Tesis sobre el tema "Interventional guidance"
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1
Hammami, Houda. "Guidance of radioembolization procedures in the context of interventional oncology". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021REN1S121.
Resumen
La radioembolisation est une intervention mini-invasive réalisée pour traiter le cancer du foie en administrant des microsphères radioactives. Afin d'optimiser les résultats du traitement, la procédure est réalisée en deux sessions : une intervention de prétraitement, principalement réalisée pour localiser le site d'injection, évaluer la distribution et effectuer une évaluation dosimétrique, et une intervention de traitement réalisée pour injecter la dose appropriée de microsphères radioactives dans le site d'injection localisé. En raison la complexité de la vascularisation hépatique, les radiologues interventionnels manipulent soigneusement le cathéter, lors des deux interventions, sous guidage radiographique et recourent à l'injection de produit de contraste afin de visualiser les vaisseaux. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une nouvelle stratégie de guidage qui promet une simplification et une précision de la navigation du cathéter lors des deux interventions. Le système de navigation proposé traite les images préopératoires et peropératoires pour réaliser une fusion d'images grâce à une technique de recalage rigide. Cette approche est conçue pour 1) aider l'accès au tronc cœliaque, 2) aider l'accès au site d'injection et 3) reproduire le site d'injection lors de l'intervention de traitement. Sachant que le foie subit un déplacement lié au mouvement respiratoire, nous proposons également une approche qui permet d'obtenir une superposition dynamique des vaisseaux 3D projetés sur la fluoroscopieRadioembolization is a minimally-invasive intervention performed to treat liver cancer by administering radioactive microspheres. In order to optimize radioembolization outcomes, the procedure is carried out in two sessions: pretreatment assessment intervention, mainly performed to locate the injection site, assess microspheres distribution and perform dosimetry evaluation, and treatment intervention performed to inject the estimated proper dose of radioactive microspheres in the located injection site. Due to the hepatic vasculature complexity, interventional radiologists carefully manipulate the catheter, during the two interventions, under X-Ray image guidance and resort to contrast media injection in order to highlight vessels. In this thesis, we propose a novel guidance strategy that promises a simplification and accuracy of the catheter navigation during the pretreatment assessment, as well as during the treatment interventions. The proposed navigation system processes pre- and intraoperative images to achieve intraoperative image fusion through a rigid registration technique. This approach is designed to 1) assist the celiac trunk access, 2) assist the injection site access and 3) automatically reproduce the injection site during the proper intervention. Knowing that the liver undergoes a motion induced by the breathing, we also propose an approach that allows obtaining a dynamic overlay of the projected 3D vessels onto fluoroscopy
2
Gering, David T. (David Thomas) 1971. "A system for surgical planning and guidance using image fusion and interventional MR". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87160.
Resumen
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-106).
by David T. Gering.
S.M.
3
Caravaca, Mora Oscar Mauricio. "Development of a novel method using optical coherence tomography (OCT) for guidance of robotized interventional endoscopy". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAD004.
Resumen
Il manque actuellement aux médecins une nouvelle méthode qui rationalise le traitement peu invasif pour en faire des procédures à opérateur unique, assistées par une caractérisation précise des tissus in situ et en temps réel, en situation de prise de décisions dans la gestion du cancer colorectal. Une solution prometteuse à ce problème a été développée par l'équipe AVR (Automatique, Vision et Robotique) du laboratoire ICube, au sein de laquelle l'endoscope interventionnel flexible (fabriqué par Karl Storz) a été entièrement robotisé, permettant ainsi à un seul opérateur de télémanipuler indépendamment l'endoscope et deux instruments thérapeutiques insérables, grâce à unité de contrôle commune. Cependant, l'endoscope flexible assisté par robot est soumis aux mêmes limites de précision diagnostique que les systèmes d'endoscopie standards. Il a été démontré que l'OCT endoscopique présente un potentiel pour l'imagerie des troubles de la voie gastro-intestinale et pour la différenciation de tissus sains des tissus malades. Actuellement, l'OCT se limite à l'imagerie de l'œsophage humain, qui présente une géométrie simple et un accès facile. Ni l'OCT, ni l'endoscope robotisé ne peuvent résoudre à eux seuls les limites de la norme actuelle de soins pour la prise en charge d’un cancer du côlon. La combinaison de ces deux technologies et le développement d'une nouvelle plate-forme pour la détection et le traitement précoce du cancer constituent l'objet principal de cette thèse, avec la vision de développer une console d'imagerie OCT et une sonde de haute technologie intégrée à l'endoscope robotisé. Ce système permet d'obtenir des images de l'intérieur du gros intestin pour la caractérisation des tissus et l'assistance au traitement, permettant ainsi à un seul opérateur d'effectuer une intervention peu invasive en mode télémanipulationThere exists an unmet clinical need to provide doctors with a new method that streamlines minimally invasive endoscopic treatment of colorectal cancer to single operator procedures assisted by in-situ and real-time accurate tissue characterization for informed treatment decisions. A promising solution to this problem has been developed at the ICube laboratory, in which the flexible interventional endoscope (Karl Storz) was completely robotized, so allowing a single operator to independently telemanipulate the endoscope and two insertable therapeutic instruments with a joint control unit. However, the robot-assisted flexible endoscope is subject to the same diagnostic accuracy limitations as standard endoscopy systems. It has been demonstrated that endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) has a good potential for imaging disorders in the gastrointestinal tract and differentiating healthy tissue from diseased. Neither OCT, nor the robotized endoscope can solve the limitations of current standard of care for colon cancer management alone. Combining these two technologies and developing a new platform for early detection and treatment of cancer is the main interest of this work, with the aim of developing a state-of-the-art OCT imaging console and probe integrated with the robotized endoscope. The capabilities of this new technology for imaging of the interior of the large intestine were tested in pre-clinical experiments showing potential for improvement in margin verification during minimally invasive endoscopic treatment in the telemanipulation mode
4
Blanco, Sequeiros R. (Roberto). "Magnetic resonance imaging guided musculoskeletal interventions at 0.23T:optical instrument guidance, bone biopsy, periradicular nerve root therapy, discography, osteoid osteoma laser ablation; a feasibility study". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514269039.
Resumen
Abstract
The purpose of this study was firstly to evaluate the optical instrument tracking system integrated to the MRI scanner as a guidance facility in performing bone biopsy and secondly to develop and evaluate clinical musculoskeletal applications of interventional MRI at 0,23T. The clinical results and feasibility of MR-guided bone biopsy (n=14), periradicular nerve root therapy (n=61), discography (n=12) and percutaneous laser therapy of osteiod osteomas (n=5) were studied.
Bone biopsies were performed with the optical instrument tracker and bone biopsy set modified for the tracker system. The biopsy system and optical tracker mounting proved to be safe and reliable tool for bone biopsies. 14 consecutive bone biopsies and 13 fine needle aspirations were performed under MR-guidance. The clinical accuracy of MR-guided bone biopsy was 95%.
The periradicular therapy was applied to the anatomical region of lumbosacral area of 61 consecutive patients with sciatic pain. Procedural success rate was 98,5%. Of patients, 51,5% had good or excellent effect with regard to radicular pain from procedure. The therapy effect achieved with MR-guided procedure was comparable to that achieved with conventional techniques.
MR-guided discography technique and imaging protocol was developed as part of diagnostic pain provocation for patients suspected for intervertebral pain source at lumbosacral area. 34 MR-guided discographies were performed on 12 patients. In all patients positive or negative pain provocation response was obtained.
Laser induced thermal therapy for osteiod osteoma was studied in MRI. The initial guidance of the instrument and monitoring of the thermal procedure were done under MRI control. All the 5 patients were successfully treated.
The MR-guidance in musculoskeletal applications seems safe and accurate.
5
Tacher, Vania. "Optimisation du guidage tri-dimensionel en radiologie interventionnelle". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0020.
Resumen
L’optimisation du guidage en radiologie interventionnelle implique de simplifier les gestes, d’améliorer la qualité d’images et leur précision tout en réduisant l’exposition aux rayons X du personnel soignants et des patients et l’usage du produit de contraste iodé, néphrotoxique. Elle implique un travail sur chacune des quatre étapes fondamentales de chaque intervention que sont : « voir », « atteindre », « intervenir » et « contrôler » le succès de l’intervention et l’absence de complication.L’étape « voir » la cible a fait l’objet de 3 études : la première, animale, portait sur l’amélioration de la qualité d’images de cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) et la seconde, clinique, sur la précision de la segmentation des tumeurs hépatiques mise en évidence sur les images de CBCT lors de chimioembolisations (CHE). Et enfin, la troisième, clinique, sur le repérage des artères épigastriques inférieures profondes en réalité augmentée avant lambeau.L’étape « atteindre » la cible a fait l’objet de 5 études. Deux études ont validé la précision du ciblage des tumeurs hépatiques lors des CHE utilisant des logiciels de détection automatique des artères nourricières et de perfusion virtuelle du territoire tumoral à traiter sur les images de CBCT lors de CHE. Trois autres études portaient sur les cartographies 3D par la technique de fusion d’images 3D projetées sur la fluoroscopie 2D. Les deux premières premières ont montré que l’usage de la fusion d’images lors des traitements endovasculaires des anévrismes complexes de l’aorte abdominale utilisant les images d’angioscanner ou d’angioIRM préopératoires permettant de réduire voire de s’affranchir de l’usage de produit de contraste iodé dans la prise en charge de ces pathologies. Le développement de la fusion d’images notamment lors du placement de shunt porto-systémique trans-hépatique par voie trans-jugulaire a permis de faciliter ces interventions tout en limitant l’usage des rayons X dans une troisième étude.La troisième étape « interventir » a fait l’objet de trois études. Une étude, fantôme, a montré la possibilité d’obternir une imagerie sélective et quantitative des structures iodées par l’imagerie spectrale des microsphères chargées d’huile iodée. Une seconde étude préclinique animale a attesté la radioopacité de ces mêmes microsphères chargées lorsqu’elles s’accumulent dans les capillaires ou néovaisseaux et sont le reflet de la nécessité de combiner une recherche commune sur le couple imagerie/matériel. Et enfin l’étude sur la rentabilité des biospies des tumeurs guidées par l’image qui a permis de mettre fin à des dogmes.La quatrième étape « contrôler » le succès des traitements comprend deux études. La première, est une revue de la littérature et a permis de proposer une standardisation de l’usage du CBCT lors des CHE et la seconde a évalué différents facteurs prédicteurs de réponse tumorale en IRM après CHE avec un intérêt particulier porté sur l’usage de nouveaux critères d’analyse 3D (vRECIST et qEASL).Le guidage en radiologie et notamment par le CBCT est encore confronté à la limitation majeure qu’est d’utiliser des rayons X et des produits de contraste iodé mais également à un champ de vue limité et à une qualité d’images sensibles aux artéfacts. D’ou le développement d’autre moyen de guidage comme l’IRM, éléctromagnétisme, fibroptique ou encore la réalité augmentée. Ces derniers éléments font partis de projets de recherche en cours ou à venirOptimizing image guidance in interventional radiology involves simplifying procedures, improving image quality and accuracy while reducing X-rays exposure, and the use of iodinated contrast media, which is nephrotoxic. It involves to improve each of the four fundamental steps of each intervention: "see", "reach", "intervene" and "control" the success of the intervention and the absence of complication.To "see" the target was the subject of 3 studies: the first study, was an animal study focused on improving the quality of images of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The second study was a clinical study about the precision of the tumor segmentation of on CBCT images during chemoembolization (TACE). And finally, the third study was a clinical study and described the identification of the lower deep epigastric arteries in augmented reality before flap.To "reach" the target was the subject of 5 studies. Two studies investigated the accuracy of hepatic tumor targeting in TACE using automatic feeding detection and virtual tumor perfusion software on CBCT images. Three other studies were focused on 3D roadmap using the image fusion technique overlaid onto 2D fluoroscopy. The two first studies were about endovascular treatments of complex abdominal aortic aneurysms using images fusion based on angiography of computed tomography or IRM to reduce or even eliminate the use of iodinated contrast agent in the management of such disease. The development of image fusion, particularly during trans-hepatic porto-systemic shunt placement, was shown to facilitate these interventions while limiting the use of X-rays published in to a thrid study.To "intervene" step included three studies. A phantom study showed that spectral imaging displayed selective and quantitative images of iodine content of iodine-loaded microspheres. A preclinical study demonstrated their visibility on x-ray based imaging when they accumulated in capillaries or neovessels and reflected the need to combine a common search for the couple imaging / biomaterials. And finally the study on the rentability of the image guided biospies of tumors which allowed to end dogmas.To "control" the success of treatments included two studies. The first study is a review of the literature and allowed a standardization of the use of the CBCT during the TACE and the second evaluated the factors predictors of tumor response on MRI images after TACE by the use of new 3D criteria. Image guidance with the use of CBCT, is still confronted with the major limitation of the use of X-rays and iodinated contrast media, but also to a limited field of view and a sentitive images quality to artefacts. Hence the development of other image guidance types such as MRI, electromagnetism, fibroptic or augmented reality are on its way. These last elements are part of a research projects in progress or to come
6
Khallaghi, Siavash. "Image-based guidance for prostate interventions". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55055.
Resumen
Prostate biopsy is the gold standard for cancer diagnosis. This procedure is guided using a 2D transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) probe. Unfortunately, early stage tumors are not visible in ultrasound and prostate motion/deformations make targeting challenging. This results in a high number of false negatives and patients are often required to repeat the procedure. Fusion of magnetic resonance images (MRI) into the workspace of a prostate biopsy has the potential to detect tumors invisible in TRUS. This allows the radiologist to better target early stage cancerous lesions. However, due to different body positions and imaging settings, the prostate undergoes motion and deformation between the biopsy coordinate system and the MRI. Furthermore, due to variable probe pressure, the prostate moves and deforms during biopsy as well. This introduces additional targeting errors. A biopsy system that compensates for these sources of error has the potential to improve the targeting accuracy and maintain a 3D record of biopsy locations. The goal of this thesis is to provide the necessary tools to perform freehand MR-TRUS fusion for prostate biopsy using a 3D guidance system. To this end, we have developed two novel surface-based registration methods for incorporating the MRI into the biopsy workspace. The proposed methods are the first methods that are robust to missing surface regions for MR-TRUS fusion (up to 30% missing surface points). We have validated these fusion techniques on 19 biopsy, 10 prostatectomy and 11 brachytherapy patients. In this thesis, we have also developed methods that combine intensitybased information with biomechanical constraints to compensate for prostate motion and deformations during the biopsy. To this end, we have developed a novel 2D-3D registration framework, which was validated on an additional 10 biopsy patients. Our results suggest that accurate 2D-3D registration for freehand biopsy is feasible.
The results presented suggest that accurate registration of MR and TRUS data in the presence of partially missing data is feasible. Moreover, we demonstrate that in the presence of variable probe pressure during freehand biopsy, a combination of intensity-based and biomechanically constrained 2D-3D registration can enable accurate alignment of pre-procedure TRUS with 2D real time TRUS images.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
7
Kastler, Adrian. "Presentation, optmization and result of new methods of infiltration and neurolysis under CT guidance in the management of pain". Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA3017/document.
Resumen
Au cours des 20 dernières années, l'utilisation de méthode de guidage par imagerie s'est progressivemen imposé comme gold standar dans nombre d'indications Interventionel antidouleur. Les modalités de guidage els plus utilisés sont la fluoroscopie et l'échographie. Le Scanner est relativement sous-utilisé dans le domaine de la prise en charge interventionnelle de la douleur, principalement en raison des difficultés d'accès et de Disponibilités pour les praticiens de la douleur. Au travers de cette thèse, nous avons montré l'intérêt du guidage scanner dans plusieurs indications avec de bons résultats, grâce à des techniques innovantes* L'Évaluation de l'alcoolisation percutanée du ganglion sphéno-palatin dans la prise en charge de ladouleur cranio-faciale réfractaire, chez 42 patients avec taux d'efficacité globale d'alcoolisation du GSP de67,2% et une durée moyenne de soulagement de la douleur de 10,3 mois. L'analyse a montré un tauxd'efficacité élevé chez les patients avec des algies vasculaires de la face (76,5%) et des syndromesdouloureux faciaux persistent (85,7%)* L' Évaluation de l'efficacité d'un méthode simplifiée d'infiltration sous scanner du nerf grandoccipital (NGO) chez 33 patients souffrant d'une névralgie occipitale avec taux de succès clinique de 86%.En cas de succès clinique, la durée moyenne de soulagement de la douleur suivant la procédure était de9,16 mois.*La comparaison deu block vs. neurolyse par radiofréqence du ganglion stellaire sous guidage scannographique dans la prise en charge du Syndrome Douloureux Régional Complexe de Type 1 du membre supérieur chez 67 patients: on retrouve une efficacité supérieure dans le groupe RFN (67,6%, 23/34) par rapport au groupe de block (21,2%, 7/33) avec un OR de 7,76.* L'Évaluation de la neurolysepar RF des nerfs ilio-inguinal et ilio hypogastrique chez les patients souffrant de douleurs ilio-inguinal et à l'aine réfractaire.• pouvait conduire à une amélioration des résultats. Dans tous les cas, le guidage par Scanner est une valeur ajoutée dans certaines indications, car elle permet en toute sécurité, le placement précis, millimétrique, de l'aiguille. Une autre solution possible afin de réduire les risques liés à certains gestes serait le développement d'une L'Étude préliminaire sur 16 patients traités par RFN a montré une réduction significative dela douleur après RFN pendant 11,8 mois.• Une deuxième étude a été menée permettant de comparer l'efficacité de la RFN et à cellede l'infiltration dans la même indication chez 42 patients: La durée moyenne de soulagementde la douleur était statistiquement supérieure (P = 0,005) dans le groupe RF (12,5 mois)comparé au groupe d'infiltration (1,6 mois).Au cours de ces études publiées, nous avons montré que l'application d'une technique existante (neurolyse, infiltration) à une nouvelle indication, ou la modification d'une technique existante après des considérations anatomiques sonde de radiofréquence unidirectionnel, capable de créer une zone d'ablation en demi sphère dont l'orientation serait contrôlable, ce qui permettrait de réduire les risques d'ablation non désirée.Enfin, il est important de rappeler, que la prise en charge interventionnelle de la douleur d'un patient s'intègre dans une prise en charge globale, centrée autour du patient. Ainsi, la prise en charge d'un patient douloureux ne pourra se faire de manière efficace qu'en prenant en compte l'ensemble des aspects de la douleur exprimé par le patient, bien au delà des seules considérations techniques d'un geste interventionnelOver the past 20 years, the use of imaging guidance has progressively but very rapidly evolved to become a standard practice to date, with fluoroscopy and Ultrasound being the most popular imaging guiding tools. However, CT guidance is relatively underused in the field of Interventional pain management, mainly due to acces and availabilty issues for pain physicians. Therefore, the objective of this thesis are mulitple :* to evaluate the usefulness of CT scan guidance, in applying existing neurolytic techniques(block.infiltration and neurolysis) to innovative indications, allowed by the use of such an imagingguiding tool.* to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of these novel indications* Finally, to emphasize on the importance of the clinical aspects of Interventional pain managementAfter after having reminded the definitions of the different existing techniques (neural blocks, infiltration, neurolysis) and detailed existing materials (Local anesthestics, Steroids, Chemical Neurolysis, Physical Neurolysis), a brief description of existing indication of Interventional Pain will be made. Emphasis will then be made on the assessment of innovative interventional CT Guided pain techniques in various refractory pain syndromes :- Evaluation of Alcohol percutaneous neurolysis of the sphenopalatine ganglion in the management of refractory cranio facial pain , in 42 patients : overall efficacy rate of alcohol SPN was 67.2% with a mean pain relief duration of 10,3 months. Analysis showed a higher efficacy rate in patients with Cluster Headaches (76.5%) andPersisting Facial Idiopathic Pain (85.7%)- Evaluation of the efficacy of a simplified CT guided greater occipital nerve (GON) infiltration approach inthe management of occipital neuralgia (ON) in 33 patients : Clinical success rate was 86%. In case of clinicalsuccess, mean pain relief duration following procedure was 9.16 months.- Evaluation of CT-guided Stellate Ganglion Blockade vs. Radiofrequency Neurolysis in the Managementof Refractory type I Complex Régional Pain Syndrome of the Upper Limb in 67 patients : analysis performed onthe blockade and RFN groups showed a significantly (P<0.0001) higher success rate in the RFN group (67.6%,23/34) compared with thé blockade group (21.2%, 7/33) with an OR of 7.76.- Evaluation of CT Guided ilio inguinal (II) and ilio hypogastric Radiofrequency Neurolysis (RFN) inpatients with refractory ilio-inguinal and groin pain.* Preliminary Study on 16 patients treated with II RFN showed significant pain reductionafter RFN with a mean pain relief of 11,8 months.* A second study was conducted to compared the effectiveness of RFN and Infiltration in thesame indication in 42 patients : Mean duration of pain relief was statistically significant (P = .005)in the RF group (12.5 months) compared to the infiltration group (1.6 months).Throughout these published studies, we hâve shown that the application of an existing neurolytic technique in a new indication, or modifying an existing technique after anatomical considerations may lead to either higher efficacy rates, longer pain reliefs, or safer procedures. In ail cases, CT guidance is an added value to any procédures as it allows safe, précise accurate and effective needle placement in most procedures. Another possible solution to reduce procedure related risks discussed in this thesis, is the development of a unidirectional radiofrequency probe, capable of producing tissue destruction only on one half on the probe thereby creating a half mooned shaped thermal zone, which would reduce the risk of surrounding unwanted tissue damage. This topic merits further studies and development as possible everyday implications are numerous
8
Boppart, Stephen Allen. "Surgical diagnostics, guidance, and intervention using optical coherence tomography". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9889.
Resumen
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard--Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 214-229).
by Stephen Allen Boppart.
Ph.D.
9
Patel, Niravkumar Amrutlal. "Towards Closed-loop, Robot Assisted Percutaneous Interventions under MRI Guidance". Digital WPI, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/130.
Resumen
Image guided therapy procedures under MRI guidance has been a focused research area over past decade. Also, over the last decade, various MRI guided robotic devices have been developed and used clinically for percutaneous interventions, such as prostate biopsy, brachytherapy, and tissue ablation. Though MRI provides better soft tissue contrast compared to Computed Tomography and Ultrasound, it poses various challenges like constrained space, less ergonomic patient access and limited material choices due to its high magnetic field. Even after, advancements in MRI compatible actuation methods and robotic devices using them, most MRI guided interventions are still open-loop in nature and relies on preoperative or intraoperative images. In this thesis, an intraoperative MRI guided robotic system for prostate biopsy comprising of an MRI compatible 4-DOF robotic manipulator, robot controller and control application with Clinical User Interface (CUI) and surgical planning applications (3DSlicer and RadVision) is presented. This system utilizes intraoperative images acquired after each full or partial needle insertion for needle tip localization. Presented system was approved by Institutional Review Board at Brigham and Women's Hospital(BWH) and has been used in 30 patient trials. Successful translation of such a system utilizing intraoperative MR images motivated towards the development of a system architecture for close-loop, real-time MRI guided percutaneous interventions. Robot assisted, close-loop intervention could help in accurate positioning and localization of the therapy delivery instrument, improve physician and patient comfort and allow real-time therapy monitoring. Also, utilizing real-time MR images could allow correction of surgical instrument trajectory and controlled therapy delivery. Two of the applications validating the presented architecture; closed-loop needle steering and MRI guided brain tumor ablation are demonstrated under real-time MRI guidance.
10
Gilman, Lynn. "Supervisory interventions and treatment adherence an observational study of supervisor interventions and their impact on therapist model adherence /". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3352938.
Resumen
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Instruction, School of Education, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Feb. 4, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-04, Section: B, page: 2572. Adviser: Thomas L. Sexton.
11
Mbetse, David Jackson. "The development of an intervention strategy for career education in Bushbuckridge". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07272005-091231.
12
Poelzer, Ellisen Masters. "Educators' perceptions and expectations regarding intervention assistance teams". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3278471.
Resumen
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Psychology, 2007.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-10, Section: A, page: 4214. Advisers: Thomas J. Huberty; Ellen A. Brantlinger. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 20, 2008).
13
Kerner, Emily. "The motivate to explore career intervention: design and investigation of a career counselling group for disengaged adolescent males". Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106296.
Resumen
Disengaged students are at risk for failing to complete high school. When youth drop out they not only risk facing unemployment and poverty, they also lose access to crucial supports and services that could smooth the transition from school to work. As these students are likely to seek work directly after high school, they need skills for adjusting and adapting to the world of work. To date, few studies have investigated how to engage at-risk youth in the process of career exploration and how to provide them with effective tools for navigating the school-to-work transition. This program of research focused on designing a group career exploration intervention to support the development of self-determination and career adaptability for disengaged adolescent males. The literature review summarizes key constructs in the theoretical framework (a multidimensional view of career exploration that integrates motivation and vocational development). The first manuscript details a Scientist-Practitioner Design Framework (SPDF). The SPDF is a methodological approach to designing an intervention and exploring its outcomes that uses the scientist-practitioner's clinical orientation as a guide. Manuscript two is a qualitative study that explores the experiences of participants' development of self-determination and career adaptability as a function of their group experience. Fourteen adolescent males, comprising two intervention groups, were interviewed about their group experiences. The interview transcripts were analyzed using a grounded theory method. The analysis yielded a model of Developing a Work Identity, characterized as a trajectory of development starting from lacking self-knowledge prior to the group to, after the group, knowing more about the self as it relates to work. This trajectory took two different pathways. One was influenced by active help-seeking and planning, as well as seeing career as a calling. This resulted in independent exploration and a global sense of agency. Participants who described the other trajectory did not engage in behaviours to advance their development. This trajectory was influenced by seeing career as a means to an end. It resulted in depending on others for ongoing exploration and a local sense of agency. Study two was conducted in order to learn more about how the group influenced the first trajectory. It is a case study of one participant's experience of developing a work identity and the impact of the group on his development. Results of this study suggested that structure, support from peers and the facilitator, experiential activities, and opportunities to engage in identity construction dialogue were all crucial mechanisms of change. Overall, this research program presents 1) a new methodological approach with potential for bridging science and practice, 2) an innovative career intervention for disengaged youth, and 3) preliminary insight into the contextual factors and mechanisms of change that contribute to successful career development of this population. Taken together, this work advances theory, research, and practice in vocational psychology, and gives voice to an underserved population.Les étudiants désengagés sont en danger de ne pas compléter leur secondaire. Lorsque les jeunes décrochent, ils courent non seulement le risque de se trouver en situation de chômage et de pauvreté, mais ils perdent aussi leur accès à des soutiens et à des services cruciaux qui pourraient aplanir la période de transition entre l'école et le marché du travail. Comme ces étudiants tendent à se chercher du travail après le secondaire, ils ont besoin des connaissances nécessaires en vue de s'ajuster et de s'adapter au monde du travail. À ce jour, peu d'études se sont penchées sur la façon d'engager ces jeunes à risque dans le processus de recherche de carrière et de leur fournir des outils efficaces pour bien vivre cette transition allant de l'école au travail. Le présent programme de recherche mettait l'accent sur une série d'interventions d'exploration de carrières en groupe visant à soutenir l'élaboration de l'autodétermination et de l'adaptabilité de carrière pour les adolescents désengagés de sexe masculin. Le premier manuscrit présente en détail un modèle de cadre de conception pour le chercheur-praticien. C'est une approche méthodologique visant à concevoir une intervention et à en explorer les résultantes en utilisant l'orientation clinique du chercheur-praticien à titre de guide. Le deuxième manuscrit est une étude qualitative qui explore l'expérience menant au développement de l'autodétermination et de l'adaptabilité de carrière des participants comme fonction de leur expérience de groupe. Quatorze adolescents de sexe masculin formant deux groupes d'intervention furent interviewés quant à leurs expériences de groupe. Les transcriptions de ces entrevues furent ensuite analysées au moyen de la méthode de théorie à base empirique. L'analyse a donné un modèle en vue du Développement d'une Identité de Travail caractérisée comme une trajectoire de développement débutant par un manque de connaissance de soi, avant la formation du groupe, et se terminant, après le travail de groupe, par une meilleure connaissance de soi en relation au travail. Cette trajectoire a pris deux voies distinctes. La première fut influencée par la planification et la recherche d'aide active de même que le fait de voir la carrière comme une vocation. Il en a résulté une exploration indépendante et un sens global de responsabilisation. Les participants qui ont décrit l'autre trajectoire ne se sont pas engagés dans des comportements pour faire avancer leur développement. Cette seconde trajectoire fut plutôt influencée par le fait de voir la carrière comme un moyen d'atteindre un but. Il en a résulté une dépendance envers les autres pour une exploration continue et un sens local de responsabilisation. La deuxième étude fut effectuée pour en savoir davantage sur la façon dont le groupe avait influencé la première trajectoire. C'est une étude de cas de l'expérience d'un participant dans son développement d'une identité de travail et de l'impact du groupe sur son développement. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que la structure et le soutien apportés par les pairs et l'animateur, les activités expérientielles et les occasions de s'engager dans un dialogue de construction identitaire furent tous des mécanismes cruciaux de changement. En général, ce programme de recherche amène 1) une nouvelle approche méthodologique ayant un potentiel visant à jeter un pont entre la science et la pratique, 2) une intervention novatrice en matière de recherche de carrière chez les jeunes désengagés, et 3) un aperçu préliminaire dans les facteurs et les mécanismes contextuels de changement qui contribuent au succès en matière de développement de carrière auprès de ce segment de la population. Dans son ensemble, ce travail présente des théories, de la recherche et de la pratique dans le domaine de la psychologie professionnelle tout en donnant une voix à une population mal desservie.
14
Wright, Thomas W. "A handbook to equip mentors to provide spiritual guidance and crisis intervention to teens". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p028-0297.
15
Finck, Ruth Ann Charles. "Project Success : a career counseling intervention program for economically disadvantaged women /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9712799.
16
Maier-Hein, Lena [Verfasser] y R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Dillmann. "Motion compensation and computer guidance for percutenaneous abdominal interventions / Lena Maier-Hein. Betreuer: R. Dillmann". Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1014099161/34.
17
Movsisyan, Ani. "Applying GRADE in systematic reviews of complex interventions : challenges and considerations for a new guidance". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e47c6dba-ed75-4345-bd03-907e4525b29d.
Resumen
Background: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach offers a transparent framework for rating the certainty of evidence in systematic reviews. Concerns, however, have been raised that use of GRADE beyond biomedical interventions frequently downgrades the 'best evidence possible' for many complex interventions. This DPhil thesis aims to (1) further investigate the challenges of using GRADE in systematic reviews of complex interventions, (2) explore how the GRADE approach can be advanced to address these challenges, and (3) inform the write-up and dissemination of a new GRADE guidance for complex interventions. Methods: To address the broad aims of this thesis a range of methodological approaches were employed, primarily drawing on the best-practice techniques for developing research reporting guidelines (see Chapter 2). First, a systematic literature review method was used to establish whether an adequate system already exists for rating the certainty of evidence for complex interventions and informing the need for a new guidance (Chapter 3). Further consultation with experts, including semi-structured interviews with review authors and GRADE methodologists, provided a nuanced understanding of the challenges of applying GRADE in reviews of complex interventions and suggestions for advancing the guidance on GRADE (Chapter 4). Agreement around these suggestions was explored in a Delphi-based online expert panel (Chapter 5), and the content of the new GRADE guidance for complex interventions was discussed indepth in a three-day expert meeting held in Oxford in May 2017 (Chapter 6). Results: The systematic literature review identified a few systems attempting to modify GRADE for public health interventions; however, there was little reporting of rigorous procedures in the development and dissemination of these systems. Qualitative interviews captured differences in views on GRADE use between review authors and GRADE methodologists. Specifically, GRADE methodologists found it critical to consider GRADE from the beginning of the review process and exercise judgment in GRADE ratings. Review authors, on the other hand, often thought of GRADE as an 'annoying add-on' at the end of the review process and felt challenged by the need to be more interpretative with evidence and sift through many publications on GRADE. Suggestions were made to enhance the GRADE guidance. No significant disagreement was found in the online expert panel on any domain of evidence, and the expert meeting provided further insights into the content of the new GRADE guidance for complex interventions. Participants agreed that the new guidance should specify the meaning of the construct of 'certainty of evidence' for complex interventions, consider revisions of the initial categorisation of evidence based on study design, and better assess the coherence of the causal pathway of complex interventions. Conclusion: This thesis work consolidates up-to-date methodological knowledge on reviewing complex interventions by providing critical examination of the existing approaches and new insights. In transparent reporting of the research phases, it informs development of a new GRADE guidance on rating the certainty of evidence in systematic reviews of complex interventions.
18
Al-Samarrai, Lahab. "Evaluation of mythodrama intervention among middle school students". Thesis, Institute for Clinical Social Work (Chicago), 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3556973.
Resumen
This study utilizes Allan Guggenbuhl's seven-step Mythodrama method of resolving conflict and bullying in a school setting which has proven successful in Europe, applies this to a school setting in the United States, and measure that application to see if this intervention for addressing conflict and bullying is successful in a setting in the United States. Pre- and post-testing was conducted and some statistically significant improvement post-intervention was found. Study results suggest this methodology would have efficacy when applied broadly in US schools.
19
Aboshiha, J. N. "Deep phenotyping of inherited retinal disease in preparation for, and guidance of, gene therapy intervention". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1474140/.
Resumen
Deep phenotyping is used to examine inherited retinal eye disease in preparation for anticipated human gene therapy. New light is shed on the existing dichotomy in the literature regarding rod photoreceptor function in achromatopsia (ACHM), suggesting that the location and size of the stimulus used to test such function is critical. The first prospective longitudinal study of ACHM to be published suggests that any progression in ACHM is likely to be slow and subtle, both structurally and functionally. A relationship is demonstrated in ACHM between rod structure, as assessed by adaptive optics (AO) imaging, and function, where increasing ‘rod area’ correlates with lower sensitivity. AO imaging is used to serially assess groups of ACHM cone photoreceptors over time, demonstrating no change in cone densities within the measurement error derived herein. AO derived cone reflectivity profiles in ACHM are shown to broadly mirror the functional findings of detailed psychophysical assessments, where those subjects with more ‘normal’ reflectivity profiles demonstrate evidence of cone function, whilst those with ‘worse’ reflectivity profiles do not. Rarer genotypes of ACHM are further examined by AO imaging and psychophysical methods, and for one such genotype (PDE6C) a novel and distinguishing AO reflectivity profile is suggested. Photoaversion in ACHM is explored, and found, for the first time, to be the most significant symptom for a substantial proportion of patients. A novel subjective photoaversion measurement technique is developed and demonstrates fidelity with more invasive existing testing paradigms. An objective measurement technique is also refined for use in ACHM. Detailed psychophysical testing of ACHM subjects is shown to reveal an incomplete phenotype where conventional clinical tests failed to do so. Finally, young children with AIPL1 Leber congenital amaurosis are shown, for the first time, to have preserved foveal outer retinal structure, which may offer a therapeutic window for gene therapy.
20
Bell, Melanie L., Amy L. Whitehead y Steven A. Julious. "Guidance for using pilot studies to inform the design of intervention trials with continuous outcomes". DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627081.
Resumen
Background: A pilot study can be an important step in the assessment of an intervention by providing information to design the future definitive trial. Pilot studies can be used to estimate the recruitment and retention rates and population variance and to provide preliminary evidence of efficacy potential. However, estimation is poor because pilot studies are small, so sensitivity analyses for the main trial's sample size calculations should be undertaken. Methods: We demonstrate how to carry out easy-to-perform sensitivity analysis for designing trials based on pilot data using an example. Furthermore, we introduce rules of thumb for the size of the pilot study so that the overall sample size, for both pilot and main trials, is minimized. Results: The example illustrates how sample size estimates for the main trial can alter dramatically by plausibly varying assumptions. Required sample size for 90% power varied from 392 to 692 depending on assumptions. Some scenarios were not feasible based on the pilot study recruitment and retention rates. Conclusion: Pilot studies can be used to help design the main trial, but caution should be exercised. We recommend the use of sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the design assumptions for a main trial.
21
Roubin, Angel Michelle. "A resource manual of bullying intervention programs for parents, educators, and community officials in the Los Angeles area". Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3667751.
Resumen
The purpose of this study was to develop a resource manual for teachers, educators, and community officials in the Los Angeles area to facilitate identification of an intervention program that meets their specific needs. The methodology of this project involved several steps. First, Internet research identified bully intervention programs in the Los Angeles area, who were contacted for participation in the research study. A total of seven programs were interviewed regarding program elements, including use of "effective" intervention strategies, as identified by previous research. The interview data was organized into a resource manual, along with information about bullying (i.e., definitions, types, risk factors). Following compilation of the resource manual, an expert evaluator was identified based on prior experience and research in the field of bullying. The evaluator was contacted and asked to participate in the evaluation phase of the study, which included review of the manual and completion of a brief survey. Following the evaluation phase, the manual was modified to reflect the evaluator's feedback. Results of the study indicate that the programs varied in length (i.e., 60 minutes to 1 year) and cost (i.e., free to $8,000) of training, and that all utilized interventions at the systemic levels of individual, classroom, school, and community. The most commonly endorsed intervention techniques included incident reporting, school-wide presentations, social skills training, increased social support, and engagement of families and the community. Use of other intervention strategies was varied. Thematic analysis revealed that several programs were nonprofit in nature, and shared similarities across websites (e.g., links to social media, program materials). In addition, several programs offered training in school and community settings, follow-up services, and an empathy-based approach. Obstacles to bullying intervention were also discussed. Results from the evaluation phase of the manual indicated specific strengths (i.e., informative, user-friendly) and limitations (i.e., lack of formal evaluation of programs) of the resource manual, which were considered during finalization of the manual content. The intention is that the resource manual will enhance the readers' ability to make informed decisions about the use of bullying intervention programs, and therefore confidently respond to bullying incidents.
22
Brake-Brushett, Deborah. "Effect of a career counselling intervention on women participating in a government-sponsored employment enhancement program". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62373.pdf.
23
Gragg, Krista Marie. "Women, domestic violence, and career counseling : an experimental examination of the effectiveness of two career intervention programs /". view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3095246.
Resumen
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 192-199). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
24
Gromski, Danya. "Taking a closer look : exploring processes and evaluating outcomes of a video intervention : video interaction guidance (VIG)". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3400.
Resumen
Evidence suggests that Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) is an effective intervention leading to positive behaviour change when used with parents and their children. The aim of this paper is to explore the processes of Video Interaction Guidance (VIG). Utilising a case study methodology it explores some of the key processes within the video intervention through in-depth analysis of shared review sessions. It also examines what parents and EPs perceive as significant and helpful within the process of VIG. Results reveal that the interplay between the visual image and the nature and content of discussions appears to be qualitatively different when parents are more actively engaged in video review sessions. Parents perceived the intervention in different ways, which appeared to correspond with their level of engagement in shared review sessions. The limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed and the direct implications are dealt with in the overall conclusion in Paper 2 (pg. 93). Abstract Evidence suggests that Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) is an effective intervention that leads to positive behaviour change when used with parents and their children. This paper aims to evaluate the perceived impact of VIG when used with four parents and their children. Utilising a mixed methods case study methodology, it explores parents’ views of their experiences of the video intervention and examines whether any changes are maintained over time. Findings indicate that parents perceived some positive attitudinal and emotional changes. However, it was not clear that any changes were maintained over time and whether they could be solely attributed to the impact of VIG but were perhaps a result of a combination of other factors. A number of common themes emerged across cases that related to barriers and enablers of successful outcomes in VIG as perceived by parents and EPs. The direct implications of this study, suggestions for further research, and for Educational Psychology are discussed.
25
Twiggs, Jennifer. "A time-limited group intervention to promote social competance in children referred to a child guidance clinic". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17409.
Resumen
Bibliography: pages 45-49.Poor peer relationships and low self-esteem are common attributes of children referred to a Child Guidance Clinic. Peer relationships and self-esteem exert a synergistic effect on one another, both acting as bidirectional sources of stress or support ('protective factors' or 'risk factors'). While positive peer relationships are important for healthy social, cognitive and psychological development, poor relationships in childhood predate adult adjustment problems. In particular, peer relationships and the social bonds that maintain self-esteem play a role in the development, symptomatology, course and outcome of childhood depression. Thus, intervening on the level of peer relationships and self-esteem may be an important aspect of a comprehensive treatment programme for children which considers the impact of the broader social environment on a child's psychological development. Literature suggests that cognitively-based 'social-skills training' or 'social-competence promotion' programmes can significantly improve sociometric status and self-esteem, and that groups are an appropriate modality for working with children. This study described and evaluated an 8 session group intervention which targeted interpersonal relationships through: (i) building self-esteem; (ii) teaching social skills; and (iii) developing interpersonal cognitive problem-solving skills. 2 girls and 5 boys aged 8-9 years with poor peer relationships participated in the intervention. Activities designed to teach circumscribed aspects of relevant social skills formed the basis of the programme, which was applied flexibly in order to meet the changing needs of the group. In order to evaluate outcome of the intervention, qualitative and quantitative data were collected from various sources and used to support clinical assessments. Individual benefits were assessed by evaluating the response of one child against the background of the group as a whole. The measures used to evaluate outcome were: (i) a 'Party List' - a sociometric technique for collecting data about friendship choices; (ii) the Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale; (iii) standard semi-structured interviews with class teachers to obtain descriptions of social and academic adjustment and peer relationships; (iv) ratings of videotaped sequences of behaviour designed to assess changes in interactive behaviour; (v) a clinical assessment of group process (which provided a qualitative assessment of individual and group functioning, and an ongoing evaluation of group process). In general, statistical measures indicated mildly positive results of variable significance. Qualitative results suggested that the intervention effected variable improvements in self-concept and general adjustment of all the children, and improvement in the peer relationships of the target child. Teachers and parents expressed positive attitudes to the intervention, and clinically trained research assistants noted distinct positive changes in the behaviour of the target child. The accuracy and conclusiveness of these results was tempered by various problems which are discussed. It could not be concluded that changes noted were due to the intervention alone, or were more effective than any other intervention or than no intervention at all. Although results were modest, the improvements made by one child were judged to be clinically significant. This type of intervention offered some advantages in that it: (i) was relatively cost effective; (ii) lends itself to development for use in the community by non-psychologists; and (iii) minimizes some of the problems inherent in long-term individual therapy or pharmacotherapy with a child. It was proposed that this form of intervention might be particularly useful as part of multimodal intervention programme, and may have implications as a preventative intervention technique.
26
Pipal, Vauna La Reda. "Effects of an intervention program on the academic performance, school attendance, and school behavior of high school students". Scholarly Commons, 1991. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2830.
Resumen
This study investigated the effects of an intervention program on variables related to school performance in which ninth-grade high school students served as subjects. Variables that served as indicators of program effectiveness were (a) grade-point average (GPA); (b) proportions of students that attain 10th-grade status as measured by units of academic credit; (c) percent-correct scores on tests of academic skills in the areas of editing, mathematics, and reading; (d) rates of absence from classes; and (e) rates of referral for disciplinary action by teachers and administrators. Qualitative evidence of program effectiveness was secured through individual student interviews. The treatment consisted of an eight-week intervention program designed to assist all ninth-grade students in the transition from junior high school into high school. Program faculty presented six topics determined to be important to student success in high school. The treatment group consisted of 72 ninth-grade students who were matched with 72 control subjects on pretest measures of GPA and absence rate. Pretest measures of the dependent variables were taken from school records compiled during the first 10 weeks of the 9th-grade prior to student participation in the treatment program. Posttest measures of the dependent variables were taken from school records during the first full semester of the 9th-grade school year immediately following the treatment program and again during the first 12 weeks of the 10th-grade school year. Analyses of covariance demonstrated significant differences (p $<$.05) between the two groups for the first posttests of GPA and absence rates. Student interviews revealed that academic planning and improvement in study skills were the components of the treatment program that students considered most important to academic success. Results of this study provided empirical confirmation of the findings of previous research which indicated that high school intervention programs can positively affect GPA and attendance. The results also suggested that further gains in GPA and attendance might be promoted by increasing the length of the treatment program.
27
Bernhardt, Sylvain. "Automatic localization of endoscope in intraoperative CT image : a simple approach to augmented reality guidance in laparoscopic surgery". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAD008/document.
Resumen
Au cours des dernières décennies, la chirurgie mini invasive a progressivement gagné en popularité face à la chirurgie ouverte, grâce à de meilleurs bénéfices cliniques. Cependant, ce type d'intervention introduit une perte de vision directe sur la scène pour le chirurgien. L'introduction de la réalité augmentée en chirurgie mini invasive semble être une solution viable afin de remédier à ce problème et a donc été activement considérée par la recherche. Néanmoins, augmenter correctement une scène laparoscopique reste difficile à cause de la non-rigidité des tissus et organes abdominaux. En conséquence, la littérature ne fournit pas d'approche satisfaisante à la réalité augmentée en laparoscopie, car de telles méthodes manquent de précision ou requièrent un équipement supplémentaire, contraignant et onéreux. Dans ce contexte, nous présentons un nouveau paradigme à la réalité augmentée en chirurgie laparoscopique. Se reposant uniquement sur l'équipement standard d'une salle opératoire hybride, notre approche peut fournir la relation statique entre l'endoscope et un scan intraopératoire 3D. De nombreuses expériences sur un motif radio-opaque montrent quantitativement que nos augmentations sont exactes à moins d'un millimètre près. Des tests sur des données in vivo consolident la démonstration du potentiel clinique de notre approche dans plusieurs cas chirurgicaux réalistesOver the past decades, minimally invasive surgery has progressively become more popular than open surgery thanks to greater clinical benefits. However, this kind of intervention introduced a loss of direct vision upon the scene for the surgeon. Introducing augmented reality to minimally invasive surgery appears to be a viable solution to alleviate this drawback and has thus been an attractive topic for the research community. Yet, correctly augmenting a laparoscopic scene remains challenging, due to the non-rigidity of abdominal tissues and organs. Therefore, the literature does not report a satisfactory approach to laparoscopic augmented reality, as such methods lack accuracy or require expensive and impractical additional equipment. In light of this, we present a novel paradigm to augmented reality in abdominal minimally invasive surgery. Based only on standard hybrid operating room equipment, our approach can provide the static relationship between the endoscope and an intraoperative 3D scan. Extensive experiments on a radio-opaque pattern quantitatively show that the accuracy of our augmentations is less than one millimeter. Tests on in vivo data further demonstrates the clinical potential of our approach in several realistic surgical cases
28
Warren, Carrol Lynn Adams. "Crisis Intervention and Management| Are North Carolina Community Colleges Prepared to Prevent a Crisis on Campus?" Thesis, North Carolina State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3690213.
Resumen
The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which policies and behavioral assessment teams exist at North Carolina community colleges, to determine the perceived ability levels of North Carolina community college counselors when dealing with students in crisis, and to identify the characteristics of community colleges in North Carolina who have implemented policies for the assessment of students in potential crisis. Research Question One sought to analyze policy implementation for the assessment of students in crisis and the implementation of behavioral assessment teams at community colleges in North Carolina. Research Question Two used descriptive data to report the levels of the counselors’ perceived confidence when assessing risk and what they perceive as needs to address crisis intervention and management at community colleges in North Carolina. Research Question Three had the purpose of determining if a relationship is present between the five levels of risk (Sokolow et al., 2009) and the perception of confidence as reported by community college counselors in North Carolina. Research Question Four explored what type of relationship exists between North Carolina community college demographic characteristics and policy implementation level.
The methodology implemented was a mixed-methods design. A purposeful sample of counselors employed at community colleges in North Carolina was used for this study. A survey was developed and was distributed to the sample to collect both quantitative and qualitative data.
29
Muianga, Custodio Valentim. "Task-based good work practice control guidance intervention to reduce respirable cystalline silica exposures in small-scale demolition operations". Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1243268432.
Resumen
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.Advisor: Carol Rice. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Aug. 12, 2009). Keywords: Quartz exposure; worker training; work practices; small-scale demolition; Mozambique. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
30
Muianga, Custodio Valentim. "Task-based Good Work Practice Control Guidance Intervention to Reduce Respirable Crystalline Silica Exposures in Small-scale Demolition Operations". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1243268432.
31
Page, Brent Michael. "Study of an Early Wellness Program in Parkinson ’s Disease: Impact On Quality Of Life And Early Intervention Guidance". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623632.
Resumen
A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.Previous studies have shown that Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients are at an increased risk for a variety of complications impacting health related quality of life (HRQoL). Additionally, these various complications often lead to increased healthcare utilization. Wellness intervention in PD has shown to be effective in improving HRQoL and objective measures of disease burden such as motor functioning. What has not been demonstrated to date is whether patients who are given the opportunity to participate in regularly administered classes in these modalities will continue to attend and whether benefits will continue to be realized outside the strict confines of a controlled trial. This study examined whether intervening early in PD with a comprehensive Wellness Program is feasible and promotes lasting habits that will continue to provide sustained benefit. It was hypothesized that intervening early in PD with an intensive program involving structured exercise, socialization and PD specific education would serve to maintain or improve subject’s quality of life while decreasing healthcare utilization. Twenty‐one consenting ambulatory adult subjects diagnosed with PD within the last five years completed various screenings at baseline and following a required 6‐month Wellness Program intervention. Subjects were assessed at 12 and 18 months if they continued to participate. Patient demographics, disease specific quality of life, objective mobility, healthcare utilization and falls were assessed. Data were collected at Banner Sun Health Research Institute, located in Sun City, Arizona. All p‐values were 2‐tailed and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. All data analyses were conducted using STATA‐14. Twenty of twenty‐one subjects completed the required 6‐month intervention. Continued participation was 70% at 12 months and 60% at 18 months. Overall HRQoL was stable at 18 months. Significant improvement was seen in patient reported mobility and emotion sub‐areas at 12 months. Communication specific HRQoL was significantly worsened at 12 months. Subjects demonstrated a stable level of physical activity while fatigue was significantly decreased. All objective measures were significantly improved from baseline. Healthcare utilization was decreased by 18 months. A total of 5 falls were reported by 3 subjects during the 6‐month interventional period. This pilot study demonstrates that comprehensive wellness intervention in early PD is feasible, effective, safe and valuable in establishing long‐term beneficial habits while potentially reducing healthcare utilization. The significant long‐term subject participation observed in this study establishes that wellness intervention may be practical for large scale implementation. The results also highlight the importance of addressing communication specific symptoms early in the course of the disease. Ultimately, this study will aid the design and implementation of future PD wellness interventions.
32
Ojala, R. (Risto). "MR-guided interventions at 0.23T:facilities, user interface, guiding technology and musculoskeletal applications". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514266382.
Resumen
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has excellent soft tissue contrast,
which can be enhanced by different contrast agents, multiplanar imaging
capability and high temporal and spatial resolution. Even blood vessels
can be easily visualised, and MRI parameters are sensitive to temperature.
Therefore, MRI has the greatest potential for guiding and monitoring
interventional and surgical procedures.
The aim of this study was to design and evaluate new solutions for
MR-guided procedures and surgery, to develop the technique and to assess
the feasibility of MR-guided nerve root infiltration, bone biopsy and
sacroiliac (SI) joint arthrography.
The possibilities for versatile use of MR scanners were studied with
a setup where an MR scanner with a 0,23 T open magnet was installed in a
full-scale operating room (OR) to allow diagnostic MRI examinations,
research, radiological interventions and neurosurgical operations to be
performed in the same facility. All of the 144 MR-guided radiological
interventions and neurosurgical operations performed in Oulu University
Hospital between February 1999 and September 2000 were included in the
study. The studied setup was a functionally feasible solution for combined
neurosurgical and radiological use.
To further improve MR-guided interventions, a new user interface was
developed and preliminary tested with simulated clinical experiments. The
new user interface seemed to be easily adobted by radiologists for
interventional procedures.
MR-guided nerve root infiltrations were studied by using MRI
guidance on 34 consequent patients referred for first sacral root
infiltration. Needle placement into the first sacral nerve root sheath was
successful in 34 of the 35 (97%) cases, and the average duration of the
procedure was 32 minutes.
Bone biopsies were performed using a bone biopsy set designed in our
institution to be connected to an optical tracking system. The feasibility
of this new guiding system was evaluated with biopsies from five different
anatomical areas. The bone biopsy system was successfully applied to all
patients and provided a safe and accurate guidance method for all phases
of the procedure.
Twenty patients with low back pain suspected to arise from the SI
joint underwent MR-guided SI joint arthrography. The procedure was
successfully performed in all cases. The needle guiding with optical
tracking inside the soft tissues proved to be accurate enough for
successful procedures.
In conclusion, versatile use of MR scanners for diagnostic imaging,
radiological procedures and neurosurgery is feasible if planned properly.
The prototype of a new user interface for MR-guided procedures allows
radiologist to fully control the MR-scanner during the procedure. MRI is a
suitable and accurate guidance method for musculoskeletal interventions.
33
Ralovich, Kristof [Verfasser], Nassir [Akademischer Betreuer] Navab, Nassir [Gutachter] Navab y Franjo [Gutachter] Pernus. "Image-based Treatment Outcome Prediction and Intervention Guidance for Cardiovascular Diseases / Kristof Ralovich ; Gutachter: Nassir Navab, Franjo Pernus ; Betreuer: Nassir Navab". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1177241439/34.
34
Dungan, H. Nancy Fitzpatrick. "A study of self-efficacy based interventions on the career development of high achieving male and female high school students". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37243.
Resumen
Over the last twenty years women have gradually entered number of occupations that have been considered "traditionally male". Despite recent gains, women continue to be underrepresented in science, mathematics and engineering career fields. Based on the application of Bandura's self-efficacy theory as applied to career development, the purpose of this study was to determine whether there was any difference in career choice self-efficacy, career decision-making self-efficacy or career maturity after participating in one of two performance-based research programs, specifically, a community-based mentorship program or a school-based research program. In addition the study investigated gender and personality differences between the groups, the student and mentor/supervisor perceptions of the quality and enjoyment of the experience, the quantitative application, the time involved and ways to improve the programs.
The quasi-experimental study used a non-randomized control-group pretest-posttest design with two experimental groups and one control group. To determine the reliability and validity of the student perception instrument and the mentor/supervisor validation assessment, a pilot study was conducted. The groups were pre and post tested using the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale, the Career Development Inventory and the Self-Efficacy for Technical/Scientific Fields Scale. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with PSAT scores and grade point averages serving as covariates.
The results of the study found no differences in gain scores between the experiential programs and ordinary maturation. However, students in the mentorship program felt more positive about their mentor, the scientific/technical nature of the experience, and the application and enjoyment of the program than did the school-based group. The groups differed generally on the judging/perceiving characteristic of the Myers-Briggs Personality Indicator scale. Gender differences were found in time supervisors spent with students: whereas, mentors spent over twice as much time helping females, school-based teachers spent twice as much time with males.
Recommendations include further validation of self-efficacy measures, further investigation of the effectiveness of self-efficacy based interventions, and replication with more diverse and special populations as well as with elementary and junior high school students.Ed. D.
35
Honnorat, Nicolas. "Curvilinear Structures Segmentation and Tracking in Interventional Imaging". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECAP0007/document.
Resumen
Cette thèse traite de la segmentation et du suivi de structures curvilinéaires. La méthodologie proposée est appliquée à la segmentation et au suivi des guide-fils durant les interventions d’angioplastie. Pendant ces opérations, les cardiologues s’assurent que le positionnement des différents outils est correct au moyen d’un système d’imagerie fluoroscopique temps-réel. Les images obtenues sont très bruitées et les guides sont, en conséquence, particulièrement difficiles à segmenter. Les contributions de cette thèse peuvent être regroupées en trois parties. La première est consacrée à la détection des guides, la seconde a leur segmentation et la dernière a leur suivi. La détection partielle des guide-fils est réalisée soit par la sélection d’un opérateur de filtrage approprié soit en utilisant des méthodes modernes d’apprentissage artificiel. Dans un premier temps, un système réalisant un Boosting asymétrique pour entraîner un détecteur de guides est présenté. Par la suite, une méthode renforçant la réponse d’un filtre orientable au moyen d’une variante efficace de vote tensoriel est décrite. Dans la seconde partie, une approche ascendante est proposée, qui consiste à regrouper des points sélectionnés par le détecteur de fil, à extraire des primitives des agrégats obtenus et a les lier. Deux procédures locales de regroupement des points sont étudiées : une reposant sur un clustering de graphe non supervisé suivi d’une extraction de segments de droites ; et l’autre reposant sur un modèle graphique puis une extraction d’axe central. Par la suite, deux méthodes de liaison des primitives sont étudiées : la première repose sur une approche de programmation linéaire, et la seconde sur une heuristique de recherche locale. Dans la dernière partie, des méthodes de recalage sont utilisées pour améliorer la segmentation et pour suivre les fils. Le suivi propos´e couple un suivi iconique avec un suivi géométrique contenant un modèle prédictif. Cette méthode utilise un modèle graphique déterminant à la fois une position du guide-fil (segmentation) et des correspondances (tracking). La solution optimale de ce modèle graphique décrit simultanément les déplacements du guide-fil et les appariements entre points d’intérêt qui en sont extraits, fournissant ainsi une estimation robuste des déformations du fil par rapport aux grands déplacements et au bruitThis thesis addresses the segmentation and the tracking of thin curvilinear structures. The proposed methodology is applied to the delineation and the tracking of the guide-wires that are used during cardiac angioplasty. During these interventions, cardiologists assess the displacement of the different devices with a real-time fluoroscopic imaging system. The obtained images are very noisy and, as a result, guide-wires are particularly challenging to segment and track. The contributions of this thesis can be grouped into three parts. The first part is devoted to the detection of the guide-wires, the second part addresses their segmentation and the last part focuses on their spatio-temporal tracking. Partial detection of guide-wires is addressed either through the selection of appropriate filter operators or using modern machine learning methods. First, a learning framework using an asymmetric Boosting algorithm for training a guidewire detector is presented. A second method enhancing the output of a steerable filter by using an efficient tensor voting variant is then described. In the second part, a bottom-up method is proposed, that consists in grouping points selected by the wire detector, in extracting primitives from these aggregates and in linking these primitives together. Two local grouping procedures are investigated: one based on unsupervised graph-based clustering followed by a linesegment extraction and one based on a graphical model formulation followed by a graph-based centerline extraction. Subsequently, two variants of linking methods are investigated: one is based on integer programming and one on a local search heuristic. In the last part, registration methods are exploited for improving the segmentation via an image fusion method and then for tracking the wires. This latter is performed by a graph-based iconic tracking method coupled with a graphbased geometric tracking that encodes to certain extend a predictive model. This method uses a coupled graphical model that seeks both optimal position (segmentation) and spatio-temporal correspondences (tracking). The optimal solution of this graphical model simultaneously determines the guide-wire displacements and matches the landmarks that are extracted along it, what provides a robust estimation of the wire deformations with respect to large motion and noise
36
MacCallum, Laura. "A systematic review of school based mentoring interventions and an exploratory study of using Video Interaction Guidance to support peer reading mentors". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2280.
Resumen
This piece of work consists of three parts; a systematic literature review, bridging document and research article. The systematic literature review investigates the effectiveness of school based peer mentoring initiatives on the academic, social/emotional and behavioural outcomes of mentees. The review explored nine studies with the majority demonstrating significant short term effects for mentees related to at least one outcome. One of the studies explored long term effects for mentees but gave no evidence of significant gains for long term outcomes. The results of the review highlighted the need for further exploration of peer mentoring interventions in UK schools and specifically revealed a gap relating to the benefits and experiences of peer mentors. The bridging document explains the rationale for the research focus, methodology, method and data analysis. Ontological, epistemological and methodological perspectives are discussed and ethical principles explored. The research explores how peer reading mentors can be supported in their role using Video Interaction Guidance. A case study method was used to explore how VIG could support two peer mentors work with their mentees over six peer mentoring sessions. Three films of each peer mentor were taken and three shared review sessions were transcribed. Pupil view templates were used to further explore the reflective dialogue of the peer mentors after video shared review sessions. The themes that emerged from the data were reflecting and evaluating self, attunement and body language, video as a learning tool, mentor skills and collaborating. The findings suggest that VIG was valued by the peer reading mentors and the types of learning they experienced are discussed with reference to future research recommendations.
37
Bouchard, Amy. "Effect of haptic guidance and error amplification robotic training interventions on the immediate improvement of timing among individuals that had a stroke". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9543.
Resumen
Abstract : Many individuals that had a stroke have motor impairments such as timing deficits that hinder their ability to complete daily activities like getting dressed. Robotic rehabilitation is an increasingly popular therapeutic avenue in order to improve motor recovery among this population. Yet, most studies have focused on improving the spatial aspect of movement (e.g. reaching), and not the temporal one (e.g. timing). Hence, the main aim of this study was to compare two types of robotic rehabilitation on the immediate improvement of timing accuracy: haptic guidance (HG), which consists of guiding the person to make the correct movement, and thus decreasing his or her movement errors, and error amplification (EA), which consists of increasing the person’s movement errors. The secondary objective consisted of exploring whether the side of the stroke lesion had an effect on timing accuracy following HG and EA training. Thirty-four persons that had a stroke (average age 67 ± 7 years) participated in a single training session of a timing-based task (simulated pinball-like task), where they had to activate a robot at the correct moment to successfully hit targets that were presented a random on a computer screen. Participants were randomly divided into two groups, receiving either HG or EA. During the same session, a baseline phase and a retention phase were given before and after each training, and these phases were compared in order to evaluate and compare the immediate impact of HG and EA on movement timing accuracy. The results showed that HG helped improve the immediate timing accuracy (p=0.03), but not EA (p=0.45). After comparing both trainings, HG was revealed to be superior to EA at improving timing (p=0.04). Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the side of stroke lesion and the change in timing accuracy following EA (r[subscript pb]=0.7, p=0.001), but not HG (r[subscript pb]=0.18, p=0.24). In other words, a deterioration in timing accuracy was found for participants with a lesion in the left hemisphere that had trained with EA. On the other hand, for the participants having a right-sided stroke lesion, an improvement in timing accuracy was noted following EA. In sum, it seems that HG helps improve the immediate timing accuracy for individuals that had a stroke. Still, the side of the stroke lesion seems to play a part in the participants’ response to training. This remains to be further explored, in addition to the impact of providing more training sessions in order to assess any long-term benefits of HG or EA.Résumé : À la suite d’un accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC), plusieurs atteintes, comme un déficit de timing, sont notées, et ce, même à la phase chronique d’un AVC, ce qui nuit à l’accomplissement de tâches quotidiennes comme se vêtir. L’entrainement robotisé est un entrainement qui est de plus en plus préconisé dans le but d’améliorer la récupération motrice à la suite d’un AVC. Par contre, la plupart des études ont étudié les effets de l’entrainement robotisé sur l’amélioration de l’aspect spatial du mouvement (ex : la direction du mouvement), et non l’aspect temporel (ex : timing). L’objectif principal de ce projet était donc d’évaluer et de comparer l’impact de deux entrainements robotisés sur l’amélioration immédiate du timing soit : la réduction de l’erreur (RE), qui consiste à guider la personne à faire le mouvement désiré, et l’augmentation de l’erreur (AE), qui nuit au mouvement de la personne. L’objectif secondaire consistait à explorer s’il y avait une relation entre le côté de la lésion cérébrale et le changement dans les erreurs de timing suivant l’entrainement par RE et AE. Trente-quatre personnes atteintes d’un AVC au stade chronique (âge moyen de 67 ± 7 années) ont participé à cette étude, où ils devaient jouer à un jeu simulé de machine à boules. Les participants devaient activer une main robotisée au bon moment pour atteindre des cibles présentées aléatoirement sur un écran d’ordinateur. Les participants recevaient soit RE ou AE. Une ligne de base et une phase de rétention étaient données avant et après chaque entrainement, et elles étaient utilisées pour évaluer et comparer l’effet immédiat de RE et AE sur le timing. Les résultats ont démontré que RE permet d’améliorer les erreurs de timing (p=0,03), mais pas AE (p=0,45). De plus, la comparaison entre les deux entrainements a démontré que RE était supérieur à AE pour améliorer le timing (p=0,04). Par ailleurs, une corrélation significative a été notée entre le côté de la lésion cérébrale et le changement des erreurs de timing suivant AE (r[indice inférieur pb]=0,70; p=0,001), mais pas RE (r[indice inférieur pb]=0,18; p=0,24). En d’autres mots, une détérioration de l’exécution de la tâche de timing a été notée pour les participants ayant leur lésion cérébrale à gauche. Par contre, ceux ayant leur lésion à droite ont bénéficié de l’entrainement par AE. Bref, l’entrainement par RE peut améliorer les erreurs de timing pour les survivants d’AVC au stade chronique. Toutefois, le côté de la lésion cérébrale semble jouer un rôle important dans la réponse à l’entrainement par AE. Ceci demeure à être exploré, ainsi que l’impact d’un entrainement par RE et AE de plus longue durée pour en déterminer leurs effets à long terme.
38
Dauer, Doreen M. "Group counseling for anger control : the effects of an intervention program with middle school students /". Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134419/.
39
Du, Toit Annette. "An evaluation of a possible increase in self-knowledge through a career counselling intervention for grade 11 learners in previously disadvantaged schools". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96842.
Resumen
Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Organisations are largely dependent on their workforce in order to be successful and competitive. In order to do accomplish this goal, employees need to be motivated and feel satisfaction in their jobs. Employees who are unhappy in their work will be unproductive and eventually become a cost to their employers. Employees who have made the wrong career choice are more likely to be unhappy in the workplace and it is therefore very important to make the correct career choice from the beginning. In South Africa, the choice of a career usually occurs when one is still in Grade 11 or Grade 12. Unfortunately, career counselling is expensive and many learners’ parents do not have the financial capacity to afford career counselling, resulting in their children making a career choice based on the available information that they are able to access. These sources of information often are incorrect or incomplete, leading to a wrong career choice. At this stage, an adequate level of self-knowledge in order to make an informed career choice is not always present, either. Self-knowledge, consisting of personality, aptitude and interests, is an important construct necessary for making an informed career choice. The aim of this research study was to develop a group-based, low cost career counselling intervention for Grade 11 learners in schools where the learners would not otherwise be able to access career counselling, with the intention of increasing their self-knowledge. Three subtests of the Differential Aptitude Test, the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire and the Meyers Interest Questionnaire were utilised in the intervention and self-knowledge was measured using a self-developed questionnaire based on the Career Development Questionnaire. The statistical results indicated that this intervention was successful in increasing self-knowledge, but it was also seen that the intervention led to an increase in career maturity.1 This group-based, relatively low-cost career-counselling intervention can therefore be offered to schools whose learners are not able to afford individual career counselling as it will assist learners, through increasing their self-knowledge and level of career maturity, in making a more informed career choice.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ondernemings is grootliks afhanklik van hul werknemers om suksesvol en kompeterend te wees. Vir ondernemings om hierdie doelwit te bereik, is dit belangrik dat hul werknemers gemotiveerd en tevrede in hul posisies moet wees. Werknemers wat ongelukkig in hul werk is, sal onproduktief wees en sal uiteindelik ‘n koste vir hul werkgewers word. Werknemers wat die verkeerde loopbaankeuse gemaak het, is meer geneig daartoe om ongelukkig in die werkplek te wees and daarom is dit baie belangrik om die regte loopbaankeuse van die begin af te maak. In Suid-Afrika is dit gewoonlik nodig om ‘n loopbaankeuse in Graad 11 of Graad 12 te maak. Loopbaanvoorligting is ongelukkig duur en baie leerders se ouers het nie die finansiële vermoë om loopbaanvoorligting vir hul kinders te bekostig nie. Dit lei daartoe dat hierdie leerders loopbaankeuses maak op grond van die inligting wat tot hulle beskikking is. Hierdie inligtingsbronne is in baie gevalle onvolledig of verkeerd, wat tot ‘n verkeerde keuse kan lei. Die voldoende vlak van selfkennis wat nodig is om ‘n ingeligte beroepskeuse te maak,is nie altyd op hierdie ouderdom teenwoording nie Selfkennis, wat uit persoonlikheid, aanleg en belangstellings saamgestel is, is ‘n belangrike konstruk wat nodig is om ‘n ingeligte beroepskeuse te maak. Die doel van hierdie navorsingstudie was om ‘n groepsgebaseerde, lae-koste loopbaanvoorligtingintervensie vir Graad 11-leerders te ontwikkel, met die doel om hul selfkennis te verhoog. Hierdie intervensie is gemik op skole waar leerders dit nie andersins sou kon bekostig om loopbaanvoorligting te bekom nie. Drie subtoetse van die Differensiële Aanlegtoets, die 16 Persoonlikheidsfaktor Vraelys, sowel as Meyer se Belangstellingsvraelys is in die intervensie gebruik. Selfkennis word gemeet deur die gebruik van ‘n self-ontwikkelde vraelys wat op die Loopbaanontwikkelingsvraelys gebaseer is. Die statistiese resultate het aangedui dat die intervensie suksesvol vir die verhoging van selfkennis aangewend kon word, maar daar is ook gevind dat die intervensie tot ‘n verhoging in loopbaanvolwassenheid gelei het.2 Hierdie groepsgebaseerde, loopbaanvoorligtingsintervensie kan daarom met redelik lae koste aan skole gebied word waar leerders nie loopbaanvoorligting kan bekostig nie, aangesien dit die leerders sal help om vanweë die verhoging van hul selfkennis en vlak van loopbaanvolwassenheid ‘n beter ingeligte beroepskeuse te maak.
40
Schmitt, Rachel Calkins Oxnard. "The effects of a self-monitoring and video self-modeling intervention to increase on-task behavior for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3378379.
Resumen
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Psychology, 2009.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-10, Section: A, page: 3758. Adviser: Thomas J. Huberty.
41
Feathers, Tammie N. "The Use of Alternative School Placements for Disciplinary Interventions With At-risk Students". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1999. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2908.
Resumen
The purpose of this study was to investigate effective ways of providing educational services for at-risk students who are repeatedly placed out of the regular classroom into an alternative school. Characteristics of both settings were investigated in terms of meeting student needs to determine what ingredients might be missing from either or both settings that should be implemented to help these students succeed. The research was qualitative and used a case study design. Primary data were gathered from interviews with five students placed in an alternative school setting and interviews with teachers and administrators in both the regular school and the alternative school. Cumulative student records were also used. The researcher concluded that students who are repeatedly placed in the alternative program are a very small percentage in each school; however, there is a need for better resources in both the regular and alternative programs to meet the needs of these students. Key ingredients are better communication between the two settings and a better understanding of the role of the alternative program in serving these students. There is also a need for transition planning and follow-up with students who are not finding success when placed back in the regular classroom and are being pulled back and forth between the two programs.
42
HOOKER, RICHARD J. "THE COMORBIDITY OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND MENTAL ILLNESS DIAGNOSIS AMONG DELINQUENT MALE YOUTH, ITS CORRELATES AND THE INTERVENTIONS THAT ARE TYPICALLY EMPLOYED". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin990732374.
43
Ellis-Kalton, Carrie A. "Science- and engineering-related career decision-making, bright adolescent girls and the impact of an intervention program /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036823.
Resumen
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2001.Typescript. Vita. "The Newton Summer Academy is a program intervention funded by the National Science Foundation. It was developed at the University of Missouri-Columbia by a team of scientists, instruction and curriculum personnel, and educators."--Leaf 8. "The present study sought to investigate the saliency of social cognitive factors in the career decision-making processes of bright, adolescent females. In addition, the present study aimed to gain empirical information about the effectiveness of the Newton Summer Academy, a National Science Foundation intervention program."--Leaf [12]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-162). Also available on the Internet.
44
Strohm, David A. "The impact of a cognitive information processing intervention on dysfunctional career thoughts and vocational identity in high school students". Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/993.
45
Parker, Kathryn. "A systematic review of the existing research around parent-child interaction video interventions and an exploration of the learning space created within video interaction guidance supervision". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1368.
Resumen
The most important aspect of good supervision is said to be the relationship, yet we know little about what type of relationship may support the learning process in supervision. The aim of this project was to explore the current literature on, and the learning process within Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) supervision, which is widely acknowledged for its focus on developing attuned interactions. This is a relatively under-researched area both within the VIG literature and in the wider supervision literature more generally, where there is little mention of VIG as a potential supervisory model or approach. Due to the limited literature and research on VIG and supervision the systematic review widened the search to explore the impact of the use of video to support care giver-child interactions. Results suggested that there were short term effects on the interaction, although the long term effects were unclear. The following research asked two questions a) what kind of learning occurs within VIG supervision, and b) what type of supervision brings this about. Seven VIG facilitators, training to become VIG guiders were interviewed on their supervision sessions. VIG supervision was described as qualitatively different from more process driven supervision which was generally viewed as being less meaningful, beneficial and supportive. The types of learning that were supported are discussed.
46
Kapanadze, Maria. "Moral identity and career construction: implications for theory, intervention and research. Example of people in recovery from substance use disorders". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663725.
Resumen
- Embargo 12 mesos- There is growing interest in the efficacy of career construction as a
technique in counseling programs which aim to improve employability. There
remains a lack of empirical scholarship on career interventions applied to
vulnerable groups, especially interventions which feature the role of moral
identity work and address experiences of trauma. The investigation aimed to
adapt the Life-Design Counseling (LDC) protocol to address the psychological
and moral needs of persons with substance use disorders [SUDs] in recovery
and interrogate how persons reconstruct their career and moral frameworks in
the aftermath of trauma. The study employed a mixed methods research
approach. The findings suggest that adapted LDC is an effective intervention
to bolster the employability. A positive relationship was observed between
the internalization of moral identity and personal proactivity, work-related
acceptance and action, and personal competence. Moral self-schemas were found
to influence occupational interests and choices, meanings of work, and career
identity.- Embargo 12 mesos -Existe un interés creciente sobre la eficacia de la construcción de la carrera profesional, utilizada como una técnica en los programas de orientación y cuyo objetivo es mejorar la empleabilidad. Existe una falta de estudios empíricos sobre las intervenciones orientadoras aplicadas a las poblaciones vulnerables, especialmente a las intervenciones que enfatizan la construcción de la identidad moral y las que abordan las experiencias de trauma. La investigación pretendía adaptar el protocolo de intervención orientadora siguiendo el enfoque del Diseño de Vida (LDC) para abordar las necesidades psicológicas y morales de personas en recuperación de las drogodependencias y analizar cómo las personas reconstruyen su identidad moral y carrera después del trauma. El estudio empleó un enfoque de investigación de métodos mixtos. Los resultados sugieren que el LDC adaptado es una intervención efectiva para reforzar la empleabilidad. Se observó una relación positiva entre la internalización de la identidad moral y la proactividad personal, la aceptación y la acción relacionadas con el trabajo y la competencia personal. Se descubrió que los autoesquemas morales influyen en los intereses y las opciones ocupacionales, los significados del trabajo, y la identidad profesional.
47
Agibo, Maria Luisa Lopes Chicote. "Intervenção e avaliação em orientação profissional: narrativas de adolescentes moçambicanos sobre a escolha da profissão e a influência parental". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59141/tde-19012017-151935/.
Resumen
A Orientação Profissional e de Carreira tem sido objeto de estudo desde o início do século passado, constituindo um domínio do conhecimento teórico e prático de relevante interesse por parte de pesquisadores e profissionais do campo da Psicologia Vocacional em diferentes cenários e contextos. No entanto, no que se refere ao contexto moçambicano, poucos estudos mostraram interesse em promover serviçossistematizados que visemajudar os adolescentes a refletir sobre a complexidade do processo da escolha e sua natureza multideterminada. Constatada esta lacuna, este estudo objetivou delinear, implementar e avaliar uma intervenção em Orientação Profissional e de Carreira para adolescentes, alunos do ensino secundário público moçambicano. Para concretizar os objetivos almejados foi delineado um estudo do tipo pesquisa-ação. Apoiando-se numa abordagem prevalentemente qualitativa, primeiro buscou-se indagar as condições pessoais, familiares e contextuais que influenciam no processo da escolha e em seguida avaliar a intervenção a partir da ótica dos participantes. A intervenção iniciou com um grupo de adolescentes (N=30), estudantes do ensino secundário (1º e 2º ciclos) público moçambicano, na cidade de Nampula, matriculados entre a 8ª e 12ª classe, com idades compreendidas entre 14-18 anos, de ambos sexos. Entre eles desistiram de participar da intervenção sete (7), sendo que a amostra final foi de 23 participantes, e participaram da avaliação pós-intervenção 18 estudantes. A coleta de dados decorreu ao longo de doze sessões e última avaliação seis meses após a intervenção. A coleta de dados baseou-se emtécnicas de cunho qualitativo (narrativas), a saber: \"Carta aos pais\", Redação sobre a escolha profissional e de carreira, \"Carta ao Presidente da República\", \"Carta ao Orientador Hipotético\" e uma atividade baseada em um Roteiro de questões abertas que foram respondidas em quatro momentos diferentes ao longo da intervenção. A análise e discussão dos dados se apoiou na abordagem qualitativa e se subsidiou da análise temática de conteúdo, proposta por Minayo e nos aportes da perspectiva desenvolvimentista e construtivista de teorias de carreira. Os resultados corroboraram na complexidade dos fatores que multideterminam a escolha profissional e de carreira, sendo que família, particularmente marcada com o exercício de autoridade vinculada ao modelo cultural, no qual é reservado aos pais uma posição particular de \"decisão\", exerce ainda uma contínua e incontornável influência nas aspirações e escolhas profissionais dos adolescentes. O diálogo, o apoio moral, e instrumental atuam como mediadores desta influência.A avaliação da intervenção, de um lado, contribuiu para preencher a lacuna da insipiência de intervenções sistematizadas que se propõem a avaliar serviços ou programas no âmbito da intervenção em orientação profissional e de carreira, incluindo a perspectiva dos usurários. Sobre a avaliação levada adiante neste estudo há que destacar primeiro que os relatos dos participantes concluintes convergem na apreciação positiva tanto dos procedimentos quanto dos resultados do processo. Os participantes que avaliaram o processoconfirmaram a hipótese da urgência, necessidade e pertinência de serviços nesta área, tendo sugerido a continuidade, expansão e manutenção do serviço, em particular para o contexto escolar moçambicano. As opiniões emitidas pelos \"avaliadores\" (estudantes) da intervenção convergem na ideia de que futuras intervenções devem focalizar a abordagem de Educação para a Carreira a ser desenvolvida ao longo da vida escolar. Outro resultado significado do estudo aponta para uma temática muito debatida na área, trata-se da importância da formação dos orientadores profissionais, com foco nas competências teórico-práticase relacionais. O foco na abordagem qualitativa ajudou a explicitar a natureza subjetiva da carreira, a interrelação entre os fatores pessoais e contextuais, reforçando a importância de ajudar as novas gerações a desenvolver atitudes mais ativas no processo de construção das suas identidades pessoais e ocupacionais de modo a se adaptar mais adequadamente às atuais e contínuas mudanças que ocorrem em diferentes âmbitos da vida humana, em particular no mundo do trabalho. As considerações conclusivas apontam asimplicações para a prática e algumas linhas que podem servir de ponto de partida para refletir sobre possibilidades de intervenção com particular atenção ao domínio da realidade moçambicana. Limitações do estudo são assumidas com vista a aprimorar futuras intervenções.The vocational guidance and career has been studied since the beginning of last century, constituting a domain of theoretical and practical knowledge of relevant interest by researchers and Vocational Psychology field professionals in different settings and contexts. However, with regard to the Mozambican context, few studies have shown an interest in promoting systematic services aimed at helping teens to reflect on the complexity of the process of choice and its multifactorial nature. Found this gap, this study aimed to design, implement and evaluate an intervention in Career Guidance for mozambican public secondary school students. To achieve the desired goals was outlined a kind of action research study. Relying on a prevalently qualitative approach, first sought to investigate the personal, family and contextual influencing the process of choice, and then evaluate the intervention from the perspective of the participants. The intervention began with a group of 30 adolescents (N = 30), high school students (1st and 2nd cycles) mozambican public in the city of Nampula, enrolled between the 8th and 12th grade, aged 14-18 years, of both sexes. Among them gave up to participate in the intervention seven (7), and the final sample consisted of 23 participants, and participated in the post-intervention assessment 18 students. Data collection took place over twelve sessions and final evaluation six months after the intervention. Data collection was based on qualitative approach techniques (narratives), namely: \"Letter to Parents\" Writing about the career choice and career, \"Letter to the President\", \"Letter to the Hypothetical Guinding\" and an activity based on a open questions roadmap which were answered at four different times during the intervention. Analysis and discussion of the data was based on a qualitative approach and subsidized the thematic content analysis proposed by Minayo and contributions from the developmental perspective and constructivist theories of career. The results confirm the complexity of the factors that multidetermin career choice and career, and that family, particularly marked with the exercise of authority linked to the cultural model, in which it is reserved for parents a particular position of \"decision\", still exerts a continuous and inescapable influence on the aspirations and career choices of adolescents. The dialogue, moral support, and instrumental act as mediators of this influence. The evaluation of the intervention on the one hand, contributed to fill the gap of the foolishness of systematic interventions that purport to assess services or programs of intervention in vocational guidance and career, including the prospect of usurers. On the evaluation carried on in this study must be first noted that the reports of the graduating participants converge on the positive assessment of both the procedures and the outcomes of the process. Participants reviewed the confirmed case of urgency, necessity and relevance of services in this area and suggested the continuity, expansion and maintenance of the service, in particular for the mozambican school context. Opinions expressed by \"evaluators\" (students) intervention converge on the idea that future interventions should focus on Career Education being developed throughout school life. Another significance of the study results point to a much debated topic in the area, it is the importance of training professionals guiding, focusing on theoretical and practical and relational skills.The focus on qualitative approach helped explain the subjective nature of the career, the interrelationship between personal and contextual factors, reinforcing the importance of helping new generations to develop more active attitude sin the construction of their personal and occupational identities in order to adapt better to the current and continuous changes that occur in different areas of human life, particularly in the workplace.The conclusive considerations point the implications for practice and some lines that can serve as a starting point to reflect on possibilities of intervention with particular attention to the area of the Mozambican reality. Study limitations are taken in order to improve future interventions.
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Duménil, Aurélien. "Fusion d'images et de modèles pour le guidage d'interventions endovasculaires". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S034/document.
Resumen
Ces travaux de thèse s'inscrivent dans le contexte des gestes médico-chirurgicaux assistés par ordinateur pour le traitement endovasculaire de l'anévrisme de l'aorte abdominale. La complexité de ce type de procédure et l'évolution permanente des dispositifs endovasculaires posent des difficultés liées notamment à la sélection des endoprothèses les mieux adaptées à l'anatomie du patient et à la localisation précise des outils endovasculaires lors de l'intervention. L'objectif de ces travaux thèse est d'apporter aux cliniciens une aide à la décision lors de la planification et de la réalisation de la procédure. L'approche envisagée consiste à mettre en correspondance les examens d'imagerie préopératoire et peropératoire et à les combiner avec des modèles d'interaction dispositifs / tissus pour améliorer le positionnement des endoprothèses dans des structures vasculaires déformables. Nous envisageons tout d'abord une solution permettant de positionner interactivement des modèles d'endoprothèse dans la structure vasculaire préopératoire afin de vérifier l'adéquation des endoprothèses sélectionnées avec l'anatomie du patient. La méthode s'appuie sur un modèle géométrique ou mécanique approché de l'endoprothèse placée dans une structure vasculaire non déformable. Nous proposons ensuite une solution originale de simulation des interactions outil-tissu dans le but d'anticiper les déformations vasculaires provoquées par l'insertion des outils, relativement rigides, avant le déploiement des endoprothèses. Le guidage de l'intervention par navigation endovasculaire augmentée est abordé au travers du recalage 3D/2D. Une méthode polyvalente est proposée afin de mettre en correspondance le scanner ainsi que les modèles préopératoires avec les images peropératoires. L'évaluation de ces méthodes et leur application sur données patients ont permis de montrer la compatibilité de l'approche proposée avec le workflow cliniqueThis thesis deals with computer-assisted surgery in the context of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. The complexity of this procedure and the ongoing development of endovascular devices pose challenges such as the selection of the most appropriate stent-grafts for the patient anatomy and the precise location of endovascular tools during surgery. The aim of this thesis is to provide clinicians with decision support for the planning and the performance of the procedure. The proposed approach consists in matching preoperative and intraoperative image data and in combining them with tool-tissue interaction models in order to improve the positioning of stent-grafts in deformable vascular structures. We consider a solution for positioning stent-grafts interactively in the preoperative vascular structure to verify the adequacy of the selected stent-grafts with the patient anatomy. The method is based on a geometrical or simplified mechanical model of the stent graft placed in a rigid vascular structure. We propose an original solution for simulating tool-tissue interactions in order to anticipate vascular deformations caused by the insertion of stiff tools before stent-graft deployment. Augmented reality guidance for endovascular interventions is addressed through 3D/2D registration. A versatile method is proposed for the matching of the CT-scan and preoperative models with intraoperative images. The evaluation of these methods and the results obtained on patient data have shown the compatibility of the proposed approach with the clinical workflow
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Kassar, Nicole [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Glöckler y Martin [Gutachter] Glöckler. "A new approach of three-dimensional guidance in paediatric cath lab: segmented and tessellated heart models for cardiovascular interventions in CHD / Nicole Kassar ; Gutachter: Martin Glöckler ; Betreuer: Martin Glöckler". Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204637717/34.
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Byles, Hestie Sophia. "The impact of a board game as parent guidance strategy to reinforce Cognitive Control Therapy in the home environment". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11132007-113100/.