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1

Rho, Jaerang, Seeyoung Choi, Young Rim Seong, Won-Kyung Cho, Soo Hyeun Kim, and Dong-Soo Im. "PRMT5, which forms distinct homo-oligomers, is a member of the protein-arginine methyltransferase family." Journal of Biological Chemistry 276, no. 19 (2001): 16592b. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)32097-6.

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2

Wada, K., N. Yokotani, C. Hunter, K. Doi, R. J. Wenthold, and S. Shimasaki. "Differential expression of two distinct forms of mRNA encoding members of a dipeptidyl aminopeptidase family." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 89, no. 1 (1992): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.1.197.

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3

Rho, Jaerang, Seeyoung Choi, Young Rim Seong, Won-Kyung Cho, Soo Hyeun Kim, and Dong-Soo Im. "PRMT5, Which Forms Distinct Homo-oligomers, Is a Member of the Protein-arginine Methyltransferase Family." Journal of Biological Chemistry 276, no. 14 (2001): 11393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m008660200.

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4

Debnath, Jayantha, Mario Chamorro, Michael J. Czar, et al. "rlk/TXK Encodes Two Forms of a Novel Cysteine String Tyrosine Kinase Activated by Src Family Kinases." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 2 (1999): 1498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.2.1498.

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ABSTRACT Rlk/Txk is a member of the BTK/Tec family of tyrosine kinases and is primarily expressed in T lymphocytes. Unlike other members of this kinase family, Rlk lacks a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain near the amino terminus and instead contains a distinctive cysteine string motif. We demonstrate here that Rlk protein consists of two isoforms that arise by alternative initiation of translation from the same cDNA. The shorter, internally initiated protein species lacks the cysteine string motif and is located in the nucleus when expressed in the absence of the larger form. In contrast, the l
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5

Whitehead, Ian P., Karon Abe, Jerome L. Gorski, and Channing J. Der. "CDC42 and FGD1 Cause Distinct Signaling and Transforming Activities." Molecular and Cellular Biology 18, no. 8 (1998): 4689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.18.8.4689.

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ABSTRACT Activated forms of different Rho family members (CDC42, Rac1, RhoA, RhoB, and RhoG) have been shown to transform NIH 3T3 cells as well as contribute to Ras transformation. Rho family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) (also known as Dbl family proteins) that activate CDC42, Rac1, and RhoA also demonstrate oncogenic potential. The faciogenital dysplasia gene product, FGD1, is a Dbl family member that has recently been shown to function as a CDC42-specific GEF. Mutations within the FGD1 locus cosegregate with faciogenital dysplasia, a multisystemic disorder resulting in extensiv
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6

d’Avila-Levy, Claudia M., Bertrand Bearzatto, Jérôme Ambroise, et al. "First Draft Genome of the Trypanosomatid Herpetomonas muscarum ingenoplastis through MinION Oxford Nanopore Technology and Illumina Sequencing." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 5, no. 1 (2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5010025.

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Here, we present first draft genome sequence of the trypanosomatid Herpetomonas muscarum ingenoplastis. This parasite was isolated repeatedly in the black blowfly, Phormia regina, and it forms a phylogenetically distinct clade in the Trypanosomatidae family.
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7

Bouillet, Philippe, and Andreas Strasser. "BH3-only proteins — evolutionarily conserved proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members essential for initiating programmed cell death." Journal of Cell Science 115, no. 8 (2002): 1567–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.115.8.1567.

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The BH3-only members of the Bcl-2 protein family are essential initiators of programmed cell death and are required for apoptosis induced by cytotoxic stimuli. These proteins have evolved to recognise distinct forms of cell stress. In response, they unleash the apoptotic cascade by inactivating the protective function of the pro-survival members of the Bcl-2 family and by activating the Bax/Bax-like pro-apoptotic family members.
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8

Wrana, J. L., H. Tran, L. Attisano, et al. "Two distinct transmembrane serine/threonine kinases from Drosophila melanogaster form an activin receptor complex." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 2 (1994): 944–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.2.944.

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A transmembrane protein serine/threonine kinase, Atr-I, that is structurally related to receptors for members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family has been cloned from Drosophila melanogaster. The spacing of extracellular cysteines and the cytoplasmic domain of Atr-I resemble most closely those of the recently described mammalian type I receptors for TGF-beta and activin. When expressed alone in test cells, Atr-I is unable to bind TGF-beta, activin, or bone morphogenetic protein 2. However, Atr-I binds activin efficiently when coexpressed with the distantly related Drosophi
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9

Wrana, J. L., H. Tran, L. Attisano, et al. "Two distinct transmembrane serine/threonine kinases from Drosophila melanogaster form an activin receptor complex." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 2 (1994): 944–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.2.944-950.1994.

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A transmembrane protein serine/threonine kinase, Atr-I, that is structurally related to receptors for members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family has been cloned from Drosophila melanogaster. The spacing of extracellular cysteines and the cytoplasmic domain of Atr-I resemble most closely those of the recently described mammalian type I receptors for TGF-beta and activin. When expressed alone in test cells, Atr-I is unable to bind TGF-beta, activin, or bone morphogenetic protein 2. However, Atr-I binds activin efficiently when coexpressed with the distantly related Drosophi
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10

Lechward, K., O. S. Awotunde, W. Swiatek, and G. Muszyńska. "Protein phosphatase 2A: variety of forms and diversity of functions." Acta Biochimica Polonica 48, no. 4 (2001): 921–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2001_3858.

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Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) comprises a diverse family of phosphoserine- and phosphothreonine-specific phosphatases present in all eukaryotic cells. All forms of PP2A contain a catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) which forms a stable complex with the structural subunit PR65/A. The heterodimer PP2Ac-PR65/A associates with regulatory proteins, termed variable subunits, in order to form trimeric holoenzymes attributed with distinct substrate specificity and targeted to different subcellular compartments. PP2Ac activity can be modulated by reversible phosphorylation on Tyr307 and methylation on C-terminal
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11

Phukhamsakda, Chayanard, Hiran A. Ariyawansa, Rungtiwa Phookamsak, et al. "Muriphaeosphaeria galatellae gen. et sp. nov. in Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales)." Phytotaxa 227, no. 1 (2015): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.227.1.6.

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Muriphaeosphaeria galatellae was collected from Galatella villosa in Russia and is introduced as a novel monotypic genus and species in the family Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales). Muriphaeosphaeria is distinct from other genera of the family Phaeosphaeriaceae by its unique suite of characters such as, superficial ascomata with an ascomatal wall comprising thin-walled brown cells, cellular pseudoparaphyses, muriform ascospores; and conidiomata with a thick hyaline inner wall layer producing cylindrical to subclavate, 1−3-transversely septate, brown conidia. The asexual morph of M. galatellae d
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12

Bhunjun, Chitrabhanu S., Chayanard Phukhamsakda, Rajesh Jeewon, Itthayakorn Promputtha, and Kevin D. Hyde. "Integrating Different Lines of Evidence to Establish a Novel Ascomycete Genus and Family (Anastomitrabeculia, Anastomitrabeculiaceae) in Pleosporales." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 2 (2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7020094.

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A novel genus, Anastomitrabeculia, is introduced herein for a distinct species, Anastomitrabeculia didymospora, collected as a saprobe on dead bamboo culms from a freshwater stream in Thailand. Anastomitrabeculia is distinct in its trabeculate pseudoparaphyses and ascospores with longitudinally striate wall ornamentation. A new family, Anastomitrabeculiaceae, is introduced to accommodate Anastomitrabeculia. Anastomitrabeculiaceae forms an independent lineage basal to Halojulellaceae in Pleosporales and it is closely related to Neohendersoniaceae based on phylogenetic analyses of a combined LSU
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13

Welch, Nicholas. "Differential grammaticalization of copulas in Tsúùt’ínà and Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì." Diachronica 36, no. 2 (2019): 262–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.15031.wel.

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Abstract The languages of the Dene (aka Athapaskan) family in North America almost universally employ two copular verbs. In several languages of this family, copular forms are also employed as verbal auxiliaries: forms of one copula mark clausal focus while forms of the other mark TAM (tense/aspect/mode) categories. With reference to two Dene languages in particular, Tłı̨chǫ Yatıì and Tsúùt’ínà, I explain this difference by positing distinct grammaticalization paths and motivations for each copula: both focus and TAM markers originate in a uniclausal reanalysis of biclausal constructions, the
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14

Feng, Yu, Zhaohu Lin, Xu Shen, Kaixian Chen, Hualiang Jiang, and Dongxiang Liu. "Bcl-xL Forms Two Distinct Homodimers at Non-ionic Detergents: Implications in the Dimerization of Bcl-2 Family Proteins." Journal of Biochemistry 143, no. 2 (2007): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvm216.

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15

Cooper, Sam, Amine Sadok, Vicky Bousgouni, and Chris Bakal. "Apolar and polar transitions drive the conversion between amoeboid and mesenchymal shapes in melanoma cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 26, no. 22 (2015): 4163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e15-06-0382.

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Melanoma cells can adopt two functionally distinct forms, amoeboid and mesenchymal, which facilitates their ability to invade and colonize diverse environments during the metastatic process. Using quantitative imaging of single living tumor cells invading three-dimensional collagen matrices, in tandem with unsupervised computational analysis, we found that melanoma cells can switch between amoeboid and mesenchymal forms via two different routes in shape space—an apolar and polar route. We show that whereas particular Rho-family GTPases are required for the morphogenesis of amoeboid and mesench
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16

Granath Hansson, Anna, Peter Ekbäck, and Jenny Paulsson. "The Sliding Scale between Usufruct and Ownership: The Example of Swedish Multi-Family Housing." Land 10, no. 3 (2021): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030311.

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This paper aims to elucidate the sliding scale between usufruct and ownership by applying a property rights framework to three Swedish forms of tenure in multifamily housing. The framework deconstructs the bundles of rights of rental, tenant-ownership and ownership to highlight commonalities and differences connected to the right to use and exclude, the right to transfer and the right to the value. It is concluded that the three tenure forms have many traits in common but that there are distinct differences in some areas, most notably in connection to the right to the value. The property right
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17

Schmidt, Marion. "Birth Defects, Family Dynamics, and Mourning Loss: Psychoanalysis, Genetic Counseling, and Disability, 1950–80." Psychoanalysis and History 21, no. 2 (2019): 147–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2019.0293.

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During the 1950s and 1960s, the disabled child stood at the intersection of two distinct but connected developments: the emergence of more psychosocial approaches to disability, and the rise of child analysis as a distinct field. Disabled children and their families came into the focus of psychoanalysts, and became testing cases for theories about ego development, family dynamics, grief, mourning, and loss. This psychoanalytic subfield influenced other professions, not least because it played on widespread stereotypes about disability and motherhood. It was picked up, for example, by geneticis
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18

Bart, Aaron G., Kurt L. Harris, Elizabeth M. J. Gillam, and Emily E. Scott. "Structure of an ancestral mammalian family 1B1 cytochrome P450 with increased thermostability." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 17 (2020): 5640–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra119.010727.

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Mammalian cytochrome P450 enzymes often metabolize many pharmaceuticals and other xenobiotics, a feature that is valuable in a biotechnology setting. However, extant P450 enzymes are typically relatively unstable, with T50 values of ∼30–40 °C. Reconstructed ancestral cytochrome P450 enzymes tend to have variable substrate selectivity compared with related extant forms, but they also have higher thermostability and therefore may be excellent tools for commercial biosynthesis of important intermediates, final drug molecules, or drug metabolites. The mammalian ancestor of the cytochrome P450 1B s
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19

Soriano, Cheryll Ruth R. "Digital labour in the Philippines: emerging forms of brokerage." Media International Australia 179, no. 1 (2021): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x21993114.

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This article examines and theorises the relationships across three distinct forms of labour brokerage emerging in the digital platform labour economy: platform intermediation, ‘skill-making’, and ‘re-outsourcing’. Drawing from a 4-year digital ethnography on online freelancing and platform labour in the Philippines, one of the largest labour supplying countries globally, I pay special attention to how platform labour control emerges as a process that is constituted in the brokerage relationships at multiple scales between global capital, local capital, community, and family units, and emerging
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20

Wu, Hao, and Patrick Brennwald. "The Function of Two Rho Family GTPases Is Determined by Distinct Patterns of Cell Surface Localization." Molecular and Cellular Biology 30, no. 21 (2010): 5207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00366-10.

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ABSTRACT Rho family GTPases are critical regulators in determining and maintaining cell polarity. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rho3 and Cdc42 play important but distinct roles in regulating polarized exocytosis and overall polarity. Cdc42 is highly polarized during bud emergence and is specifically required for exocytosis at this stage. In contrast, Rho3 appears to play an important role during the isotropic growth of larger buds. Using a novel monoclonal antibody against Rho3, we find that Rho3 localizes to the cell surface in a dispersed pattern which is clearly distinct from that of Cdc42.
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21

Lee, Jean, and Francis Tan. "Growth of Chinese Family Enterprises in Singapore." Family Business Review 14, no. 1 (2001): 49–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2001.00049.x.

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Local Chinese family enterprises (CFEs) are an integral part of Singapore's economy. The objective of this study is to understand the growth and development of CFEs. The study looks at case studies of eight CFEs that are listed on the Stock Exchange of Singapore. In-depth interviews and documentary analyses are used as research instruments. The research uncovers several interesting findings. For example, CFEs experience four stages of development in a process that leads to public listing: Start-Up, Survival, Stability, and Success. The study uses McKinney's seven S factors of Structure, Strate
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22

Schaefer, Michael R., and Katherine Kahn. "Cyanobacterial Transposons Tn5469 and Tn5541 Represent a Novel Noncomposite Transposon Family." Journal of Bacteriology 180, no. 22 (1998): 6059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.22.6059-6063.1998.

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ABSTRACT A noncomposite transposon, designated Tn5541, was isolated from strain Fd33 of the filamentous cyanobacteriumFremyella diplosiphon UTEX 481. Sequence analysis showed that Tn5541 is structurally and genetically very similar to Tn5469, which is also endogenous to F. diplosiphon. Both Tn5469 and Tn5541encode homologous forms of an unusual composite transposase and a protein of unknown function. DNA hybridization analysis showed that like Tn5469, Tn5541 was not widely distributed among cyanobacterial genera. A similar analysis showed that Tn5469 and Tn5541 were equally limited to and pres
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23

Wingler, Laura M., Meredith A. Skiba, Conor McMahon, et al. "Angiotensin and biased analogs induce structurally distinct active conformations within a GPCR." Science 367, no. 6480 (2020): 888–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aay9813.

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Biased agonists of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) preferentially activate a subset of downstream signaling pathways. In this work, we present crystal structures of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) (2.7 to 2.9 angstroms) bound to three ligands with divergent bias profiles: the balanced endogenous agonist angiotensin II (AngII) and two strongly β-arrestin–biased analogs. Compared with other ligands, AngII promotes more-substantial rearrangements not only at the bottom of the ligand-binding pocket but also in a key polar network in the receptor core, which forms a sodium-binding site in
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24

Saldivia, Manuel, Antonio Barquilla, Jean-Mathieu Bart, Rosario Diaz-González, Michael N. Hall, and Miguel Navarro. "Target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase in Trypanosoma brucei: an extended family." Biochemical Society Transactions 41, no. 4 (2013): 934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20130052.

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The complex life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei provides an excellent model system to understand signalling pathways that regulate development. We described previously the classical functions of TOR (target of rapamycin) 1 and TOR2 in T. brucei. In a more recent study, we described a novel TOR kinase, named TOR4, which regulates differentiation from the proliferative infective form to the quiescent form. In contrast with TOR1 loss-of-function, down-regulation of TOR4 triggers an irreversible differentiation process through the development of the insect pre-adapted quiescent form. TOR4 governs a s
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25

Cao, Hong, Fabiana Garcia, and Mark A. McNiven. "Differential Distribution of Dynamin Isoforms in Mammalian Cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 9, no. 9 (1998): 2595–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.9.9.2595.

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Dynamins are 100-kDa GTPases that are essential for clathrin-coated vesicle formation during receptor-mediated endocytosis. To date, three different dynamin genes have been identified, with each gene expressing at least four different alternatively spliced forms. Currently, it is unclear whether these different dynamin gene products perform distinct or redundant cellular functions. Therefore, the focus of this study was to identify additional spliced variants of dynamin from rat tissues and to define the distribution of the dynamin family members in a cultured rat epithelial cell model (Clone
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26

Barnes, T. S., M. D. Burke, and W. T. Melvin. "Differences in adult and foetal human cytochrome P-450 forms recognized by monoclonal antibodies with specificity for the P450III family." Biochemical Journal 260, no. 3 (1989): 635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2600635.

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Six murine monoclonal antibodies raised against a major human adult liver cytochrome P-450 (P-450) of the PCN family (P450III) detected a protein in human foetal liver microsomes (microsomal fractions) which had an approx. 1 kDa higher molecular mass on SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis than the protein recognized in human adult liver microsomes. Although each of the antibodies recognized both the adult and the foetal forms, antibody HL4 showed higher affinity for the foetal form. Recognition by the monoclonal antibodies of peptides generated by proteolytic cleavage of microsomal proteins
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27

Attigani, Ayman, Lifang Sun, Qing Wang, et al. "The crystal structure of the endoglucanase Cel10, a family 8 glycosyl hydrolase fromKlebsiella pneumoniae." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 72, no. 12 (2016): 870–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x16017891.

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Cellulases are produced by microorganisms that grow on cellulose biomass. Here, a cellulase, Cel10, was identified in a strain ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolated from Chinese bamboo rat gut. Analysis of substrate specificity showed that Cel10 is able to hydrolyze amorphous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and crystalline forms of cellulose (Avicel and xylan) but is unable to hydrolyzep-nitrophenol β-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG), proving that Cel10 is an endoglucanase. A phylogenetic tree analysis indicates that Cel10 belongs to the glycoside hydrolase 8 (GH8) subfamily. In order to further understandin
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28

Ricoy, Ulises M., and Matthew E. Frerking. "Distinct roles for Cav2.1–2.3 in activity-dependent synaptic dynamics." Journal of Neurophysiology 111, no. 12 (2014): 2404–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00335.2013.

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Synaptic transmission throughout most of the CNS is steeply dependent on presynaptic calcium influx through the voltage-gated calcium channels Cav2.1–Cav2.3. In addition to triggering exocytosis, this calcium influx also recruits short-term synaptic plasticity. During the complex patterns of presynaptic activity that occur in vivo, several forms of plasticity combine to generate a synaptic output that is dynamic, in which the size of a given excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in response to a given spike depends on the short-term history of presynaptic activity. It remains unclear whethe
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29

Lin, Xinwei, Carla J. Otto, Rodolfo Cardenas, and Richard E. Peter. "Somatostatin family of peptides and its receptors in fish." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 78, no. 12 (2000): 1053–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y00-100.

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Somatostatin (SRIF or SS) is a phylogenetically ancient, multigene family of peptides. SRIF-14 is conserved with identical primary structure in species of all classes of vertebrates. The presence of multiple SRIF genes has been demonstrated in a number of fish species and could extend to tetrapods. Three distinct SRIF genes have been identified in goldfish. One of these genes, which encodes [Pro2]SRIF-14, is also present in sturgeon and African lungfish, and is closely associated with amphibian [Pro2,Met13]SRIF-14 gene and mammalian cortistatin gene. The post-translational processing of SRIF p
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30

Adler, Jeffrey S. "“We've Got a Right to Fight; We're Married”: Domestic Homicide in Chicago, 1875–1920." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 34, no. 1 (2003): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219503322645448.

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Scholars often treat family violence as a single category and argue that domestic violence typically reflects conflict over gender roles. Such a focus has been well placed. But if data on domestic homicide in Chicago from 1875 to 1920 are disaggregated by ethnicity and race, important patterns emerge. Domestic homicide, for example, assumed culturally specific forms. German immigrants, Italian immigrants, and African-American Chicagoans killed loved ones for different reasons, at different rates, and with different family members involved. Although the violence revolved around challenges to ge
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31

Villani, Fernanda Nobre Amaral, Manoel Otávio da Costa Rocha, Maria do Carmo Pereira Nunes та ін. "Trypanosoma cruzi-Induced Activation of Functionally Distinct αβ and γδ CD4− CD8− T Cells in Individuals with Polar Forms of Chagas' Disease". Infection and Immunity 78, № 10 (2010): 4421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00179-10.

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ABSTRACT CD4− CD8− (double-negative [DN]) T cells have recently been shown to display important immunological functions in human diseases. They express γδ or αβ T-cell receptors that recognize lipid/glycolipid antigens presented via the nonclassical major histocompatibility complex molecules of the CD1 family. We recently demonstrated that while αβ DN T cells serve primarily to express inflammatory cytokines, γδ DN T cells express mainly interleukin-10 (IL-10) in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. We also demonstrated a correlation between DN T cells and the expression of gamma interferon
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32

González-Muñoz, Ricardo, Nuno Simões, Maite Mascaró, José Luis Tello-Musi, Mercer R. Brugler, and Estefanía Rodríguez. "Morphological and molecular variability of the sea anemonePhymanthus crucifer(Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria, Actinoidea)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95, no. 1 (2014): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315414000988.

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The shallow water sea anemonePhymanthus cruciferexhibits three distinct morphotypes, characterized by the presence or absence of protuberances on the marginal tentacles, as well as intermediate forms. The taxonomic status of the different morphotypes and the diagnostic value of protuberances on the tentacles have been debated for this species and the family Phymanthidae. We analysed the external and internal anatomy, cnidae and three mitochondrial molecular markers for representatives of each of the three morphotypes. In addition, we address the putative monophyly of the family Phymanthidae ba
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33

Bringaud, F., and T. Baltz. "Differential regulation of two distinct families of glucose transporter genes in Trypanosoma brucei." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 2 (1993): 1146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.2.1146.

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A tandemly arranged multigene family encoding putative hexose transporters in Trypanosoma brucei has been characterized. It is composed of two 80% homologous groups of genes called THT1 (six copies) and THT2 (five copies). When Xenopus oocytes are microinjected with in vitro-transcribed RNA from a THT1 gene, they express a glucose transporter with properties similar to those of the trypanosome bloodstream-form protein(s). This THT1-encoded transport system for glucose differs from the human erythrocyte-type glucose transporter by its moderate sensitivity to cytochalasin B and its capacity to t
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34

Bringaud, F., and T. Baltz. "Differential regulation of two distinct families of glucose transporter genes in Trypanosoma brucei." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 2 (1993): 1146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.2.1146-1154.1993.

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A tandemly arranged multigene family encoding putative hexose transporters in Trypanosoma brucei has been characterized. It is composed of two 80% homologous groups of genes called THT1 (six copies) and THT2 (five copies). When Xenopus oocytes are microinjected with in vitro-transcribed RNA from a THT1 gene, they express a glucose transporter with properties similar to those of the trypanosome bloodstream-form protein(s). This THT1-encoded transport system for glucose differs from the human erythrocyte-type glucose transporter by its moderate sensitivity to cytochalasin B and its capacity to t
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35

Kramer, Karen L. "The Human Family—Its Evolutionary Context and Diversity." Social Sciences 10, no. 6 (2021): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10060191.

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The family defines many aspects of our daily lives, and expresses a wide array of forms across individuals, cultures, ecologies and time. While the nuclear family is the norm today in developed economies, it is the exception in most other historic and cultural contexts. Yet, many aspects of how humans form the economic and reproductive groups that we recognize as families are distinct to our species. This review pursues three goals: to overview the evolutionary context in which the human family developed, to expand the conventional view of the nuclear family as the ‘traditional family’, and to
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36

Reddy, Kumar B., та Edward F. Plow. "Distinct Role for Fyn-Kinase in αIIbß3-Mediated Signaling." Blood 110, № 11 (2007): 3652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3652.3652.

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Abstract Recent studies have shown that Src-family kinases (SFKs) play an important role in mediating integrin signaling. αIIbβ3 has been shown to interact with multiple SFK members. We analyzed the role of Fyn in αIIbβ3-signaling and hemostasis. Fyn associated with αIIbβ3 in resting as well as thrombin aggregated platelets. In contrast, the interaction between αIIbβ3 and another SFK member, cSrc, was seen predominantly in resting but not in thrombin aggregated platelets. Based on this difference, we explored if the Fyn−/− mice exhibit any abnormalities in hemostasis and platelet function. Fyn
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37

LEUTHÄUSER, Kerstin, Remo GUJER, Amaya ALDECOA, et al. "Receptor-activity-modifying protein 1 forms heterodimers with two G-protein-coupled receptors to define ligand recognition." Biochemical Journal 351, no. 2 (2000): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3510347.

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Receptor-activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) with single transmembrane domains define the function of two G-protein-coupled receptors of the B family. Cell-surface complexes of human RAMP1 (hRAMP1) and human calcitonin (CT) receptor isotype 2 (hCTR2) or rat CT-receptor-like receptor (rCRLR) have now been identified through protein cross-linking, co-immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy. They are two distinct CT-gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptors coupled to cAMP production and pharmacologically distinguished by the CT and CGRP antagonists salmon CT(8-32) and human or rat CGRP(8-37). Th
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38

Salmi, Fatiha, Fatima Maachi, Amal Tazzite, et al. "Next-generation sequencing of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Moroccan prostate cancer patients with positive family history." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0254101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254101.

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Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in Morocco. Although sporadic forms account for a large proportion of patients, familial forms of prostate cancer are observed in 20% of cases and about 5% are due to hereditary transmission. Indeed, germline mutations in BRCA1/2 genes have been associated with prostate cancer risk. However, the spectrum of these mutations was not investigated in Moroccan Prostate cancer patients. Thereby, the aim of this study was to characterize and to estimate the prevalence of germline BRCA1/2 mutations and large rearrangements in Moroccan patients with famili
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39

Glucksmann, Miriam, and Dawn Lyon. "Configurations of Care Work: Paid and Unpaid Elder Care in Italy and the Netherlands." Sociological Research Online 11, no. 2 (2006): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1398.

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Most current sociological approaches to work recognise that the same activity may be undertaken within a variety of socio-economic forms - formal or informal, linked with the private market, public state or not-for-profit sectors. This article takes care of the elderly as an exemplary case for probing some of the linkages between paid and unpaid work. We attempt to unravel the interconnections between forms of care work undertaken in different socio-economic conditions in two settings, the Netherlands and Italy. The research is part of a broader programme concerned with differing interconnecti
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40

COPPARD, SIMON E. "A comparative analysis of the spatangoid echinoid genera Brissopsis and Metalia: a new genus and species of spatangoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Brissopsidae) from the Philippines and the reassignment of Brissopsis persica to Metalia." Zootaxa 1760, no. 1 (2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1760.1.1.

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Brissalius vannoordenburgi gen. nov., sp. nov. occurs at depths of 200 meters off Siquijor Island in the Philippines and is typical of the family Brissopsidae in having specialised aboral tube feet in ambulacra III within the peripetalous fasciole used for funnel building. It is distinct from species of Brissopsis and Metalia in having a shield-shaped subanal fasciole in conjunction with confluent posterior petals. This species has a particularly diverse array of highly localised pedicellariae, with three distinct forms of globiferous pedicellaria (simple fistulate, fanged fistulate and fanged
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41

Cameron, P., G. Limjuco, J. Rodkey, C. Bennett, and J. A. Schmidt. "Amino acid sequence analysis of human interleukin 1 (IL-1). Evidence for biochemically distinct forms of IL-1." Journal of Experimental Medicine 162, no. 3 (1985): 790–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.162.3.790.

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The pI-6.8 species of normal human interleukin 1 (IL-1) has been isolated by ion-exchange and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The isolated material had a molecular weight of 18,000, and had a specific bioactivity of 1.7 X 10(7) half-maximal U/mg in the murine thymocyte proliferation assay, values similar to those obtained for murine P388D1-derived IL-1 (12), and human IL-1 isolated by a previously published purification protocol (15). Amino-terminal sequence analysis revealed a single N-terminal, and resulted in the identification of 30 of the first 35 amino acid residues
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42

McGuire, M., BL Smith, and P. Agre. "Distinct variants of erythrocyte protein 4.1 inherited in linkage with elliptocytosis and Rh type in three white families." Blood 72, no. 1 (1988): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v72.1.287.287.

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Abstract Hereditary elliptocytosis is a heterogeneous disorder resulting from defects in the erythrocyte membrane skeleton. Although some cases of elliptocytosis result from defects in spectrin, the specific structural abnormality has yet to be identified in the majority of cases. Protein 4.1 plays an essential role in erythrocyte membrane physiology, and deficiencies have been implicated in only a few rare cases of elliptocytosis. By using 4.1 immunoblots and a 4.1 radioimmunoassay we identified distinct variants of protein 4.1 in 15 elliptocytic members of three US white families with the Rh
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43

McGuire, M., BL Smith, and P. Agre. "Distinct variants of erythrocyte protein 4.1 inherited in linkage with elliptocytosis and Rh type in three white families." Blood 72, no. 1 (1988): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v72.1.287.bloodjournal721287.

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Hereditary elliptocytosis is a heterogeneous disorder resulting from defects in the erythrocyte membrane skeleton. Although some cases of elliptocytosis result from defects in spectrin, the specific structural abnormality has yet to be identified in the majority of cases. Protein 4.1 plays an essential role in erythrocyte membrane physiology, and deficiencies have been implicated in only a few rare cases of elliptocytosis. By using 4.1 immunoblots and a 4.1 radioimmunoassay we identified distinct variants of protein 4.1 in 15 elliptocytic members of three US white families with the Rh-linked f
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44

Izzo, Annalisa, Kinga Kamieniarz, and Robert Schneider. "The histone H1 family: specific members, specific functions?" Biological Chemistry 389, no. 4 (2008): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bc.2008.037.

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AbstractThe linker histone H1 binds to the DNA entering and exiting the nucleosomal core particle and has an important role in establishing and maintaining higher order chromatin structures. H1 forms a complex family of related proteins with distinct species, tissue and developmental specificity. In higher eukaryotes all H1 variants have the same general structure, consisting of a central conserved globular domain and less conserved N-terminal and C-terminal tails. These tails are moderately conserved among species, but differ among variants, suggesting a specific function for each H1 variant.
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45

Prenosil, George A., Edith M. Schneider Gasser, Uwe Rudolph, Ruth Keist, Jean-Marc Fritschy, and Kaspar E. Vogt. "Specific Subtypes of GABAA Receptors Mediate Phasic and Tonic Forms of Inhibition in Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 96, no. 2 (2006): 846–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01199.2005.

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The main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, GABA, mediates multiple forms of inhibitory signals, such as fast and slow inhibitory postsynaptic currents and tonic inhibition, by activating a diverse family of ionotropic GABAA receptors (GABAARs). Here, we studied whether distinct GABAAR subtypes mediate these various forms of inhibition using as approach mice carrying a point mutation in the α-subunit rendering individual GABAAR subtypes insensitive to diazepam without altering their GABA sensitivity and expression of receptors. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings were performed
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46

Teixeira, João, Héctor Fuentes, Stasė Bielskutė, et al. "The Two Isoforms of Lyn Display Different Intramolecular Fuzzy Complexes with the SH3 Domain." Molecules 23, no. 11 (2018): 2731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112731.

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The function of the intrinsically disordered Unique domain of the Src family of tyrosine kinases (SFK), where the largest differences between family members are concentrated, remains poorly understood. Recent studies in c-Src have demonstrated that the Unique region forms transient interactions, described as an intramolecular fuzzy complex, with the SH3 domain and suggested that similar complexes could be formed by other SFKs. Src and Lyn are members of a distinct subfamily of SFKs. Lyn is a key player in the immunologic response and exists in two isoforms originating from alternative splicing
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47

Spies-Butcher, Ben. "Advancing Universalism in Neoliberal Times? Basic Income, Workfare and the Politics of Conditionality." Critical Sociology 46, no. 4-5 (2019): 589–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920519872800.

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Workfare is an exemplar of neoliberal welfare reform generating precarity. In response, critics have sought to advance a politics of universalism, through either a return to social democracy or the embrace of a universal basic income. Yet, these responses invoke different understandings of universalism. This paper explores the politics of universalism in the context of neoliberal reform to benefit systems. Using Australia as a case study, it applies a variegated understanding of neoliberalism to identify two distinct reform trajectories for family payments and unemployment benefits. While appe
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48

Bernardo, Allan B. I., Aqeel Khan, and María Guadalupe C. Salanga. "Hope and Satisfaction with Life: Testing the Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem in three Asian Cultures." Acción Psicológica 15, no. 2 (2018): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/ap.15.2.23456.

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The relationship between well-being and the personal strength of hope has been elaborated by the identification of internal (self) and external (family, peers, spiritual) locus-of-hope dimensions. Du, Bernardo, and Yeung (2015) showed that self-esteem (personal and relational) mediates the relationship between locus-of-hope and life satisfaction. Locus-of-hope’s goal-related thoughts involve self-evaluation that may either enhance or diminish self-worth, which then influences life satisfaction. We tested the mediated model in three cultural groups: Malaysians, Macau Chinese, and Filipinos. Par
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49

Barnett, T. R., L. Drake, and W. Pickle. "Human biliary glycoprotein gene: characterization of a family of novel alternatively spliced RNAs and their expressed proteins." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 2 (1993): 1273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.2.1273.

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Eight different human biliary glycoprotein (BGP) isoantigens, structurally related members of the carcinoembryonic antigen family, CD66/67 family, and immunoglobulin superfamily, are derived by alternative splicing from a single genomic transcription unit. Novel BGP isoforms have been identified by polymerase chain reaction amplification and by DNA sequencing of amplified cDNA segments. In addition to verifying previously documented BGPs, we describe four new forms, two of which have unusual nonimmunoglobulin exons contributed by inverted Alu repeats. Determination of the genomic DNA sequence
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50

Barnett, T. R., L. Drake, and W. Pickle. "Human biliary glycoprotein gene: characterization of a family of novel alternatively spliced RNAs and their expressed proteins." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 2 (1993): 1273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.2.1273-1282.1993.

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Eight different human biliary glycoprotein (BGP) isoantigens, structurally related members of the carcinoembryonic antigen family, CD66/67 family, and immunoglobulin superfamily, are derived by alternative splicing from a single genomic transcription unit. Novel BGP isoforms have been identified by polymerase chain reaction amplification and by DNA sequencing of amplified cDNA segments. In addition to verifying previously documented BGPs, we describe four new forms, two of which have unusual nonimmunoglobulin exons contributed by inverted Alu repeats. Determination of the genomic DNA sequence
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