Literatura académica sobre el tema "New Institution Economy"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "New Institution Economy"
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Termosa, Iryna. "Formation of component determinants of the institutional environment of the economy of Ukraine". Ekonomika APK 310, n.º 8 (28 de agosto de 2020): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202008081.
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The purpose of the article is to study aspects of the formation of component determinants of the institutional environment of the economy of Ukraine, to determine effective and ineffective but operating institutions, to define the interpretation of the concept of the "institutional economic environment," to form, on the basis of dependence on the previous development path, an algorithm for introducing a new institution, as well as to determine the optimal regime for its development. Research methods. Dialectical methods of knowledge of processes and phenomena, a monographic method (analysis of the evolution of scientific achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scientists regarding the effectiveness of the functioning of institutions and institutions), comparative analysis (the main differences between effective and ineffective institutions are determined), empirical (comprehensive assessment and analysis of the object of study), abstract-logical (theoretical generalization and formation of conclusions) were used. Research results. Aspects of formation of components of determinants of institutional economic environment of national economy of Ukraine were studied. The main interpretations of the concept of "institutions" were highlighted, their impact on the formation of the institutional economic environment was studied. The essence of effective and inefficient institutions is disclosed and their generalized author's list is provided. The mechanism of formation of the institutional economic environment taking into account the previous development path was investigated, as well as the author's vision of the optimal regime of its development was determined. An algorithm for introducing a new institution into the institutional economic environment has been developed on the basis of dependence on previous development. Scientific novelty. Theoretical and practical provisions on the process of forming the components of the determinants of an effective institutional economic environment of the national economy of Ukraine have been further developed; the author's concept of an "institutional economic environment" is formed by which it is proposed to mean a set of existing institutions and institutions (norms), the general set of which may include both effective and ineffective, but still functioning, which ensure the functioning, interaction and development of agents in the economic environment of both the individual territory and the state as a whole; A summary of effective and inefficient but still functioning institutions in the modern institutional economic environment; proposed the author's vision of the regime of development of the institutional economic environment, which is based on the middle development regime, in which there is incomplete replacement of existing institutions, as well as the introduction of new ones aimed at the general improvement of the functioning of the institutional economic environment; proposed is an improved algorithm for introducing a new institution (norm) to form the institutional economic environment of Ukraine. Practical significance. The main provisions set out in the article contain certain methodological and practical recommendations on the formation of an effective institutional economic environment in Ukraine. Institutions and institutions can be both effective and ineffective. The introduction of a new institution requires considerable effort to establish itself in a certain institution and to have a positive impact on the functioning institutional economic environment. Using dependence on previous development, it is possible to investigate how effective one or another institution functioning is. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 3. Refs.: 25.
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Funk, Charles y Len J. Treviño. "Institution building in retreat". Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 24, n.º 3 (7 de agosto de 2017): 436–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-01-2016-0001.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe co-devolutionary processes of multinational enterprise (MNE)/emerging economy institutional relationships utilizing concepts from “old” institutional theory as well as the institutional aspects of socially constructed realities. Design/methodology/approach The authors develop a set of propositions that explore the new concept of a co-devolutionary relationship between MNEs and emerging economy institutions. Guided by prior research, the paper investigates MNE/emerging economy institutional co-devolution at the macro-(MNE home and host countries), meso-(MNE industry/host country regulative and normative institutions) and micro-(MNE and host country institutional actors) levels. Findings MNE/emerging economy institutional co-devolution occurs at the macro-level via negative public communications in the MNE’s home and host countries, at the meso-level via host country corruption and MNE adaptation, and at the micro-level via pressures for individual actors to cognitively “take for granted” emerging economy corruption, leading to MNE divestment and a reduction in new MNE investment. Research limitations/implications By characterizing co-devolutionary processes within MNE/emerging economy institutional relationships, the research augments co-evolutionary theory. It also assists in developing more accurate specification and measurement methods for the organizational co-evolution construct by using institutional theory’s foundational processes to discuss MNE/emerging economy institutional co-devolution. Practical implications The research suggests the use of enhanced regulation, bilateral investment treaties and MNE/local institution partnerships to stabilize MNE/emerging economy institutional relationships, leading to more robust progress in building emerging economy institutions. Originality/value The research posits that using the concepts of institutional theory as a foundation provides useful insights into the “stickiness” of institutional instability and corruption in emerging economies and into the resulting co-devolutionary MNE/emerging economy institutional relationships.
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Qamruzzaman, Md. "Innovation and economic growth: evidence from financial institutional innovation". Journal on Innovation and Sustainability. RISUS ISSN 2179-3565 8, n.º 2 (11 de junio de 2017): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.24212/2179-3565.2017v8i2p126-141.
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Innovation is the key to bringing changes in the traditional financial system. Innovation in the financial system being new financial products, hybrid financial institutions and new rules and regulations to reform existing financial system. Evolvement of financial institutions in the economy help economy in performing a financial function more effective and efficiently and such performance of financial institution promotes economic growth. The aim of the study to assess the relationship between institutional innovation and economic growth of Bangladesh over the period from 1991 to 2015. During this study, we employ the various econometric model to established association ship between institutional innovation and economic growth. Study results revealed that all the variables are stationary at level and after first difference all the variables become non-stationary. Test of Cointegration results revealed that innovation in the financial system through non-bank financial institutions and the financial market can contribute long run and CPI and spread rate can contribute in short run in the economic growth of Bangladesh. While Granger Causality Test revealed that Capital flow and GDP shows unidirectional causality but financial market development and GDP shows the Bidirectional causal relationship in the economy. It is also observed from causality analysis that capital flow and financial market development shows bidirectional causality, which indicated that innovation either in a financial institution or financial market can cause both variables and eventually influence on economic growth. So policymaker should consider the interrelationship between institutional innovation and economic growth while the formulation of economic policy because policy should expedite the development process in the financial system by making robust financial sector through encouraging financial innovation with banks, non-banks financial institution and capital market as well. Robust financial development can cause positively in overall economic growth in Bangladesh.
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Lehdonvirta, Vili, Otto Kässi, Isis Hjorth, Helena Barnard y Mark Graham. "The Global Platform Economy: A New Offshoring Institution Enabling Emerging-Economy Microproviders". Journal of Management 45, n.º 2 (23 de agosto de 2018): 567–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206318786781.
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Global online platforms match firms with service providers around the world, in services ranging from software development to copywriting and graphic design. Unlike in traditional offshore outsourcing, service providers are predominantly one-person microproviders located in emerging-economy countries not necessarily associated with offshoring and often disadvantaged by negative country images. How do these microproviders survive and thrive? We theorize global platforms through transaction cost economics (TCE), arguing that they are a new technology-enabled offshoring institution that emerges in response to cross-border information asymmetries that hitherto prevented microproviders from participating in offshoring markets. To explain how platforms achieve this, we adapt signaling theory to a TCE-based model and test our hypotheses by analyzing 6 months of transaction records from a leading platform. To help interpret the results and generalize them beyond a single platform, we introduce supplementary data from 107 face-to-face interviews with microproviders in Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Individuals choose microprovidership when it provides a better return on their skills and labor than employment at a local (offshoring) firm. The platform acts as a signaling environment that allows microproviders to inform foreign clients of their quality, with platform-generated signals being the most informative signaling type. Platform signaling disproportionately benefits emerging-economy providers, allowing them to partly overcome the effects of negative country images and thus diminishing the importance of home country institutions. Global platforms in other factor and product markets likely promote cross-border microbusiness through similar mechanisms.
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Frolov, D. P. "Transplantation of economic institutions: An extended (post-institutional) theory". Voprosy Ekonomiki, n.º 9 (7 de septiembre de 2021): 69–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2021-9-69-108.
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Most of research on institutional transplantation is based on a set of general methodological principles and theoretical positions, which in total might be termed the “classical theory”. Despite its persuasiveness and wide currency (including outside the economic discourse), the classical theory of institutional transplantation has many built-in methodological limitations. It has a pronouncedly one-sided character, is based on reductionist approaches, and has problems with a systemic explanation of transplant processes in the modern economy. The article presents an interdisciplinary research program for the extended theory of institutional transplantation. The extended theory proposes to pay special attention to bottomup transplants, as well as the role of institution-based communities — heterogeneous networks of internal and external actors of transplanted institutions. Adaptation of a transplanted institution to the new environment is viewed more as an active transformation of the environment by actors (institutional niche construction). The deviations from foreign prototypes arising in transplanted institutions are interpreted as adaptive refunctionalizations rather than transplant failures. Special emphasis is placed on the interactive communication field in which transplanted institutions develop. As a result of transplantation, it is proposed to consider not the dichotomy of successful adaptation and rejection of a new institution, but the emergence of institutional assemblage — a complex system of borrowed and local institutions based on irreducible institutional logics.
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Popov, E. y A. Sergeev. "The Modern Russian Institutionalism: Further Discussion". Voprosy Ekonomiki, n.º 2 (20 de febrero de 2010): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2010-2-103-116.
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In the article the positive estimation of the paper on institutional methodology which was published in the 3rd issue of the journal in 2009 is given. In the discussion with A. Moskovsky the authors show that the term "institution" may have various definitions and argue in favour of the one proposed by D. North ("institutions as rules of the game"). The new institutional economic theory has a bigger potential for economic modeling than traditional institutionalism. The usefulness of "mathematical" institutionalism has been determined by the Russian researchers' elaborations of the institutional traps theory, institutional systems creation theory, knowledge economy theory and system-integrated theory of the firm.
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RADIONOV, Yurii. "INSTITUTIONAL THEORY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMICS". Economy of Ukraine 2021, n.º 4 (24 de abril de 2021): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2021.04.030.
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Theoretical bases of establishment and development of institutional theory as a new direction of economic science are analyzed. The preconditions for the emergence of institutionalism are studied, the fundamental differences between the new economic trend and classical economic theory are considered. The weakness of economic theories on the role and importance of the state in economic development is noted, the need to synthesize the strengths of institutionalism with neoclassicism to link the social attitudes and interests of individuals is emphasized. The stages of development of institutional theory, different approaches of institutional scientists, the emergence of a new, modern direction – neo-institutionalism – are studied. Differences in the interpretation of the term “institution” between traditional institutionalists and neo-institutionalists are outlined, which indicates a different methodology of its perception. It is emphasized that the doctrine of the depth of nature of institutions and its interpretation divided institutionalism into old and new. If the old questioned the individualistic worldview inherent in the neoclassical paradigm, then the new institutionalists do not deny the individualistic approach. Economic institutions that operate within the social environment are the frameworks or constraints that govern the behavior of society in economic conditions. Emphasis is placed on the prospects for further development of institutional theory, which allows the emergence and development of other theories, social sciences, reveals hitherto unexplored or little-studied phenomena and processes. In modern conditions, the economic difficulties faced by the world economy convincingly confirm the relevance of institutional theory, and the construction of an efficient economy is not limited to an approach based solely on the methodology of the classical school of economic theory. The contradictions posed by modern globalization are becoming a large-scale source of social, political, economic and even military challenges for less developed countries in relation to the more prosperous ones, and international institutionalization is the mechanism designed to alleviate instability.
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Tsvetkov, Valeriy, Anatoliy Shutkov, Mikhail Dudin y Nikolay Lyasnikov. "Cryptocurrency (Electronic Cash) As New Financial Institution". Moscow University Economics Bulletin, n.º 6-2018 (30 de diciembre de 2018): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201865.
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In this article, the authors review and analyze the features of functioning and development of a new financial market segment - the cryptocurrency market or electronic cash (specific digital assets). At present, the cryptocurrency segment (and digital financial assets at large) cannot be recognized as a formal institution, since there is no legal framework in this area, and informal interaction regarding the creation and circulation of cryptocurrencies is not an established social and financial-economic phenomenon. The analytic comparison using discount methods allows to a certain extent to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of e-cash issuance from the viewpoint of physical persons. The authors identify the main directions in institutionalizing the cryptocurrency segment of the financial sector of the national economy and substantiate the need for legal recognition of cryptocurrencies in the status of digital goods, which in turn involves the need to improve the Russian Federation legal framework.
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Nazarko, Svitlana. "СУЧАСНА ПАРАДИГМА УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАКЛАДОМ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я В УМОВАХ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ МЕДИЧНОЇ РЕФОРМИ". PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT, n.º 4(20) (2019): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5215-2019-4(20)-170-175.
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The article discusses the process of moving from an administrative to an economic model of managing a healthcare facility. The possibility and specifics of the application of socio-economic and systematic approaches to the economic management of the health care institution with regard to the ownership and sphere of activity are determined. Requirements for candidates for management positions in medical institutions are considered, and new knowledge and requirements that heads of medical institutions in Ukraine must possess are highlighted. It has been found that the main criterion for marketing a health care institution in the market economy is quality competition.
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Kraus, Nataliia, Kateryna Kraus y Valerii Osetskyi. "NEW QUALITY OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND BUSINESS MANAGEMENT". Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, n.º 1 (16 de marzo de 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-1-59-66.
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Economic processes in the world are characterized by a high level of dynamism, change and innovative approaches to addressing key issues in nowadays. In a context of globalization and European integration of Ukraine into a high-tech competitive environment in order to financing innovative projects, it is necessary to use Blockchain technology as an effective tool for digital economy. Purpose of scientific research is to find out key priorities and functionalities of Blockchain’s application for solving business and government tasks. The object of scientific research is the latest financial technology Blockchain and a system of cult-technologies: crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, crowdinvesting. Methodology. In the process of research, the following methods are used: generalization is used in studying the nature, preconditions and principles of Blockchain technologies; formalization is used when comparing characteristics of the latest forms of financing, such as crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, crowdinvesting. In the course of scientific research, key qualitative characteristics of digital economy are described and the dominant components of its development are investigated. The result of the article. The priorities, new principles of business management and possibilities of Blockchain technology as an effective digital economy tool for solving business and government tasks are revealed. Future prospects from the implementation of crowd-technologies as an effective management tool in progress for solving the problems of innovative business are substantiated. Interconnection in the latest financial institution of creative initiatives realization is presented. The comparative analysis of management of new institutes of innovative development for Ukrainian economy in the course of doing business is carried out. The result of the research is presentation of the relationship in the latest financial institution implementing creative initiatives and a comparative analysis of new institutes of innovative development in the sphere of finance for the Ukrainian economy. Practical implications. The components of digital economy identified by the authors in the article are accelerators of the socio-economic life of Ukrainian society in the modern world and are capable of rapidly increasing Ukraine’s GDP. The described new forms of financing of Ukrainian startups (crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, crowdinvesting) are today quite interesting and effective tool for solving business problems in the financial, economic, innovative and marketing spheres. Value/originality. Blockchain technology, as an effective tool for Ukraine’s digital economy, is able to address the challenges of business and government, uncover the relationship between crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, crowdinvesting, and explain the content of innovative financial institutions for Ukraine’s economy.
Tesis sobre el tema "New Institution Economy"
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Farias, Celso José. "A percepção do produtor do Oeste do Paraná sobre a integração avícola à partir do enfoque da nova economia institucional". Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1988.
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The poultry activity is on the rise and is featured in economic scene. The satisfactory performance of sector made of Brazil the second world producer and the largest world chicken meat exporter. These national production is concentrated in the south of the country and the Paraná is leader of the states, mainly the west region, where the agroindustries are inserted, featured to among the 15 largest national chicken meat exporters. In this scenario the studied region agroindustrial system is in your majority coordinated for agroindustries trhought poultry producers and integrating institutions. Thus the study aims to know the producers perception of the activity, to draw a socioeconomic profile of these producers and to discuss the relations between them and the agroindustries. For this purpose, the study is supported by the New Institutional Economics theory, which seeks to identify and help in the understanding of these relations. In order to respond to the objectives of the study, questionnaires were applied to the poultry producers of the studied region, after analyzing these data. The main results indicate that the profile of the producers is composed mostly by small producers, with small properties and with family labor present in the activity, There is still a high degree of dependence on agroindustry, it was observe that the form of governance used allows for competitive advantages and a reduction in transactions costs.
A atividade avícola tem alta produtividade e é destaque no cenário econômico. O desempenho satisfatório do setor fez do Brasil o segundo produtor mundial, maior exportador mundial de carne de frango. Essa produção nacional é concentrada na região Sul do país, o estado líder da região é o Paraná, principalmente na região Oeste do Estado, onde estão inseridas as agroindústrias destaques entre as 15 maiores exportadoras nacionais de carne de frango. Nesse cenário o sistema agroindustrial da região estudada é em sua grande maioria coordenado por agroindústrias através do sistema de integração/parceria, entre produtores avícolas e instituições integradoras. Assim o estudo objetiva conhecer a percepção dos produtores em relação a atividade, traçar um perfil socioeconômico destes produtores e discutir as relações entre eles e as agroindústrias. Para este propósito, o estudo é amparado pela teoria da Nova Economia Institucional, que busca identificar e auxiliar no entendimento dessas relações. Para responder aos objetivos do estudo foram aplicados questionários aos produtores avícolas da região estudada, logo após analisados estes dados. Os principais resultados apontam que o perfil dos produtores é composto em sua maioria por pequenos produtores, com propriedades pequenas e com mão de obra familiar presente na atividade, há ainda um alto grau de dependência da agroindústria, notou-se que a forma de governança utilizada possibilita vantagens competitivas e diminuição dos custos de transação.
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Souza, Marco Aurélio Alves de. "Influência do ambiente institucional na atividade pesqueira do Rio Grande do Sul". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30860.
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Apesar da existência das políticas desenvolvimentistas do Governo Federal, a diminuição da produção e a descapitalização do pescador artesanal é uma realidade que pode ter relação com a própria intervenção governamental através de políticas públicas e do comportamento dos pescadores artesanais, os quais são elementos (regras) institucionais que condicionam o funcionamento da atividade pesqueira e influenciam a preservação dos recursos pesqueiros. Nessa contextualização, este estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar a evolução da pesca artesanal como atividade econômica no Rio Grande do Sul, identificando a importância das instituições no surgimento, na dinâmica evolutiva e na realidade da atividade pesqueira artesanal. Para tanto, é feito uso do marco teórico da Nova Economia Institucional, da pesquisa descritiva e da análise econométrica. Pelos resultados, constata-se que, até a década de 1960, predominava a atividade pesqueira artesanal com preponderância das regras estabelecidas pelos pescadores na regulamentação dos direitos de uso dos recursos pesqueiros, mas, a partir desse período, inicia a intervenção direta do governo no setor pesqueiro por meio de políticas desenvolvimentistas, as quais possibilitaram o surgimento de indústrias de transformação e geraram um efeito positivo sobre o valor e a quantidade do pescado capturado. No entanto, nos anos 1980, ocorreu a diminuição da produção do pescado em decorrência do aumento, nas décadas anteriores, da capacidade de processamento, gerando uma demanda acima do estoque disponibilizado pela natureza, o que ocasionou a sobrepesca de algumas espécies de pescado, a qual foi causada, também, devido à ruptura entre os pescadores quanto às regras de uso dos recursos pesqueiros, à falta de organização, ao crescimento do número de pescadores, os quais começam a exercer a atividade com objetivo de manter/aumentar o ganho pelo uso de técnicas mais produtivas, porém, prejudiciais ao meio ambiente, contribuindo para aumentar a incerteza sobre a disponibilidade futura dos recursos pesqueiros e sobre a capacidade do setor em gerar renda a todos pescadores. Visando mudar a situação de diminuição da produção pesqueira e a consequente descapitalização do setor pesqueiro, no decorrer dos anos 1990 surge, por parte do governo, iniciativas para tornar a elaboração das políticas públicas ao setor pesqueiro mais participativa nas decisões, não apenas aos pescadores artesanais, mas também aos demais segmentos relacionados com a atividade pesqueira, a fim de tornar sustentável o uso do recurso. A análise econométrica, assim como a análise descritivo-histórica, demonstra que as variáveis institucionais influenciam diretamente no aumento do esforço pesqueiro, contribuindo além da crescente diminuição da produção para a descapitalização do pescador, pois o crédito do Sistema Nacional de Crédito Rural (SNCR) ao apresentar um efeito positivo na produção, contribui para aumentar o esforço pesqueiro. A influência do ambiente institucional, verificada pela dummy institucional, com seu efeito negativo sobre a produção pesqueira a partir da década de 1980, caracteriza a ruptura pelos pescadores das regras de uso dos recursos pesqueiros e ao crédito do SNCR ficar atrelado apenas ao custeio. Já a influência negativa da variável dummy “gestão” na demanda do pescado capturado, demonstra a influência da gestão participativa dos diversos segmentos relacionados com a atividade pesqueira para diminuir o esforço pesqueiro por meio do aumento do consumo de pescado cultivado em detrimento do pescado capturado.Despite the existence of development policies launched by the Federal Government, the reduction in production and the decapitalization of artisan fisherman are the reality that may be related to this governmental intervention, taking place through public policies and the behavior of artisan fishermen, which are institutional elements (rules) that condition the functioning of fishing activity and influence the preservation of fishing resources. In this context, this work intends to characterize the evolution of artisan fishing as an economic activity in Rio Grande do Sul, identifying the importance of the institutions in the emerging, in the evolutional dynamics and in the reality of artisan fishing activity. Therefore, I used the theoretical mark of the New Institutional Economy, descriptive research and econometric analysis. The results pointed out that, until the 1960’s, artisan fishing activity was the predominant activity, prevailing the rules established by fishermen in the regulation of rights of use of fishing resources. However, from that point on, the Government started its direct intervention in the fishing sector through development policies, which enabled the emerging of transformation industries and created a positive effect on the value and the amount of captured fish. In the 1980’s, a reduction of the fishing production takes place, as result of the increase, in previous decades, of the processing capacity, generating a demand greater than the stock nature had provided. This situation led to the overfishing of some fish species, also caused by the disagreement among fishermen as to the rules of use of fishing resources, the lack of organization and the growing number of fishermen, that started in the activity as a way to maintain/increase profits by using techniques that were economically more productive, yet harmful to the environment, contributing to raise doubts about the future availability of fishing resources and about the sector’s capacity of generating revenue to all fishermen. Intending to change this situation, of reduction in the fishing production and the consequent decapitalization of the fishing sector, during the 1990’s, the Government launched initiatives to give public policies elaboration in the fishing sector a louder voice in decision-making: not only to artisan fishermen, but also to the rest of the segments related to fishing activity, in order to turn the use of resources into something sustainable. Econometric analysis, as well as the descriptive-historical analysis, demonstrates that institutional variables directly influence the intensification of the fishing effort, contributing beyond the progressive reduction of production to the decapitalization of the fisherman, since the credit of the National System of Rural Credit (SNCR), by presenting a positive effect on the production, contributes to the intensification of the fishing effort. The influence of the institutional environment observed by the institutional dummy, with its negative effect on the fishing production, from the 1980’s, represents the rupture of fishermen with the rules of use of fishing resources and the SNCR’s credit being attached only to defrayment. On the other hand, the negative influence of the “management” dummy variable, in the demand of captured fish, shows the influence of participative management in multiple segments related to fishing activity, in order to reduce the fishing effort through the increase of consumption of cultivated fish, to the detriment of captured fish.
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Zlygosteva, Kseniia. "Institutional theory and local economic development policies: A case study of Stockholm municipality’s new Business Policy". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182725.
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The explorative case study aims to understand how the reform of business support and development undergoing in Stockholm municipality addresses existing institutions, and to what extent does the institutional context have the potential to adopt and sustain the change. Two case studies, Högdalen industrial area and Årsta wholesale center, illustrate how local economic development is organized in practice. A new policy document, Näringslivspolicy, is analyzed, along with interviews with key public and private agents. Two institutional theoretical frameworks are used: a dynamic perspective on the interaction between regulations and institutions and the concept of institutional thickness. Findings indicate that the examined reform is an example of institutional policymaking as it addresses institutional foundations underlying behavioral practices. Furthermore, empirical evidence shows that the City of Stockholm intends to adopt a place- and problem-based approach to local economic development, but its organizational forms are not specified at this stage. Findings illustrate (not exhaustively) factors of efficient external collaboration that reflect those in recent literature and can be used in future policy revisions. The success of the initiated reform might provide the fundament for improvements in future local economic development initiatives.
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Vu, Thanh Thuy. "The dynamics of informality and its implications for a new economic political order". Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100104/document.
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La présente thèse explore la dynamique des institutions informelles dans la gouvernance nationale et mondiale et l'ajustement de l'ordre politico-économique, dans un pays en transition et à l'échelle mondiale dans un contexte de crise financière internationale, en utilisant l'approche institutionnelle comparative. Elle adopte le point de vue de la nouvelle économie institutionnelle (New Institutional Economics - NIE) afin d'étudier comment différentes formes de gouvernance, notamment les mécanismes de gouvernance informels, émergent et fonctionnent dans diverses circonstances. Le chapitre deux fournit la preuve de la prédominance des relations accommodante et concurrente entre les systèmes de fourniture de services publics et d'ordre public, qui sont formellement et informellement décentralisés dans soixante-quatre provinces vietnamiennes. Notre analyse de l’«informalité» dans le chapitre trois soutient l'argument selon lequel les mécanismes formels ne sont pas suffisants pour inciter les acteurs publics à assumer leur pleine responsabilité, mais doivent être accompagnés de ceux informels pour combler les déficits de responsabilité du système formel. L'analyse empirique de quarante-cinq pays développés et en développement dans le chapitre quatre découvre que la non-congruence institutionnelle, en général, a un effet complémentaire sur la taille de l'économie informelle, mais agit comme un substitut dans les pays qui ont un faible niveau de non-congruence, une bonne gouvernance de la corruption, ou une grande pro-activité dans la prise d'initiatives visant à réduire l'écart de perception de la légitimité des activités économiques informellesThis dissertation explores the dynamics of informal institutions in national and global governance and the adjustment of the economic political order in a transition country as well as on the global scale after two recent global financial crises, using the comparative institutional approach. It adopts the perspective of the New Institutional Economics (NIE) to study how alternative forms of governance, particularly, informal mechanisms of governance, emerge and work in various circumstances. Chapter two provides evidence to the prevalence of the accommodating and competing relationships between the formally and informally decentralized systems of providing public services and public order in 64 provinces in Vietnam. Our “informality” analysis in chapter three has supported the argument that formal mechanisms alone are not sufficient to create incentives for public actors to make private efforts to full accountability, but needs accompanying with other informal ones to fill in accountability deficits of the formal system. The empirical analysis of 45 developed and developing countries in chapter four finds that institutional incongruence, in general, has a complementary effect on the size of the informal economy, but acts as a substitute in those countries that have a low level of incongruence, good governance of corruption, or high proactivity in taking initiatives to minimize the perception gap about the legitimacy of informal economic activities
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Tödtling, Franz y Edward J. Malecki. "The New Flexible Economy: Shaping Regional and Local Institutions for Global Competition". WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1994. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6258/1/IIR_Disc_50.pdf.
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Tan, Elaine S. "Beyond cliometrics : essays in the new institutional economic history". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270850.
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Cassaigneau, Guillaume. "Analyses des critiques de Joseph E. Stiglitz aux institutions de Bretton Woods". St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02604411001/$FILE/02604411001.pdf.
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Dildar, Yasemin. "Institutional Approaches To Technology And Economic History". Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610822/index.pdf.
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This thesis is an attempt to reassess the long debated issues of economic history from the perspective of institutional economics. Besides examining different approaches to technology and its impact on economic and social life, it analyzes the role of institutions in history. It discusses the institutional interpretations of the critical developments of economic history such as, the Industrial Revolution and the Great Divergence, with an emphasis on differences between the two scholarly traditions, namely, the Original Institutional Economics and the New Institutional Economics. Although the arguments of New Institutionalists concerning the role of technology in history have been effectively incorporated into the economic history research, the potential contributions of the Original Institutional Economics to the study of economic history have remained for the most part unexplored. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate the relevance and importance of original institutional analysis with respect to technology and economic history.
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Croxson, Bronwyn. "An economic analysis of a voluntary hospital : the foundation and institutional structure of the Middlesex Hospital, 1745-1900". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272547.
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Lim, Jin Li. "New China and its Qiaowu : the political economy of overseas Chinese policy in the People's Republic of China, 1949-1959". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3419/.
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This thesis examines qiaowu [Overseas Chinese affairs] policies during the PRC’s first decade, and it argues that the CCP-controlled party-state’s approach to the governance of the huaqiao [Overseas Chinese] and their affairs was fundamentally a political economy. This was at base, a function of perceived huaqiao economic utility, especially for what their remittances offered to China’s foreign reserves, and hence the party-state’s qiaowu approach was a political practice to secure that economic utility. Through the early-to-mid-1950s, the perceived economic utility of the huaqiao and their remittancesled to policies that systematically privileged the huaqiao (especially in China) and their interests, all in the name of securing, incentivising and increasing remittances back to China. This was even done at the expense of other CCP ideological impetuses, especially in terms of socialist transformation, as the party-state permitted contradictions between these youdai [favourable treatment] policies for the huaqiao, and its own vision for socialist transformation. Yet, by 1959, and after a series of crises brought the contradictions between qiaowu and socialist transformation to the fore, the CCP’s radical shift to the left led by Mao Zedong forced qiaowu to now conform with Mao’s demand to place ‘politics in command’. Thus qiaowu abandoned its prioritisation of economic utility and its past policies, for alignment with Mao’s revolutionary ideals, and in service to the Great Leap Forward. This thesis represents an original contribution to historiography on the PRC, the huaqiao, and qiaowu, both in terms of the new evidence from a wide range of Chinese archives that it utilises, but also because it revises existing narratives—and especially the pro-CCP conventionalisms—that gloss over the huaqiao experience of New China. Furthermore, this thesis also addresses the lacunae in the historiography on the PRC in the 1950s, and its silence on where qiaowu fits into the story of China’s socialist transformation.
Libros sobre el tema "New Institution Economy"
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Furubotn, Eirik Grundtvig. Institutions and economic theory: The contribution of the new institutional economics. 2a ed. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2005.
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1926-, Richter Rudolf, ed. Institutions and economic theory: The contribution of the new institutional economics. 2a ed. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2005.
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1926-, Richter Rudolf, ed. Institutions and economic theory: The contribution of the new institutional economics. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997.
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Vosgerau, Hans-Jürgen, ed. New Institutional Arrangements for the World Economy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83647-3.
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Ankarloo, Daniel. "Institutions", what is in a word?: A critique of the new institutional economics. Lund: Department of Economic History Lund University, 1999.
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Beck, Thorsten. Prepared for the handbook of new institutional economics: Legal institutions and financial development. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2003.
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Mayer, C. P. Financing the new economy: Financial institutions and corporate governance. Helsinki: United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2001.
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Heinrich, Hans-Georg. Institution-building in the new democracies. Budapest: Collegium Budapest/Institute for Advanced Studies, 1999.
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Q, Hirst Paul. Associative democracy: New forms of economic and social governance. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1994.
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Bhatt, R. S. Financial system for economic development: Creation of new institutions. Bombay: N.M. Tripathi, 1991.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "New Institution Economy"
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Labatut, Julie y Germain Tesnière. "The Holstein cow as an institution of the agricultural modernisation project". En Ecology, Capitalism and the New Agricultural Economy, 163–80. First edition. | New York : Routledge, [2019] |Series: Critical food studies series: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351210041-8.
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Sukhovenko, Anna V. "Electronic Notarial System as a New Social Institution in a Digital Economy: Quality, Availability, Security". En Digital Economy: Complexity and Variety vs. Rationality, 1033–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29586-8_118.
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Sotskova, S. I. y V. P. Fomin. "The Specifics of the Management System of a Municipal Institution". En Digital Economy and the New Labor Market: Jobs, Competences and Innovative HR Technologies, 644–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60926-9_81.
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Barma, Naazneen H. y Steven K. Vogel. "The New Institutional Economics". En The Political Economy Reader, 163–65. 2a ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003047162-13.
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Capie, Forrest. "New Zealand". En Directory of Economic Institutions, 243–44. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10218-1_30.
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Kuran, Timur. "Islamic Economic Institutions". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–5. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_2556-1.
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Kuran, Timur. "Islamic Economic Institutions". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 7033–37. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2556.
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Tsuru, Shigeto. "Keynote Address: Economics of Institutions or Institutional Economics". En Economic Institutions in a Dynamic Society: Search for a New Frontier, 1–23. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20097-9_1.
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Kehoe, Dennis P. "Legal Institutions and the Ancient Economy". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–5. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_2604-1.
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Kehoe, Dennis P. "Legal Institutions and the Ancient Economy". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 7758–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2604.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "New Institution Economy"
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Fırat, Emine, Zeynep Karaçor y İnci Mine Özkan. "An Investigation on the Transformation of Information Economy". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01934.
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The economy, which is one of the basic building institutions of society, has been the most affected institution in this situation. Since the Industrial Revolution, new disciplines have emerged in the changing and developing world economic and social order. One of the most popular branches of knowledge economy in recent years has been the effects of Information technology on the economy. Since the Industrial Revolution, new disciplines have emerged in the changing and developing world economic and social order. Changing production and consumption preferences, the development of technology has set the stage for the formation of a knowledge-based economy. The information economy, which examines how information affects economic and economic decisions, has been one of the favorites of the economy in recent years. The change and development process that started with the Industrial Revolution changed the production and consumption preferences gradually and radically. These radical changes brought about certain transformations in every institution of society. The social and economic field has also begun a wholesale rise process. The development of technology has brought divisions in the bottom of the economy in particular, accelerating the transformation process of the world economy by revealing concepts like knowledge economy and innovation economy. In this study, the stages of transformation from the industrial society to the information economy and the structure of the emerging information society have been evaluated. The historical process of the information economy as a result of the work is evidence of how the information economy evolved.
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Plotnikova, Elena. "Operation of the Irkutsk Branch of the Russian-Chinese Bank in 1898–1910". En Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2020. Baikal State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3017-5.12.
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The article describes the work of the Irkutsk branch of the Russian-Chinese Bank from the moment of its formation to the further reorganization (1898–1910). The financial performance indicators of credit institution in the period from 1901 till 1907, as reflected in the inspection in November, 1908, are given. Examines the reasons for loss of the branch related to the General decline of the business sector of the regional economy. The article notes the moment when the Bank branch management changed. The article describes the prospects for the development of the Department in connection with the course taken for lending to coal-producing enterprises of the Irkutsk province. Some quantitative calculations are given that demonstrate the possibility of growth of financial indicators of the institution. The article records the concern of competing credit institutions about the development of the local branch of the Russian-Chinese Bank. In conclusion, the circumstances that hindered the prospects for the development of the Department, in connection with the event held in 1910, are given. Russian-Chinese and Northern banks merge, resulting in the formation of a new credit institution-the Russian-Asian Bank.
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Sakız, Burcu y Ayşen Hiç Gencer. "Blockchain Technology and its Impact on the Global Economy". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02258.
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The world’s most valuable resource is no longer oil, but data. Smartphones and the internet have made data abundant, ubiquitous and far more valuable. Modern algorithms can predict when a customer tends to buy, a car needs servicing or a person is at risk of a disease. Meanwhile, artificial intelligence techniques extract more value from data. As individuals accumulate information which transforms into knowledge, entrepreneurs will want to use and/or share that knowledge. It is the sharing of knowledge that needs a decentralized, autonomous mechanism so that knowledge can be shared fairly amongst all peoples of the world, not just within corporations. Blockchain technology gives us that mechanism. Blockchain is one of a kind decentralized technology and it is distributed as well as decentralized ledger. Blockchain is the answer to a lot of obstacles the world has to go through today. Before today, nobody could think of transferring money from one account to another safely without any financial institution in the middle, like a bank. Blockchain technology presents a radical and disruptive new way of conducting all manner of transactions over the Internet. The advent of Bitcoin and the blockchain has brought a lot of change to the world of finance even the world economy was formerly run using fiat currencies. Introducing the blockchain environment will actually enhance the economics because in blockchain, all transactions are recorded right from the manufacturer to the buyer. This paper explores the emerging landscape for blockchain technology focusing on the economics.
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Yendi, Irem. "Effects of Institutional Factors on Economic Growth in Eurasian Countries". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00255.
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Economic growth is a complicated process which is affected by several factors. Standard neoclassical economic approach didn’t address the effects of institutional factors on economic growth but such effects are started to be considered in economic growth literature together with the new institutional economy. According to the new institutional economic approach institutions decrease the uncertainty are effective on the cost of transaction and conversion and also impact economic performance by directing economic activities towards productive or non- productive fields. Within this framework, effects of institutional factors on economic growth in Eurasian Countries between 1996 and 2008 are searched via panel data analysis method by use of World Bank’s, Heritage Foundation and Freedom House data sets. According to the findings collected, guaranteeing property rights, increasing quality of regulation and civil liberties affect positively economic growth on Eurasian Countries.
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Jordao da Silva, Claudia. "The Impact of the Quality of Public Spending and Institutional Change on the Use of Oil Royalties: Exploring Public Management Research". En New Horizons in Business and Management Studies. Conference Proceedings. Corvinus University of Budapest, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14267/978-963-503-867-1_11.
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The aim of the paper is to analyze the impacts of the quality of public spending and institutional change on the use of oil royalties. The related research is based on the (re)definition of concepts that are crucial for scholars in public administration. The debate on their utilization involves social and environmental issues, not limited to economic growth. Given the current economic crises faced by governments, there is a more significant limitation on public resources available by local governments. Therefore, one should not ignore the window of opportunity that has opened to give due attention to the quality of public spending. The research has also adopted the New Institutionalism theory that has as a premise that the institutions exert influence on the behavior of actors and on the political decisions. As a result, it is concluded that there is path dependence. The arguments of path dependence and increasing returns are used to explain the continuities. In the institutional analysis, the concept of path dependence helps to understand the possible behavior of economic agents. Thus, in this context, the economy does not represent an increase in the population’s quality of life, and it is necessary to build a work methodology that involves the knowledge of local needs.
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ZIGANSHIN, Bulat, Renat ABDRAKHMANOV, Ilnar GAYAZIEV y Zufar ZAKIROV. "CLUSTER APPROACH TO AGRICULTURE EDUCATION IN RUSSIA BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTANi". En RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.209.
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In modern conditions of rural development, the most important productive resource of the agrarian company is human capital. Only well-trained, receptive to innovation, adapted to the market economy, the technician can solve problems for the effective implementation of the economic activity of any enterprise. However, in recent years the problem of staffing is both a management and staff machine operators have intensified. Numbers have fallen substantially, increased the load on one specialist. Inadequate salaries and general social problems in rural areas of Russia and Republic of Tatarstan reduce the attractiveness of work for graduates of agricultural education institutions. The main purpose of this research was to develop a new conceptual approach to staffing of agro industrial complex in modern conditions. The subject of the study was the system of training personnel for agriculture of Russia (on the example Republic of Tatarstan). The main methods used in this study are comparative theoretical-methodological research of educational institution and logical analyze agricultural education in Russia. The article discusses and analyzed the positive experience of scientific and educational cluster of agro-industrial complex of Republic of Tatarstan and Kazan State Agrarian University. One of the important conditions to solve some of the problems facing agriculture of Russia today, is the modernization of the agricultural education is associated with the formation of relevant scientific, scientific-educational and scientific-production platform. The progressive development of human potential of the agricultural sector plays an important role in achieving the designated high results as the main carrier of innovative knowledge and skills, without which the introduction of modern methods and technologies in production and management of enterprises of agro-industrial complex is simply impossible. Staffing issues agriculture is of great socio-economic importance and is the most important priorities of the state policy not only at present but in the future. Identified key staffing problems of the agro industrial complex of Russia and Tatarstan. Designed and proposed a new intensive model of development of scientific-educational cluster of agro-industrial complex of Republic of Tatarstan.
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Nastase, Mihai-Claudiu, Alexandru Mitru y Loredana Andreea Paun (Parnic). "The Social and Economic Impact of COVID 19 Pandemic on Museums. Case Study: „Princely Court” National Museum Ensemble". En International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/25.
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The new coronavirus (Covid-19) is one of the main challenges world today has to address. With no large scale availability vaccine yet, and more or less experimental medical treatments for curing the disease, we can safely say that we are still far behind a solution to this problem. This new pandemic is considered the biggest threat to the global economy since the Second World War and there is no aspects of human life have not been affected it, spiritual ones included. Its high contagiousness, as well as novelty, raised all kind of challenges and one of the main ones was our manner to produce answers, in early stages at least, this creating problem on its own and of its design. As well as all the other institutions, theatres, cinemas, concert halls, spaces of socialization and in the same time places of wonder, knowledge and spiritual enrichment the museums were heavily affected by the pandemic crisis, especially those who’s collections are not, but in very small proportion available, to the public through virtual media. Such a case is „Princely Court„ National Museums Ensemble from Targoviste, Dambovita County, Romania. The present paper proposes an overview of the highlights in institution′s activity the past years in comparison with how the pandemic crisis affected its activity in the past months and what were the responses given to keep the museum in the eye of the public. It will also try to summarize how and to what extent the activity went back to „normal” after the emergency state earlier imposed was lifted and how the visitors responded to the new realities.
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SUKHAREV, Oleg y Vladimir CHAPLYGIN. "ECONOMIC POLICY OF GROWTH: SELECTION OF INSTITUTES AND TECHNOLOGICAL MODELS OF DEVELOPMENT". En Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.006.
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Purpose – to study the possibilities of institutional theory to establish a modern theory of economic growth, including the factors of institutions and technologies changes. These factors are a set of rules with high coercive force to the agents’ action form a particular mode/model of their adaptation, together with other institutions. Research Methodology – the neoclassical models of economic growth, which may include institutional factors and to study their impact on the growth and change of the factors, into the business practice are applied. The key scientific problem is to choose the right market Institute for a proper way of technological development. The authors use the micro-level analysis of the agents and institutions’ interaction in the process of new technologies appearance. Morphological and taxonomic analysis in order to highlight the models of technological development and economic growth had been applied. Findings – the research results may enrich an economic theory and practice in the area of business models applicability. The findings may assist a business community to influence the general technological development within the national institutional systems. Research limitations – due to the fact that different institutions, structures and technologies act on the economic dynamics at the same time, separating their influence is an independent scientific problem that is not solved in all cases. However, the set of considered institutional factors forms and provides a kind of “manufacturability” of economic growth. Practical implications – the so-called institutional macroeconomics as a practical discipline (which has a very close connection with behavioural macroeconomics) may assist to explore the economic growth from the point of view of changing institutions (firms, business community), labour markets and information – technical and technological changes. Originality/Value – the value of the research consists in the systematization of institutional factors affecting the economic growth, conducting a morphological structural analysis of growth types, which allow identifying eight main growth trajectories in business activity.
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Reel, Yeşim. "A New Regulatory Understanding towards Turkey and Transition Economies". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01844.
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Turkey has many important economic relations with transition countries. Furthermore, there is high potential that these relations are getting to be stronger. Meanwhile, the importance of regulation of sectors in these economies, is increasing for both side. However, adaption of regulatory institutions could play the key role in making stronger the economic relations. Besides, the problems of the world economy lead to discuss about the functioning of the regulatory institutions, the qualifications of employees, and new implementation of regulation.
Turkey as a developing country, has some regulatory institutions in order to regulate some specific sectors. Yet, these regulatory institutions have poorly performed because of facing challenges. For these reasons, existing regulatory understanding and implementation problems should be evaluated, and so that, new regulatory understanding should be created. In order to make efficient evaluation, primarily, the explanation about dominant factors of establishing on regulatory institutions, are given. The main point of the evaluation could provide to have new regulatory understanding. Additionally, the evaluation of regulatory institutions and understanding in Turkey may also provide that the new understanding to transition economies. Hence, all the explanations and evaluations are suggested to support implementing efficient regulation in transition countries.
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Dyachenko, O. y E. Istomina. "New Institutions of the Digital Economy: Goals and Objectives". En Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iscfec-18.2019.238.
Texto completoInformes sobre el tema "New Institution Economy"
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Khan, Amir Ullah. Islam and Good Governance: A Political Economy Perspective. IIIT, octubre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.004.20.
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It is readily apparent to everyone that there are multiple and serious concerns that face Muslim societies today. Terrorism, civil strife, poverty, illiteracy, factionalism, gender injustices and poor healthcare are just a few of the challenges to governance across the Muslim world. These are core issues for governance and public administration in any form of government. However, before we can engage with good governance within the context of Islam, we need to be clear what mean by good governance itself. A simple definition of good governance is that of an institutionalised competency of administration and institution leading to efficient resource allocation and management[1]. Another way of looking at it is as a system which is defined by the existence of efficient and accountable institutions[2]. Civil society now tends to look at good governance by way of impact measurement and how a certain set of processes result in a set of measurable and desirable outcomes.
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Prats, Joan, Helen Harris y Juan Andrés Pérez. Political Determinants of Public-Private Partnerships. Inter-American Development Bank, septiembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003619.
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During the last three decades, Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) have emerged as a new contractual arrangement to provide infrastructure investment and services. Examining the evolution of PPPs contracts in emerging countries, this paper analyses the role played by political institutions and partisanship showing that: (i) PPPs are more used when governmental and legislative transaction costs increase; and (ii) political partisanship does not explain the use and consolidation of PPPs as a contractual arrangement. The paper also confirms the relevance of macroeconomic and institutional quality variability variables found in previous literature and sheds new light regarding the political economy of PPPs, especially on how political governance structures shape incentives for using PPPs as a contractual mechanism.
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Hale, Thomas, Andreas Klasen, Norman Ebner, Bianca Krämer y Anastasia Kantzelis. Towards Net Zero export credit: current approaches and next steps. Blavatnik School of Government, julio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp_2021/042.
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As the world economy rapidly decarbonises to meet global climate goals, the export credit sector must keep pace. Countries representing over two-thirds of global GDP have now set net zero targets, as have hundreds of private financial institutions. Public and private initiatives are now working to develop new standards and methodologies for shifting investment portfolios to decarbonisation pathways based on science. However, export credit agencies (ECAs) are only at the beginning stages of this seismic transformation. On the one hand, the net zero transition creates risks to existing business models and clients for the many ECAs, while on the other, it creates a significant opportunity for ECAs to refocus their support to help countries and trade partners meet their climate targets. ECAs can best take advantage of this transition, and minimise its risks, by setting net zero targets and adopting credible plans to decarbonise their portfolios. Collaboration across the sector can be a powerful tool for advancing this goal.
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Engerman, Stanley y Kenneth Sokoloff. Factor Endowments: Institutions, and Differential Paths of Growth Among New World Economies: A View from Economic Historians of the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, diciembre de 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/h0066.
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Niebler, Rebecca. Abfallwirtschaftliche Geschäftsmodelle für Textilien in der Circular Economy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, septiembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627833.
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This master thesis explores the challenges for waste management business models in the field of textiles regarding the requirements of the circular economy, as well as improvement potentials in the current framework conditions. It is concerned with the research question: "Is it advisable to change the frame-work conditions at meso or macro level, with regard to business models for waste management companies in the textile sector that are oriented towards the requirements of the circular economy, and - if so - in what way?” The approach of the study is based on the delta analysis of the e Society for Institutional Analysis at the Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences. It compares the target state of the normative requirements with the actual state of the textile and waste management framework conditions and attempts to identify the gaps (the delta). Based on the delta, it develops approaches that are intended to help reduce the gaps. The thesis develops three business models for the target year 2025 in different areas: an exchange platform for sorters, recyclers and designers, an automatic sorting plant and a plant for fibre-to-fibre recycling of mixed materials. It is becoming clear that these business models cannot meet the target requirements for the circular economy. The analysis identifies the remaining gaps in the framework conditions as the main problem. For example, insufficient innovation impulses and the lack of competitiveness of secondary raw materials inhibit the actors from applying and using new technologies and business models. Restricted access to knowledge and information, as well as a lack of transparency between the actors, also prove to be problematic. In order to answer the research question, the study recommends altering the framework conditions at meso and macro level. It proposes a platform for cooperation between designers, the introduction of a material declaration system and an eco-design guideline for textiles as possible development options. In addition, this work offers a matrix of criteria to help the actors test and improve their new waste management business models regarding their suitability for the circular economy. The analysis is carried out from an outsider's perspective on the entire textile industry. It therefore cannot cover and deal with all aspects and individual circumstances of each player in detail. The necessary changes in the framework conditions that have been identified can therefore be used as a basis for further investigations.
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Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong y Do Trong Hoan. Commune-level institutional arrangements and monitoring framework for integrated tree-based landscape management. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21024.pdf.
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Governance is a difficult task in the context of achieving landscape multifunctionality owing to the multiplicity of stakeholders, institutions, scale and ecosystem services: the ‘many-multiple’ (Cockburn et al 2018). Governing and managing the physical landscape and the actors in the landscape requires intensive knowledge and good planning systems. Land-use planning is a powerful instrument in landscape governance because it directly guides how actors will intervene in the physical landscape (land use) to gain commonly desired value. It is essential for sustaining rural landscapes and improving the livelihoods of rural communities (Bourgoin and Castella 2011, Bourgoin et al 2012, Rydin 1998), ensuring landscape multifunctionality (Nelson et al 2009, Reyers et al 2012) and enhancing efficiency in carbon sequestration, in particular (Bourgoin et al 2013, Cathcart et al 2007). It is also considered critical to the successful implementation of land-based climate mitigation, such as under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), because the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector is included in the mitigation contributions of nearly 90 percent of countries in Sub-Saharan and Southern Asia countries and in the Latin American and Caribbean regions (FAO 2016). Viet Nam has been implementing its NDC, which includes forestry and land-based mitigation options under the LULUCF sector. The contribution of the sector to committed national emission reduction is significant and cost-effective compared with other sectors. In addition to achieving emission reduction targets, implementation of forestry and land-based mitigation options has the highest benefits for social-economic development and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (MONRE 2020). Challenges, however, lie in the way national priorities and targets are translated into sub-national delivery plans and the way sub-national actors are brought together in orchestration (Hsu et al 2019) in a context where the legal framework for climate-change mitigation is elaborated at national rather than sub-national levels and coordination between government bodies and among stakeholders is generally ineffective (UNDP 2018). In many developing countries, conventional ‘top–down’, centralized land-use planning approaches have been widely practised, with very little success, a result of a lack of flexibility in adapting local peculiarities (Amler et al 1999, Ducourtieux et al 2005, Kauzeni et al 1993). In forest–agriculture mosaic landscapes, the fundamental question is how land-use planning can best conserve forest and agricultural land, both as sources of economic income and environmental services (O’Farrell and Anderson 2010). This paper provides guidance on monitoring integrated tree-based landscape management at commune level, based on the current legal framework related to natural resource management (land and forest) and the requirements of national green-growth development and assessment of land uses in two communes in Dien Bien and Son La provinces. The concept of integrated tree based landscape management in Viet Nam is still new and should be further developed for wider application across levels.
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Williams, Teshanee, Jamie McCall, Maureen Berner y Anita Brown-Graham. Strategic Capacity Building in Community Development Organizations Post COVID-19: A Multi-Dimensional Approach to Describing Social Capital. Carolina Small Business Development Fund, noviembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/social-capital-covid19-recovery/.
Texto completoResumen
Much like the 2008 financial crisis, the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic will likely shape historically underserved communities for decades to come. Now, more than perhaps ever before, community development organizations (CDOs) will be central actors and foundational institutions for sustainable economic growth. Our data suggest social capital is important for CDO capacity across multiple dimensions. Given the central role CDOs will likely play in rebuilding local economies in the wake of the pandemic, we highlight how these organizations can use social capital to maintain and build political, resource, network, and organizational capacity.
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Watkins, Graham, Hervé Breton y Guy Edwards. Achieving Sustainable Recovery: Criteria for Evaluating the Sustainability and Effectiveness of Covid-19 Recovery Investments in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, julio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003413.
Texto completoResumen
The Covid-19 pandemic has precipitated unprecedented health, social and economic crises across the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. All countries in the region moved quickly to implement rescue policies to safeguard lives and livelihoods. The rescue phase continues along with the challenge of orchestrating the post-COVID-19 economic recovery: designing packages of investments and initiatives to stimulate employment, liquidity, reignite sustainable and inclusive economic growth and transition towards net-zero emission and climate-resilience economies to confront the worsening climate and ecological crisis. These policies must be sustainable in the short and long term and bring institutional, social, economic/financial, and environmental co-benefits. This working paper proposes criteria for evaluating the sustainability of recovery investments and initiatives, to serve as a checklist for stakeholders to use to ensure a recovery that builds an inclusive, sustainable and resilient future for all.
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Lawrence, Sara, Michael Q. Hogan y Elizabeth Brown. Planning for an Innovation District: Questions for Practitioners to Consider. RTI Press, febrero de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0059.1902.
Texto completoResumen
Innovation districts are physical spaces that serve to strengthen the foundations and institutions of an innovation ecosystem. The design, implementation, and management of formalized innovation districts is a new practice area. Research draws upon the experience of concentrated areas of innovation that occurred organically, such as Boston’s Route 128, as well as intentional projects to bring together innovators in large science and technology parks, such as North Carolina’s Research Triangle Park. Existing research focuses on how to define and design innovation districts and evaluate their impact, as well as general policy considerations. In this paper, we review the definitions and benefits of an innovation district, reviewing the existing empirical research on their impacts. We then propose a series of questions to guide practitioners in addressing the economic, physical, social, and governance elements of an innovation district. Finally, we outline some of the challenges in creating an innovation district and ways to measure progress, to allow practitioners to get ahead of potential issues in the future. This paper is intended to help policymakers and practitioners working in innovation and economic development translate the concepts of innovation ecosystems into actionable next steps for planning innovation districts in their communities.
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Sabatelle, Jason, Adonis Caramintzos y Jamie McCall. Small Business COVID-19 Lending Programs: Fostering Social Capital and Financial Stability. Carolina Small Business Development Fund, enero de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/covid.lending.
Texto completoResumen
In times of crisis, investment in entrepreneurial ventures tends to decline. Early data suggest the decline in small business investments due to the pandemic will be historic in scope and depth. Community development lending practices aim to sustain small firms until they can resume their normal course of business. Affordable financing provides capital injections into small businesses which can help to cushion against COVID-19 induced economic shocks. Using Carolina Small Business Development Fund’s lending data as a case study, this analysis considers the effect of COVID-19 response programs. These activities are oriented towards creating a “social safety net” of Main Street businesses that boost social capital development, community trust, and financial stability. We believe the findings are likely generalizable to lending activities by other community development financial institutions.