Bibliografías temáticas / Human behaviours

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Human behaviours"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 16 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Human behaviours"

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Bourgeois-Gironde, Sacha, Elsa Addessi y Thomas Boraud. "Economic behaviours among non-human primates". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, n.º 1819 (11 de enero de 2021): 20190676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0676.

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Do we have any valid reasons to affirm that non-human primates display economic behaviour in a sufficiently rich and precise sense of the phrase? To address this question, we have to develop a set of criteria to assess the vast array of experimental studies and field observations on individual cognitive and behavioural competences as well as the collective organization of non-human primates. We review a sample of these studies and assess how they answer to the following four main challenges. (i) Do we see any economic organization or institutions emerge among groups of non-human primates? (ii) Are the cognitive abilities, and often biases, that have been evidenced as underlying typical economic decision-making among humans, also present among non-human primates? (iii) Can we draw positive lessons from performance comparisons among primate species, humans and non-humans but also across non-human primate species, as elicited by canonical game-theoretical experimental paradigms, especially as far as economic cooperation and coordination are concerned? And (iv) in which way should we improve models and paradigms to obtain more ecological data and conclusions? Articles discussed in this paper most often bring about positive answers and promising perspectives to support the existence and prevalence of economic behaviours among non-human primates. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Existence and prevalence of economic behaviours among non-human primates’.
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Malecki, I. A. y P. K. Rybnik-Trzaskowska. "325. INVESTIGATION INTO THE EXPRESSION OF HUMAN FRIENDLY BEHAVIOUR IN THE OSTRICH (STRUTHIO CAMELUS) - EFFECT OF IMPRINTING". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, n.º 9 (2010): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb10abs325.

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In birds, filial imprinting to humans occurs after artificial hatching, which may lead to human following and sexual imprinting. We investigated the effect of imprinting on expression of favourable to human behaviours in juvenile ostriches. For the first seven days from hatching, the birds were exposed to a dummy female. At 12 months of age, a year before ostriches reach sexual maturity, the males (n = 25) were given testosterone intramuscularly in five every second day injections to induce precocial sexual behaviour. Additional six males, not exposed to the dummy, received the vehicle. Two weeks after the first injection, behavioural data collection commenced and, a range of behaviours were scored in five times over the period of 2 weeks from the last injection. The behaviours were given a score of 1 (behaviour present) or 0 (behaviour not present). The males exposed to a dummy female (n = 11) scored less for friendly to human behaviours than those not exposed to a dummy. No courtship type behaviour was observed in all males. Plasma testosterone concentrations increased and reached maximum levels by day 6 post-injection in exposed and not exposed to a dummy males but the levels were not different from the control (vehicle). We conclude that exposure to a dummy led to less friendly to human behaviour, while absence of the dummy led to more friendly behaviour towards humans. Testosterone injections failed to induce precocial sexual behaviour possibly because the amount given was insufficient or the birds could not yet express sexual behaviour to humans. The levels of testosterone in blood plasma occurred coincidently as they were probably associated with pre-pubertal development.
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Heeren, Alexander John, Ajay S. Singh, Adam Zwickle, Tomas M. Koontz, Kristina M. Slagle y Anna C. McCreery. "Is sustainability knowledge half the battle?" International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 17, n.º 5 (5 de septiembre de 2016): 613–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-02-2015-0014.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of sustainability knowledge to pro-environmental behaviour. A common misperception is that unsustainable behaviours are largely driven by a lack of knowledge of the underlying societal costs and the contributing factors leading to environmental degradation. Such a perception assumes if individuals “only knew better” they would engage in more sustainable behaviours. The “knowledge deficit model” has been critiqued for not including social psychological research about how knowledge is incorporated into decision-making and its subsequent effect on human behaviour. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model has been used extensively to examine intention to engage in a variety of behaviours, therefore this model is applied to examine the effect knowledge has in predicting behaviour. Design/methodology/approach To better understand these relationships, the authors examined the relationships between sustainability behaviours through an online survey of over 500 students at a large university in the USA. Findings Results indicate that knowledge had a significant, albeit weak, bivariate correlation with behaviour (r = 0.113, p < 0.001). However, when controlling for TPB variables (attitudes, norms and perceived behavioural control), knowledge was not a significant predictor of behaviour. Research limitations/implications The authors conclude with several implications to guide university sustainability programmes. Originality/value This study places sustainable knowledge in the context of other social psychological factors which also influence behaviour. The results show that as the students are educated about sustainability, fostering behaviour change will require education not only about how actions affect sustainability but also about social norms, attitudes towards sustainable behaviours and the level of self-efficacy in doing those behaviours.
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Achikanu, Cosmas, Joao Correia, Héctor A. Guidobaldi, Laura C. Giojalas, Christopher L. R. Barratt, Sarah Martins Da Silva y Stephen Publicover. "Continuous behavioural ‘switching’ in human spermatozoa and its regulation by Ca2+-mobilising stimuli". Molecular Human Reproduction 25, n.º 8 (13 de junio de 2019): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gaz034.

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Abstract Human sperm show a variety of different behaviours (types of motility) that have different functional roles. Previous reports suggest that sperm may reversibly switch between these behaviours. We have recorded and analysed the behaviour of individual human sperm (180 cells in total), each cell monitored continuously for 3–3.5 min either under control conditions or in the presence of Ca2+-mobilising stimuli. Switching between different behaviours was assessed visually (1 s bins using four behaviour categories), and was verified by fractal dimension analysis of sperm head tracks. In the absence of stimuli, ~90% of cells showed at least one behavioural transition (mean rate under control conditions = 6.4 ± 0.8 transitions.min−1). Type 1 behaviour (progressive, activated-like motility) was most common, but the majority of cells (>70%) displayed at least three behaviour types. Treatment of sperm with Ca2+-mobilising agonists had negligible effects on the rate of switching but increased the time spent in type 2 and type 3 (hyperactivation-like) behaviours (P < 2*10−8; chi-square). Treatment with 4-aminopyridine under alkaline conditions (pHo = 8.5), a highly-potent Ca2+-mobilising stimulus, was the most effective in increasing the proportion of type 3 behaviour, biasing switching away from type 1 (P < 0.005) and dramatically extending the duration of type 3 events (P < 10−16). Other stimuli, including 300 nM progesterone and 1% human follicular fluid, had qualitatively similar effects but were less potent. We conclude that human sperm observed in vitro constitutively display a range of behaviours and regulation of motility by [Ca2+]i, at the level of the single cell, is achieved not by causing cells to adopt a ‘new’ behaviour but by changing the relative contributions of those behaviours.
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St John, Freya A. V., Aidan M. Keane, Gareth Edwards-Jones, Lauren Jones, Richard W. Yarnell y Julia P. G. Jones. "Identifying indicators of illegal behaviour: carnivore killing in human-managed landscapes". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, n.º 1729 (27 de julio de 2011): 804–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1228.

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Managing natural resources often depends on influencing people's behaviour, however effectively targeting interventions to discourage environmentally harmful behaviours is challenging because those involved may be unwilling to identify themselves. Non-sensitive indicators of sensitive behaviours are therefore needed. Previous studies have investigated people's attitudes, assuming attitudes reflect behaviour. There has also been interest in using people's estimates of the proportion of their peers involved in sensitive behaviours to identify those involved, since people tend to assume that others behave like themselves. However, there has been little attempt to test the potential of such indicators. We use the randomized response technique (RRT), designed for investigating sensitive behaviours, to estimate the proportion of farmers in north-eastern South Africa killing carnivores, and use a modified logistic regression model to explore relationships between our best estimates of true behaviour (from RRT) and our proposed non-sensitive indicators (including farmers' attitudes, and estimates of peer-behaviour). Farmers' attitudes towards carnivores, question sensitivity and estimates of peers' behaviour, predict the likelihood of farmers killing carnivores. Attitude and estimates of peer-behaviour are useful indicators of involvement in illicit behaviours and may be used to identify groups of people to engage in interventions aimed at changing behaviour.
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Keller, Roberto, Tatiana Costa, Daniele Imperiale, Annamaria Bianco, Elisa Rondini, Angela Hassiotis y Marco O. Bertelli. "Stereotypies in the Autism Spectrum Disorder: Can We Rely on an Ethological Model?" Brain Sciences 11, n.º 6 (8 de junio de 2021): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060762.

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Background: Stereotypic behaviour can be defined as a clear behavioural pattern where a specific function or target cannot be identified, although it delays on time. Nonetheless, repetitive and stereotypical behaviours play a key role in both animal and human behaviour. Similar behaviours are observed across species, in typical human developmental phases, and in some neuropsychiatric conditions, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Intellectual Disability. This evidence led to the spread of animal models of repetitive behaviours to better understand the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these dysfunctional behaviours and to gain better insight into their role and origin within ASD and other disorders. This, in turn, could lead to new treatments of those disorders in humans. Method: This paper maps the literature on repetitive behaviours in animal models of ASD, in order to improve understanding of stereotypies in persons with ASD in terms of characterization, pathophysiology, genomic and anatomical factors. Results: Literature mapping confirmed that phylogenic approach and animal models may help to improve understanding and differentiation of stereotypies in ASD. Some repetitive behaviours appear to be interconnected and mediated by common genomic and anatomical factors across species, mainly by alterations of basal ganglia circuitry. A new distinction between stereotypies and autotypies should be considered. Conclusions: Phylogenic approach and studies on animal models may support clinical issues related to stereotypies in persons with ASD and provide new insights in classification, pathogenesis, and management.
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Blaukopf, Clare L. y Gregory J. DiGirolamo. "Reward, Context, and Human Behaviour". Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 626–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.122.

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Animal models of reward processing have revealed an extensive network of brain areas that process different aspects of reward, from expectation and prediction to calculation of relative value. These results have been confirmed and extended in human neuroimaging to encompass secondary rewards more unique to humans, such as money. The majority of the extant literature covers the brain areas associated with rewards whilst neglecting analysis of the actual behaviours that these rewards generate. This review strives to redress this imbalance by illustrating the importance of looking at the behavioural outcome of rewards and the context in which they are produced. Following a brief review of the literature of reward-related activity in the brain, we examine the effect of reward context on actions. These studies reveal how the presence of reward vs. rewardandpunishment, or being conscious vs. unconscious of reward-related actions, differentially influence behaviour. The latter finding is of particular importance given the extent to which animal models are used in understanding the reward systems of the human mind. It is clear that further studies are needed to learn about the human reaction to reward in its entirety, including any distinctions between conscious and unconscious behaviours. We propose that studies of reward entail a measure of the animal's (human or nonhuman) knowledge of the reward and knowledge of its own behavioural outcome to achieve that reward.
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Bornstein, Marc H., Diane L. Putnick, Yoonjung Park, Joan T. D. Suwalsky y O. Maurice Haynes. "Human infancy and parenting in global perspective: specificity". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, n.º 1869 (13 de diciembre de 2017): 20172168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2168.

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We address three long-standing fundamental questions about early human development and parental caregiving within a specificity framework using data from 796 infant–mother dyads from 11 societies worldwide. Adopting a cross-society view opens a vista on universal biological origins of, and contextual influences on, infant behaviours and parenting practices. We asked: how do infant behaviours and parenting practices vary across societies? How do infant behaviours relate to other infant behaviours, and how do parent practices relate to other parent practices? Are infant behaviours and parent practices related to one another? Behaviours of firstborn five-month infants and parenting practices of their mothers were microanalysed from videorecords of extensive naturally occurring interactions in the home. In accord with behavioural specificity, biological expectations and cultural influences, we find that infants and mothers from diverse societies exhibit mean-level society differences in their behaviours and practices; domains of infant behaviours generally do not cohere, nor do domains of maternal practices; and only specific infant behaviours and mother practices correspond. Few relations were moderated by society.
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Arrazola, Aitor y Katrina Merkies. "Effect of Human Attachment Style on Horse Behaviour and Physiology during Equine-Assisted Activities–A Pilot Study". Animals 10, n.º 7 (8 de julio de 2020): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10071156.

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Equine-assisted activities (EAA) for human well-being and health rely on human–horse interactions for therapeutic effect. At-risk participants with mental and emotional difficulties can show poor social skills and functioning relationships, potentially leading to unsuccessful human–horse interaction in EAA. This study addresses the effect of the attachment style (AS) of at-risk adolescents on horse physiology and behaviour during an equine-facilitated learning (EFL) program. Thirty-three adolescents participated in a 10-week EFL program with nine therapy horses (the same therapy horse per adolescent throughout the program). Adolescent AS was categorized into secure (n = 7), preoccupied (n = 11), dismissing (n = 1), or fearful (n = 12) using an Experiences in Close Relationships – Relationship Structure questionnaire. Horse heart rate (HR) and behaviour (affiliative and avoidance behaviours) in response to adolescents were recorded during grooming and riding. Over time, horses with fearful AS adolescents showed consistently more affiliative behaviours compared to those with preoccupied AS adolescents during grooming, and more constant HR and avoidance behaviours compared to those with secure AS adolescents during riding. These results suggest that a more predictable and less stressful physiological and behavioural response of therapy horses toward participants in EAA with emotional and behavioural difficulties can be mediated by a human insecure attachment style.
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Konsolakis, Kostas, Hermie Hermens y Oresti Banos. "A Novel Framework for the Holistic Monitoring and Analysis of Human Behaviour". Proceedings 31, n.º 1 (20 de noviembre de 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019031043.

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Recent technological advances have enabled the continuous and unobtrusive monitoring of human behaviour. However, most of the existing studies focus on detecting human behaviour under the limitation of one behavioural aspect, such as physical behaviour and not addressing human behaviour in a broad sense. For this reason, we propose a novel framework that will serve as the principal generator of knowledge on the user’s behaviour. The proposed framework moves beyond the current trends in automatic behaviour analysis by detecting and inferring human behaviour automatically, based on multimodal sensor data. In particular, the framework analyses human behaviour in a holistic approach, focusing on different behavioural aspects at the same time; namely physical, social, emotional and cognitive behaviour. Furthermore, the suggested framework investigates user’s behaviour over different periods, introducing the concept of short-term and long-term behaviours and how these change over time.
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Tesis sobre el tema "Human behaviours"

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Montgomery, A. M. J. "Effects of peripheral 5-HT on consummatory behaviours". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370436.

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Zheng, Yue. "Modelling, tracking and generating human interaction behaviours in video". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2009. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54108/.

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Intelligent virtual characters are becoming increasingly popular in en­ tertainment, educational and simulation software. A virtual charac­ ter is the creation or re-creation of a human being in an image, using computer-generated imagery. It must act and react in the environment, drawing on the disciplines of automated reasoning and planning. Creating characters with human-like behaviours that respond interactively to a real person in a video, is still a serious challenge. There are several major reasons for this. First, human motion is very complex, which makes it particularly difficult to simulate. Second, the human form is also not straightforward to design due to the large number of degrees of freedom of the motion. Third, creating novel contextual movements for virtual characters in real time is a new research area.
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Hou, Shaobo. "Learning Behaviours of Articulated Human Motion for Tracking and Synthesis". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516363.

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Yeboah, Godwin. "Understanding urban cycling behaviours in space and time". Thesis, Northumbria University, 2014. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/21611/.

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The aim of this research thesis was to understand how the urban built environment interacts with utility cycling behaviours in space and time. Using mixed methods entrenched in the philosophy of pragmatism, the research contributed to an as yet under-developed research evidence-base within the British context by addressing the gap in knowledge relating to: the usability of spacetime and action space theories within visual analytics context in facilitating the knowledge discovery process from spatio-temporal datasets; empirical evidence on perceived and actual movement behaviour of urban utility cyclists; methodological advancement in collecting, refining, analysing and visualising detailed utility cycling behaviours in a British urban environment. Findings suggest that 57.4% of cyclists’ bike trips were found on the cycle network and with 42.6% of cyclists still cycling outside the designated cycle network; it is therefore imperative that policy initiatives aimed towards strategic investment in cycling behavioural research and infrastructure. The findings also showed a higher concentration of cycling uptake around the south-eastern part of Newcastle upon Tyne suggesting this area may need more investment than other areas in Tyne and Wear. Systematic comparison of GPS data and travel diary data suggest 8.4% under reporting of the former. The null hypothesis that urban transport network restrictions do not have any significant influence on movement of commuter cyclists was rejected upon examination and it was found that observed routes tend to be significantly longer than their shortest path counterparts. Profiling activity spaces of utility cyclists utilising different geographies was found to be useful in the examination of cycling behaviours for the purpose of providing visual aid for planners and policy makers to identify areas for improvement and informed investment in support of sustainable transport. Several efforts were being made to enhance data availability to inform policy strategies, and facilitation of feasible solutions for improving the urban cycling infrastructure and encouraging more people to cycle as part of their daily commute, for which this research aimed to contribute by providing evidence on the use of the area’s cycling infrastructure by utility cyclists and spatial variability of cycling in space and time.
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Alzu'Bi, Hamzah. "Analysis of human activities and animal behaviours based on computational intelligence". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2037039/.

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The study of behaviour is vital for animal welfare assessment in animal husbandry systems, exploring mechanisms of underlying diverse forms of behaviours and animal physiological and ecological interaction. Understanding animal behaviour is used in a systematic way to unlock and explore underlying functionalities of the brain which is one of the biggest challenges to science. This thesis introduces four novel applications for computational intelligence in human and animal behaviours. The four applications are: horse transport stress prediction system, human activity recognition, fish behaviour tracking and detection, and intelligent interactive fish feeding system. In the first application of human gait recognition, a practical, accurate and novel supervised learning system is proposed to recognize human activities. The proposed system uses single accelerometer device which makes the system practical to use and capable of being integrated with many commercially available devices. This work proposes highly accurate and practical human gait recognition system. In the second application of horse transport, a novel system is proposed to predict horse stress episodes during transport which enables a potential solution of horse stress by interfering at a suitable time. Dynamic nonlinear neural network is trained to predict horse stress time series given travel route and driving style time series. Horse transport is one of the most routinely stressful procedures in equine industry. In the third application of horse transport, a novel system for automatic fish tracking and behaviour recognition system is proposed. Fish are the second most popular experimental model behind mice in pharmaceuticals and biological research. Fish anxious behaviour could confound experiment outcomes. Fish behaviour could also be affected by invasive or non-invasive experiments in addition to other possible causes of distress. The proposed system consists of 3d real-time fish tracking, behaviour quantifying and recognition algorithms. Fish behaviour is estimated through fish swimming patterns. The system showed high accuracy recognition of fish behaviour in experiment where fish were exposed to a variety of external stimuli. In the fourth application of horse transport, an innovative smart fish feeding system is proposed. The fourth application of computational intelligence techniques addresses one of the major challenges in the fastest growing food sector industry worldwide, aquaculture industry. Most conventional fish feeding techniques are inefficient, cause environmental damage and fish losses, raise concerns regarding fish welfare and lead to non-uniform fish growth. Addressing these problems is a necessity for this industry to continue its growth. The novel feeding system is built based on fish behaviour which recognises, and assesses fish behaviours and interacts with fish to optimise the feeding process. Fish showed quick adaptation to this novel low-cost feeding system which proves the feasibly of implementing this system. The proposed system is expected to reduce food competition and environmental impact because of its responsive nature. Through novel applications of computational intelligence, this thesis has provided successful solutions for human and animal behaviour analysis research problems.
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Wong, Sheila S. M. "Energy conservation and human behaviours, the professional faculties building in the University of Calgary". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0008/MQ26774.pdf.

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Sun, Q. "A generic approach to modelling individual behaviours in crowd simulation". Thesis, University of Salford, 2014. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/30771/.

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Crowd simulation has been widely used to simulate crowd dynamics and their behaviours. However, majority of existing studies can only simulate a specific scenario or behaviour. Although recent developments have attempted to integrate different individual behaviours in order to achieve a more realistic simulation result, it is still very complex and those crowd models often require significant modifications. This study is therefore aimed to develop a generic crowd model, which provides the flexibility to configure and represent different scenarios, as well as the ability to demonstrate individual differences on crowd behaviours. The theoretical principle of the proposed crowd model is based on the combination of force-based modelling and agent-based modelling. A unified core mathematical formula, which contains seven key parameters, is developed to represent the generic behaviour effects. In addition, a Behaviour Library is developed to present a set of basic behaviours by using the unified formula and subsequently, more complex behaviours could be formed by combining the basic behaviours. The proposed crowd model is implemented in a simulation environment by using Microsoft XNA framework. A number of well-known crowd behaviours are tested with the crowd model for validation. The proposed crowd model is further validated by simulating real life experiments and comparing its results. This research study presents a novel approach to simulate crowd behaviour at individual level by introducing a generic crowd model that can be configured into specific scenarios. It introduces a theoretical concept, through which different behaviour effects could be quantified by a unified mathematical formula. As a result, crowd modelling and simulation of different scenarios can be significantly simplified. For future work, the proposed crowd model can be tested under complex environment in order to fine-tune its theoretical model and to expand the Behaviour Library.
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Hendricks, Mogammat Sharief. "The tackle in Rugby Union : understanding training and match behaviours to develop better coaching strategies for skill acquisition, performance, and injury prevention". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12628.

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Includes abstract.~Includes bibliographical references.
Rugby Union is a popular international team sport characterised by frequent high impact bodily collisions known as the tackle. This aspect of the game exposes players to muscle damage and a high risk of injury. Tackle-related injuries account for up to 61% of all injuries during a rugby match. Furthermore, players’ ability to win the tackle contest has an influence on the outcome of the match. Given the nature and frequency of the tackle situation, tackle contact skills are a prerequisite for participation in rugby union. However, coaching and training drills prescribed to train the tackle to date are largely based on anecdotal evidence. To develop effective tackle training strategies (i.e. technical skills training, physical conditioning, training drills, and equipment) that will produce a successful outcome and reduce the risk of injury for both the ball-carrier and tackler, studying the tackle in real match situations is warranted. Therefore, in accordance with this goal the purpose of this thesis was to; (i) assess the current attitudes and behaviours of players during training and match play, and (ii) study the tackle and defensive strategies in real match situations.
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Wang, Huanhuan. "Development of novel design methodology for product mass customization based on human attributes and cognitive behaviours". Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6455.

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The competition in the global market is accelerating rapidly because of less technological gap, matured manufacturing level, and various changing customer needs. Increasingly customers choose products in terms of experience desires, psychological desires and whether the products can reflect their values, in addition to the main product functions. Moreover, there are a large number of small and medium sized manufacturing companies in the developing countries. OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) and simple mass production cannot generate good value for these manufacture companies, and they have been seeking new opportunities to create higher value for their products/services and satisfy different needs of customers. Mass customization is one of the main business forms in the future, which can best meet the needs of individual customer, especially psychological needs. The key to mass customization is to provide enough modules to meet individual needs with a limited cost increase. The problem has been how to identify the real user needs and individual differences. The purpose of this research is to develop a sound design methodology based upon the current product design theories and practices for future product innovation and sustainable growth of small and medium sized manufacturing enterprises. The research focuses on the user-product cognitive behaviours and the relationship between human attributes and product features. Orthogonal experiment, eye tracking technology and artificial neural network have been successfully applied in this research. The research has developed a user needs hierarchy model and added value hierarchy model, and a robust theoretical basis to predict and evaluate (individual) user needs for product design. The research has further made the following contributions: 1) The relationship between human attributes and product features has been established, which can help designers understand the differences of various customer groups; 2) The different effects of various influence factors on people’s cognition and preference choice based on vision have been analysed and discussed; 3) A new method to identify, cluster, and combine common needs and personalized needs in early design stage for mass customization has been developed; 4) The research results can be reused in the future design of the same or similar kind of products.
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Zhai, Xiaofeng. "The role of human resource practices in enhancing employees' behaviours and organisational learning in Chinese construction organisations". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7104.

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Construction is complex and comprises a multitude of knowledge-driven activities and business interests from participating organisations with the people involved being subject to different organisational and disciplinary practices. People are fundamental to success because human capabilities in learning, innovating and changing creative directions are vital to long term development of organisations. In the last two decades, researchers have found that human resource (HR) management has positive effects on the organisational performance. However, the processes through which HR management lead to organisational performance are contested. This research proposes a framework to investigate the effects of employees' behaviours and organisational learning on organisational performance and the impacts of HR practices on those effects in the context of Chinese construction enterprises. The research design adopts a multi-method approach, integrating positivism and interpretivism, to understand the complex relationship between HR practices, organisational learning, individual behaviour, and organisational performance. By consulting two experienced academic researchers and industry experts, the pilot study improves the understanding and implementation of the measurement instruments employed. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches are adopted in data collection and analysis: 326 valid respondents through questionnaire survey are received, and structural equation modelling is adopted to test individual behaviour and organisational learning as mediating variables of the relationship between HR practices and organisational performance respectively. Middle-level managers in Chinese construction firms are interviewed, and a cognitive map is produced to reveal the possible mediating variables and the cause-effect relationships between organisational learning and individual behaviour. The cause-effect route identified from the cognitive map is tested by structural equation modelling method, i.e., individual in-role behaviour as a mediating variable between organisational learning and performance. In conclusion, from the theoretical perspective, the results reveal the following. (1) Individual in-role behaviour has highly significantly positive effect on organisational performance. Organisational learning has very highly significantly positive effect on organisational performance. Both individual in-role behaviour and organisational learning have mediating effects on the relationship between HR practices and organisational performance. (2) HR practices positively affect individual in-role behaviour indirectly through organisational learning. Individual in-role behaviour mediates the relationship between organisational learning and organisational performance. (3) HR practices also affect organisational performance via the path-way of social capital, individual perceived organisational support, organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB), and co-worker productivity. For the practical implications, Chinese construction companies should implement the following to improve organisational performance. (1) Recognize the importance of employees' in-role behaviour, and design HR practices to motivate employees to apply their knowledge, skills and abilities in job-related performance, and to retain qualified and experienced staff. (2) View organisational learning as an important component of competitive advantage in the process of organisational development, and motivate and enhance organisational learning by the employment of HR practices and the creation of social capital. (3) Recognize the importance of OCBI (i.e. organisational citizenship behaviour directed toward the benefit of other individuals), and try to elicit employees' OCBI by improving employees' perceived organisational support.
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Libros sobre el tema "Human behaviours"

1

Winkowski, Józef. On some time-based characteristics of behaviours. Warsaw: Wydawn. IPI PAN, 1991.

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A history of attitudes and behaviours toward animals in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Britain: Anthropocentrism and the emergence of animals. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 2008.

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McConnell, James V. Understanding Human Behaviour. New York: Holt,Rinehart and Winston, 1989.

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McConnell, James V. Understanding human behaviour. 5a ed. Tokyo: CBS Publishing Japan Ltd., 1986.

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McConnell, James V. Understanding human behaviour. 5a ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1986.

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McConnell, James V. Understanding human behaviour. 5a ed. Tokyo: CBS Publishing Japan Ltd., 1986.

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McConnell, James V. Understanding human behaviour. 5a ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1986.

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McConnell, James V. Understanding human behaviour. 7a ed. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College, 1992.

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McConnell, James V. Understanding human behaviour. 7a ed. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College, 1992.

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Rushton, J. Philippe. Race, evolution, & behavior. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 1999.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Human behaviours"

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Xu, Weiliang y John E. Bronlund. "Knowledge System of Human Chewing Behaviours". En Mastication Robots, 271–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-93903-0_10.

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Harris, Chris. "The Brain, Learnt Behaviours and Human Interaction". En Building Innovative Teams, 35–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230001145_4.

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Campbell, Nick. "On the Use of NonVerbal Speech Sounds in Human Communication". En Verbal and Nonverbal Communication Behaviours, 117–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76442-7_11.

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Senior, John y Éva Gyarmathy. "The Changing Nature of Employment and Future Learning Behaviours". En AI and Developing Human Intelligence, 169–86. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429356346-5.

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Zheng, Yue, Yulia Hicks, Dave Marshall y Darren Cosker. "Real-Time Generation of Interactive Virtual Human Behaviours". En Communications in Computer and Information Science, 70–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10226-4_6.

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Lindley, Jade, Erika J. Techera y D. G. Webster. "Extreme human behaviours affecting marine resources and industries". En Marine Extremes, 179–96. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Earthscan oceans: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429491023-11.

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Bos, Corinne, Bernard Botella y Philippe Vanheeghe. "Modelling and simulating human behaviours with conceptual graphs". En Conceptual Structures: Fulfilling Peirce's Dream, 275–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0027876.

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Gauthier, Gabriel M., Jean-Louis Vercher y Jean Blouin. "Integrating Reflexes and Voluntary Behaviours: Coordination and Adaptation Controls in Man". En Human and Machine Perception, 189–205. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5965-8_14.

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Paterno, F. y M. Mezzanotte. "Formal verification of undesired behaviours in the CERD case study". En Engineering for Human-Computer Interaction, 213–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34907-7_12.

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Houpt, Katherine. "Normal behaviour - dogs." En Small animal veterinary psychiatry, 78–90. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786394552.0078.

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Abstract This chapter describes the social behaviour of dogs, human-dog interactions, physical activity, movement, communication and sensory abilities, sexual and maternal behaviours, feeding behaviour and temperament.
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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Human behaviours"

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Li, Xue. "Real Time Unobtrusive Human Behaviours Recognition". En the MLSDA 2014 2nd Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2689746.2689757.

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Lutaaya, Michael, Khadija Baig, Sana Maqsood y Sonia Chiasson. "“I’m Not a Millionaire”: How Users’ Online Behaviours and Offline Behaviours Impact Their Privacy". En CHI '21: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3451603.

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St-Onge, David, Jing Yang Kwek y Giovanni Beltrame. "Behaviours and States for Human-Swarm Interaction Studies". En HRI '18: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3173386.3177845.

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Van der Wilt, Frits Martin, Frits VanderWilt y Dieter Hildebrandt. "Breaking the glass ceiling in human safety behaviours awareness". En SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/111557-ms.

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Johari, N. H., R. Anwar, O. H. Hassan y M. F. Kamaruzaman. "Human behaviours influence framework of the ablution tub design". En 2013 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/beiac.2013.6560233.

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Amin, Farhan, Awais Ahmad y Gyu-Sang Choi. "To Study and Analyse Human Behaviours on Social Networks". En 2018 4th Annual International Conference on Network and Information Systems for Computers (ICNISC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnisc.2018.00053.

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Nallusamy, T., R. Ravi y G. Sathiyaprabhu. "Virus propagation in heterogeneous Zigbee networks with human behaviours". En 2016 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control (ISCO). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isco.2016.7726891.

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"GENERATING HUMAN INTERACTIVE BEHAVIOURS USING THE WINDOWED VITERBI ALGORITHM". En International Conference on Computer Graphics Theory and Applications. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001097503530358.

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Arif, Ahmed Sabbir, Wolfgang Stuerzlinger, Euclides Jose de Mendonca Filho y Alec Gordynski. "Error behaviours in an unreliable in-air gesture recognizer". En CHI '14: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2559206.2581188.

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Robak, A. "Human behaviours to account for in your service delivery strategies". En Asset Management Conference 2015. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2015.1724.

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Informes sobre el tema "Human behaviours"

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Bernard, Michael Lewis, Dereck H. Hart, Stephen J. Verzi, Matthew R. Glickman, Paul R. Wolfenbarger y Patrick Gordon Xavier. Simulating human behavior for national security human interactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/900422.

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Chen, Yan, Peter Cramton, John List y Axel Ockenfels. Market Design, Human Behavior, and Management. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, marzo de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26873.

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Kuligowski, Erica D. Modeling human behavior during building fires. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1619.

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Backus, George, John Siirola, David Schoenwald, David Strip, Gary Hirsch, Mark Bastian, Karl Braithwaite y Jack Homer. Accommodating complexity and human behaviors in decision analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), noviembre de 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1097201.

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Tammy Cloutier, Tammy Cloutier. How does human behavior affect endangered African painted dog behavior? Experiment, septiembre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/7907.

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Kuligowski, Erica D. The process of human behavior in fires. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1632.

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Bier, Asmeret Brooke. Sensitivity analysis techniques for models of human behavior. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1008119.

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Kimagai, Toru y Motoyuki Akamatsu. Human Driving Behavior Prediction Using Dynamic Bayesian Networks. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, mayo de 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0305.

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Balali, Vahid, Arash Tavakoli y Arsalan Heydarian. A Multimodal Approach for Monitoring Driving Behavior and Emotions. Mineta Transportation Institute, julio de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1928.

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Studies have indicated that emotions can significantly be influenced by environmental factors; these factors can also significantly influence drivers’ emotional state and, accordingly, their driving behavior. Furthermore, as the demand for autonomous vehicles is expected to significantly increase within the next decade, a proper understanding of drivers’/passengers’ emotions, behavior, and preferences will be needed in order to create an acceptable level of trust with humans. This paper proposes a novel semi-automated approach for understanding the effect of environmental factors on drivers’ emotions and behavioral changes through a naturalistic driving study. This setup includes a frontal road and facial camera, a smart watch for tracking physiological measurements, and a Controller Area Network (CAN) serial data logger. The results suggest that the driver’s affect is highly influenced by the type of road and the weather conditions, which have the potential to change driving behaviors. For instance, when the research defines emotional metrics as valence and engagement, results reveal there exist significant differences between human emotion in different weather conditions and road types. Participants’ engagement was higher in rainy and clear weather compared to cloudy weather. More-over, engagement was higher on city streets and highways compared to one-lane roads and two-lane highways.
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Shiller, Robert. Human Behavior and the Efficiency of the Financial System. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, enero de 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6375.

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