Bibliografías temáticas / Temporary residence

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Temporary residence"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 7 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Temporary residence"

Wang, Woo Chul, Young Hak Song y Seok Ho Lim. "Study on Temporary Residence Development by Applying the Modular Construction". Advanced Materials Research 689 (mayo de 2013): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.689.278.

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Many nations are developing temporary residence to be used in case of residence damage owing to natural disasters. This study is to compensate planning and operational defects of national temporary residences and to suggest a Prototype plan that meets the characteristics of temporary residence. Thus, a research on the actual condition of national temporary residences was conducted and problems were derived based on results. The spatial performance of temporary residences based on the minimum residence standard was reflected and construction methods that satisfy characteristics of temporary residences were considered so as to plan Korean-type temporary residences that maximize extendibility and variability.

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Tokarev, A. E. "CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF FUNCTIONAL ZONING OF TEMPORARY RESIDENCE IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS OF RUSSIA". Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 21, n.º 4 (28 de agosto de 2019): 76–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2019-21-4-76-93.

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Purpose: The aim of this work is to study the environmental issues of northern urban planning and create a conceptual model of the functional zoning of the temporary residence module for the Far North. The purpose includes summary of the problems and threats of protected natural areas, namely the Arctic National Park of Russia; a study of the main historical town-planning of the ideal cities, clarification of aspects of the modern city planning in extreme conditions ; the analysis of the conceptual project “Cities of the Future”, in which the environmental problem is the main requirement for the artificial environment for human life; a description of urban planning principles and space-planning decisions of existing camps in the north of Russia and reveal the significant shortcomings of construction in these conditions ; formulation and systematization of specific requirements for the modern architecture of temporary Arctic settlements; propose a conceptual model of functional zoning of a temporary residence module in the Far North regions.Research findings: A new composition of the Arctic module for temporary residence of the 21st century is considered. A list and zoning scheme of the main and auxiliary premises, united by functional zones is discussed. The requirements for residential, public and technical spaces of the complex are defined and formulated.Practical implications: The proposed temporary residence modules can be used for Arctic regions of Russia. The functional zoning will allow to create a spatial environment of autonomous bioclimatic temporary residence module for the Russian Arctic National Park.

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Shreffler, David K., Charles A. Simenstad y Ronald M. Thom. "Temporary Residence by Juvenile Salmon in a Restored Estuarine Wetland". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, n.º 11 (1 de noviembre de 1990): 2079–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-232.

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Juvenile Pacific salmon utilizing the recently restored Lincoln Avenue wetland system in the Puyallup River estuary, Tacoma, Washington, were studied during their spring seaward migration in 1987 and 1988. Mark/recapture experiments indicated that 0.06% of the outmigrating juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and 0.59% of the outmigrating juvenile chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) entered the wetland. Estimated residence times of individual juvenile chum salmon averaged approximately 2 d (range 1–9 d) and juvenile chinook salmon approximately 5 d (volitional) and 38 d (spray-marked) (total range 1–43 d). The restored wetland system currently provides habitat for the temporary residence of migrating juvenile chum and fall chinook salmon, but rigorous evaluation of the benefit of residency is constrained by the lack of data from comparable natural wetlands.

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Congdon, J. D., O. M. Kinney y R. D. Nagle. "Spatial ecology and core-area protection of Blanding’s Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii)". Canadian Journal of Zoology 89, n.º 11 (noviembre de 2011): 1098–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-091.

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We documented sizes of terrestrial protection zones around wetlands that are necessary to protect all of the core area of Blanding’s Turtles ( Emydoidea blandingii (Holbrook, 1838)) on the Edwin S. George Reserve (ESGR) in southeastern Michigan. Data collected over three decades indicated that 39% of the 83 females and 50% of the 60 males maintained the same residence wetland for more than 20 years, and 33% of the 182 nonresident females used nesting areas on the ESGR for more than 20 years. Approximately 20% of resident males and females were captured in 21 temporary wetlands on the ESGR. Nesting areas were located from 100 to 2000 m from residence wetlands, and some of 45 females (18%) used up to six different nesting areas, some separated by >1000 m. Terrestrial protection zones 300 and 450 m around all wetlands (residence and temporary) protect 90% and 100% of nests, respectively. Terrestrial protection zones of 300, 1000, and 2000 m around residence wetlands only are required to protect 14%, 87%, and 100% of adults, respectively. A protection zone that encompasses the activities of most or all Blanding’s Turtles has a high probability of including the core areas of most other semiaquatic organisms.

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Sudrajat, Ahmad y Lindawati Kartika. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN MAHASISWA DALAM MENYEWA TEMPAT TINGGAL DI KAMPUS INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR DRAMAGA". Jurnal Ekobis : Ekonomi Bisnis & Manajemen 11, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2021): 197–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.37932/j.e.v11i1.157.

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Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Dramaga is one of the universities with the best agricultural background in Indonesia. Many people are willing to leave for education at IPB. However, many of the overseas students have problems regarding where to live. The purpose of this study (1) To identify the factors that influence the rental of temporary housing in the Bogor Agricultural University area. (2) Analyze the factors that influence the decision to lease a temporary residence while studying at the Dramaga Bogor Agricultural University. The type of data in this study is quantitative data, primary data is obtained through questionnaires and secondary data is obtained from the Bogor Agricultural University website, as well as various relevant literature and reports. The method used is descriptive analysis and factor analysis with the variables used in this study is the 7P Marketing Mix. Based on the results of the factor analysis, 20 new factors were formed that greatly influenced consumers in choosing a temporary residence. In addition, the alternative that can be given from this research is that the owner of the residence should be able to optimize the promotion in terms of advertising so that it is right on target.Keywords:IPB Students, Marketing Mix, Temporary Residence

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Viesturs, Jānis, Iveta Puķīte, Jānis Vanags y Irakli Nikuradze. "Limiting the Program of Temporary Residence Permits for Foreigners Based on Real Property Investment in Latvia". Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 5, n.º 1 (27 de noviembre de 2017): 248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjreecm-2017-0019.

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Abstract There exists sharp competition amongst nations regarding the increasing foreign investments; therefore, nations are willing to offer foreign investors and their families some type of political bonus, such as temporary residence permit, permanent residence permit, or even citizenship. The simplest way to entice investors is to offer them and their family members temporary residence permits in exchange for investments - simply by purchasing real property (via the so-called “Golden Visa” program). Such a program was launched in Latvia in 2010; however, significant limitations were placed on it in 2014. This research (1) compares the “Golden Visa” programs in different countries in the world, (2) determines the impact of the program on the real property market of Latvia, and (3) searches for the main reason why limitations were applied to the temporary residence permit program in 2014, which resulted in a significant decrease in the international investments in Latvia (this part of the paper is based on the results of the following research: Viesturs, J., Auziņš, A., & Štaube, T. (2017). Arguments Used for Restricting International Real Property Transactions: Case Study of Latvia).

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Charles-Edwards, Elin, Martin Bell, Radoslaw Panczak y Jonathan Corcoran. "A Framework for Official Temporary Population Statistics". Journal of Official Statistics 36, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2020-0001.

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AbstractThere is considerable demand for official statistics on temporary populations to supplement statistics on resident and working populations. Progress has been slow, with temporary population statistics not part of the standard suite of measures produced by national statistical offices. This article adopts the framework for official statistics proposed by Raymer and colleagues as a guide to aspects relating to society, concepts, data, processing, outputs and validation. The article proposes a conceptual framework linking temporary population mobility, defined as a move more than one night in duration that does not entail a change in usual residence, and temporary populations. Using Australia as an example, we discuss various dimensions of temporary mobility that complicate its measurement. We then report the outcomes of a survey of user needs for temporary population statistics along with a desktop review of OECD countries to identify the best formulation of temporary population statistics, and current international practice respectively. The article concludes by proposing two related concepts for temporary populations: population present and person-time, which overcome a number of issues currently impeding progress in this area and discuss their potential implementation.

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Solinger, Dorothy J. "“Temporary Residence Certificate” Regulations in Wuhan, May 1983". China Quarterly 101 (marzo de 1985): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000015836.

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In mid May 1983 the Wuhan Public Security Bureau posted a notice along the walls of Hankow on “temporary residence certificates” for non-native personnel coming into the city to work. Since a check of the State Council Bulletin and the People's Daily for the months surrounding this time (from 1 January through 31 July 1983) turned up no similar central-level document, one must conclude that the source for this circular was local. Also, in the period since (through the time of final preparation of the present manuscript, late March 1984), those sources have still not published any authoritative rulings on this matter, insofar as I have been able to verify. Moreover, recent press accounts pertaining to city household registration describe decisions about this work as if they were taken by the municipalities themselves. Thus, the regulations translated and analysed below may only represent the situation and its handling in one particular region. Nonetheless, their intrinsic interest, their broader implications and their import reach far beyond this one case.

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Newell, Alexa. "NIH Opens New Temporary Residence for Patients’ Families". AWHONN Lifelines 9, n.º 5 (octubre de 2005): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6356.2005.tb00887.x.

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Fossette, Sabrina, Charlotte Girard, Milagros López-Mendilaharsu, Philip Miller, Andrés Domingo, Daniel Evans, Laurent Kelle et al. "Atlantic Leatherback Migratory Paths and Temporary Residence Areas". PLoS ONE 5, n.º 11 (9 de noviembre de 2010): e13908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013908.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Temporary residence"

Flink, Cecilia y Petranka Grozdeva. "Intimate partner violence against immigrant women with temporary residence permit : -Interviews with professionals". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21096.

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The aim of this study was to explore the situation of immigrant women with temporary residence permit who face intimate partner violence and are living in Mid-Sweden. The study had a qualitative approach and four professionals with experience in meeting this group were interviewed using semi-structured questions. The sample consisted of respondents from social services, a women’s shelter, a NGO and a law firm. Findings show that due to controlling behavior by their partners the women are often isolated from society. Economical violence is explained as frequently occurring. Furthermore, the findings show that having a temporary residence permit makes it difficult to leave the abusive relationship, since it is connected to the risk of deportation. According to the respondents the women experience fear and worries related to their legal status. Moreover, the help available for them include supporting conversations, protected living and legal guidance. The findings indicate that for the women’s situation to be improved they need to gain information on their rights.

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Svensson, Linnéa. "Violence against women with temporary residence permit : An analysis of judgements from the Migration Court". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150598.

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The Swedish government has an equality goal that men´s violence against women must stop, the government has also signed several international obligations to eliminate discrimination and violence against women. The number of people that moves to Sweden due to family ties is steadily increasing and research has shown that foreign born women have an increased risk of being exposed to male partner violence. How the question about violence against women with temporary residence permit is handled in the alien law has been criticised by women’s organisations and in a government inquiry for being oppressive towards women. The aim in this thesis is to examine how the alien law is applied in the practical work and since the Migration Court generally is the final instance that decides in cases regarding continued residence permit, 16 judgments from the Migration Court are analysed. The aim is to examine how violence against women with temporary residence permit is handled by the Migration Court, which discourses about violence and immigrant women that can be identified in the judgements and how this relate to the gender equality goal to eliminate violence against women. To analyse the judgements discourse analysis is used, to analyse how the law is applied a dogmatic approach and a critical perspective is also partly used. The analysis of the judgments suggest that the interpretation of the alien law is more generous than the legislator might has intended, however the assessments in the judgements varies, especially the question of the duration of the cohabitation. The consequence is that the interpretation of the alien law is unpredictable. Findings also suggest that a woman´s credibility is dependent on that she has made the violence probable. Two discourses are identified “the seeking help discourse” that shows that a lot of responsibility is placed on the individual woman to seek help and protection. And “the discourse of the invisibility of the violence” which points to that if the woman has any other reasons to be granted a residence permit, the Migration Court in many cases fail to discuss or even mention the claimed violence or violation, which creates a notion about what the Court values. It can be stated from this study that how the Migration Court handles the question about men´s violence against women is not compatible to national obligations and to that Swedish government gender equality goal about ending men´s violence against women.

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Mulk, Mubinul. "Temporary Residence Status and Workplace Victimization: Uncertainty, Deportation, and Citizenship Goal of Bangladeshi Immigrants in Sweden". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26009.

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This study examines the relationship between temporary residence status with workplace victimization that affects the overall lived experience of the Bangladeshi Immigrants in Sweden. It presents how temporary residence status connected to the threat of deportation of the immigrant and make them in a vulnerable condition that influences the perpetrator (employer) to exploit or victimize them economically, physically, and psychologically. In doing so routine activity theory and Marxist view applied to establish the relation and formulate preventive strategies. And depicting the overall scenario the researcher applied a qualitative research method with a semi-structured interview where participant selected through purposive and snowball sampling methods.The study findings indicate that temporary residence status has almost fifty percent connected to the workplace victimization that stalled individual life extensively and later citizenship and integration process into a new society. However, most of the participants agreed that they accepted this life willingly and around half of the participant have no major issues regarding violations but most of the victimized people didn’t imagine that they have to endure this cruel process.

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Dias, Adriana Violante. "Habitar o espaço em paralelo". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13625.

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Castro, Hinojosa Claudia Victoria, Gentille de Varela Cinthya Paola Gonzalez, Pastor Castillo Martín Javier Ruiz y Polo Evelyn Caroll Soto. "Centro de esparcimiento y residencia temporal para adultos mayores autovalentes de 60 a 80 años - “Club Senior VIP”". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653281.

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Este proyecto ha sido elaborado para satisfacer la necesidad de adultos mayores autovalentes, de gozar de un centro de esparcimiento especialmente pensado en desarrollar hobbies y/o actividades inherentes al rango de edad de 60 a 80 años; tales como talleres de memoria, baile, natación, tai chi, entre otros. Esta idea surgió porque según el estudio de mercado realizado, hay muchos adultos mayores con necesidad de obtener un servicio diferenciado y especializado, y los familiares con los que viven - por el día a día -, no pueden satisfacer esa necesidad. La principal fuente de ingresos será la venta de membresías, para pasar el día y participar de las distintas actividades sujetas a cupo, y para además acceder a una residencia temporal que permite llevar una mejor calidad de vida de lunes a viernes en “Club Senior VIP”. Se estima que la inversión será distribuida principalmente en el alquiler e implementación del Centro, la contratación del personal especializado y una agresiva campaña publicitaria. Los impulsadores de este proyecto serán los alumnos de la UPC: Claudia Castro Hinojosa, quien será la responsable de la Jefatura de administración y ventas, 2. Cinthya Gonzalez Gentille, quien será la responsable de la Jefatura de operaciones y gestión de la calidad, 3. Martín Ruiz Pastor Castillo, quien será el responsable de marketing y ventas, y, 4. Evelyn Soto Polo, quien será la responsable de los recursos humanos.
This project has been developed to meet the need for self-sufficient older adults, to enjoy a recreation center specially designed to develop hobbies and / or activities inherent in the age range of 60 to 80 years; such as memory workshops, dancing, swimming, tai chi, among others. This idea arose because according to our research, there are many older adults in need of obtaining a differentiated and specialized service, and the relatives who are in charge of them, for the day to day they cannot meet that need. The main source of income will be the sale of memberships, to spend the day and participate in the different activities subject to quota, and also to access a temporary residence that allows to lead a better quality of life from Monday to Friday in “Club Senior VIP”, Valuing the family union. An investment that will be distributed mainly in the rental and implementation of the Center, the hiring of specialized personnel and an advertising campaign. The promoters of this project will be the UPC students: Claudia Castro Hinojosa, who will be responsible for the administrative area. 2. Cinthya Gonzalez Gentille, who will be responsible for the operations and quality area. 3. Martín Ruiz Pastor Castillo, who will be responsible for the marketing and commercial area. 4. Evelyn Soto Polo, who will be responsible for the personnel area.
Trabajo de investigación

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Sabbagh, Entisar Al-Banna. "Neither an immigrant nor a visitor: An interactional study of the adaptation to temporary residence by Arabic-speaking students in the American culture". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186103.

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This dissertation analyzes adaptation of the Arabic population to temporary residence in the USA, based on conceptual themes from cultural anthropology and interactional sociolinguistics. I begin my analysis by summarizing the cultural background of my target population. I focus on issues of Islamic culture and religion, gender segregation, diversity, and the Arabic language. I next discuss the method by which I arrived at my research problem and population. My population is comprised of Arabic individuals studying in the USA, and their accompanying persons. I narrowed this population into a core group of key consultants, whose perspectives became representative voices. I interviewed my consultants on aspects of academic and social experiences in this country and the adaptative strategies they used to counteract its challenges. I divide my core analysis into two phases of residence--initial and subsequent. The initial documents the incipient adaptative processes used by my consultants in both social and academic settings. It discusses implications of the co-presence of gender in and out of the classroom and the strategy of avoidance. It documents the dynamics of teacher-student interactions and the discourse of authority. Arabic discourse includes communicative strategies of repetition and indirectness. The subsequent phase discussion focuses on outcomes of adaptation. In this phase, I discuss the redefinition of identity and issues of stigma. I address the outcomes of redefinitions of self and social interaction. I focus on discourse and communicative styles, and address nonassimilative adaptive strategies achieved by boundary maintaining mechanisms. I address the role of the home countries in the adaptative strategies of the population. Finally, this dissertation concludes with a recapitulation of macro and micro interaction and the cultural experience. I conclude that issues of culture clash/culture shock are linked to social interaction of the Arabic population. The binding threads of this dissertation are the processes and outcomes of the two phases of residence. The theme is adaptation. Adaptive processes include intercultural discourse, subsuming issues of identity. These issues are embedded and embodied in the main findings I consider important, at the core of this dissertation.

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Dominguez, Aliaga Emili del Pilar. "Residencia Universitaria en Los Olivos". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656329.

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El siguiente trabajo de investigación parte como respuesta a la falta de residencias universitarias en Lima, ciudad más importante del país, que a pesar de la gran oferta de estudiantes universitarios que se ha venido dando durante los últimos años, solo cuenta con una residencia universitaria propiamente dicha. Según cifras, del total de becas que se otorga todos los años en el Programa Nacional de Becas (PRONABEC), el 85% lo obtienen estudiantes del interior del país, que en su gran mayoría vienen a la capital a estudiar en universidades tanto públicas como privadas. Ante esta situación, los estudiantes optan por el alquiler de casas que no cuentan con espacios comunes donde puedan desarrollarse académica y socialmente. Es por ello que se plantea una residencia destinada exclusivamente para alumnos universitarios que se encuentran estudiando en alguna institución cercana. Por otro lado, el proyecto al estar ubicado estratégicamente en el distrito de Los Olivos, donde existen varios polos educativos y oportunidades de negocio, estará compuesto por tres tipologías: residencia, oficinas coworking y comercio local, ya que no solo se busca resolver el tema de estadía, sino que ayude a que los jóvenes tengan un mejor desarrollo profesional durante y después de su etapa universitaria, que tengan mayor conexión con su entorno directo y su comunidad, creando patios abiertos acompañados con áreas verdes de esparcimiento donde puedan intercambiar diferentes costumbres que cada uno tiene del lugar donde nacieron, logrando una interculturalidad entre los usuarios.
The research work below begins in response to the lack of student housing in Lima, the most important city in the country, which despite the great offer of university students that has been given in recent years, only has one university residence proper. According to statistics, of the total scholarships awarded every year in the National Scholarship Program (PRONABEC), 85% are obtained by students from country, who mostly come to the capital to study at both, public or private universities. Faced with this situation, students choose to rent houses that do not have common spaces where they can develop academically and socially. That is why a residence is proposed exclusively for young university students who are studying at a nearby institution. On the other hand, the project being strategically located in the district of Los Olivos, where there are several educational areas and business opportunities, because of that the project consists in three typologies: residence, coworking offices and local commerce, because not only do you seek to resolve the issue of stay, it also helps to young people have better professional development during and after their university stage , that have greater connection with their direct environment and their community, creating open plazas with green areas of recreation where they can exchange different customs that each has of the place where they were born, achieving an interculturality among users.
Tesis

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Mahdi, Nermin y Büsra Simsek. "Ambitioner och en osäker framtid : En kvalitativ studie om upplevelser och erfarenheter med ett tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Sociologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-43660.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate how people with a temporary residence permit are motivated to integrate into a society, though, among other things, language learning, work and studies. On July 20, 2016, a new temporary law was introduced, where instead of a permanent residence permit, a temporary residence permit is granted with requirements to fulfill for extension. The empirical evidence for the study has been collected through semistructured interviews with eight people who, at the time of the interview, had a temporary residence permit. Previous research describes topics related to integration in general ,temporary residence and lastly motivation, and contributes with knowledge to the research topic, where a knowledge gap is their own descriptions of motivation to integrate, as well as motivation to learn the language, work and study with a temporary residence permit. The theoretical framework for the study includes theories about the concepts of integration and motivation, but also Georg Simmel's contribution about the ‘Stranger’ in combination with temporality and mobility. The results show motivation for integration in the form of language learning, studies and work, despite high demands and an uncertain future. A permanent residence permit is for many a purpose for establishing themselves and realizing long-termgoals.
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur personer med ett tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd motiveras till att integrera sig i ett samhälle, genom bland annat språklärande, arbete ochstudier. Den 20 juli 2016 infördes en ny tillfällig lag, där istället för ett permanent uppehållstillstånd ges ett tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd med krav att uppfylla för förlängning. Empirin för studien har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta personer som vid tiden intervjun ägde rum, hade tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd. Tidigare forskning redogör ämnen som berör integration i allmänhet, tillfälliga uppehållstillståndet och sist motivation, och bidrar med kunskap till eget forskningsämne, där en kunskapslucka är egna beskrivningar av motivation till att integrera sig, samt motivation till att lära sig språket, arbeta och studera med ett tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd. Den teoretiska ramen för studien innefattar teorier om begreppen integration och motivation, men även Georg Simmels bidrag om ‘Främlingen’ i kombination med temporalitet och mobilitet. Resultatet visar på motivation till integration i form av språklärande, studier och arbete, trots höga krav och en osäker framtid. Ett permanent uppehållstillstånd är för flera ett ändamål till att etablera sig och förverkliga långsiktiga mål.

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Sävje, Ulrika. "Att passera gränsen : En brytpunktsanalys av hur de tillfälliga uppehållstillstånden påverkar nyanländas incitament att ta sig in på arbetsmarknaden". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-316070.

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Denna uppsats studerar hur de tillfälliga uppehållstillstånden påverkar nyanländas incitament att ta sig in på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. En av motiveringarna bakom den tillfälliga lagen var – förutom att ge svenskt flyktingmottagande ett andrum – att ge nyanlända personer starkare drivkrafter att komma in på arbetsmarknaden. För att undersöka detta görs en brytpunktsanalys (Regression Discontinuity design) där individer som registrerat sin asylansökan hos Migrationsverket före och efter den 24 november 2015 jämförs. Detta datum avgör om barn och barnfamiljer behandlas enligt den gamla eller den tillfälliga lagen, och därmed om de har möjlighet att få permanenta eller tillfälliga uppehållstillstånd. Resultaten visar att individer på olika sidor om datumgränsen inte verkar skilja sig åt i förutbestämda variabler, vilket tyder på att de inte har haft möjlighet att bestämma vilken sida av datumgränsen de hamnat på. Individer som passerat gränsen har signifikant lägre sannolikhet att få permanenta uppehållstillstånd, minskningen är dock marginell. Det beror troligen på att uppföljningsperioden är kort. Som indikation på hur incitamenten att komma in på arbetsmarknaden påverkas av reformen studeras invandrartäthet samt arbetslöshetsnivå i de län som sökande bor i ett år efter ankomsten. Resultaten tyder på att individer som fick sin ansökan registrerad efter brytpunkten inte bor i län där invandrartätheten eller arbetslösheten är annorlunda. Även detta kan bero på att det än så länge gått för kort tid för att kunna se några effekter.
This paper studies how the temporary residence permits affects immigrants’ incentives to enter the Swedish labor market. One of the reasons behind the adoption of the temporary permits was – in addition to provide Swedish refugee reception a relief – to give immigrants stronger incentives to enter the labor market. To study this, a Regression Discontinuity design study is done, where individuals who had their asylum application registered at the Swedish Migration Agency before and after November 24, 2015 are compared. This date will determine if children and families are treated by the old or the temporary law, and thus if they can get permanent or temporary residence permit. The results show that individuals on different sides of the dateline do not seem to differ in predetermined variables, suggesting that they have not been able to decide which side of the dateline they are on. Individuals who crossed the threshold are significantly less likely to have permanent residence permits, the decrease is however marginal. This is probably because the follow-up period is short. As an indication of how the incentives to enter the labor market are affected by the reform, immigrant density and unemployment rate in the county that the applicant lives in a year after the arrival is used. The results suggest that individuals who registered their applications after the threshold does not live in counties with a different immigrant density or unemployment rate. This as well can be due to that the follow-up period is short.

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Glória, Daniela Marques da. "O tempo de permanência como caracterizador do espaço habitacional". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12141.

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para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.
A forma primordial de habitar o espaço é traduzida através do arquétipo Casa, sendo o resultado da concretização e vontade do Homem em habitar. A Casa é o primeiro mundo do Homem, é ela que o protege, que o forma e transforma, traduzindo a sua identidade, as suas memórias e os seus sonhos. O espaço habitacional de cada indivíduo reflecte a existência da influência deste paradigma que se altera e evolui sob a influência de inúmeros factores, entre os quais a história, a cultura, o tempo e outros. É este último elemento, o tempo, que liga e relaciona os homens entre si e com o espaço, sobre o qual se desenvolverá a reflexão presente na Dissertação, abordando essencialmente a temática da permanência. O tempo de permanência como caracterizador do espaço habitacional, considerando estes componentes estruturantes da cultura e da história do Homem inevitavelmente interligados, influenciando-se mutuamente e proporcionando novas formas de vivência e percepção de ambos. O principal objectivo será relacionar o espaço habitacional com o tempo de permanência, numa tentativa de compreensão de como o tempo é percepcionado nos diferentes espaços habitacionais, bem como a sua influência na vivência destes. Para além disso, pretende-se perceber como o factor temporal poderá alterar e gerar diferentes tipologias habitacionais e novas formas de habitar. O projecto desenvolverá esta temática da habitação, englobando diferentes tipologias habitacionais de estadia temporária, no emblemático Hospital de Santa Marta, que ocupa a antiga Cerca do Convento de Santa Marta inserida na malha urbana de uma das sete colinas de Lisboa, a Colina de Sant’Ana. Considerando o convento como um dos sistemas primordiais do habitar, pretende-se numa tentativa de ligação com a memória do lugar, desenvolver alguns dos diversos espaços habitacionais estudados, incorporando novamente a ideia do habitar, do jardim e da água nos antigos limites do Convento.
ABSTRACT: The primordial way of inhabiting space is translated through the Home archetype, which is the result of realization and will of man to dwell. The Home is the first world of man, it is what protects him, and transforms him, translating building his identity, his memories and his dreams. The dwelling of each individual reflects the existence of the influence of this paradigm that changes and evolves under the influence of numerous factors, including the history, the culture, the time and others. It is this last element, the time, that connects and relates men with each other and the space, on which it will develop this Dissertation, essentially addressing the issue of permanence. The permanency time as characterizing the living space, considering these structural components of the culture and history of man inevitably interconnected, influencing each other and providing new ways to experience and perception of both. Therefore, the main objective will be to relate the dwelling with the permanency time in an attempt to understand how time is perceived in different living spaces, as well as its influence in the experience of these. Furthermore, it is intended to realize how time can change and generate different housing typologies and new ways of living. The project will develop this theme of the dwelling, covering different housing typologies of temporary stay, the emblematic hospital of Santa Marta, which occupies the former Convento de Santa Marta and its surroundings inserted into the urban fabric of one of the seven hills of Lisbon, the Colina de Sant'Ana Whereas the convent as primary systems of dwelling, it is intended, in an attempt to link the memory of the place, to develop some of the various housing areas studied, once again incorporating the idea of dwelling, garden and water in ancient limits of the Convent

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Libros sobre el tema "Temporary residence"

A temporary residence. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1987.

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Kan, Arnold. Some aspects of Australia's temporary residence policy: The skill transfer scheme : a pilot survey. Parkville, Vic: Dept. of Economics, University of Melbourne, 1992.

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1957-, Manfredini Giovanni, ed. Progettazione architettonica e residenze temporanee integrate. Firenze: Alinea, 2003.

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María Dolores Rubio de Medina. Residencia temporal y permisos de trabajo de las personas extranjeras. Barcelona: Editorial Bosch, 2013.

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Scruton, D. A. Spatial and temporal variability in the water chemistry of Atlantic salmon rivers in insular Newfoundland: An assessment of sensitivity to and effects from acidification and implications for resident fish. St. John's, Nfld: Fisheries Research Branch, Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, 1986.

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Temporary to Permanent Residence in Australia. Lawbook Co., 1992.

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United States. Immigration and Naturalization Service., ed. A Temporary resident's guide to applying for permanent residence. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1988.

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United States. Immigration and Naturalization Service, ed. A Temporary resident's guide to applying for permanent residence. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1988.

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Arrangement for the Application of the European Agreement of 17 October 1980 Concerning the Provision of Medical Care to Persons During Temporary Residence (European Treaty Series). Council of Europe Publishing, 1988.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Temporary residence"

Kamenska, Anhelita y Jekaterina Tumule. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Latvia". En IMISCOE Research Series, 257–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_17.

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Abstract This chapter discusses the link between migration and welfare in Latvia. In general, the Latvian social security system may be described as a mixture of elements taken from the basic security (where eligibility is based on contributions or residency, and flat-rate benefits are provided) and corporatist (with eligibility based on labour force participation and earnings-related benefits) models. The country has experienced significant social policy and migration-related changed during the past decades. This chapter focuses on the current Latvian legislation, by closely examining the differential access to social protection benefits of resident nationals, foreigners living in Latvia and Latvian citizens residing abroad across five core policy areas: unemployment, health care, pensions, family benefits and social assistance. Our results show that the Latvian social security benefits are generally based on the principle of employment, social insurance contributions, and permanent residence. Most of the social benefits and services are available to socially insured permanent residents. At the same time, the state offers minimum protection to non-insured permanent residents. Foreigners with temporary residence permits who are not socially insured are the least socially protected group.

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O’Sullivan, Maria. "Protection for the duration of risk, temporary residence and naturalisation". En Refugee Law and Durability of Protection, 18–40. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Law and migration: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203731079-2.

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Sabate, F. "Health Risks of Children and Adolescents in Short-Term Travel or Temporary Residence in Developing Countries". En Travel Medicine, 484–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73772-5_107.

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Hatz, C. y E. Burnier. "Malaria Chemoprophylaxis Among Temporary Residents in Tanzania". En Travel Medicine, 154–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73772-5_27.

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Hanami, Tadashi. "Japanese Policies on the Rights and Benefits Granted to Foreign Workers, Residents, Refugees and Illegals". En Temporary Workers or Future Citizens?, 211–37. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14418-1_8.

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Baiardi, Liala, Andrea Ciaramella y Stefano Bellintani. "A Development and Management Model for “Smart” Temporary Residences". En Research for Development, 337–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33256-3_31.

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Jedlička, J., V. Tolarová y E. Švandová. "Intestinal Parasite Infestation Risks in Temporary Residents in Warm Climates". En Travel Medicine, 319–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73772-5_65.

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Durand, J. y J. P. Martineaud. "Resistance and Capacitance Vessels of the Skin in Permanent and Temporary Residents at High Altitude". En Ciba Foundation Symposium - High Altitude Physiology: Cardiac and Respiratory Aspects, 159–85. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470715383.ch13.

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Dioh, Adrien. "Access to Social Protection by Immigrants, Emigrants and Resident Nationals in Senegal". En IMISCOE Research Series, 277–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51237-8_16.

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AbstractThe Senegalese social protection system has been designed and implemented for the exclusive benefit of workers and their families to protect them against economic and social risks which may cause a (partial or total, temporary or permanent) loss of their earning capacity or the capacity to satisfy their basic needs. The system, which is essentially financed by the contributions of workers and employers, does not include the larger part of the population which evolves in the informal sector. The relevant regulations introduced a principle of equal opportunity for all benefits offered to Senegalese and migrant workers as well as their family members. Nationality is therefore irrelevant since wage-earning remains a fundamental criterion. Nevertheless, because of the territoriality of social security laws, the various benefits provided by the system are not applicable. The system only benefits Senegalese and foreign workers residing in the national territory. Not only is it disadvantageous to nationals living abroad, but it can also hinder the return of foreign workers to their countries of origin at the end of their professional career. The situation can be improved by bilateral or multilateral social security agreements binding the different countries.

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Bernard, K. W. "Health Risks for Temporary Residents of Developing Countries: The U.S. Peace Corps as an Epidemiologic Model". En Travel Medicine, 37–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73772-5_6.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Temporary residence"

Bukalerova, Liudmila y Anzhela Dolzhikova. "THE PROBLEMS OF THE EXAM FOR FOREIGN CITIZENS WHEN THEY RECEIVE A TEMPORARY RESIDENCE PERMIT, RESIDENCE PERMIT, WORK PERMITS OR PATENTS IN RUSSIA". En International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2016.1842.

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Zang, Wei, Xue Mei Yang y Ying Jie Zhao. "Thoughts on epidemic preventuon and control. Impact of population migration on epidemic preventon and control in labour-intensive cities and towns during spring festival". En Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/sxgm9037.

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Novel coronavirus pneumonia strikes the city in 2020, making this year special. It also brings us to the attention of the city's public safety and health problem, which directly affects the city's healthy and sustainable development. During the Spring Festival, a large number of migrant workers in labour-intensive cities and towns returned to their places of residence, forming a large-scale population migration across the country, increasing the difficulty of controlling the epidemic. This paper analyzes the labour migration, medical support, government measures and residents of labour-intensive cities and towns, understands the underlying logic of the epidemic situation, puts forward some solutions for urban disaster prevention and control, and increases urban resilience. It mainly includes: 1) building a population mobility information platform, using big data and network to accurately locate, to guide the later epidemic prevention and control and to prevent secondary infection; 2)To solve the problem of insufficient implementation of urban medical supporting facilities and avoid infection on the way to medical treatment, we should set up a temporary medical treatment point according to the "cell neighbourhood" approach in the city; 3)Make good use of online official channels to shorten the time lag between governments in transmitting information and taking measures; 4) It is significant to encourage residents to join in the epidemic prevention and control, to improve the residents' awareness of prevention and control and the ability to distinguish the authenticity of information.

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Yu, Chu Jian. "The Allocation of Disaster Prevention Facilities for Emergency Shelter". En 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29963.

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The emergency shelter with disaster prevention facilities provides a safe place by construction for emergency situations such as earthquake, nuclear accident etc., which can supply emergency evacuation and temporary residence for refugees. The disaster prevention facilities of emergency shelter are complete sets of measurements which ensure the daily essentials for refugees. The paper classifies the emergency shelters and puts forward their scales and service scopes; it also proposes the setting requirements of disaster prevention facilities for every kind of emergency shelter. The study is not only has advantages to the general plan and distribution of various emergency shelters, but also makes a significant sense of improving the level of disaster resistance and rescue.

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Ozerina, Anna. "Territorial and Temporal Factors of Urban Identity". En The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-41.

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The formation of the urban identity of an individual resident and of the urban community as a whole is multi-determined. In socio-psychological research, perceptions of the main factors of its formation can be summarised through geographical, historical, spatial, individual-personal and socio-cultural characteristics. The objective of our study was to describe the role of territorial and temporal factors (place of birth and the duration of dwelling in a city) in the formation and manifestation of emotional, cognitive, motivational and behavioural parameters of the urban identity of residents. The City questionnaires and the Tomsk City Identity Questionnaire adapted by the authors were used to collect empirical data. The data was processed by means of a single-factor analysis of variance and the Student’s T-test. As a result, specific traits of city image formation in the vision of newcomer residents, and its indigenous residents were revealed, which confirms the relevance of the factors under study. It has been established that the image of the city and perceptions of its potential depend largely on the territorial and temporal indicators of the respondent’s residence in the urban space. Place of birth determines the cognitive component of urban identity to a greater extent, while the length of residence determines the emotional and motivational component. The findings allow the temporal and spatial context to be considered in the development of the city brand and the modernisation of urban space. Further researches are planned to include sample differentiation based on the place of birth by settlement type.

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Spencer, Adrian y Liangta Cheng. "Combustor Residence Time Measurement Using Planar Laser Induced Florescence". En ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22573.

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Combustor performance parameters are strongly affected by the residence time of the combustion chamber. Both the time mean velocity and the turbulence fields are important to the residence time of the gases within it. However, determining the residence time via analysis of a measured velocity field is difficult, particularly due to the inherent unsteadiness and three dimensional nature of the flow within a combustor. A more direct approach is to use a passive transported scalar and look at the dynamic response of the scalar concentration to a step change in the injection rate of it. This may be done with a high spatial and temporal resolution using modern high frame rate digital cameras. A time resolved planar laser induced florescence (PLIF) technique is described that has been used to characterize the residence time within a combustion chamber. Characteristic times evaluated from the measurements are the convection (or delay time) from the point of injection and scalar decay rate (or half life) due to turbulent mixing once the effect of the reduced scalar concentration injection has been transported to the point of interest, other measures are possible but these are the most relevant to flow fields with significant recirculation. The technique is described for a single phase isothermal aerodynamic flow field, but with further consideration the technique could be extended to reacting combustors. Not only does the data provide a useful insight to the mixing phenomena and relevant time scales, it also provides suitable validation data for time dependent CFD predictions in which it is easy to solve for a conserved scalar.

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Kim, M. C., C. S. Lee y C. J. Kim. "Analysis of Volumetric Residence Time of Blood Elements in Stenosed Arteries". En ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42840.

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Blood flow in arteries is known to be closely related to atherosclerosis. Presence of recirculation zones, and low, high, and oscillatory wall shear stresses have been suggested to be important fluid dynamic factors causing development and progress of atherosclerosis. Our study was motivated to develop fluid mechanical indices between residence time of blood particles in arteries and atherosclerosis. In rigid models of stenosed arteries with 75% area reduction, trajectories of blood particles were numerically computed and used to determine local volumetric residence time (VRT) of platelets. The motion of particles in the model artery was computed by considering viscous drag forces between blood particles and presolved transient flow field from computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Many cardiac cycles were considered in the computation to reflect temporally accumulative characteristics of VRT in the recirculation zones. Our results showed that VRT in the recirculation zone was relatively low in the first cardiac cycle. However it increased in the subsequent cycles as more particles were trapped in the same zone. The results suggested that VRT contour calculated in the present study would be an effective indicator of the presence of atherosclerosis.

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Yılmaz, Zelal. "Emergency Architecture: Van and Onagawa Example". En 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 20-21 May 2021. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021311n7.

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The need for temporary housing in natural disasters is an important issue for people to develop. During this period, post-disaster accommodation needs are often planned with temporary housing applications that require rapid installation and where the minimum needs of inhabitant can be met. Decisions to be taken in the residential area; can range from the choice of urban relations to the architectural design of temporary residences and can affect the resident's quality of life. A temporary home that will resist a recurring disaster should be a design suitable for climate conditions, close to the adequacy of basic needs in containers, security, and access to urban infrastructure, sustainability of materials, sociality, health and education facilities. In this context, environmental and architectural evaluation of Van and Onagawa container settlements planned after the major earthquakes in 2011 reveals the essence and importance of the study. It also aims to analyse and compare architectural and urban decisions in these settlements, creating a checklist for projects made with the principle of planning and design before future disasters.

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Guna Permana, Putu Adi y Paula Dewanti. "Designing Temporary Resident Information Systems: Case Study of a Village in Bali". En 2019 1st International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoris.2019.8874930.

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Wei, Yinqiu, Hong Chen y Yahao Wen. "Spatial Temporal Characteristics of Residents’ Activities Based on Didi GPS Data". En 19th COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482292.364.

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Xiao, Dan, Qian Feng y Wenzhuan Zhang. "Rural resident income spatial-temporal variations for Guizhou Province using GIS technology". En Ninth International Symposium on Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition (MIPPR2015), editado por Jianguo Liu y Hong Sun. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2205424.

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Informes sobre el tema "Temporary residence"

Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Aaron Jones, Andrew P. Costa, Vanessa Allen, Adalsteinn D. Brown, Gerald A. Evans et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, diciembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2020.01.05.1.0.

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Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19.

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Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Antonina Maltsev, Aaron Jones, Andrew P. Costa, Vanessa Allen, Adalsteinn D. Brown et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, enero de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.07.1.0.

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Key Message Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Summary Background The Province of Ontario has 626 licensed LTC homes and 77,257 long-stay beds; 58% of homes are privately owned, 24% are non-profit/charitable, 16% are municipal. LTC homes were strongly affected during Ontario’s first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions What do we know about the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Ontario LTC homes? Which risk factors are associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in Ontario LTC homes and the extent and death rates associated with outbreaks? What has been the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the general health and wellbeing of LTC residents? How has the existing Ontario evidence on COVID-19 in LTC settings been used to support public health interventions and policy changes in these settings? What are the further measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes? Findings As of January 14, 2021, a total of 3,211 Ontario LTC home residents have died of COVID-19, totaling 60.7% of all 5,289 COVID-19 deaths in Ontario to date. There have now been more cumulative LTC home outbreaks during the second wave as compared with the first wave. The infection and death rates among LTC residents have been lower during the second wave, as compared with the first wave, and a greater number of LTC outbreaks have involved only staff infections. The growth rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC residents was slower during the first two months of the second wave in September and October 2020, as compared with the first wave. However, the growth rate after the two-month mark is comparatively faster during the second wave. The majority of second wave infections and deaths in LTC homes have occurred between December 1, 2020, and January 14, 2021 (most recent date of data extraction prior to publication). This highlights the recent intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic in LTC homes that has mirrored the recent increase in community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across Ontario. Evidence from Ontario demonstrates that the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and subsequent deaths in LTC are distinct from the risk factors for outbreaks and deaths in the community (Figure 1). The most important risk factors for whether a LTC home will experience an outbreak is the daily incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the communities surrounding the home and the occurrence of staff infections. The most important risk factors for the magnitude of an outbreak and the number of resulting resident deaths are older design, chain ownership, and crowding. Figure 1. Anatomy of Outbreaks and Spread of COVID-19 in LTC Homes and Among Residents Figure from Peter Hamilton, personal communication. Many Ontario LTC home residents have experienced severe and potentially irreversible physical, cognitive, psychological, and functional declines as a result of precautionary public health interventions imposed on homes, such as limiting access to general visitors and essential caregivers, resident absences, and group activities. There has also been an increase in the prescribing of psychoactive drugs to Ontario LTC residents. The accumulating evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been leveraged in several ways to support public health interventions and policy during the pandemic. Ontario evidence showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC staff was associated with subsequent COVID-19 deaths among LTC residents, which motivated a public order to restrict LTC staff from working in more than one LTC home in the first wave. Emerging Ontario evidence on risk factors for LTC home outbreaks and deaths has been incorporated into provincial pandemic surveillance tools. Public health directives now attempt to limit crowding in LTC homes by restricting occupancy to two residents per room. The LTC visitor policy was also revised to designate a maximum of two essential caregivers who can visit residents without time limits, including when a home is experiencing an outbreak. Several further measures could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by measures that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Third, LTC homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Other important issues include improved prevention and detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in LTC staff, enhanced infection prevention and control (IPAC) capacity within the LTC homes, a more balanced and nuanced approach to public health measures and IPAC strategies in LTC homes, strategies to promote vaccine acceptance amongst residents and staff, and further improving data collection on LTC homes, residents, staff, visitors and essential caregivers for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interpretation Comparisons of the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the LTC setting reveal improvement in some but not all epidemiological indicators. Despite this, the second wave is now intensifying within LTC homes and without action we will likely experience a substantial additional loss of life before the widespread administration and time-dependent maximal effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. The predictors of outbreaks, the spread of infection, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes are well documented and have remained unchanged between the first and the second wave. Some of the evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been effectively leveraged to support public health interventions and policies. Several further measures, if implemented, have the potential to prevent additional LTC home COVID-19 outbreaks and deaths.

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