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Literatura académica sobre el tema "GAC Adsorption"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 1 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "GAC Adsorption"

Ondon, Brim Stevy, Bing Sun, Zhi Yu Yan, Xiao Mei Zhu y Hui Liu. "Microwave Preparation of Modified Activated Carbons for Phenol Adsorption in Aqueous Solution". Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (agosto de 2013): 1883–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1883.

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Microwave energy was used to prepare modified activated carbons (GAC, GAC/MW, GAC/Ni, and GAC/Cu). The modified activated carbons were used for phenol adsorption in aqueous solution. The adsorption conditions were optimized. Adsorption capacities of the different modified activated carbons were evaluated. The effect of microwave pretreatment of activated carbons was investigated. A comparative study on the activated carbons adsorption capacities was also investigated. Under optimal conditions the results showed that there was no obvious effect on activated carbons adsorption when rising temperature and pH during the adsorption process. Stirring has a very high effect on the activated carbons adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of the modified activated carbons reaches 95%. MW/GAC, GAC/Ni and GAC/Cu adsorptive capacity was higher compared to the Granulated Activated Carbon (GAC) used as received. GAC treated with microwave energy has highest adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of GAC loaded with ion Ni2+ is higher than the activated carbon loaded with Cu2+. The untreated GAC has the lowest adsorption capacity. These results can be explained by the effect of microwave irradiation on GAC.The activated carbon loaded with Ni2+ adsorbs more microwave energy than the GAC loaded with Cu2+.

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Bastami, Sina, Sina Ghassa, Amin Seyedhakimi y Saeed Chehreh Chelgani. "Adsorption of Mercury from a Cyanide Leaching Solution Using Various Activation Rates of Granular Activated Carbon: A Laboratory- and Industrial-Scale Study". Sustainability 12, n.º 8 (17 de abril de 2020): 3287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083287.

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The use of granular activated carbon (GAC) is a typical and sustainable technique for recovering precious metals from a cyanide leaching solution (CLS). The level of GAC activity is a fundamental factor in assessing the rate of precious metal adsorption; thus, it is essential to determine the efficiency of carbon elution for reproducing GACs. Since mercury (Hg) adsorption plays a critical role, economically and environmentally, in GAC efficiency, we conducted various laboratory and industrial experiments to explore the effect of different rates of GAC activation (10%, 35%, 70% and 100%) on Hg adsorption from CLS. Assessments of laboratory test results showed a direct relationship between the Hg adsorption and GAC activity; by increasing the GAC activity from 10% to 100%, the recovery of Hg was increased from 20% to 41%. Kinetic modeling results indicated that the Hg adsorption for all GAC activities followed chemisorption mechanisms. There was good agreement between the laboratory test results and the results of experiments on the industrial scale (that used a continuous circuit). These outcomes indicate that by increasing the frequency of carbon reactivation and using GAC with a high level of activity in the first tank, Hg desorption was meaningfully decreased and recovery was improved (for 10% GAC activity vs. 35% GAC activity, recovery was 40% vs. 90%, respectively).

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Son, Heejong, Sangki Choi, Byungryul An, Hyejin Lee y Hoon-Sik Yoom. "Effect of Changes in Physical Properties of Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) on the Adsorption of Natural Organic Matter (NOM) with Increasing the Number of Thermal Regeneration: Pore Size and NOM Molecular Weight". Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 43, n.º 7 (31 de julio de 2021): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2021.43.7.537.

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Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing the number of regeneration of granular activated carbon (GAC) on the adsorption capacity of natural organic matter (NOM), and to suggest the technical process options associated the limit number of regeneration and the efficient use of regenerated GAC.Methods : The physicochemical properties of virgin and thermally regenerated GAC were analyzed. To evaluate the NOM adsorption capacity of virgin- and regenerated-GAC, five laboratory-scale columns packed with virgin- and regenerated-GAC were used for treating effluent from pilot-scale drinking water treatment facility. The NOM concentration in the influent and the effluent treated by each column was analyzed by LC-OCD (liquid chromatography-organic carbon detector) to evaluate the adsorption capacity of each NOM fractions (humic substances (HS), building blocks (BB), low molecular weight organics (LMWs)).Results and Discussion : Due to the change in the pore structure of GAC by thermal regeneration, the volume of micropores (< 2 nm) decreased, while the volume of mesopores (> 2 nm) increased. The volume ratio of micropore in virgin-GAC was about 60%, but it gradually decreased as the number of regenerations increased, resulting that the volume ratio of micropore in the 5th-regenerated (5th-Re) GAC decreased to 23%. On the other hand, the volume ratio of mesopore increased in proportion to the number of regenerations from 40% of the virgin GAC to 77% of the 5th-Re-GAC. The DOC adsorption capacities of the regenerated GACs were higher than that of virgin GAC, and the DOC adsorption capacity increased as the number of regenerations increased. As a result of comparing the adsorption capacity of virgin- and regenerated-GAC by NOM fractions, the adsorption capacity of high molecular weight NOM, such as HS, increased by 1.5 to 1.7 times as the number of regenerations increased. In contrast, the adsorption capacity of low molecular weight NOM, such as BB and LMWs, decreased by 78% and 48% as the number of regeneration increased. The limit number of regeneration was evaluated based on that the adsorption capacity (qe) of each NOM fractions keep over than 70% relative to its virgin GAC. As a result, the adsorption capacity for low molecular weight NOM was greatly reduced in GAC regenerated over than 3rd time, so that the 2nd-Re-GAC was valid to keep 70% removal of whole NOM fractions. Low adsorption of low molecular weight NOM (BB and LMWs) by 3rd-Re-GAC could be complemented by using together with virgin-GAC, and low adsorption of high molecular NOMs (HS) could be compensated as well.Conclusions : Due to the change in the pore structure of GAC by thermal regeneration, the DOC adsorption capacity was higher in regenerated GAC than its virgin-GAC, and the adsorption capacity of DOC and high molecular weight NOM (HS) was enhanced as the number of regenerations increased. On the other hand, the pore volume of micropore was reduced by regenerations, and in more than 3rd times regenerations, the adsorption capacity of low molecular weight NOMs (BB and LMWs) was reduced by less than 70% compared to its virgin GAC, so that 2nd-Re-GAC was suggested for suitable GAC. When using a mixture of virgin- and 3rd-Re-GAC, low adsorption of low molecular weight NOM (BB and LMWs) by 3rd-Re-GAC could be complemented by using together with virgin-GAC, and low adsorption of high molecular NOMs (HS) could be compensated as well.

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Roddaeng, Songkiat, Pongjet Promvonge y Rewadee Anuwattana. "Behaviors of hydrogen sulfide removal using granular activated carbon and modified granular activated carbon". MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 03037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819203037.

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An experimental study on hydrogen sulphide (H2S) adsorption behaviours using amine-impregnated solid adsorbent (GAC/PEI) was carried out for H2S concentration in the range of 200 and 400 ppm. The dynamic adsorptions of GAC and modified GAC (2.0 and 1000 g/L PEI) in a fixed-bed column were investigated by determining the breakthrough curves and adsorption capacities of various adsorbents. The adsorbent exhibits an excellent adsorption capacity of 106.87 and 231.45 mgH2S/g-adsorbent for 200 ppm and 400 ppm H2S, respectively. The H2S breakthrough capacity is found to relate to the surface adsorption and chemical adsorption.

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Kim, Taehoon y Byungryul An. "Effect of Hydrogen Ion Presence in Adsorbent and Solution to Enhance Phosphate Adsorption". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 6 (20 de marzo de 2021): 2777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062777.

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In this paper, the effect of hydrogen ions on the adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC) with the inorganic contaminant phosphate, which exists as a form of four species depending on the solution pH, is investigated. Various batch isotherm and kinetic experiments were conducted in an initial pH 4 as an acid, a pH 7 as neutral, and a pH 9 solution as a base for the GAC conditioned with deionized water and hydrochloric acid, referred to as GAC and GACA, respectively. The physical properties, such as the total surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution, and weight of the element, obtained from Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX) represent no significant differences. However, the hydrochloric acid (HCl) condition results in an alteration of the pH of the point of zero charge from 4.5 to 6.0. The optimized initial pH was determined as being acid for the GAC and as being neutral for the GACA. According to the Langmuir isotherm, the relatively high Qm was obtained as being acid for the GAC and clearly distinguishes the pH effect as being the base for the GACA. An attempt was made to assess the adsorption mechanism using the pseudo-first-order (PFO), the pseudo-second-order (PSO), and the intraparticle diffusion models. The higher R2 for the PSO in the entire pH range indicated that chemisorption was predominant for phosphate adsorption, and the pH did not change the adsorption mechanism. A prolonged Bed Volume (BV) for the GACA demonstrated that the hydrogen ions on the surface of the GAC enhanced phosphate adsorption.

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Zhaoyang, Lu, Jiang Bicun y Li Aimin. "Effects of the functional groups attached to aromatic organic compounds on their adsorption onto preloaded activated carbon". Water Science and Technology 66, n.º 8 (1 de octubre de 2012): 1799–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.349.

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The adsorption of phenol, p-nitrophenol, aniline, and nitrobenzene onto a commercial granular activated carbon (GAC: F400) preloaded with tannic acid (TA), a model background contaminant, was investigated. Compared with virgin GAC, the adsorption capacities of the four selected aromatic organic compounds (AOCs) onto GACs preloaded with TA at three densities were affected significantly. Also, the relationship between the adsorption capacities of AOCs and the characteristics of GACs was further discussed and clarified in this manuscript. The differences in the functional groups attached to the AOCs did not affect the similar linear relationship between the micropore surface area and their capacities to AOCs. However, the adsorption capacities of AOCs on TA-loaded GAC were affected by the different functional groups on the four AOCs: 67.6% of the capacity of aniline for virgin F400 remained on F400c (a preloaded GAC), compared with 23.8, 25.9, and 36.5% of phenol, p-nitrophenol, and nitrobenzene, respectively. The diversity of adsorption behavior of the four AOCs with different substituents was the result of hybrid contributions, such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic effect and aromatic stacking.

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Son, Heejong, Hoon-Sik Yoom, Chang-Dong Seo, Sang-Goo Kim y Yong-Soon Kim. "Evaluation of Dissolved Organic Matter Removal Characteristics in GAC Adsorption Process in Drinking Water Treatment Process using LC-OCD-OND". Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 42, n.º 5 (31 de mayo de 2020): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2020.42.5.239.

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Objectives:In this study, we used liquid chromatograph-organic carbon detector-organic nitrogen detector (LC-OCD-OND) to evaluate adsorption and breakthrough characteristics of NOM fractions (biopolymers (BP), humic substances (HS), building blocks (BB) and low molecular weight organic substances (LMW-O)) according to the various characteristics of the different materials of granular activated carbons (GACs).Methods:Breakthrough characteristics, adsorption capacity and partition coefficients were evaluated by NOM fractions (BP, HS, BB, and LMW-O) using a lab-scale GAC adsorption column filled with coal-, coconut- and wood-based GAC. The GAC column test was operated with 10 minutes empty bed contact time (EBCT). The pore characteristics of each GAC were evaluated using an automated gas sorption analyzer (Autosorb iQ3, Quantachrome, USA) and the concentrations of NOM fractions in the influent and effluent were analyzed using chromatography LC-OCD-OND (Model 8, DOC-Labor, Germany).Results and Discussion:NOM adsorption capacity was evaluated for different materials of laboratory scale GAC adsorption column test. To study the adsorption behavior of individual NOM fractions according to the operation time, NOM was fractionated into BP, HS, BB and LMW-O by LC-OCD-OND, and the individual NOM fractions were quantified. Higher MW like BP was not adsorbed to GAC, in contrast, HS, BB, and LMW-O were well removed during the initial operation period, the concentrations in the effluent gradually increased as increase the operation period until reaching to the pseudo steady-state. Poor removal of BP in GAC adsorption may be a result of blocking the pores with large MW BP and hinder the access to the pores. However, in the case of HS, BB, and LMW-O, as the molecular size decreased, these organic matters easily access to the pores inside of GAC. It was confirmed through the partition coefficient that the adsorption capacity of these NOM fractions increased in proportion to the MW. In addition, in order to achieve a high NOM removal efficiency in the GAC adsorption process, not only the specific surface area, pore volume, and pore width of the GAC must be large, but also the pH<sub>zpc</sub> must be higher than the neutral pH level.Conclusions:In order to achieve a high NOM removal efficiency in the GAC adsorption process, not only the specific surface area, pore volume, and pore width of the GAC must be large, but also the pH<sub>zpc</sub> must be higher than the neutral pH level. In addition, in the NOM fractions, BP were not adsorbed to GAC, while the adsorption capacity of the remaining NOM fractions increased as the MW of the NOM fractions decreased. LMW-O was the most adsorbed, followed by BB, HS and BP. BP and HS play an important role in the membrane fouling that are introduced a lot into domestic and foreign water treatment plants. This study showed that the BP was not removed by the adsorption mechanism of the GAC process. In addition, HS was adsorbed and removed at the beginning of the operation, but the adsorption capacity of HS decreased rapidly as the operation period increased compared to other NOM fractions. Therefore, the GAC adsorption process is not expected to be an effective pre-treatment technology for reducing membrane foulants. Previous studies showed that the yields of DBPs (µmol･DBP/µmol･C) in the high MW humic and low MW non-humic fractions are similar. Therefore, it is suggested that the GAC adsorption process is more effective for DBP precursor control in water containing a larger percentage of LMW NOM.

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Ding, Chun Sheng, Qian Fen Zhu, Ping Ning y Jing Ke Lu. "Preparation and Characterization of Modified Activated Carbon and its Influencing Factors of Cd²⁺ Adsorption". Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (octubre de 2010): 935–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.935.

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In order to improve the Cd2+ adsorption ability, the granular activated carbon (GAC) was modified with different treatments, and the Cd2+ removal efficiencies (REs) by the treated GACs were then comparatively investigated under different conditions. The surface physical-chemical properties of these carbons were further characterized in virtue of BET and Boehm’s titration, etc. The results demonstrate that the specific surface area and surface oxy acidity functional groups of GAC changed to some certain after the different treatments, especially for that with HNO3 oxidizing. It therefore led to an improvement of Cd2+ adsorption ability, and the corresponding REs by the N-GACs that were respectively modified with 10% and 70% HNO3 were significantly higher than that by the original GAC (i.e., 41% and 57% vs. 10%). pH was found to be the most vital influencing factor for the Cd2+ adsorption, and the Cd2+ REs by the tested GACs were all increased with an elevation in the pH value.

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Benstoem, F. y J. Pinnekamp. "Characteristic numbers of granular activated carbon for the elimination of micropollutants from effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants". Water Science and Technology 76, n.º 2 (4 de abril de 2017): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.199.

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Adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) is a promising step to extend existing treatment trains in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and, thus, to reduce the concentration of micropollutants (MPs) (e.g. pharmaceuticals) in wastewater. It is common practice to use characteristic numbers when choosing GAC for a specific application. In this study, characteristic numbers were correlated for five different GACs, with measured adsorption capacities of these carbons for three pharmaceutical MPs (carbamazepine, diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole) and dissolved organic carbon of a WWTP effluent. The adsorption capacities were measured using rapid small scale column tests. Density of GAC showed the highest correlation to adsorption of MP. All other characteristic numbers (iodine number, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface and methylene blue titre) are not suitable markers for choosing an appropriate activated carbon product for the elimination of MPs from municipal wastewater.

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Wang, Feifei, Lu Zhang, Liangfu Wei y Jan Peter van der Hoek. "Removal of Hydrogen Peroxide Residuals and By-Product Bromate from Advanced Oxidation Processes by Granular Activated Carbon". Water 13, n.º 18 (7 de septiembre de 2021): 2460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182460.

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During drinking water treatment, advanced oxidation process (AOP) with O3 and H2O2 may result in by-products, residual H2O2 and BrO3−. The water containing H2O2 and BrO3− often flows into subsequent granular activated carbon (GAC) filters. A concentrated H2O2 solution can be used as GAC modification reagent at 60 °C to improve its adsorption ability. However, whether low concentrations of H2O2 residuals from AOP can modify GAC, and the impact of H2O2 residuals on BrO3− removal by the subsequent GAC filter at ambient temperature, is unknown. This study evaluated the modification of GAC surface functional groups by residual H2O2 and its effect on BrO3− removal by GAC. Results showed that both H2O2 and BrO3− were effectively removed by virgin GAC, while pre-loaded and regenerated GACs removed H2O2 but not BrO3− anymore. At the ambient temperature 150 µmol/L H2O2 residuals consumed large amounts of functional groups, which resulted in the decrease of BrO3− removal by virgin GAC in the presence of H2O2 residuals. Redox reactions between BrO3− and surface functional groups played a dominant role in BrO3− removal by GAC, and only a small amount of BrO3− was removed by GAC adsorption. The higher the pH, the less BrO3− removal and the more H2O2 removal was observed.

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Tesis sobre el tema "GAC Adsorption"

Morell, Bonin Tyra. "Prestationsanalys av granulerataktivt kol (GAC) – en jämförelse mellan två etablerade GAC-typer". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-328611.

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Vattenverket Görväln i Järfälla planerar ett nytt vattenverk i framtiden, lokaliserat intill nuvarande vattenverk. Idag är den kemiska barriären, granulerat aktivt kol, ur funktion och utvärderas i det här projektet för att effektivisera processen. Den här studien fokuserar på att optimera den kemiska barriären genom att jämföra två sorter av granulerat aktivt kol (GAC). Jämförelsen sker genom analysering av löst organiskt kol (DOC), totalt organiskt kol (TOC), samt absorbans och fluorescens. Vattnet som använts i studien kommer direkt från det sandfiltrerade vattnet i Görvälnverkets reningsprocess. För att testa de olika GAC-sorterna konstruerades en kolonnuppsättning med överflödessystem. Syftet var att jämföra två olika GAC med kortare samt längre uppehållstid och deras absorberingsförmåga med avseende på DOC och TOC. Kolonner med längre kontakttid visade effektivare borttagning av DOC, TOC och fluorescerande ämnen oberoende av GAC-sort. Kolonner med FiltraSorb® 400 uppnår genombrott ungefär 30 % långsammare än Norit® 830 W för samma bäddvolymer. Skillnaden mellan längre kontakttid och kortare kontakttid var inte lika markant som skillnaden mellan GAC-sorterna. FiltraSorb® 400 presterade ungefär 30 % bättre vid borttagning av DOC och TOC jämfört mot Norit® 830 W. Adsorptionskapaciteten för Norit® 830 W försämrades betydligt snabbare än för FiltraSorb® 400. Det innebär att FiltraSorb® 400 behöver bakspolas mindre ofta och regenereras mer sällan än Norit® 830 W. FiltraSorb® 400 är därför den GAC-sort som rekommenderas för Görvälnverkets vatten med avseende på borttagning av DOC. Den här studien kommer att användas som underlag för pilotanläggningen som är stationerad intill kolonnuppställningen. Uppsättningen kommer också att användas för framtida kinetik och spårämnesförsök i vattenverket och på andra vattenverk.
There are multiple steps to be done in the drinking water treatment process. The product must obtain high quality and to do so, it must reach certain requirements. One of the treatment steps in Görväln water treatment plant, Stockholm, is to use granular active carbon (GAC). The GAC function is to filter away taste and odor in addition to acting as a chemical barrier, although the latter does not work properly in the water treatment plant today.The project´s aim is comparing the performance of two types of GAC, Norit® 830 W and FiltraSorb® 400, together with the effect of longer (21 minutes) and shorter (7 minutes) contact time (EBCT). The contact time (EBCT) is the time, in minutes, that a body of water is in contact with the GAC-filter. A longer EBCT, means lower flow, which leads to longer time for the GAC to adsorb contaminants from the water.To evaluate the difference between the GAC-types a column-test was constructed. The test allows a direct comparison to full scale operations. The water used during this study was taken directly after the sand filtration process in Görväln. The water is clear and particles visible to the naked eye are eliminated during the sand filtration. However, the small dissolved organic components (carbon) are hard to remove, which makes the GAC-filter important.The performance of the GAC was evaluated by the removal efficiency of TOC, DOC and evaluation of fluorescence and absorbance capacity. The result indicated a better performance for both GAC using a longer contact time. Best effect of the long contact time was seen during the fluorescence measurement, where calculated indexes and removal of specific compounds were distinguished.The difference between longer, 21 minutes, and shorter, 7 minutes, contact time was not as significant as the difference between the two types of GAC. FiltraSorb® 400 had a significant higher adsorbance capacity for DOC and TOC, 30 % better than Norit® 830 W, at the same bed volume. Norit® 830 W reached breakthrough much faster (~80 %) than FiltraSorb® 400 (~50%) at around 4700 bed volumes.

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Zheng, Jing. "Application of GAC adsorption in pulp and paper mill effluent treatment". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0019/MQ58522.pdf.

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Al-Attas, Omar. "Competitive Adsorption of Iron and Natural Organic Matter in Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23349.

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The treatment of potable water in Vars, ON is accomplished by filtering the colored, iron-laden groundwater through granular activated carbon (GAC) filters. When first installed, these filters unexpectedly experienced chromatographic displacements of iron into the produced water which resulted in orange-brown water at consumers’ taps. The treatment plant was later modified by adding potassium permanganate oxidation and a greensand filter prior to the GAC adsorption columns. Consequently, iron was almost completely removed and no longer caused operational problems. The main objective of this dissertation is to study the interactions between natural organic matter (NOM) and iron that caused the observed chromatographic effect. This study was divided into three main stages: a) characterization study on Vars groundwater and its treatment system; b) study of the competitive adsorption of iron with NOM in Vars groundwater; and c) evaluation of the rapid small-scale column test (RSSCT) for predicting the full-scale GAC column breakthroughs. The characterization of Vars groundwater showed that ferrous iron was found to be the dominant iron species, representing 90% of the total iron, and that 15 - 35% of the iron was complexed with NOM. It was hypothesized that the chromatographic displacement of iron from the GAC columns was caused by NOM-iron complexes; however, field mini-column experiments showed this was not the case. Thus, competitive adsorption between iron and NOM was seen as the more likely cause of the chromatographic effect. The adsorption capacity of ferrous iron in Vars raw water was less than that in organic-free water by a factor of 7 due to the competition with NOM over the GAC adsorbing sites. However, the NOM adsorption capacity was not reduced due to the presence of ferrous iron. It was hypothesized that ideal adsorption solution theory (IAST) models, which have been successful in describing competitive adsorption between target organic compounds and NOM, could model the competition between an inorganic compound such as ferrous iron and NOM. The hypothesis was proved to be correct, and the adsorption isotherm of iron in competition with NOM in Vars groundwater was simulated very well by several versions of the IAST model. However, none of the models were capable of simulating the competitive adsorption of NOM and ferrous iron simultaneously. Since the presence of iron did not significantly reduce the adsorption capacity of NOM, a simplified approach of using the single-solute NOM isotherm to represent the competitive NOM isotherm was recommended. The performance of the rapid small-scale column test (RSSCT) was evaluated in order to simulate the iron chromatographic effect observed at Vars’ full-scale GAC column. The RSSCT was not capable of predicting the iron phenomenon and the test proved to be problematic due to the oxidation and precipitation of iron within the small voids between the small-scale column’s GAC particles. The RSSCT, using constant and linear diffusivities, were applied to simulate the NOM adsorption after greensand treatment. Integrating both diffusivities, the tests predicted the onset and slope of the NOM breakthrough up to 10-L water treated/g GAC, which is equivalent to 250 days of operation time for the full-scale column. However, the NOM breakthroughs deviated beyond that point and the RSSCT using constant diffusivity underestimated the column performance greatly. On the other hand, the linear diffusivity RSSCT underestimated the performance to a lesser degree and its NOM breakthrough was quite parallel to the full-scale performance with lower NOM removals of 15%. The higher long-term NOM removal in the full-scale system may be explained by biodegradation, a phenomenon that was not considered by the short duration of RSSCT.

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Kelley, Thomas M. "Using Rapid Small Scale Column Testing to Evaluate Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption of Cyanotoxins from Drinking Water". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin150514901618082.

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Rosenzweig, Shirley Ferreira. "Adsorption of Copper (II) on Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNT): A study of adsorption mechanisms and comparative analysis with Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) F-400". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368026548.

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Qiu, Yong. "STUDY ON TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR PERFLUOROCHEMICALS IN WASTEWATER". Doctoral thesis, 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/44143.

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学位授与年月日: 2007-07-23 ; 学位の種類: 新制・課程博士 ; 学位記番号: 工博第2837号
Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) were produced by industries and consumed “safely” as surfactants, repellents, additives, fire-fighting foams, polymer emulsifiers and insecticides for almost fifty years. However they are now considered as persistent, bioaccumulated and toxic (PBT) chemicals, and ubiquitously distributed in waster, air, human body and biota. Although some efforts were contributed to reduce PFCs in environment, such as development of alternatives and recycling processes, huge amount of persisted PFCs have already been discharged in environment and accumulated in biota including humans. In some industrialized areas, such as Yodo river basin in Japan, water environment and human blood were polluted by some PFCs, and thus reduction and control of PFCs were urgently required for the purpose of environmental safety and human health in these areas. Unfortunately, some studies implied that current water and wastewater treatment processes seemed ineffective to remove PFCs in trace levels. Therefore, this study will try to develop some proper technologies to treat trace level of PFCs in wastewater. In order to achieve this main objective, several works have been accomplished as follows. 　Current available literature has been reviewed to obtain a solid background for this study. Basic information of PFCs was summarized in physiochemical properties, PBT properties, productions and applications, regulations and etc.. Analytical methods for PFCs, especially of LC-ESI-MS/MS, were reviewed including pretreatment processes in diverse matrices, which derived objectives of chapter III. Distributions and behavior of PFCs were briefly discussed in water environments, biota sphere and human bloods. Available control strategies were shown in detail about alternatives, industrial recycling processes, and newly developed treatment processes. Current wastewater treatment processes showed inefficient removal for some PFCs, deriving objectives of chapter IV on the PFC behavior in treatment process. Newly developed treatment technologies seemed able to decompose PFCs completely but unsuitable for application in WWTP. Therefore, granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption and ultra violet (UV) photolysis were developed in chapter V and VI as removal and degradation processes respectively. 　Fifteen kinds of PFCs were included in this study, consisting of twelve kinds of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) with 4~18 carbons and three kinds of perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFASs) with 4~8 carbons. An integral procedure was developed in chapter III to pretreat wastewater samples. LC-ESI-MS/MS was applied to quantify all PFCs in trace level. Pretreatment methods were optimized between C18 and WAX-SPE processes for aqueous samples, and between IPE, AD-WAX and ASE-WAX processes for particulate samples. Standard spiking experiments were regularly conducted for each wastewater sample to calculate recovery rate and control analytical quality. As the result, WAX-SPE showed better performance on samples with very high organics concentrations, and C18-SPE performed better for long-chained PFCs. ASE-WAX was proposed as the optimum method to pretreat particulate samples because of the simple and time saving operations. 9H-PFNA was used as internal standard to estimate matrix effect in wastewater. 　Behavior of PFCs in a municipal WWTP has been studied in chapter IV by periodical surveys for six times in half a year. All PFCs used in this study were detected in WWTP influent and effluent. According to their carbon chain lengths, all PFCs can be classified into “Medium”, “Long” and “Short” patterns to simplify behavior analysis. PFCs in same pattern showed similar properties and behavior in wastewater treatment facilities. Very high concentrations of PFCs existed in WWTP influent, indicating some point sources of industrial discharge in this area. “Medium” PFCs, such as PFOA(8), PFNA(9) and PFOS(8), were primary contaminants in the WWTP and poorly removed by overall process. Performances of individual facilities were estimated for removal of each PFC. Primary clarification and secondary clarification were helpful to remove all PFCs in both aqueous phase and particulate phase. “Medium” PFCs in aqueous phase were increased after activated sludge process, but other PFCs can be effectively removed. Ozone seemed ineffective to decompose PFCs because of the strong stability of PFC molecules. Sand filtration and biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration in this WWTP can not remove PFCs effectively too, which required further studies. Performances of combined processes were estimated by integrating individual facilities along the wastewater flow. Activated sludge process coupled with clarifiers showed satisfied removal of most PFCs in the investigated WWTP except “Medium” PFCs. 　Adsorption characteristics of PFCs onto GAC have been studied by batch experiments in chapter V. Freundlich equation and homogenous surface diffusion model (HSDM) were applied to interpret experimental data. Isothermal and kinetics experiments implied that PFC adsorption on GAC was directly related with their carbon chain lengths. By ascendant carbon chain length, adsorption capacity for specific PFC was increased, and diffusion coefficient (Ds) was decreased. Ds of GAC adsorption was also decreased gradually in smaller GAC diameters. Coexisted natural organic matters (NOMs) reduced adsorption capacities by mechanism of competition and carbon fouling. Carbon fouling was found reducing adsorption capacity much more intensively than competition by organics. Acidic bulk solution was slightly helpful for adsorption of PFCs. However adsorption velocity or kinetics was not affected by NOM and pH significantly. GAC from Wako Company showed the best performance among four kinds of GACs, and Filtra 400 from Calgon Company was considered more suitable to removal all PFCs among the commercial GACs. Preliminary RSSCT and SBA results implied that background organics broke through fixed GAC bed much earlier than trace level of PFCs. Medium-chained PFCs can be effectively removed by fixed bed filtration without concerning biological processes. 　Direct photolysis process has been developed in chapter VI to decompose PFCAs in river water. Irradiation at UV254 nm and UV254+185 nm can both degrade PFCAs. Stepwise decomposition mechanism of PFCAs was confirmed by mass spectra analysis, and consecutive kinetics was proposed to simulate experimental data. PFASs can also be degraded by UV254+185 photolysis, although the products have not been identified yet. Coexisted NOMs reduced performance of UV photolysis for PFCAs by competition for UV photons. Sample volume or irradiation intensity showed significant influence on degradation of PFCAs. Local river water polluted by PFOA can be cleaned up by UV254+185 photolysis effectively. Ozone-related processes were also studied but ineffective to degrade PFC molecules. However, PFCs could be removed in aeration flow by another mechanism.
京都大学
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第13340号
工博第2837号
新制||工||1417(附属図書館)
UT51-2007-M963
京都大学大学院工学研究科都市環境工学専攻
(主査)教授田中宏明, 教授藤井滋穂, 教授伊藤禎彦
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Doctor of Engineering
Kyoto University
DFAM

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Pereira, Claudia Mota Santos. "Comportamento de sistemas pós-filtros adsorvedores na remoção de compostos orgânicos precursores e subprodutos da desinfecção". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-14102009-104609/.

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de pós-filtros adsorvedores constituídos de Carvão Ativado Granular (CAG) na remoção de compostos orgânicos precursores e na formação de subprodutos da desinfecção, em particular dos trialometanos (THM) na Estação de Tratamento de Água Alto da Boa Vista (ETA ABV), abastecida por reservatórios de água bruta com elevado grau de eutrofização. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em ETA Piloto composta por tanque de reservação de água filtrada, ozonizador, tanque de reservação de água ozonizada e 4 pós-filtros adsorvedores, sendo duas unidades dotadas de CAG de origem mineral e duas unidades dotadas de CAG de origem vegetal. Os filtros foram operados em paralelo, sendo que duas colunas foram alimentadas com água filtrada da ETA ABV (Filtro F3 CAG de origem mineral e Filtro F4 CAG de origem vegetal) e as outras duas alimentadas com água filtrada e ozonizada (Filtro F1 CAG de origem mineral e Filtro F2 CAG de origem vegetal). A avaliação da remoção de compostos orgânicos precursores e formação de subprodutos da desinfecção foi feita através de análises de carbono orgânico total (COT), UV-254 nm e formação de THM. A análise dos resultados gerados de julho de 2007 a dezembro de 2008 permitiu concluir que 93% do THM é formado nas primeiras 24 horas de contato da amostra com o cloro, simulando a pós cloração e pós alcalinização da ETA ABV. O processo de oxidação por ozônio não foi efetivo na remoção de THM instantâneo, visto que a média dos 38 valores de THM instantâneo para a água filtrada (17,8 ± 5,6 g/L) foi igual a média obtida para o THM instantâneo na água ozonizada. A remoção de THM pelos filtros de CAG foi mais significativa nos primeiros três meses de operação do sistema, apresentando remoção de 80% para os filtros com CAG de origem mineral e 70% para os filtros com CAG de origem vegetal, a partir do quarto mês de operação do sistema a remoção de THM caiu para um valor médio de 34%, o que mostra uma iminente saturação do leito adsorvedor. Os pós-filtros adsorvedores constituídos de CAG de origem mineral apresentaram melhor comportamento com respeito a remoção de THM e COT quando comparado com os pós-filtros dotados de CAG de origem vegetal.
The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the performance of a Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) post-filter adsorbers in the removal of organic precursors and in the formation of disinfection byproducts, especially trihalomethanes (THM) in Alto da Boa Vista Water Treatment Plant (ABV WTP), which takes raw water from a highly eutrophized reservoirs. The tests was conducted on a Pilot WTP composed of filtered water tank, ozonator, ozonized water tank, and four post-filter adsorbers: two units with mineral GAC media and two units with vegetal GAC media. The filters were operated in parallel, with two columns fed with filtered water from ABV WTP (F3 Filter mineral GAC and F4 Filter vegetal GAC) and the other fed with ozonized water (F1 Filter mineral GAC and F2 Filter vegetal GAC). The evaluation of the removal of organic precursors and the formation of disinfection byproducts was made through analysis of Total Organic Carbon (TOC), UV-254 nm and THM formation. The results generated from July 2007 to December 2008 showed that 93% of THM is formed in the first 24 hours of contact with the chlorine in the sample, simulating the post chlorination and post alkalinization of ABV WTP in samples of filtered water, ozonized water, and post-filter adsorbers effluent. Ozone oxidation process was not effective in removing THM. Was found the same instantaneous THM values in the filtered water (17.8 g/L± 5.6 g/L) and in the ozonized water. During the first three months of post-filter adsorber operation, THM removal efficiencies were around 80% for F1 and F3 (mineral GAC media) and around 70% for F2 and F4 (vegetal GAC media). After four months of operation, THM removal efficiencies decreased to 34% average value, thus indicative of GAC saturation. Regarding THM and TOC removal efficacy, the mineral GAC performed better than the vegetal GAC.

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Skoglund, Oskar. "Evaluation of bark material and granulated active carbon for treatment of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in wastewater". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317453.

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a group of artificial chemicals which have been used in a wide area of applications such as surface protection agents in cloths and different industrial applications. It has been found that PFASs are potentially toxic and are frequently found in the environment due to their persistent and mobile properties. Effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as an important point source of PFASs. Bark, by-product from the paper and wood industry, is a low-cost adsorbent and has the potential to be used as a filter material for PFASs in WWTPs. In this study, the removal of PFASs in wastewater has been investigated using granulated active carbon (GAC) (n = 2) and bark (n = 2) in a pilot scale experiment at Kungsängsverket, Uppsala over a period of five weeks. The specific objects included: i) investigate the influence of flow-rate (10, 30 40 and 60 Ld-1 ) on the removal efficiency of PFASs in the GAC and bark filters, ii) investigate the influence of particle size of bark on the removal efficiency of PFASs and iii) establish what circumstances that potentially promotes removal of PFASs in GAC and bark filters. The results showed that GAC was the most effective method compared to bark, with a reduction of 73-93%, with increasing efficiency under low flow (10-30 L d-1 ) conditions. The removal efficiency of bark was 45% with a particle size of 2-5 mm and under low flow conditions (10-30 L d-1 ), while under high flow conditions (60 L d-1 ) with the same particle size the removal of PFASs was not efficient, instead the total PFAS concentration increased with 40%. In contrast, bark with a particle size of 5-7 mm proved to be not efficient in removing PFASs (removal efficiency = 0%). In general, the removal efficiency increased with smaller particle size of the adsorbent and lower flow rate. The results indicate that bark may be a low-cost alternative in reducing PFASs from wastewater, under certain conditions.
Per- och polyfluroalkyla ämnen (PFAS) är en familj av artificiella fluorerade organiska föreningar som har använts sedan 1950-talet i en rad olika applikationer, såsom impregnering i kläder. Studier har visat att PFAS är potentiellt toxiska och att de förekommer globalt på grund av deras persistenta och mobila egenskaper. Spillvatten från avloppsreningsverk etablerats som en betydande källa för PFAS. Bark, vilket är en biprodukt från pappers- och träindustrin, är ett poröst material vilket möjligen kan användas som adsorbent av PFAS. Denna studie har jämfört effektiviteten hos granulerat aktivt kol (GAC) och bark för att minska PFAS i avloppsvatten. Experimentet var utformat som ett småskaligt kolonn-experiment vid Kungsängsängsverket, Uppsala, och pågick under en fem veckors period. Frågeställningen var att i) studera vilka effekter flödes-hastigheten (10, 30, 40 och 60 L d-1 ) har på reduktionen av PFAS hos GAC och barkfiltren, ii) studera vilka effekter partikelstorleken hos bark har på reduktion av PFAS och iii) redogöra vilka förhållanden som potentiellt gynnar reduktionen av PFAS i GAC och bark filtren. Resultaten visade att GAC var det mest effektiva av de två materialen, med en total reduktion på 73- 93% av PFAS, med ökande effektivitet under låga flödesförhållanden (10-30 L d-1 ). Bark minskade den totala mängden av PFAS med 45% då partikelstorleken var 2-5 mm och under låga flödesförhållanden (10-30 L d-1 ) medan bark med samma partikelstorlek under ökade flödesförhållanden (60 L d-1 ) visade en ökning på 40% av PFAS i det utgående vattnet. Bark med en partikelstorlek på 5-7 mm visade ingen reduktion av PFAS. Generellt visade resultaten att reduktionen av PFAS ökar under låga flödesförhållanden och minskad partikelstorlek. Resultaten visade att bark kan vara ett alternativt material för att minska PFAS i avloppsvatten förutsatt att gynnsamma förhållanden upprätthålls.

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Villars, Kathryn E. Villars. "Removal of Microcystin-LR from Drinking Water Using Granular Activated Carbon". The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1532007603377473.

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Battrum, M. J. "Gas separation by adsorption". Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376289.

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Libros sobre el tema "GAC Adsorption"

Cornwell, David A. Assessment of GAC adsorption for radon removal. Denver, CO: AWWA Research Foundation and American Water Works Association, 1999.

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Graese, Sandra L. GAC filter-adsorbers. Denver, Colo: American Water Works Association, 1987.

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AWWA Seminar on Engineering Considerations for Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Treatment Facilities (1990 Cincinnati, Ohio). Proceedings: AWWA Seminar on Engineering Considerations for Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Treatment Facilities ; [presented at the] Annual Conference, Cincinnati, Ohio, June 17-21, 1990. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association, 1990.

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Berezkin, V. G. Capillary gas adsorption chromatography. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2008.

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Berezkin, V. G. Capillary gas adsorption chromatography. Heidelberg: Hüthig Verlag, 1996.

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Gas separation by adsorption processes. London: Imperial College Press, 1997.

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Yang, R. T. Gas separation by adsorption processes. Singapore: World Scientific, 1997.

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Yang, R. T. Gas separation by adsorption processes. Boston: Butterworths, 1987.

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Gas chromatography in adsorption and catalysis. Chichester, West Sussex: Ellis Horwood, 1986.

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Grant Glover, T. y Bin Mu, eds. Gas Adsorption in Metal-Organic Frameworks. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2018]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469770.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "GAC Adsorption"

Allen, Terence. "Gas adsorption". En Particle Size Measurement, 540–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0417-0_16.

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Lowell, S., Joan E. Shields, Martin A. Thomas y Matthias Thommes. "Gas Adsorption". En Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders: Surface Area, Pore Size and Density, 5–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2303-3_2.

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Lowell, S. y Joan E. Shields. "Gas adsorption". En Powder Surface Area and Porosity, 7–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7955-1_2.

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Armstrong, Mitchell, Bohan Shan y Bin Mu. "Thermodynamics of Adsorption". En Gas Adsorption in Metal-Organic Frameworks, 83–108. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2018]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469770-3.

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Schröter, H. J. y H. Jüntgen. "Gas Separation by Pressure Swing Adsorption Using Carbon Molecular Sieves". En Adsorption: Science and Technology, 269–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2263-1_15.

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Rudziński, W. "Fundamentals of Single-Gas and Mixed-Gas Adsorption on Heterogeneous Solid Surfaces". En Physical Adsorption: Experiment, Theory and Applications, 181–240. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5672-1_9.

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Mann, R. y G. Thomson. "Interpretation of Low Temperature Gas Adsorption and Desorption Using Stochastic Pore Networks". En Adsorption: Science and Technology, 63–77. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2263-1_5.

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Stehmann, Friederike y Stephan Scholl. "Off Gas Cleaning by Adsorption". En Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management, 187–206. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70572-9_11.

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Lowell, S., Joan E. Shields, Martin A. Thomas y Matthias Thommes. "Chemisorption: Site Specific Gas Adsorption". En Characterization of Porous Solids and Powders: Surface Area, Pore Size and Density, 213–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2303-3_12.

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Wang, Lawrence K., Jerry R. Taricska, Yung-Tse Hung y Kathleen Hung Li. "Gas-Phase Activated Carbon Adsorption". En Air Pollution Control Engineering, 395–420. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-778-9_10.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "GAC Adsorption"

Ilavský, Ján, Danka Barloková y Ondrej Kapusta. "Removal of Humic Substances in Water by Granular Activated Carbon". En Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.078.

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The basic characteristics of humic substances and their negative influence on water quality and its treatment are described. The paper presents the results of removing humic substances from water from the Hriňová (Slovakia) water reservoir with the addition of humic substances using granular activated carbon (GAC) from two producers (Chemviron, Cabot) at three different pH levels of water. The results of static experiments involving the removal efficiency of humic substances using TOC parameters and the instantaneous water adsorption capacity, which uses materials at the contact time of the water with GAC material, was calculated. The results show that the pH of the water had no significant effect on the change in the efficiency of removing humic substances from water. A high level of efficiency (50%) and the lowest value of TOC are obtained at a pH of 6.5. The GAC adsorption capacity of humic substances, depending on the contact time with the water, ranged from 0.17 mg/g for one hour to 0.56 mg/g for eight hours of contact time. The most effective material was Filtrasorb F400.

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Amato, Luigi, Nadarajah Manivannan, Wamadeva Balachandran, Francesco di Natale, Maysam Abbod y Manickam Jayamurthy. "DBD plasma for NOx adsorption and desorption-reduction using GAC for the marine emissions control". En 2017 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ias.2017.8101692.

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Hosseinzadeh, Seyedahmad. "Closed hydroponic systems: a kinetic study for the adsorption of root exudates on GAC and SMC". En 5th International Conference on Innovation in Science and Technology. acavent, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/5ist.2018.12.103.

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Ortiz, I., N. Diban, G. Ruiz y A. Urtiaga. "Adsorption onto Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) as an Emerging Technology for the Recovery of Aroma Compounds in the Fruit Juice Industry". En 13th World Congress of Food Science & Technology. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/iufost:20060824.

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SIRCAR, SHIVAJI. "ADSORPTION TECHNOLOGY FOR GAS SEPARATION". En Proceedings of the Third Pacific Basin Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704320_0009.

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Stepanek, I., L. C. de Menorval, R. Edwards y P. Bernier. "Carbon nanotubes and gas adsorption". En ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF NOVEL MATERIALS--SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF MOLECULAR NANOSTRUCTURES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.59867.

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Simgen, Hardy. "Adsorption techniques for gas purification". En TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON LOW RADIOACTIVITY TECHNIQUES: LRT 2004. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2060462.

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KELLER, J. U., N. IOSSIFOVA, W. ZIMMERMANN, F. DREISBACH y R. STAUDT. "EXPERIMENTAL METHODS FOR SINGLE AND MULTI-COMPONENT GAS ADSORPTION EQUILIBRIA". En Selected Reports at the 4th Pacific Basin Conference on Adsorption Science and Technology. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812770264_0004.

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Murthy, D. S., S. V. Sivakumar, Keshav Kant y D. P. Rao. "Process Intensification in a ‘Simulated Moving-Bed’ Heat Regenerator". En ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56297.

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The solid-gas contacting for thermal storage and thermal recovery is generally carried out in fixed-bed regenerators. Compared to a fixed bed, higher thermal recovery can be achieved in a moving bed with countercurrent flow of gas and solids. However, the moving beds have not been widely used due to difficulties in solid handling. The relative movement of the bed to the gas flow can be simulated in a fixed bed by moving the inlet and outlet ports of the gas along the length of the bed. Similar simulated moving-beds are already in use for adsorptive separation of liquid mixtures in chemical industries. A Novel Moving-Port system is proposed to achieve simulated moving-bed operation in a fixed bed. We have carried out studies to evaluate the relative performance of the fixed and the simulated moving bed heat regenerators. We have examined the feasibility of replacing a set of three blast furnaces and thermal regeneration of an adsorption bed with the simulated moving-bed regenerator. It is found that high heat transfer intensification can be achieved. The results indicate that the volume of the Simulated Moving-Bed regenerator required is about 100 times smaller than the blast-furnace stoves. The heat transfer intensification is high enough to carry out thermal regeneration of the adsorption beds in a cycle time that is in the range of the pressure swing adsorption, which is favored for its faster rate of regeneration.

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Avanessian, Tadeh y Gisuk Hwang. "Adsorption-Based Thermal Rectifier". En ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2015-48508.

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Controlling thermal energy transport (thermal diode) for the desired direction is crucial to improve the efficiency of thermal energy transport, conversion, and storage systems as electrical diodes significantly impact on modern electronic systems. The degree of thermal rectification is measured by the difference between the heat transfer rate in favorable and unfavorable directions to the heat transfer rate in the unfavorable direction. A gas-filled, nano-gap structure with two different surface coatings is considered to design the thermal rectifier. In such a structure where the characteristic length scale is similar to the order of the mean free path of the fluid particles (Knudsen flow regime), the effective thermal conductivity is dominantly controlled by the gas-surface interaction, i.e., thermal accommodation coefficient. For the thermal rectification, the adsorption-based, nonlinear thermal accommodation coefficient change is a key design parameter. Here, these are examined using the kinetic theory for various pressure and temperature ranges. Optimal material selections are also discussed.

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Informes sobre el tema "GAC Adsorption"

Veronica J. Rutledge. Adsorption Model for Off-Gas Separation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo de 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1017866.

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Lyon, Kevin L., Amy K. Welty, Jack Law, Austin Ladshaw, Sotira Yiacoumi y Costas Tsouris. Off-Gas Adsorption Model Capabilities and Recommendations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1260462.

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Reucroft, P. J., K. B. Patel, W. C. Russell y R. Sekhar. Modeling of Equilibrium Gas Adsorption for Multicomponent Vapor Mixtures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto de 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada159632.

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Bruffey, Stephanie H., Robert Thomas Jubin y J. A. Jordan. Organic Iodine Adsorption by AgZ under Prototypical Vessel Off-Gas Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1328332.

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Bruffey, Stephanie H. y Robert Thomas Jubin. Iodine Adsorption by Ag-Aerogel under Prototypical Vessel Off-Gas Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1329760.

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Allendorf, Mark D., Joseph C. Sanders y Jeffery A. Greathouse. Computational investigation of noble gas adsorption and separation by nanoporous materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octubre de 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/943323.

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Reucroft, P. J., H. K. Patel, W. C. Russell y W. M. Kim. Modeling of Equilibrium Gas Adsorption for Multicomponent Vapor Mixtures. Part 2. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, octubre de 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada174058.

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Jubin, Robert Thomas, Jacob A. Jordan y Stephanie A. Bruffey. Extended Elemental Iodine Adsorption by AgZ under Prototypical Vessel Off-Gas Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1470865.

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Croft, David T., Scott M. Maurer y David K. Friday. CO2 Adsorption Equilibria on 5A and 13X Molecular Sieves at Elevated Carrier Gas Pressures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, enero de 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada342873.

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Anil V. Virkar. CATHODES FOR LOW TEMPERATURE SOFC: ISSUES CONCERNING INTERFERENCE FROM INERT GAS ADSORPTION AND CHARGE TRANSFER. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mayo de 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833623.

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