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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Nitrogen Legumes as food"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 18 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Nitrogen Legumes as food"

1

Wiraguna, Edi. "Enhancement of Fixation Nitrogen in Food Legumes". Journal of Agricultural Studies 4, n.º 2 (20 de febrero de 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v4i2.9065.

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Increasing the capability of nitrogen fixation in legumes is crucial because the population has been risen dramatically and predicted to be doubled by 2050. In order to feed this high population, food productivity needs to be increased. A solution to overcome this problem is through improvement of crop productivity by applying fertilizer. However, the application of fertilizer such as nitrogen is over the recommended amount and the cost is high at approximately $US 40 billion per year. Therefore, legumes are important in order to minimize the cost and enhance soil fertility through nitrogen fixation (nodulation). To achieve high nitrogen fixation, agriculture managements such as minimum tillage, breeding programs and induced mutants have been developed. In breeding program, it was found that BT-477 had high nitrogen fixation and drought tolerant based on selection among 7 common bean genotypes. Induced mutants were applied by soaking swollen seeds in EMS and resulted to higher number of nodules (10x).

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Sinclair, Thomas R. y Vincent Vadez. "The future of grain legumes in cropping systems". Crop and Pasture Science 63, n.º 6 (2012): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12128.

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Grain legume production is increasing worldwide due to their use directly as human food, feed for animals, and industrial demands. Further, grain legumes have the ability to enhance the levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in cropping systems. Considering the increasing needs for human consumption of plant products and the economic constraints of applying fertiliser on cereal crops, we envision a greater role for grain legumes in cropping systems, especially in regions where accessibility and affordability of fertiliser is an issue. However, for several reasons the role of grain legumes in cropping systems has often received less emphasis than cereals. In this review, we discuss four major issues in increasing grain legume productivity and their role in overall crop production: (i) increased symbiotic nitrogen fixation capacity, (ii) increased phosphorus recovery from the soil, (iii) overcoming grain legume yield limitations, and (iv) cropping systems to take advantage of the multi-dimensional benefits of grain legumes.

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3

Vollmann, Johann. "Soybean versus other food grain legumes: A critical appraisal of the United Nations International Year of Pulses 2016". Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment 71, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2016): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/boku-2016-0002.

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SummaryThe United Nations have declared 2016 as the International Year of Pulses, which aims at communicating the various benefits of legume cropping and legume-protein-based food consumption. As the term “pulses” is inherently excluding soybean from other grain legumes, this review aims at challenging the scientific justification of this separation from both historical and crop science perspectives toward a better understanding of grain legumes and their contributions to food security. An analysis of the historical development and uses of the term “pulses” reveals that it is not used unambiguously throughout the recent scientific literature, and that the separation of soybean from other grain legumes occurred rather recently. Soybean, while being extensively used as an oilseed and animal feedstuff in some parts of the world, is an important protein crop species in other regions with a seed protein content of 40% and outstanding nutritional and food health properties as compared to most other grain legumes. Owing to similar agronomic features such as symbiotic nitrogen fixation and comparable seed protein properties, it does not seem scientifically justified to separate soybean from other food legumes. Therefore, focusing on “grain legumes” rather than “pulses” would better support food security and nutritional quality goals.

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Scheublin, Tanja R., Karyn P. Ridgway, J. Peter W. Young y Marcel G. A. van der Heijden. "Nonlegumes, Legumes, and Root Nodules Harbor Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, n.º 10 (octubre de 2004): 6240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.10.6240-6246.2004.

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ABSTRACT Legumes are an important plant functional group since they can form a tripartite symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium bacteria and phosphorus-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, not much is known about AMF community composition in legumes and their root nodules. In this study, we analyzed the AMF community composition in the roots of three nonlegumes and in the roots and root nodules of three legumes growing in a natural dune grassland. We amplified a portion of the small-subunit ribosomal DNA and analyzed it by using restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct sequencing. We found differences in AMF communities between legumes and nonlegumes and between legume roots and root nodules. Different plant species also contained different AMF communities, with different AMF diversity. One AMF sequence type was much more abundant in legumes than in nonlegumes (39 and 13%, respectively). Root nodules contained characteristic AMF communities that were different from those in legume roots, even though the communities were similar in nodules from different legume species. One AMF sequence type was found almost exclusively in root nodules. Legumes and root nodules have relatively high nitrogen concentrations and high phosphorus demands. Accordingly, the presence of legume- and nodule-related AMF can be explained by the specific nutritional requirements of legumes or by host-specific interactions among legumes, root nodules, and AMF. In summary, we found that AMF communities vary between plant functional groups (legumes and nonlegumes), between plant species, and between parts of a root system (roots and root nodules).

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Tognetti, Pedro M., Suzanne M. Prober, Selene Báez, Enrique J. Chaneton, Jennifer Firn, Anita C. Risch, Martin Schuetz et al. "Negative effects of nitrogen override positive effects of phosphorus on grassland legumes worldwide". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, n.º 28 (6 de julio de 2021): e2023718118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023718118.

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Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is driving global biodiversity decline and modifying ecosystem functions. Theory suggests that plant functional types that fix atmospheric nitrogen have a competitive advantage in nitrogen-poor soils, but lose this advantage with increasing nitrogen supply. By contrast, the addition of phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients may benefit such species in low-nutrient environments by enhancing their nitrogen-fixing capacity. We present a global-scale experiment confirming these predictions for nitrogen-fixing legumes (Fabaceae) across 45 grasslands on six continents. Nitrogen addition reduced legume cover, richness, and biomass, particularly in nitrogen-poor soils, while cover of non–nitrogen-fixing plants increased. The addition of phosphorous, potassium, and other nutrients enhanced legume abundance, but did not mitigate the negative effects of nitrogen addition. Increasing nitrogen supply thus has the potential to decrease the diversity and abundance of grassland legumes worldwide regardless of the availability of other nutrients, with consequences for biodiversity, food webs, ecosystem resilience, and genetic improvement of protein-rich agricultural plant species.

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Rice, Natasha R. y Michael W. Smith. "EVALUATION OF LOW-INPUT PECAN ORCHARD FLOOR MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS". HortScience 27, n.º 6 (junio de 1992): 638c—638. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.638c.

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Legume ground covers in pecan orchards can reduce nitrogen inputs and increase beneficial insects. Preliminary data indicate that certain legumes can supply over 100 kg·ha-1 N. Additionally, certain legumes have high aphid populations which attract beneficial insects. When aphid populations on the legumes crash, beneficial insects seek alternative food sources in the pecan trees, thus reducing the necessity for pesticide applications. Preliminary studies suggest that a mixture of 'Dixie' crimson clover and hairy vetch produces high populations of beneficial insects and over 100 kg·ha-1 N. Treatments were established at four pecan orchard sites in Oklahoma, each with 5 ha of a crimson clover/vetch mixture and 5 ha of native grass sod. Additions of 0-200 kg·ha-1 N were added to the sod plots but no supplemental N was added to the legume plots. Nitrogen and biomass production by the legumes, and leaf N concentration of pecans were determined. In addition, both aphid and beneficial insect populations were monitored in the legume and grass treatments, and in the pecan trees. Results will be discussed in the presentation.

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7

KUMAR, J., A. PRATAP, R. K. SOLANKI, D. S. GUPTA, A. GOYAL, S. K. CHATURVEDI, N. NADARAJAN y S. KUMAR. "Genomic resources for improving food legume crops". Journal of Agricultural Science 150, n.º 3 (30 de junio de 2011): 289–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859611000554.

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SUMMARYFood legumes are the main source of dietary protein for a large part of the world's population, and also play an important role in maintaining soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. However, legume yields and production are often limited by large genotype×environment (G×E) interactions that influence the expression of agronomically important, complex quantitative traits. Consequently, genetic improvement has been slower than expected. Molecular marker technology enables genetic dissection of such complex traits, allowing breeders to identify genomic regions on the chromosome that have main effects or interactive effects. A number of genomic resources have been developed in several legume species during the last two decades, and provide a platform for exploiting marker technology. The present paper reviews the available genomic resources in food legumes: linkage maps, high-throughput sequencing technologies, expression sequence tag (EST) databases, genome sequences, DNA chips, targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING), bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries and others. It also describes how these resources are being used to tag and map genes/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for domesticated and other agronomically important traits. This information is important to genetic improvement efforts aiming at improving food and nutrition security worldwide.

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Connor, David J. "Land required for legumes restricts the contribution of organic agriculture to global food security". Outlook on Agriculture 47, n.º 4 (21 de octubre de 2018): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030727018805765.

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Commercial extraction of nitrogen (N) from the atmosphere began soon after World War II and has provided N fertilizer that has transformed agriculture to meet, through greater crop areas and yields although with some regional shortfalls, the increasing food demand of a world population that has increased from 2 billion then to 7.6 billion in 2018. N fertilizer now provides more N input to agriculture (113 Mt N/year) than biological N fixation by legumes (33–46 Mt N/year) on which earlier agriculture relied entirely. Persistent claims over the last decade for return to organic methods, which include rejection of fertilizer N, are based on studies that erroneously claim adequate productivity to feed the world. Previous analyses, by contrast, have estimated that organic agriculture (OA) could at best support a world population of three to four billion. The problem is two-fold. First, organic crops grown in sequences with legumes or treated with N manures mostly yield less than crops grown with N fertilizer. Second, substantial areas of legumes are required to provide adequate N for required yields of non-legume crops. Recent analyses have overestimated the yield of organic crops by omitting the effect of weeds, pests and diseases, and by ignoring the land required for legumes. The result is a large overestimation of the relative productivity of OA. The effect of area is critical because, since there is little opportunity to increase cropping area beyond the current 1400 Mha, land for legumes means less land for, and consequently lower total production from, non-legume food crops. To replace 100 Mt N fertilizer/year with legumes at a net fixation of 100 kg N/ha/year would leave just 30% of cropland available for non-legumes producing a similar proportion of current yield. Even with major gains in yield, organic systems cannot feed our populous world and less so as the population increases to an expected 9.8 billion by 2050.

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Barros, Felipe Martins do Rêgo, Giselle Gomes Monteiro Fracetto, Felipe José Cury Fracetto, José Petrônio Mendes Júnior, Victor Lucas Vieira Prudêncio de Araújo y Mario Andrade Lira Junior. "Silvopastoral systems drive the nitrogen-cycling bacterial community in soil". Ciência e Agrotecnologia 42, n.º 3 (junio de 2018): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542018423031117.

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ABSTRACT Intercropping tree legumes with forage grasses in a silvopastoral system can avoid pasture degradation benefiting the soil. In such a system, nitrogen (N) is supplied by symbiosis between legumes and bacteria. However, the pasture quality determines the action of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which possess nifH genes, which encode nitrogenase enzyme. Ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), involved in the nitrification step, can be evaluated by specific regions of the 16S rRNA corresponding to AOB. Thus, we investigated the influence of the introduction of tree legumes into a silvopastoral system on the community structure and abundance of total bacteria, diazotrophic bacteria and ammonium-oxidizing bacteria by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and real-time qPCR (quantitative PCR). The experiment involved nine plots of one hectare each, planted with sabia (Mimosa caesalpinifolia), a Gliricidia species (Gliricidia sepium), and a Brachiaria species (Brachiaria decumbens) in a randomized block design, forming three treatments: I-Brachiaria intercropped with sabia; II-Brachiaria intercropped with Gliricidia and III-Brachiaria only, with three replicates. The structures of the total bacterial and ammonium-oxidizing bacterial communities were influenced by tree legume introduction, possibly through modification of the soil chemical attributes. The copy numbers of total bacteria, ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and diazotrophic bacteria were higher in soils planted with legumes, which provided better conditions for microbial growth compared to planting with the Brachiaria species alone. Silvopastoral management with tree legumes improves the biological quality of soil, favouring the bacterial community linked to N-cycling.

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10

Neugschwandtner, Reinhard W., Alexander Bernhuber, Stefan Kammlander, Helmut Wagentristl, Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra, Tomáš Lošák, Kuanysh K. Zholamanov y Hans-Peter Kaul. "Nitrogen Yields and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Winter Grain Legumes". Agronomy 11, n.º 4 (2 de abril de 2021): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040681.

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Grain legumes are valuable sources of protein and contribute to the diversification and sustainability of agricultural systems. Shifting the sowing date from spring to autumn is a strategy to address low yields of spring grain legumes under conditions of climate change. A two-year field experiment was conducted under Pannonian climate conditions in eastern Austria to assess the nitrogen yield and biological N2 fixation of winter peas and winter faba beans compared to their spring forms. The grain nitrogen yields of winter peas and winter faba beans were 1.83-fold and 1.35-fold higher compared to their spring forms, respectively, with a higher value for winter peas. This was mainly due to higher grain yields of winter legumes, as winter faba beans had a 1.06-fold higher grain nitrogen concentration than spring faba bean. Soil mineral nitrate after harvest was similar for all grain legumes, with by 2.85- and 2.92-fold higher values for peas and faba beans than for cereals, respectively. The N2 fixation of winter peas and winter faba beans were 3.90-fold and 2.28-fold higher compared to their spring forms, with winter peas having a 1.60-fold higher N2 fixation than winter faba beans. The negative nitrogen balance of winter peas was smaller than that of winter faba beans as they demonstrated the ability to overcompensate for higher nitrogen removal with grain through higher N2 fixation. The cultivation of winter grain legumes, especially winter peas, can be recommended under Pannonian climate conditions as they achieve high nitrogen yields and high levels of N2 fixation.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Nitrogen Legumes as food"

1

Lindeque, Michelle Irene. "Diversity of root nodule bacteria associated with Phaseolus coccineus and Phaseolus vulgaris species in South Africa". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02162007-170945.

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Crosswhite, F. S. y C. D. Crosswhite. "Nitrogen Fixation in Desert Legumes". University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/609108.

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Pozo, Alejandro del. "Carbon/nitrogen relations in cereals and legumes". Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317269.

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Alvarado, Adriana Delgado. "Interactions between carbon and nitrogen metabolism in legumes". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274992.

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Fajri, Abolhassan. "Nitrogen fixation by pasture legumes : effects of herbicides and defoliation". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf1755.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 209-254. Experiments detailed in this thesis, evaluate the impact of various herbicides and herbicide mixtures on the growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of annual pasture legumes, the efficacy of the herbicides for weed control, and the potential role of mechanical defoliation to replace herbicides, leading to lower cost and more sustainable farming systems.

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Sangtarash, Mohammad Hossein. "Genetic aspects of growth and nitrogen redistribution in pulse legumes". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46537.

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Metcalf, Sarah Jean. "Symbiotic nitrogen fixation and establishment of six Montana native legumes species". Thesis, Montana State University, 2005. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2005/metcalf/MetcalfS0805.pdf.

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Devkota, Dibya. "Habitat, isolation, identification and nitrogen fixation of Rhizobiaceae associated with rangeland legumes from Wyoming, USA". Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1313917311&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Ng, Ying-sim. "Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by native woody legumes (leguminosae) in Hong Kong, China". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41897122.

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Yates, Ronald John. "Symbiotic interactions of geographically diverse annual and perennial Trifolium spp. with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii /". Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20100330.93305.

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Libros sobre el tema "Nitrogen Legumes as food"

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Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Co-operation., ed. Food legumes. London: Macmillan, 1993.

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Malik, Kauser A., M. Sajjad Mirza y J. K. Ladha, eds. Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5232-7.

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Skinner, F. A., R. M. Boddey y I. Fendrik, eds. Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0889-5.

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Skinner, F. A. y P. Uomala, eds. Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4378-0.

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Juvik, G. A. Food legumes (soyabean). Rome: IBPGR Secretariat, 1985.

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Sprent, Janet I. Nodulation in legumes. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens, 2001.

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International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes (3rd 1984 Helsinki, Finland). Nitrogen fixation with non-legumes: The Third International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Helsinki, 2-8 September 1984. Dordrecht: M. Nijhoff, 1986.

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Beck, D. P. y L. A. Materon, eds. Nitrogen Fixation by Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1387-5.

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Hardarson, G., T. A. Lie y A. Houwers, eds. Breeding Legumes for Enhanced Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5077-1.

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International Symposium on 'Nitrogen Fixation with Non-legumes' (4th 1987 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Nitrogen fixation with non-legumes: The Fourth International Symposium on 'Nitrogen Fixation with Non-legumes', Rio de Janeiro, 23-28 August 1987. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Nitrogen Legumes as food"

1

Sprent, J. I., J. H. Stephens y O. P. Rupela. "Environmental effects on nitrogen fixation". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 801–10. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_64.

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Herridge, D. F., M. N. Sudin, J. S. Pate y M. B. Peoples. "Translocation and utilization of nitrogen by pulses". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 793–800. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_63.

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Rao, N. S. Subba. "Nitrogen fixation and productivity of chickpea in India". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 147–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_15.

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Clark, K. W., J. Brockwell y J. A. Thompson. "Role of inoculants in improving nitrogen fixation in legumes". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 731–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_58.

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Bliss, F. A. y J. C. Miller. "Selecting and breeding grain legumes for enhanced nitrogen fixation". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 1001–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_79.

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Dakora, Felix D., Alphonsus K. Belane, Keletso C. Mohale, Thabo I. Makhubedu, Pride Makhura, Flora Pule-Meulenberg, Nyamande Mapope et al. "Food Grain Legumes: Their Contribution to Soil Fertility, Food Security, and Human Nutrition/Health in Africa". En Biological Nitrogen Fixation, 1063–70. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119053095.ch105.

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Evans, H. J., S. A. Russell, F. J. Hanus y T. Ruiz-Argueso. "The importance of hydrogen recycling in nitrogen fixation by legumes". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 777–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_62.

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Denison, R. F., P. R. Weisz y T. R. Sinclair. "Oxygen supply to nodules as a limiting factor in symbiotic nitrogen fixation". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 767–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_61.

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Schmidt, E. L. "Competition for legume nodule occupancy: a down-to-earth limitation on nitrogen fixation". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 663–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_53.

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Fried, M. "Workshop: Use of 15N in field experiments involving measurement of biologically fixed nitrogen". En World crops: Cool season food legumes, 745–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2764-3_59.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Nitrogen Legumes as food"

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Patil, Prashant, Chandrashekhar Biradar, Layal Atassi, Rachid Moussadek, Mohamed Kharrat, Murari Singh, Fouad Andaloussi y Shiv Kumar Agrawal. "Mapping and monitoring of food legumes and dryland cereal production systems". En 2015 Fourth International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics.2015.7248158.

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Xiyue, Wang, Ming Ming, Tian Yuanyuan, Lian Lili, Zhang Hao y Lou Dawei. "STUDY OF FATTY ACIDS IN FOOD LEGUMES WITH GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY". En International Conference on New Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing (ICNMIM). Volkson Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/icnmim.01.2018.300.302.

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Hasdemir, Mehmet, Bülent Miran, Mine Hasdemir y Tijen Özüdoğru. "Analysis of Effective Factors on Legumes Production in Terms of Sustainability in Turkey". En International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01405.

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The changes in the economic, social and cultural life affect the agricultural and food sector from production to consumption. All these changes affect the protection of soil and water resources and the production and consumption of legumes which is the protein source of over 2 billion people. On the other hand, while cereal production has increased by 6.1%, oil seed production has increased by 100.2%, legumes production has decreased by 28.8% in Turkey. This situation is very important for sustainability in Turkey which is 3rd lentil producer, 4th chickpea producer and 23rd dry beans producer all over the world. The objective of the study is examined the effective factors on legumes production in terms of sustaining the production. For this purpose, the relationship between the legumes producers socio-economical characteristics and other factors (as price, marketing etc.), and sustainability of production is analysing by Logit analysis method. In this context, in 2014, a face to face survey is conducted by 835 producers in 14 provinces. According the results, total farm size and crop price are determined as effective factors for sustainability.

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Ana, Idongesit M., Hannah I. J. Udota y Ye-Obong N. Udoakah. "Malting technology in the development of safe and sustainable complementary composite food from cereals and legumes". En 2014 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970273.

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Tsyganov, V. E. "Symbiotic nodule development". En 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.257.

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The interaction of legumes with rhizobia leads to formation of the symbiotic nodules on their roots, which are specialized plant organs for nitrogen fixation. Considerable progress has been made in deciphering the molecular-genetic and cellular mechanisms of symbiotic nodule development in recent years. However, some aspects of nodule development clearly merit much more attention.

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6

Kunkulberga, Daiga, Anda Linina y Antons Ruza. "Effect of nitrogen fertilization on protein content and rheological properties of winter wheat wholemeal". En 13th Baltic Conference on Food Science and Technology “FOOD. NUTRITION. WELL-BEING”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Food Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/foodbalt.2019.026.

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"Fiber Quality and Yield Response of Cotton to Nitrogen Supply". En International Conference on Chemical, Food and Environment Engineering. International Academy Of Arts, Science & Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/iaast.a0115023.

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Mitchell M Johns, Robert A Beggs y Ron W Crites. "Fate of BOD and Nitrogen in Land Application of Food Processing Wastewater". En 2009 Reno, Nevada, June 21 - June 24, 2009. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.27252.

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9

Smotraeva, I. V., P. E. Balanov, O. B. Ivanchenko y A. V. Fedorov. "The Study of Amine Nitrogen in Malt Sprouts Used as a Food Supplement". En The International Conference “Health and wellbeing in modern society” (ICHW 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.201001.012.

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10

Li, Jianfeng, Shuqin Zhang y Jianxiong Du. "The Effects of Sap of Nitraria Plant on the Growth of Its Endogenous Nitrogen-fixing Microbes under Saline-Alkaline Stress". En International Conference on Chemical,Material and Food Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cmfe-15.2015.15.

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Informes sobre el tema "Nitrogen Legumes as food"

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Woldeyohanes, Tesfaye, Karl Hughes, Kai Mausch y Judith Oduol. Adoption of improved grains legumes and dryland cereals crop varieties: A synthesis of evidence. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21022.pdf.

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Like other crop improvement programs, a key prerequisite for the CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (CRP GLDC) to generate large-scale impact is large-scale adoption. Hence, evidencing the breadth and depth of such adoption is both of intrinsic interest and important for estimating downstream impacts, such as improved food and nutritional security, income, resilience, and soil health. While various GLDC adoption studies have been undertaken, a recent effort to systematically review these studies and synthesize the results is lacking. We undertook such a review, identifying 69 studies and 35 independent country crop combinations (CCCs). To generate aggregated and updated estimates of GLDC improved varietal adoption, we devised and applied a procedure to estimate national cropping areas under such varieties and, in turn, the number of adopting households. Estimates derived from household surveys and expert opinion solicitation are treated with higher and lower levels of confidence, respectively. As of 2019, we estimate from higher confidence studies that improved GLDC crops were cultivated on 15.37 million hectares of land by 17.64 million households in CRP GLDC’s 13 priority countries. With the inclusion of lower confidence studies, these numbers increase to 32 and 44.64 million, respectively. We are further confident that the program exceeded its adoption target of 8.9 million newly adopting households from 2011, particularly when likely spillovers vis-à-vis non-surveyed areas, non-priority countries, and non-priority crops in priority countries are considered.

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Latané, Annah, Jean-Michel Voisard y Alice Olive Brower. Senegal Farmer Networks Respond to COVID-19. RTI Press, junio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0045.2106.

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This study leveraged existing data infrastructure and relationships from the Feed the Future Senegal Naatal Mbay (“flourishing agriculture”) project, funded by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented by RTI International from 2015 to 2019. The research informed and empowered farmer organizations to track and respond to rural households in 2020 as they faced the COVID-19 pandemic. Farmer organizations, with support from RTI and local ICT firm STATINFO, administered a survey to a sample of 800 agricultural households that are members of four former Naatal Mbay–supported farmer organizations in two rounds in August and October 2020. Focus group discussions were conducted with network leadership pre- and post–data collection to contextualize the experience of the COVID-19 shock and to validate findings. The results showed that farmers were already reacting to the effects of low rainfall during the 2019 growing season and that COVID-19 compounded the shock through disrupted communications and interregional travel bans, creating food shortages and pressure to divert seed stocks for food. Food insecurity effects, measured through the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and cereals stocks, were found to be greater for households in the Casamance region than in the Kaolack and Kaffrine regions. The findings also indicate that farmer networks deployed a coordinated response comprising food aid and access to personal protective equipment, distribution of short-cycle legumes and grains (e.g., cowpea, maize) and vegetable seeds, protection measures for cereals seeds, and financial innovations with banks. However, food stocks were expected to recover as harvesting began in October 2020, and the networks were planning to accelerate seed multiplication, diversify crops beyond cereals, improve communication across the network. and mainstream access to financial instruments in the 2021 growing season. The research indicated that the previous USAID-funded project had likely contributed to the networks’ COVID-19 resilience capacities by building social capital and fostering the new use of tools and technologies over the years it operated.

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3

Use of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes to trace the larval striped bass food chain in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary, California, April to September 1985. US Geological Survey, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri884164.

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