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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Surface markers of neutrophils"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 1 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Surface markers of neutrophils"

Kuijpers, TW, AT Tool, CE van der Schoot, LA Ginsel, JJ Onderwater, D. Roos y AJ Verhoeven. "Membrane surface antigen expression on neutrophils: a reappraisal of the use of surface markers for neutrophil activation". Blood 78, n.º 4 (15 de agosto de 1991): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v78.4.1105.1105.

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Abstract Neutrophil research relies largely on studies with highly purified cells. Yet the isolation procedures induce changes in surface expression of several proteins. We used a large panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to characterize in detail the phenotypic changes during isolation and stimulation of human neutrophils. Centrifugation on density gradients appears to be the crucial step that causes an increase in expression of antigens not detectable on neutrophils in whole blood samples (cytochrome b558 recognized by MoAb 7D5; and CD10) or expressed at significantly lower levels (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD13, CD16, CD45, and CD67). Other antigens were unaffected by the density gradient centrifugation step (CD32, CD54, CD58, Leu-8, HLA class I). Upregulation of antigens was also determined by stimulation of purified neutrophils. Upregulation of CD63 was an excellent marker for release from azurophil granules. We subsequently related the surface antigen expression to functional activities of purified neutrophils. From these experiments, we concluded that 7D5-as “early activation” marker--does not necessarily discriminate between primed or resting neutrophils with respect to NADPH oxidase activity.

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Neutrophil research relies largely on studies with highly purified cells. Yet the isolation procedures induce changes in surface expression of several proteins. We used a large panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to characterize in detail the phenotypic changes during isolation and stimulation of human neutrophils. Centrifugation on density gradients appears to be the crucial step that causes an increase in expression of antigens not detectable on neutrophils in whole blood samples (cytochrome b558 recognized by MoAb 7D5; and CD10) or expressed at significantly lower levels (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD13, CD16, CD45, and CD67). Other antigens were unaffected by the density gradient centrifugation step (CD32, CD54, CD58, Leu-8, HLA class I). Upregulation of antigens was also determined by stimulation of purified neutrophils. Upregulation of CD63 was an excellent marker for release from azurophil granules. We subsequently related the surface antigen expression to functional activities of purified neutrophils. From these experiments, we concluded that 7D5-as “early activation” marker--does not necessarily discriminate between primed or resting neutrophils with respect to NADPH oxidase activity.

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Glasser, L. y RL Fiederlein. "Functional differentiation of normal human neutrophils". Blood 69, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 1987): 937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v69.3.937.bloodjournal693937.

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In the past differentiation of human neutrophils has been defined by morphology, cytochemistry, or surface markers. In our experiments we have sequenced the various events that occur during the functional differentiation of the normal human neutrophil and have also examined some of the functional properties in relationship to surface markers and biochemical events. Granulocytes were obtained from the bone marrow and blood of hematologically normal individuals. Cells were separated into different stages of maturation by their physical properties using counterflow centrifugal elutriation and density gradient separation. Three cell fractions were obtained that were enriched for either immature myeloid cells, band neutrophils, or segmented neutrophils. Since the enriched fractions were not entirely pure, methodologies for functional assays were chosen that allowed cytologic evaluation of the functional capacity of each cell type. The criteria used to classify the stages of differentiation included both morphology by light microscopy and DNA labeling with tritiated thymidine. Various neutrophilic properties were studied: Fc receptors, complement receptors (CR1, CR3), phagocytosis of both live and dead opsonized Staphylococcus aureus, microbial killing of S aureus, NBT dye reduction after cellular stimulation with endotoxin, and chemotaxis. Our results indicate that the functional properties of the neutrophil appear in a distinct order. The sequence for the functional differentiation of the human neutrophil appears to be the following: Fc receptors----immune phagocytosis----complement receptors----oxygen-independent microbial killing----oxygen-dependent microbial killing----chemotaxis.

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Luthfi, Muhammad y Tuti Kusumaningsih. "Salivary neutrophils isolation of severe early childhood caries patients with flow cytometry analysis using magnetic beads and CD177 marker". Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 49, n.º 1 (5 de diciembre de 2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v49.i1.p32-36.

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Background: Neutrophils are the first line of defense, not only serving as he killer of microbes through phagocytosis process, in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) and anti-microbial peptides were released, but also regulating activation of immune response. CD177 is a tidylinositol glycosylphosphate glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 58- 64-kDa exclusively found on neutrophils, neutrophilic metamyelocytes, and mielosit. CD177 expression, a protein on the cell surface with an average size ranging from 45% to 65%, is only found on subpopulations of neutrophils. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effects of salivary neutrophil isolation using magnetic beads and CD177 marker on S-ECC patients. Method: The study is an observational analytic research with cross sectional approach using flow cytometry analysis on the S-ECC patients and the caries-free children who were asked to use mouthwash, NaCl 1.5%. For the isolation of neutrophils, magnetic beads labeled with FITC funds and CD177+ marker were used. Result: There were 77.66% of salivary neutrophils expressing CD177+ markers, successfully isolated in the S-ECC patients, while in the caries-free children there were 63.67% of salivary neutrophils. Conclusion: In the S-ECC patients, there were 77.66% of salivary neutrophils expressing CD177markers, successfully isolated, while in the caries-free children there were 63.67% of salivary neutrophils.

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Glasser, L. y RL Fiederlein. "Functional differentiation of normal human neutrophils". Blood 69, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 1987): 937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v69.3.937.937.

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Abstract In the past differentiation of human neutrophils has been defined by morphology, cytochemistry, or surface markers. In our experiments we have sequenced the various events that occur during the functional differentiation of the normal human neutrophil and have also examined some of the functional properties in relationship to surface markers and biochemical events. Granulocytes were obtained from the bone marrow and blood of hematologically normal individuals. Cells were separated into different stages of maturation by their physical properties using counterflow centrifugal elutriation and density gradient separation. Three cell fractions were obtained that were enriched for either immature myeloid cells, band neutrophils, or segmented neutrophils. Since the enriched fractions were not entirely pure, methodologies for functional assays were chosen that allowed cytologic evaluation of the functional capacity of each cell type. The criteria used to classify the stages of differentiation included both morphology by light microscopy and DNA labeling with tritiated thymidine. Various neutrophilic properties were studied: Fc receptors, complement receptors (CR1, CR3), phagocytosis of both live and dead opsonized Staphylococcus aureus, microbial killing of S aureus, NBT dye reduction after cellular stimulation with endotoxin, and chemotaxis. Our results indicate that the functional properties of the neutrophil appear in a distinct order. The sequence for the functional differentiation of the human neutrophil appears to be the following: Fc receptors----immune phagocytosis----complement receptors----oxygen-independent microbial killing----oxygen-dependent microbial killing----chemotaxis.

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Giese, Morgan A., Laurel E. Hind y Anna Huttenlocher. "Neutrophil plasticity in the tumor microenvironment". Blood 133, n.º 20 (16 de mayo de 2019): 2159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-11-844548.

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Abstract Neutrophils act as the body’s first line of defense against infection and respond to diverse inflammatory cues, including cancer. Neutrophils display plasticity, with the ability to adapt their function in different inflammatory contexts. In the tumor microenvironment, neutrophils have varied functions and have been classified using different terms, including N1/N2 neutrophils, tumor-associated neutrophils, and polymorphonuclear neutrophil myeloid–derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs). These populations of neutrophils are primarily defined by their functional phenotype, because few specific cell surface markers have been identified. In this review, we will discuss neutrophil polarization and plasticity and the function of proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory and protumor/antitumor neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment. We will also discuss how neutrophils with the ability to suppress T-cell activation, referred to by some as PMN-MDSCs, fit into this paradigm.

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Grebenchikov, O. A., I. S. Kasatkina, K. K. Kadantseva, M. A. Meshkov y A. A. Bayeva. "The Effect of Lithium Chloride on Neutrophil Activation on Exposure to Serum of Patients with Septic Shock". General Reanimatology 16, n.º 5 (6 de noviembre de 2020): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2020-5-45-55.

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The aim of the study: to examine the anti-inflammatory effect of lithium chloride by exposing the human neutrophils to serum of patients with septic shock in vitro.Material and methods. The study was carried out on neutrophils extracted from the blood of 6 healthy donors, which were activated with serum from patients with septic shock. The neutrophil activity was evaluated with fluorescent antibodies to the CD11b and CD66b markers of degranulation. The level of human neutrophil apoptosis and necrosis was assessed 22 hours after extraction; quantitative assessment was made using annexin V and propidium iodide with flow cytofluorimetry. Intact and activated neutrophils were treated with 0.3, 3.0 and 9.0 mmol lithium chloride solution.Results. The level of CD11b expression on the surface of intact neutrophils (healthy donors) was 3434.50 [3311.0-3799.0] arbitrary fluorescence units (AFU). Incubation of neutrophils with serum of patients with septic shock increased CD11b expression 2.5 times to 8589.0 [7279.0-11258.0] AFU (P=0.005) vs intact leukocytes, and increased CD66b expression 2.7 times up to 27 600.0 [22 999.0-28 989.0] AFU ((P=0.005) vs intact neutrophils. Lithium chloride in concentrations of 0.3, 3.0 and 9.0 mmol in a dose-dependent manner reduced the level of expression of CD11b and CD66b molecules on the surface of activated neutrophils. Septic serum reduced spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis, and 3.0 mmol and higher lithium chloride solution induced spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis.Conclusion. Lithium chloride reduces the activation of neutrophils preactivated by serum of patients with septic shock, reduces expression of CD11b and CD66b molecules on the neutrophil surface, inhibiting the process of their activation (degranulation). Lithium chloride in concentration of 3.0 mmol and higher is able to induce spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils activated by serum of patients with septic shock.

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Mattsson, Eva, Terese Persson, Pia Andersson, Jan Rollof y Arne Egesten. "Peptidoglycan Induces Mobilization of the Surface Marker for Activation Marker CD66b in Human Neutrophils but Not in Eosinophils". Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 10, n.º 3 (mayo de 2003): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.10.3.485-488.2003.

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ABSTRACT Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus mobilized CD66b in human neutrophils but did not upregulate surface activation markers in eosinophils. In addition, Toll-like receptor 2, implicated in the recognition of peptidoglycan, was detected on the surface of resting neutrophils but not on eosinophils. These findings suggest roles for neutrophils but not eosinophils in innate recognition of peptidoglycan.

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Choi, Kyoung-Seong, Justin Garyu, Jinho Park y J. Stephen Dumler. "Diminished Adhesion of Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Neutrophils to Endothelial Cells Is Associated with Reduced Expression of Leukocyte Surface Selectin". Infection and Immunity 71, n.º 8 (agosto de 2003): 4586–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.8.4586-4594.2003.

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ABSTRACT Anaplasma phagocytophilum propagates within neutrophils and causes a disease marked by inflammatory tissue injury or complicated by opportunistic infections. We hypothesized that infection with A. phagocytophilum modifies the binding of neutrophils to endothelial cells and the expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules and studied these changes in vitro. Infected dimethyl sulfoxide-differentiated HL-60 cells and neutrophils showed reduced binding to cultured brain and systemic endothelial cells and lost expression of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1, CD162) and L-selectin (CD62L) (to 33 and 5% of control values, respectively), at a time when the levels of β2 integrin and immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules and activation markers Mac-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 increased (5 to 10 times that of the control). The loss of CD162 and CD62L expression was inhibited by EDTA, which suggests that neutrophil activation and sheddase cleavage occurred. The loss of selectin expression and the retained viability of the neutrophils persisted for at least 18 h with A. phagocytophilum infection, whereas Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus rapidly killed neutrophils. The adhesion defect might increase the numbers of infected cells and their persistence in the blood prior to tick bites. However, decreased CD162 expression and poor endothelial cell binding may partly explain impaired host defenses, while simultaneous neutrophil activation may aggravate inflammation. These observations may help us to understand the modified biological responses, host inflammation, and immune response that occur with A. phagocytophilum infections.

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Elsner, J., R. Hochstetter, K. Spiekermann y A. Kapp. "Surface and mRNA expression of the CD52 antigen by human eosinophils but not by neutrophils". Blood 88, n.º 12 (15 de diciembre de 1996): 4684–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v88.12.4684.bloodjournal88124684.

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Eosinophilic and neutrophilic granulocytes represent major effector cells in the inflammatory response. Whereas neutrophils are predominantly involved in bacterial infections, eosinophils are of essential importance in the allergic inflammation. Surface markers have been used to distinguish neutrophils (CD16+) from eosinophils (CD16-) and might indicate different functional properties of these cells. In this study, expression and functional activity of CD52 on human eosinophils and neutrophils was investigated in nonatopic healthy donors and from patients with hypereosinophilia. Flow cytometric analysis using different anti-CD52 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) (mouse IgG3, humanized IgG1, and rat IgM) showed significant and homogeneous expression of CD52 on human eosinophils, but not on neutrophils. In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot analysis showed that CD52 mRNA was constitutively expressed in eosinophils but not in neutrophils. Furthermore, expression of CD52 could be diminished in a dose-dependent manner by preincubation of eosinophils with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, suggesting that CD52 on eosinophils is anchored to the membrane through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) molecule. Whereas the phorbolester phorbol myristate acetate was able to downregulate the expression of CD52 on eosinophils in a dose-dependent manner, different eosinophil activating cytokines and chemotaxins had no effect. Cross-linking of CD52 by mouse anti-CD52 MoAb (IgG3) and humanized anti-CD52 MoAb (IgG1) with goat antimouse antibody and mouse antihuman antibody, respectively, dose-dependently resulted in an inhibition of reactive oxygen species production of eosinophils after stimulation with C5a, platelet-activating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. In summary, this study shows that the GPI-anchored antigen CD52 is not only a useful marker to distinguish eosinophils from neutrophils. The data point out a novel role of the CD52 antigen on human eosinophils that might be of clinical relevance, because cross-linking of this molecule will stop the destructive power of human eosinophils in the inflammatory tissue.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Surface markers of neutrophils"

Chorvátová, Michaela. "Vliv elektrických pulzů na lidské krevní fagocyty". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401914.

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The phagocytic cells circulating in the bloodstream play a key role in both the defense of the body and the pathology of inflammatory diseases. Thus, targeting their functions has potential to modulate an immune response, especially during the inflammatory phase. This master's thesis was focused on the influence of electric pulses on the most abundant phagocyte population in human peripheral blood, namely neutrophils. The theoretical part describes the role of neutrophils in the development of the immune response and the effects of the electric field on various cells. Consequent part of the thesis was the optimization of the electrical stimulation of neutrophils using a unique platform with a network of gold electrodes. In stimulated cells by electrical pulses, activation of selected signaling pathways, degranulation, ROS production, citrullination of histone H3 and expression of surface markers were monitored. Overall, electrical stimulation was observed to induce neutrophil activation but only electrical pulses of size 1 V were found to be statistically significant in the case of ROS production and 10 mV and 100 mV electrical pulses in the case of metalloproteinase MMP8 degranulation. The absence of significant effects in the most observed parameters was probably due to unwanted activation of neutrophils in control samples.

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Al-Jumaa, Maha Awadh. "The control of the surface topography of neutrophils". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/111163/.

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Neutrophils are characterised by undergoing rapid cell shape change, especially during cell spreading and phagocytosis. In both situations, the cell changes from a spherical to a non-spherical configuration. This must necessarily require additional cell surface membrane as a sphere is the minimum surface area to enclose a given volume. Although it has been proposed that this additional membrane may come from cell surface structures called wrinkles or micro-ridges, it has not been possible to directly test this hypothesis. In this thesis, a methodology was established that would permit such a test. By incorporating freely diffusible fluorescent molecules into the plasma membrane of neutrophils, a methodology was devised that allows the diffusion time into a subdomain within a photobleached area to be monitored. As the diffusion time depended on the diffusion pathlength, this gave a measure of the surface topography. In osmotically swollen cells, in the neutrophil tail and the phagocytic cup, it was found that the membrane was smooth. However, in the cell body, there was a significant delay in diffusion, consistent with the presence of surface wrinkles. These wrinkles were reduced by osmotic swelling, and as cells spread onto a substrate. The wrinkledness could be increased by osmotic shrinking. This was the first time that changes in cell surface topography could be monitored. In order to establish whether changes in cell surface topography were important for rapid cell shape change, cells were suddenly hyper-wrinkled (osmotically) during phagocytosis or chemotaxis. In both cases this procedure immediately arrested the cell behaviour. On restoration of normal surface topography (by return osmolality to normal), cells then continued to undergo shape change. In the hyper-wrinkled state an abnormal shape change could be induced by uncaging cytosolic IP3 and so force a Ca2+ signal. The data presented in this thesis therefore confirms that surface wrinkling changes during neutrophil shape change, and that this was a key factor in neutrophil shape change.

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Hillis, Graham S. "Cell surface markers in normal and diseased kidney". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602001.

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Cell surface receptors such as adhesion molecules and connexins are involved in interactions between cells and their surroundings. They play important roles in the normal function of healthy tissues and in the responses of cells to injury. In many cases aberrant repair mechanisms are thought to result in disease and this thesis will assess the expression of cell adhesion molecules (principally the pi integrins) and the connexin43 gap junction protein in normal and diseased kidney The expression of pi integrins on normal human mesangial cells was localised using the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase immunochemical technique (APAAP) and Western blotting. Expression of mRNA coding for integrins was also assessed using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Human mesangial cells in culture expressed the a2, a3, av, pi av and P3 integrin chains. Messenger RNA was detected for these integrin subunits plus the al, a4, a5 and a6 chains. Normal human kidney sections were stained using APAAP and monoclonal antibodies towards a wide range of integrin chains. Within the glomerulus, mesangial cells express al, a2 and pi, epithelial cells a3, av and pi and endothelial cells al, a5 and pi. Tubules express a2, a3, a6, av and pi and the interstitium al and pi. In renal biopsies from patients with IgA disease the main alterations in integrin expression were upregulation of a2, a3, av and pi on damaged tubules, with increased pi expression and de novo a5 and av staining within areas of interstitial damage. These changes were replicated in a wide range of other renal pathologies and correlate with the degree of tubulointerstitial histological damage. Connexin43 (Cx43) is distributed extensively on normal human kidney, particularly on glomerular epithelial cells and intra- and extra-glomerular endothelium. Human mesangial cells in vitro express Cx43 protein and its coding mRNA. There is, however, no expression of Cx43 by the mesangium in vivo. In biopsies from patients with inflammatory renal disease there is strong expression of Cx43 on infiltrating inflammatory cells, in areas of interstitial damage and on damaged tubules. The pattern of Cx43 expression in inflammatory renal disease was very similar to that of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. The work in this thesis has demonstrated the large repertoire of cell surface receptors expressed on normal kidney. The principal alterations in diseased kidney are found within the tubulointerstitum. The potential relevance of these changes in the pathogenesis of renal disease are discussed and possible future avenues of research are suggested.

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Leppälä, Daniel. "Analysis of surface coverage in regards to surface functionalization : A microscopic approach". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-140994.

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The understanding of how white blood cells react when coming into contact with various surfaces is of major importance for a wide range of biomaterials and biosensor applications. In this study it is investigated if it is possible to determine how neutrophils react to a certain type of sensor chip called cell clinic being developed. This study investigates the cell surface coverage on the sensor chip and how it correlates to the signal response of the sensor at hand. Neutrophils, as other white blood cells, are cells that quickly adhere to surfaces and during the adhesion process they activate at different levels depending on i.e. type of surface or surface functionalization, this activation can be visualized by the change in morphology. While measuring the change of capacitance with the cell clinic sensor during cell adhesion, the cell surface coverage is of main importance. The main focus of this diploma work has been to develop an image analysis script capable of conducting automated analysis on a large body of images estimating the surface coverage. Input data for this modeling is taken from fluorescent microscopy images. The experiments conducted during this project have indicated that white blood cells adhered to the sensor surface shows signs of being activated also without external activation. This clearly shows that knowledge of how neutrophils react to surface modifications is of great importance as well as the awareness that any surface may trigger a response from the immune system i.e. neutrophil activation, so also in the cell clinic. It is a fact that it might be difficult to evaluate the effect of a foreign substance on the neutrophils while a significant amount is activated from being in contact with the surface. Regarding different surfaces the white blood cells does not display any preference of adhering to any specific surface. The surfaces used in this project was silicon oxide wafers, silicon oxide wafers with a nitride surface functionalization and the intended sensor chip; however the addition of PMA clearly shows an effect on how many cells that adheres to the surface as well as the average area of each cell.

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O'Malley, James. "Novel cell surface markers identify routes to iPS cells". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8883.

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The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) presents a challenge to normal developmental processes. The low efficiency and heterogeneity of most methods have hindered understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms promoting, and roadblocks preventing, efficient reprogramming. While several intermediate populations have been described, it has proved difficult to characterize the rare, asynchronous transition from these intermediate stages to iPSCs. The rapid expansion of a minor population of reprogrammed cells can also obscure investigation of relevant processes. Understanding of the biological mechanisms essential for successful iPSC generation requires both accurate capture of cells undergoing the reprogramming process and identification of the associated global gene expression changes. Here we demonstrate that reprogramming follows an orderly sequence of stage transitions marked by changes in cell surface markers CD44 and ICAM1, and a Nanog-GFP reporter. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of these populations demonstrates two waves of pluripotency gene up-regulation, and unexpectedly, transient up-regulation of multiple epidermis-related genes, demonstrating that reprogramming is not simply the reversal of normal developmental processes. This novel high-resolution analysis enables the construction of a detailed reprogramming route map, and this improved understanding of the reprogramming process will lead to novel reprogramming strategies.

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Jonsson, Eva Lindell. "Biomolecular markers in head and neck cancer". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Öron-, näs- och halssjukdomar, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-306126.

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Head and neck cancer is a heterogeneous group of tumours, of which certain subgroups such as cancer of the mobile tongue frequently are associated with a relatively poor prognosis due to the high risk of regional failure and mortality rates that haven’t improved in a significant way over the last 3 decades, despite advancements in both diagnostics and treatment. Today we lack means to assess the biological aggressiveness of each individual tumour, which varies largely. Treatment comprises of surgery with additional radiotherapy and medical therapies in more advanced tumours. The focus in this thesis is on molecular biomarker expression in head and neck cancer and especially in association with radiotherapy. Increased knowledge paves the way to a more individualized cancer treatment aiming for better outcome and less overtreatment and sequelae. The aims of this thesis was: To map the effects of radiotherapy in both tumour and adjacent tissue for the possible markers hyaluronan, EGFR and mast cells. To investigate whether the expression of hyaluronan in the epithelium and connective tissue stroma and EGFR in the tumour correlates with the risk for developing cervical metastasis in N0 patients, and to find out whether the 3-year tumour-specific survival rates correlates with the expression of HA in the epithelium and EGFR in the tumour. To establish an animal model for radiation-induced mucositis and to use that model to examine the pattern of invading inflammatory cells. To investigate whether the expression of podoplanin in tongue cancer correlates with the risk for cervical metastasis and to determine whether the total amount of lymph vessels in the diagnostic biopsy has any impact on the clinical outcome. To investigate the differences in the metabolome of tongue cancer cell lines with different radiosensitivity. The most important findings of this thesis were: The expression of EGFR and hyaluronan hade the same pattern of expression in both tumour and adjacent tissues before radiotherapy. The expression of EGFR was increased in the epithelium of the adjacent tissue close to the tumour after radiotherapy. The intensity of the staining of hyaluronan was correlated to the 3-year survival rates in patients with tongue cancer. An experimental model for radiation-induced oral mucositis in rat was established and in this model a temporal pattern of macrophage invasion with two different subtypes of macrophages was found. There were no correlation between the expression of podoplanin in the tumour tissue and the cervical metastasis rate in patients with tongue cancer, but the younger patients were more likely to have a higher expression of podoplanin in their tumour than elder patients. Tongue cancer cell lines with different radiosensitivity respond to irradiation with different patterns of metabolic expressions.

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Richardson, Kirsty. "Analysis of cell surface markers within immature bovine articular cartilage". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/17356/.

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Previous studies have shown that articular cartilage grows by apposition from the joint surface, driven by proliferation of a progenitor cell sub-population residing in the superficial zone. To date, there is no individual marker for this progenitor sub-population; however, markers located to mesenchymal stem cells have been identified in articular cartilage. Using immunofluorescence, this study demonstrated the localisation of the stem cell markers, CD44, CD49e, CD105 and CD166 to the superficial zone of bovine immature articular cartilage. CD29 and the developmental markers, Notch1, Delta1, Jagged1, Jagged2 and Msx1 were located in cells throughout the tissue. The restricted expression of the majority of these stem cell markers to predominantly the superficial zone in immature bovine complements the appositional growth model notion and greatly suggests a resident stem cell population. To further investigate and quantify expression of these differentiation and stem cell markers, superficial zone cells were isolated, immunolabelled and analysed using flow cytometry. In addition, cells were cultured for 24 hours in monolayer for comparison and to enable epitope recovery. Stem cell marker expression was absent or reduced following cell isolation and upregulated following monolayer culture. Developmental markers displayed expression comparable to that seen in tissue following cell isolation, but expression was absent after monolayer culture. The differences observed suggest cell surface marker cleavage during cell isolation and subsequent cell adhesion and proliferation. To assess the changes in expression, superficial zone cells were cultured for 14 days, to provide a proxy for dedifferentiated cells. Superficial zone chondrocytes were immunolabelled at day 3, 7 and 14 and analysed using flow cytometry. The majority of cell surface receptors exhibited a unimodal increase in expression indicative of a homogeneous population. The number of cells expressing CD44 increased with time in culture, from 3 to 14 days, characteristic of cells adhering to plastic. Bimodal distributions were observed with CD105 and CD117, after 14 days in culture. This expression has not previously been reported and demonstrates a distinct and discrete subset of cells equating to 1-2% of the total superficial zone population analysed, comparable to chondroprogenitor percentages previously reported. The use of specific markers to isolate chondroprogenitors will allow for further characterisation, including a more in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of proliferation and differentiation within articular cartilage. This has the potential to lead to an improved understanding of the role of these markers and, as such, may provide us with a more beneficial cell type that could significantly contribute to the field of articular cartilage repair.

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Ge, Yan. "Inhibitory mechanism of human neutrophil apoptosis by Anaplasma phagocytophilum and identification of novel surface proteins of A. phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1173207651.

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Sutton, Catherine Anne. "Identifying novel cell surface markers for bone marrow stem cell sub-sets". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557971.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease which affects hyaline cartilage within the joint and leads to severe pain for the patient. Chondrocytes within the cartilage of OA patients have a limited capability to repair lesions in the tissue and as a result, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) which have the ability to differentiate into cartilage, are being investigated for cell- based therapies for OA. One restriction for the use of BMSCs in clinical trials is the rarity and heterogeneity of the starting population. It is therefore important to identify cell surface markers for BMSCs which produce a high quality cartilage matrix after many population doublings in vitro. Tissue engineered cartilage produced by BMSCs from OA patients at early and late passage after thawing was analysed and compared and it was found that the amount and quality of cartilage matrix was significantly reduced at late passage. To identify the most chondrogenic cells, individual BMSCs were sorted from five OA patients using flow cytometry, cultured for 20 population doublings and assessed for their cartilage tissue engineering capacity. BMSC clones which produced high quality tissue engineered cartilage were compared with BMSCs which produced a low quality cartilage using microarray analysis to find the genetic identities of the different populations. These markers were tested at the protein level using flow cytometric analysis and one protein, HLA DR was identified as a potential marker for poorly chondrogenic BMSCs. HLA DR positive cells were stably removed from the whole population and removal of these cells did not affect the quality of tissue engineered cartilage produced. Two protein markers for the most chondrogenic BMSCs were identified and investigated, FGFR-2 and ROR-2. There were no significant differences in the quality of tissue engineered cartilage produced by FGFR2 positive and negative populations. ROR-2 expression increased in culture as cells became confluent and cells cultured at a high cell density expressing increased ROR-2 had a trend to produce higher quality tissue engineered cartilage than those cultured at low density before chondrogenic analysis. These results highlight the heterogeneity in the cartilage producing capabilities of the BMSC population at the level of the individual cell and document the discovery of ROR-2 as a potential marker for a BMSC population which could be utilised in trials of BMSC based therapies for OA in the future.

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Dunne, Jenny. "Human T lymphocyte cell surface antigens and their genes". Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281609.

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Libros sobre el tema "Surface markers of neutrophils"

Cell surface and differentiation. London: Chapman and Hall, 1990.

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Pitzalis, Costantino, Frances Humby y Michael P. Seed. Synovial pathology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0052.

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Synovial pathology is seen in a variety of disease states, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), psoriatic arthritis, and systemic lupus erythmatosus (SLE). This chapter highlights recent advances that characterize the cellular composition of these tissues according to surface markers and chemokine and cytokine expression, and describes synovial functional status and response to therapeutics. In RA, after initiation, pannus migrates over and under cartilage, and into subchondral bone, in a destructive process. Cartilage-pannus junction (CPJ) is characterized as invasive or 'quiescent' or 'indistinct'. Invasive CPJ can comprise macrophages, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), mast cells, and/or neutrophils. CPJ activity is related to the state of activation of the overlying subintima. Subintimal inflammation can be graded to a variety of degrees (I–IV) according to established criteria and is illustrated. In some RA synovia, cellular aggregates organize into ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) through the expression of lymphorganogenic signals, to exhibit T- or B-cell zones accompanied by dendritic cells and lymphangiogenesis. ELS synthesize rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACAP), considered to be indicative of aggressive disease. The selective cellular expression of macrophage and dendritic cell chemokines and cytokines such as TNF, GMCSF, TGFβ‎, IL-1, IL-6, IL-23, and chemokines can be seen in synovia, to form a regulated and cooperative environment that sustains the cellular organization and pathological function. Important to this process are FLS and CD68+ macrophages. CD68 expression correlates with disease severity and can be useful as a surrogate marker of disease modifying activity of therapeutics, such as anti-TNF and anti-B-cell biologics.

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Inc, Biomedical Business International, ed. Tumor and cell surface markers in cancer diagnosis. Tustin, CA, USA (17722 Irvine Blvd. Tustin 92680): Biomedical Business International, 1990.

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Bhole, Malini. Neutrophil abnormalities. Editado por Patrick Davey y David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0295.

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Neutrophils are an important component of the innate immune system, forming the first line of defence against bacterial invasion. Abnormalities in either neutrophil numbers or function lead to immunodeficiency disorders affecting the innate immune system, with a predisposition towards developing serious and often life-threatening infections. Alterations in neutrophil numbers and function may also be noted secondary to systemic diseases, where they may act as markers for ongoing disease processes. Most of the primary neutrophil disorders discussed in this chapter will present in childhood. In adults, acquired neutropenia is the commonest neutrophil abnormality encountered in clinical practice, although, rarely, some primary neutrophil defects may present.

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F, Keren David, Hanson Curtis A y Hurtubise Paul E, eds. Flow cytometry and clinical diagnosis. Chicago: ASCP Press, 1994.

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F, Keren David, McCoy J. Philip y Carey John L, eds. Flow cytometry in clinical diagnosis. 3^a ed. Chicago: ASCP Press, 2001.

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R, Watson Ronald, ed. Alcohol and neurobiology: Receptors, membranes, and channels. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1992.

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Bezanson, Randall P. Government and Its Speech Forum. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037115.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the Supreme Court's decision inPleasant Grove City v. Summum. In the city of Pleasant Grove, Utah, sits Pioneer Park—the site of a local controversy that launched a landmark expansion of the doctrine known as “government speech.” The park's attractions are a hodgepodge of monuments and historical markers, including a privately donated Ten Commandments monument. A small and unconventional local religious group called Summun argued before the Supreme Court for the right to place its own monument next to the Ten Commandments in Pioneer Park. At issue in the Summun case was whether and how the claimed government speech forum would apply to monuments in a public park. Beneath the surface of this issue, however, were some very fundamental First Amendment questions. The chapter focuses on these questions. Is First Amendment immunity for government speech constitutionally justified, and if so, why? Should government's choice of private speech qualify as government speech? Should government's speech power be extended to a government speech forum in which only approved ideas and viewpoints can be expressed?

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Surface markers of neutrophils"

Clemmensen, Stine Novrup, Lene Udby y Niels Borregaard. "Subcellular Fractionation of Human Neutrophils and Analysis of Subcellular Markers". En Neutrophil Methods and Protocols, 53–76. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-845-4_5.

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Udby, Lene y Niels Borregaard. "Subcellular Fractionation of Human Neutrophils and Analysis of Subcellular Markers". En Neutrophil Methods and Protocols, 35–56. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-467-4_4.

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Rugis, John y Reinhard Klette. "Surface Registration Markers from Range Scan Data". En Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 430–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11774938_34.

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Freedman, Arnold S. "Cell Surface Markers in Leukemia and Lymphoma". En Blood Cell Biochemistry, 33–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3796-0_2.

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Malandrin, Laurence y Regine Samson. "Surface Proteins as Markers of Pseudomonas syringae Pathovars". En Developments in Plant Pathology, 348–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5472-7_64.

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Rao, Raj R., Alison Venable Johnson y Steven L. Stice. "Cell Surface Markers in Human Embryonic Stem Cells". En Methods in Molecular Biology, 51–61. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-536-7_5.

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Spitznagel, John K. y H. Anne Pereira. "Antibiotic Proteins of Human Neutrophils: Interaction with the Surface of Salmonella". En Biology of Salmonella, 149–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2854-8_18.

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Gopalan, Vinod, Farhadul Islam y Alfred King-yin Lam. "Surface Markers for the Identification of Cancer Stem Cells". En Methods in Molecular Biology, 17–29. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7401-6_2.

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Chung, Tze Wen y Ming-Chia Yang. "Rat Mesenchymal Cell CD44 Surface Markers: Role in Cardiomyogenic Differentiation". En Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, Volume 2, 185–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2016-9_19.

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Paccaud, J. P. y J. L. Carpentier. "Surface Distribution and Pathway of Internalization of C3b Receptors (CR1) in Human Neutrophils". En Endocytosis, 17–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84295-5_3.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Surface markers of neutrophils"

Hughes, Michael, William Mciver, Helen Mcgettrick y Elizabeth Sapey. "Phenotyping neutrophils in COPD through surface proteins". En ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa4086.

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Oh-Ishi, Shuji, Kenji Nemoto, Sousuke Matumura, Yuka Kitaoka, Takafumi Shimada, Hitomi Goto, Mizu Nonaka et al. "Neutrophils and oxidative stress markers may be a useful indicator for initiating chemotherapy in NTM patients". En ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa5438.

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Nolan, S. "Active Radar Enhancement of Small Marine Surface Vessels, Buoys and Markers". En Surveillance, Pilot and Rescue Craft For The 21st Century 3. RINA, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.surv.1994.2.

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Arora, Rahul D. "Definition, etiopathogenesis, management and role of flouroquinolone prophylaxis in prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis complicating malignant ascites". En 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685345.

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Background: Malignancy related ascites encompasses multiple etiologies which include peritoneal carcinomatosis, hepatic synthetic dysfunction due to parenchymal involvement by the tumour, transcoeloemic metastasis and chylous ascites due to lymphatic obstruction. Primary Cancer type, liver metastasis and serum albumin have been listed as independent prognostic markers in malignant ascites. Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis is usually seen as a complication of decompensated chronic liver disease due to translocation of bacteria or haematogenous dissemination from a distant focus of infection. The combination of a positive peritoneal fluid culture and an ascitic fluid neutrophil count >250 cells/mm3 and no evidence of intra-abdominal source of infection; or 2) culture negative neutrocytic ascites: the combination of negative peritoneal fluid bacterial culture and neutrophil count >500 cells/mm3, without antibiotics within 7 days with no obvious source of infection are used to define spontaneous bacterialperitonitis. Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis has been proposed as a prophylaxis to reduce the incidence and prevent the recurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Materials and Methods: A web search of indexed literature was carried out articles containing information on spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in the setting of malignancy or malignancy related ascites or malignant ascites. Articles that carried relevant information about etiopathogenesis, management and translational research in the context of malignant ascites were also included. Results: A total of 32 articles were analysed and about half of them included in the discussion to answer the research question. Discussion: Inflammatory cytokines released by tumor and immune cells compromise the mesothelial cell layer that lines the peritoneal cavity, exposing the underlying extracellular matrix to which cancer cells readily attach leading to formation of spheroids which imparts resistance to anoikis, apoptosis and chemotherapeutics leading to efficient feed forward progressive cycle of seeding and growth of peritoneal metastasis. Intraperitoneal metastasis can cause peritoneal dysfunction, adhesions and malignant ascites. Epithelial mesenchymal transistion and myofibroblastic transformation occur in the mesothelial cells in response to pathological stimuli. Vascular endothelial growth factor is an important mitogen for endothelial cells and plays an important role in increasing capillary vascular permeability. In preclinical studies systemic administration of VEGF Trap which acts as a decoy receptor for VEGF has shown to decrease the formation of ascites fluid and prevent tumour dissemination. Epithelial ovarian cancer cells have developed various mechanisms to evade immune surveillance like development of surface microvesicles which contain CD 95 ligand leading to apoptosis of immune cells. Higher levels of osteoproteogerin, IL 10 and leptin in the ascitic fluid have been associated with a poor prognosis in malignant ascites. Tethered bowel sign and presence of fluid in the omental bursa on CT have been shown to distinguish between malignant ascites and Cirrhotic ascites with accuracy. Immunological approaches to management of malignant ascites include use of intraperitoneal triamcinolone, interferon, long acting synthetic corticosteroids and the trifoliate antibody catumaxomab. VEGF Inhihibitors like octreotide and long acting depot preparations of lanreotide have also been shown to be feasible therapeutic options. Anti androgenic agents and PARP inhibitors have also been proposed as management options. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in the setting of malignancy in the absence of hepatic dysfunction has been reported to have a poorer prognosis than SBP in the setting of decompensated liver disease. Monomicrobial and polymicrobial bacterascites have been proposed in the absence of an elevated neutrophil ascitic fluid count that does not meet the diagnostic criteria. Extensive liver metastasis where the diseased liver can be expected to behave like a cirrhotic liver and gastrointestinal bleeding (on the basis of an isolated case report) have been considered as risk factors for the development of SBP in malignant ascites. In a case series of 8 patients with malignancy related ascites Patients with total ascitic fluid concentration of less than 1 gm per litre were found to be at risk for Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and warrant flouroquinolone prophylaxis. Conclusion: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis complicating malignant ascites is questionable entity. Good quality Audits and Randomised control trials are warranted to in this domain to enable the definition of incidence, antecedent complications, management and prophylaxis to ensure applicability of translational research to the clinical domain.

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Kolesnikova, Anna S., Roman A. Safonov, Oksana Shinkarenko, Mikhail V. Pozharov y Evgeny G. Glukhovskoy. "Surface-active substance monolayer stability after its formation". En Reporters, Markers, Dyes, Nanoparticles, and Molecular Probes for Biomedical Applications XI, editado por Samuel Achilefu y Ramesh Raghavachari. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2508370.

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Fabiani, D., A. Cavallini, G. C. Montanari y L. Testa. "Extraction of aging markers for nanostructured epoxy resin aged under surface discharges". En 2009 IEEE Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC) (Formerly EIC/EME). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eic.2009.5166376.

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Patonay, Gabor, Maged Henary, Gala Chapman y Walid Abdelwahab. "Surface modified fluorescent silica nanoparticles and their applications (Conference Presentation)". En Reporters, Markers, Dyes, Nanoparticles, and Molecular Probes for Biomedical Applications XI, editado por Samuel Achilefu y Ramesh Raghavachari. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2513443.

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Eberhart, Robert C. "Reflections on Quantitative Gamma Imaging of Cell-Surface Interactions". En ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53388.

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Molecular and cellular interactions with foreign surfaces can be noninvasively measured by isotope imaging techniques. Long available for probing cell behavior, these techniques are now employed in molecular studies of disease progression, such as Alzheimer’s [1]. This paper reviews results obtained by noninvasive dual label gamma scintigraphy for the transient adhesion of platelets and neutrophils to pump-oxygenators during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In this application, characteristic cell-foreign surface adhesion and release patterns are observed during CPB in the pig, as a function of oxygenator design and surface chemistry. Cell distributions in internal organs post-CPB are also affected by these processes. This method can be adapted to other settings where the understanding of protein-cell interactions with native and foreign surfaces is at issue, including fibrinogen-cell interactions, bacterial colonization, etc.

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Murawski, Krzysztof, Wojciech Sulej y Tomasz Malinowski. "Optimizing arrangement of markers on a flaccid membrane surface based on evolution strategy". En 13th Conference on Integrated Optics: Sensors, Sensing Structures and Methods, editado por Przemyslaw Struk y Tadeusz Pustelny. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2503403.

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Alfaro, Nicolás, Janett Carmen Riegatorres, Cesar Vidal Solis, David Vega Morales, Brenda Roxana Vázquez Fuentes, Dionicio Ángel Galarza-Delgado, Cassandra Michele Skinner Taylor et al. "FRI0220 OCULAR SURFACE INFLAMMATORY MARKERS CORRELATED WITH IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN PRIMARY SJöGREN’S SYNDROME". En Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.6612.

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Informes sobre el tema "Surface markers of neutrophils"

Andrews, W. B. Surface markers. [Quarterly report, January 1--June 30, 1995]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/93970.

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