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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Leishmaniasis"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 29 de marzo de 2025

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Leishmaniasis"

Doroodgar, Masoud, Moein Doroodgar y Abbas Doroodgar. "Unusual Presentation of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Ocular Leishmaniasis". Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3198547.

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The leishmaniases are parasitic diseases that are transmitted to humans by infected female sandflies. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of 3 main forms of the disease. CL is the most common form of the disease and is endemic in many urban and rural parts of Iran and usually caused by two species ofLeishmania:L. majorandL. tropica.We report a case of unusual leishmaniasis with 25 lesions on exposed parts of the body and right eyelid involvement (ocular leishmaniasis). The patient was a 75-year-old male farmer referred to health care center in Aran va Bidgol city. The disease was diagnosed by direct smear, culture, and PCR from the lesions. PCR was positive forLeishmania major.

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Mota, Camila Alves, Jully Oyama, Mariana de Souza Terron Monich, Aline Ávila Brustolin, João Vítor Perez de Souza, Letícia Sayuri Murase, Luciana Dias Ghiraldi Lopes, Thais da Silva Santos, Jorge Juarez Vieira Teixeira y Thaís Gomes Verzignassi Silveira. "Three decades of clinical trials on immunotherapy for human leishmaniases: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Immunotherapy 13, n.º 8 (junio de 2021): 693–721. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt-2020-0184.

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Aim: Current treatments for leishmaniases are not satisfactory, thus alternatives are needed. We searched for clinical trials with immunotherapeutic approaches for patients with leishmaniasis. Materials & methods: Out of 205 articles, 24 clinical trials were selected, and eight submitted to meta-analysis. Results: A reduction in healing time was observed in patients with tegumentary leishmaniasis treated with pentavalent antimony plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and therapeutic vaccines. Overall meta-analysis indicated that immunotherapy associated with the standard chemotherapy generated a significantly reduced risk of treatment failure than the pentavalent antimony alone (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Our review confirmed the efficacy of immunotherapies for the treatment of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis and highlighted the importance of clinical trials using immunotherapies for leishmaniases.

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Benchimol, Jaime Larry. "Leishmaniases of the New World from a historical and global perspective, from the 1930s to the 1960s". História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 27, suppl 1 (septiembre de 2020): 95–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702020000300006.

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Abstract The first autochthonous cases of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Americas were described in 1909, but visceral leishmaniasis only erupted as a public health problem in the region in 1934. Today Brazil is the country with the most cases of American tegumentary leishmaniasis, and alongside India has the highest incidence of visceral leishmaniasis. Knowledge production and efforts to control these diseases have mobilized health professionals, government agencies and institutions, international agencies, and rural and urban populations. My research addresses the exchange and cooperation networks they established, and uncertainties and controversial aspects when notable changes were made in the approach to the New World leishmaniases.

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El-Mouhdi, Karima, Abdelkader Chahlaoui y Mohammed Fekhaoui. "The Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and the Sand Fly: Knowledge and Beliefs of the Population in Central Morocco (El Hajeb)". Dermatology Research and Practice 2020 (18 de noviembre de 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1896210.

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Background. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a neglected parasitic dermal disease transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female sand fly. Morocco hopes to eliminate all forms of leishmaniasis by 2030. These dermatoses pose a real public health problem in the country. Although the information is available on the disease, individual knowledge of cutaneous leishmaniasis and sand fly is not yet developed. Exploring people’s beliefs and popular behaviours about cutaneous leishmaniasis and its vector allows health officials to know the sociocultural aspects of the disease and to improve prevention and control actions. Objectives. To identify the knowledge of cutaneous leishmaniasis and its vector in the population in central Morocco. Methods. Based on the epidemiological data of leishmaniases in the province of El Hajeb, we conducted a field survey and personal interviews in April and May 2019, among 281 persons belonging to the localities where leishmaniases were registered. Results. Our results show that the participants use the concept of “Chniwla” (61.6%) for sand fly and the concept of “Hboub Chniwla” (50.8%) for cutaneous leishmaniasis; 24.6% of the respondents do not know how the disease is transmitted to humans and 43.7% use traditional treatments and home remedies to cure themselves. 44% of participants believe that sand fly does not transmit the disease to humans and only 6.4% were aware of their responsibility in vector control. Conclusions. The study concluded that there is a need to simplify the scientific terminology in the health education of citizens regarding these dermatoses and their vector by integrating the popular concepts obtained in this study to raise public awareness and facilitate their involvement as active actors in the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

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Grifferty, Grace, Hugh Shirley, Katherine O’Brien, Jason L. Hirsch, Adrienne M. Orriols, Kiira Lani Amechi, Joshua Lo et al. "The leishmaniases in Kenya: A scoping review". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 2023): e0011358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011358.

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Background The leishmaniases are a group of four vector-borne neglected tropical diseases caused by 20 species of protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through a bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. Endemic in over 100 countries, the four types of leishmaniasis–visceral leishmaniasis (VL) (known as kala-azar), cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL)–put 1.6 billion people at risk. In Kenya, the extent of leishmaniasis research has not yet been systematically described. This knowledge is instrumental in identifying existing research gaps and designing appropriate interventions for diagnosis, treatment, and elimination. Methodology/Principal findings This study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology to determine the state of leishmaniases research in Kenya and identify research gaps. We searched seven online databases to identify articles published until January 2022 covering VL, CL, MCL, and/or PKDL in Kenya. A total of 7,486 articles were found, of which 479 underwent full-text screening, and 269 met our eligibility criteria. Most articles covered VL only (n = 141, 52%), were published between 1980 and 1994 (n = 108, 39%), and focused on the theme of “vectors” (n = 92, 34%). The most prevalent study types were “epidemiological research” (n = 88, 33%) tied with “clinical research” (n = 88, 33%), then “basic science research” (n = 49, 18%) and “secondary research” (n = 44, 16%). Conclusion/Significance While some studies still provide useful guidance today, most leishmaniasis research in Kenya needs to be updated and focused on prevention, co-infections, health systems/policy, and general topics, as these themes combined comprised less than 4% of published articles. Our findings also indicate minimal research on MCL (n = 1, <1%) and PKDL (n = 2, 1%). We urge researchers to renew and expand their focus on these neglected diseases in Kenya.

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Pagniez, Julie, Elodie Petitdidier, Oriana Parra-Zuleta, Joana Pissarra y Rachel Bras-Gonçalves. "A systematic review of peptide-based serological tests for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis". Parasite 30 (2023): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2023011.

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Serological methods should meet the needs of leishmaniasis diagnosis due to their high sensitivity and specificity, economical and adaptable rapid diagnostic test format, and ease of use. Currently, the performances of serological diagnostic tests, despite improvements with recombinant proteins, vary greatly depending on the clinical form of leishmaniasis and the endemic area. Peptide-based serological tests are promising as they could compensate for antigenic variability and improve performance, independently of Leishmania species and subspecies circulating in the endemic areas. The objective of this systematic review was to inventory all studies published from 2002 to 2022 that evaluate synthetic peptides for serological diagnosis of human leishmaniases and also to highlight the performance (e.g., sensitivity and specificity) of each peptide reported in these studies. All clinical forms of leishmaniasis, visceral and tegumentary, and all Leishmania species responsible for these diseases were considered. Following PRISMA statement recommendations, 1,405 studies were identified but only 22 articles met the selection criteria and were included in this systematic review. These original research articles described 77 different peptides, of which several have promising performance for visceral or tegumentary leishmaniasis diagnosis. This review highlights the importance of and growing interest in synthetic peptides used for serological diagnosis of leishmaniases, and their performances compared to some widely used tests with recombinant proteins.

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Guimarães, Maria Carolina Soares, Beatriz J. Celeste, Edelma María Corrales L. y Carlos M. F. Antunes. "Comparison on the performance of Leishmania major-like and Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis as antigen for new world leishmaniasis IgG-immunofluorescence test". Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 33, n.º 6 (diciembre de 1991): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651991000600012.

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The performance of an antigen of L. major-like promastigotes for the serological diagnosis of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the IgG-immunofluorescent test was compared to that of an antigen of L. braziliensis braziliensis. Each antigen was used to test two hundred and twenty-four sera of etiologies such as mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, deep mycoses, toxoplasmosis, malaria, Chagas' disease, visceral leishmaniasis, anti-nuclear factor, schistosomaiasis, rheumatoid factor and normal controls. Agreement between responses to each antigen was high: 77.2% of leishmaniases sera agreed on a positive or a negative result to both antigens and 91.1 % of control sera. Cross reactivity was restricted to Chagas' disease sera, visceral leishmaniasis, anti-nuclear factor and paracoccidiodomycosis. The quantitative response of leishmaniasis and Chagas' disease sera to both antigens was evaluated by a linear regression; although the y-intercept and the slope were different for each antigen, neither was better than the other in the disclosure of anti-Leishmania antibodies. In the case of Chagas' disease sera the L. major-like antigen was better than L. b. braziliensis' to disclose cross-reacting antibodies.

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Hakkour, Maryam, Mohamed Mahmoud El Alem, Asmae Hmamouch, Abdelkebir Rhalem, Bouchra Delouane, Khalid Habbari, Hajiba Fellah, Abderrahim Sadak y Faiza Sebti. "Leishmaniasis in Northern Morocco: Predominance of Leishmania infantum Compared to Leishmania tropica". BioMed Research International 2019 (8 de agosto de 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5327287.

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In Morocco, Leishmania infantum species is the main causative agents of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). However, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) due to L. infantum has been reported sporadically. Moreover, the recent geographical expansion of L. infantum in the Mediterranean subregion leads us to suggest whether the nonsporadic cases of CL due to this species are present. In this context, this review is written to establish a retrospective study of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in northern Morocco between 1997 and 2018 and also to conduct a molecular study to identify the circulating species responsible for the recent cases of leishmaniases in this region. Data concerning leishmaniases cases were collected from the Epidemiology and Disease Control Directorate from 1997 to 2018. Human samples obtained from peripheral laboratories were examined using PCR-ITS1 method. The ITS1 products were subjected to digestion with the restriction endonuclease Mn1-I. Between 1997 and 2018, a total of 1,255 cases of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis were recorded in Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima Region, i.e., 1.56% of the reported cases in Morocco (1,255/80,299). Concerning the geographical study covering the period 2007-2018, 79.5% (105/132) of the sectors were affected by leishmaniases. The molecular results showed that Humans were found to be infected with the L. infantum species with a high infection rate compared to L. tropica infection. Moreover, molecular characterization using ITS1 PCR-RFLP showed that the density of L. infantum was significantly higher (n = 68/81; 84%) than that of L. tropica (n = 13/81; 16%) (P-value 9.894e-10). While regarding visceral leishmaniasis, L. infantum was the only species responsible of this form. These findings of this study showed the emergence of L. infantum in Morocco and suggest that this species might be more prevalent than previously thought. Furthermore, the molecular determination of L. infantum will be helpful for control strategies by taking into consideration the reservoir of this species.

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Santarém, Nuno, Luís Cardoso y Anabela Cordeiro-da-Silva. "Advances in Leishmania Research: From Basic Parasite Biology to Disease Control". Microorganisms 11, n.º 3 (8 de marzo de 2023): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030696.

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The genus Leishmania (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) currently comprises just over 50 species, of which about 20 cause several syndromes in humans, collectively known as leishmaniasis or “leishmaniases” [...]

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Pasquier, Grégoire, Magalie Demar, Patrick Lami, Asma Zribi, Pierre Marty, Pierre Buffet, Nicole Desbois-Nogard et al. "Leishmaniasis epidemiology in endemic areas of metropolitan France and its overseas territories from 1998 to 2020". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, n.º 10 (7 de octubre de 2022): e0010745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010745.

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Background In France, leishmaniasis is endemic in the Mediterranean region, in French Guiana and to a lesser extent, in the French West Indies. This study wanted to provide an updated picture of leishmaniasis epidemiology in metropolitan France and in its overseas territories. Methodology/Principal findings Leishmaniasis cases were collected by passive notification to the French National Reference Centre for Leishmaniases (NRCL) in Montpellier from 1998 to 2020 and at the associated Centre in Cayenne (French Guiana) from 2003 to 2020. In metropolitan France, 517 autochthonous leishmaniasis cases, mostly visceral forms due to Leishmania infantum (79%), and 1725 imported cases (French Guiana excluded), mainly cutaneous leishmaniasis from Maghreb, were recorded. A slight decrease of autochthonous cases was observed during the survey period, from 0.48 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year in 1999 (highest value) to 0.1 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year in 2017 (lowest value). Conversely, imported cases increased over time (from 59.7 in the 2000s to 94.5 in the 2010s). In French Guiana, 4126 cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis cases were reported from 2003 to 2020. The mean incidence was 103.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year but varied in function of the year (from 198 in 2004 to 54 in 2006). In Guadeloupe and Martinique (French West Indies), only sporadic cases were reported. Conclusions/Significance Because of concerns about disease expansion and outbreaks in other Southern Europe countries, and leishmaniasis monitoring by the NRCL should be continued and associated with a more active surveillance.

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Más fuentes

Tesis sobre el tema "Leishmaniasis"

Huaynates, Orellana Gazelle Marina. "Leishmaniasis canina". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2009. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/688.

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La leishmaniasis es una infección parasitaria que afecta a humanos, animales domésticos y silvestres. Es causada por los miembros del género Leishmania que realizan parte de su ciclo biológico en un hospedador vertebrado, en forma aflagelar o amastigote. Y completan su desarrollo en el tubo digestivo del hospedador invertebrado, en su forma flagelar o promastigote, estos son flebótomos del género Phlebotomus en el Viejo Mundo y Lutzomyia en el Nuevo Mundo (Miró, 2007b; Baneth, 2006, 2007). En varios países de América el principal vector de leishmaniasis visceral es Lutzomyia longipalpis, su distribución abarca desde el sur de México hasta el norte de Argentina y es capturada dentro y fuera de las viviendas humanas (Milleron et al., 2004; Lainson y Rangel, 2005; González et al., 2006; Ramírez et al., 2006; Dantas, 2008; Diniz et al., 2008). La leishmaniasis está distribuida en el sur de Europa, África, Asia, América del sur, centro y recientemente en Estados Unidos y Canadá (Baneth, 2007). En el mundo hay 14 millones de personas infectadas y cada año se registran 2 millones de casos nuevos. De ellos 500,000 viscerales, que provoca más de 50,000 defunciones; y 1´500,000 casos cutáneos. La población en riesgo se eleva a 350 millones de personas y sólo en 33 de los 88 países endémicos la leishmaniasis es una enfermedad de notificación obligatoria (OMS, 2007). Los cambios ecológicos, demográficos y medioambientales relacionados con nuevos proyectos de desarrollo, urbanización y grandes movimientos de población están conduciendo a un aumento a escala mundial de consecuencias sanitarias adversas donde el desarrollo del flebótomo vector se ve favorecido, de tal manera que la aparición de casos parece estar relacionada con la continua deforestación y la expansión urbana, que se ha intensificado en los últimos años. Posicionándose como un problema de salud pública cada vez más acusado en muchas regiones de Latinoamérica, especialmente en Brasil, Colombia y Venezuela, donde anteriormente no se encontraba (Desjeux, 2002; Rondón, 2006; ENY-740S, 2007; Sousa y Pearson, 2009). El rol del perro (Canis familiaris), como reservorio en la transmisión doméstica y peri doméstica de la leishmaniasis humana ha sido reconocida desde que Charles Nicoles, el ganador al premio Nobel, descubrió la enfermedad en perros en Tunisia en 1908. El número de perros infectados en Sud América es estimado en millones con una alta tasa de infección en algunas áreas de Brasil y Venezuela (Killick-Kendrick, 1999; Baneth, 2006, 2007; Sousa y Pearson, 2009). La leishmaniasis canina es una enfermedad zoonótica que existe en cerca de 50 de los 88 países donde la leishmaniasis humana está presente y resulta frecuentemente mortal en humanos y perros no tratados (Baneth, 2006; Coura et al., 2006). En la población canina afectada los signos clínicos son muy variables, podemos observar desde animales aparentemente sanos, hasta otros que manifiestan varios signos clínicos. Esto se debe a la complejidad de los mecanismos patogénicos dependientes del parásito y a la marcada individualidad de la respuesta inmunitaria del hospedador (Miró, 2007b). Los términos que utilizaremos como abreviación para leishmaniasis canina será Lcan, en esta especie la piel se ve afectada en el transcurso de la diseminación de la enfermedad a los órganos internos, manifestándose ambas formas de la enfermedad a la vez (Killick-Kendrick, 1999; Baneth, 2006; Miró, 2007b; OIE, 2008). Para designar la enfermedad según sus manifestaciones clínicas en humanos, usaremos las siguientes abreviaciones: leishmaniasis cutánea (LC), leishmaniasis mucocutánea (LMC) y leishmaniasis visceral (LV) (Killick-Kendrick, 1999; Baneth, 2006). La presente monografía pretende ser un documento actualizado donde se revisa la enfermedad en todos sus aspectos, para aumentar los conocimientos existentes sobre esta zoonosis parasitaria de creciente interés en los últimos veinte años.
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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Leashing Leishmaniasis". Office of the Vice President Research, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2770.

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Siddiqui, Mahveen. "Asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis". Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313394.

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Eslami, Zohreh. "Immunochemotherapy in experimental leishmaniasis". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ29930.pdf.

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Eslami, Zohreh. "Immunochemotherapy in experimental leishmaniasis". Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42025.

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The proliferation dynamics in vitro of the obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani was studied for 14 days in resting monolayers of peritoneal macrophages of C57BL/6 $(Lsh sp{ rm s})$ mice inoculated with 5, 50, or 500 promastigotes/cell. Irrespective of the inoculum, only 50 to 65% of the cells became infected initially; only 3 to 6 amastigotes were present in each macrophage initially, suggesting a limited number of parasite ligands on the host cell. The amastigotes did not divide in the first 3 or 4 days after infection and then they actively proliferated from day 5 to day 8; the number of parasites was then reduced. Infection with L. donovani down-regulates immunity and parasite clearance by macrophages, but IL-2-stimulated splenocytes activate leishmanicidal action in vitro in infected peritoneal macrophages and in vivo in C57BL/6 (Lsh$ sp{ rm s})$ mice. IL-2-stimulated splenocytes were most effective when used in the non-proliferating phase of the infection, whereas the anti-leishmanial drug Pentostam was most effective when used during the proliferative phase. Immunochemotherapy was more effective than either treatment alone. Infection with L. donovani abolishes the ability of macrophages to produce the superoxide and INO microbicidal responses; curative treatment with IL-2-stimulated splenocytes restores the ability of infected macrophages to secrete inorganic nitrogen oxides, but not to produce a superoxide response. Pentostam had no effect to stimulate either microbicidal mechanism in infected cells; the drug is, therefore, probably directly toxic to the parasite. These studies have indicated, among other things, that IL-2-stimulated splenocytes rescue infected cells and infected animal from the immunological deficit which L. donovani induces, allowing the re-establishment of those mechanisms that make the macrophage an essential component of the host's protective immune system.

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Ahmed, Ahmed Abdelaziz. "Neuroimmune interaction in cutaneous leishmaniasis /". Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/search/diss.se.cfm?19980925ahme.

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Carson, Connor. "Vaccine trials against canine leishmaniasis". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3637/.

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Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) is a fatal disease caused by the sandfly-borne intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum, and vaccine development in the reservoir host (the domestic dog) is a current research priority. The aims of this study were (1) to conduct safety and immunogenicity trials of two candidate vaccines in dogs, and (2) to compare and demonstrate the utility of immunological and molecular tools for measurement of vaccine efficacy in naturally exposed dogs. DNA/ modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) prime/boost canine vaccines expressing the Leishmania proteins TRYP and LACK were safe, and elicited a type-1 cytokine response, in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity and IgG2 class responses, consistent with superior protective immunogenicity of TRYP over LACK. However, inconsistent associations were found between progressive disease in infected dogs and IgG class levels, prompting caution in use of the latter as a proxy for protective immunogenicity. Specific serological responses in vaccinated dogs did not cross-react with an unrelated diagnostic antigen rK39, and responses to crude parasite antigen (CLA) were minimal, enabling serological detection of infection incidence in vaccinated dogs. Particularly in early stage infection, CLA ELISA was more sensitive than rK39 ELISA and an rK39-based rapid diagnostic test, though rK39 serology was sensitive for diagnosis of symptomatic clinical cases. A commercially available PCR kit incorporating a rapid oligochromatographic detection step was tested for the first time in dogs, and proved highly sensitive for detection of ZVL infection in bone marrow, comparable to existing nested PCR methods. Molecular methods were investigated as proxy measures to replace labour-intensive xenodiagnosis for detection of the infectiousness of dogs to biting sand flies. Conventional and real-time PCR of tissues from naturally infected dogs were sensitive tests to identify infectiousness, but showed low to moderate specificity. Recommendations are made to improve the application of molecular methods as proxy measures of infectiousness and hence vaccine efficacy.

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Perry, Meghan Rose. "Arsenic, antimony and visceral leishmaniasis". Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/14edf50b-4943-4ec8-8556-8aaecf3a9f49.

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In Bihar state, India, the cure rate of antimonial compounds in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has declined from over 85% to less than 50%. This has been attributed to prolonged, widespread misuse of antimonials within the Indian private healthcare system. An alternative resistance hypothesis is that exposure to arsenic in drinking water in this region has resulted in antimony-resistant Leishmania parasites. Leishmania donovani were serially passaged in mice exposed to environmentally-relevant levels of arsenic in drinking water. Arsenic accumulation in organs of these mice was proportional to exposure. After five passages, isolated parasites were refractory to SbV in drug sensitivity assays. Treatment of infected mice with SbV confirmed that these parasites retained resistance in vivo, supporting this hypothesis. A retrospective field study on a cohort of antimony treated VL patients was performed in an arsenic contaminated area of Bihar to evaluate the presence of an increased risk of treatment failure and death in those exposed to arsenic. It demonstrated a significant increased risk of death from VL in arsenic exposed patients but did not indicate a significant relationship between arsenic exposure and antimonial treatment failure. Collectively these data suggest that it is biochemically possible that arsenic contamination may have contributed to the development of antimonial resistance in Bihar although issues of underpower and the retrospective nature of our epidemiological study made it difficult to conclusively demonstrate this. Further research in to the relationships between arsenic exposure and antimonial treatment failure and death in the leishmaniases is warranted.

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Martori, Muntsant Clara. "Vitamin D and canine leishmaniasis". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673957.

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Les leishmaniosis són un grup de malalties causades per protozous del gènere Leishmania que es transmeten per vectors. La leishmaniosi visceral (LV) humana pot ser mortal si no es tracta, resultant en 26 000-65 000 morts a l’any. Els cànids són el principal reservori i hostes de Leishmania infantum, l’agent causant de la LV zoonòtica a la conca mediterrània. Es desconeixen els mecanismes que regulen el resultat final de la infecció, però és sabut que el sistema immunitari juga un paper clau en el control de la malaltia. Diversos estudis han demostrat que la vitamina D té un rol important en la resposta immune, activant el sistema immunitari innat i modulant la resposta adaptativa. A més, s’ha descrit la relació entre la deficiència de vitamina D i el risc de patir diverses malalties. L’objectiu de la tesis va ser estudiar si la vitamina D té una contribució rellevant en la leishmaniosi canina (LCan). Per això, es va mesurar la concentració de vitamina D en mostres de sèrum d’una població de gossos sans i malalts residents en zona altament endèmica i se’n va estudiar la relació amb paràmetres parasitològics i immunològics. Els gossos malalts presentaven nivells de vitamina D significativament més baixos que els no infectats i que els infectats asimptomàtics. A més, la deficiència de vitamina D es correlacionava amb paràmetres relacionats amb la progressió de la LCan. També vam investigar si variacions genètiques en el locus del gen del receptor de la vitamina D s’associa amb la progressió de la LCan, però les freqüències al·lèliques dels polimorfismes (SNPs) trobats no van resultar ser estadísticament diferents entre grups. Llavors, vam analitzar la concentració de vitamina D en mostres de sèrum preses en diferents períodes de l’any en una cohort de gossos sans. Els resultats van mostrar que no hi ha variació estacional dels nivells de vitamina D en gossos. També es va analitzar retrospectivament la concentració de vitamina D en gossos amb leishmaniosi clínica i gossos no-infectats a l’inici de l’estudi, quan tots els animals eren negatius a Leishmania, i un any després. Mentre que els gossos sans no van mostrar canvis en els nivells de vitamina D durant l’estudi, els que van desenvolupar leishmaniosi van mostrar una reducció significativa al final de l’estudi. Per tant, la concentració de vitamina D no és un factor de risc per desenvolupar LCan, sinó que disminueix amb el curs de la malaltia. Un model in vitro va demostrar que afegir vitamina D activa (1,25(OH)2D3) comporta una reducció significativa de la càrrega de L. infantum en macròfags canins. Analitzant l’expressió de gens relacionats amb la via de la vitamina D en monòcits canins primaris vam demostrar que l’expressió de la β-defensina CBD103 augmenta significativament amb l’addició de 1,25(OH)2D3. Els resultats van corroborar que la vitamina D juga un paper en el control del paràsit. Per últim, es va estudiar la viabilitat de la vitamina D com a adjuvant per potenciar l’efecte d’una vacuna enfront la leishmaniosi. Es va administrar vitamina D conjuntament amb una vacuna d’ADN encapsulada en liposomes a ratolins BALB/c. Dues setmanes després de la vacunació els animals van ser infectats amb L. infantum. Es va mesurar la càrrega parasitària en òrgans diana i es va avaluar la resposta immune abans de la infecció i sis setmanes després. La vacuna no va reduir significativament la càrrega parasitària, però amb la co-administració de vitamina D es va apreciar una tendència a disminuir-la. L’estudi de la resposta immunològica va suggerir que l’augment de limfòcits T CD4+ i CD8+ podrien haver contribuït en la protecció parcial aconseguida per la vacuna amb la vitamina D com a potenciador.
Las leishmaniosis son un grupo de enfermedades causadas por protozoos del género Leishmania que se transmiten por vectores. La leishmaniosi visceral (LV) humana puede ser mortal si no se trata, resultando en 26 000-65 000 muertes por año. Los cánidos son el principal reservorio y huéspedes de Leishmania infantum, el agente causante de la LV zoonótica en la cuenca mediterránea. Se desconoce el mecanismo que regula el resultado final de la infección, pero se sabe que el sistema inmunitario juega un papel clave en el control de la enfermedad. Varios estudios han demostrado que la vitamina D tiene un rol importante en la respuesta inmune, activando el sistema inmunitario innato y modulando la respuesta adaptativa. Además, se ha descrito la relación entre la deficiencia de vitamina D y el riesgo de sufrir algunas enfermedades. El objetivo de la tesis fue estudiar si la vitamina D tiene una contribución relevante en la leishmaniosis canina (LCan). Para ello se determinó la concentración de vitamina D en muestras de suero de una población de perros sanos y enfermos de leishmaniosis residentes en una zona altamente endémica y se estudió la relación de ésta con parámetros parasitológicos e inmunológicos. Los perros enfermos mostraron niveles de vitamina D significativamente más bajos que los no infectados y que los infectados asintomáticos. Además, la deficiencia de vitamina D se correlacionó con parámetros relacionados con la progresión de la enfermedad. También investigamos si las variaciones genéticas en el locus del gen del receptor de la vitamina D se asocia con la progresión de LCan, pero las frecuencias alélicas de los polimorfismos (SNPs) encontrados no resultaron ser estadísticamente diferentes entre grupos. Posteriormente se analizó la concentración de vitamina D en muestras de suero tomadas en diferentes periodos del año en una cohorte de perros sanos. Los resultados mostraron que no hay una variación estacional de los niveles de vitamina D en perros. También se analizó retrospectivamente la concentración de vitamina D en perros con leishmaniosis clínica y perros no infectados al inicio del estudio, cuando todos los animales eran negativos a Leishmania, y un año después. Mientras que los perros sanos no mostraron cambios en los niveles de vitamina D durante el estudio, los que desarrollaron leishmaniosis mostraron una reducción significativa al final del estudio. Por lo tanto, la concentración de vitamina D no es un factor de riesgo para desarrollar LCan, sino que disminuye con el curso de la enfermedad. Un modelo in vitro demostró que añadir vitamina D activa (1,25(OH)2D3) conlleva una reducción significativa de la carga de L. infantum en macrófagos caninos. Analizando la expresión de genes relacionados con la vía de la vitamina D en monocitos caninos primarios demostramos que la expresión de la β-defensina CBD103 aumenta significativamente con la adición de 1,25(OH)2D3. Los resultados corroboraron que la vitamina D juega un papel en el control del parásito. Por últimos, se estudió la viabilidad de la vitamina D como adyuvante para potenciar el efecto de una vacuna frente la leishmaniosis. Se administró vitamina D junto a una vacuna de ADN encapsulada en liposomas a ratones BALB/c. Dos semanas después de la vacunación los animales se infectaron con L. infantum. Se determinó la carga parasitaria en órganos diana y se evaluó la respuesta inmune antes de la infección y seis semanas después. La vacuna no redujo significativamente la carga parasitaria, pero con la coadministración de vitamina D se apreció una tendencia a reducirla. El estudio de la respuesta inmunológica sugirió que el aumento de linfocitos T CD4+ y CD8+ podrían haber contribuido a la protección parcial conseguida cuando se administró vitamina D como potenciador junto a la vacuna.
Leishmaniasis are a group of neglected vector-borne diseases caused by obligate intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) can be fatal if left untreated, resulting in 26 000-65 000 deaths per year. Canids are the main reservoir and hosts of L. infantum, the causative agent of zoonotic VL in the Mediterranean Basin. The mechanisms that regulate the outcome of the infection are undisclosed, although it is well known that immune system plays a key role in leishmaniasis disease control. Several studies have shown that vitamin D plays an important immunomodulatory role by activating innate immune system and modulating the adaptive immune response. Furthermore, the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the risk of suffering from a plethora of health disorders has been described. The aim of the thesis was to study if vitamin D have a relevant contribution in canine leishmaniasis (CanL). Because of that, we measured vitamin D concentration in serum samples from a cohort of healthy and ill dogs from a highly endemic area and we have also studied the relationship of vitamin D concentration with parasitological and immunological parameters. The sick dogs presented significantly lower vitamin D levels than their non-infected and the asymptomatic counterparts. In addition, vitamin D deficiency correlated with several parameters linked to leishmaniasis progression. We also aimed to investigate whether genetic variation within the vitamin D receptor gene locus is associated with the progression of CanL, but the allelic frequencies of the four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) found were not statistically different between groups. Afterwards, we analysed retrospectively vitamin D concentration in serum samples from a cohort of healthy dogs collected in different periods of the year. The results showed that there is not a seasonal variation of vitamin D concentration in dogs. We also analysed retrospectively vitamin D concentration in serum samples from dogs with clinical leishmaniasis and non-infected healthy dogs, in which we measured vitamin D levels at the beginning of the study, when all dogs were negative for Leishmania, and 1 year later. Whereas non-infected dogs showed no changes in vitamin D levels along the study, those developing clinical leishmaniasis showed a significant vitamin D reduction at the end of the study. Therefore, vitamin D concentration is not a risk factor for developing canine leishmaniasis, but it diminishes with the onset of clinical disease. An in vitro model using a canine macrophage cell line proved that adding active vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) leads to a significant reduction in L. infantum load. Analyzing expression of genes related to vitamin D pathway on primary canine monocytes, we showed that defensin CBD103 expression was significantly enhanced after active vitamin D addition. The in vitro results corroborated that vitamin D plays a role in parasitic control. Finally, we studied the suitability of vitamin D as an adjuvant to enhance the effect of a DNA vaccine against VL. BALB/c mice were treated with vitamin D concomitantly with a DNA vaccine encapsulated in liposomes. Two weeks after vaccination, the animals were infected with L. infantum parasites. Parasite load was measured in target tissues and immune response was evaluated before challenge and six weeks post-infection. Our DNA vaccine did not significantly reduce parasite load in liver nor spleen, but vitamin D coadministration showed a tendency to diminish parasite load in target organs. The study of cell response in splenocytes suggested that higher levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells may be responsible for the partial protection mediated by the DNA vaccine with vitamin D as enhancer.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Farmacologia

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Garner, Tracy Denise. "Tropical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis". Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536941.

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Libros sobre el tema "Leishmaniasis"

Hart, D. T., ed. Leishmaniasis. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9.

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Singh, Veer y Ashish Kumar. Visceral Leishmaniasis and Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781032643120.

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Kumar, Awanish. Leishmania and Leishmaniasis. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8869-9.

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Satoskar, Abhay y Ravi Durvasula, eds. Pathogenesis of Leishmaniasis. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9108-8.

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Kumar, Awanish. Leishmania and leishmaniasis. New York: Springer, 2013.

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Rivas, Luis y Carmen Gil, eds. Drug Discovery for Leishmaniasis. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788010177.

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Hashiguchi, Yoshihisa. Studies on new and old world leishmaniases and their transmission, with particular reference to Ecuador, Argentina and Pakistan. [Kochi, Japan?: Kochi Medical School?], 2004.

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Safʹi͡anova, V. M. Parazitarnye sistemy leĭshmaniĭ. Ashgabat: Ylym, 1994.

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1924-, Peters Wallace y Killick-Kendrick R, eds. Leishmaniases in biology and medicine. New York: Academic Press, 1987.

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Canto, Judith Ortega. Leishmaniasis en milperos de Campeche: (una aproximación médico-antropológica). Mérida, Yucátan, México: Universidad Autónoma de Yucátan, 1996.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Leishmaniasis"

Bradley, David J. "Aetiology and Epidemiology: Overview". En Leishmaniasis, 3–7. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_1.

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Kontos, V. I., G. S. Koptopoulos, S. Th Haralabidis y A. G. Spais. "Studies on the Role of the Ground Squirrel (Citellus Citellus): In the Epidemiology of Leishmaniasis". En Leishmaniasis, 83–87. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_10.

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Killick-Kendrick, R. "New Strategies for Control Forum: Vector Control". En Leishmaniasis, 821–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_100.

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Ready, P. D., D. F. Smith, R. Killick-Kendrick y R. Ben-Ismail. "Squash Blotting Phlebotomus Papatasi to Estimate Rates of Infection by Leishmania Major". En Leishmaniasis, 823–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_101.

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Ashford, R. W. "New Strategies for Control Forum: Reservoir Control". En Leishmaniasis, 827–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_102.

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Liew, F. Y. "New Strategy for Control Forum: Vaccination". En Leishmaniasis, 835–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_103.

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Alexander, James. "Vaccination and the Immunological Control of Leishmaniasis". En Leishmaniasis, 839–43. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_104.

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Croft, Simon L. y Ralph A. Neal. "New Strategies for Control Forum : Chemotherapy". En Leishmaniasis, 847–49. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_105.

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Coombs, Graham H. "Strategies for the Design of New Antileishmanial Drugs". En Leishmaniasis, 851–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_106.

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Opperdoes, Fred R. "The Glycosome of Leishmania as a Possible Target for Chemotherapeutic Attack". En Leishmaniasis, 859–63. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1575-9_107.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Leishmaniasis"

Al-Salihi, Samara, Hadi Alyasari y Mohammed Mohsen. "Immuno-Hematological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and the Role of Interleukin 8 in the Pathogenesis According to Sex in Babylon Governorate-Individuals". En 5th International Conference on Biomedical and Health Sciences. Cihan University-Erbil, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2024/paper.1129.

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Using an immunological and hematological approaches, the leishmanial parasite strains were characterized, In comparison to control healthy groups (10.9 pg/ml), the mean concentration of the interleukin 8 (19.06 pg/ml) was considerably higher at the sera of patients suffering from cutaneous leishmaniasis. Patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis had higher levels of leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes, and lower levels of hemoglobin and platelets. According to hematological investigations of Leishmania tropica and L. major are the two only known etiological agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Babylon Governorate. In relation to ELISA-based detection of the disease. The sera from 41 patients and 31healthy donors were collected for assessment of IL-8 cncentration.The assessment of IL-8 serum levels was carried out by using two Elisa kits, IL-8 and CL (Ylbiont, china).The findings showed that individuals with cutaneous leishmaniasis had a significantly higher level of IL-8 (19.06 , pg/ml) than that of healthy control groups (10.9 pg/ml). In comparison to males (31.5 pg/ml) with cutaneous leishmaniasis, females had a lower level of IL-8 (26.58 pg/ml). Increased levels of IL-8 were found in the sera of cutaneous leishmaniasis-individuals, and according to this investigation. Ages and sexes of infected individuals with cutaneous leishmaniasis have correlated with levels of the interleukin 8. Aim of the study: The main purpose of the present study is to look at of the fundamental role of IL-8 in the pathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniasis-infected individuals according to their sexes in the Babylon Governorate.

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Muhammed Hassan, Ghuffran y Amjed Qays Ibrahim Alqaisi. "Effect of Cocos nucifera oil on Iraqi strains of Leishmania in-vitro". En X INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PURE AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress10-3.

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Leishmaniasis is a disease spread by sand-fly vectors of Phlebotomus spp. It is classified as one of the 17 Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is considered a major invasive parasite among immunocompromised individuals. Leishmaniasis presents in various forms, including cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). The rate of manifestation is contingent upon the species implicated and the immunological response elicited by the infection .To investigate the impact of different concentrations of Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCT) oil on the proliferation of promastigotes of Leishmania tropica and Leishmania donovani, two types of promastigotes were subjected to in vitro analysis using chamber counting. During the designated period of incubation, the specimens were subjected to incubation for durations of 24, 48, and 72 hours. The results of this study demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the survival of promastigotes when compared to the control group. The findings of this study revealed a notable inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Leishmania tropica and Leishmania donovani promastigotes in vitro upon exposure to MCT oil. It is recommended to conduct further investigations on the impact of MCT oil on amastigotes and to carry out in vivo studies in future research endeavors

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Batista, Erika Rodrigues de Senna, Júlia Rodrigues de Senna Mendonça, André Rodrigues de Senna Batista Filho, Maria Eduarda Vieira de Senna Batista, Ana Letícia Cunha Faria, Fernanda Quadros Mendonça, Divino Urias Mendonça y Welberth Fernandes de Souza. "SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS OVERLAPPING VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS". En XXXIX Congresso Brasileiro de Reumatologia. Sociedade Brasileiro de Reumatologia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47660/cbr.2022.1996.

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González, Carmen, Álvaro Tomás, María Macías, María de Gracia Buzón y Carmen Abreu. "LEISHMANIASIS VISCERAL CON SÍNDROME HEMOFAGOCÍTICO SECUNDARIO." En 37 Congreso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de Pediatría y Atención Primaria - SEPEAP 2023. Grupo Pacífico, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/sepeap2023.p082.

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Parra, Gema del Carmen, Lorena María Domínguez, Izarbe Gran, Marina Pérez, Elena Sellés y Lara De la Fuente. "LEISHMANIASIS VISCERAL COMPLICADO CON SÍNDROME HEMOFAGOCÍTICO". En 38 Congreso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de Pediatría y Atención Primaria - SEPEAP 2024. Grupo Pacífico, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/sepeap2024.p254.

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DOURADO EVANGELISTA, PRISCILA, THALITA DO NASCIMENTO SILVA, LUCAS PINHO ALVES, INGRID ALMEIDA MOURA MARTINS y ANA VICTÓRIA ALBUQUERQUE ARAÚJO. "MONOARTHRITIS BY AMERICAN TEGUMENTARY LEISHMANIASIS: CASE REPORT". En SBR 2021 Congresso Brasileiro de Reumatologia. Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47660/cbr.2021.1750.

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Slobodyanik, R. V., S. S. Zykova y O. V. Shcherbakov. "CASES OF LEISHMANIASIS AMONG STRAY DOGS IN SETTLEMENTS OF THE SYUNIK AND ARARAT REGIONS OF ARMENIA". En THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.436-440.

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Our research is devoted to the study of the prevalence of leishmaniasis (on the example of identified cases) in stray dogs in the Syunik and Ararat Regions of Armenia. In May 2022, in the settlements of the Syunik and Ararat Regions of the Republic, we examined five stray dogs, outbred females aged from 6 months to 2 years for leishmaniasis. One dog was examined in the cities of Meghri, Kapan and in the village of Tegh, Syunik Region. Two dogs were examined in the village of Yeraskh, Ararat Region. Our studies have shown that the invasion prevalence (IP) in the population of stray dogs in the Syunik and Ararat Regions of Armenia is 100%. The examined animals looked quite healthy and felt good. Skin lesions in the form of epithelium desquamation on the nose were only recorded in one dog (20%) in Kapan, Syunik Region. Thus, we confirmed that in the Syunik and Ararat Regions of Armenia, a local natural focus of leishmaniasis is actively functioning, in the spread of which stray dogs are actively involved, which indicates the circulation of parasites in the study area and the possibility of infection of other animals and humans through carriers. Prevention and control measures of leishmaniasis should include measures to control the number of stray dogs, control the incidence in domestic dogs using serological tests, and measures to destroy mosquito breeding sites.

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Alvarez, Guzmán, Cintya Perdomo, Elena Aguilera, Ileana Corvo, Paula Faral-Tello, Elva Serna, Carlos Robello y Gloria Yaluff. "Advanced preclinical studies in canine leishmaniasis drug development". En 6th International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecmc2020-07949.

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"Lcr1 Immunogen Sequencing and Anti-Leishmaniasis Vaccine Producing". En AEBMS-2017, ICCET-2017, BBMPS-17, UPACEE-17, LHESS-17, TBFIS-2017, IC4E-2017, AMLIS-2017 & BEFM-2017. Higher Education and Innovation Group (HEAIG), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/heaig.c1217229.

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Baptista, Ernie, Franco Vigil y Willy Ugarte. "A Regression Based Approach for Leishmaniasis Outbreak Detection". En 10th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Ageing Well and e-Health. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0012683900003699.

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Informes sobre el tema "Leishmaniasis"

Peláez Cardona, David y Valentina Restrepo Montoya. Leishmaniasis cutánea y mucocutánea. Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Antioquia, marzo de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59473/medudea.pc.2023.67.

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Femenina de 22 años, previamente sana, residente de la ciudad de Pereira quien migra al área rural del municipio de Mistrató, Risaralda, por cuestiones laborales. Consulta al servicio de salud por cuadro clínico de 1 mes de evolución consistente en aparición de pápula eritematosa en dorso de muñeca derecha con posterior ulceración de esta.

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Kuhn, Raymond E. Antigen-Antibody Analysis in Leishmaniasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, abril de 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada266253.

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Agudelo, Johana, Yolima Reyes, Leslie Bruzón, Viviana Flórez, Zulibeth Flórez, José Bonivento, José Luis Daza et al. Primer caso identificado de leishmaniasis visceral en el municipio de Hatonuevo, La Guajira, 2018. Instituto Nacional de Salud, abril de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33610/01229907.2020v2n1a4.

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Introducción: las leishmaniasis son zoonosis que afectan la piel, las mucosas y las vísceras, causadas por un protozoario flagelado del género Leishmania, introducido al cuerpo por la picadura de un insecto flebotomíneo del género Lutzomyia. El 96 % de los casos en esta región, se encuentran en Brasil, Argentina y Colombia (valle del Magdalena y en la zona caribe) (1). Las especies incriminadas como vectores de leishmaniasis visceral son: L. longipalpis, y L. Evansi, y el principal reservorio domestico es el perro. Los objetivos fueron caracterizar el caso e identificar los factores de riesgo involucrados en la transmisión y describir las intervenciones realizadas por la entidad territorial del nivel municipal y departamental. Materiales y métodos: se realizó estudio de brote con investigación epidemiológica de campo (IEC) en el municipio de Hatonuevo-Guajira, barrio Los Mayalitos II, comunidad Guaimarito, y Guamachito. Se aplicaron herramientas de vigilancia activa, encuestas de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas, estudio de foco, intervenciones, muestreo canino y de menores sintomáticos. Los datos fueron registrados y procesados en Microsoft Excel 2016®. Se realizó análisis descriptivo con las características del caso, abordaje e intervenciones. Los resultados se presentaron en tablas de frecuencias. Resultados: se establece como un brote de leishmaniasis visceral, caso confirmado por laboratorio, autóctono por las condiciones para la presencia del vector y reservorio positivo: niño de 14 meses, indígena, cuadro clínico de fiebre, trombocitopenia y anemia, confirmado por inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI) para leishmaniasis visceral, en el estudio de foco se identificó el vector y reservorio doméstico (canino) positivo en casco urbano. En la búsqueda activa comunitaria no se identificaron niños menores de cinco años con sintomatología compatible con leishmaniasis visceral. Conclusión: se establece un brote de leishmaniasis visceral con un caso confirmado por laboratorio, autóctono por las condiciones para la presencia del vector y reservorio positivo en el municipio de Hatonuevo, La Guajira en el 2018.

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Agudelo Chivatá, Nieves Johana y Patricia Fuya. Leishmaniasis cutánea en menores de 10 años, Colombia, 2014 - 2018. Instituto Nacional de Salud, abril de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33610/01229907.2020v2n1a2.

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Introducción: la leishmaniasis es una zoonosis que afecta la piel, las mucosas y las vísceras, cuyo vector es un insecto (Lutzomyia). Existen diferentes factores de riesgo que favorecen la presencia de los vectores y la enfermedad, tales como: deficientes condiciones socioeconómicas, malnutrición, falta de saneamiento básico, presencia en el entorno de reservorios domésticos y silvestres. En los ciclos doméstico-rural y domésticourbano los vectores llegan al peridomicilio, ingresan a las viviendas y transmiten la infección al núcleo familiar, entre ellos a los niños. Objetivo: identificar las características sociales, demográficas y epidemiológicas de los casos de leishmaniasis cutánea en menores de 10 años en Colombia durante el periodo 2014 a 2018. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de casos notificados al Sivigila, del evento leishmaniasis cutánea (2014 - 2018) en menores de 10 años. Las variables analizadas fueron grupo de edad, aseguramiento, pertenencia étnica, departamento y región de procedencia, hospitalización y oportunidad en la consulta de los servicios de salud. Se calcularon medidas de frecuencia, y tendencia central. Resultados: se notificaron 4 764 casos de leishmaniasis cutánea en menores de 10 años, más del 50 % de los casos corresponde al sexo hombre del área rural. La tasa de incidencia por grupo de edad más alta corresponde a las edades entre 5 y 9 años. La región Andina y el departamento de Risaralda en el 2018 registraron las incidencias más altas. Conclusión: la leishmaniasis cutánea en menores de 10 años al igual que en la población adulta continúa siendo un problema de salud pública y puede estar relacionada con la transmisión en las viviendas o alrededor de estas.

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Nolan, Linda L. Biochemistry and Chemotherapy of Malaria and Leishmaniasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, diciembre de 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada284195.

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Nolan, Linda L. Chemotherapy and Drug Targeting in the Treatment of Leishmaniasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, enero de 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada283541.

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Baldeviano, Geral C. Development of Novel Therapeutics for Neglected Tropical Disease Leishmaniasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, octubre de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1008742.

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Satoskar, Abhay. Development of Novel Therapeutics for Neglected Tropical Disease Leishmaniasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, octubre de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada637013.

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Nolan, Linda L. Chemotherapy and Drug Targeting in the Treatment of Leishmaniasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, mayo de 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada237253.

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Nolan, Linda L. Chemotherapy and Drug Targeting in the Treatment of Leishmaniasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, mayo de 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada238236.

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