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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Weeds Cultural control“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 19. Februar 2022

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1

Gunsolus, Jeffrey L. "Mechanical and cultural weed control in corn and soybeans." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 5, no. 3 (September 1990): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300003416.

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AbstractMany farmers and consumers are reevaluating chemical weed control because of the environmental risks of herbicides and their influence on farm size and diversity. This paper reviews research of the last 35 years on mechanical and cultural weed control in corn(Zea maysL.)and soybeans(Glycine maxL.).Soybeans can better use the weed control advantages of late planting and narrow row spacing and are less affected by early stand losses from mechanical weed control. In Minnesota, delaying planting to early June allows early germinating weeds to be controlled by preplant tillage but reduces t

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Nalewaja, John D. "Cultural Practices for Weed Resistance Management." Weed Technology 13, no. 3 (September 1999): 643–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00046339.

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Cultural practices, such as delayed crop seeding, tillage, black fallow, crop rotation, hand weeding, and competitive crops, when used to replace herbicides, provide an opportunity to reduce the selection pressure that causes weeds to become resistant to herbicides. Herbicides on the other hand reduce the selection pressure that causes weeds to resist cultural practices. Rotation of the two systems should then delay resistance to both systems. Growers consider many factors in addition to weed resistance in selecting herbicide or cultural weed control, from associated convenience to economic po

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Mohler, Charles L. "Ecological Bases for the Cultural Control of Annual Weeds." Journal of Production Agriculture 9, no. 4 (October 1996): 468–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1996.0468.

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Case, L. T., H. M. Mathers, and A. F. Senesac. "A Review of Weed Control Practices in Container Nurseries." HortTechnology 15, no. 3 (January 2005): 535–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.3.0535.

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Container production has increased rapidly in many parts of the U.S. over the past 15 years. Container production has been the fastest growing sector in the nursery industry and the growth is expected to continue. Weed growth in container-grown nursery stock is a particularly serious problem, because the nutrients, air, and water available are limited to the volume of the container. The extent of damage caused by weeds is often underestimated and effective control is essential. Various researchers have found that as little as one weed in a small (1 gal) pot affects the growth of a crop. Howeve

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Johnson, W. Carroll. "A Review of Weed Management Challenges in Organic Peanut Production." Peanut Science 46, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps18-12.1.

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ABSTRACT Organic peanut production is a high-risk cropping system, largely due to difficulties in managing weeds using methods acceptable for certified-organic production. In contrast with conventional peanut production that relies heavily on synthetic herbicides, organic peanut production must use an integrated system to manage weeds. The foundation for an integrated weed management system is cultural weed control which is a system of production practices that promote uniform peanut growth to suppress weeds. Cultural weed control includes practices that promote vigorous early-season peanut gr

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Moody, Keith. "Weed Control in Wet-Seeded Rice." Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 4 (October 1993): 393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700021116.

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SummaryIncreasing transplanting costs in southeast Asia have encouraged farmers to adopt labour-saving crop establishment techniques for rice, such as wet seeding. This practice has been accompanied by an increase in weed problems and a shift in the dominant species to grassy weeds. Other problems are encountered with wet seeding but weeds are the most severe and most widespread constraint. It is impossible to produce rice economically without a well-planned weed control programme. The problems caused by weeds in wet-seeded rice and ways of controlling them by preventive, ecological, manageria

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Anderson, Randy L. "A cultural system to reduce weed interference in organic soybean." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 30, no. 4 (April 25, 2014): 392–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170514000167.

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AbstractOrganic producers are seeking alternative tactics for weed control, so that they can reduce their need for tillage. In this study, we examined cultural strategies for controlling weeds during the transition from a cool-season crop to soybean. The study was arranged as a two-way factorial, with factors being choice of cool-season crop and tillage treatments. The cool-season crops were either spring wheat harvested for grain or an oat–pea mixture harvested for forage. Five tillage treatments, ranging from intensive tillage to no-till, were established following each cool-season crop. Two

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Knezevic, Stevan Z., and Avishek Datta. "The Critical Period for Weed Control: Revisiting Data Analysis." Weed Science 63, SP1 (February 2015): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-14-00035.1.

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There is an ever-larger need for designing an integrated weed management (IWM) program largely because of the increase in glyphosate-resistant weeds, not only in the United States but also worldwide. An IWM program involves a combination of various methods (cultural, mechanical, biological, genetic, and chemical) for effective and economical weed control (Swanton and Weise 1991). One of the first steps in designing an IWM program is to identify thecritical period for weed control(CPWC), defined as a period in the crop growth cycle during which weeds must be controlled to prevent crop yield los

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Abernathy, John R., and David C. Bridges. "Research Priority Dynamics in Weed Science." Weed Technology 8, no. 2 (June 1994): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00038999.

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For this presentation we would like to discuss some history of weeds and their control, the evolution of weed science, the development of herbicides and the changing dynamics of weed science research. As mentioned by previous speakers, weeds cause great loss to almost every crop production enterprise in the United States and around the world. Man has sought to control weeds by various methods including cultural practices, cultivation, hoeing, and with herbicides. Pioneer weed scientists were individuals trained in the areas of physiology, botany, and agronomy. They applied their knowledge and

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Propsom, Faye, and Emily Hoover. "Weed Seed Banks in Established Strawberry Fields." HortScience 33, no. 3 (June 1998): 459f—460. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.459f.

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Weed control in strawberries, either in a new planting or one that is established, is a major source of problems for growers in Minnesota. To control weeds, growers need to know which weeds are a problem, which weeds are deleterious, and which weeds have the potential to become a problem. Weeds present, soil type, and weed seed bank information are needed in order to predict potential weed problems. With different weed control practices applied between and within the rows, we assumed weed seed bank populations would vary. In addition, we were interested in seeing if the seed banks differed bet

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Menegat, Alexander, and Anders T. S. Nilsson. "Interaction of Preventive, Cultural, and Direct Methods for Integrated Weed Management in Winter Wheat." Agronomy 9, no. 9 (September 19, 2019): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090564.

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Crop rotations dominated by winter annual crops and relying on the use of herbicides to control weeds have resulted in weed communities dominated by a few highly specialized species such as Alopecurus myosuroides. Integrated weed management (IWM) represents a sensible strategy to target such difficult weeds, through a combination of preventive, cultural, and direct means. In six field trials over three years, we tested the effect of stale seedbed preparation, winter wheat seed rate, and chemical weed control strategy on Alopecurus myosuroides control efficacy and variability in efficacy. The f

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Uddin, Kamal, Shukor Juraimi, and Razi Ismail. "Weed management in tropical turfgrass areas: A review." Archives of Biological Sciences 64, no. 2 (2012): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1202597u.

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Cultural practices promoting vigorous, environmentally friendly dense turf are discussed. These are the most important and least recognized means of preventing weed establishment and encroachment which includes appropriate propagation material selection, sanitation and cultivation, adjustment of planting time, manual weed control (hand pulling, hoeing and rouging), turfgrass selection to better compete with weed populations, applying physiological stresses, fertilizer management, moisture management, mowing, and irrigation with salt water. Cultural management of weed is important because it re

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Kowalewski, Alexander R., Ronald N. Calhoun, Aaron D. Hathaway, and John N. Rogers. "Using Cultural Practices and Leaf Mulch to Control Weeds in Established Turfgrass." Applied Turfgrass Science 7, no. 1 (2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/ats-2010-0416-01-rs.

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Kremer, Robert J., and Ann C. Kennedy. "Rhizobacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Weeds." Weed Technology 10, no. 3 (September 1996): 601–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00040525.

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There is a current need to develop alternative weed management techniques in response to demands for reduction in herbicide use due mainly to health and environmental concerns. Therefore, all possible nonchemical strategies for weed control should be considered, including biological control. Deleterious rhizobacteria (DRB), largely overlooked as potential biological control agents for weeds until recently, are able to colonize root surfaces of weed seedlings and suppress plant growth. Limited field studies indicate that DRB suppressed weed growth, and reduced weed density, biomass, and seed pr

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Adewale Osipitan, O. "Weed Interference and Control in Cowpea Production: A Review." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 12 (November 15, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n12p11.

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In spite of the great economic potential of cowpea as both domestic and commercial crop, a number of constraints, which include insect pests, diseases and weeds, limits its production in West and many parts of Africa. Weeds reduced cowpea yield and value by competing for light, water and nutrients. Cowpea suffers from weeds particularly when the crop is in the early growth stages before ground cover. Yield losses cause by weeds alone in cowpea production can be as high as 76% depending on the cowpea cultivar, environment and weed management practices. A timely weed removal at the critical peri

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Hill, JE, RJ Jr Smith, and DE Bayer. "Rice weed control: current technology and emerging issues in temperate rice." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 34, no. 7 (1994): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9941021.

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Among temperate rice areas, the United States and Australia are most similar in climate and in the mechanisation of rice culture. Many weed problems, even weed species invading rice, are common to both countries; and the present technology for weed control as well as concern for the impact of these technologies to environmental quality, herbicide resistance, and other weed-related issues bear many similarities. Application of current, and any new, technologies to emerging issues in US rice weed control will therefore be directly relevant to rice production in Australia and all other temperate

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Gazoulis, Ioannis, Panagiotis Kanatas, Panayiota Papastylianou, Alexandros Tataridas, Efthymia Alexopoulou, and Ilias Travlos. "Weed Management Practices to Improve Establishment of Selected Lignocellulosic Crops." Energies 14, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 2478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092478.

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Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the dominant renewable energy resources suited for the production of sustainable biofuels and other energy purposes. This study was focused on weed management strategies that can improve the establishment of six lignocellulosic crops. The studied crops included: giant miscanthus, switchgrass, giant reed, cardoon, sweet sorghum, and kenaf. Delayed planting, increased planting densities, and mulching techniques can suppress weeds in giant miscanthus. Weed competition is detrimental for switchgrass establishment. Seedbed preparation and cultivar selection can det

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Miller, Timothy W. "Integrated Strategies for Management of Perennial Weeds." Invasive Plant Science and Management 9, no. 2 (June 2016): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-15-00037.1.

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Multiple weed control strategies employed in combination can often aid the successful management of perennial weed species. This review article provides examples of integrated control programs that could aid in the management of several invasive perennial weed species that are problematic in the Pacific Northwest and elsewhere in North America. The development of an integrated management control program for wild chervil, a relatively recent invader to the Pacific Northwest of the United States and adjacent Canada, provides an example for this process. Through use of mechanical (mowing and till

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Kitiş, Yasin Emre, Onur Kolören, and Feyzullah Nezihi Uygur. "Yeni Tesis Mandalina Bahçesinde Malç Tekstili Uygulamasının Yabancı Ot Kontrolü ve Mandalina Gelişimine Etkileri." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 6 (July 12, 2017): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i6.568-580.729.

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In this study, material that we call mulch textile was investigated as compared with conventional polyethylene mulch nylon and mechanical and chemical control that are widely used in farmer’s conditions to weed control in newly established citrus orchards. Two different thickness of polyethylene mulch, three different thickness of mulch textiles, mowing and herbicide (glyphosate) applications were made in newly established mandarin orchard in a three-year-period (2004-2005-2006). Effects of the applications on density and coverage of weeds and height, stem thickness and leaf area of cultural p

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Byrne, R., J. Spink, R. Freckleton, P. Neve, and S. Barth. "A critical review of integrated grass weed management in Ireland." Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research 57, no. 1 (April 10, 2018): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijafr-2018-0003.

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AbstractGrass weeds affect arable crops throughout the world, inflicting yield penalties, reducing crop quality and taking available nutrients away from the growing crop. Recently in Ireland, the presence of herbicide resistance in grass weeds has been noted. In order to preserve the sustainability of crop production in Ireland, an integrated pest management approach must be implemented. How this applies to control grass weeds was the focus of this review. Here we examined the state of current research into grass weed biology and the nature of herbicide resistance, identifying gaps in research

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Castro, Y. O., S. D. Cavalieri, M. P. Santos, A. Golynski, and A. R. Nascimento. "Integrated weed management on the processing tomato crop and tomato for consumption in natura." Scientific Electronic Archives 9, no. 5 (November 17, 2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/952016285.

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Weeds cause direct and indirect damage to processing tomato and tomato for consumption in natura. The coexistence period is decisive for the intensity of damage, although the economic cost is also considered for decision making when to control the weeds. There are similarities between processing tomato and tomato for consumption in natura cropping system and peculiarities. This causes the management has adopted its common applications and its variables within each system. As control alternative, the farmer has basically the preventive control, mechanical, cultural, biological and chemical. The

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KANATAS, Panagiotis, Ilias TRAVLOS, Panayiota PAPASTYLIANOU, Ioannis GAZOULIS, Ioanna KAKABOUKI, and Anastasia TSEKOURA. "Yield, quality and weed control in soybean crop as affected by several cultural and weed management practices." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha48111823.

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In the field of Agricultural University of Athens, the effects of false seedbed technique, stale seedbed, chemical and ecologically based control on weed growth and soybean yield were evaluated (2019). The experimental treatments were: normal seedbed, normal seedbed along with pre-emergence chemical control, false seedbed, stale seedbed with glyphosate and stale seedbed with pelargonic acid. In the plots of normal seedbed along with pre-emergence chemical control, pendimethalin was applied at rate of 1560 g a.i. ha-1. In the plots of stale seedbed with glyphosate, glyphosate was applied at a r

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Mai, Tarun R., Jon Lovett-Doust, Lesley Lovett-Doust, and G. A. Mulligan. "The biology of Canadian weeds. 100. Lythrum salicaria." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 1305–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps92-164.

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Lythrum salicaria is a serious weed of wetlands in Canada, particularly in Ontario and Quebec. Indeed some assessments suggest that this exotic is now responsible for the conversion of more wetland habitat than is current human development pressure¡ Lythrum is a heterostylous species and clones by means of root buds. Despite its tristylous breeding system, Lythrum is a successful colonizer, and can produce prodigious numbers of seeds. It is likely that control can be achieved by hand-pulling in low-density populations, but once the species is established it generally becomes abundant and often

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Harker, K. Neil, John T. O'Donovan, T. Kelly Turkington, Robert E. Blackshaw, Newton Z. Lupwayi, Elwin G. Smith, Eric N. Johnson, et al. "Diverse Rotations and Optimal Cultural Practices Control Wild Oat (Avena fatua)." Weed Science 64, no. 1 (March 2016): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-15-00133.1.

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In western Canada, more money is spent on wild oat herbicides than on any other weed species, and wild oat resistance to herbicides is the most widespread resistance issue. A direct-seeded field experiment was conducted from 2010 to 2014 at eight Canadian sites to determine crop life cycle, crop species, crop seeding rate, crop usage, and herbicide rate combination effects on wild oat management and canola yield. Combining 2× seeding rates of early-cut barley silage with 2× seeding rates of winter cereals and excluding wild oat herbicides for 3 of 5 yr (2011 to 2013) often led to similar wild

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Vizantinopoulos, Spyros, and Nikos Katranis. "Integrated Weed Control Management in Soybeans (Glycine max) in Greece." Weed Technology 8, no. 3 (September 1994): 541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00039658.

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Field experiments were conducted in 1988, 1989, and 1990 in Greece to investigate the combination of cultural and chemical methods for weed control in soybean. The selectivity of herbicides or the combination of herbicides used was dependent on application rate. Imazaquin applied PRE was selective on soybean even at 0.18 kg/ha, whereas imazethapyr was safer on soybean than imazaquin at 0.22 kg/ha. Metribuzin at 0.37 kg/ha tank-mixed with alachlor, metolachlor, imazaquin, and SAN 582H were not phytotoxic at their recommended rates. All herbicides satisfactorily controlled the weeds in the exper

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Boyetchko, S. M. "Impact of soil microorganisms on weed biology and ecology." Comptes rendus 77, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706099ar.

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While weed populations have traditionally been controlled by chemical and cultural methods, inundative biological control with microbial agents offers an additional strategy for managing weeds. Foliar pathogens have long been sought after as potential biocontrol agents, but rhizosphere microorganisms and their influence on weed growth and development have been ignored until recently. Rhizosphere soil is replete with a variety of microorganisms such as rhizobacteria, pathogenic soil-borne fungi, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, all of which have a direct or indirect impact on weeds and their c

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Hossain, MM, M. Begum, MM Rahman, and MM Akanda. "Weed management on direct-seeded rice system - a review." Progressive Agriculture 27, no. 1 (April 29, 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v27i1.27526.

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In direct seeded rice (DSR) cultivation systems, rice and weed seedlings emerge simultaneously and there is no standing water to suppress weed emergence and growth at crop emergence. For this reason, weeds are considered one of the major biological constraints in DSR and cause a substantial rice yield loss. Weeds are mainly controlled using herbicides or manually. However, manual weeding is becoming less effective because of labor crisis at critical times and increased labor costs. Herbicides are replacing manual weeding as they are easy to use but there are concerns about the sole use of herb

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Sønderskov, Mette, Gayle J. Somerville, Myrtille Lacoste, Jens Erik Jensen, and Niels Holst. "DK-RIM: Assisting Integrated Management of Lolium multiflorum, Italian Ryegrass." Agronomy 10, no. 6 (June 16, 2020): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060856.

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Lolium multiflorum (annual Italian ryegrass) and other grass weeds are an increasing problem in cereal cropping systems in Denmark. Grass weeds are highly competitive and an increasing number of species develop resistance against the most commonly used herbicide modes of action. A diverse management strategy provides a better overall control of grass weeds and decreases the reliance on herbicides. The bio-economic decision support system, DK-RIM (Denmark-Ryegrass Integrated Management), was developed to assist integrated management of L. multiflorum in Danish cropping systems, based on the Aus

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Saner, Marc A., David R. Clements, Michael R. Hall, Douglas J. Doohan, and Clifford W. Crompton. "The biology of Canadian weeds. 105. Linaria vulgaris Mill." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, no. 2 (April 1, 1995): 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-092.

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Yellow toadflax, Linaria vulgaris Mill. (Scrophulariaceae), is a weed of rangelands and agricultural crops. Introduced from Eurasia into North America more than 300 yr ago, it is now naturalized in all provinces and territories up to 60° northern latitude and beyond 2000 m altitude. It became a concern in the middle of this century when it invaded the prairies. Its seriousness as a weed declined in the late 1950s, possibly as a result of biological control. Concern has been renewed recently because the adoption of minimum tillage techniques could lead to greater abundance. Reproduction is vigo

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Smith, Roy J. "Biological Control of Northern Jointvetch (Aeschynomene virginica) in Rice (Oryza sativa) and Soybeans (Glycine max) — a Researcher's View." Weed Science 34, S1 (1986): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500068314.

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Weed control strategies for rice (Oryza sativaL.) and soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] emphasize integration of cultural and chemical practices (16, 30, 31). Numerous herbicides are registered and used as preplant, preemergence, or post-emergence applications for control of weeds in rice and soybean (3, 16, 25). Although these herbicide treatments control most of the problem weeds in rice and soybean, most fail to control northern jointvetch [Aeschynomene virginica(L.) B.S.P. # AESVI] in either crop. The two most effective herbicides, 2,4,5-T [2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) acetic acid] and silvex

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Johnson, Mark S., and Steven A. Fennimore. "Weed and Crop Response to Colored Plastic Mulches in Strawberry Production." HortScience 40, no. 5 (August 2005): 1371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.5.1371.

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The phase out of methyl bromide has forced strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duchesne) growers to consider the use of cultural methods such as colored mulches to enhance weed control. Black plastic mulch controls most weeds; however, black mulch often does not warm the soil as well as clear mulch. Soil warming with clear mulch is desirable for early season markets, but clear mulch does not control weeds. Neither black nor clear mulches combine the ideal weed control and soil warming characteristics required. Seven colored mulches, as well as clear, black and no mulch were evaluated in California

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Vangessel, Mark J., and Karen A. Renner. "Effect of Soil Type, Hilling Time, and Weed Interference on Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Development and Yield." Weed Technology 4, no. 2 (June 1990): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00025434.

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‘Atlantic’ and ‘Russet Burbank’ potato cultivars were grown on mineral and organic soils either with or without weeds and were hilled at two stages of potato development (potatoes cracking through the soil and potatoes 30 cm tall). A single hilling procedure was not adequate in either year for full-season weed control. Early hilling suppressed weeds and increased tuber yields more than conventional hilling on mineral soils in 1988 only. Early hilling tended to increase the relative biomass of C4weeds compared to C3weeds for both soils. Weeds reduced aboveground potato biomass on mineral and mu

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Chauhan, Bhagirath S., and Seth B. Abugho. "Weed Management in Mechanized-Sown, Zero-Till Dry-Seeded Rice." Weed Technology 27, no. 1 (March 2013): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-12-00088.1.

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Weeds are the main constraint in the adoption of zero-till, dry-seeded rice systems because weeds and rice emerge simultaneously in these systems, and there is no standing water at crop establishment to suppress weeds. A study was conducted during the wet season of 2011 and the dry season of 2012 at the International Rice Research Institute to evaluate the performance of different herbicides in mechanized-sown, zero-till dry-seeded rice. Among the treatments evaluated, oxadiazon followed by penoxsulam + cyhalofop followed by one hand-weeding at 42 d after sowing, provided 23 to 35% higher yiel

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Lemerle, D., B. Verbeek, and S. Diffey. "Influences of field pea (Pisum sativum) density on grain yield and competitiveness with annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 11 (2006): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04233.

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The variation in field pea grain yield and competitiveness with annual ryegrass due to crop density, row spacing and cultivar was determined to enable farmers to better manage weeds with cultural control tactics. Crop density varied with seeding rate, cultivar, row spacing and year. Higher seeding rates were required to reach equivalent plant densities in cv. Dinkum (short, semi-leafless) compared with cv. Dundale (tall, conventional-leaf), and at 36 cm compared with 18 cm row spacing. Field pea grain yield was reduced more at low crop densities, in Dinkum, at 36 cm row spacing, and in the pre

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Royo-Esnal, Aritz, and Francisco Valencia-Gredilla. "Camelina as a Rotation Crop for Weed Control in Organic Farming in a Semiarid Mediterranean Climate." Agriculture 8, no. 10 (October 6, 2018): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8100156.

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Crop rotation in winter cereals in semiarid Mediterranean climates is highly desirable to prevent weed infestations, but the climatic conditions make it difficult to implement alternative crops to winter cereals. Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) is an interesting option, as it is able to produce profitable yields thanks to its tolerance to cold and drought. In this work, three autumn–winter sowing dates (SD1, October; SD2, December; SD3, January) and two sowing rates (R1, 8 kg ha–1; R2, 11 kg ha–1) were chosen to evaluate the effectiveness of these cultural methods to control weeds over

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Stoller, Edward W., Loyd M. Wax, and David M. Alm. "Survey Results on Environmental Issues and Weed Science Research Priorities within the Corn Belt." Weed Technology 7, no. 3 (September 1993): 763–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00037684.

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A survey determined the views of individuals in seven groups comprising the weed science community in the corn belt (primarily in Illinois) for importance of 8 environmental and 14 crop production issues and 16 weed species in setting weed science research priorities for the next 3 to 5 yr. The survey also considered if funding of research to solve these environmental and production issues should be from the private or public sector. Velvetleaf, foxtail species, and common lambsquarters were considered the top three weed species by all respondents, and each of these weeds was among the five mo

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WARWICK, S. I., L. D. BLACK, and B. F. ZILKEY. "BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 72. Apera spica-venti." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 65, no. 3 (July 1, 1985): 711–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps85-091.

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Apera spica-venti (silky bentgrass), a major weed of winter cereals in Europe for many years, has recently become established as a weed of winter cereals in three counties in southern Ontario. A review of the literature on the biology of the species is presented. Occurring on light sandy loam soils which are under a rotational tobacco/winter-cereal cropping system, infestations of silky bentgrass may result in considerable crop losses, particularly in winter-wheat. Several features contribute to the successful establishment and spread of the species: a winter annual habit concordant with the p

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MARQUES, LUIZ JUNIOR PEREIRA, SILVANO BIANCO, ARTHUR BERNARDES CECÍLIO FILHO, MATHEUS SARAIVA BIANCO, and GISLANE DA SILVA LOPES. "WEED INTERFERENCE IN EGGPLANT CROPS." Revista Caatinga 30, no. 4 (December 2017): 866–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n406rc.

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ABSTRACT Uncontrolled weed growth interferes with the growth eggplants and crop yields. To control weeds, the main weed species must be identified in crop growing areas and during weed control periods, as weed species might vary in relation to management practices. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the main weed species and determine the periods of weed interference in the eggplant cultivar Nápoli when grown under certain cultural practices, including plant staking and sprout thinning. The experiment was carried out in 2014 using a randomized complete block design, with 3 replications. T

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Johnson, W. Carroll, Mark A. Boudreau, and Jerry W. Davis. "Cultural Practices to Improve In-Row Weed Control with Cultivation in Organic Peanut Production." Weed Technology 26, no. 4 (December 2012): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-12-00019.1.

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Cultivation is a proven means of weed control in organic peanut. However, weeds present in-row often escape control. Research trials were conducted in Ty Ty, GA to modify cultural practices to help suppress weed emergence in-row. Modified cultural practices were three row pattern/seeding rate combinations; twin rows (four rows on a seedbed) seeded at the recommended (1X) seeding rate that produced 13 seed m−1in each row, twin rows seeded at the 2X seeding rate that produced 23 seed m−1in each row, and wide rows (two rows on seedbed) seeded at the recommended seeding rate that produced 23 seed

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Tautges, Nicole E., Jessica R. Goldberger, and Ian C. Burke. "A Survey of Weed Management in Organic Small Grains and Forage Systems in the Northwest United States." Weed Science 64, no. 3 (September 2016): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-15-00186.1.

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A lack of information regarding weed control, relative to conventional systems, has left organic growers largely on their own when devising weed management systems for organic crops. As interest in organic weed management increases, researchers need more information regarding the type and number of weed control practices undertaken on organic farms. A survey of certified organic growers was conducted in five states in the northwest United States to identify organic weed management programs and what grower and farm-operation characteristics were factors in weed management program design. Three

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Woo, S. L., V. L. Harms, A. G. Thomas, D. P. Peschken, G. G. Bowes, D. W. Douglas, and A. S. McClay. "The biology of Canadian weeds. 99. Matricaria perforata Mérat (Asteraceae)." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71, no. 4 (October 1, 1991): 1101–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-153.

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Scentless chamomile, Matricaria perforata Mérat, (=M. maritima var. agrestis (Knaf) Wilmott), is an introduced weed having an annual to short-lived perennial life cycle. Two cytotype races are found in Canada with a distinctive geographic distribution. The tetraploid (2n = 36) is abundant in agricultural habitats of the Prairie region, whereas the diploid (2n = 18) is found mainly in ruderal habitats of the Atlantic region. Infestations are found in many annual and perennial crops, pastures, wasteland, lawns, gardens, roadsides, fence lines, and ditches. The plant reproduces entirely by seed,

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McElroy, J. S., and D. Martins. "Use of herbicides on turfgrass." Planta Daninha 31, no. 2 (June 2013): 455–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582013000200024.

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In crop production, weeds must be controlled so as not to adversely affect crop yield and crop quality. Thus, a low level of weeds infesting a field, in most instances, is not a problem. Except in sod or seed production, turfgrass does not have a yield component. The value of turfgrass is its inherent aesthetic quality and usability. Aesthetic quality is the beauty and value that turfgrass adds to a managed landscape. Usability can be the durability of a sport field, trueness of golf putting green roll, or reduction in soil loss from water runoff or wind. Any weed presence in turfgrass can dec

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Johnson, W. Carroll, and Jerry W. Davis. "Effects of Peanut Stand Uniformity and Herbicide Regime on Weed Management and Yield." Peanut Science 43, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps15-14.1.

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ABSTRACT Crop stand directly affects ability of any crop to compete with weeds. To capture this form of cultural weed control, final crop stands need to be uniform. Peanut stands are frequently non-uniform, despite the use of precision vacuum planters. Trials were conducted from 2009 through 2011 in Tifton, GA to determine the effect of non-uniform peanut stands on weed control, grade, and marketable peanut yield. Non-uniform peanut stands were established by modifying vacuum planter discs that created skips 18 cm wide and 36 cm wide at regular intervals and compared with peanut at a uniform s

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Shem-Tov, Shachar, Steve A. Fennimore, and W. Thomas Lanini. "Weed Management in Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) with Preplant Irrigation." Weed Technology 20, no. 4 (December 2006): 1058–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-05-085.1.

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During dry weather, preplant irrigation of raised beds followed by shallow tillage to create a smooth planting bed is necessary to establish a good lettuce stand. Depletion of germinable weed seeds in the top 5 cm of soil by the sequence of preplant irrigation, followed 7 to 14 d later by shallow tillage to prepare a seedbed, reduces weed density in the subsequent crop. Preplant irrigation and tillage reduces weed density and, when used together with preplant herbicide, provides effective weed control in the cropping season. Preplant and in-crop weed densities resulting from furrow or sprinkle

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Anderson, R. L. "Cultural Systems Can Reduce Reproductive Potential of Winter Annual Grasses." Weed Technology 11, no. 3 (September 1997): 608–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045504.

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Feral rye and jointed goatgrass are winter annual grasses that infest winter wheat in the western United States. Currently, no herbicides are available that selectively control these weeds in wheat. Because of this constraint, producers need cultural practices that reduce the seed densities of these two grasses in the soil seedbank. This research shows that applying nitrogen 5 mo before wheat planting and increasing the seeding rate with a tall wheat cultivar reduces seed production per plant of either species by > 40%. However, tall wheat cultivars usually yield less grain than semidwarf c

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Gage, Karla L., and Lauren M. Schwartz-Lazaro. "Shifting the Paradigm: An Ecological Systems Approach to Weed Management." Agriculture 9, no. 8 (August 13, 2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9080179.

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Weeds have been historically, and are still today, the primary and most economically important pest in agriculture. Several selection pressures associated with weed management, such as an overreliance on herbicides, have promoted the rapid evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds. Integrated Weed Management (IWM) is promoted as an ecological systems approach, through the combination of biological, chemical, cultural, ecological, and mechanical control methods. The concept of a systems approach is defined as managing weeds by combining practice and knowledge with the goals of increasing yield and

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Johnson, W. Carroll, and Benjamin G. Mullinix. "Stale seedbed weed control in cucumber." Weed Science 46, no. 6 (December 1998): 698–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500089736.

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Field studies were conducted from 1995 to 1997 near Tifton, GA, to determine the benefits of stale seedbed weed control in cucumber. Three stale seedbed management systems—(1) power till stale seedbeds twice (2 ×), (2) glyphosate application immediately after planting, and (3) combination system of stale seedbeds power tilled once 2 wk prior to planting followed by glyphosate application immediately after planting cucumber—were evaluated as main plots. Subplots were weed management systems after planting cucumber: intensive, basic, and cultivation alone. Weed densities were generally greater i

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SHARMA, M. P. "THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 74. Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 381–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-052.

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Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn, is an annual plant that has been grown as food for human and domestic animal consumption in the Canadian maritime provinces, but it is a serious weed in north central and north eastern Alberta and in certain parts of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The weed occurs in a wide variety of habitats, including spring cereal and oilseed crop fields, waste places and roadsides. It causes reduced crop yields, dockage losses, cleaning costs, lowering of grade and quality, and necessitates costly chemical and cultural control measures. Fagopyrum tataricum seeds are difficult t

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BERNASOR, P. C., and S. K. DATTA. "Chemical and cultural control of bulrush (Scirpus maritimus L.) and annual weeds in lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.)." Weed Research 26, no. 4 (August 1986): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1986.tb00702.x.

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Levy, Ronald J., Jason A. Bond, Eric P. Webster, James L. Griffin, and Steven D. Linscombe. "Effect of Cultural Practices on Weed Control and Crop Response in Imidazolinone-Tolerant Rice." Weed Technology 20, no. 1 (March 2006): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-05-099r.1.

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Field research was conducted for 3 yr to evaluate crop response and weed control under conventional and reduced tillage in drill- and water-seeded imidazolinone-tolerant (IT) rice culture. Imazethapyr was applied at 70 g ai/ha PRE followed by (fb) imazethapyr at 70 g/ha applied POST to three- to four-leaf rice or at 105 g/ha PRE fb 70 g/ha POST. In both conventional and reduced tillage systems, imazethapyr applied PRE fb POST at 70 g ai/ha controlled red rice, barnyardgrass, Amazon sprangletop, and rice flatsedge 87 to 99% 35 d after POST treatment (DAT). At 35 DAT, Indian jointvetch control w

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