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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Gas channels"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 17 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Gas channels"

Gruznov, Vladimir M. y Alexander B. Vorozhtsov. "Gas-Dynamic Kinetics of Vapour Sampling in the Detection of Explosives". Molecules 24, n.º 23 (3 de diciembre de 2019): 4409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234409.

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The dynamic sorption concentration of explosive vapours on concentrators made of a metal mesh, and the transportation of explosive vapours through the extended metal channels are considered. The efficiency of the concentration and transportation is determined by the breakthrough of the substance’s molecules through the channels. The research methods we used were breakthrough calculation theory and experiment. When calculating the breakthrough, a mesh was presented as a set of parallel identical channels. Wire mesh and extended channels were made of stainless steel. The breakthrough is determined through the specific frequency of the collisions between the molecules and the channel’s surface. This is presented as a function of the ratio of the substance diffusion flow to the channel’s surface to the airflow through the channel. The conditions for high-speed concentration, complete capture of explosive vapours, and low vapour losses during their transportation through the extended channels were determined theoretically and experimentally. For a concentrator made of a mesh, the condition of a high concentration rate at a high breakthrough (up to 80%) was determined. The described sorption concentration is used in portable gas chromatographic detectors of explosive vapours of the EKHO series.

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Walewska, Agnieszka, Adam Szewczyk y Piotr Koprowski. "Gas Signaling Molecules and Mitochondrial Potassium Channels". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, n.º 10 (18 de octubre de 2018): 3227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103227.

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Recently, gaseous signaling molecules, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which were previously considered to be highly toxic, have been of increasing interest due to their beneficial effects at low concentrations. These so-called gasotransmitters affect many cellular processes, such as apoptosis, proliferation, cytoprotection, oxygen sensing, ATP synthesis, and cellular respiration. It is thought that mitochondria, specifically their respiratory complexes, constitute an important target for these gases. On the other hand, increasing evidence of a cytoprotective role for mitochondrial potassium channels provides motivation for the analysis of the role of gasotransmitters in the regulation of channel function. A number of potassium channels have been shown to exhibit activity within the inner mitochondrial membrane, including ATP-sensitive potassium channels, Ca2+-activated potassium channels, voltage-gated Kv potassium channels, and TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ channel 3 (TASK-3). The effects of these channels include the regulation of mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential. Additionally, they may modulate the synthesis of reactive oxygen species within mitochondria. The opening of mitochondrial potassium channels is believed to induce cytoprotection, while channel inhibition may facilitate cell death. The molecular mechanisms underlying the action of gasotransmitters are complex. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of H2S, NO, and CO on potassium channels present within mitochondria.

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Похабов, Д. А., А. Г. Погосов, Е. Ю. Жданов, А. К. Бакаров y А. А. Шкляев. "Двухканальный электронный транспорт в подвешенных квантовых точечных контактах с боковыми затворами". Физика и техника полупроводников 54, n.º 12 (2020): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2020.12.50235.9512.

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The conductance of a suspended quantum point contact fabricated from GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures with a two-dimensional electron gas, equipped with the in-plane side gates separated from the constriction using lithographical trenches, is studied. The conductance as a function of the gate voltages demonstrates unusual double-channel regime with independent channel’s conductance quantization: two side gates can drive the conductance of the separate channels independently. A possible electrostatic mechanism of the double-channel structure formation inside a single constriction is connected with the lateral redistribution of the low-mobility X-valley electrons contained in superlattice layers, resulting in the emergence of the potential barrier in the middle of quantum point contact, separating the conducting electrons into two channels, symmetrically shifted towards the lithographical trenches, defining the nanostructure geometry.

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Offermans, Peter, Roman Vitushinsky, Mercedes Crego-Calama y Sywert H. Brongersma. "Gas Sensing with AlGaN/GaN 2DEG Channels". Procedia Engineering 25 (2011): 1417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.12.350.

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Schneider, I. A., D. Kramer, A. Wokaun y G. G. Scherer. "Oscillations in Gas Channels". Journal of The Electrochemical Society 154, n.º 8 (2007): B770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2742291.

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Schneider, I. A., S. A. Freunberger, D. Kramer, A. Wokaun y G. G. Scherer. "Oscillations in Gas Channels". Journal of The Electrochemical Society 154, n.º 4 (2007): B383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2435706.

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Herrera, Marcela y Jeffrey L. Garvin. "Aquaporins as gas channels". Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 462, n.º 4 (2 de agosto de 2011): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-011-1002-x.

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Szwast, Maciej y Zbigniew Szwast. "A Mathematical Model of Membrane Gas Separation with Energy Transfer by Molecules of Gas Flowing in a Channel to Molecules Penetrating this Channel from the Adjacent Channel". Chemical and Process Engineering 36, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2015): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2015-0012.

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Abstract The paper presents the mathematical modelling of selected isothermal separation processes of gaseous mixtures, taking place in plants using membranes, in particular nonporous polymer membranes. The modelling concerns membrane modules consisting of two channels - the feeding and the permeate channels. Different shapes of the channels cross-section were taken into account. Consideration was given to co-current and counter-current flows, for feeding and permeate streams, respectively, flowing together with the inert gas receiving permeate. In the proposed mathematical model it was considered that pressure of gas changes along the length of flow channels was the result of both - the drop of pressure connected with flow resistance, and energy transfer by molecules of gas flowing in a given channel to molecules which penetrate this channel from the adjacent channel. The literature on membrane technology takes into account only the drop of pressure connected with flow resistance. Consideration given to energy transfer by molecules of gas flowing in a given channel to molecules which penetrate this channel from the adjacent channel constitute the essential novelty in the current study. The paper also presents results of calculations obtained by means of a computer program which used equations of the derived model. Physicochemical data concerning separation of the CO2/CH4 mixture with He as the sweep gas and data concerning properties of the membrane made of PDMS were assumed for calculations.

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Alexiadis, A., M. P. Dudukovic, P. Ramachandran, A. Cornell, J. Wanngård y A. Bokkers. "The Flow Pattern in Single and Multiple Submerged Channels with Gas Evolution at the Electrodes". International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/392613.

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We show that the gas-liquid flow pattern in a single gas-evolving electrochemical channel can be remarkably different from the flow pattern in multiple submerged gas-evolving electrochemical channels. This is due to the fact that in a single channel there is a higher accumulation of small bubbles and these can considerably affect the liquid velocity pattern which in turn may affect the performance of a cell. Since experimental work is often carried out in single channels, while industrial applications almost always involve multiple channels, this study provides insight into the factors that affect the flow pattern in each situation and establishes the basis for relating the behavior of single-and multiple-channel devices.

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Bantel, Carsten, Mervyn Maze y Stefan Trapp. "Noble Gas Xenon Is a Novel Adenosine Triphosphate-sensitive Potassium Channel Opener". Anesthesiology 112, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 2010): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181cf894a.

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Background Adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in brain are involved in neuroprotective mechanisms. Pharmacologic activation of these channels is seen as beneficial, but clinical exploitation by using classic K channel openers is hampered by their inability to cross the blood-brain barrier. This is different with the inhalational anesthetic xenon, which recently has been suggested to activate KATP channels; it partitions freely into the brain. Methods To evaluate the type and mechanism of interaction of xenon with neuronal-type KATP channels, these channels, consisting of Kir6.2 pore-forming subunits and sulfonylurea receptor-1 regulatory subunits, were expressed in HEK293 cells and whole cell, and excised patch-clamp recordings were performed. Results Xenon, in contrast to classic KATP channel openers, acted directly on the Kir6.2 subunit of the channel. It had no effect on the closely related, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-regulated Kir1.1 channel and failed to activate an ATP-insensitive mutant version of Kir6.2. Furthermore, concentration-inhibition curves for ATP obtained from inside-out patches in the absence or presence of 80% xenon revealed that xenon reduced the sensitivity of the KATP channel to ATP. This was reflected in an approximately fourfold shift of the concentration causing half-maximal inhibition (IC50) from 26 +/- 4 to 96 +/- 6 microm. Conclusions Xenon represents a novel KATP channel opener that increases KATP currents independently of the sulfonylurea receptor-1 subunit by reducing ATP inhibition of the channel. Through this action and by its ability to readily partition across the blood-brain barrier, xenon has considerable potential in clinical settings of neuronal injury, including stroke.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Gas channels"

Tribbe, Christian. "Gas/liquid flow in cylindrical and corrugated channels". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244760.

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Wu, Xuemei. "Monte-Carlo modeling of turbulent dispersion of small particles in channels". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17389.

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Goodwin, William A. "The characteristics of reduced-density channels in NH3-N2 gas mixtures". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22941.

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A CO2 laser was used to generate reduced-density channels in various gas mixtures of ammonia and nitrogen. Interferometers were used to record the changing density resulting from the NH3 absorption of the CO2 laser radiation. One method used to determine the characteristics of the channel was based on the assumption that the resulting density profile was Gaussian shaped. The second method used the Abel Integral Transformation, requiring no pre-conditions on the density profile expect that it was cylindrically symmetric. While used extensively in plasma spectroscopy, this technique is not generally well known for analyzing interferometric data. The results show that for a fixed laser energy long, shallow reduced density channels were formed in gas mixtures of low ammonia concentration and short, deep channels were formed in gas mixtures high ammonia concentration. These results qualitatively agree with an earlier experiment in which gas mixtures of nitrogen and sulfur-hexafluoride were used. Both experiments support the concept of reduced-density channel formation and lay the foundation for future studies of relativistic electron beam propagation for application in the Strategic Defense Initiative. Keywords: Reduced density channel; Fringe data; Interferogram; Zero Fringe Line; Reference mark; Channel depth; Channel width; Carbon dioxide laser; Theses. (MGM)

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Dounia, Omar. "Numerical investigation of gas explosion phenomena in confined and obstructed channels". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/20584/1/DOUNIA_Omar.pdf.

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Mining, process and energy industries suffer from billions of dollars of worldwide losses every year due to Vapour Cloud Explosions (VCE). Moreover, explosion accidents are often tragic and lead to a high number of severe injuries and fatalities. The VCE scenario is complex and controlled by various mechanisms. The interplay among them is still not entirely understood. Understanding all these intricate processes is of vital importance and requires detailed experimental diagnostics. Coupling accurate numerical simulations to well documented experiments can allow an elaborate description of these phenomena. This thesis focuses on explosions occurring on configurations that are either semi-confined or confined. In such configurations, the explosion is generally initiated by a mild ignition and a subsonic flame front emerges from the ignition source. An important feature of self-propagating flames lies in their intrinsically unstable nature. When they propagate in an environment with high levels of confinement and congestion, which is the case in most industrial sites, a Flame Acceleration (FA) process is often observed that can give rise to very fast flames, known for their destructive potential. In some cases, the FA process can create the appropriate conditions for the initiation of detonations, which corresponds to a rapid escalation of the explosion hazard. To reproduce the confinement and congestion conditions that one can find in industrial sites, the university of Munich TUM equipped a confined chamber with a series of obstacles and analysed the influence of repeated obstructions on the propagation of hydrogen/air deflagrations. This experimental study showed a strong influence of the mixture composition on the acceleration process. A Deflagration to Detonation Transition (DDT) has also been observed for a certain range of equivalence ratio. This configuration is therefore ideal to study the mechanisms of flame acceleration as well as the intricate DDT process. A numerical study of both scenarios is performed in this thesis: -First for a lean premixed hydrogen/air mixture, a strong flame acceleration is observed experimentally without DDT. The characteristic features of the explosion are well reproduced numerically using a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach. The crucial importance of confinement and repeated flame-obstacle interactions in producing very fast deflagrations is highlighted. -DDT is observed experimentally for a stoichiometric hydrogen/air mixture. This thesis focuses on the instants surrounding the DDT event, using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS). Particular attention is drawn to the impact of the chemistry modelling on the detonation scenario. The failure of preventive measures is often observed in many explosion accidents. To avoid a rapid escalation of the explosion scenario, mitigative procedures must be triggered when a gas leak or an ignition is detected. Metal salts (like potassium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate) have received considerable attention recently because well-controlled experiments showed their high efficiency in inhibiting fires. The last part of the thesis focused on the mechanism of flame inhibition by sodium bicarbonate particles. First, criteria based on the particle sizes are established to characterize the inhibition efficiency of the particles. Second, two dimensional numerical simulations of a planar flame propagating in a stratified layer of very fine sodium bicarbonate particles showed that under certain conditions these powders can act as combustion enhancers. These results echo a number of experimental observations on the possible counter-effects of the inhibitors.

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Sundberg, Jenny. "Heat Transfer Correlations for Gas Turbine Cooling". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5446.

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A first part of a ”Heat Transfer Handbook” about correlations for internal cooling of gas turbine vanes and blades has been created. The work is based on the cooling of vanes and blades 1 and 2 on different Siemens Gas Turbines. The cooling methods increase the heat transfer in the cooling channels by increasing the heat transfer coefficient and/or increasing the heat transfer surface area. The penalty paid for the increased heat transfer is higher pressure losses.

Three cooling methods, called rib turbulated cooling, matrix cooling and impingement cooling were investigated. Rib turbulated cooling and impingement cooling are typically used in the leading edge or mid region of the airfoil and matrix cooling is mostly applied in the trailing edge region.

Literature studies for each cooling method, covering both open literature and internal reports, were carried out in order to find correlations developed from tests. The correlations were compared and analyzed with focus on suitability for use in turbine conditions. The analysis resulted in recommendations about what correlations to use for each cooling method.

For rib turbulated cooling in square or rectangular ducts, four correlations developed by Han and his co-workers [3.5], [3.8], [3.9] and [3.6] are recommended, each valid for different channel and rib geometries. For U-shaped channels, correlations of Nagoga [3.4] are recommended.

Matrix cooling is relatively unknown in west, but has been used for many years in the former Soviet Union. Therefore available information in open literature is limited. Only one source of correlations was found. The correlations were developed by Nagoga [4.2] and are valid for closed matrixes. Siemens Gas Turbines are cooled with open matrixes, why further work with developing correlations is needed.

For impingement cooling on a flat target plate, a correlation of Florschuetz et al. [5.7] is recommended for inline impingement arrays. For staggered arrays, both the correlations of Florschuetz et al. [5.7] and Höglund [5.8] are suitable. The correlations for impingement on curved target plate gave very different results. The correlation of Nagoga is recommended, but it is also advised to consult the other correlations when calculating heat transfer for a specific case.

Another part of the work has been to investigate the codes of two heat transfer programs named Q3D and Multipass, used in the Siemens offices in Finspång and Lincoln, respectively. Certain changes in the code are recommended.

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Penache, Dan Lucius. "Heavy ion beam transport in laser initiated high current gas discharge channels". Phd thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/diss/000245.

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Khamaj, J. A. J. "An experimental study of heat transfer in the cooling channels of gas turbine rotor blades". Thesis, Swansea University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637783.

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This thesis presents an investigation of experimental research into the effect of rotation on the convective heat transfer mechanism inside the cooling channels of turbine rotor blades. These involved the selection of eleven different channel geometries and these have been designated alphabetically by the letters 'A' through 'K' respectively. These channels involve a collection of basic geometrical duct cross sectional shapes with the incorporation of ribbed surfaces. The leading and trailing edges of the duct are fitted with in-line or staggered ribs aligned at 30° to 45° to the central axis of the duct. The leading and trailing edges are heated using electrical foil heaters bonded underneath copper plates on which a particular rib configuration was machined. The other two sides of the test sections would be deemed adiabatic. The centre lines of the heated leading and trailing edges were fitted with thirteen foil thermocouples. The coolant used was air with the flow direction in the radially outward direction. Test section A was square in cross section with 'in-line' ribs fitted to the leading and trailing edges. The ribs were inclined at 45° to the direction of coolant flow, which was radially outward. Test sections 'B', 'C' and 'D', were used to examine experimentally the effect of the aspect ratio of rectangular-sectioned ducts cross sections. The respective aspect ratios of test channels 'B', 'C' and 'D' were 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0. Each channel was fitted with staggered ribs inclined at 45° to the direction of flow. Test section 'D' was used to examine the effect of a rectangular channel having an angular inclination relative to the plane of rotation. In other words the heated leading and trailing edges of the channel were skewed to simulate the fact that, in a cambered rotor blade, these edges were inclined to the plane of rotation. Relative to the case of in line rotation, test sections 'E' and 'F' were inclined at 30° and 60° (clock wise) to the plane of rotation. Similarly test sections 'G' and 'H' had inclinations of -30° and -60° respectively.

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Siow, Erh Chang. "Numerical solution of a two-phase model for laminar film condensation of vapour-gas mixtures in channels". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62848.pdf.

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Göhring, Michael [Verfasser]. "Numerical Investigation of Internal Two-Pass Gas Turbine Cooling Channels Under the Influence of Rotation / Michael Göhring". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219470112/34.

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Liu, Yao-Hsien. "Heat transfer in leading and trailing edge cooling channels of the gas turbine blade under high rotation numbers". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3196.

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Libros sobre el tema "Gas channels"

Vilemas, Jurgis. Heat transfer in gas-cooled annular channels. Editado por Chesna B, Survila V, Zhukauskas A. A. 1923- y Karni J. Washington [D.C.]: Hemisphere Pub. Corp., 1987.

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V, Simonis y Adomaitis J. E, eds. Heat transfer augmentation in gas-cooled channels. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1994.

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1923-, Zhukauskas A. A., ed. Radiation and combined heat transfer in channels. Washington: Hemisphere Pub., 1987.

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Goodwin, William A. The characteristics of reduced-density channels in NH3-N2 gas mixtures. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1988.

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Wayman, James L. A variance detector for signal-gap discrimination in noisy speech channels. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 1985.

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Rodrigue, D. MR-06, Channel Armor gap crevasse: Summary data and graphics. Baton Rouge, La: Louisiana Department of Natural Resources, Coastal Restoration Division, Biological Monitoring Section, 2003.

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Junjie, Wang y Peng Leiqing, eds. Ying xiao qu dao jue ce yu guan li: Marking channels : decision and management. 3^a ed. Beijing: Zhongguo ren min da xue chu ban she, 2015.

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Chang, Tony H. D. Effects of interfacial level gradient and channel slope on interfacial shear stress in near-horizontal stratified gas-liquid flows. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1993.

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Ni, Pengfei. Chengdu cheng shi guo ji ying xiao zhan lue: Chuang zao tian yuan cheng shi de shi jie biao gan = Strategies of Chengdu's international city marketing. Beijing Shi: She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she, 2010.

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Capsuto, Steven. Alternate channels: The uncensored story of gay and lesbian images on radio and television. New York: Ballantine Books, 2000.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Gas channels"

Apollonov, Victor. "Interaction of an OPD with a Gas". En High-Conductivity Channels in Space, 39–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02952-4_4.

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Zhdanov, V. M. "Kinetic Phenomena in the Rarefied Gas Mixtures Flowing Through Channels". En Rarefied Gas Dynamics, 1255–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2467-6_57.

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Jarinov, V. G. "Vacuum Ejectors with Appreciably Uneven Flows in Channels at Low Reynolds Numbers". En Rarefied Gas Dynamics, 1405–12. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2467-6_72.

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Alducin, Maite, Ricardo Díez Muiño y J. Iñaki Juaristi. "Energy Dissipation Channels in Reactive and Non-reactive Scattering at Surfaces". En Dynamics of Gas-Surface Interactions, 371–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32955-5_15.

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Horioka, K., H. Tamura, H. Kanazawa y K. Kasuya. "Initiation Processes and Development of Laser-Induced Low-Pressure Spark Channels". En Gas Flow and Chemical Lasers, 402–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71859-5_60.

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Dreyer, T. "Sand Body Dimensions and Infill Sequences of Stable, Humid-Climate Delta Plain Channels". En North Sea Oil and Gas Reservoirs—II, 337–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0791-1_29.

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Chan, Tien Yin, Shun Tian Lin, Hua Jun Chang y Chia Liang Chen. "Fabrication of Gas-Permeable Die Materials Having Orthogonally Arrayed Pore Channels". En Progress in Powder Metallurgy, 961–64. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-419-7.961.

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Abdullah Auzer, Khazal. "Transmission Channels of the ‘Resource Curse’ Reappraised". En Institutional Design and Capacity to Enhance Effective Governance of Oil and Gas Wealth: The Case of Kurdistan Region, 33–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4518-9_3.

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Lyamin, G. A., V. V. Mitrofanov, A. V. Pinaev y V. A. Subbotin. "Propagation of Gas Explosion in Channels with Uneven Walls and in Porous Media". En Dynamic Structure of Detonation in Gaseous and Dispersed Media, 51–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3548-1_3.

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Bandman, Olga. "A Lattice-Gas Model of Fluid Flow through Tortuous Channels of Hydrophilous and Hydrophobic Porous Materials". En Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 168–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03275-2_18.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Gas channels"

Ramireddy, Sivasankara Reddy, Siddappa Pallavagere Gurusiddappa, V. Kesavan y S. Kishore Kumar. "Computational Study of Flow and Heat Transfer in Matrix Cooling Channels". En ASME 2014 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2014-8252.

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A Numerical study of fluid flow, heat transfer and pressure drop in a stationary matrix cooling channel having an angle of 45 degrees for the three Reynolds numbers (24000<Re<60000) and four sub-channel aspect ratios (0.5<W/H<1.2) have been performed. This includes different shaped sub-channels such as Rectangular, U, and then two, three layered matrix combined with open and closed matrix channels. The simulation shows the development of vortices along the channel. The flow turning and impingement after hitting the side wall have significant contribution to the heat transfer enhancement. The Nusselt number and friction factor have been evaluated and compared with limited experimental results. The highest heat transfer enhancement is found at impingement region as the flow takes turn and impinges on to the wall. But slight enhancement in heat transfer is observed at turning region. The sub-channel aspect ratio has less impact on heat transfer enhancement, but more effect on pressure drop. The performance of closed matrix is relatively better than the open matrix one. The overall thermal performance (η) of the matrix having U sub-channel is nearly 10% higher than the rectangular sub-channel.

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Prajapati, Anjana N. y Andallib Tariq. "Detailed Heat Transfer Characteristics of Matrix Cooling Channels With Rib Angle 35° Using Liquid Crystal Thermography". En ASME 2019 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2019-2551.

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Abstract Matrix cooling is relatively newer cooling technique and preferred over the conventional rib turbulators or pin fin cooling due to its capacity to provide the structural rigidity and higher heat transfer enhancement. The present investigation addresses the detailed study of local and averaged heat transfer augmentation distributions within the sub-channels of matrixes with rib angle 35° and varying sub-channels aspect ratios using liquid crystal thermography. The effects of varying sub-channel aspect ratios 1.2, 0.8 and 0.4 on averaged Nusselt number augmentation, friction factor ratio and thermo-hydraulic performance factor have been also verified within the Reynolds numbers range 5800–14000. The flow trend within the sub-channels is typically found to be eccentric and attributed to the possible vortical flow within the sub-channels and this eccentricity reduces as the sub-channel aspect ratio decreases. Results have shown that the highest Nusselt number augmentation and the lowest friction factor ratio are obtained for the highest sub-channel aspect ratio i.e., the best thermo-hydraulic performance factor (≥ 1) has been found for sub-channel aspect ratio 1.2. The sub-channel aspect ratio is found to have significant effect on both Nusselt number augmentation and friction factor ratio as compared to Reynolds number.

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Metzger, D. E. y M. K. Sahm. "Heat Transfer Around Sharp 180 Degree Turns in Smooth Rectangular Channels". En ASME 1985 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/85-gt-122.

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Measured Nusselt numbers are presented for forced convection within and around sharp 180 degree turns in smooth channels of rectangular cross section. Separately determined top wall, bottom wall, and side wall values are presented individually along with azimuthal averages. The geometry of the channels and connecting turn is characterized by parameters W*, the ratio of upstream and downstream channel widths; D*, the non-dimensional channel depth; and H*, the non-dimensional clearance at the tip of the turn. Results from nine combinations of these parameters are presented at several values of channel Reynolds number to illustrate the effect of turn geometry on the heat transfer distributions.

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Xiong, Renqiang y J. N. Chung. "Adiabatic Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow Patterns in Microchannels". En ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98476.

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Flow patterns of adiabatic gas-liquid two-phase flow in micro-channels were experimentally investigated. Using nitrogen and water, experiments were conducted in square micro-channels with hydraulic diameters of 0.209mm, 0.412mm and 0.622 mm, respectively. Gas and liquid superficial velocities were varied from 0.06–72.3 m/s and 0.02–7.13 m/s, respectively. Four defined flow patterns, bubbly-slug flow, slug-ring flow, dispersed-churn flow and annular flow, were observed in micro-channels of 0.412 mm and, 0.622 mm. In the micro-channel of 0.209 mm, the bubbly-slug flow became the slug-flow and the dispersed-churn flow disappeared due to the surface tension effect and the smooth gas-liquid interface. The flow regime maps for the current three micro-channels were constructed and showed the transition lines shifted to higher gas superficial velocity due to the stronger surface tension effect with a smaller channel size in micro-channels. They were also compared with some other micro-channel flow regime maps and the mini-channel flow regime map based on the Weber number model, which showed the flow map for the micro-channel is significantly sensitive to the working fluid, channel geometry and channel size and the flow regime criteria developed for mini-channels should not be applied for micro-channels without further verification.

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Xie, Chong. "Rarefied Gas Flows in Micro-Channels". En RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS: 23rd International Symposium. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1581624.

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Han, J. C., P. R. Chandra y S. C. Lau. "Local Heat/Mass Transfer Distribution Around Sharp 180 Degree Turn in MultiPass Rib-Roughened Channels". En ASME 1986 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/86-gt-114.

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The detailed heat/mass transfer distributions in and around the sharp 180 degree turn of a three-pass square channel were determined by using the naphthalene sublimation technique. The top, bottom, inner (divider) and outer walls of the test channel were naphthalene plates. For the case of rib-roughened tests, the ribs of square cross section were glued periodically in-line on the top and bottom walls of the naphthalene channel in a required distribution. The rib height-to-hydraulic diameter ratios (e/D) were 0.063 and 0.094, whereas the rib pitch-to-height ratios (P/e) were 10 and 20, respectively. The channel Reynolds numbers varied from 30,000 to 60,000. The results showed that, for both the smooth and the ribbed channels, the Sherwood numbers after the sharp 180 degree turn were higher than that before the sharp 180 degree turn; after the turn the Sherwood numbers of the inner wall were higher than that of the outer wall. The results also indicated that the Sherwood numbers on the top, outer and inner walls of the rib roughened channel were higher than that of the smooth channel.

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Aksenova, O. A. "Application of Nonlinear Dynamics Methods to Rarefied Gas Flows in Channels". En RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS: 24th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1941542.

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Mayle, R. E. "Pressure Loss and Heat Transfer in Channels Roughened on Two Opposed Walls". En ASME 1989 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/89-gt-86.

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In order to selectively increase cooling effectiveness, coolant channels in gas turbine components are often only roughened on one or two walls of the channel. A model is presented for flow in rectangular channels having two opposed roughened walls and a theory is developed for both the pressure loss and heat transfer. The theory allows one to calculate the heat transfer coefficient on each wall separately in addition to the overall friction factor and heat transfer coefficient. Comparisons are made to data for similarly configured channels, tubes and surfaces roughened by regularly spaced transverse ribs placed normal to the flow direction. Correlations for the displacement velocity in the logarithmic law and the roughness Stanton number in terms of the rib pitch-to-height ratio and roughness Reynolds number are also presented.

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Parsons, J. A., J. C. Han y C. P. Lee. "Rotation Effect on Jet Impingement Heat Transfer in Smooth Rectangular Channels With Four Heated Walls and Radially Outward Cross Flow". En ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-387.

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The effect of channel rotation on jet impingement cooling by arrays of circular jets in two channels was studied. Jet flow direction was in the direction of rotation in one channel and opposite to the rotation direction in the other channel. The jets impinged normally on two smooth target walls. Heat transfer results are presented for these two target walls, for the jet walls containing the jet producing orifices, and for side walls connecting the target and jet walls. The flow exited the channels in a single direction, radially outward, creating a cross flow on jets at larger radii. The mean test model radius to jet diameter ratio was 397. The jet rotation number was varied from 0.0 to 0.0028 and the isolated effects of jet Reynolds number (5000 and 10000), and wall-to-coolant temperature difference ratio (0.0855 and 0.129) were measured. The results for non-rotating conditions show that the Nusselt numbers for the target and jet walls in both channels are about the same and are greater than those for the side walls of both channels. However, as rotation number increases, the heat transfer coefficients for all walls in both channels decrease up to 20% below those results which correspond to non-rotating conditions. As the wall-to-coolant temperature difference ratio increases, heat transfer coefficient decreases up to 10% with other parameters held constant.

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Rensink, Dirk, Jo¨rg Roth y Stephan Fell. "Liquid Water Transport and Distribution in Fibrous Porous Media and Gas Channels". En ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62087.

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In a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell water is produced by electrochemical reactions in the catalyst layer on the cathode side. The water diffuses through the catalyst layer and a fibrous substrate into gas channels where it is transported away by convection. The fibrous substrate represents the gas diffusion media (GDM). Sometimes the GDM has a thin microporous layer on the side facing the catalyst layer. The same layer structure can be found on the anode side. All layers together are the porous layers of a PEM fuel cell. Under certain operating conditions condensation can occur in the porous layers which might lead to flooding conditions and — if the liquid water forms droplets which grow together in the gas channels — the complete blockage of the channels. Both situations can lead to a local starvation of reactant gases with negative impact on fuel cell performance and durability. The void space of the hydrophobic fibrous substrate in a PEM fuel cell can be interpreted as micro channels in a broader sense, especially if liquid phase transport from the catalyst layer towards the gas channels is in focus. Due to the small dimensions with effective channel diameter in the range of micrometer the flow of liquid water is governed by capillary forces. The same applies for the gas channels at low gas velocities since the Bond and Capillary numbers are well below one. Thus the investigation of liquid water flow and distribution under low gas velocities in the hydrophobic fibrous substrate and the spreading of liquid water along the hydrophilic gas channel walls under capillary action is of special interest for PEM fuel cells and investigated here.

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Informes sobre el tema "Gas channels"

Gamezo, Vadim N. y Elaine S. Oran. Unidirectional Propagation of Gas Detonations in Channels with Sawtooth Walls. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, mayo de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada521201.

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Prosperetti, A. y W. N. Sharpe. A Fundamental Study of Gas and Vapor Bubble Dynamics in Micro-Channels. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, julio de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada387423.

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Olson, Douglas A. Heat transfer in a compact heat exchanger containing rectangular channels and using helium gas. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.3959.

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Micheal Frenkel, Kenneth Kroenlein, V Diky, R.D. Chirico, A. Kazakow, C.D. Muzny y M. Frenkel. Gas Hydrate Research Database and Web Dissemination Channel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1006283.

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Smith, James A., Casey J. Jesse, Clark L. Scott y David L. Cottle. Channel Gap Probe EMPIrE Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1492033.

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Powell, Michael, Phillip Gauglitz, Kayte Denslow, Christopher Fischer, David Heldebrant, Matthew Prowant, Susan Sande, James Davis y Monty Telander. Evaluation of Gas Retention in Waste Simulants: Intermediate-Scale Column and Open-Channel-Depth Tests. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), febrero de 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1149671.

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Cooper, Christopher, Jacob McDonald y Eric Starkey. Wadeable stream habitat monitoring at Congaree National Park: 2018 baseline report. National Park Service, junio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286621.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) Wadeable Stream Habitat Monitoring Protocol collects data to give park resource managers insight into the status of and trends in stream and near-channel habitat conditions (McDonald et al. 2018a). Wadeable stream monitoring is currently implemented at the five SECN inland parks with wadeable streams. These parks include Horseshoe Bend National Military Park (HOBE), Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park (KEMO), Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park (OCMU), Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CHAT), and Congaree National Park (CONG). Streams at Congaree National Park chosen for monitoring were specifically targeted for management interest (e.g., upstream development and land use change, visitor use of streams as canoe trails, and potential social walking trail erosion) or to provide a context for similar-sized stream(s) within the park or network (McDonald and Starkey 2018a). The objectives of the SECN wadeable stream habitat monitoring protocol are to: Determine status of upstream watershed characteristics (basin morphology) and trends in land cover that may affect stream habitat, Determine the status of and trends in benthic and near-channel habitat in selected wadeable stream reaches (e.g., bed sediment, geomorphic channel units, and large woody debris), Determine the status of and trends in cross-sectional morphology, longitudinal gradient, and sinuosity of selected wadeable stream reaches. Between June 11 and 14, 2018, data were collected at Congaree National Park to characterize the in-stream and near-channel habitat within stream reaches on Cedar Creek (CONG001, CONG002, and CONG003) and McKenzie Creek (CONG004). These data, along with the analysis of remotely sensed geographic information system (GIS) data, are presented in this report to describe and compare the watershed-, reach-, and transect-scale characteristics of these four stream reaches to each other and to selected similar-sized stream reaches at Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park, Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park, and Chattahoochee National Recreation Area. Surveyed stream reaches at Congaree NP were compared to those previously surveyed in other parks in order to provide regional context and aid in interpretation of results. edar Creek’s watershed (CONG001, CONG002, and CONG003) drains nearly 200 square kilometers (77.22 square miles [mi2]) of the Congaree River Valley Terrace complex and upper Coastal Plain to the north of the park (Shelley 2007a, 2007b). Cedar Creek’s watershed has low slope and is covered mainly by forests and grasslands. Cedar Creek is designated an “Outstanding Resource Water” by the state of South Carolina (S.C. Code Regs. 61–68 [2014] and S.C. Code Regs. 61–69 [2012]) from the boundary of the park downstream to Wise Lake. Cedar Creek ‘upstream’ (CONG001) is located just downstream (south) of the park’s Bannister Bridge canoe landing, which is located off Old Bluff Road and south of the confluence with Meyers Creek. Cedar Creek ‘middle’ and Cedar Creek ‘downstream’ (CONG002 and CONG003, respectively) are located downstream of Cedar Creek ‘upstream’ where Cedar Creek flows into the relatively flat backswamp of the Congaree River flood plain. Based on the geomorphic and land cover characteristics of the watershed, monitored reaches on Cedar Creek are likely to flood often and drain slowly. Flooding is more likely at Cedar Creek ‘middle’ and Cedar Creek ‘downstream’ than at Cedar Creek ‘upstream.’ This is due to the higher (relative to CONG001) connectivity between the channels of the lower reaches and their out-of-channel areas. Based on bed sediment characteristics, the heterogeneity of geomorphic channel units (GCUs) within each reach, and the abundance of large woody debris (LWD), in-stream habitat within each of the surveyed reaches on Cedar Creek (CONG001–003) was classified as ‘fair to good.’ Although, there is extensive evidence of animal activity...

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Emery, S. Kerberos Version 5 Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSS-API) Channel Binding Hash Agility. RFC Editor, marzo de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6542.

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Ila, Daryush, E. K. Williams, R. L. Zimmerman, P. R. Ashley y D. B. Poker. Fabrication of Optical Channel Waveguides in the GaAs/AlGaAs System by MeV Ion Beam Bombardment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, febrero de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada379168.

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Zhou, Q. y Y. Morton. Precise GPS Signal Tracking in Interference and Multipath Environment Using a Multi-Channel Software Receiver. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, noviembre de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada559186.

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