUT 3 this value ranged from 0.79% to 100%. As for nuclear staining for GLUT 1, this percentage ranged from 0 to 0.42%, however. GLUT 3 showed only one case with nuclear staining. Despite the significant expression of tumor cells related to the proteins studied, we observed no statistically significant relationship between the variables and the antibodies analyzed, regardless of the region evaluated. However, there was a moderate positive correlation between cytoplasmic/membranous immunoexpressions of GLUT 1 in invasion front and in the tumor center (r = 0.679, p <0.001). Similarly, moderate positive correlation was found between the nuclear immunoexpressions of GLUT 1 in the invasion front and in the tumor center (r = 0.547, p <0.001). For GLUT 3, was also observed a moderate statistically significant positive correlation between cytoplasmic/membranous expression in tumor invasion front and in tumor center (r = 0.589, p <0.001). We also observed that the immunoreactivity for GLUT 1 was higher than GLUT 3 expression in invasion front (p <0.001) and tumor center (p <0.001). From these results, this study suggests that tumor hypoxia is a remarkable characteristic of the EC of the lower lip and GLUT 1 may be primarily responsible for glucose uptake into the interior of the malignant cells
O Carcinoma epiderm?ide (CE) est? entre as les?es mais comuns localizadas na regi?o de cabe?a e pesco?o e apesar dos avan?os nas modalidades de tratamento, o progn?stico ainda ? pobre. As c?lulas malignas apresentam um aumento na absor??o de glicose, processo esse mediado pelos transportadores de glicose (GLUTs). O aumento da express?o de GLUT 1 e GLUT 3 encontra-se relacionado com o comportamento agressivo dessa les?o. O objetivo desse estudo consistiu em avaliar, atrav?s de estudo imuno-histoqu?mico, a express?o dos GLUTs 1 e 3 em CE de l?bio inferior. A amostra foi composta por 40 casos de CE de l?bio inferior, dos quais 20 apresentavam met?stase linfonodal regional e os 20 restantes com aus?ncia de met?stase. Foram avaliados os percentuais de c?lulas imunomarcadas no front de invas?o e no centro do tumor, esses resultados foram relacionados com a presen?a e aus?ncia de met?stase linfonodal, estadiamento cl?nico TNM e grada??o histol?gica. O percentual de marca??o citoplasm?tica/membranar para GLUT 1 variou de 77,35% a 100%, j? para GLUT 3 esse valor variou de 0,79% a 100%. Quanto ? marca??o nuclear para GLUT 1, este percentual variou de 0 a 0,42%, no entanto, GLUT 3 apresentou apenas um caso com marca??o nuclear. Apesar da expressiva marca??o das c?lulas tumorais frente aos marcadores estudados, n?o foi poss?vel observar rela??o estatisticamente significativa entre as vari?veis estudadas e os marcadores analisados, independente da regi?o avaliada. Contudo, foi observada moderada correla??o positiva estatisticamente significativa entre as imunoexpress?es citoplasm?tica/membranar de GLUT 1 no front de invas?o e no centro do tumor (r=0,679; p<0,001). De forma similar, foi constatada moderada correla??o positiva entre as imunoexpress?es nucleares de GLUT 1 no front de invas?o e no centro tumoral(r=0,547; p<0,001). Para GLUT 3, tamb?m foi observada moderada correla??o positiva entre as imunoexpress?es membranar/ citoplasm?tica dessa prote?na no front de invas?o e no centro tumoral (r=0,589; p<0,001). Foi observado, ainda, que a imunoexpress?o de GLUT 1 em rela??o a GLUT 3 foi maior tanto no front de invas?o (p < 0,001) como no centro do tumor (p<0,001). A partir desses resultados, conclui-se que a hip?xia tumoral ? uma caracter?stica marcante no CE de l?bio inferior e GLUT 1 pode ser o principal respons?vel pela capta??o de glicose para o interior das c?lulas malignas
Silva, C?ssia Miriam Lucas da. „Modifica??o de filmes do comp?sito alginato de s?dio-poli(etileno glicol)- glicerol com ?xidos de tungst?nio e tit?nio: intera??es f?sicas que influenciam no transporte de carga“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19802.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
A associa??o entre pol?meros e sais i?nicos, por intera??o f?sica, ? uma forma eficiente de prepara??o de filmes com interessantes propriedades mec?nica e el?trica. Embora a combina??o f?sica entre os pol?meros e os sais e a obten??o de filme autossustent?vel pelo m?todo de evapora??o possa ser facilmente conseguida, as propriedades desse novo composto pode ser bem diferentes dos componentes separados. Este trabalho descreve as novas propriedades el?tricas do comp?sito alginato de s?dio/poli(etileno glicol)/glicerol sem e com modifica??o com os sais de tungstato de s?dio e tetrabut?xido de tit?nio atrav?s de intera??es f?sicas entres eles. A prepara??o do filme se deu pelo m?todo sol-gel, tanto da matriz polim?rica pura (alginato de s?dio/poli(etileno glicol)/glicerol) como da matriz polim?rica dopada com diferentes al?quotas, 1, 2, 3 e 4 mL, da solu??o de tungstato de s?dio na concentra??o de 1mmol/L e, 0,1, 0,2, 0,3 e 0,4 mL de tetrabut?xido de tit?nio, adicionadas diretamente na matriz; em uma amostra da mistura polim?rica, tamb?m foi estudada a mistura das maiores concentra??es dos dois sais associados. Os filmes foram caracterizados atrav?s da reflex?o total atenuada (ATR), difratometria de raios X (DRX), microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de raios X por dispers?o de energia (EDS) e as contribui??es dos sais nas propriedades el?tricas dos filmes foram analisadas atrav?s da espectroscopia de imped?ncia eletroqu?mica (EIE). O filme de alginato de s?dio com o poli(etileno glicol) apresenta rigidez mec?nica dificultando a trabalhabilidade do filme, entretanto, a adi??o do glicerol reduz as for?as intermoleculares entre as cadeias polim?ricas diminuindo essa fragilidade devido ao pequeno tamanho da cadeia, permitindo que seja inserido com mais facilidade entre as cadeias polim?ricas e, consequentemente, exer?a maior influ?ncia sobre as propriedades mec?nicas do que a maior mol?cula do poli(etileno glicol). As intera??es f?sicas s?o comprovadas atrav?s dos espectros de ATR. As bandas caracter?sticas do alginato n?o s?o deslocadas e ocorre aumento da ?rea das bandas e favorecimento de vibra??es na presen?a do glicerol. Os difratogramas evidenciaram a predomin?ncia do comportamento amorfo nos filmes. As an?lises de MEV mostraram a predomin?ncia de uma superf?cie mais lisa quando o glicerol est? presente nos filme e, na presen?a dos sais, as micrografias apresentam a exist?ncia de poros e irregularidade superficiais, assim como, heterogeneidade. Quando os sais est?o associados no mesmo filme h? a predomin?ncia de distribui??o de microestruturas. Atrav?s da EIE observou-se que a associa??o do glicerol e PEG no filme de NaAlg produz um comportamento caracter?stico de transporte de carga com uma condutividade na ordem de 10-4 ??1 .cm -1. Quando o comp?sito est? associado com o tungstato de s?dio apresenta um comportamento de armazenamento de carga e, quando a associa??o ? com o tetrabut?xido de tit?nio o transporte de carga ? favorecido, sendo esse comportamento observado tamb?m no filme com a mistura dos sais, gerando valor de condutividade na ordem de 10-3 ??1 .cm -1. A associa??o dos sais na matriz polim?rica aumenta a mobilidade i?nica extr?nseca do comp?sito e melhora suas propriedades condutoras.
The association between polymers and ionic salts by physical interaction, is an efficient way of making films with interesting mechanical and electrical properties. Although physical combination of polymers and salts and the obtaining of self-sustaining film by evaporation method can be easily achieved, the properties of this new compound may be different from the separate components. This work describes the electrical properties of new composite sodium alginate/poly(ethylene glycol)/glycerol with and without modification with the salts of sodium tungstate and titanium tetrabutoxide through physical interactions among them. The preparation of the film made by the sol-gel method, both the pure polymer matrix (sodium alginate/poly (ethylene glycol)/glycerol) and the polymeric matrix doped with varying rates 1, 2, 3 and 4 mL solution of sodium tungstate at a concentration of 1 mmol/L, and 0,1, 0,2, 0,3, and 0,4 ml of titanium tetrabutoxide in a sample of the polymer mixture, was studied the mixture of higher concentrations of the two salts associated. The films were characterized by attenuated total reflection (ATR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Spectroscopy Energy Dispersive (EDS) and the contributions of salts on the electrical properties of the films were analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The film of sodium alginate with poly (ethylene glycol) has mechanical rigidity making it difficult the workability of the film, however, the addition of glycerol reduces the intermolecular forces between the polymer chains reducing such fragility due to the small size of the chain, allowing it to be inserted more easily in the polymer chain, and thus exert greater influence on the mechanical properties of the poly(ethylene glycol) larger molecule. Physical interactions are proven through the ATR spectra. The characteristics bands of alginate are not displaced, increasing the area of the bands and favors of vibrations in the presence of glycerol occurs. The XRD patterns showed the predominance of the behavior amorphous in films. SEM analyzes showed the predominance of a smoother surface when glycerol is present in the film, and when the salts are associated micrographs show the existence of pores and surface irregularities, as well as heterogeneity. When salts are associated in the same film there is a predominant distribution of microstructures. Through the EIS it was observed that the association of glycerol and PEG in NaAlg film produces a characteristic behavior of charge transport with a conductivity on the order of 10-4 ?-1 .cm -1. When the composite is associated with sodium tungstate presents a charge storage behavior, and when the association is with the titanium tetrabutoxide charge transport is favored, and in the film with the mixture of the salts the conductivity value is in the order 10-3 ? -1 .cm -1. The association of salts increases the extrinsic ionic mobility of the composite and improvement in their conductive properties.
Andrade, João Nilton Barreto. „O SP1 (transcription factor Sp1) participa da regulação transcricional do Slc2a4 mediada pelo receptor de estrógeno ER-alfa em adipócitos 3T3-L1“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-17082018-095039/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance, which can be modulated by estrogen in both females and males. In this process, the glucose transporter GLUT4 (solute carrier family 2 member 4 gene - Slc2a4) plays an important role, since increasing GLUT4 expression improves glycemic control. Estradiol (E2) regulates the expression of Slc2a4, by a mechanism in which estrogen receptors (ERs) play opposite effects: ER-alpha stimulates, whereas ER-beta inhibits the expression. Transcriptional effects of ERs involve co-regulators, notably the transcription factor SP1, a powerful enhancer of Slc2a4. However, the role of SP1 in the ERs-mediated regulation of Slc2a4 is unknown; and that was the aim of the present study. Differentiated adipocytes 3T3-L1 were treated (24 hours) with E2, ER-alpha agonist (PPT) or ER-beta agonist (DPN). It was analyzed: gene expression (RT-qPCR) of Slc2a4 and Sp1; total content o GLUT4 and nuclear content of ER-alpha/beta and SP1 (Western blotting); binding activity of SP1 into Slc2a4 promoter (electrophoretic mobility shift assay); and content of nuclear SP1/ER-alpha complexes (immunoprecipitation). Results confirmed that E2 increases the expression of Slc2a4/GLUT4, by the dominant effect of ER-alpha. The ER-alpha agonist PPT increased the nuclear content of SP1, the interaction of SP1/ER-alpha, and the binding activity of SP1 into the Slc2a4. The agonist DPN evinced that ER-beta activity does not involve the SP1. In conclusion, the enhancer effect of ER-alpha upon Slc2a4 gene expression involves a transactivation mechanism via SP1. This observation point outs the cooperation of ER-alpha/SP1 as a new target for the development of approaches to treat insulin resistance and T2DM
Cavalcante, Isadora Pontes. „Correlação da expressão de GLUT1, HK1, HK2 e HK3 com alta captação de 18/F-FDG em hiperplasia macronodular adrenal primária“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5135/tde-12012015-125308/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIntroduction: Primary macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PMAH) is a rare cause of Cushing\'s syndrome, characterized by functioning adrenal macronodules and increased cortisol production. Recently, integrated 18F-FDG-PET/CT examination revealed an increased 18F-FDG uptake in patients with PMAH. However, it is still unclear the mechanism by which PMAH would present with a high 18F-FDG uptake in PET/CT. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether GLUT1, HK1, HK2 and/or HK3 expression would account for the high18F-FDG uptake in PMAH and compare these expressions with ACA and ACC adrenal tisuue. Methods: 12 patients undergoing adrenalectomy for PMAH with previous 18F-FDG-PET/CT. 18F-FDG uptake was quantified as the maximum standardized uptake value (maxSUV). mRNA expression was investigated through quantitative RT-PCR and protein expression was investigated using immunohistochemical studies. PMAH gene and protein expression were compared to 15 patients with ACA and 10 with ACC. Correlations were performed through Pearson\'s correlation coefficient test and comparisons through Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn adjust. Statistical significance was considered when p < 0.05. Results: All patients with PMAH presented with high 18F-FDG uptake, the range of SUVmax in these patients varied from 3.3 to 8.9 and the nodule sizes varied from 3.5 to 15 cm. There was a strong positive correlation between the nodule size and 18F-FDG uptake. However, no correlation could be established between gene and protein expression of GLUT1, HK1, HK2 and HK3 and 18F-FDG uptake. SLC2A1 and HK2 expression was significantly higher in patients with CCA than in patients with AAC and PMAH. Conclusions: Increased 18F-FDG uptake in PMAH does not arise from the overexpression of GLUT1, HK1, HK2 or HK3. Further investigation is required to elucidate the glycolytic pathway involved in glucose metabolism in PMAH
Oliveira, Lucileide Castro de. „Estudo imuno-histoqu?mico da express?o da GLUT-1 e mensura??o do ?ndice angiog?nico (CD34) em adenomas pleom?rficos, carcinomas aden?ides c?sticos e carcinomas mucoepiderm?ides de gl?ndulas salivares“. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17125.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
The expression of glucose transporter protein 1 (GLUT-1), as well the angiogenesis has been associated to clinical behavior and aggressiveness in tumors of various origin. It is believed that the expression of this protein denotes metabolic demand of the tumor cells and, thus its influence upon the formation of new blood vessels. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and the adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) represent, respectively, the most commom benign and malignant tumors of salivary glands. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the immunohistochemical expression of GLUT-1 and its correlation with angiogenesis in cases of PAs, ACCs and MECs considering their histological grades. The sample consisted of 20 PAs, 20 ACCs and 10 MECs. The cases were analyzed and classified according to their histological grades. The expression of GLUT-1 was evaluated in the parenchyma lesions, establishing the percentage of immunopositive cells, according to the following scores: 0 (no cell immunomarked), 1 (up to 25% of tumor cells immunostained), 2 (25 - 50% of tumor cells immunostained) and 3 (more than 50% of tumor cells immunostained). The angiogenic index was analyzed by counting the microvessels immunostained by anti-CD34 antibody, in 5 fields (200X). The analysis of the expression of GLUT-1 in tumor parenchyma showed statistically significant differences between benign and malignant groups (p = 0.022). The average number of microvessels in PAs was 40.4, 21.2 in ACCs and 66.5 in MECs, with significant differences between groups (p <0.001). When compared to the expression of GLUT-1 and angiogenic index as a whole, there was no significant correlation between the number of microvessels and the expression of GLUT-1 (r = 0.211, p = 0.141). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest not only that differences in biological behavior between PAs, ACCs and MECs may be associated to the expression of GLUT-1, but also that benign and malignant salivary gland present differences in the average number of microvessels, with higher levels considered more aggressive tumors. Furthermore, the number of newly formed microvessels can be independent of the metabolic demand of the tumor cells
A express?o da prote?na transportadora de glicose tipo 1 (GLUT-1), bem como a angiog?nese, t?m sido relacionadas ao comportamento cl?nico e agressividade em neoplasias de origem diversas. Acredita-se que a express?o desta prote?na denote a demanda metab?lica das c?lulas tumorais e, assim, a sua influ?ncia na forma??o de novos vasos sanguineos. O adenoma pleom?rfico (AP) e o carcinoma adenoide c?stico (CAC) e carcinoma mucoepiderm?ide (CME) representam, respectivamente, a neoplasia benigna e as malignas mais frequentes das gl?ndulas salivares. O prop?sito deste estudo foi comparar a express?o imuno-histoqu?mica da GLUT-1, bem como correlacionar com a angiog?nese em casos de APs, CACs e CMEs levando em considera??o suas grada??es histol?gicas. A amostra foi composta por 20 APs, 20 CACs e 10 CMEs os quais foram classificados de acordo com os graus histol?gicos apresentados. A express?o da GLUT-1 foi avaliada no par?nquima das les?es, estabelecendo-se o percentual de c?lulas imunopositivas, de acordo com os escores: 0 (nenhuma c?lula imunomarcada), 1 (at? 25% das c?lulas tumorais imunomarcadas), 2 (de 25-50% das c?lulas tumorais imunomarcadas) e 3 (mais de 50% das c?lulas tumorais imunomarcadas). O ?ndice angiog?nico foi analisado por meio da contagem de microvasos imunomarcados pelo anticorpo anti-CD34, em 5 campos (200x). A an?lise da express?o da GLUT-1 revelou diferen?as estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos benignos e malignos (p = 0,022). O n?mero m?dio de microvasos foi de 40,4 em APs, 21,2 em CACs e 66,5 em CMEs, com diferen?as significativas entre os grupos (p < 0,001). Quando comparadas a express?o da GLUT-1 com o ?ndice angiog?nico em conjunto, n?o foi evidenciada correla??o significativa entre a quantidade de microvasos e a express?o da GLUT-1 (r = 0,211; p = 0,141). Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que as diferen?as no comportamento biol?gico entre APs, CACs e CMEs podem estar relacionadas ? express?o da GLUT-1 e que tumores benignos e malignos de gl?ndulas salivares exibem diferen?as no n?mero m?dio de microvasos, com maiores ?ndices nos tumores considerados mais agressivos. Al?m disto, o n?mero de microvasos neoformados pode ser independente da demanda metab?lica das c?lulas tumorais