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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Odor perception"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 25 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Odor perception"

Caccappolo, Elise, Howard Kipen, Kathie Kelly-McNeil, Susan Knasko, Robert M. Hamer, Benjamin Natelson y Nancy Fiedler. "Odor Perception:". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 42, n.º 6 (junio de 2000): 629–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043764-200006000-00012.

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Li, Xin, Dehan Luo, Yu Cheng, Kin-Yeung Wong y Kevin Hung. "Identifying the Primary Odor Perception Descriptors by Multi-Output Linear Regression Models". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 8 (7 de abril de 2021): 3320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083320.

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Semantic odor perception descriptors, such as “sweet”, are widely used for product quality assessment in food, beverage, and fragrance industries to profile the odor perceptions. The current literature focuses on developing as many as possible odor perception descriptors. A large number of odor descriptors poses challenges for odor sensory assessment. In this paper, we propose the task of narrowing down the number of odor perception descriptors. To this end, we contrive a novel selection mechanism based on machine learning to identify the primary odor perceptual descriptors (POPDs). The perceptual ratings of non-primary odor perception descriptors (NPOPDs) could be predicted precisely from those of the POPDs. Therefore, the NPOPDs are redundant and could be disregarded from the odor vocabulary. The experimental results indicate that dozens of odor perceptual descriptors are redundant. It is also observed that the sparsity of the data has a negative correlation coefficient with the model performance, while the Pearson correlation between odor perceptions plays an active role. Reducing the odor vocabulary size could simplify the odor sensory assessment and is auxiliary to understand human odor perceptual space.

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Bo, Weichen, Yuandong Yu, Ran He, Dongya Qin, Xin Zheng, Yue Wang, Botian Ding y Guizhao Liang. "Insight into the Structure–Odor Relationship of Molecules: A Computational Study Based on Deep Learning". Foods 11, n.º 14 (9 de julio de 2022): 2033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11142033.

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Molecules with pleasant odors, unacceptable odors, and even serious toxicity are closely related to human social life. It is impractical to identify the odors of molecules in large quantities (particularly hazardous odors) using experimental methods. Computer-aided methods have currently attracted increasing attention for the prediction of molecular odors. Here, through models based on multilayer perceptron (MLP) and physicochemical descriptors (MLP-Des), MLP and molecular fingerprint, and convolutional neural network (CNN), we conduct the two-class prediction of odor/no odor, fruity/no odor, floral/no odor, and woody/no odor, and the multi-class prediction of fruity/flowery/woody/no odor on our newly refined molecular odor datasets. We show that three kinds of predictors can robustly predict molecular odors. The MLP-Des model not only exhibits the best prediction results (the AUC values are 0.99 and 0.86 for the two- and multi-classification models, respectively) but can also well reflect the characteristics of the structure–odor relationship of molecules. The CNN model takes 2D molecular images as input and can automatically extract the structural features related to molecular odors. The proposed models are of great help for the prediction of molecular odorants, understanding the underlying relationship between chemical structure and odor perception, and the discovery of new odorous and/or hazardous molecules.

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Zakrzewska, Marta, Marco Tullio Liuzza y Jonas K. Olofsson. "Body odor disgust sensitivity (BODS) is related to extreme odor valence perception". PLOS ONE 18, n.º 4 (21 de abril de 2023): e0284397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284397.

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Odors are important disease cues, and disgust sensitivity to body odors reflects individual differences in disease avoidance. The body odor disgust sensitivity (BODS) scale provides a rapid and valid assessment of individual differences. Nevertheless, little is known about how individual differences in BODS might correlate with overall odor perception or how it is related to other differences in emotional reactivity (e.g., affect intensity). We investigated how BODS relates to perceptual ratings of pleasant and unpleasant odors. We aggregated data from 4 experiments (total N = 190) that were conducted in our laboratory, and where valence and intensity ratings were collected. Unpleasant odors were body-like (e.g., sweat-like valeric acid), which may provide disease cues. The pleasant odors were, in contrast, often found in soap and cleaning products (e.g., lilac, lemon). Across experiments, we show that individuals with higher BODS levels perceived smells as more highly valenced overall: unpleasant smells were rated as more unpleasant, and pleasant smells were rated as more pleasant. These results suggest that body odor disgust sensitivity is associated with a broader pattern of affect intensity which causes stronger emotional responses to both negative and positive odors. In contrast, BODS levels were not associated with odor intensity perception. Furthermore, disgust sensitivity to odors coming from external sources (e.g., someone else’s sweat) was the best predictor of odor valence ratings. The effects were modest in size. The results validate the BODS scale as it is explicitly associated with experimental ratings of odor valence.

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Lee, Brian K., Emily J. Mayhew, Benjamin Sanchez-Lengeling, Jennifer N. Wei, Wesley W. Qian, Kelsie A. Little, Matthew Andres et al. "A principal odor map unifies diverse tasks in olfactory perception". Science 381, n.º 6661 (septiembre de 2023): 999–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.ade4401.

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Mapping molecular structure to odor perception is a key challenge in olfaction. We used graph neural networks to generate a principal odor map (POM) that preserves perceptual relationships and enables odor quality prediction for previously uncharacterized odorants. The model was as reliable as a human in describing odor quality: On a prospective validation set of 400 out-of-sample odorants, the model-generated odor profile more closely matched the trained panel mean than did the median panelist. By applying simple, interpretable, theoretically rooted transformations, the POM outperformed chemoinformatic models on several other odor prediction tasks, indicating that the POM successfully encoded a generalized map of structure-odor relationships. This approach broadly enables odor prediction and paves the way toward digitizing odors.

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Kerr, Kara-Lynne, Stephanie Joyce Rosero y Richard L. Doty. "Odors and the Perception of Hygiene". Perceptual and Motor Skills 100, n.º 1 (febrero de 2005): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.100.1.135-141.

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Although certain odors, such as lemon, are commonly associated with cleanliness and positive hygiene, empirical assessment of such associations for other odors and attributes is generally lacking. Moreover, differences between men and women in such associations have not been established. In this study of lemon, onion, pine, and smoke odors, ratings were obtained from 142 men and 336 women ( M age = 30.1 yr., SD = 12.3) for odor intensity, gender association (masculine/feminine), and the success, sociability, intelligence, cleanliness, and attractiveness of a hypothetical person whose clothes smell like the odor in question. Ratings of the pleasantness or unpleasantness one would attribute to each odor in various rooms of the home were obtained, as well as a specification of whether such ratings are influenced by laundry habits, e.g., whether laundry is smelled before or after washing. Numerous associations were found. For example, a hypothetical person whose clothes smell of pine was rated as relatively more successful, intelligent, sociable, sanitary, and attractive than one whose clothes smelled of lemon, onion, or smoke. Sex differences, as well as differences between people who reported smelling their own laundry, were also found.

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Syrjänen, Elmeri, Håkan Fischer, Marco Tullio Liuzza, Torun Lindholm y Jonas K. Olofsson. "A Review of the Effects of Valenced Odors on Face Perception and Evaluation". i-Perception 12, n.º 2 (marzo de 2021): 204166952110095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20416695211009552.

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How do valenced odors affect the perception and evaluation of facial expressions? We reviewed 25 studies published from 1989 to 2020 on cross-modal behavioral effects of odors on the perception of faces. The results indicate that odors may influence facial evaluations and classifications in several ways. Faces are rated as more arousing during simultaneous odor exposure, and the rated valence of faces is affected in the direction of the odor valence. For facial classification tasks, in general, valenced odors, whether pleasant or unpleasant, decrease facial emotion classification speed. The evidence for valence congruency effects was inconsistent. Some studies found that exposure to a valenced odor facilitates the processing of a similarly valenced facial expression. The results for facial evaluation were mirrored in classical conditioning studies, as faces conditioned with valenced odors were rated in the direction of the odor valence. However, the evidence of odor effects was inconsistent when the task was to classify faces. Furthermore, using a z-curve analysis, we found clear evidence for publication bias. Our recommendations for future research include greater consideration of individual differences in sensation and cognition, individual differences (e.g., differences in odor sensitivity related to age, gender, or culture), establishing standardized experimental assessments and stimuli, larger study samples, and embracing open research practices.

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Patel, Muktiben M., Nigam D. Patel, Angela Rekhi y Alan R. Hirsch. "163 Treatment of Odor-Induced Anxiogenesis With Odor-Induced Anxiolysis". CNS Spectrums 23, n.º 1 (febrero de 2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852918000548.

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AbstractStudy ObjectiveTo understand the effects of odor on anxiety.IntroductionReduction of odor-induced anxiety through a presentation of an odor has not heretofore been described.MethodCase report: A 69-year-old right-handed male with a five year history of generalized anxiety disorder, presented with a one and a half month history of hypersensitivity to odors of multiple synthetic chemicals manifest by the perception that these odors were more intense and unpleasant inducing nausea, abdominal cramping, coughing, a need to “get away from the smell”, and panic with intense anxiety. These symptoms would occur whenever he was exposed to these smells, 20 to 25 times a day, and would persist for 10 to 15 minutes after the exposure. When odors induced the above symptoms, exposure to the aroma of cinnamon immediately alleviated these symptoms. He now continues using cinnamon odor whenever the odor induced anxiety and associated symptoms arise. This remedy has been effective over the course of treatment, for almost two years.ResultsAbnormalities on examination: Three per second titubation. Archimedean Spiral Test: Saw tooth pattern with macrographia. Anxious, circumstantial, overly inclusive. Unable to determine how to put on shoe covers. Impaired voluntary upward gave, but intact vertical doll’s eyes. Left torticollis. Bilateral finger to nose dysmetria. Low amplitude, high frequency tremor on extension of both upper extremities. Areflexic. Olfactory Testing: hyposmic. MRI of brain with and without infusion: mild generalized volume loss.ConclusionsThere are myriad mechanisms whereby odor may have reduced the odor-induced anxiety. Since aroma induced anxiogeneis is usually confined to a specific odor, it does not preclude other odors from acting in an anxiolytic manner. The combination of exposure simultaneously of anxiolytic and anxiogenic odors may have acted to increase the threshold of the anxiety producing odor, inhibiting perception of the anxiogenic odor and thus precipitation of anxiety. The two odors could have combined in an additive fashion, changing the olfactory characteristics of the anxiety provoking odor such that it no longer was perceived as the same odor and thus no anxiety. The anxiolytic/anxiogenic odor mixture could have overwhelmed the anxiogenic odor, thus creating the perception of only anxiolytic odor. On a central basis, the anxiolysis and anxiogenesis may have been induced to occur coincidently with anxiolysis superseding anxiogenesis. Alternatively, the odors may have acted as a distractor, changing the focus of attention from anxiogenic odor to a different odor which does not have the same anxiety provoking effect. Maybe because the patient already has demonstrated a heightened odor emotion linkage, he may be more susceptible to any other odor emotion effects. Trial of odors in those with odor induced anxiety warrants consideration.Funding AcknowledgementsNo funding.

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Kranz, Georg S., Ulrike Kaufmann y Rupert Lanzenberger. "Probing the Impact of Gender-Affirming Hormone Treatment on Odor Perception". Chemical Senses 45, n.º 1 (22 de octubre de 2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjz069.

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Abstract Evidence suggests that women outperform men in core aspects of odor perception, and sex hormones may play a significant role in moderating this effect. The gender-affirming treatment (GAT) of transgender persons constitutes a powerful natural experiment to study the psychological and behavioral effects of high dosages of cross-sex hormone applications. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the effects of GAT on odor perception in a sample of 131 participants including female and male controls, as well as transmen and transwomen over their first 4 months of gender transition. The Sniffin’ Sticks test battery was used to measure odor detection, discrimination, and identification at baseline, as well as 1 and 4 months after the start of GAT. Plasma levels of estradiol, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were analyzed for each assessment point. Results revealed no significant change of olfactory performance in the two transgender groups compared with female and male controls. There was no significant difference between groups at baseline or any other time point. Neither biological sex, nor gender identity had an influence on odor perception. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between sex hormones and odor perception and between GAT-induced changes in sex hormones and changes in odor perception. Our results indicate that the effects of sex hormones on olfactory performance are subtle, if present at all. However, our results do not preclude hormonal effects on odors not included in the Sniffin’ Sticks test battery, such as body odors or odors associated with sex.

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Holley, André. "Recent Advances in Mechanisms of Odor Perception". Water Science and Technology 40, n.º 6 (1 de septiembre de 1999): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0267.

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This paper summarizes recent findings on the olfactory system and on its functioning. Studies in molecular biology indicate that odor receptors are extremely numerous and diverse. These remarkable findings, along with recent data on the functional organization of the olfactory bulb and cortex, provide a framework for revisiting traditional views on odor coding. Both spatial and temporal neural codes seem to participate in the representation of odors in the olfactory system.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Odor perception"

Legha, Prem. "Molecular structure and odor mixture perception". Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/549.

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The sense of smell is a primal sense for humans as well as animals.In everyday life the smells encountered are composed of dozens, even hundreds of odors; few arise from a single odorant. Enormous numbers of odors occur due to the vast variation in the concentration, size and structure of odorant molecules that makes olfaction differ from simpler visual or auditory dimensions. Accordingly, little is known about the ways in which changes in molecular structure and concentration of individual odorants change odor quality. Also, currently not much is understood about synergism/antagonism, how one odorant masks or suppresses another in mixtures and there is no method for predicting which odor will be suppressed. The two main objectives of this thesis were to determine whether a part of a molecular structure rather than the whole structure plays a key role in odor quality and whether a key part of a molecule can be used to choose antagonists for that odorant. For this study three classes of musks and two potential antagonists were used. The results of the study are discussed in some detail. It is concluded that future studies of the importance of molecular structure in mixture interactions require substantially more information on the relation between structure and odor quality to allow systematic studies to be developed. In summary the two hypotheses investigated were not supported by the results. Importantly, however, they do support the view that it is likely that odor quality is dependent on the whole structure of an odorant not a single feature.

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Legha, Prem, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College y of Science Food and Horticulture School. "Molecular structure and odor mixture perception". THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Legha_P.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/549.

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Legha, Prem. "Molecular structure and odor mixture perception". View thesis, 2004. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20040723.142239/index.html.

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Thesis (M.Sc. (Hons)) -- University of Western Sydney, 2004.
"This thesis was submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Hons) in the Centre for Advanced Food Research, University of Western Sydney, June 2004" Includes bibliography.

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Whelton, Andrew James. "Temperature Effects on Drinking Water Odor Perception". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36221.

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Thirteen volunteer panelists were trained according to Standard Method 2170, flavor profile analysis (FPA). Following training these panelists underwent triangle test screening to determine whether or not they could detect the odorants used in this study. Following triangle testing, panelists underwent directional difference testing to determine if temperature affected odor perception when presented with two water samples. Following directional difference testing, panelists used FPA and evaluated water samples that contained odorants at either 25°C or 45°C. Samples containing geosmin cooled to 5°C were also evaluated.

Sensory analyses experiments indicate that odor intensity is a function of both aqueous concentration and water temperature for geosmin, MIB, nonadienal, n-hexanal, free chlorine, and 1-butanol. The higher water temperature resulted in an increase in odor intensity for some, but not all, concentrations of geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol, trans-2, cis-6-nonadienal, n-hexanal, free chlorine, and 1-butanol. Additionally, above 400 ng/L of geosmin, 400 ng/L of MIB, and 100 ng/L the odor intensity was equal to or less than the odor intensity at 600, 600, and 200 ng/L, respectively. Henry's Law should predict that an increase in concentration would increase the amount of odorant the panelist comes into contact with; however, results demonstrated that at specific aqueous odorant concentrations odor perception did not follow Henry's Law. Odor response to drinking water containing isobutanal was affected by concentration but not water temperature.

Master of Science

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Niman, Andrea. "False recognition : a side effect of right-nostril odor perception". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-54676.

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Research on hemispheric lateralization of olfactory processes is limited and inconclusive. Right-nostril advantage in judging familiarity and intensity has been reported, while the left hemisphere has been suggested to be more involved in hedonic estimation and odor naming. The aim of the present work was to assess suggested differences in perception and memory for odors between stimulated nostrils. The results indicated no significant side-related differences in perceptions of familiarity, hedonics or intensity. In contrast, although hit rates were equal across nostrils, more false alarms were generated when odors were presented in the right nostril. This outcome may reflect easier access to semantic cues in the left compared to the right hemisphere, suggesting the right hemisphere to rely relatively more on emotional cues in odor memory retrieval. The observations of this work draw attention to the problematic encountered in differing conceptual frameworks and methodologies in laterality research.

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Lindqvist, Anna. "Perfumes between Venus and Mars : How gender categorization of perfumes is (not) related to odor perception and odor preference". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-88139.

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How we smell is important to a lot of people, as indicated by the high spending on perfumes. Most perfumes are categorized as feminine or masculine, and this gender categorization is an important factor when people purchase perfumes. This thesis explores odor perception and perfume preference when the person sniffing the perfume does not know the commercial gender categorization. Three psychophysical experiments were conducted, in which the participants scaled the femininity and masculinity of the perfumes, indicated preferences, and gender categorized the perfumes. The perfumes were presented both in glass bottles and when applied on human skin. Results of three experiments indicate that female and male participants (20–30 years old) preferred the same perfumes, both for themselves and for their potential partners. The preferred perfumes tended to be “unisex,” that is, perceived as neither strongly feminine nor strongly masculine. The participants did not succeed well in identifying the commercial gender categorizations of the perfumes, and they did not succeed in guessing the gender of the human when the perfumes were applied on human skin. The commercial gender associations of the perfumes only corresponded to how they were perceived in the case of extremely feminine or extremely masculine perfumes. I conclude that the gender categorizations of most perfumes are not related to how they are actually perceived.

At the time of the doctoral defence the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript.

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Carreira, Laura Regula Eustáquio. "Influência do odor de alimentos no proteoma salivar: o caso particular do odor do pão". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27215.

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Cheirar um alimento desencadeia emoções e a salivação. Contudo, não se sabe que alterações esse estímulo induz na composição proteica da saliva. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar alterações induzidas pelo odor do pão no proteoma salivar, relacionando-as com emoções desencadeadas e avaliando a sua semelhança com a mastigação. As técnicas utilizadas foram: quantificação em proteína total, eletroforese bidimensional, ELISA e determinação de atividade enzimática. Observaram-se aumentos nos níveis de expressão de spots proteicos de α-amilase e cistatinas, com o cheiro, semelhantes às induzidas pela mastigação do mesmo alimento. Já os níveis de imunoglobulinas não diminuem com o cheiro, ao contrário da mastigação. O desejo desencadeado pelo odor do pão resultou em maiores aumentos de taxa de secreção, cortisol e amilase salivares. Conclui-se que, o proteoma salivar responde ao odor dos alimentos e que algumas alterações são semelhantes às resultantes da mastigação desse alimento; The influence of food odor in salivary proteome: the particular case of bread odor Abstract: Smelling food causes emotions and induces salivation. However, it is not known which changes this stimulus causes in the salivary protein composition. This paper aims to identify changes induced by bread odor in salivary proteome, relating them to perceived emotions and assessing their similarity with changes induced by chewing. The techniques used were: total protein quantification, two-dimensional electrophoresis, ELISA and enzymatic activity quantification. Increases in expression levels of α-amylase and cystatins’ protein spots, induced by food odor were observed, which were similar to the ones induced by chewing the same food. Immunoglobulin levels do not decrease with odor, by opposition to chewing. The desire caused by the odor of bread resulted in higher increases in salivary secretion, cortisol and amylase rates. It is concluded that salivary proteome responds to food odor and some changes are similar to those resulting from chewing of this food.

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Pinar, Ömür. "Determination of Henry's Law Constants of Odorous Contaminants and Their Application to Human Perception". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36030.

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Although utilities attempt to avoid offensive smelling compounds in consumer's drinking water, their efforts are often hampered by a lack of data or knowledge of the physical, chemical, and sensory properties of odorants. Many factors affect the ability of a consumer to detect odors, including: concentration, presence of chlorine/other odorants, temperature, and the individual's sensitivity. This research developed a simplified static-headspace technique to determine Henry's Law constants at multiple temperatures and then use these data to calculate the enthalpy of solution so that new Henry's Law constants can be calculated at any temperature using the van't Hoff Equation. The method was applied to three taste-and-odor compounds of moderate water solubility (about 100 mg/L). 2-Methylisoborneol (2-MIB) is a methylated monoterpene alcohol that is produced by actinomycetes and blue-green algae and has a musty odor that is detectable at 4-10 ng/L water. Geosmin, also produced by actinomycetes and blue-green algae, has a detectable earthy odor at 5-10 ng/L. trans-2, cis-6-Nonadienal is enzymatically synthesized from poly-unsaturated fatty acids by diatoms like Synura and has cucumber and fishy odors detectable at 10-40 ng/L levels. The new static headspace method uses standard glassware used in odor-analyses. 500 mL wide-mouth Erlenmeyer flasks were modified with septum sampling ports to measure vapor phase concentrations by SPME/GC-MS. Unitless Henry's Law constants were determined at multiple temperatures using the vapor and aqueous phase concentrations. From the Henry's Law constants, the enthalpies of reactions were calculated. For these compounds, the values for Henry's Law constants ranged from 0.002 to 0.02 for four temperatures between 20 to 45 °C with geosmin and 2-MIB having similar and higher values than for nonadienal. The constants increased with increasing temperature. The enthalpies of vaporization from the aqueous phase were determined to be in the range of 50-80 kJoule/mole. The experiments were repeated with fulvic acid added to the aqueous media at different concentrations. The Henry's Law constants were decreased with the presence of fulvic acid; however no correlation between the concentration of fulvic acid and the decrease was observed. The decrease in constants for 2-MIB and geosmin were very small compared to nonadienal. Finally the measured Henry's Law constants were used to predict gas phase concentrations of odorants for known aqueous concentrations of geosmin, 2-MIB, and nonadienal. The results were correlated to the human sensory data obtained from flavor profile analysis. The data demonstrated that as the gas phase concentration increased, the perceived odor intensity also increased, but only up to a certain point. The vapor phase concentration increased linearly as the aqueous phase concentration increased, but the FPA intensity increased at a lower rate and leveled-off. The increase in the FPA rating at 25ï °C was greater than at 45 °C although the vapor phase concentration was greater at 45 °C. For samples containing 400 and 600 ng/L geosmin, 400 and 600 ng/L, 2-MIB, 100 and 200 ng/L nonadienal, the increase in gas phase concentration did not increase the FPA ratings of the panelists. It was concluded that, utilities will be challenged to assess and treat high concentrations of geosmin, 2-MIB, and nonadienal. Sensory analysis will not be predictive of aqueous or vapor concentration at high levels and may be misleading if used to determine a treatment strategy. Chemical analyses, especially solid phase microextraction technique is very effective in measuring these compounds even at low ng/L levels. The temperature-related Henry's Law constants can be used to assess remediation systems, human exposure and sensory perception by predicting gas phase concentration in a variety of situations, such as showering and washing dishes.
Master of Science

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March, Claire de. "Modélisation des mécanismes moléculaires de la perception des odeurs". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4068/document.

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Ce projet de recherche est focalisé sur le lien entre la structure des molécules odorantes et leurs interactions avec les récepteurs olfactifs exprimés dans les neurones olfactifs. Cette recherche fondamentale est d'une importance primordiale pour la construction d'un «nez virtuel », physiologiquement inspiré, qui reproduit la fonction des 400 types de récepteurs olfactifs impliqués dans la détection des odeurs. Ici, chaque récepteur olfactif est représenté par un système moléculaire qui est reproduit atome par atome dans un modèle informatique. Un protocole optimal a été conçu pour prédire les structures de ces récepteurs grâce à l’analyse bioinformatiques de leurs séquences sous contraintes de données expérimentales. Ensuite, les bases de la relation entre la séquence d’un récepteur et son mécanisme d’activation en fonction de la structure d’une molécule odorante liée à sa cavité ont été établies. Par ailleurs, l’analyse des structures de molécules d’une même famille olfactive peut conduire à l’identification des récepteurs impliqués dans leur perception. L’ensemble de ces résultats constitue les bases pour l’étude des relations structure-odeur à l’ère post-génomique
This research project is focused on the link between chemical structures of odorant molecules and their interactions with odorant receptors expressed in olfactory neurons. This basic research is of primary importance for building a physiologically-inspired “computational nose” that reproduces the function of the 400 types of odorant receptors involved in the perception of smells. Here, each odorant receptor is represented as a molecular system, reproduced atom per atom in a computational model. An optimal protocol has been built to predict the structure of these receptors using bioinformatics analyses of their sequences under the constraints of experimental data. Then, the relationship between the sequence and the activation mechanism of a receptor as a function of the structure of a molecule bound to its cavity has been established. Furthermore, the structural analysis of molecules belonging to the same olfactory family was shown to lead to the prediction of some receptors involved in their perception. These results constitute a basis for structure-odor relationships studies in the postgenomic era

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Hamtat, Marie-Line. "Perception et représentation de l’odeur chez les patients souffrant de schizophrénie : création et exploitation d’un test olfacto-visuel". Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21844.

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Dans la schizophrénie, de nombreux patients présentent un manque de soins d’hygiène personnelle, caractéristique du versant négatif de la symptomatologie. Cette négligence donne naissance à une odeur corporelle nauséabonde, qui d’antan fut un élément déterminant du diagnostic. Les prises en charge de ce symptôme, focalisées sur les soins fondamentaux de la toilette, sont souvent une gageure et échouent. En nous inscrivant dans une démarche pluridisciplinaire, nous tentons de donner du sens aux odeurs corporelles dans la schizophrénie. Notre hypothèse est que les comportements d’hygiène personnelle pourraient être conditionnés par les capacités du système olfactif des patients, sujet tout juste effleuré jusqu’ici. Une épreuve d’identification d’échantillons odorants au moyen d’images photographiques des sources d’odeurs potentielles a été normalisée : le test olfacto-visuel (TOV). L’application du TOV a permis de montrer un défaut des capacités d’identification olfactive chez les patients, sa relation avec la symptomatologie et les compétences sociales des patients. La mise en place d’un atelier thérapeutique à médiation olfactive a conduit à montrer les conséquences bénéfiques de la prise en charge de la sensorialité olfactive sur l’évolution des capacités olfactives, la symptomatologie, les comportements hygiéniques et alimentaires ainsi que sur le vécu affectif des patients atteints de schizophrénie. Ces derniers montrent aussi des dysfonctionnements de la sphère émotionnelle. Nous avons d’abord réanalysé les liens existants entre la caractéristique hédonique des odorants et les émotions dans la population générale, puis repoussé leurs simplifications habituelles. Les liens entre odeurs perçues et émotions évoquées par les échantillons odorants apparaissent perturbés chez les patients. Ce travail de recherche propose une relecture de la perception olfactive dans la schizophrénie et montre l’intérêt thérapeutique de son exploitation. L’évolution clinique positive des comportements d’hygiène personnelle, après la prise en charge olfactive, valide l’hypothèse du rôle de l’odeur corporelle en tant que gardien de l’existence. L’ « être-au-monde odorant » des patients possède une fonction identitaire dans la schizophrénie
In the case of schizophrenia, numerous patients have poor personal hygiene, which is typical of negative symptomatology. This self-neglect engenders offensive body odor which also was in the past a crucial element for the diagnosis. Attempts to address the manifestations of that symptom by focusing on the principles of basic grooming often prove a losing battle and fail. Thanks to an interdisciplinary approach, our endeavor is to try and give meaning to body odor for schizophrenics. Our hypothesis is that personal hygiene behavior could be conditioned by the patients’ olfactory system capacities – a domain which has barely been studied to this day. An olfactory stimuli identification test of potential odor sources via photographic images has been standardized: the olfacto-visual test (OVT). The OVT’s application has permitted to reveal an olfactory identification deficit in the patients, its relation to symptomatology and the patients’ social skills. The setting up of a therapeutic workshop through olfactory mediation has led to show the beneficial consequences of the caring for the sense of smell on the evolution of olfactory skills, symptomatology, hygiene and dietary patterns, as well as on the patients’ emotional life. Patients suffering from schizophrenia also present emotion-management troubles. We have first analyzed the existing links between the hedonic characteristics of odorants and the emotions among the general population anew, and then questioned the usual simplifications about them. The links between perceived odors and emotions produced by the odor samples appeared as blurred for the patients. This research offers a new approach of the olfactory perception in schizophrenia and shows the therapeutic interest of its exploitation. The positive clinical evolution of personal hygiene behavior after the olfactory caring confirms the hypothesis of the role of body odor as a token of existence. The patients’ bad body odor reveals an identity function in schizophrenia

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Libros sobre el tema "Odor perception"

Engen, Trygg. Odor sensation and memory. New York: Praeger, 1991.

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Isabel, Urdapilleta, ed. Le monde des odeurs: De la perception à la représentation. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2011.

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Manetta, Céline. Le monde des odeurs: De la perception à la représentation. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2011.

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The scent of desire: Discovering our enigmatic sense of smell. New York: William Morrow, 2007.

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Olfactory cognition: From perception and memory to environmental odours and neuroscience. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2012.

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The smell of books: A cultural-historical study of olfactory perception in literature. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1992.

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1941-, Jung Mathias, ed. Männer lassen Federn: Unbelehrbar oder im Aufbruch? Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1992.

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Weiss, Logan E. y Jason M. Atwood. The biology of odors: Sources, olfaction, and response. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers Inc., 2011.

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Poulain, Elfie. Kafka: Einbahnstrasse zur Hölle : oder die unmögliche Selbstrechtfertigung des Daseins. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2003.

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R, Schab Frank y Crowder Robert G, eds. Memory for odors. Mahwah, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1995.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Odor perception"

Sterer, Nir y Mel Rosenberg. "Odor Perception". En Breath Odors, 29–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44731-1_4.

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Sterer, Nir y Mel Rosenberg. "Odor Perception". En Breath Odors, 35–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19312-5_4.

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Hummel, Thomas, Basile N. Landis y Philippe Rombaux. "Disrupted Odor Perception". En Springer Handbook of Odor, 79–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26932-0_31.

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Ohloff, Günther. "Quantitative Odor Perception". En Scent and Fragrances, 57–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78418-7_3.

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Pickenhagen, W. "Enantioselectivity in Odor Perception". En Flavor Chemistry, 151–57. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1989-0388.ch012.

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Griep, M. I., T. F. Mets, K. Collys, D. Vert�, G. Verleye, I. Ponjaert-Kristoffersen y D. L. Massart. "MNA and Odor Perception". En Nestl� Nutrition Workshop Series: Clinical & Performance Program, 41–60. Basel: KARGER, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000062971.

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Temme, Katinka. "Sensual Perception in Architecture". En Springer Handbook of Odor, 143–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26932-0_57.

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Seo, Han-Seok y Thomas Hummel. "Cross-Modal Integration in Olfactory Perception". En Springer Handbook of Odor, 115–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26932-0_47.

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Seubert, Janina, Christina Regenbogen, Ute Habel y Johan N. Lundström. "Behavioral and Neural Determinants of Odor Valence Perception". En Springer Handbook of Odor, 99–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26932-0_39.

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Doty, Richard L. "Psychophysical Measurement of Odor Perception in Humans". En The Human Sense of Smell, 95–134. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76223-9_5.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Odor perception"

Nailos, Mary Ann, Dan Stein, Lawrence T. Nielsen y Anna Iwasinska. "Analysis and Identification of Off-Odor Compounds in Electronic Systems". En ISTFA 2006. ASM International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2006p0020.

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Abstract The detection and identification of substances that give rise to aromas and off-odors is often a difficult task. Perception of odors is very subjective and odor detection thresholds vary from person to person. The identification of trace levels of compounds responsible for perceived odors is difficult using conventional analytical tools. This paper will focus on a novel method for sampling and analyzing aromatic volatile compounds using an analytical system specifically designed for odor analysis.

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Lei, Menglong y Chengyu Li. "A Balance Between Odor Intensity and Odor Perception Range in Odor-Guided Flapping Flight". En ASME 2022 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2022-85407.

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Abstract Insects rely on their olfactory system to forage, prey, and mate. They can sense odorant plumes emitted from sources of their interests with their bilateral odorant antennae, and track down odor sources using their highly efficient flapping-wing mechanism. The odor-tracking process typically consists of two distinct behaviors: surging upwind at higher velocity and zigzagging crosswind at lower velocity. Despite extensive numerical and experimental studies on odor guided flight in insects, we have limited understandings on the effects of flight velocity on odor plume structure and its associated odor perception. In this study, a fully coupled three-way numerical solver is developed, which solves the 3D Navier-Stokes equations coupled with equations of motion for the passive flapping wings, and the odorant convection-diffusion equation. This numerical solver is applied to resolve the unsteady flow field and the odor plume transport for a fruit fly model at different flight velocities in terms of reduced frequency. Our results show that the odor plume structure and intensity are strong related to reduced frequency. At smaller reduced frequency (larger forward velocity), odor plume is pushed up during downstroke and draw back during upstroke. At larger reduced frequency (smaller forward velocity), the flapping wings induce a shield-like air flow around the antennae which may greatly increase the odor sampling range. Our finding may explain why flight velocity is important in odor guided flight.

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Mamlouk, Amir Madany, Martin Haker y Thomas Martinetz. "Perception space analysis: From color vision to odor perception". En 2017 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2017.7965919.

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Lei, Menglong y Chengyu Li. "Effects of Wing Kinematics on Modulating Odor Plume Structures in the Odor Tracking Flight of Fruit Flies". En ASME 2021 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2021-61832.

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Abstract Insects rely on their olfactory system to forage, prey, and mate. They can sense odorant plumes emitted from sources of their interests with their bilateral odorant antennae, and track down odor sources using their highly efficient flapping-wing mechanism. The odor-tracking process typically consists of two distinct behaviors: surging upwind and zigzagging crosswind. Despite the extensive numerical and experimental studies on the flying trajectories and wing flapping kinematics during odor tracking flight, we have limited understanding of how the flying trajectories and flapping wings modulate odor plume structures. In this study, a fully coupled three-way numerical solver is developed, which solves the 3D Navier-Stokes equations coupled with equations of motion for the passive flapping wings, and the odorant convection-diffusion equation. This numerical solver is applied to investigate the unsteady flow field and the odorant transport phenomena of a fruit fly model in both surging upwind and zigzagging crosswind cases. The unsteady flow generated by flapping wings perturbs the odor plume structure and significantly impacts the odor intensity at the olfactory receptors (i.e., antennae). During zigzagging crosswind flight, the differences in odor perception time and peak odor intensity at the receptors potentially help create stereo odorant mapping to track odor source. Our simulation results will provide new insights into the mechanism of how fruit flies perceive odor landscape and inspire the future design of odor-guided micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) for surveillance and detection missions.

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Kovačević, Dorotea, Dajana Kupres, Fran Šepat y Maja Brozović. "Exploring odor associations based on packaging visual elements". En 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p57.

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Previous studies have shown that packaging design can influence people’s expectations regarding product attributes. This study explored the role of packaging visual design in presenting a nonvisual attribute (i.e. odor) by investigating consumers’ responses to various graphic designs displayed on perfume packaging. Particularly, the aim was to examine how different visual elements (such as patterns, photographs and illustrations) influence product choices, preferences and odor associations. 136 people participated in the study, with approximately equal numbers of males and females. They were presented with 10 packaging samples. The samples were of the same shape and size but with different visual elements. The results of the experiment confirmed that participants associated highly recognizable objects with their specific odors. For example, a lemon pattern was paired with a fresh smell, and an image of a rose was paired with a floral smell. On the other hand, when packaging presented odor-neutral objects, the participants’ responses were not uniform. The design which was associated with the largest range of smells was the one with a photograph of a human body, which was paired with three different perfume types (namely, floral, woody and oriental). When data were split by gender, the results suggested that men had a preference for regular and sharp visual shapes. Another relevant finding is that perception of perfume packaging can be influenced by age. Young participants mostly preferred abstract visual shapes for perfume presentations. The results of the choice task indicated that young participants were more sensitive to variations in design than mature participants. Furthermore, they associated most of the packaging designs with more than one type of smell. The findings can be useful for successful perfume packaging design, especially when young consumers are the main target audience.

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Jiang, Danfeng, Liming Wu, Tengteng Wen, Jingshan Li, Linfeng Jia y Zihao Gao. "A Cheminformatic Compression Method for Multiple Odor Label in Intelligent Perception". En 2021 IEEE International Conference on Smart Internet of Things (SmartIoT). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smartiot52359.2021.00057.

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Chanonsirivorakul, Rinlapat y Nitikarn Nimsuk. "A Study of Relationship Between Sensor Response and Odor Perception in Human". En 2018 International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieecon.2018.8712243.

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Baldacci, Sandra, Sara Maio, Franca Martini, Patrizia Silvi, Giuseppe Sarno, Sonia Cerrai, Anna Angino, Martina Fresta y Giovanni Viegi. "Odor annoyance perception and health effects in an Italian general population sample". En Annual Congress 2015. European Respiratory Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.pa1115.

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Tsai, Shou-En, Wan-Lun Tsai, Tse-Yu Pan, Chia-Ming Kuo y Min-Chun Hu. "Does Virtual Odor Representation Influence the Perception of Olfactory Intensity and Directionality in VR?" En 2021 IEEE Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vr50410.2021.00050.

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Chanonsirivorakul, Rinlapat y Nitikarn Nimsuk. "Analysis of Relationship between the Response of Ammonia Gas Sensor and Odor Perception in Human". En 2020 8th International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieecon48109.2020.229522.

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Informes sobre el tema "Odor perception"

Kowton, Jennifer y Rachel McQueen. The Perception of Odor in Textiles: An Exploratory Study. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, noviembre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1393.

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