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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Skill Biased Technological Change"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 10 de marzo de 2023

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Skill Biased Technological Change"

Anagnostopoulos, Alexis, Orhan Erem Atesagaoglu y Eva Carceles-Poveda. "Skill-biased technological change and homeownership". Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 37, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2013): 3012–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2013.08.007.

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Koch, Michael y Marcel Smolka. "Foreign ownership and skill-biased technological change". Journal of International Economics 118 (mayo de 2019): 84–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2019.01.017.

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Li, Tailong, Shiyuan Pan y Heng-fu Zou. "DIRECTED TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE: A KNOWLEDGE-BASED MODEL". Macroeconomic Dynamics 19, n.º 1 (24 de julio de 2013): 116–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100513000308.

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In a knowledge-based growth model where skilled workers are used in innovation and production, skill-biased technological change may lower average R&D productivity via an innovation possibilities frontier effect that eliminates scale effects. We show that skill-biased technological change increases the skill premium even if the elasticity of substitution between skilled and unskilled workers is less than two. Trade between developed countries promotes skill-biased technological change, thus raising wage inequality. Trade between developed and developing countries has differing effects: it induces relatively skill-replacing technological change and lowers wage inequality in the developed country but has the opposite effects in the developing country. Finally, we show that trade can stimulate or hurt economic growth.

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Berman, Eli, John Bound y Stephen Machin. "Implications of Skill-Biased Technological Change: International Evidence*". Quarterly Journal of Economics 113, n.º 4 (noviembre de 1998): 1245–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/003355398555892.

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Balleer, Almut y Thijs van Rens. "Skill-Biased Technological Change and the Business Cycle". Review of Economics and Statistics 95, n.º 4 (octubre de 2013): 1222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00326.

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Fadinger, Harald y Karin Mayr. "SKILL-BIASED TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, UNEMPLOYMENT, AND BRAIN DRAIN". Journal of the European Economic Association 12, n.º 2 (28 de enero de 2014): 397–431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeea.12049.

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CONTE, Andrea y Marco VIVARELLI. "IMPORTED SKILL-BIASED TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES". Developing Economies 49, n.º 1 (21 de febrero de 2011): 36–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1049.2010.00121.x.

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Zou, Wei, Lan Liu y Ziyin Zhuang. "Skill Premium, Biased Technological Change and Income Differences". China & World Economy 17, n.º 6 (13 de noviembre de 2009): 64–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-124x.2009.01174.x.

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Coelho, José. "Universal basic income and skill‑ biased technological change". Notas Económicas, n.º 51 (11 de diciembre de 2020): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-203x_51_6.

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In the last decades, income inequality has been on the rise in the U.S. The growing skill premium suggests the pivotal role of skill‑ biased technological change (SBTC) in promoting the observed increase in inequality levels. In this context, labor income tax structures have been central to the policy debate. We have developed an overlapping generations model to perform a welfare evaluation of Universal basic income (UBI) tax structures and verify how these interact with SBTC. I find that an UBI system would have improved social welfare in 2010 when compared to the existing tax system and determine that this result is primarily motivated by SBTC.

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Woods, Jeffrey G. "Pathways of Technological Change". International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 5, n.º 1 (enero de 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2014010101.

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While technological change benefits the U.S. service sector and the economy as a whole, the creation, design and production of innovations may favor highly-skilled over less-skilled workers. If skill-biased technical change creates more job vacancies for skilled, relative to less-skilled workers, less-skilled workers are at greater risk of becoming structurally unemployed. An epidemiological model is developed that describes the pathways to, and prevention of, structural unemployment (SU) of less-skilled workers. Less-skilled workers must protect themselves from being “infected” by the diffusion of skill-biased technical change in the service sector. They must choose to become “vaccinated” with “injections” of human capital to reduce the probability of contracting the “disease” of (SU) and to avoid permanently working in de-skilled jobs. By making less-skilled workers more productive, one can simultaneously improve the distribution of education and training, health and income inequality while providing the government more tax revenue.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Skill Biased Technological Change"

Knoblach, Michael. "Skill-Biased Technological Change, Endogenous Labor Supply, and the Skill Premium". Technische Universität Dresden, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34419.

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The evolution of the U.S. skill premium over the past century has been characterized by a U-shaped pattern. The previous literature has attributed this observation mainly to the existence of exogenous, unexpected technological shocks or changes in institutional factors. In contrast, this paper demonstrates that a U-shaped evolution of the skill premium can also be obtained using a simple two-sector growth model that comprises both variants of skill-biased technological change (SBTC): technological change (TC) that is favorable to high-skilled labor and capital-skill complementarity (CSC). Within this framework, we derive the conditions necessary to achieve a non-monotonic evolution of relative wages and analyze the dynamics of such a case. We show that in the short run for various parameter constellations an educational, a relative substitutability, and a factor intensity effect can induce a decrease in the skill premium despite moderate growth in the relative productivity of high-skilled labor. In the long run, as the difference in labor productivity increases, the skill premium also rises. To underpin our theoretical results, we conduct a comprehensive simulation study.

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Qian, Tiefeng. "Macro Economics Essays on Technological Change". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/48965.

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The essay consists of three chapters. In chapter 1, I find that wages in U.S. regions have been diverging instead of converging from 1975 onward. This coincides with the period of accelerating skill-biased technological change. A decomposition of the divergence rate indicates three channels underlying the divergence: (1) an ever-widening wage gap between college graduates and high school graduates, (2) an increasing within-education group wage differential across regions, and (3) a concentration of skill composition across local labor markets. I then developed an endogenous skill-biased technology adoption model in which firms invest capital more intensively in regions with higher employment share of college graduates, explaining these three channels jointly. Finally I quantitatively assess the model by separately calibrating the regional aggregate production function; the results show that the relative skilled-labor efficiency has been persistently higher in skill-abundant regions, nevertheless the countrywide skill-biased technological change, is the main force making divergence happening. Chapter 2 studies energy-saving technological change in U.S. manufacturing sector, whose intensive margin and extensive margins are identified. I find that energy and capital are mostly complementary to each other, while labor is substitutive to energy-capital composite. However, a Cobb-Douglas nesting of labor is rejected. Quantitative exercise shows that in the post-crisis period, within in industry energy-saving technological change accounts for the largest proportion of the aggregate sectoral energy efficiency promotion in the long run. In contrast, in the short run, factor adjustment combined with sectoral shift accounts for the largest proportion of energy intensity reduction. Lastly, I provide evidence that structural change has taken place around the oil crisis in 1970s, which is consistent with the existing literature. In chapter 3, I documented the increasing dispersion of skill composition across different areas in the U.S. Meanwhile, the U.S. Housing Market has experienced a dramatic increase in the housing price, as well as a similarly increase in its dispersion across metropolitan areas. A set of related stylized facts are documented in this paper. First, the real wage goes similarly as real housing prices, but quantitatively different. Second, the rents and housing prices have not been going in the exactly same way, in terms of first two moments. Third, we find that local income inequality is positively correlated to the local housing price level. Based on these observations, we build a model where a dispersed skill-biased technology change can account for all the phenomena at the same time.
Ph. D.

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Nam, Choong Hyun. "Overhead labour and skill-biased technological change : the role of product diversification". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/74196/.

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Most of the literature on skill-biased technological change views both skilled and unskilled labour as variable inputs. In contrast, this study focuses on the role of skilled workers comprising overhead labour in the recent increase in skill demand. The fi�rst chapter focuses on the aggregate shift in skill demand, while succeeding chapters focus on the heterogeneity of this demand across �rms. In the fi�rst chapter, I argue that the transition from Ford-style mass production toward mass customization in the 1980s may be responsible for the increase in skill demand since introducing new goods requires fi�xed labour input, which is biased towards skilled workers. I present a dynamic general equilibrium model, which explains both the rapid growth in skill demand since the 1980s and the recent puzzling slowdown since the late 1990s. However, as the ratio of fi�xed to variable inputs cannot increase inde�nfinitely, my model also predicts that the growth in skill demand will slow down in the long run. In the second chapter, using UK manufacturing data, I show that the employment share of non-production workers is positively correlated with �rm size but negatively correlated with the latter over time. I argue that this serves as evidence for the existence of (partially) �xed skilled labour, with the premise being that �rms with larger �xed input are both larger in size and have a higher share of non-production workers. However, short-run output expansion only increases variable labour, and therefore it decreases the employment share of non-production workers. In the third chapter, I present a second piece of evidence in support of the main thesis of this dissertation. I show that exiting �rms as well as entering �rms have a higher share of non-production workers in UK manufacturing industries. This phenomenon is rather puzzling as exiting �firms have lower labour productivity, but nevertheless the �finding presents itself as being consistent with the contention of this study that skilled workers constitute an overhead labour input.

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Goel, Manisha. "Trade and Technological Change: Interplay and Impact on the Labor Market". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338319352.

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Richter, Barbara. "Essays on the skill premium and the skill bias of technological change". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/756/.

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Using a two-sector model of production with potentially different capital shares in each sector, I show that the evolution of the skill premium from 1970 to 2005 is consistent with skill-neutrality and even a mild unskill-bias of technological change for plausible values of capital shares. The main channel of adjustment to changes in labor supply is instead via the reallocation of capital. New investment occurs predominantly in the skilled sector, to the detriment of the unskilled sector of the economy. This result is shown both theoretically in a simple model and in a quantitative exercise using data on the US economy. Repeating the exercise with industry level data for the US reveals that there has indeed been skill-biased technological change in a number of industries (such as Business Activities and Health), while others have experienced skill neutral and unskill-biased technological change (e.g. Agriculture). This difference in results across industries is largely due to very different capital shares. Finally, I look at the impact of the increasing importance of information and communication technology (ICT) on the production function and the skill premium in each industry. I estimate a translog price function with skilled and unskilled labor, ICT capital and non-ICT capital as factors of production and ﬁnd that most industries exhibit ICT capital-skill complementarity. For most industries, technological progress has led to an increased use of both types of capital, but the results on skill-biased technological change are as mixed as in chapter two. ICT has affected the skill premium negatively in nearly two thirds of the industries studied.

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CIASCHINI, CLIO. "Skill biased technological change and process innovation in QUEST III with R&D: Policy Simulations for "Industria 4.0"". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/252911.

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Nella tesi si vogliono quantificare gli effetti dei provvedimenti governativi che vanno sotto il nome di “Piano Nazionale Industria 4.0:Acquisizione di Competenze e Investimenti Innovativi” sulla crescita economica attraverso la simulazione degli scenari di politica sul modello QUEST III-Italia modificato con la introduzione di equazioni che consentano di trattare il fenomeno dello “Skilled Biased Technical Change” (SBTC) e “innovazione di processo.” Il primo obiettivo viene raggiunto endogenizzando le quote di lavoratori occupati. La relazione ipotizzata è tale per cui la quota dei superstar workers e la quota dei non routinized skilled workers dipenda con una relazione logistica, e quindi crescente, dalle nuove idee. Al contrario, i routinized skilled workers costituiranno la categoria residuale e che quindi diminuisce all’aumentare delle nuove tecnologie. Questa categoria residuale è stata introdotta al fine di modellare la sostituibilità tra routinized skilled workers e tecnologie. Il secondo obiettivo viene raggiunto modellizzando la produttività del capitale fisico legata agli spillover delle nuove idee. La quota di nuove idee non coperta da brevetto, porta, attraverso gli spillover, ad una produttività totale del capitale fisico, maggiore del costo di acquisto del capitale fisico stesso. Tale produttività, influenza gli investimenti nell’equazione di accumulazione del capitale fisico, facendo sì che il valore del capitale fisico sia maggiore del suo costo d’acquisto. I principali risultati tratteggiano un contesto economico italiano di crescita seppur non sostenuta, e tale da allontanare l’Italia dal rischio di crescita zero. Il processo di crescita endogena esplica interamente il suo effetto solo nel lungo periodo, quando il capitale umano ha completato l’intero processo di formazione ed è effettivamente allocato nel settore di R&D e quando tutti gli effetti delle riforme governative hanno trovato attuazione. Dal lato dell’occupazione la crescita economica è frenata principalmente dalla mancanza di infrastrutture tali da sostenere il processo di formazione dei lavoratori previsto dal piano. Le nuove tecnologie non trovano terreno fertile dal lato delle competenze, e dal lato delle infrastrutture, con il risultato che questo potenziamento delle competenze porta solo nel lunghissimo periodo ad un aumento dell’occupazione altamente qualificata. Nel breve periodo le nuove tecnologie portano un insieme limitato di lavori low skilled complementari ad esse, che induce un aumento dell’occupazione low skilled, che decrementa a sua volta man mano che queste mansioni vengono automatizzate.
Abstract In this thesis, an attempt is made to evaluate the effects on growth of the National Plan Industria 4.0, the government set of policy measures articulated in two main policy frames known as Skill Achievements and Innovative Investments. The quantitative evaluation is performed through the simulation of policy scenarios within a modified version of the model QUEST III-Italy. Model changes have been implemented for enabling a more satisfactory treatment of the “Skill Biased Technical Change” (SBTC) and “Process Innovation”. The first aim is reached through the endogenization of the skill-shares of employed workers. In the relationship introduced the production of new ideas influences the share of superstar workers and the share of non-routinized skilled workers according a logistic relationship; while routinized skilled workers are allocated in a residual category that reduces as new technologies increase. This mechanism allows for the consideration of the substitutability between routinized skilled workers and technologies. The second aim has been reached modeling the spillover of the physical capital productivity. The share of new ideas not covered by patents is not included in the acquisition cost of physical capital, but provides, through spillovers, a total physical capital productivity higher than the acquisition cost of physical capital itself. This productivity affects investment in the physical capital accumulation equation, making the value of physical capital higher than its acquisition cost. The main results put in evidence a positive trend for the Italian economy so to move Italy out of the zero growth threat. The endogenous growth process entirely explicates its effect only in the long run when human capital has completed the education process and is really effective in R&D sector and when all the effects of government measures have been put in operation. From the employment point of view economic growth is reduced mainly by the lack of infrastructures to support the workers education process forecasted by the plan. New technologies can find their way both through the skills and through the infrastructures, with the result that this empowerment of skills leads to an increase in high skilled workers only in the very long run. In the short run new technologies will bring a limited set of other low skilled jobs, complementary to them, which induce to an increase in low skilled employment, which decreases when these skills will be digitalized.

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Karlsson, Mattias. "Labor income inequalities in Swedish municipalities 1991-2017 : A study on regional effects and possible origins". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi och statistik (NS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-86042.

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Income inequalities have become a matter of major concern following reports that the working class and lower middle class of developed economies have income levels that are falling behind. Few studies have been conducted on the regional level even though this perspective might better capture the development of income inequalities, since national averages might hide local differences. This study uses panel data for 286 Swedish municipalities in between 1991-2017 and fixed effect regressions, to examine if the theory of a skill-biased technological change could be used to explain resent developments. We find an labor income divergence for Swedish municipalities within the studied time period. The share of high skilled workers is found to be a good predictor of the growth in regional labor income inequalities, while an ageing population of the regions falling behind counteracts the growth of inequality, possibly leading to an underestimation of the size of regional labor income divergence. These results are in support of a skill-biased technological change at work and a job polarization transforming regional labor markets and regional societies. We conclude that adopting a regional perspective in the analysis and development of future economic growth policies is necessary to ensure long term economic growth, equality of opportunity and social cohesion.

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Said, Rusmawati. "Effects of skill biased technological change (SBTC) and trade on the relative demand for labour : a case study in Malaysia during 1983-1999". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2008. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55721/.

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This thesis is concerned with the two main causes of wage inequality in the Malaysian labour market during the period 1983--1999. These are the impact of changes in trade patterns and technological change. These two hypotheses have been well tested using the Heckscher-Ohlin and Samuelson (HOS) models following the pioneering work by Lawrence and Slaughter (1993), Haskel and Slaughter (1998--2002) and Wood (1994). This theoretical framework provides three methodologies to measure relative demand changes namely: a decomposition approach, a cost function approach and the use of earnings equations which can then be used to examine the significance of trade and technology in determining the changes. All of these are used in the study. The study has employed two sets of data. Firstly, we have used the five-digit aggregate data for the manufacturing sector between 1983--1999 to estimate the changes that take place between, and within, industries in the sector. The second set of data comprises micro-level data from the Household Income Survey (HIS) for several years during the period 1984 to 1997. As far as the different sets of data are concerned, at a macro-level we have divided labour groups into skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers. On the other hand, the skills measured in the micro-level data are based on the workers' levels of education though we have based these on similar levels of skill as in the macro analysis. The main finding of this thesis is that changes in the relative demand for labour favour semiskilled workers and that technological change is the main explanation for the changing pattern of employment in the Malaysian economy. The study also finds that changes in the pattern of trade have had only small effects in explaining the changes in the relative demand for labour. Notwithstanding this, this study finds a some support for the prediction of the basic HOS model in that trade can explain the changes in industry skill wage premia at higher levels of education. In addition, and not unexpectedly, trade is also found to increase the relative demand for production workers at low levels of education. Interestingly, the study also finds that technological change is more dominant in explaining changes in the relative demand for males whilst the effects of trade are most evident for female workers. Finally, the study also shows that changes in relative demand are most evident in terms of the way they affect employment rather than through changes in wage levels.

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Elitas, Zeynep. "Reassessing The Trends In The Relative Supply Of College-equivalent Workers In The U.s.: A Selection-correction Approach". Phd thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615741/index.pdf.

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Among better-educated employed workers, the fraction of full-time full-year (FTFY) workers is quite high and stable over time in the U.S. Among those with low education levels, however, this fraction is much lower and considerably more volatile. These observations suggest that the composition of unobserved skills is subject to sharp movements within low-educated employed workers, while the scale of these movements is potentially much smaller within high-educated ones. The standard college premium framework accounts for the observed shifts between education categories, but it cannot account for unobserved compositional changes within education categories. This thesis uses Heckman'
s two-step estimator on repeated Current Population Survey cross sections to calculate a relative supply series that corrects for unobserved compositional shifts due to selection in and out of the FTFY status. We find that the well-documented deceleration in the growth rate of relative supply of college-equivalent workers after mid-1980s becomes even more pronounced once we correct for selectivity. This casts further doubt on the relevance of the plain skill-biased technical change hypothesis. We conclude that what happens to the within-group skill composition for low-educated groups is critical for fully understanding the trends in the relative supply of college workers in the United States.

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SROUR, ILINA MOUSTAFA. "TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND EMPLOYMENT IN MIDDLE AND LOW INCOME COUNTRIES". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/4373.

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Negli anni ’80, paesi in via di sviluppo (DCs) e paesi meno sviluppati (PMS) hanno subito cambiamenti strutturali, muovendosi da politiche di sostituzione di importazione a strategie di liberalizzazione. Questi paesi hanno assistito ad una crescita dinamica risultata dall’aumento della produttività dovuto alla maggiore esposizione delle industrie locali alla concorrenza, dall'aumento delle importazioni tecnologiche incarnate in capitale e in beni intermedi, e ad una maggiore diffusione di conoscenze e informazioni. Questo lavoro esamina come liberalizzazione commerciale ed aggiornamento tecnologico abbiano influito sull’occupazione in paesi DCs e PMS, e studia il fenomeno del cambiamento tecnologico skill biased. Si esaminano il settore manifatturiero turco tra il 1980-2001 e quello etiope tra il 1996-2004. Questo studio, basato sul System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM-SYS), implementa un quadro dinamico di due equazioni che raffigurano tendenze occupazionali a livello enterprise per lavoratori qualificati e non qualificati. I risultati confermano l'aspettativa teorica che DCs e LDC affrontano fenomeni di skill-biased technological change e incrementano il potere d’importazione di tecnologia, aumentando il divario d’occupazione tra lavoratori qualificati e non qualificati. Tuttavia, le cause specifiche di skill-bias e la portata del loro effetto possono variare in base a diverse infrastrutture istituzionali e capacità nazionali.
In the 1980's developing countries (DCs) and least developed countries (LDCs) underwent structural changes, moving from import substitution policies to liberalization strategies. These countries witnessed a dynamic growth effect that emerges from productivity growth due to increased exposure of local industries to competition, increased technological imports embodied in capital and intermediate goods, and to the transfer of knowledge. This work looks into the employment impact of trade liberalization and technological upgrading in DCs and LDCs, and studies the phenomenon of skill biased technological change in those countries. It takes the case of the Turkish manufacturing sector for the period 1980 - 2001, and the case of the Ethiopian manufacturing sector for the period 1996 - 2004. It deploys System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM-SYS) procedure to this effect, implementing a two-equation dynamic framework that depicts enterprise-level employment trends separately for skilled and unskilled workers. The results confirm the theoretical expectation that DCs and LDCs face the phenomena of skill-biased technological change and skill-enhancing technology import, both leading to increasing the employment gap between skilled and unskilled workers. However, the specific determinants of skill bias and the size of their effect can differ due to diverse institutional infrastructures and national capabilities.

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Libros sobre el tema "Skill Biased Technological Change"

Berman, Eli. Implications of skill-biased technological change: International evidence. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997.

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Skill-biased technological change: Evidence from a firm-level survey. Kalamazoo, Mich: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 1999.

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Mocan, Naci H. Skill-biased technological change, earnings of unskilled workers, and crime. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011.

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Card, David E. Skill biased technological change and rising wage inequality: Some problems and puzzles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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Haskel, Jonathan. Does the sector bias of skill-biased technical change explain changing wage inequality. London: University of London, Queen Mary and Westfield College, Department of Economics, 1998.

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Haskel, Jonathan. Does the sector bias of skill-biased technical change explain changing wage inequality? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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Berman, Eli. Is skill-biased technological change here yet ? evidence from Indian manufacturing in the 1990. [Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2005.

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Beaudry, Paul. Changes in U.S. wages 1876-2000: Ongoing skill bias or major technological change? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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1963-, Vivarelli Marco, ed. One or many Kuznets curves?: Short and long run effects of the impact of skill-biased technological change on income inequality. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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Gallie, Duncan. Technological change, gender and skill. [London]: Economic and Social Research Council., 1990.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Skill Biased Technological Change"

Ginther, Donna K. "A Discussion of Skill-Biased Technological Change and Wage Inequality". En Technology, Growth, and the Labor Market, 161–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0325-5_8.

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Marouani, Mohamed A. y Björn Nilsson. "The Labor Market Effects of Skill-Biased Technological Change in Malaysia". En Internal Migration, Urbanization and Poverty in Asia: Dynamics and Interrelationships, 219–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1537-4_9.

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Violante, Giovanni L. "Skill-Biased Technical Change". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 12389–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_2388.

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Violante, Giovanni L. "Skill-Biased Technical Change". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–6. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_2388-1.

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Rousseau, Peter L. "Biased and Unbiased Technological Change". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 929–32. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_89.

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Kennedy, Charles. "Biased and Unbiased Technological Change". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–3. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_89-1.

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Rousseau, Peter L. "Biased and Unbiased Technological Change". En The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–4. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_89-2.

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Rousseau, Peter L. "biased and unbiased technological change". En Economic Growth, 5–8. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230280823_2.

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Nour, Samia Mohamed. "Assessment of Skill and Technology Indicators". En Technological Change and Skill Development in Sudan, 139–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32811-4_5.

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Abbott, Philip, Finn Tarp y Ce Wu. "Structural Transformation, Biased Technological Change and Employment in Vietnam". En Global Labour in Distress, Volume I, 313–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89258-6_16.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Skill Biased Technological Change"

Xu, Zhicheng, Jia Yan y Ping Zhang. "Does skill-biased technological change necessarily cause increase in wage inequality?" En 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5882119.

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Junwei, Liang y Wang Jie. "How Skill-Biased Technical Change Sustains China's Comparative Advantage". En 2014 2nd International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Humanities, and Management. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/asshm-14.2014.141.

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Bromley, Michael Bromley. "A socially-responsible educational response to routine-biased technological change in journalism Fostering employability among journalists in the United Kingdom". En Annual International Conference on Journalism & Mass Communications. Global science and Technology Forum (GSTF), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2301-3710_jmcomm15.60.

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Csugány, Julianna. "LABOUR MARKET TENDENCIES IN THE ERA OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION". En 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.s.p.2020.55.

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In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technological change is also transforming the labour market. Technological and structural unemployment is simultaneously present in the economy, as well as the labour shortage causes many problems for the firms. The labour market has to respond to both demographic and technological change, while workers’ expectations and workers’ preferences are transformed in the digital era. The biggest fear in the new technological era is related to robots, which generate the loss of jobs because they can substitute human resources in an efficient way. Technological changes typically threaten lower-skilled workers doing routine tasks, while the need for a high-skilled workforce combined with creativity is increasing. This asymmetry of training already appeared in the earlier industrial revolution, but nowadays digital literacy, as well as the technological knowledge necessary for the operation of machines and equipment, are becoming a basic skill, so new competence requirements are formulated for the employees. In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, not only robots cause problems in the global labour market, but also international trends that cause major transformation in both the supply and demand side of the labour market. Effective labour market adaptation to technological change can be the key to competitiveness in the new technological era. This research aims to provide a short analysis of the differences in the European labour market in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The labour demand and supply will be analysed in order to highlight the main tendencies related to the qualitative features of labour market in the new technological era.

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Walter, Sonja y Jeong-Dong Lee. "Human capital depreciation and job tasks". En Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13078.

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This research aims to investigate the link between human capital depreciation and job tasks, with an emphasis on potential differences between education levels. We estimate an extended Mincer equation based on Neumann and Weiss’s (1995) model using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel. The results show that human capital gained from higher education levels depreciates at a faster rate than other human capital. Moreover, the productivity-enhancing value of education diminishes faster in jobs with a high share of non-routine analytical, non-routine manual, and routine cognitive tasks. These jobs are characterized by more frequent changes in core-skill or technology-skill requirements. The key implication of this research is that education should focus on equipping workers with more general skills in all education levels. With ongoing technological advances, work environments, and with it, skill demands will change, increasing the importance to provide educational and lifelong learning policies to counteract the depreciation of skills. The study contributes by incorporating a task perspective based on the classification used in works on job polarization. This allows a comparison with studies on job obsolescence due to labor-replacing technologies and enables combined education and labor market policies to address the challenges imposed by the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

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O'Lawrence, Henry. "The Worforce for the 21st Century". En InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3655.

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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology] Aim/Purpose: In today’s changing economy, economic growth depends on career and technical programs for skill training. Background: This study discusses the key area in promoting individual learning and skill training and discusses the importance of career education and training as a way of promoting economic growth. Methodology: This study uses a qualitative study approach to investigate and report on the status and influence of Workforce Education and Development and its economic importance. Contribution: This report contributes to the knowledge base common to all work settings that can solve many human performance problems in the workplace. Findings: This study also justifies and validates the ideas on the importance of workforce education and development in the 21st century as a way of developing economic growth and providing learning to make individuals competitive in the global economy. Recommendations for Practitioners: For practitioners, this study suggests that we must always have discussions of what leads to career success and understanding that there is not enough high-skill/high-wage employment to go around. Therefore, developing these skills requires a decision about a career or related group of jobs to prepare to compete for them; we have to provide training needed in order to be competitive in global economy. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers have to develop strategies to promote career direction with willingness to evaluate the level of academic interest, level of career focus and readiness for life away from home (attitudes, skills and knowledge of self). Impact on Society: Institutions must regularly evaluate curriculum to reflect the rapid technological changes and the globalization of world markets that reflect their mission and develop students’ mindset to always think big and think outside the box in order to be competitive in the global market. Change is external, transition is internal. It is important that the change agent communicate both the reasons for change and the probable consequences that people will experience during the time of this change, which is transition – a change people go through when they become unemployed or face a major employment obstacle in their lives. Future Research: New research should focus on career assessment materials and related academic programs and career directions that will promote success.

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Yengin, Hülya. "Accreditation in Communication Faculties". En COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY CONGRESS. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17932/ctcspc.21/ctc21.014.

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Technological development changes the communication field in the global world. The global economy has created a global market in the global communication field within the scope of technological innovations. The global culture is impacting the global society with the new dimension the electronic mass media acquired. Global communication media and content have been transformed. This change and transformation change the individual and communal living forms, perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. Differentiation in the global communication field also transforms the communication education in the higher education. Departments of communication faculties are expected to train graduates with the knowledge, skill and competencies the industry seeks. Besides the state universities, new departments have been opened in addition to the current departments of foundation universities. In terms of the diploma of communication graduate to be recognized and accepted in the international arena at global level, the first studies was Bologna. The process is continuing with the studies of quality and accreditation in higher education. Evaluation and Accreditation Board for Communication Education (ILEDAK) was established within The Communication Research Association (ILAD) in 2016 in the communication education field. Departments of the communication faculties were started to become accredited since 2018. With the decision taken by the Council of Higher Education (YÖK), education was carried out online due to the pandemic in 2020. Within this context, accreditation studies were also carried out online. In this study, the effect of the global technology and the pandemic on communication education and accreditation studies are analyzed.

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Darie, Alexandru, Roxana Postelnicu y Cezar Scarlat. "THE IMPACT OF E-LEARNING ON THE FUTURE JOB MARKET – PREDICTING A NEW EDUCATIONAL TYPE OF LEARNING STYLE FOR THE NEXT GENERATIONS". En eLSE 2019. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-19-064.

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This paper aims to present a theoretical analysis of a new educational type of learning styles for next generations. We are in a new era of technological breakthrough regarding Artificial Intelligence and Robotics that will change the jobs as we know them and will create others. In the next decades, machines and robots are expected to perform more current tasks than humans and there will be a need of new skilled workers that could program, design and handle the Artificial Intelligence. What happens with the ones that will be left out ? It will be a critical issue for the business to take a proactive role in supporting their existing employees through reconverting to new areas of competencies and the educational institutes to create an environment that facilitates workforce transformation. The change in the educational paradigm should have two key components: soft skills and technical skills. Soft skills are the key abilities for the ones that will reconvert from jobs that will disappear and technical skills are key abilities for the jobs that aren't created yet. The best scenario is the combination of the two skill sets and the challenge to combine them in a new educational platform for students and reconverting education for adults and elders. The studies show us that we are not proactive on the issue of preparing the workforce that will fill the job market in the future. This article will review a series of predictions regarding jobs that will be created based on the digitization of old industries, new technological areas and a modern way of education.

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Kelsey, Karishma y Andrew J. Zaliwski. "Let’s Tell a Story Together". En InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3718.

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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Skills and Lifelong Learning (IJELL)] Aim/Purpose: The teaching solution presented in this paper was implemented to overcome the common problems encountered by authors during years of practice of applied business studies teaching. Background: In our school, we have deep multicultural environments where both teachers and students are coming from different countries and cultures. The typical problems encountered with students include: not reading the case studies, language problems, different backgrounds and cultures, a different understanding of leadership in teamwork related to various management traditions, lack of student participation, and engagement in teamwork. Methodology: The above problems were solved on the basis of the novelty use of several tools usually used separately: a combination of case studies with visualization and current representation of knowledge related to the case study. The visualization context is provided by “rich picture” (as a part of SSM methodology) to create a shared understanding among students. Another ingredient of the proposed solution is based on Pacific storytelling tradition and the Pacific methodology of solving problems. Contribution: It was suggested the new delivery model strengthening advantages of case studies. Findings Studies and surveys made from 2009 to the present are promising. There is a visible improvement in students’ grades and observed changes in students’ behavior toward more active in-class participation. Recommendations for Practitioners: This paper focuses on implementation and technical aspects of the presented method. However, the application of the presented method needs robust and time-consuming preparation of the teacher before the class. Recommendation for Researchers: The current results show that the proposed method has the potential to improve students’ experience in applied business courses. The project is ongoing and will undergo progressive changes while collecting new experiences. The method may be applied to other types of courses. By focusing on the storytelling and rich picture, we avoid technological bias when we teach business problem-solving. We focus instead on teaching students the social-organizational interactions influencing the problem solution. Impact on Society Implementing of cultural sensitivity into the teaching process. Making teaching process more attractive for multicultural students. Future Research: Reducing teacher overload when using the method presented by the development of computerized tools. This is undergoing through utilizing Unreal Engine. Also, it is planned to enhance our team by artists and designers related to computer games.

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Boonswasd, Porruthai y Kunio Shirahada. "Empowering Futures Literacy through a Knowledge-based Service Innovation Workshop". En 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002548.

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During stepping into an era of rapidly changing world and constantly disruption, companies need to generate new value to unlock opportunities and drive the growth (Lee et al., 2009). Innovation is a key initiative for competitive advantage as the main driver of economic growth (Lopez, 2012). Nevertheless, as the environment changes, regulations evolve, new technologies emerge, and even consumer behavior changes, businesses may not have a clear picture of how they will survive or succeed. Companies should increase individuals' futures literacy capacities in order to strengthen firms' sensing dynamic capabilities (Rhisiart et al., 2015). UNESCO has addressed the urgent need to enhance people's capacities and skills by empowering everyone to better use the future to prepare for potential crises or overcome major challenges (UNESCO, 2021). However, there is no established approach for developing these competencies in service innovation. Therefore, we aim to enhance individuals ability by cultivating future literacy, which is a basis of human skill for future service design (Bell, 2009; Miller, 2018).Kononiuk et al. (2021) stated a future study by providing tools to facilitate futures thinking, including trend and scenario analysis. Rohrbeck (2011) listed future-oriented capabilities as the ability to gather external data, and apply creativity to find opportunities and take risks. Therefore, we believe that the global and business scanning, such as megatrend, technology trends or research direction through intellectual property, will be an essential part of enhancing future literacy. Technology trends alone usually cannot cover all organizational scenarios (Lee, 2013). Predicting the future requires not just recognizing and assessing opportunities, but also taking into account potential risks (Morris et al., 2013; Dannenberg and Grapentin, 2016; Haarhaus & Liening, 2020). In addition to considering the potential and impacts of technology breakthroughs, the climate change also influences business and financial decisions (TCFD, 2021). Unexpected business losses may caused by climate-related economic costs, such as rising global temperatures or natural disasters. Firms will be better able to take responsibility and foresight if they are aware of the challenges (TCFD, 2020). Based on the background, we developed knowledge-based service innovation workshop. We have presented megatrend, technology trends and relevant patent information to demonstrate the likelihood of technological advancement. As a reference for comprehending possible scenarios, we also present probable climate-related economic costs. Then, leveraging the future vision as a starting point to generate innovative ideas.This paper discusses the success of promoting future literacy for corporate innovation with the knowledge-based service innovation workshop. We conducted an idea generating workshop for employees at various levels to help them in developing innovative ideas for both internal and external environments. We developed our brainstorming workshop in conjunction with providing of megatrend, technology trends, business-related intellectual property, and trustworthy climate-related financial information. It also considers employee feedback on how to motivate creativity through the provision of future opportunities. The outcomes of this study will contribute to the enhance human resource competencies in order to cope with the future, which will lead to sustainable service innovation development.

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Informes sobre el tema "Skill Biased Technological Change"

Berman, Eli, John Bound y Stephen Machin. Implications of Skill-Biased Technological Change: International Evidence. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, septiembre de 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6166.

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Mocan, Naci y Bulent Unel. Skill-biased Technological Change, Earnings of Unskilled Workers, and Crime. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, noviembre de 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17605.

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Card, David y John DiNardo. Skill Biased Technological Change and Rising Wage Inequality: Some Problems and Puzzles. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, febrero de 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8769.

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Cascio, Elizabeth y Ayushi Narayan. Who Needs a Fracking Education? The Educational Response to Low-Skill Biased Technological Change. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, julio de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21359.

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Beaudry, Paul y David Green. Changes in U.S. Wages 1976-2000: Ongoing Skill Bias or Major Technological Change? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, febrero de 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8787.

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Buera, Francisco, Joseph Kaboski y Richard Rogerson. Skill Biased Structural Change. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, mayo de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21165.

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Rubinton, Hannah. The Geography of Business Dynamism and Skill Biased Technical Change. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2020.020.

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Bartel, Ann y Nachum Sicherman. Technological Change and the Skill Acquisition of Young Workers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, mayo de 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5107.

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Hershbein, Brad y Lisa Kahn. Do Recessions Accelerate Routine-Biased Technological Change? Evidence from Vacancy Postings. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, octubre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22762.

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Hershbein, Brad y Lisa B. Kahn. Do Recessions Accelerate Routine-Biased Technological Change? Evidence from Vacancy Postings. W.E. Upjohn Institute, marzo de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/wp16-254.

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