Literatura académica sobre el tema "Cross-industry innovation"

På den globala marknaden är konkurrensen mellan företag hög. Detta ställer krav på flexibilitet och innovationsförmåga hos etablerade företag, för att dessa ska kunna överleva. Det finns olika sätt att uppnå flexibilitet inom en organisation, men ett sätt som inte kräver särskilt stora interna förändringar är genom samarbete med andra företag. Ett sätt att undvika konkurrens och skaffa nya perspektiv är att fokusera på branschöverskridande samarbete mer specifikt. Utifrån detta har denna studies syfte varit att utforska hur företag använder sig av branschöverskridande samarbete för att höja sin innovationsförmåga.I och med att branschöverskridande samarbete är ett område inom forskningen som fortfarande är relativt outforskat används en utforskande ansats i studien. Den litteraturstudie som genomförts hanterar innovation i allmänhet, samarbeten mellan företag och specifikt branschöverskidande samarbeten.I studien har också 17 kvalitativa intervjuer genomförts på 15 företag som har erfarenhet av branschöverskridande samarbeten. Intervjuerna var semi-strukturerade och syftade till att beskriva konkreta exempel av branschöverskridanade samarbeten samt fånga respondentens företags attityd mot samarbete i ett generellt perspektiv.I resultatet återfanns variationer i hur företagen använder sig av branschöverskridande samarbeten. Utav alla respondenterna så gör vissa det för att komma åt teknologier, vissa för att undersöka nya värden och vissa för att komma åt nya marknader.Dessa, och fler resultat diskuteras sedan mot befintlig litteratur, där diskussionen utgör underlag för de slutsatser som sedan dras.Slutsatserna visar att företag i Sverige kan utvecklas i sin användning av branschöverskridande samarbeten, för att lära sig att maximera effekterna på företagens innovationsförmåga.<br>On the global market the competition between firms is increasing. This require established firms to be flexible and innovative. There are different ways of achieving flexibility without critically changing a firm’s capabilities, out of which one is interfirm collaboration. A way to also avoid competition and gain new perspectives is to engage in cross-industry collaboration. With this in mind, the purpose of this thesis has been to explore how firms engage in cross-industry collaborations to boost their innovation capability.Considering that cross-industry collaborations is a relatively unexplored area within current research, an explorative approach is used in this thesis. The frame of reference that was conducted deals with innovation in general, interfirm collaboration and cross-industry collaboration specifics.In this thesis 17 respondents, with experience in cross-industry collaborations, belonging to 15 firms have been interviewed. The interviews were semi-structured and intended to capture examples of cross-industry collaborations and the respondent firm’s general attitude towards collaboration.The results reflect that firms use cross-industry collaborations in different ways. Out of all the respondents some engage in them to access technologies, some do it to explore potential values, and some do it to gain access to new markets.These results, and more, are then discussed in comparison with current literature, which makes the basis for the conclusions later drawn.The conclusions show that firms in Sweden can and should develop cross-industry collaboration strategies, to be able to maximise the effects on the firms’ innovation capabilities.

Cette thèse capture, décrit, documente et conceptualise un phénomène inexploré mais important, l'innovation numérique intersectorielle, en fertilisant de manière croisée la maintenance des actifs dans les secteurs de l'aviation et du fret ferroviaire. Le rail est le mode de transport de marchandises le plus économe en énergie et le moins polluant. Cependant, le statu quo en matière de maintenance des wagons de fret ferroviaire en Europe présente un état d'inefficacité et un manque d'intelligence. Avec le développement rapide des technologies numériques, la maintenance conditionnelle et prédictive est une excellente opportunité de réaliser un grand gain d’efficacité dans la maintenance des wagons, rendant potentiellement le transport ferroviaire de marchandises compétitif et durable. La manière de tirer parti des technologies numériques au profit de la maintenance des wagons de fret ferroviaire n'est pas seulement un problème technique sur la façon de bien utiliser la technologie numérique pour améliorer l'efficacité de la maintenance, mais aussi un problème stratégique sur la manière d'innover pour générer une croissance de la valeur. dans l'industrie du fret ferroviaire. Quand il s’agit de résoudre des problèmes pratiques aussi complexes, les meilleures idées viennent parfois de l’extérieur de votre secteur. Comme initié par le projet Aero-Ferro Benchmark, l’apprentissage des meilleures pratiques de l’aviation contribuera au succès du fret ferroviaire. Ainsi, cette thèse vise à conceptualiser comment réaliser une innovation numérique intersectorielle dans la maintenance des actifs, et à résoudre le problème de ce que le fret ferroviaire peut apprendre de l'industrie aéronautique. À cet égard, sont passées en revue les théories pertinentes dans le domaine de l’innovation et de la stratégie pour trouver un soutien théorique. Cependant, l’innovation numérique intersectorielle est un domaine tellement naissant qu’aucune théorie ne pourrait directement aider à définir, analyser et aborder cette question complexe. Cela nous motive à conceptualiser un nouveau cadre théorique pour expliquer ce phénomène emergent en menant une étude de cas exploratoire sur l’innovation numérique dans la maintenance des actifs dans les secteurs du fret aérien et ferroviaire. Nous commençons par déterminer un cadre préliminaire de système de maintenance des actifs à partir de deux sous-systèmes (système technique et système commercial) pour guider la théorisation basée sur les phénomènes. Ensuite, une approche de raisonnement abductif et de peignage des systèmes est suivie, ainsi qu'une revue de la littérature et une étude de cas comme principales méthodes de recherche. Les résultats d’une étude de cas sur le système technique suggèrent que la stratégie de maintenance des wagons de fret ferroviaire subira un changement de paradigme impératif, passant du préventif au prédictif, notamment en termes d’utilisation de la technologie numérique et de gestion des données. Ainsi, une architecture technique de maintenance prédictive basée sur la surveillance de l’état des wagons de fret ferroviaire est proposée. Pour le système d'affaires, cette thèse analyse l'évolution des rôles des principaux acteurs dans ce paysage émergent de la maintenance numérique et l'évolution de leurs modèles économiques dans l'écosystème de la maintenance des wagons, prévoyant l'innovation potentielle des modèles économiques des équipementiers de matériel roulant (wagons), des opérateurs ferroviaires de fret et gardiens de wagons. Cette thèse offre des contributions théoriques et pratiques perspicaces. Premièrement, cette thèse fait progresser la construction théorique de l’innovation numérique intersectorielle. Un cadre stratégique d’innovation numérique intersectorielle basé sur des phénomènes est élaboré. Deuxièmement, cette thèse oriente la stratégie de résolution de problèmes d’innovation numérique dans la maintenance des wagons dans l’industrie du fret ferroviaire<br>A phenomenon-based exploratory case study Abstract This thesis captures, describes, documents, and conceptualize an unexplored yet significant phenomenon, cross-industry digital innovation, by cross-fertilizing the asset maintenance in aviation and rail freight industries. Rail is the most energy-efficient and low-emitting freight transport mode. However, the status quo of rail freight wagon maintenance in Europe presents a state of inefficiency and lack of intelligence. With the rapid development of digital technologies, condition-based and predictive maintenance represent an excellent opportunity to yield a big efficiency leap in wagon maintenance, thus potentially making rail freight transport competitive and sustainable. This thesis argues that how to leverage digital technologies to benefit rail freight wagon maintenance is not only a technical problem of how to make good use of digital technology to improve maintenance efficiency, but also a strategic problem of how to innovate business model to generate value growth for rail freight industry. When solving such complex practical problems, sometimes the best ideas come from outside your industry. As initiated by the Aero-Ferro Benchmark project, learning the best practice from aviation will contribute to rail freight success. Thus, this thesis aims to theoretically conceptualize how to carry out cross-industry digital innovation in asset maintenance, and to practically solve the problem of what rail freight can learn from the aviation industry. In this respect, this thesis reviews relevant theories in the field of innovation and strategy aiming to find theoretical support. However, based on the knowledge gaining from literature, it is found that cross-industry digital innovation is such an infant field that no well-established and well-fitting theory could directly help define, analyze and address this complex issue. This motivates us to conceptualize a new theoretical framework to explain this emerging phenomenon. To achieve this purpose, this thesis conducts an exploratory case study on digital innovation in asset maintenance in aviation and rail freight industries. We start from determining a preliminary asset maintenance system framework from two sub-system (technical system and business system) to guide the phenomenon-based theorizing. Then, an abductive reasoning and system combing approach is followed, together with literature review and case study as the main research methods. Findings from case study on the technical system argue that the maintenance strategy of rail freight wagons will undergo an imperative paradigm shift from preventive to predictive, especially in terms of utilizing digital technology and data management. Thus, a technical architecture of condition monitoring based predictive maintenance for rail freight wagons is proposed in this thesis. For the business system, this thesis analyzes the changing roles of main actors in this emerging digital maintenance landscape and the evolution of their business models in wagon maintenance ecosystem, forecasting the potential business model innovation of rolling stock(wagon) OEMs, cargo rail operators and wagon keepers. In doing so, this thesis offers insightful theoretical and practical contributions. First, this thesis contributes to advancing the theory building in cross-industry digital innovation. A phenomenon-based cross-industry digital innovation strategy framework is developed. Second, this thesis contributes to guiding the problem-solving strategy of digital innovation in wagon maintenance in rail freight industry

<p> This study examined the relationship between innovation strategy, as represented by assignee patents, and the financial performance of firms traded on stock exchanges in the United States. Building upon previous industry-specific research, this study broadens these investigations to relationships across multiple industries with respect to innovation and value creation. As a basis for examining the aforementioned relationships, this study was based on a framework shaped by Schumpeter's (1934) economic value of innovation theory. This study seeks to answer three research questions: (a) To what degree does innovation and a company's financial performance correlate across different industries, (b) To what degree does innovation strategy for publicly traded mid-capitalized firms and a company's financial performance correlate across different industries, and (c) To what degree does innovation strategy for publicly traded large-capitalized firms and a company's financial performance correlate across different industries? In addressing these questions, the study analyzed secondary data from the United States Patent and Trade Office and company financial data from the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (EDGAR) online system. Regression analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between company financial data and innovation as a function of patent awards. While no significant relationship was found to exist across a range of financial measures, significance was found for selected measures of mid-capitalized firms over a seven-year period. Recommendations for future research was provided in the conclusions to the study.</p>

In mature markets, successful new product introductions are becoming increasingly important for sustaining profitability and business growth (Cravens et al 2002), but evermore difficult to achieve due to factors such as increased levels of competition, rapidly changing market environments, higher rates of technical obsolescence and shorter product lifecycles (Griffin 1997). There is no lack of academic literature with respect tb New Product Development (NPD) as a whole - why it is important, how it is used and the key success factors therein - yet failure rates and the cost of developing new products remain prohibitively high. Working within the context of the UK grocery retail industry this thesis explores how product innovation is affected by Market Knowledge Dimensions, and Cross-Functional Integration within firms and across the supply chain. The research is supplemented by an exploration of the link between Market Information Gathering Activities and the creation of Market Knowledge and the mediating/moderating impact that Knowledge Integration Mechanisms has on Product Innovation Performance. Structural Equation Modelling is used to test a conceptual model developed through a review of the academic literature and exploratory qualitative research. The results of this research highlight the link between market information gathering activities and market knowledge volume and show the importance of Market Knowledge Volume and Market Knowledge Tacitness (in appropriate contxtual environments) in generating successful new products. The research also makes a significant contribution to the current academic literature by suggesting that quantity of collaboration at both an inter- and intra-firm level is not an antecedent of success unless organisations have the R&D strength to turn collaboration at an inter-firm level into internal competencies and competitive advantage.

Background:      Previous experience with the construction industry tells us that it’s often conservative and slow to adopt changes or use radical new ideas. This is a problem faced by Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT), as it’s provides a new way of working with wooden construction, that is still unfamiliar to most companies. Marketing this new solution is therefore hard, especially since a lot of the public is still unsure about the qualities and properties of the product. Purpose:               The purpose of this thesis is to identify the different selling points of CLT to see how this product can be marketed towards an audience that is still sceptical towards the wooden material. Method:                Results are gathered with the help of an interview study with six different companies that all in some way worked with CLT. The results are then put through a grounded analysis. Conclusion:                   The results show us that the most important thing to do when marketing a product that few people know of, or are sceptical towards, is to make sure that information about the benefits of using the product gets out. The most important marketing point for CLT seems to be the environmental advantage compared to concrete and the speed of which buildings can be erected.

碩士<br>元智大學<br>經營管理碩士班(企業管理與服務科學學程)<br>97<br>International tourism is one of the major vehicles of economic development in industrializing countries in the twenty-first century. Countries with tourism-based economies keep developing strategies and approaches for employing their comparative advantages to remain competitive. However, rapid globalization has increased the competitiveness in the tourist industry even more complex, including hotel industry. The industry players not only have to compete locally or nationally, but globally. Reduction of operations cost no longer the core competence that contributes to a firm’s performance. Other strategies such as organizational effectiveness, increase of market share, improvement of customer retention and service innovation has become key capabilities that provide better benefits to the firms. Therefore, this research employs a cross-national, survey-based methodology to find out the model that suitable to help a hotel to understand its’ internal and external factors that may contributes in delivering better performance. This study proposes a hotel’s technology-organization-environment (TOE) context is significant to service innovation management which leads to achieving sustainable competitive advantage. A total of 204 hotels from Taiwan and Malaysia is used to test the conceptual model and hypotheses. The findings lead to several key findings: (1) Technological context and organizational context are positively affects service innovation management. (2) The service innovation management in the hotel is related to its’ sustainable competitive advantage significantly. (3) Overall, the model is comparatively better in explaining the practices in Taiwan. However, the technological context is comparatively more significant for Malaysian hotel operators; and the organizational context is rather more important in Taiwan. The insights from this study can help the hotel managers from both Taiwan and Malaysia to have a better understanding of the current phenomenon in the industry and manage their service innovation more efficiently in gaining sustainable competitive advantage. The researcher suggested developing other factors, i.e. flexibility and safety to be included into TOE framework as it facilitates creativity, innovation and speed that able to contribute to sustainable competitive advantage.

碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>科技管理所<br>88<br>The purpose of this research is to analyze impacts of innovation policy on global IC (Integrated circuit) industry. Countries analyzed are United States, Republic of Korea, Taiwan, and People''s Republic of China. Based on Rothwell and Zegveld''s model of "Industrial Innovation Policy", this research develops a cross-national comparative analysis of innovation policy, and focuses on three topics: the preference of innovation policy, the extent of influence of innovation policy on industrial innovation requirements (IIRs), and the competitive advantages (CAs) derived from IIRs in these four countries. The results show that all these countries prefer to use the two types of innovation policy tools, namely, "Scientific & Technical" and "Legal & Regulatory". Whereas United States prefers to use "Procurement", Republic of Korea prefers to "Financial" and "Taxation", and Taiwan prefers to "Political" policy. In terms of effectiveness of industrial innovation policies on IIRs, "R&D", "R&D Environment", "Technical Knowledge", and "Human Resource" exert the strongest impacts on their respective IIRs. For the IC industry of all countries, United States has all CAs in terms of IIRs, but none was evidenced for P.R.C. except for "Domestic Market Demand". Republic of Korea has only few CAs compared to People''s Republic of China, while Taiwan not only has many CAs relative to People''s Republic of China, but also relative to Republic of Korea in "Management Skill", "Human Resource", and "Financial Resource". Compared to the United States, Taiwan has competitive disadvantages in "R&D", "R&D Environment", "Market Information" and "Domestic Market Demand". This work generates several suggestions for Taiwan''s IC industry: the government should emphasize the policies in "Scientific & Technical" and "Taxation" to provide better R&D environment, build a complete information system to encourage knowledge diffusion and accumulation, and adopt "Procurement" policy to extend domestic market demand.

碩士<br>國立臺北商業大學<br>企業管理系碩士班<br>105<br>With the increasing popularity of digital communication technology, broadband transmission speed, providing a good base for the development of the industry, the traditional printing production processes are gradually toward the electronic, digital, network, cloud production process management, consumer from the traditional procurement to the use of e-commerce platform to complete a series of orders for procurement behavior, combined with rapid network information dissemination characteristics and the traditional printing industry production process of network printing (Web-to-Print), since the germination in 2000 , the traditional printing industry has been engaged in the transformation of the relevant business services, but mainly to plywood printing, and most of the rest are still taking the traditional business orders business model, e-commerce in the printing industry have less expansion, the reason comes from Industry on the development of science and technology awareness of the part of the fault, and the regional characteristics of the printing industry is gradually disappearing, the industry has gradually become the era of digital printing services to the cloud . Due to lack of international market experience, Taiwan's printing industry only focus on domestic demand-based。 Unfortunately, Taiwan's printing industry should not only meet the domestic market as the goal, although the majority of small-scale printing enterprises in Taiwan, but with good market flexibility, the quality of product are fine and small printable, the domestic printing industry supply chain adjacent effect, print quality and price has its high competitive advantage, the high-end or a variety of international printing market development, increase cross-border technical cooperation, to high additional Value service manufacturing industry, and promote Taiwan's competitiveness in the international arena. This study aims to explore the printing industry, the type of network printing and the status of development。 For the purpose of the research, the author collects relevant documents and interviews with the printing industry to find out the present situation, the pattern and the benefit of the network printing e-business. And summarizes the research findings, and then puts forward the conclusions and recommendations, looking forward to provide the future of the printing business network planning strategy and innovative business model reference.