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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Odor quality"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 1 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Odor quality"

Bestgen, Anne-Kathrin, Patrick Schulze y Lars Kuchinke. "Odor Emotional Quality Predicts Odor Identification". Chemical Senses 40, n.º 7 (3 de julio de 2015): 517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjv037.

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Öberg, Christina, Maria Larsson y Lars Bäckman. "Differential sex effects in olfactory functioning: The role of verbal processing". Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 8, n.º 5 (julio de 2002): 691–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617702801424.

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AbstractWe investigated sex difference across a number of olfactory tasks. Thirty-six men and 35 women ranging in age from 19 to 36 years were assessed in 6 different tasks: absolute sensitivity for n-butanol, intensity discrimination, quality discrimination, episodic recognition memory for familiar and unfamiliar odors, and odor identification. No sex differences were observed in the tasks tapping primarily sensory acuity (i.e., odor sensitivity, intensity discrimination, and quality discrimination) or in episodic memory for unfamiliar odors. By contrast, women outperformed men in the tasks involving verbal processing (i.e., memory for familiar odors and odor identification). Interestingly, controlling for odor naming ability resulted in that the observed sex difference in episodic odor memory for familiar odors disappeared. This outcome suggests that women's superiority in episodic odor memory is largely mediated by their higher proficiency in odor identification.

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Wise, P. M. "Quantification of Odor Quality". Chemical Senses 25, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2000): 429–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/25.4.429.

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Burlingame, G. A. "A practical framework using odor survey data to prioritize nuisance odors". Water Science and Technology 59, n.º 3 (1 de febrero de 2009): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.872.

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There are three main questions that need to be answered to address nuisance odors at the fenceline of a wastewater treatment plant: What odors are occurring at the fenceline of the plant? What processes within the plant give rise to these odors? What priority should we assign to mitigation of the nuisance odors? The prioritization is based on three factors that make odors a nuisance: strength or intensity of the odor when it is detected; quality or description of the odor; persistence or occurrence of the odor at the fenceline. Since fenceline odors vary according to: wind direction; wind speed; atmospheric stability and obstructions (buildings, trees, roadways), this study conducted odor surveys at the fenceline of a wastewater plant between April and November for 20 surveys. The data were used to develop a practical framework in three steps: summarize fenceline (residential vs non-residential) odor survey data; use odor type category and average odor strength to determine the annoyance factor; use annoyance factor and fenceline occurrence to determine the priority rating for nuisance odors to be mitigated.

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Rosenfeld, P. E. y I. H. Suffet. "Understanding odorants associated with compost, biomass facilities, and the land application of biosolids". Water Science and Technology 49, n.º 9 (1 de mayo de 2004): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0569.

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Odorous water and air can result from compost, biomass facilities and land application of biosolids. Common odorous compounds from these biodegradation systems include alcohols, aldehydes, fatty acids, solvents and various sulfur and nitrogen compounds. Each odorant possesses a unique individual odor signature i.e. odor character or quality, odor threshold concentration and chemical concentration. This paper develops an initial understanding of how the volatile odorous chemicals and their relative concentrations produced are related to the total odor quality from the process by their odor threshold concentrations. The compost process is used as an example. It was estimated, that on day 1 and 7, the primary fatty acids controlling the fermented and rotten odors were butyric acid and valeric acids, individually, unpleasant and rancid odors, respectively, although acetic acid had the highest fatty acid concentration on both days. In the same way, aldehydes and ketones controlled the disappearance of the sweet odor from day 1 to 7.

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Bian, Yuge, Haoning Gong y I. H. (Mel) Suffet. "The Use of the Odor Profile Method with an “Odor Patrol” Panel to Evaluate an Odor Impacted Site near a Landfill". Atmosphere 12, n.º 4 (9 de abril de 2021): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040472.

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A third-party-trained “Odor Patrol” program was conducted at a school that is about a one-mile distance from a landfill to clarify the odor nuisance problems from the landfill. Every 20 min from 6 to 9 a.m. on school days, the “Odor Profile Method” (OPM) was used with the landfill odor wheel to identify the odor type and intensity of each odor type. This study showed that an Odor Patrol using the OPM can accurately define odor nuisance changes over time and can be used as a method to confirm changes of odor nuisances in a field study. The Odor Patrol only found 13 data inputs of the 1000 data inputs (1.3%) for the 100-day odor monitoring with a landfill odor or trash odor that could cause odor complaints. The Odor Patrol data and the Odor Complaint data compared well. The OPM by an “Odor Patrol” could determine the contribution of the nuisance odors from 6 to 9 a.m. at the school site, about one mile away from the landfill. The study demonstrated a novel approach for odor monitoring by using the Odor Profile Method with an Odor Patrol. The OPM not only confirmed the mitigation of a landfill odor problem, but it also determined odor character, odor intensity, odor frequency and odor duration during this study period. “Landfill gas” was determined to be primarily a rotten vegetable odor with a secondary sewery/fecal odor of lower intensity, and “trash odors” were primarily a rancid and sweet odor with a secondary sewery/fecal and/or rotten vegetable odor of lower intensities generated from trash reaching the landfill. The order of intensity observed from high to low was: Trash odor (Rancid–Sweet) > Rotten vegetable > Sewery/Fecal > Rancid. Thus, trash odor is the major problematic odor from the landfill site. Quality assurance methods were used to remove local odors from the evaluation.

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Krauel, Kerstin, Philipp Schott, Bernfried Sojka, Bettina M. Pause y Roman Ferstl. "Is There a Mismatch Negativity Analogue in the Olfactory Event-Related Potential?" Journal of Psychophysiology 13, n.º 1 (enero de 1999): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0269-8803.13.1.49.

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Abstract The mismatch negativity (MMN) is thought to indicate automatic stimulus discrimination in response to acoustic stimuli. In the present study six male subjects were presented with the odors linalool and eugenol within a passive oddball-paradigm. The subjects were instructed to ignore the odors and concentrate on an auditory distractor task. In two sessions each odor served once as the standard stimulus and once as the deviant stimulus. Both odors when presented as deviants led to a negative deflection of the olfactory event-related potential (OERP) between 500-600 ms. After 600 ms the waveforms in response to the deviants were differentially influenced by odor quality. Although the present study should be understood as exploratory, the results suggest the existence of an early mismatch detector in the olfactory modality independent of attention and odor quality.

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Seto, Hiroshi, Ikue Saitou, Aya Onuki, Emiko Todaka, Hiroko Nakaoka, Masamichi Hanazato y Chisato Mori. "Evaluation of indoor air quality by odor units (odor threshold ratio)". Toxicology Letters 189 (septiembre de 2009): S204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.06.618.

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IWASHITA, Go. "Odor and Air Quality in Vehicles". Journal of Japan Association on Odor Environment 42, n.º 6 (2011): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.2171/jao.42.391.

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Kay, Leslie M., Tanja Crk y Jennifer Thorngate. "A Redefinition of Odor Mixture Quality." Behavioral Neuroscience 119, n.º 3 (2005): 726–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7044.119.3.726.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Odor quality"

Heim, Timothy Howard. "Impact of Polymeric Plumbing Materials on Drinking Water Quality and Aesthetics". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32260.

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The use of polymer pipes is now very common in home plumbing and other parts of the drinking water distribution system. Many taste and odor complaints in drinking water are known to originate from contact of water with materials. The ability of polymer pipes used in home plumbing to affect drinking water quality and aesthetics was investigated using the Utility Quick Test (UQT). Analysis of water quality and aesthetics were conducted in the absence of disinfectant and the presence of either chlorine or chloramines. A Flavor Profile Analysis (FPA) panel was trained according to Standard Methods 2170B to evaluate the organoleptic characteristics of the samples. Laboratory analyses were performed to determine levels of total organic carbon (TOC), disinfectant residual, pH and to attempt to identify specific volatile organics.

The first part of this study investigated HDPE, cPVC and epoxy lined copper pipes using the UQT method. Both HDPE and epoxy-lined copper had significant effects on water quality and aesthetics during the approximately 10 day exposure of the UQT. HDPE and epoxy-lined copper leached significant amounts of TOC and consumed more disinfectant than controls, but in different amounts. cPVC was the most inert of the materials tested and had the least impact on water quality and did not contribute any significant odor. None of the pipes tested appeared to contribute trihalomethanes to drinking water, but further analysis revealed that the compounds may actually be generated and subsequently sorbed into pipe walls. These data show the effects of newly installed polymeric pipe materials and their potential to impact water quality in differing capacities.

The second part of this study compared the results of the UQT on HDPE, epoxy lined copper, cPVC, PEX-a and PEX-b with the goal of comparing and contrasting how five different polymeric plumbing materials can impact drinking water quality. Results demonstrated the short-term ability of all pipe materials except cPVC to impact water quality and aesthetics. This data could potentially be useful in generating selection criteria for homeowners and plumbing professionals regarding the impact of newly installed plumbing materials.

Master of Science

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Durand, Monique Lucia. "Disinfectants and Plumbing Materials: Effects on the Sensory and Chemical Characteristics of Drinking Water". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35861.

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The distribution system is the primary cause of taste and odor complaints in drinking water. This research examined the ability of small diameter pipes used in home plumbing to affect drinking water quality. The properties of the materials were investigated in the absence of disinfectant and the presence of either chlorine or chloramines. A panel was trained in flavor profile analysis (FPA) according to Standard Methods 2170B and used to assess the sensory properties of all samples. Chemical analyses were performed to determine disinfectants, total organic carbon (TOC), pH and specific organic contaminants. The first part of this study investigated PEX pipes manufactured by the silane (PEX-b) and peroxide (PEX-a) cross-linking technology, using the utility quick test (UQT) method. Silane PEX-b had a greater effect on water quality properties such as odor, TOC and residual disinfectant demand than peroxide-linked PEX-a. Chemical analysis revealed that PEX pipes can contribute fuel oxygenates such as ETBE (PEX-b) and possibly MTBE (PEX-a) to drinking water. PEX pipes did not contribute any significant trihalomethanes to drinking water. This study showed that the type of PEX used in homes will determine the extent to which drinking water quality is affected. The second part of this study used simulated plumbing rigs to investigate seven different materials under low flow and stagnant conditions; chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, cross-linked polyethylene, polyethylene, epoxy-lined copper, copper, stainless steel, galvanized iron and glass (control). Results showed that these plumbing materials have the potential to affect water quality characteristics such as TOC concentrations, residual disinfectant and odor when newly installed in homes. A high TOC concentration was consistent with the presence of a distinct odor or a high FPA intensity rating. Galvanized iron produced the worst odors that were consistently described as "motor oil". Polyethylene generated more intense plumbing associated odors than PEX or cPVC plastic material. cPVC and copper generated the least odors. Both copper pipe and epoxy-lined copper consumed residual chlorine and chloramines.
Master of Science

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Van, Nierop Sandra. "Investigation of malt factors that influence beer production and quality". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50380.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A number of relevant brewing industry issues associated with malt quality were examined. These included beer foam quality, premature flocculation of yeast during fermentation and antimicrobial factors in malt. The cause of poor foam at a brewery relative to other similar breweries was identified as being related to the boiling temperature during wort preparation and the associated conformational changes of the abundant foam protein lipid transfer protein 1 (LTPl). The temperature range of 96 to 102°C was revealed to be critical. At the higher temperature the denaturation of LTP 1 was more extensive and its effectiveness as a foam protein was reduced. In addition, it was shown that the prominent role of LTPI with respect to foam was as a lipid binding protein, forming a lipid sink and protecting foam from lipid damage. The occurrence of malt associated premature yeast flocculation (PYF) during fermentation was induced in malt by the addition of extra-cellular fungal enzymes to the malt husk or by micro-malting barley in the presence of fungi. In addition, treating malt husk with commercial xylanase or adding commercial arabinoxylan to the fermentation also impacted on yeast flocculation. It was proposed that a range of molecular weight arabinoxylans formed by the enzymatic breakdown of the major barley husk component (arabinoxylan) resulted in PYF. Antimicrobial activity against brewing yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), other fungi and bacteria was found in barley, malt and malt derived wort trub. Wort trub is the non-specific precipitate of protein, polyphenols and lipids formed during wort boiling and which is, to some extend, carried over in the wort to the fermentation. Antimicrobial activity appeared to increase during malting. The growth of brewery collected yeast was inhibited in the presence of brewery production wort when compared to the same wort filtered to remove the trub. Brewery yeast was found to be more sensitive to inhibition than laboratory propagated yeast of the same strain. Different strains of S. cerevisiae were also found to differ in their sensitivity to inhibition. Investigation revealed that the activity originated from the inside of the barley grain and impacted on yeast sugar uptake. However, there was no direct correlation detected between levels of antimicrobial activity in malt and fermentation performance. At high concentrations the factors were microcidal causing cell lysis. Partial characterisation of an antimicrobial extract from malt revealed the presence of a factor between 5 and 14 kDa, containing a cationic peptide component. The optimum pH stability was ±5 when it was also most cationic. The factor easily and irreversibly lost activity at extreme pH and when exposed to certain reagents but was heat resistant in accordance with its survival in wort trub. Preliminary results showed the presence of LTP1 associated with other peptides in the active cationic fraction from the one malt tested. The occurrence of malt related PYF and malt antimicrobial factors are associated with microbial contamination of the grain. The fungi generating the PYF factors from the barley husk while the barley's defence mechanism generates antimicrobial factors to cope with the pathogenic effect of the fungi. In addition there is a potential link between the foam protein LTP 1 and malt antimicrobial activity as LTP 1 or LTP 1 in association with another component(s) is potentially antimicrobial.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Aantal problematiese areas in die broubedryf, wat met mout geassosieer word, is ondersoek, naamlik bierskuimkwaliteit, voortydige flokkulering van gis tydens fermentasie en die invloed van antimikrobiese faktore in mout. Die oorsaak van swak bierskuim by 'n spesifieke brouery relatief tot ander soortgelyke brouerye was geidentifiseer as die moutekstrakkookpunt tydens moutekstrakbereiding. Tydens hierdie proses ondergaan dieskuimprotein, lipiedoordrag proteien 1 (lipid transfer protein 1, LTPI), 'n konformasieverandering. Die temperature tussen 96 to 102°C was kritiek t.o.v. ideale konformasieverandering vir skuimaktiwiteit. Denaturering van LTPI het by hoër temperature plaasgevind wat die skuimproteien se aktiwitiet verminder het. Daar is ook bewys dat LTPI 'n verdere rol in bierskuim speel aangesien dit 'n lipiedbindingsproteien is wat die skuimnegatiewe lipiede verwyder. Die voorkoms van moutgeassosieerde voortydige flokkulering van gis (PYF) tydens fermentasie is op twee maniere in mout geinduseer, naamlik: • deur die toevoeging van ekstrasellulêre swamensieme tot die moutdop • deur mikrovermouting van gars in die teenwoordigheid van swamme. Die behandeling van die moutdop met kommersiele xilanase of die toevoeging van kommersiele arabinoxilaan by fermentasies het ook die flokkulering van gis beinvloed. Die hipotese was dat PYF veroorsaak is deur 'n reeks arabinoxilane met verskillende molekulêre massas wat gevorm het tydens die ensimatiese afbraakproses van die primere moutdopkomponent (arabinoxilaan). Antimikrobiese aktiwiteit teenoor brouersgis (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), ander swamme en bakterie was teenwoordig in gars, mout en moutekstrakpresipitaat. Die presipitaat bestaan uit nie-spesifieke presipitate van proteien, polifenole en lipiede wat gedeeltelik in die gekookte moutekstrak agterbly. Daar is gevind dat antimikrobiese aktiwiteit tydens vermouting toe geneem het. Die groeiproses van brouersgis, gekollekteer by 'n brouery, was geinhibeer deur die teenwoordigheid van brouery-geproduseerde moutekstrak in vergelyking met dieselfde moutekstrak wat gefiltreer was om die presipitaat te verwyder. Die brouersgis was meer sensitief heens inhibisie in vergeleke met dieselfde gisstam wat opgegroei is in die laboratorium. Verskillende S. cerevisiae stamme het ook verskille in sensitiwiteit getoon t.o.v. the antimikrobiese komponente in die moutekstrakte. 'n Verdere ondersoek het getoon dat die oorprong van die inhiberende aktiwiteit die interne dele van die gars is, asook dat dit die gissuikeropname beinvloed. Daar was egter geen direkte verband tussen antimikrobiese aktiwiteit in mout en fermentasie effektiwiteit, soos gemeet onder laboratorium toestande, nie. Hoë konsentrasies van die faktore het egter gelei tot seldood weens sellise. 'n Kationiese peptiedbevattende fraksie tussen 5 en 14 kDa en 'n optimale pH stabliliteit van 5 is gevind deur gedeeltelike karakterisering van 'n antimikrobiese moutekstrak. Die aktiewe fraksie se aktiwiteit is onomkeerbaar vernietig by ekstreme pH en blootstelling aan sekere reagense. Die aktiewe verbinding(s) is egter hittebestand en resultate het getoon dat hierdie aktiwiteit die brouproses oorleef as deel van die moutektrakpresipitaat. Voorlopige resultate van die een mout wat getoets is het die teenwoordigheid van LTP 1 getoon, asook die moontlike assosiasie met ander peptiede of kleiner komponente in die aktiewe kationiese fraksie. Die voorkoms van moutgeassosieerde PYF en antimikrobiese faktore in mout word met die mikrobiologiese kontaminasie van gars verbind. Swamme produseer die PYF faktore vanuit die moutdopkomponente, terwyl die plant weer antimikrobiese faktore produseer as deel van 'n beskermingsmeganisme teen die patogene effek van die swamme. Daar is ook 'n potensieele verwantskap tussen bierskuimproteien LTP 1 en antimikrobiese faktore in mout, aangesien LTPI ofLTPl tesame met 'n ander verbinding(s) moontlik antimikrobies is.

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Akpolat, Hacer. "The Effect of pH and Temperature on Cabbage Volatiles during Storage". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1427734475.

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Kitaoka, Traci Kimiko. "Bumble bee pollen foraging activation role of colony stores and pollen quality and odor /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1453656.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 25, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-29).

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Cappellin, Catherine Brooks. "Locational and temporal patterns in microorganisms potentially affecting water quality in the Dan River system". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/93501.

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River ecosystems across the US and globally face numerous stressors that impact both ecological function and water quality. In 2015-16, municipalities along the Dan River in southern Virginia experienced repeated taste and odor (TandO) issues in their drinking water that originated from the river source water. Given that the source of TandO issues during these events were unknown, this research aimed to identify patterns in the distributions of river microorganisms that could help identify potential biological causes. Monthly water, sediment, and periphyton samples were collected for a full year from the Smith and Dan Rivers to quantify actinomycete, fungi, and chlorophyll a concentrations, which have historically been linked to TandO problems, and to characterize changes in microbial community structure. Although no significant TandO event occurred during the study period, the work produced unique and valuable data that describe patterns of microbial populations and communities in a river ecosystem. Results from the study show the abundances of actinomycetes, fungi, and chlorophyll a expressing seasonal and regional variation by habitat. From a broader ecological perspective, microbial communities sampled from water, sediment, and periphyton were each unique from each other regardless of river reach and season sampled. Overall, this research adds to our understanding of river ecology by detailing the microbial abundance and diversity in three river habitats, including periphyton, that can be used to predict sources of river TandO in future events, and offers new questions regarding how microbial diversity changes over space and time.
Master of Science
In 2015-16, cities along the Dan River in Virginia experienced multiple taste and odor (T&O) events that led to earthy and musty odors in drinking water. As part of a larger project looking at a range of possible chemical and biological sources of T&O, this research aimed to identify changes in abundance of river microorganisms that might indicate potential biological causes to T&O events. Monthly samples of water, sediment, and algal growth were collected for a year from 12 sites on the Smith and Dan Rivers. Samples were analyzed for abundances of three known T&O causing groups of organisms—actinomycetes, fungi, and photoautotrophs—and to characterize changes in total microbial communities as an indicator of ecological change occurring along the rivers. Although a significant T&O event did not occur during the study period, the research produced valuable descriptions of how important microorganisms change in a freshwater ecosystem. Actinomycetes elevated in the lower Dan River during fall, fungi elevated during the spring, and chlorophyll a was highest in the upper Smith River during winter, suggesting that photoautotrophic growth was more likely to be linked to previous T&O events. The diversity and makeup of the microbial communities in the rivers was primarily dependent on where they were growing (water, sediment, or periphyton) and secondarily on the season or the river reach. Combined, these results will help to identify causes of future T&O events in the Dan River and also provide new insights into ecological patterns of microorganisms in river ecosystems.

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Wise, Paul M. "Latency and accuracy of same-different discriminations of odor quality between binary mixtures and their components /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9992387.

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Kumar, Nitin. "Sequential Anaerobic-Aerobic Digestion: A new process technology for biosolids product quality improvement". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41300.

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Anaerobic digestion is widely used for stabilization of solids in sewage sludges. Recent changes in the priorities and goals of digestion processes are focusing more attention on the efficiency of these processes. Increasing hauling cost and restrictions for land applications are two factors which are driving the increased attention to digestion efficiency. Noxious odor production from the land applied biosolids is another important issue related to digestion efficiency. Existing anaerobic digestion or aerobic digestion processes failed to provide simultaneous solution to biosolids related problems i.e. simultaneous VS reduction, better dewatering of biosolids and lesser odors from the biosolids. Studies done by Novak et al. (2004) using different activated sludges show that anaerobic-aerobic digestion and aerobic-anaerobic digestion both increase volatile solids reduction compared to a single digestion environment. They proposed that there are 4 VS fractions in sludges: (1) a fraction degradable only under aerobic conditions, (2) a fraction degradable only under anaerobic conditions, (3) a fraction degradable under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions, and (4) a non degradable fraction. It has also been found (Akunna et al., 1993) that anaerobic-aerobic sequential treatment of wastewater can help in achieving substantial nitrogen removal. These results suggest that sequential anaerobic-aerobic digestion can address multiple biosolid related problems. This study was designed to understand the effect of sequential anaerobic-aerobic digestion on the properties of resulting effluent biosolids. The study was carried out in two operation phases and during both phases one digester was maintained at thermophilic conditions and the other at mesophilic temperature conditions. In first operation phase (Phase-I) thermophilic digester was operating at 20 day SRT and mesophilic anaerobic digester was at 10 day SRT. The aerobic digesters following anaerobic digesters were operating at 6 day II SRT. In second operation phase (Phase-II), both thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic digesters were operating at 15 day SRT and both had two aerobic digesters operating in parallel at 3 day and 6 day SRTs. In addition, batch experiments were also conducted to measure the performance of aerobic-anaerobic digestion sequence. Another study was carried out to understand the nitrogen removal mechanism during aerobic digestion of anaerobic digested sludge. The feed sludge was spiked with four different concentrations of nitrate and nitrite. It was observed during the study that aerobic digestion of anaerobic sludge helps in achieving higher Volatile solid reduction (~65% vs ~ 46% for mesophilic digestion and ~52% for thermophilic digestion). This result supports the hypothesis concerning the different fractions in volatile solids. Experimental results also show that the increase in VSR upon increasing anaerobic digestion SRT (more than 15 days) is less than the increase in the VSR due to the same increment of aerobic digestion SRT. Reduction in COD and VFA were also measured to be more than 50% during aerobic digestion. Investigation of nitrogen fate during the sequential anaerobic-aerobic digestion show more than 50% total nitrogen removal. Higher nitrogen removal was in thermophilic anaerobic â aerobic digester combination than that in mesophilic anaerobicâ aerobic combination. The most probable reason for the removal was simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Higher concentration of readily available VFA from thermophilic anaerobic digested sludge provide advantage in denitrification in following aerobic digester. The resulting biosolids produced during sequential digestion process were also analyzed for dewatering properties and odor production. Proteins and polysaccharides concentrations were observed to decrease during aerobic digestion for thermophilic anaerobic - aerobic digestion combination, while in another combinations polysaccharide concentrations increases at aerobic phase with 3 day digestion. The concentration of polysaccharides decreases at higher digestion period of 6 and 9. The result of decrease in polysaccharide and protein was III reflected by the reduction in the polymer dose consumption and decrease in the optimum CST for the biosolids resulting from the sequential anaerobic aerobic digestion. Experimental results from odor experiments show that odor production potential of the biosolids decreases with increase in both anaerobic phase SRT and aerobic phase SRT. Thermophilic biosolids produces comparatively low odors but for longer periods, while mesophilic biosolids produces higher magnitude of odors during storage but only for comparative shorter period. Aerobic digestion of anaerobic sludge helps in reducing more than 50% odor production, but freeze-thaw cycle experiment shows that in both anaerobic and sequential anaerobic â aerobic digested sludges have higher potential for odor production. Higher aerobic digestion SRTs (6 days and above) shows more potential of reducing odors, but more experimental work is required to be done.
Master of Science

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Choinière, Denis. "Zeolite in pig diet : effect on growth performance and air quality". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0028/MQ50736.pdf.

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Davis, Shane Brian. "A New qPCR Assay to Detect Geosmin-Producing Cyanobacteria". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7756.

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Taste-and-odor (T&O) compounds are frequently produced by cyanobacterial blooms in bodies of water. Geosmin, perhaps the most common T&O compound produced by these blooms, is not effectively removed by conventional water treatment processes and frequently causes the tap water to have an off flavor. Although geosmin is not harmful when ingested, it damages the consumers' confidence in the cleanliness of their water. There are treatment options for geosmin removal, but the most common methods are often not implemented until complaints are made by consumers.There has been an increasing amount of research on the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods that can detect the presence of the geosmin synthase gene which is responsible for the production of geosmin. If the geosmin synthase gene is found to be present in an emerging cyanobacterial bloom, water treatment facilities can prepare in advance to treat for geosmin. In this study, we developed a qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction) assay that can detect the presence of the geosmin synthase gene in several species of cyanobacteria within the Anabaena genus. We tested our assay, as well as PCR assays designed by Giglio et al. (2008) and Suurnäkki et al. (2015) on extracted Anabaena flos-aquae DNA, biosynthesized Anabaena ucrainica DNA and DNA extracted from environmental samples of Deer Creek Reservoir, Strawberry Reservoir, and Utah Lake. It is important to note that the geosmin gene was not confirmed to be present in any of the environmental samples nor in the Anabaena flos-aquae DNA and our assay did not test positive on these samples. Our qPCR assay was very successful when used with the biosynthesized Anabaena ucrainica DNA. We used the results to estimate a DNA standard curve that can be used to estimate the starting concentration of the geosmin synthase gene. Because our assay was not successfully used with any extracted DNA, further testing and calibration may be necessary to produce a DNA standard curve that is representative of DNA that is extracted. Further calibration of the DNA standard curve was not done because there were no geosmin events during the course of the research.Development of PCR-based methods of detecting geosmin-producing cyanobacteria requires genetic sequencing information of the target-organisms. Thus, further development of PCR-based methods requires that the local geosmin-producers be identified and sequenced. Our assay as well as the assay designed by Moore (2019) can assist with the identification of these species by classifying their genus.

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Libros sobre el tema "Odor quality"

Flavor: Practical guides for beer quality. St. Paul, MN: American Society of Brewing Chemists, 2014.

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Kośmider, Joanna. Sensoryczne metody oceny zapachowej jakości powietrza i skuteczności dezodoryzacji. Szczecin: Wydawn. Uczelniane Politechniki Szczecińskiej, 1991.

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Adams, Gregory A. Identifying and controlling odor in the municipal wastewater environment Phase II: Impacts of in-plant parameters on biosolids odor quality. Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Federation, 2003.

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Wajon, J. E. The occurrence and control of swampy odour in the water supply of Perth, Western Australia: A report. Bentley, W.A: Western Australian Institute of Technology, 1985.

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Mueller, David K. Limnological characteristics, nutrient loading and limitation, and potential sources of taste and odor problems in Standley Lake Colorado. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1993.

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L, Graham Jennifer, Geological Survey (U.S.) y Houston (Tex ), eds. Relations between hydrology, water quality, and taste-and-odor causing organisms and compounds in Lake Houston, Texas, April 2006-September 2008. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2011.

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New Zealand. Ministry for the Environment. Good practice guide for assessing and managing odour in New Zealand. Wellington, N.Z: Ministry for the Environment, 2003.

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Kostyrko, Krystyna. Pomiary zapachów i odczuwalnej jakości powietrza w pomieszczeniach: Measurements of odours and perceived indoor air quality in buildings. Warszawa: Instytut Techniki Budowlanej, 2012.

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Zerroug, A. Air quality in buildings : moisture and odour effect. Manchester: UMIST, 1989.

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Institution, British Standards. Air quality: Determination of odour concentration by dynamic olfactometry. London: British Standards Institution, 1999.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Odor quality"

Burdack-Freitag, Andrea, Anja Heinlein y Florian Mayer. "Material Odor Emissions and Indoor Air Quality". En Springer Handbook of Odor, 65–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26932-0_26.

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Nishida, K., K. Ohtsuka, K. Sasaki, M. Yamakawa y Y. Kita. "Experimental Studies on the Odor of Cigarette Smoke". En Indoor Air Quality, 424–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83904-7_50.

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Rospars, Jean-Pierre, Petr Lánskỳ y Jean-Claude Fort. "Modelling Odor Intensity and Odor Quality Coding in Olfactory Systems". En Neurobiology, 217–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5899-6_18.

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Liu, Chuanjun y Kenshi Hayashi. "Odor Sensing Technologies for Visualization of Odor Quality and Space". En Smart Sensors and Systems, 191–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14711-6_9.

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Tamura, H., Y. Fukuda y A. Padrayuttawat. "Characterization of Citrus Aroma Quality by Odor Threshold Values". En ACS Symposium Series, 282–94. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1996-0637.ch027.

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Schoenauer, Sebastian, Johannes Polster y Peter Schieberle. "Influence of Structural Modification and Chirality on the Odor Potency and Odor Quality of Thiols". En ACS Symposium Series, 135–46. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2015-1212.ch010.

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Seedorf, Jens. "Controlling the internal concentrations of gases and odor within and emissions from animal buildings". En Air Quality and Livestock Farming, 227–64. Boca Raton : CRC Press/Balkema, 2018. | Series: Sustainable energy developments ; Volume 15: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315738338-16.

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Chee-Ruiter, Christine W. J. y James M. Bower. "Representing Odor Quality Space: a Perceptual Framework for Olfactory Processing". En Computational Neuroscience, 591–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4831-7_98.

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Medjkoune, Massissilia, Sébastien Harispe, Jacky Montmain, Stéphane Cariou, Jean-Louis Fanlo y Nicolas Fiorini. "Towards a Non-oriented Approach for the Evaluation of Odor Quality". En Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, 238–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40596-4_21.

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Srinath, Raghunandan, Jayavrinda Vrindavanam, Rahul Rajendrakumar Budyal, Y. R. Sumukh, L. Yashaswini y Sangeetha S. Chegaraddi. "Odor and Air Quality Detection and Mapping in a Dynamic Environment". En Innovations in Computer Science and Engineering, 403–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4543-0_43.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Odor quality"

Richard R Stowell, Chris G Henry, Rick K Koelsch y Dennis D Schulte. "Association of Odor Measures with Annoyance: An Odor-Monitoring Field Study". En International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23893.

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N Akdeniz, L D Jacobson, B P Hetchler, S D Bereznicki, A J Heber, R B Jacko, K Y Heathcote et al. "Odor and Odorous Chemical Emissions from Animal Buildings: Part 2- Odor Emissions". En International Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management for Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 13-16 September 2010, Dallas, Texas. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32639.

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Kroupi, Eleni, Dionisije Sopic y Touradj Ebrahimi. "Non-linear EEG features for odor pleasantness recognition". En 2014 Sixth International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/qomex.2014.6982311.

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Christopher G Henry, Peter J Watts y Peter J Nicholas. "A Feedlot Pond Odor Emission Model". En International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23888.

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Christopher G Henry, Peter C D'Abreton, Robin J Ormerod, Geordie Galvin, Steve J Hoff, Larry D Jacobsen, Dennis D Schulte y Dave P Billesbach. "Ground Truthing CALPUFF and AERMOD for Odor Dispersion from Swine Barns using Ambient Odor Assessment Techniques". En International Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management for Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 13-16 September 2010, Dallas, Texas. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32643.

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André J.A Aarnink, Phung Dinh Le y Martin Verstegen. "Nutrition affects odor emission from pig manure". En International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23856.

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Melissa J Halverson, David D Jones y Dennis D Schulte. "A Knowledge-Based Model to Assess Odor Annoyance". En International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23889.

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John A McEnery, Clifford B Fedler y James M Gregory. "Modeling Odor Dispersion from Internal Boundary Layer Process". En International Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management for Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 13-16 September 2010, Dallas, Texas. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32613.

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Shicheng Zhang, Lingshuang Cai, Jacek A Koziel, Steven J Hoff, Katie Y Heathcote, Larry Jacobson, Neslihan Akdeniz et al. "Odor and Odorous Chemical Emissions from Animal Buildings: Part 5 -Correlations between Odor Intensities and Chemical Concentrations (gc-ms/o)". En International Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management for Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 13-16 September 2010, Dallas, Texas. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32645.

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Utama, Ida Bagus Krishna Yoga, Akhmad Faqih y Benyamin Kusumoputro. "Three Mixture of Odor Classification using Convolutional Neural Network". En 2019 16th International Conference on Quality in Research (QIR): International Symposium on Electrical and Computer Engineering. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/qir.2019.8898255.

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Informes sobre el tema "Odor quality"

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-2006-0343-3045, nuisance odors from a neighboring printing facility-air quality evaluation at a label distributing company, Schreiner Label Tech, Southfield, Michigan. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, agosto de 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshheta200603433045.

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