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1
Владимиров and Sergey Vladimirov. "Agroecological assessment of new varieties of potatoes in the middle Volga steppe." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, no. 3 (2013): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1359.
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The implementation of potato potential yield (30-40 tons per hectare) in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga is possible with the introduction of highly adapted varieties, the use of evidence-based farming cultivation. The authors studied the efficiency of promising new varieties of potatoes on gray forest soils in the Republic of Tatarstan. It was founded that when treating by calculated dozes of fertilizer potatoes of Rozhdestvenskiy, Impala, Sprint, Feloks, Red Skarlet varieties on gray forest soils of the Middle Volga steppe on average for three years the planned harvest tubers 40 or more tons per hectare was formed. The yield of Aroza, Nevskiy, Adretta varieties was 36,51-37,30 tons per hectare. In the more favorable moisture 2009 year, the high yields of tubers were formed by varieties: early-maturing Impala (58.35 tons per hectare), Red Skarlet (57.02 tons per hectare), Feloks (55.83 tons per hectare), middle-maturing Adretta (57,22 tons per hectare), Rozhdestvenskiy (56.13 tons per hectare). In drought 2010 year, in the application of irrigation higher yields of tubers formed early-maturing varieties: Sprint (21.52 tons per hectare), Red Skarlet (21.06 tons per hectare), Impala (20.59 tons per hectare) and Aroza (20.53 tons per hectare) and middle-maturing variety Nevskiy (21.74 tons per hectare). Less yields in 2010 were such varieties as Adretta - middle-maturing (14.58 tons per hectare) early-maturing Rokko (13.67 tons per hectare). The difference in yield of these varieties in this year reached 7.16 tons per hectare, the higher yield more than 20 tons per hectare was provided by 5 species of 9 studied (20,53-21,74 tons per hectare).
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Astaf'ev, V. L., R. F. Tashmukhamedov, and U. V. Zhivul'ko. "Parameters Substantiation of Headers and Reaper-Headers for Various Classes Combine Harvesters in the Incomplete Loading Mode of the Thresher." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 15, no. 1 (2021): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-1-34-40.
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The authors showed that in Kazakhstan northern region grain harvesters of 4, 5 and 6 classes did not provide the required level of productivity due to low yields. Longer harvesting period increased product losses. It was found that the harvesting machines were working in the incomplete loading mode of the thresher. The authors revealed the discrepancy between the standard sizes of the used reaping machines and regional zonal features.(Research purpose) To substantiate the parameters of headers and reaper-headers for combine harvesters in the incomplete loading mode of the thresher.(Materials and methods) The authors performed technical and economic calculations according to the criterion of operating costs for direct combining with a yield of 0.5 to 2.5 tons per hectare. The calculation was carried out for combine harvesters Vector-410 (class 4), Acros-550 (class 5), Essil-760 (class 6), aggregated with headers of different working widths.(Results and discussion) The authors determined that for the combine Vector-410 the rational width of the header was 9 meters in the yield range of 0.5-1.5 tons per hectare, and with a yield of 2.0-2.5 tons per hectare – 7-9 meters. For the combine Acros-550 the rational width of the reaper-header was 16 meters with a yield of 0.5-1.0 tons per hectare, with 1.5 tons per hectare - 9-12 meters, and with 2.0-2.5 tons per hectare – 7-9 meters. For the combine Essil-760 these values were 16; 12 and 9 meters respectively.(Conclusions) It was found that when comparing grain harvesters of 4, 5 and 6 classes with a yield of 0.5-2.0 tons per hectare, the lowest operating costs were provided by Acros-550 and Essil-760; with a yield of 2.0 tons per hectare - Vector-410; with a yield of 2.5 tons per hectare the Acros-550 was more effective.
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Замалиева, Фания, Faniya Zamalieva, Гульгуна Сафиуллина, et al. "ALGORITHM OF RECEIVING HIGH YIELD OF POTATOES." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 1 (2018): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5afafeab0714b6.22484609.
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The potato yield, planned on the basis of calculated methods of fertilizer application, in practice can fluctuate over a wide range. Many factors influence the increase in the removal of nutrients and potato yields. One of the most important factors for potatoes, as a vegetatively propagated culture, is the quality of the seed material. The purpose of the research was to substantiate the algorithm for obtaining high potato yields on the basis of determining the influence on the productivity of quality factors of seed material, the background of fertilizers, irrigation, the use of chemical etchant and biologically active preparations. Experiments of Kortni and Nevskiy varieties were conducted in Laishevsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. It was revealed that in gray forest soils under experimental conditions, the optimal background of fertilizers with the main application on the bog was N120P140K140, on irrigation - N100P120K120. Higher doses of fertilizers on irrigation and on the bog caused lower yields. The use of the Maksim chemical preservative on the bog in the arid conditions of the year increased productivity by 6.0 ... 12.0%, on irrigation - reduced by 18.0 ... 24.6%. Biologically active preparations increased productivity in moist soil by 14.0 ... 17.0%. The consistent increase in the yield of a healthy seed of Kortni variety occurred under the influence of factors: the quality of seed material - from 10 to 15.5 tons per hectare - by 55%, the background of fertilizers N100P120K120- from 15.5 to 26.3 tons per hectare - by 70% irrigation - from 26.3 to 54.0 tons per hectare - by 105.3%, treatment with zircon - from 54.0 to 61.5 tons per hectare - by 14%. Against the backdrop nutrition of N100P120K120, calculated to yield of 20 tons per hectare, with additional factors, a yield of 61.5 tons per hectare (+ 208%) was obtained. In the degenerate seed material of Nevskiy variety, the increase in productivity with the progressive use of factors occurred to a much lesser extent: from the quality of the seed material - from 10.0 to 12.0 tons per hectare - by 20%, the fertilizer background N100P120K120 - from 12 to 17.5 tons per hectare - by 46%, irrigation - from 17.5 to 23 tons per hectare by 31.4%. Against the nutrition backdrop of N100P120K120, calculated to yield of 20 tons per hectare, Nevskiy yielded 23 tons per hectare (+ 15%). The importance of seed quality is a key in obtaining high yields of potatoes. In healthy seed potatoes, with additional factors - irrigation, fertilizers, BAP - much higher yields are created, compared to the addition of the degenerate seed material under the same conditions. On the basis of the obtained results, the following algorithm for applying the factors for obtaining high potato productivity is recommended: healthy seeds + irrigation + fertilizers + biologics.
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Чекмарев, Петр, Petr Chekmarev, Константин Владимиров, Konstantin Vladimirov, Александр Кокров, and Aleksandr Kokrov. "PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF POTATO TUBERS ON IRRIGATED SOILS DEPENDING ON AGROTECHNIC CULTIVATION WAYS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 12, no. 4 (2018): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a844870e59cd7.71464598.
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In modern conditions, one of the priority directions of potato growing is the selection of new highly productive varieties, resistant to the action of abiotic and biotic factors. When potatoes are cultivated, the optimization of mineral nutrition and the depth of planting of seed tubers is an important factor for obtaining sustainable yields. The experiments were laid on gray forest medium loamy granulometric composition of the soil of the forest steppe of the middle Volga region. It was established that the highest yield - 52.50 tons per hectare was formed when fertilizer doses (manure 50 tons per hectare + N135-153P135-145K179-184) were calculated for 50 tons per hectare of tubers, when planting to a depth of 8-10 cm. On tte background fertilization in a dose of manure 50 tons per hectare + N120P120K140 when planting at the same depth yield was 49.50 tons per hectare. On the variant with a planting to a depth of 6-8 cm, the yield of tubers was to 2.89 and 2.92 tons per hectare lower.
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Minikaev, Ragat, and Dinar Fatihov. "VALUE OF PREDECESSOR IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTENSIFICATION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 4 (2020): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2020-74-79.
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The article presents the results of a long-term analysis of the organization of the crop rotation system, saturated to varying degrees with grain crops in comparison with the permanent cultivation of winter wheat, barley and also permanent clean fallows on the gray forest soil of Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan. Crop rotations with clean and occupied fallows were studied: pure fallows-winter rye - spring wheat; vetch-oat mixture - winter rye - spring wheat; peas for grain - winter rye - spring wheat. The accounting area of the plots was 800 m2. The experiment was repeated three times; the options were randomized. The experience is based on two backgrounds of fertilizers: medium and high. Fertilizers were calculated by the calculation and balance method for a given yield. For the average background, the given pea yield per grain was 2.0 tons per hectare, vetch-oat mixture per green mass - 20.0 tons per hectare, winter rye - 2.5 tons per hectare. For an increased background, pea yield per grain was set at 3.0 tons per hectare, vetch-oat mixture per green mass - 28.0 tons per hectare, winter rye - 3.0 tons per hectare. A relatively high yield (3.7-3.9 tons per hectare) of pure steam on calculated fertilizer backgrounds was achieved due to uniform seed placement (91.9%), good field germination (85.4-88.4%) and more intensive growth and development of winter rye. However, it should be emphasized that the yield of winter rye in occupied pairs is not inferior to the yield in pure fallows in years with optimal moisture.
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Кокров, Александр, Aleksandr Kokrov, Марат Гайнутдинов, et al. "INFLUENCE OF CALCULATED BACKGROUNDS OF MINERAL NUTRITION AND PLANTING DENSITY ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF EARLY-MATURING POTATOES IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF MIDDLE VOLGA." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 3 (2018): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bcf5578364f87.48816749.
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Research was conducted to study the reaction of early varieties of Bellarosa potato to the application of calculated fertilizer doses and planting density in the conditions of the forest steppe of the Middle Volga region. Experiments were laid in 2012-2015 on gray forest soil of medium loamy granulometric composition, on the experimental field of the Transcaucasian Republic of Tatarstan. The article presents the results of 4 summer studies. It was established that the average yield for the 4 years was 41.17 tons per hectare, with a planting density of 66.6 thousand tubers against the background of nutrition, calculated to produce 40 tons per hectare. The introduction of calculated fertilizer doses for a potato yield of 30 tons per hectare, depending on the planting density, increased the productivity of tubers to 8.17-10.96 tons per hectare. The highest yield against this background – 31.18 tons per hectare on average for 4 years was formed at a density of planting 66,6 thousand pieces per hectare. It should be noted that the introduction of calculated fertilizers at this yield level increased the efficiency of increasing the density of planting, where the yield increase from this intake was 4.22 and 5.81 tons per hectare. The effectiveness of increasing the density of planting with a further increase in the background of nutrition was not so high. So, against the background of fertilizers calculated for yield of 35 tons per hectare, the increase from the increase in the density of planting to 60.6 and 66.6 thousand, compared to 55.5 thousand pieces per hectare, was 1.62 and 2.62 tons per hectare. Against the background, calculated for harvesting 40 tons per hectare on average over 4 years, an additional 1.60 and 2.90 tons per hectare of tubers were obtained.
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Сержанов, Игорь, Igor Serzhanov, Фарит Шайхутдинов, et al. "CROP PROPERTIES AND QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT SEEDS DEPENDING ON THE FOOD BACKGROUND IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 2 (2019): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5d3e15bde73a94.15332321.
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The article presents the results of studies on the effect of nutritional background on productivity and quality of spring soft wheat seeds of Yoldyz variety. The agrometeorological conditions of the growing season had a decisive influence on the harvest of spring wheat. In more favorable weather conditions in 2017 and 2018 years, the difference in yield compared to the dry 2016 was 0.4-0.42 tons and 0.48-0.59 per hectare on fertilized backgrounds. The use of calculated rates of fertilizers for 3 tons per hectare of grain contributed to an increase in yield of 0.55 tons per hectare. A further increase in the fertilizer dose to obtain 4 tons per hectare of grain did not give a significant increase to the fertilizer background of 3 tons per hectare. The level of mineral nutrition has improved the seed sowing qualities. With an estimated nutrition level of 3 tons per hectare, on average for three years, the seed germination energy increased by 4.8% compared to the control, on the 4 tons per hectare variant - 5.2%, laboratory germination, respectively, by 1.8-1, 4%, growth rate - 4.1-5.7 percent. Seeds grown on fertilized backgrounds per 3 and 4 tons per hectare of spring wheat grain had increased yield properties. The yield increase to the control was 0.67-0.75 tons per hectare. Under the conditions of gray forest soils of Kama of the Republic of Tatarstan, spring wheat of Yoldyz variety should be grown on seed crops at the background of the application of calculated norms for fertilizers of 3 tons per hectare of grain.
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Чекмарев, Petr Chekmarev, Мостякова, Antonina Mostyakova, Владимиров, and Vladimir Vladimirov. "MANAGEMENT OF POTATO PRODUCTIVITY WITH THE USE OF GROWTH REGULATORS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE AREA OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 10, no. 3 (2015): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14784.
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The study of growth regulators efficiency in the cultivation of early-maturing potato of Red Scarlett variety was conducted on gray forest soil of Kama of the Republic of Tatarstan. The reaction of the new early maturing potato of Red Scarlett variety was examined, when assessing ways to use drugs Silk and Albit (soaking seed tubers, foliage cultivation, combined processing (tuber + foliage twice).
 It was found, that the use of growth regulators of Silk for the treatment of tubers before planting, depending on the nutrition background, increased the productivity tubers to 2.33 – 3.32 tons per hectare, Albit drug application increased the harvest to 1.55-1.70 tons per hectare. Foliar treatment by Silk twice during the growing season has increased the yield by 3.31-4.05 tons per hectare, by Albit by 2.30-3.16 tons per hectare. When complete machining (tubers + tops) respectively by 5.18-7.16 and 4.16-5.20 tons per hectare. The most efficient option was at the processing of tubers + twice vegetative plant with growth regulator Silk in the background of calculated dozes applicant, rated on the tuber yield of 30 tons per hectare, when yield increase was 7.16 tons per hectare.
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Amirov, Marat, Farit Shaikhutdinov, Igor Serzhanov, and Albina Serzhanova. "Main directions of development of agro-technologies for production of spring wheat species for sustainable agriculture in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700071.
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The article presents the results of research conducted in different soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region on the influence of regulated factors, as well as environmental factors on the production process of plants of various types of spring wheat. The amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is enough to obtain yields within 12–13 tons of dry biomass or 6–7 tons of grain. Natural precipitation is able to provide 3.82–4.36 t of spring wheat grain from 1 ha, and 4.5–6.3 t/ha by the total influence of solar energy, heat and moisture supply. Natural level of soil fertility without application of organic and mineral fertilizers allows to receive about 2 tons of spring wheat grain from 1 ha. Application of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac water (N-20.5 %) increased the yield in comparison with the use of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac saltpeter: the increase was 0.14 t per 1 ha. In the conditions of grey forest soil in the Predkamye region of the Republic of Tatarstan the optimal norm of sowing of spring wheat Triticum dicoccum Schuebl (spelt) depending on the feeding background was established. Growth of yield at sowing of 6 million seeds per hectare at all levels of nutrition in comparison with sowing rate of 4 million tons per hectare was 0.18 tons per hectare against the natural background, against the estimated background of NRC on 2.0 tons of grain – 0.19 tons and 2.5 tons of grain – 0.24 tons per hectare. The maximum yield increase was received at a combination of a mineral foodstuff with an optimum norm of sowing and has made on a settlement background 2 tons of grain from hectare – 0.20 tons, on 2.5 tons of grain – 0.34 tons from hectare. Thus, the aim of our research was to develop methods of growing high yielding quality grain of different types of wheat adapted to the conditions of forest-steppe in the Volga region.
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Мостякова, Антонина, Antonina Mostyakova, Константин Владимиров, et al. "PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF TUBERS OF EARLY-MATURING POTATOES IN THE PREPARATION OF CALCULATING DOSES OF FERTILIZERS AND IRRIGATION." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 12, no. 4 (2018): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a8426be7f1298.78237334.
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The studies were carried out to determine the effectiveness of applying calculated doses of fertilizers to the planned potato tuber yields of the early-ripening Molly and Colette group in the conditions of the forest steppe of the middle Volga region. The influence of mineral nutrition backgrounds, calculated on obtaining tuber yields of 25, 35 and 45 tons per hectare in comparison with the unapproved control, has been studied. The analysis of the leaf area dynamics of potato plants, the parameters of the leaf photosynthetic potential, the coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation factor showed that these indicators of photosynthetic activity are directly dependent on the level of mineral nutrition. Against the background of natural fertility, the Molly variety produced 16.76 tons of tubers per hectare and 18.32 tons of the Colette variety. Fertilizers, calculated for 25-45 tons of tubers per hectare, ensured the formation of Molly 28.23-43.57 t ons per hectare, Colette - 29.72-42.54 tons per hectare. The introduction of calculated doses of fertilizers at 25 and 35 tons of tubers per hectare did not result in a significant decrease in the starch content in the tubers, and the doses that were calculated for a yield of 45 tons per hectare increased the amount of nitrates and reduced the starch content in the tubers.
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Сафиоллин, Фаик, Faik Safiollin, Рустам Низамов, et al. "OPTIMUM SOWING NORMS OF SUNFLOWER OF RODNIK VARIETY DEPENDING OF MINERAL NUTRITION BACKGROUND ON GREY FOREST SOILS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 1 (2018): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5afc002d38c5c3.46560087.
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We can expect to receive from 0.81 to 0.97 tons of sunflower oil seeds per hectare in the soil-climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region without the introduction of mineral fertilizers. As the doses of mineral fertilizers are increased, the productivity of 1 hectare of arable land is increased 2.8 times and the gross collections of oilseeds are 2.14 tons per hectare at the non highest background of mineral nutrition, against 0.86 tons per hectare in the control variant of the experiment (without fertilizers). The optimization of seeding rates of the studied culture is of great importance in the formation of highly productive agrocenoses. In the variants of supplementary supply of plants with nutrients, especially when N98P38K124 is introduced, the seeding rate of 70 thousand pieces per hectare of virgin seeds raises the yield of sunflower by 0.51 tons per hectare (a very solid increase in yield), compared with the sowing rate of 60 thousand pieces per hectare.
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Спичков, Sergey Spichkov, Фомин, and Vladimir Fomin. "Influence of receptions of the main processing of the soil, fertilizers and means of protection of plants on a contamination, agrophysical properties of the soil and efficiency of barley." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 1 (2014): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3832.
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The field experiments with barley of multiserial Vakula variety were conducted on gray forest soil of Kama region of theRepublic of Tatarstan. This experiment was carried out to identify the responsiveness of barley for fertilizers, methods of the basic soil cultivation and plant protection products. On average over three years of our research, the highest yield of barley (3.95 tons per hectare) was obtained in the flattered soil tillage and carrying out the calculated fertilizernorm in the way, when we used the seed protectant Stinger for pre- treatment of the soil. The yield was a little lower (3.88 tons per hectare), when we used Binoram for pre-sowing seed treatment, Albit was in the third place (3.80 tons per hectare), the fourth - Rizoagrin (3.65 tons per hectare), and the fifth - control (3.42 tons per hectare). The lowest barley yield (2.46 tons per hectare) were obtained on the background when not fertilized subsoiling tillage without the use of plant protection products. The use of seeds for incrustation, treated by Stinger chemical fungicide, increased the yield to 4.0 centner per hectare, compared with the control. When we used moldboard plowing, the yield declined in control to 4.7 centner per hectare and at fertilizered background to 4.9 centner per hectare, and at KSN soil treatment to3-5.3 centner per hectare. In arid 2010 the highest barley harvest was obtained at KSN-3 soil treating, on the second place is subsurface treatment and the third is plowing. Modern energy-saving methods of the basic soil cultivation, treating the calculated norms of fertilizers and use of plant protection products contribute to the production of planned productivity, saving fuel and lubricants, but they are unable to maintain phytosanitary conditions in barley fields within economic threshold. Taking inro account above-mentioned and the current state of agriculture in the steppe of the Volga region, it is necessary to alternate basic soil treatment methods, application of calculated norms of fertilizers and use protectants and biofungicides for pre-sowing treatment, considering fitoekzamination of seeds.
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Сафин, Радик, Radik Safin, Марат Амиров, et al. "OPTIMAL METHODS OF FORAGE CROPS OF CROPS ON THE CALCULATED BACKGROUND OF MINERAL NUTRITION IN THE SOIL-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 4 (2018): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c3de38876cdb2.60224972.
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A powerful factor in increasing the yield of feed mixtures is the use of mineral fertilizers. On average, over 4 years of research, the yield of green mass increases from 13.8 tons per hectare at the control (without fertilizers) to 27.4 tons per hectare (almost 2 times). However, the effectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers depends on how the sunflower and annual herbs are placed in space. Thus, on all backgrounds of mineral nutrition, the highest yield of green mass was obtained by sowing sunflower and annual herbs in separate strips with strip widths of 180 cm: N85P38K46 - 28.2 tons per hectare; N99P44K54 - 32.9 tons per hectare; N113P51K61 - 34.2 tons per hectare. In the same conditions, both narrowing the bands to 90 cm and expanding to 360 cm reduce the yield of the object of study. Mineral fertilizers also have a great influence on the gross yield of raw fat (an increase of 2.8 times), feed units - from 2,562 to 3,904, crude protein - 1.9 times, exchange energy - 2.4 times. As a result, the payback of each ruble of the cost of mineral fertilizers provides for the production of 1.5 rubles, and the bioenergy coefficient increases to 4.4, versus 2.2 for mixed sowing of sunflower and annual herbs.
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Владимиров and Sergey Vladimirov. "Efficiency of use of increasing doses of mineral and organic fertilizers on potato in the middle Volga steppe." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, no. 3 (2013): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1360.
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The article titles the role of mineral nutrition in the formation of the potato crop of Aroza variety on gray forest soils. During the research years the highest tuber yield on average was obtained 22.56 tons per hectare while treatment by ZHUSS -1 for the treatment of tubers before planting and ZHUSS -2 for conjunction with foliar fertilizers at a dose N150, P150, K150. The yield increased in this variant to 12.89 tons per hectare. The significant fluctuations in productivity of potato Aroza variety were revealed on gray forest soils due to climatic factors. In 2010 dry year the yield ranged from 7.10 tons per hectare up to 12.10 tons per hectare against 80 tons per hectare of organic fertilizers. In humid provided 2012 year, it amounted up 11.43 tons per hectare to 28.87 tons per hectare in the way of application of ZHUSS-1 for the treatment of tubers before planting and ZHUSS-2 in conjunction with foliar fertilizers at a dose N150, P150, K150. 16.90% of nitrogen, 8.27% of phosphorus and 20.03% of potassium were used from the potato plant soil. The fertilizer, depending on the dose were introduced at the following amount: 43,05-43,74% of nitrogen, 15,68-18,06 % of phosphorus, 70,05-75,26 % of potassium. As for the organic fertilizer, the plants have learned 17,34-20,28% of nitrogen, 15,19-17,38% of phosphorus and 25,68-31,31% of potassium. Despite the increase in costs with increasing doses of fertilizers, the highest net income 73001 rubles per hectare and the level of profitability - 106.65% were obtained at the option of applying ZHUSS -1 for the treatment of tubers before planting and ZHUSS -2 in conjunction with foliar fertilizers in N150, P150, K150 dose . In this version there was the lowest cost - 3034 rubles per ton.
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Михайлова, Marina Mikhaylova, Таланов, Ivan Talanov, Каримова, and Liliya Karimova. "EFFECT OF MAIZE HYBRIDS TO APPLICATION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS DOSES IN THE VOLGA REGION ON THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 10, no. 2 (2015): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/12516.
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In connection with the transition to import substitution of animal products, it is necessary to provide livestock industry with high-energy feed. One of the high-energy feed, that can produce 60-70 times more dry weight, than grain crops in a short time is maize. Experience shows, that in many farms of our country the maize productivity remains low. That’s why it is necessary to pay special attention to the basic elements of maize cultivation technology, one of which is to ensure optimal mineral nutrition, which will significantly increase not only the productivity, but also its quality. Unlike other agricultural crops, the biological potential of maize uses less than 40-50% at agricultural production. Therefore, taking into account the high possibility of the formation of high yield of maize green mass, it is necessary to create the optimal mode of plants for normal growth and its development during the growing season. Our results show, that at the Volga region of the Republic of Tatarstan the minimum vegetation period from germination to maturity of maize grain, regardless of nutrition background, was observed in the hybrid ROSS-140. On average for 2 years on the background of application the calculated doses of NPK of 50.0 tons per hectare, the planned productivity of maize green mass was produced 54.9 tons per hectare, in the current background of 70.0 tons per hectare – was received 69.6 tons per hectare. The maximum increase in the yield of green mass of maize (17.6 tons per hectare) was obtained from Kremen hybrid: on the background of applicant the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers of 50.0 tons per hectare and 29.8 tons per hectare from mineral fertilizers application to 70.0 tons per hectare.
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Hutubessy, Josina Irene Brigetha, Kristono Y. Fowo, and Doris Krisanto Paso. "RESPON TANAMAN KACANG PANJANG (Vignasinensis L.) PADA BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK KOMPOS DARI KULIT BUAH KAKAO." AGRICA 14, no. 1 (2021): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37478/agr.v14i1.984.
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Response of Long Beans (Vigna sinensis L.) Due to Dosage Treatment of Compost Fertilizer from Cocoa Fruit Peel. The research was conducted in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Flores, Lokoboko Village, Ndona District, Ende Regency from June to August 2020. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cocoa husk fertilizer dose on the growth and yield of long beans. Using Randomized Block Design (RAK). With 5 doses of cocoa pod compost, namely: D1 : without treatment of cocoa pod skin or 0 g/plant, D2 : 5 tons per hectare of cocoa pod compost, D3 : 7.5 tons per hectare of cocoa pod compost, D4 : 10 tons per hectare of cocoa pod compost. D5 : 12.5 tons per hectare of cocoa pod husk compost. Each treatment was repeated 4 times, so that 20 trials were obtained. The application of cocoa husk compost fertilizer on long bean plants was proven to have a very significant effect on increasing the number of leaves at the observational ages of 21, 28 and 35 days after planting, leaf area at planting ages 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after planting, number of fruits, fruit weight at planting and weight. fruit per hectare The optimal dose of cocoa pod compost for long bean plants is 250gr per plant or the equivalent of 12.5 tons per hectare (D5) which is able to provide optimal growth and yield of long bean plants with an average percentage increase in the number of leaves aged 21, 28 and 35 by 20.68%; the mean leaf area at the age of 14, 21, 28 and 35 hst was 18.23%, the number of fruit was 27.57%; fruit weight per plant was 36.81% and fruit weight per hectare was 36.81%.
 Response of Long Beans (Vigna sinensis L.) Due to Dosage Treatment of Compost Fertilizer from Cocoa Fruit Peel. The research was conducted in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Flores, Lokoboko Village, Ndona District, Ende Regency from June to August 2020. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cocoa husk fertilizer dose on the growth and yield of long beans. Using Randomized Block Design (RAK). With 5 doses of cocoa pod compost, namely: D1 : without treatment of cocoa pod skin or 0 g/plant, D2 : 5 tons per hectare of cocoa pod compost, D3 : 7.5 tons per hectare of cocoa pod compost, D4 : 10 tons per hectare of cocoa pod compost. D5 : 12.5 tons per hectare of cocoa pod husk compost. Each treatment was repeated 4 times, so that 20 trials were obtained. The application of cocoa husk compost fertilizer on long bean plants was proven to have a very significant effect on increasing the number of leaves at the observational ages of 21, 28 and 35 days after planting, leaf area at planting ages 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after planting, number of fruits, fruit weight at planting and weight. fruit per hectare The optimal dose of cocoa pod compost for long bean plants is 250gr per plant or the equivalent of 12.5 tons per hectare (D5) which is able to provide optimal growth and yield of long bean plants with an average percentage increase in the number of leaves aged 21, 28 and 35 by 20.68%; the mean leaf area at the age of 14, 21, 28 and 35 hst was 18.23%, the number of fruit was 27.57%; fruit weight per plant was 36.81% and fruit weight per hectare was 36.81%.
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Yadav, Satya N., and Willis Peterson. "Rice yields in Nepal: Is the 4-tons per hectare yield goal attainable?" Journal of Asian Economics 4, no. 1 (1993): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1049-0078(93)90007-y.
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Vladimirov, Vladimir P., Marat T. Gaynutdinov, Aleksandr Yu Kokrov, and Natalya V. Sitnikova. "Potato productivity against different variants of mineral nutrition and density of planting on irrigated soils in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700019.
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The article studies the reaction of new Bellarosa potato variety on the introduction of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers and the density of planting in the forest-steppe soil of the Middle Volga region. The research shows that increased nutrition appropriately raises the yield of Bellarosa potato variety. The introduction of calculated fertilizer doses aimed at obtaining 30 tons of potato per hectare has increased the yield by 8.17–10.96 t/hectare depending on the planting density. Over 4 years of research the highest yield of 31.18 t/hectare was obtained when the planting density was 66.6 thousand tubers per hectare. It’s worth noting that higher planting density increased the effectiveness of the fertilizer introduced in calculated doses for this level of yield. The increase in potato harvest, in this case, was 4.22 and 5.81 t/hectare. The following increase in planting density with further enhancement of nutrition didn’t show such high effectiveness. For example, in the case of fertilizer dose calculated for the yield of 35 t/hectare the increase of density to 60.6 and 66.6 thousand tubers per hectare (in comparison with 55.5 thousand) gave the rise of 1.62 and 2.62 t/hectare in yield. Over 4 years of research the introduction of the fertilizer dose calculated for the yield of 40 t/hectare gave an additional 1.60 and 2.90 tons of potato per hectare.
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Владимиров, Владимир, Vladimir Vladimirov, Евгений Чугунов, and Evgeniy Chugunov. "INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND SEEDING NORMS ON CROP AND OIL OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS UNDER CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF MIDDLE VOLGA REGION." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 4 (2018): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c3de3545d13f9.26605455.
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The increase in productivity, quality of sunflower seeds is largely dependent on the optimal doses of fertilizers and plant density in relation to a particular variety and agroclimatic conditions of the region. The aim of our research was to study the effect of the seeding rate and the background of mineral nutrition on the productivity and quality of seeds of Orenbar sunflower hybrid. The application of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N90P60K90 on average for four years ensured the formation of a crop with a planting density of 47 thousand pcs per hectare – 1.536 tons per hectare. As the seeding rate increased to 74 thousand pcs per hectare - the productivity increased by 0.376 tons per hectare and amounted to - 2.839 tons per hectare against the background of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N90P60K90. This variant had the highest oil yield – 1.463.9 kg per hectare.
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Phene, C. J., R. B. Hutmacher, and K. R. Davis. "Two Hundred Tons Per Hectare of Processing Tomatoes—Can We Reach It?" HortTechnology 2, no. 1 (1992): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.2.1.16.
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Processing tomato is an important crop in California, where ≈ 100,000 ha is grown annually. In the past, processing tomatoes have been irrigated mostly by sprinkler and furrow irrigation, although several tests have been conducted with drip irrigation, and a few growers are using subsurface drip irrigation. Yields of tomato have been shown to be sensitive to water management when the amount of irrigation water closely matches plant water use. Tomatoes have been identified as susceptible to drought stress and waterlogging at both ends of the furrow irrigation cycle. Subsurface drip irrigation is a relatively new method in which drip irrigation laterals are buried permanently 20 to 60 cm below the soil surface. This method has provided the control and uniformity of water and fertilizer distribution necessary to maximize the yield of processing tomatoes. A computerized control system maintains nearly constant soil water and nutrient concentration in the root zone by irrigating and fertilizing frequently, thus avoiding small water and nutrient stresses, especially during the critical period between first and peak bloom. During the maturation and ripening stage, irrigation and nutrient concentrations can be adjusted to increase soluble solids and to adjust the maturation rate to coincide with the harvest schedule. Maximum yield levels can be obtained when nearly all the fertilizers (N, P, and K) are injected precisely in time and space through the drip irrigation system to meet the crop nutrient requirement. Water-use efficiency (WUE), defined as the ratio of yield: unit of water used by the plant, can be maximized by using this precise irrigation and fertilization technique. Yields >200 t·ha-1 of red tomatoes were achieved in large field plot research, and commercial yields of 150 t·ha-1 were achieved in large-scale field applications with a lesser degree of control. Therefore, we predict that with further fine-tuning, commercial yields of 200 tons of processing tomatoes/ha could be achieved using a subsurface drip irrigation system with accurate water and fertility management.
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Таланов, Иван, and Ivan Talanov. "INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PROCESSING OF SEEDS ON INCREASE OF WINTER RYE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 1 (2018): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5afc007dc2a5b4.03072673.
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Investigations established, that when presowing seed treatment with electromagnetic fields of an extremely high frequency of ranges of different intensities, the seeding properties of seeds are improved, the field germination of seeds increases and the plants are preserved for harvesting. The combined application of electromagnetic interference (30 m) and chemical disinfectant Vial TT (2 kg per ton) with seed dressing resulted in a decrease in plant damage caused by root rot and leaf-stalk mycoses, increased prodcutivity and grain quality. The maximum harvest of winter rye is 3.84 tons per hectare on the seed treatment option “Extremely high frequency - 30 m + Vial TT -2 kg per ton” and applying estimated doses of NPK by 4.0 tons per hectare. The addition of grain yield from the joint application of preseeding seed treatment of extremely high frequency of 30 m. + Vial TT -2 kg / t on a background without fertilizers was 0.45 tons per hectare, on a fertilized background - 0.49 tons per hectare.
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Чибис, Валерий, Valeriy Chibis, Светлана Чибис, et al. "ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF FIELD CROP ROTATION IN OPTIMIZATION OF OF SOWING AREAS STRUCTURE." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 12, no. 4 (2018): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a5f05dc679404.30714646.
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In a long-term places, located on the experimental fields of Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture (Omsk), the schemes of field crop rotations were modernized by introducing oil crops (rapeseed, soybean) into rotation and replacing the repeated wheat crops with barley and oats. Accounting of grain crops productivity and accompanying observations were carried out in three field rotations of different lengths of rotation (four- and five-field) and on permanent sowing. The repetition of the experiments is fourfold. The system of agrotechnical measures recommended for the zone of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia was applied. The study of predecessors in the cultivation of crops for various purposes was carried out in field experiments using conventional methods. The humus content for rotation in the soil layer of 0-40 cm increased by 0.19% in the crop rotation “rapeseed - wheat spring wheat - barley - soybean - spring wheat”. The largest accumulation of humus (0.83%) was in the rotation “soybean - spring wheat - barley – oats”. During the years of research wheat productivity varied from 0.82 to 2.22 tons per hectare. Wheat was the first crop in all its predecessors to form grains, on average, by 0.3-0.5 tons per hectare, than the second crop. The yield of soybeans in the crop rotation was 1.23-1.78 tons per hectare. The productivity of rapeseed was low, its productivity over the years was 1.31 tons per hectare. Grain-fodder crops (barley, oats) averaged 0.4-0.6 tons per hectare, higher than the spring wheat productivity in the alternating rotation. The maximum yield of grain from a hectare of arable land was noted in the crop-steam rotation and amounted to 1.7 tons. An increase in the yield of feed-protein units was observed in crop rotations saturated with oil crops (rapeseed and soybean) and amounted to 3.4-4.0 tons per hectare. The economic calculation showed that the cultivation of field crops in the rotational crop rotation of “soybean - wheat - barley – oats” increased profitability by 44%, net income - by half, in comparison with the control variant. The obtained materials can be used to develop schemes of field crop rotations for the zone of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia.
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Колесникова, Vera Kolesnikova, Кубашева, and Alsu Kubasheva. "REACTION OF OAT VARIETIES TO PRESOWING SEED TREATMENT IN THE MIDDLE URALS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 4 (2014): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7864.
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The studies, conducted in 2012-2013, showed that pre-sowing seed treatment by fungicides, biological products and micro fertilizers had a positive impact on the formation of grain yield of Ulov and Gunter varieties of oats. The experiments were carried out on cespitose-medium-podzolic, medium-loamy soil. During the research meteorological conditions evolved differently. As for temperature and moisture conditions for oat growth and development, 2012 year was more favorable. The vegetation period of 2013 was characterized by a relatively hot and dry weather. Seed pre-treatment of Ulov oat variety by zinc sulfate provided yield of 2.12 tons per hectare, which was 0.50 tons per hectare or 31% higher, than the yield in the embodiment, where the seeds were not treated. Grain yield of Gunter oats variety at preplant seed treatment with a mixture of micronutrients was significantly increased by 0.42 tons per hectare or 22%, compared to the yield in the control variant (without treatment). It is found, that the yield of Ulov oats variety has a panicle the number of grains positive strong correlation (r = 0,78). Yield of Gunter oats variety has a total number of plants to harvest a positive correlation (r = 0,61).
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Сабирова, Razina Sabirova, Шакиров та Rafil Shakirov. "Productivity of Кazanskaya 560 winter wheat variety, depending on fertilizers and soil nutrient". Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, № 4 (2014): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2439.
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The article discusses the influence of the main fertilizer in combination with additional fertilizing on the feeding regime of soil and productivity of “Kazanskaya 560” winter wheat variety. The provision of soil with available nutrients is achieved through the rational use of fertilizers in crop rotations. In 2010-2012 an additional fertilizing by Humate “Bioplant Flora” at a rate of 2 litre per hectare in autumn increased yield to 4.6-5.5 centner per hectare, depending on the background of the basic fertilizer. Additional spring fertilizing in early plant growth by Bioplant Flora on the background of autumn feeding practically does not increase the yield of winter wheat. Fertilizing with ammonium nitrate at a rate of 1.5 center in share weight per hectare increased the average yield to 2.1-2.4 tons per hectare for the period 2010-2012, depending on the background of the main treatment. In favorable 2011 it increased the yield to 1.5-3.5 centner per hectare. Adding NPK at sowing in rows at 1 centner per hectare in share weight increases yields to 3.5 centner per hectare without feeding, to 7.5 centner per hectare with the autumn fertilizing by Bioplant Flora, to 5.6 centner per hectare with the spring fertilizing with ammonium nitrate, comparing with the background without fertilizers. Thus, the differential application of the basic fertilizer, combined with fertilizing, improves the soil nutrient status and facilitates the formation of a predetermined amount of yield.
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Фатыхов, Ильдус, Ildus Fatykhov, Евгений Хакимов, et al. "REACTION OF THE SPRING RAPE OF ACCORD VARIETY TO SOWING RECEPTIONS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 12, no. 4 (2018): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a8443f971aaf9.69011453.
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The article presents the results of the study on the reaction of spring rape by the formation of aboveground biomass yield on the sowing methods are given. It was revealed that, with ordinary and wide-row seeding methods, the maximum productivity of 3.09 tons per hectare and 3.05 tons per hectare, respectively, ensured the seeding rate of 3 million pieces of virgin seeds per 1 hectare. The increase in the productivity of the above-ground biomass is due to the density of standing of plants for harvesting, the mass of one plant, the lining and collection of dry matter.
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Koshevarov, A. A., S. M. Nadezhkin, and A. F. Agafonov. "SEED AND VEGETATIVE PRODUCTIVITY OF BULB ONION UNDER OPTIMIZATION OF MINERAL NUTRITION." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 2 (June 30, 2011): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2011-2-21-25.
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The mineral fertilizers affect positively on plant growth and development. It was shown that the positive dependence between increased doses of mineral noutrition (in the gap from 0 to 120 kg. per hectare) and the growth of generative and vegetative plant organs. Application of NPK fertilize (120-120-120) was optimal to produce the maximum yield of marketable bulb onion 43.1 tons/hectare, with additional increase 22.8 tons /hectare as compared with standard. Seed plants also produced 1065 kg/hectare of seeds; that was more than 100 % compared with standard.
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Сабирова, Разина, Razina Sabirova, Рафил Шакиров, Rafil Shakirov, Закиржан Бикмухаметов, and Zakirzhan Bikmuhametov. "BIOPLANT FLORA - NEW GENERATION FERTILIZER." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 2 (2019): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5d3e15f17c3223.64554857.
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The efficiency of Bioplant Flora fertilizer was experimentally proved in increasing the winter wheat productivity of Kazanskaya 560 in the conditions of Middle Volga region. The research was carried out in 2009–2012 years on stationary experiments of Agriculture and agrochemical research Department of the Tatar Scientific Institute of Agriculture in accordance with generally accepted methods. The soil is gray forest, the humus content is 3.0-3.5%, phosphorus and potassium - 250-260 and 80-100 mg/kg, respectively, the amount of absorbed bases is 20-21 mg-eq/100 g, рНсол of arable layer is 5.0 and 5.5. The studies were conducted to study the responsiveness of winter wheat of Kazanskaya 560 variety to the humate fertilizer Bioplant Flora. Bioplant Flora is the newest, nanotechnological fertilizer based on humic acids with trace elements, which was used as a foliar application in autumn based on 2 litres per hectare against the background of the main fertilizer, calculated for N22Р39К62 4 tons per hectare of grain. Pre-sowing seed treatment with Bioplant Flora at a dose of 0.5 litre per hectare of seeds was used against the background of N22Р39К62 4 tons per hectare of grain. Plant nutrition with Bioplant Flora fertilizer stimulated the growth and development of plants that effectively used nutrients from the soil to increase grain yield. The optimal term for treatment of winter wheat by Bioplant Flora is autumn application for seedlings based on 2 litres per hectare. At the same time, the productivity increased by 0.46-0.53 tons per hectare, depending on the application of Bioplant Flora. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds by Bioplant Flora based on 0.5 litres per ton of seeds against the background of the main fertilizer for 4 tons per hectare of grain, on average for 2010-2012, provided a productivity increase of 0.21 tons per hectare. Against this background, the autumn treatment by Bioplant Flora allowed to increase the productivity to 0.15 tons per hectare, compared to the sample without fertilizers. At the same time, the average for 2010-2012 the profit was obtained - 11981 rubles per hectare, the cost of grain amounted to 3596.0 rubles per ton, the profitability of production - 94.6%.
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Ганиева, Ирина, Irina Ganieva, Василий Блохин, Vasiliy Blokhin, Денис Дюрбин, and Denis Dyurbin. "ASSESSMENT OF BARLEY VARIETIES, CULTIVATED IN TATARSTAN, ON CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 1 (2018): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5afafe771fec50.95692849.
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The estimation of Raushan variety of barley and the new Kamazhevsky variety, which was regionalized in Tatarstan in 2017, is given. The experiment revealed the influence of weather conditions and varieties during the years of research (2015-2017), on the formation of grain productivity, the content of total nitrogen in the aboveground mass of plants, the accumulation of protein in grain and gross harvest of protein per hectare. It is noted that the productivity for different years are different, the highest yields of grain of Raushan and Kamashevsky varieties were obtained in 2017 - 4.62 and 5.21 tons per hectare, respectively, when the hydrothermal coefficient was 1.3 units. In comparison with 2015 the productivity of Raushan variety was higher to 1.89 tons per hectare and to 1.69 tons per hectare in 2016. The same pattern was also found in Kamashevsky variety, 1.64 and 1.52 tons per hectare, respectively. The average productivity of Raushan variety for 3 years was 3.43 tons per hectare, less to 0.73 tons per hectare than Kamashevsky. The highest nitrogen content (close to the optimum 4.7-5.1%) in the aboveground mass was found in 2016 in plants of Raushan variety of 4.3%, Kamashevsky variety 4.0%, whereas in 2017 - 2.89% and 3.32%, respectively. The nitrogen content in dry years is higher in the aboveground mass of the Raushan variety, beginning with the tillering phase - 4.3%, Kamashevsky variety - 4.0%. It was revealed that the maximum content of protein in grain grade Kamashevsky accumulate in arid 2015-2016 years - 13.84%, more by 0.95% than the Raushan variety. In 2017 the protein content in the grain was formed at the same level Raushan 11.77%, Kamashevsky 11.07%. Evaluation of varieties on the gross harvest of protein per hectare, shows that the Kamashevsky variety forms on average 5.37 tons per hectare of protein over 3 years, more than Raushan grade by 1.08 tons per hectare.
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Duaja, Made Deviani, Elis Kartika, and D. C. Fransisca. "UTILIZATION OF PALM OIL MILL SOLID WASTE AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON CHINESE KALE (Brassica alboglabra) IN EX COAL MINING SOIL." Agric 32, no. 1 (2020): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/agric.2020.v32.i1.p29-38.
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The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the best combination of inorganic fertilizers and organic material from palm oil mill waste decanter cake, which give the best Chinese kale growth and yield at ex-coal mined soils. This is a pot research, conducted at Agricultural Farm, Agriculture Faculty, Jambi University, using RCBD with one factors and 11 treatments of combinations of NPK + Decanter Cake fertilizer from palm oil mill solid waste. The parameters observed were increase in plant height and number of leaves, leaf area and plant fresh weight. The results showed, the best treatments for increasing plant height and number of leaves was achieved at 50% of NPK from recommended doses with DC 20 ton/ha or 75% of NPK with DC 20 tons per hectare. For leaf area and plant fresh weight (yield), was achieved at 50 percent of NPK from recommended doses + DC 15 tons per hectare. The conclusion of this research is to increase chienese kale growth and yield in ex-coal mining soil can be done by fertilizing NPK 50 percent from recommended doses + decanter cake 15 tons per hectare.
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Таланов and Ivan Talanov. "Broad beans are perspective leguminous forage crops." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, no. 4 (2014): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2223.
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The articles offers the results of studies on the effect of sowing methods, seeding rates and backgrounds supply on yield and economic efficiency of broad bean cultivation for seeds. Increase seeding rate of 0.4 to 0.8 million units per hectare, regardless of sowing methods, increased the content of crude protein at 2.5-3.3 %. Similar changes occurred in the sugar content of the grain. In contrast, with increasing seeding rate, in wide-space sowing and calculated doses of fertilizers usage, resulted in a decrease of crude fiber, fat and ash. Adding the calculated doses of mineral fertilizers at planting in wide-space sowing with a rowing space of 45 cm and seeding rate of 0.6 million units per hectare provides about 10 thousand rubles per hectare, and the profitability level was 78 percent. Formation of high yields of green mass (41.0 tons per hectare) and grain ( 2.34 tons per hectare) of broad bean noted, when adding calculated doses of mineral fertilizers at wide-space sowing method with a seeding rate of 0.6 million units per hectare. I this way, we can see the high net income ( 9742.8 rubles per hectare), the level of profitability (78.0 %) and the cost of 1 ton of grain (5336.4 rubles per ton). The calculations of economic efficiency of fodder beans cultivation for grain showed that a high profitability obtained by making calculated doses of fertilizers, with a rowing method of sowing and seed rate of 0.7 million units per hectare was 59.4 %, while in wide-space sowing (45 and 60 cm) with a seeding rate of 0.6 million units per hectare was 78.0%.
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Селяков, Андрей, Andrey Selyakov, Анастасия Богатырева, Anastasiya Bogatyreva, Эльмарт Акманаев, and El'mart Akmanaev. "INFLUENCE OF SOWING TECHNIQUES ON PRODUCTIVITY AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF OIL-SEEDS OF SPRING RAPE VARIETIES IN THE MIDDLE URALS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 2 (2019): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5d3e15e176e394.69829005.
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The paper presents the results of two-year and three-year studies to clarify the sowing methods of spring rape varieties in the Middle Urals. The reaction of spring rape to the change of the type of coulter and the seeding depth has been revealed. A three-factor field experience was laid in 2016-2018 on the educational and experimental area of Perm State Agro-Technological University. The soil of the experimental plot is sod-small podzol heavy loam. It has been established that in Perm region, the highest yields and gross collection of fat from 1 hectare are formed by agrophytocenoses, sown with anchor coulter to a depth of 3 cm (1.96 tons per hectare and 911 kg per hectare for Ratnik variety and 2.16 tons per hectare and 1005 kg per hectare - for Smilla hybrid, respectively). On average for 2017-2018 years the productivity of the spring rape varieties under study was not different. The planned aim of research is the yield level (at least 2 tons per hectare) on average over two years obtained when sowing a foreign hybrid to a depth of 2 and 3 cm by anchor coulter. The low productivity of spring rape in 2016 did not allow to reach the planned figure on average for three years of research. Spring rape oilseeds were analyzed for biochemical composition in the laboratory for the development of agro-technologies of Perm State Agro-Technological University. The content of raw fat, ash, fiber, nitrogen and protein in the seeds was the same for all studied variants. Two-year studies have shown that the gross yield of fat per 1 ha depended on spring rape productivity, while the fat content in the seeds did not change much (44.94-46.68%). Three-year data confirm the conclusions made on the basis of an analysis of the results of experience for two years.
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Кулик, М. І. "Аналіз комплексного впливу агрозаходів на урожайність проса прутоподібного в умовах Центрального Лісостепу України". Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії, № 3 (28 вересня 2018): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2018.03.11.
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Обґрунтування менеджменту посівів проса прутоподібного (світчграсу), за встановлення найбільш впливових агрозаходів на урожайність, є актуальним питанням (для удосконалення елементів технології вирощування), що потребує детального вивчення.
 Визначено, що залежно від схем передпосівної підготовки ґрунту найбільша урожайність світчграсу (від 12,3 до 15,5 т/га) зафіксована при проведенні двох культивацій навесні з коткуванням ґрунту до- і після сівби на фоні напівпарового осіннього обробітку ґрунту. Збільшення кількості культивацій у весняний період не має впливу на продуктивність культури.
 За роки проведення досліджень кращими варіантами виявилося вирощування світчграсу з шириною міжряддя 45 см і застосування весняного підживлення рослин нормою азоту 30-45 кг/га. Внесення зменшених та збільшених норм азоту не призводить до суттєвого підвищення урожайності, а й навіть зменшує даний показник. Поряд з цим, на варіантах із більш ширшими міжряддями – 60 см істотної різниці між внесенням N45 і N60 не виявлено.
 Найбільшу урожайність світчграсу отримали за норми висіву насіння 3,0 млн. н./га, як зменшення, так і збільшення даного показника призводить до зниження продуктивності культури. В той же час, порівняно із ранньо-, пізньовесняними та літніми строками сівби відмічено збільшення урожайності культури при весняному строкові сівби.
 Alternative resource of energy crops (including switchgrass) involvement to fuel and energy complex of Ukraine is a critical problem at present. Energy crops’ sowings management increases yield and oil equivalent output within the certain area of energy crop plot of land. That is why determination of the most influencing agrotechnological techniques (for cultivation technology elements improvement) over switchgrass yield is an important issue and requires a more complicated study.
 Research purpose is to determine switchgrass yield depending upon complex application of the cultivation technology elements. The agricultural experimental methods as well as proper theoretical and practical recommendations of switchgrass cultivation given by Wolter Elbersen, M. V. Roik, V. L. Kurylo and other scientists have been used in order to lay out the experiment and perform multiple-factor researches in the Forest-Steppe area. Obtained research results have been processed by application of Statistics computer programs.
 Change of switchgrass yield depending upon schemes of pre-sowing soil tillage has been observed. Switchgrass yield varied according to years in the range from 2.4 to 14.7 tons per hectare (1 cultivation), from 7.4 to 14.6 tons per hectare (2 cultivations), from 7.7 to 15.0 tons per hectare (2 cultivations and rolling) with general autumn soil tillage. Substantially higher indices have been provided on the options with semi-steam soil tillage, change of yield on the options according to the years was: option 1 – from 5.8 tо 14.4 tons per hectare, option 2 – from 10.8 to 14.7 tons per hectare and option 3 – from 12.3 to 15.5 tons per hectare.
 Dynamic of switchgrass yield growth applying nitrogen additional fertilizing and increasing the area of plant nutrition with optimal sowing term has been fixing within the experiment years. The best option was the option of switchgrass cultivation with row-spacing of 45 cm and application of spring additional fertilizing with dosing of 45 kg/ha. Applying less or bigger nitrogen dosing does not cause considerable yield increase, but even lessens this index except option with row-spacing of 15 cm and nitrogen application of 60 kg per hectare. It can be explained by plant competition for nutrients while growing them on narrow row-spacings and needs in higher nitrogen dosing. Although, there was not huge difference between application of N45 and N60 on the options with wider row-spacing of 60 cm.
 The maximum productivity the switchgrass depending on the sowing time was 3.0 million seeds on hectares. It is determined that the decrease, and an increase in this indicator leads to a decrease in crop productivity.
 Substantial influence of spring agrotechnological techniques performed before crop sowing process on the background of general and semi-steam soil tillage in autumn has been discovered on the basis of multivariate connection between the experiment options and yield of switchgrass dry biomass. Also, it has been established that the method of soil tillage as well as nitrogen additional fertilizing in spring had more significant influence on switchgrass yield.
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Сабирова, Razina Sabirova, Шакиров, and Rafil Shakirov. "Influence of fertilizers on rewintering and productivity of winter wheat of a grade "Kazan 560"." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 1 (2014): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3830.
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The paper discusses the issues of fertilizers effect on germination, plant productivity and overwintering of Kazanskaya 560 variety winter wheat. The results showed that pre-sowing seed treatment by Humate fertilizer “Bioplant Floro” calculated 0.5 liters per ton increases the seed germination to 4-5%, the accumulation of sugars in the tillering nodes of winter wheat to 10-11%, and the safety of overwintering plants to cleaning to 5-10%. The calculated fertilizer norms allow to get close to planned levels of crop during favorable weather conditions. Treating the seeds by “Bioplant Flora”, the yield exceeded the target level (4.1 tons per hectare instead of planned 4 tons per hectare of grain). An application NPK and ammonium nitrate as an ordinal fertilizer at planting provides almost the same level of productivity of the main fertilizers, calculated to produce 3 tons per hectare. It is undesirable to use ammonium nitrate fertilizer on winter wheat as ordinal, especially after steam cleaner with a high nitrogen content. This can reduce its winter hardiness quality. Good results are obtained by using nitrate in the doze 1 centner per hectare in bulk
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Akongo, Graceline O., Godfrey A. Otim, Laban F. Turyagyenda, Anton Bua, Alfred Komakech, and S. Obong. "Effects of Improved Cassava Varieties on Farmers’ Income in Northern Agro-ecological Zone, Uganda." Sustainable Agriculture Research 10, no. 2 (2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v10n2p65.
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This paper examines the extent to which improved cassava varieties contribute to improvement in income of smallholder farmers in the Northern agro-ecological zone of Uganda. In order to achieve the objective, data was collected from PRELNOR supported farmers’ fields, other farmers’ fields and baseline cassava fields. Consequently, descriptive statistics, gross margin and stochastic frontier analysis were adopted during analysis. Results from the analysis revealed that higher yields per hectare were registered within PRELNOR supported farmers’ fields and yield from NAROCAS1 surpassed all the varieties (37.3 tons per hectare). Location specific results revealed that Gulu had better yields (34.5 tons per hectare) while Kitgum registered the lowest average (24.1 tons per hectare). Gross margin indicated that every Shilling invested in improved variety earned profit 1.3 to 1.8 times above the local variety and each shillings invested in PRELNOR supported fields generated 5.6 times above the baseline fields. The parameter estimate for profit function revealed that planting material, other production related costs, NAROCAS1, NASE14 and NASE19 were positively correlated with profit but labour and baseline field had negative correlations. Conversely, profit efficiency grew by 40% under improved varieties against local varieties. This study suggests that the difference in yields and profit between locations was caused by biophysical characteristic; disease tolerant varieties can tremendously improve profitability and income; meanwhile the profit gaps were partly attributed to inefficiency. This study recommends fast tracking adoption of pest and disease tolerant varieties and integrated research and development approach throughout the cassava value chain.
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Шакиров, Rafil Shakirov, Гилаев, and Ildar Gilaev. "Agrophysical properties and water regime of gray forest soil at various fertilizer systems and tilling methods on the example of spring wheat." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, no. 4 (2014): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2440.
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During the stationary experiments of agrochemistry department of Tatar Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture, the positive influence of organic fertilizers on soil fertility was determined, particularly on agrophysical indicators of arable layer. On the background of subsurface tillage, the content of water units raised to 4 tons of grain per hectare and increased by 35% relative to the control during the version of introduction 9 tons of organic fertilizers together with N69,0R10,0K44,3 per hectare of arable land per year. The organic and mineral system of fertilizers also helped to reduce the soil density and improve its water regime, which positively affected on the yield of spring wheat.
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Qureshi, Muhammad Awais, and Shahid Afghan. "THE PAKISTAN SUGAR INDUSTRY ITS CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE NEEDS." Pakistan Sugar Journal 35, no. 2 (2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35380/sugar.035.02.0158.
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The small sugar industry can afford to idle along using Research and development (R & D) produced (and paid for) by other sugar industries but when it is big with world standards it's a different matter. This study was important because Pakistan is 5th largest producer of sugarcane but it still lacks major advancement in production and marketing. The largest producers are Brazil, India, Thailand, China, and Pakistan accounting for more than 70% of world production. Brazil has the highest area (5.34 million hectares) while Australia has the highest productivity a n d s u g a r c a n e y i e l d (85 tons per hectare). Sugarcane is the second largest cash crop of Pakistan and is being cultivated on 1.06 million hectares with 55 t ha cane yield and sugar yield of 5.5 t ha, contributing around 3.6 % of Gross domestic production. The installed capacity of 85 sugar factories is to produce 7.5 million tons of refined sugar and domestic demand is around 4.5 million tons. This shows it’s export potential of 3.5 million tons, annually.
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Dolmo, Aksameri, Imaculata Fatima, and Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga Puu. "Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Ubi Jalar (Ipomea batatas L) Varietas Cilembu." AGRICA 4, no. 2 (2020): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.37478/agr.v4i2.455.
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The study aims at determining, firstly, the effect of chicken manure dose on the growth and crop result of sweet potato (Ipoma batatas), Cilembu Variety, secondly, determining the optimum dose of chicken manure which can lead the best of growth and yield of sweet potato (Cilembu variety). The method used at this research is completely randomized design, and the treatments are K0 (non-fertilizer), K1 (dose of 10 tons/ha), K2 (dose of 20 tons/ha), K3 (dose of 30 tons/ha). Observation variables in this study are the length of the rod, number of leaves, leaf area, number of wet bulb per plant, berangkasan weight, wet weight of bulb per plant, length of the bulb, the diameter of the bulb, and weight of wet bulb per hectare. The result of this research indicates that the giving of chicken manure, giving a good influence at the growth and yield of Cilembu sweet potato and real affect long stem at the age of 2, 6, and 8 mst of age, and wide leaf index at age 2, 4, and 6 mst. Production components have significantly affected for berangkasan weight, wet weight of bulb per plant, length of the bulb, the diameter of bulb and weight of wet bulb per hectare. The optimum dose of chicken manure was obtained with a dose of 20 tons per hectare which can raise the growth of stem length of Cilembu Sweet Potato (80,85 cm) and the crop of Cilembu sweet potato (731, 72 kg/ha).
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Adamovics, Aleksandrs M., Semjons A. Ivanovs, and Vilis S. Dubrovskis. "Methane Production From Industrial Hemp." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 13, no. 2 (2019): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2018-13-2-20-26.
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Abstract. Due to the increasing shortage of fossil fuels, the use of alternative energy sources is becoming even more popular. In Latvia, maize is predominantly used for the production of biogas, and other crops are being studied for this purpose. (Research purpose) To study the productivity of industrial hemp varieties (Cannabis sativa L.) and the possibility of obtaining biogas from hemp. (Materials and methods) Field experiments on hemp productivity were carried out on sod calcareous, heavy dusty sand clay soils in 2012-2014. Ten industrial varieties of hemp – 'Bialobrzeskie', 'Futura 75', 'Fedora 17', 'Santhica 27', 'Beniko', 'Ferimon', 'Epsilon 68', 'Tygra', 'Wojko', and 'Uso 31' – were sown with a seeding rate of 50 kilogram per hectare at the background of fertilizers: nitrogen – 120, phosphoric oxide – 90, potassium oxide – 150 kilogram per hectare. Hemp was sown on 10-square meter plots in mid-May, in triplicate. Hemp was harvested at the beginning of seed ripening phase. The whole crop of green mass was calculated on a completely dry matter. The fermentation process for the production of biogas, the average yield of methane, and other parameters were studied in the Laboratory of Bioenergetics of the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, using small-sized bioreactors. (Results and discussion) The dry matter yield of hemp obtained in the agro-climatic conditions of Latvia averaged 13.32- 17.78 tons per hectare. For an average of three years (2012-2014), higher yields of dry matter were obtained from the varieties of 'Futura 75' (17.76 tons per hectare) and 'Tygra’ (16.31 tons per hectare). The average amount of methane obtained from the 'Uso 31' leaves was 0.365 litre from one gramme of dry organic matter, which is a very good result as compared to other energy crops, for example, corn silage (0.319-0.330 litre from one gramme of dry organic matter in Latvia). (Conclusions) The research has demonstrated that hemp can be successfully used to produce biogas, and hemp leaves are the most suitable starting material.
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Митрофанов, Eduard Mitrofanov, Коршунов, et al. "FORMATION OF BARLEY HARVEST DEPENDING ON THE NUTRITION BACKGROUND AND THE USE OF HERBICIDES." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 10, no. 4 (2015): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17620.
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The effectiveness of herbicides in spring barley crops on different nutrition backgrounds was studied in field experiments on dark gray forest soil of medium loamy particle size distribution in the conditions of Volga-Vyatka region. It is revealed that on both backgrounds of fertilizer application the barley formed a maximum yield, when applying the herbicide Bomba. When using this herbicide in making mineral fertilizers N54P54K54 the productivity was 2.71 tons per hectare and a dose N70P70K70 – it was 2.83 tons per hectare. On average for three years, the maximum (11.35%) protein content was appeared in the preparation by Sekator turbo herbicide on the background of fertilizer application of N70P70K70.
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Шайхутдинов, Фарит, Farit Shaykhutdinov, Игорь Сержанов, et al. "INFLUENCE OF NUTRITION BACKGROUND, SOWING TIME AND PREDECESSORS ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF WHEAT – EMMER (POLBA) IN KAMA ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 12, no. 4 (2018): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a84490c9e5418.58790037.
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This article presents the results of studies on the effect of nutrition background on the sowing time, different precursors on the yield and economic efficiency of growing wheat-emmer grains (polba). A very significant influence is given to the study of the crop formation of the oldest food culture polba on the gray forest soil of the Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. Regardless of nutrition background and the predecessor, when the crop is delayed, the productivity is reduced. When sowing for 14 days after the optimal period, the productivity on both nutrition backgrounds, regardless of the predecessor, decreased from 0.42 to 0.51 tons per hectare, against the background on a fertilized background, respectively, to 0.56 - 0.84 tons per hectare, while the profitability of production is reduced at 1 against the background of -51.4 - 61.6%, against the 2 background - 78.4 -87.1%. The main disadvantage of wheat-emmer (polba) as a grain crop is the relative low productivity. The average productivity for 2010 -2017 in the conditions of the Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan was 2.05 tons per hectare, the spring soft wheat was 2.15 tons, which is slightly different from the wheat productivity of emmer (polba). Taking into account the severely arid conditions during the growing season of spring wheat for the last seven years, this is a good result for wheat from an economic point of view.
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Асхадуллин, Дамир, Damir Ashadullin, Данил Асхадуллин, et al. "PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING AND CONSERVATION OF TRITICUM SPHAEROCOCCUM PERC." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 2 (2018): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5b34fc9661f608.38724186.
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Attempts to create commercial variety Triticum sphaerococcum Perc. were realized only on the basis of the recombinant mutant KH 4333, created by Krasnodar Scientific and Research University of Agriculture, but the sphericity of obtained varieties is not associated with the sphericity of the Hindustan indices. The disadvantages of T. sphaerococcum samples in the Republic of Tatarstan are (in the study of 2012-2017): low productivity, which varies considerably in the years of the study, in some years the productivity of the best samples did not exceed 0.57 tons per hectare (the Simbirtsit standard did not fall below 2 , 15 tons per hectare); late ripeness; strong defeat of powdery mildew up to 90% in the epiphytotinous year 2017; strong susceptibility to stem rust. The degree of damage to brown leaf rust, in all years, was at the level of the susceptible standard of the Simbirzit variety. We made an attempt to improve the index samples by incorporating T. polonicum L. into the hybridization in order to increase the mass of the grains while maintaining the spherical shape, since hybridization with T. aestivum does not make significant progress. And the inclusion in the hybridization of Triticale 6x, in order to increase resistance to disease. Progress is shown in increasing productivity and resistance to powdery mildew in hybridization with T. aestivum. The constant lines of T. sphaerococcum have been preserved which retained the positive features inherent in this species with a significant increase in yield from 1.34 tons perhectare in the original form to -45738 to 3.77 tons per hectare near the line Ksh-359-11-5, this line is characterized by a high resistant to powdery mildew, but this line has a yield of 23% lower than the best zoned variety Yoldyz.
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Гайнутдинов, Marat Gaynutdinov, Владимиров, Vladimir Vladimirov, Чекмарев, and Petr Chekmarev. "EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION WAY AT CULTIVATION OF MIDDLE-EARLY MATURING POTATO VARIETIES ON GRAY FOREST SOILS OF FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF MIDDLE VOLGA." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 4 (2014): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7741.
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The studies revealed the role of fertilizers application method, under the influence of which there was a significant increase in the productivity of potato. Fertilizers, carried in local way, increased the photosynthetic activity of potato plants. The maximum leaf area at flowering stage, depending on the variety, increased to 1.4-2.5 thousands square metre per hectare. The highest leaf area of 50.1 and 47.7 thousands square metre per hectare for both methods of mineral fertilizers was on the plant of Nevskiy variety. Local application of fertilizers by two ribbons increased the productivity, depending on the variety to 2.19-3.10 tons per hectare. The most high-yielding variety was Nevskiy, which, depending on the fertilizers application method, carried 34.65 and 36.84 tons per hectare tuber yield. The Nevskiy variety tubers, depending on the mineral fertilizers application method, contained starch 13,85-14,64%, Adretta variety – 15.68-16.02 and Valiza variety contained 14.44-15.01% of starch. More protein was at tubers of varieties Valiza variety (3.34-3.71%), the lower (2.87-3.11%) at Nevskiy one. The largest shareware net income (127.8 thousands rubles per hectare) and high level of profitability (137%) was obtained at the cultivation of Nevskiy variety with locally application of mineral fertilizers.
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Neushul, M., and B. W. W. Harger. "Studies of Biomass Yield From a Near-Shore Macroalgal Test Farm." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 107, no. 1 (1985): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3267661.
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This paper reports the results of studies in 1981 and 1982 of marine biomass yield from a near-shore, 0.48 hectare test farm at Ellwood, California. The experimental planting was made to ascertain whether or not the plants would maintain a high yield after repeated cutting, and to see what effect planting density has on yield. The test farm was planted with 722 plants and operated in all seasons of the year. Quarterly harvests were made from plants planted at densities of one plant per m2, one plant per 4 m2 and one plant per 16 m2. Eleven metric tons of biomass were planted initially on a sandy sea floor. This produced a total of 50 wet metric tons of harvested biomass in 12 months.
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Ахметзянов, Марсель, Marsel Akhmetzyanov, Гулина Хузина, Gulina Huzina, Иван Таланов, and Ivan Talanov. "IMPACT OF PLANT BIOMASS AND MAIN TILLAGE METHODS ON THE AGROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF THE SOIL AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CULTURES AT A CROP ROTATION." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, no. 1 (2019): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5cbf071db935c2.43706278.
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The saturation of the soil with organic residues, the introduction of straw from the precursor and the harvest siderate stimulated the biological activity of the soil, and the use of various types of basic soil treatment changed the agrophysical properties of the soil. The results of research have found that the introduction of greenhouse siderate and straw contributed to maintaining the optimal density of the soil in the crop rotation link, and the combined treatment provided better conditions than in plowing. On the same variants, a decrease in the soil hardness occurred, positively influenced the formation of structural aggregates. For combined tillage, the content of structural aggregates on the background of mineral fertilizer application in the 0-20 cm layer exceeded the options with plowing by 5.2%, with the use of crop green manure by 3.2% and with the use of straw by 2.5%. For the combined tillage after winter rye, the cultivation of arable land was 19.7 - 22.8%, after pea - 17.3-19.7%, after spring wheat - 20.9-23.7%. For plowing options, these figures were 21.0-24.4, 19.6-21.4 and 23.5-26.0%. The maximum grain yield of winter rye (4.37 tons per hectare), pea (2.42 tons per hectare) and spring wheat (3.37 tons per hectare) was obtained on the variants of combined tillage and food backgrounds with the introduction of crop siderate.
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Emamgholi, Marouf, Kaka Shahedi, Valeed Khaledian, and Khaled Babaee. "The Zoning of the Erosion Intensity and Sediment Yield Using the Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing, with the Application of the MPSIAC Model (Case Study: Syazakh Dam Basin, Kurdistan)." International Letters of Natural Sciences 9 (February 2014): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.9.44.
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The aim of the present research was to estimate erosion and sediment and to formulate a map of the basin's erosion intensity using the satellite data, GIS technique and to compare the hydrometric stations' statistics. Using the Land sat satellite images among the results obtained from these data through (TM, ETM+), coverage index (NDVI) as well as a combination of bands 2, 3 and 4 for determining the type of land use and for assessing the soil texture in terms of regional aerial images tone and in accordance with the physiographic of the basin through sampling the soil texture , the map of the basin's texture was obtained. Assessing the surface and river erosion was also conducted using the aerial images and field visits. Given the data obtained and the model being applied, the special sediment rate in the basin was 5/19 tons per hectare, while the overall sediment rate obtained for the entire basin was estimated 5496533 tons in a year. Meantime, the observed and estimated value in the hydrometric station of Nesare Olya for as much as 553230 tons in a year shows a less than 1 % difference in the entire estimation of the sediments accumulated in the back of the dam while its sediment load rate estimation as much as 5/16 tons per hectare shows a 0/03 difference rate for the station.
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Polous, Viktor, and Sergey Osaulenko. "MOHAR IN AFTERHARVEST SOWING ON ORDINARY CHERNOZEM IN THE CENTRAL ZONE OF KRASNODAR REGION." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 16, no. 2 (2021): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2021-34-38.
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The research was carried out to study the possibility of cultivating mohar as the 4th crop in the 3-field link of crop rotation in afterharvest sowing on dry land in the zone of insufficient moisture in Krasnodar Kray. The work was carried out in 2015-2017. The experimental scheme provided for the determination of the aftereffect of various methods of basic tillage for the predecessor (winter wheat): plowing by 22 ... 24 cm, superficial plowing by 6 ... 8 cm and zero. The soil is ordinary chernozem. In 2015, during the growing season of the crop (July – October), 101% of precipitation fell out of the average annual amount (82.5 mm); - 97 and 105%, respectively. The hydrothermal coefficient over the years in July ranged from 0.87 to 2.00; in August - from 0.65 to 0.23; in September - from 0.03 to 3.56, with its average annual values of 1.45; 0.51; 1.38 respectively. After harvesting wheat, the soil was twice cultivated to a depth of 6 ... 8 cm and rolled, which made it possible to preserve up to 16 mm of productive moisture in a layer of 0 ... 20 cm. The studied methods of the main tillage for winter wheat did not have a significant effect on the yield of mohar, which amounted to 0.50 tons per hectare of grain and 1.75 tons per hectare of hay (840 fodder units per hectare). At the same time, 3.30 tons per hectare of crop and root residues were additionally supplied to the soil. The stubble sowing of mohar provided 4.2 thousand rubles per hectare of conditional net income
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Шаронова, Natalya Sharonova, Яппаров, et al. "WINTER WHEAT CROP FORMATION, DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZER SYSTEM WHILE MINIMIZING BASIC TILLAGE." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 1 (2014): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3823.
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The article presents data of field research of fertilizers systems and tillage on heavy leached chernozem at planting winter wheat in the Republic of Tatarstan. The paper shows the positive effects of organomineral fertilizer system on crop growth and quality of winter wheat, compared with mineral fertilizer system. The improvement of water and soil nutrient status was revealed. The layered and chisel tillage systems were the most effective methods. The study showed, that the use of organomineral fertilizer system had a stronger positive impact on the yield and quality of winter wheat, compared with mineral fertilizer system. The most winter wheat yield was obtained by applying the organomineral fertilizer system at layered plowing - 4.49 tons per hectare (the increase relative to the control is 0.64 tons per hectare). The best indicators of water and food regime of leached chernozem also marked at using organomineral fertilizer system, especially in layered tillage .
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Khaemba, Protas, PHILOMENA MUIRURI, and THOMAS KIBUTU. "Trend Analysis in Sugarcane Growth in Mumias Sugar Belt, Western Kenya; for the Period 1985-2015." INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF RURAL AND COMMUNITY STUDIES 3, no. 1 (2021): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51986/ijrcs-2021.vol3.01.04.
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The study was carried out to examine trends in the output and acreage in the Mumias Sugar belt from the period 1985-2015. We used secondary data collected from Mumais Sugar Company records for the period 1985-2015 for the study. The trend analysis of sugarcane production in the Mumias Sugar Belt is important, where sugarcane is the major cash crop and absorbs a majority of the agrarian population in the region. The study used the expert modeler, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), to predict the output. The forecast period was 2016 through March 2021 and employed two scenarios: I) forecast with +2 harvesting age predictor modification and ii) forecast with +10 hectares predictor modification. The predicted value showed good agreement with the observed values from the series plot, indicating that the model has a good predictive ability. The application of the model revealed that the results in the prediction tables show that, in each of the six forecasted quarters, increasing the harvesting age by two months is expected to generate about 4.52 more tons of yields per hectare than increasing area harvested by 10 hectares that would decrease the yield by 0.01 tons per hectare. The study recommends research and development on sugarcane varieties that mature early, making sugarcane-based Agri- enterprises and sustainable. In addition, Mumias Sugar Company should seek profitable techniques to increase the recovery per cent, and farmers seek good management practices to increase the efficiency of the sugarcane farms in the sugar belt.
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Глушко, Sergey Glushko, Галиуллин, and Ilfir Galiullin. "SECURITY OF MACRONUTRIENTS SUPPLY AND FORECASTING OF SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 4 (2014): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7742.
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The article examines the possibility of forecasting the spring wheat the productivity according to the content of mobile forms of phosphorus, potassium, applied amount of mineral and organic fertilizers. Deviation of the projected yield from actual comes to 31%, and the forecasting yield of the moving average drops to 4.6%. During the observation period the spring wheat productivity increased from 11.6 to 18.7 kilogram per hectare, an increase was 7.1 tons per hectare with an average yield of 17.4 tons per hectare. The productivity of spring wheat exhibits a very unstable value, which is evidenced by the high variation coefficient - 43.3%. There is a positive correlation between security soil by phosphorus, potassium and spring wheat yield. It is positive according to phosphorus for the actual and derivative wheat yield, the higher rates of coefficients was according U11. Potassium also has a positive association with yield. However, the correlation coefficients of potassium are higher (0.57-0.0.94), than of phosphorus (0.50-0.84). This fact suggests, that potassium in macroelement is more scarce, than phosphorus. Apparently, this feature of mobile potassium is manifested by solubility characteristics of the potassium compounds in aqueous medium, despite a sufficient amount of its gross shapes in soils. Studies prove once again, that the basis of of productivity formation is security by nutrient macroelements and peculiarities of economic activities. In addition to more accurately actual spring wheat yield it is necessary to attract agro-climatic indicators. The projections data are also a good tool for assessing the economic activity of individual districts, regions, and land users of different levels.
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Давлятшин, Ilfrit Davlyatshin, Лукманов, et al. "SECURITY OF MACRONUTRIENTS SUPPLY AND FORECASTING OF SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 4 (2014): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7743.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article examines the possibility of forecasting the spring wheat the productivity according to the content of mobile forms of phosphorus, potassium, applied amount of mineral and organic fertilizers. Deviation of the projected yield from actual comes to 31%, and the forecasting yield of the moving average drops to 4.6%. During the observation period the spring wheat productivity increased from 11.6 to 18.7 kilogram per hectare, an increase was 7.1 tons per hectare with an average yield of 17.4 tons per hectare. The productivity of spring wheat exhibits a very unstable value, which is evidenced by the high variation coefficient - 43.3%. There is a positive correlation between security soil by phosphorus, potassium and spring wheat yield. It is positive according to phosphorus for the actual and derivative wheat yield, the higher rates of coefficients was according U11. Potassium also has a positive association with yield. However, the correlation coefficients of potassium are higher (0.57-0.0.94), than of phosphorus (0.50-0.84). This fact suggests, that potassium in macroelement is more scarce, than phosphorus. Apparently, this feature of mobile potassium is manifested by solubility characteristics of the potassium compounds in aqueous medium, despite a sufficient amount of its gross shapes in soils. Studies prove once again, that the basis of of productivity formation is security by nutrient macroelements and peculiarities of economic activities. In addition to more accurately actual spring wheat yield it is necessary to attract agro-climatic indicators. The projections data are also a good tool for assessing the economic activity of individual districts, regions, and land users of different levels.