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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Nitrogen fixation and transfer"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 25 gennaio 2025

Ultima modifica: 31 luglio 2025

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1

George, T. Adrian, and Bharat B. Kaul. "Electron transfer in inorganic nitrogen fixation." Inorganic Chemistry 30, no. 5 (1991): 882–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00005a004.

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2

Farnham, D. E., and J. R. George. "Dinitrogen fixation and nitrogen transfer among red clover cultivars." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 4 (1993): 1047–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-136.

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Abstract (sommario):

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is an important perennial forage legume used for hay or as pasture in crop rotations. Despite its traditional usage as a source of nitrogen (N) for cropping systems, little information is available on the amounts of atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) that red clover fixes or transfers to an associated grass during long-term stands. Field research was undertaken in 1989 and 1990 to compare N2 fixation and N transfer potentials of one experimental and three common red clover cultivars seeded in binary mixtures with orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Dinitrogen fixa

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3

Stern, W. R. "Nitrogen fixation and transfer in intercrop systems." Field Crops Research 34, no. 3-4 (1993): 335–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(93)90121-3.

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4

Katz, Faith E. H., Cedric P. Owens, and F. A. Tezcan. "Electron Transfer Reactions in Biological Nitrogen Fixation." Israel Journal of Chemistry 56, no. 9-10 (2016): 682–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijch.201600020.

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5

Rees, Douglas C., F. Akif Tezcan, Chad A. Haynes, et al. "Structural basis of biological nitrogen fixation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1829 (2005): 971–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2004.1539.

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Biological nitrogen fixation is mediated by the nitrogenase enzyme system that catalyses the ATP dependent reduction of atmospheric dinitrogen to ammonia. Nitrogenase consists of two component metalloproteins, the MoFe-protein with the FeMo-cofactor that provides the active site for substrate reduction, and the Fe-protein that couples ATP hydrolysis to electron transfer. An overview of the nitrogenase system is presented that emphasizes the structural organization of the proteins and associated metalloclusters that have the remarkable ability to catalyse nitrogen fixation under ambient conditi

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6

Jiao, Jian, Li Juan Wu, Biliang Zhang, et al. "MucR Is Required for Transcriptional Activation of Conserved Ion Transporters to Support Nitrogen Fixation of Sinorhizobium fredii in Soybean Nodules." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 5 (2016): 352–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-01-16-0019-r.

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To achieve effective symbiosis with legume, rhizobia should fine-tune their background regulation network in addition to activating key genes involved in nodulation (nod) and nitrogen fixation (nif). Here, we report that an ancestral zinc finger regulator, MucR1, other than its paralog, MucR2, carrying a frameshift mutation, is essential for supporting nitrogen fixation of Sinorhizobium fredii CCBAU45436 within soybean nodules. In contrast to the chromosomal mucR1, mucR2 is located on symbiosis plasmid, indicating its horizontal transfer potential. A MucR2 homolog lacking the frameshift mutati

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7

Inomura, Keisuke, Christopher L. Follett, Takako Masuda, Meri Eichner, Ondřej Prášil, and Curtis Deutsch. "Carbon Transfer from the Host Diatom Enables Fast Growth and High Rate of N2 Fixation by Symbiotic Heterocystous Cyanobacteria." Plants 9, no. 2 (2020): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9020192.

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Diatom–diazotroph associations (DDAs) are symbioses where trichome-forming cyanobacteria support the host diatom with fixed nitrogen through dinitrogen (N2) fixation. It is inferred that the growth of the trichomes is also supported by the host, but the support mechanism has not been fully quantified. Here, we develop a coarse-grained, cellular model of the symbiosis between Hemiaulus and Richelia (one of the major DDAs), which shows that carbon (C) transfer from the diatom enables a faster growth and N2 fixation rate by the trichomes. The model predicts that the rate of N2 fixation is 5.5 tim

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8

Zhang, Zhengcheng, Yoko Masuda, Zhenxing Xu, Yutaka Shiratori, Hirotomo Ohba, and Keishi Senoo. "Active Nitrogen Fixation by Iron-Reducing Bacteria in Rice Paddy Soil and Its Further Enhancement by Iron Application." Applied Sciences 13, no. 14 (2023): 8156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13148156.

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In rice paddy soil, biological nitrogen fixation is important for sustaining soil nitrogen fertility and rice growth. Anaeromyxobacter and Geobacteriaceae, iron-reducing bacteria belonging to Deltaproteobacteria, are newly discovered nitrogen-fixing bacteria dominant in paddy soils. They utilize acetate, a straw-derived major carbon compound in paddy soil, as a carbon and energy source, and ferric iron compounds as electron acceptors for anaerobic respiration. In our previous paddy field experiments, a significant increase in soil nitrogen-fixing activity was observed after the application of

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9

Foster, Rachel A., Marcel M. M. Kuypers, Tomas Vagner, Ryan W. Paerl, Niculina Musat, and Jonathan P. Zehr. "Nitrogen fixation and transfer in open ocean diatom–cyanobacterial symbioses." ISME Journal 5, no. 9 (2011): 1484–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.26.

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10

McNeill, A. M., and M. Wood. "Fixation and transfer of nitrogen by white clover to ryegrass." Soil Use and Management 6, no. 2 (1990): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1990.tb00810.x.

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11

Farnham, Dale E., and J. Ronald George. "Dinitrogen Fixation and Nitrogen Transfer in Birdsfoot Trefoil–Orchardgrass Communities." Agronomy Journal 86, no. 4 (1994): 690–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1994.00021962008600040019x.

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12

Li, Qin, and Sanfeng Chen. "Transfer of Nitrogen Fixation ( nif ) Genes to Non‐diazotrophic Hosts." ChemBioChem 21, no. 12 (2020): 1717–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201900784.

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13

Papastylianou, I., and S. K. A. Danso. "Nitrogen fixation and transfer in vetch and vetch-oats mixtures." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 23, no. 5 (1991): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(91)90008-8.

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14

Hatzell, Marta, and Yu-Hsuan Liu. "A Spectroscopic Investigation of Photochemical Nitrogen Fixation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 40 (2022): 1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01401810mtgabs.

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Photochemical nitrogen transformations were initially pioneered by a prominent Indian soil scientist, N.R. Dhar, in the 1930-40s[1]. Others continued to evaluate this process in the presence of liquid water, water vapor, and oxygen. These results remained unverified until 1977, when Schrauzer and Guth also began to investigate this process on natural minerals[2]. Since the 1970s photochemical nitrogen fixation has been widely studied on a number of photocatalyst[3]. Most conclude that nitrogen is reduce to ammonia through a direct electron-transfer based process. However, the reaction mechanis

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15

Yang, Ling-Ling, Zhao Jiang, Yan Li, En-Tao Wang, and Xiao-Yang Zhi. "Plasmids Related to the Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Are Not Only Cooperated Functionally but Also May Have Evolved over a Time Span in Family Rhizobiaceae." Genome Biology and Evolution 12, no. 11 (2020): 2002–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evaa152.

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Abstract Rhizobia are soil bacteria capable of forming symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules associated with leguminous plants. In fast-growing legume-nodulating rhizobia, such as the species in the family Rhizobiaceae, the symbiotic plasmid is the main genetic basis for nitrogen-fixing symbiosis, and is susceptible to horizontal gene transfer. To further understand the symbioses evolution in Rhizobiaceae, we analyzed the pan-genome of this family based on 92 genomes of type/reference strains and reconstructed its phylogeny using a phylogenomics approach. Intriguingly, although the genetic expansi

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16

Soumare, Abdoulaye, Abdala G. Diedhiou, Moses Thuita, et al. "Exploiting Biological Nitrogen Fixation: A Route Towards a Sustainable Agriculture." Plants 9, no. 8 (2020): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9081011.

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For all living organisms, nitrogen is an essential element, while being the most limiting in ecosystems and for crop production. Despite the significant contribution of synthetic fertilizers, nitrogen requirements for food production increase from year to year, while the overuse of agrochemicals compromise soil health and agricultural sustainability. One alternative to overcome this problem is biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Indeed, more than 60% of the fixed N on Earth results from BNF. Therefore, optimizing BNF in agriculture is more and more urgent to help meet the demand of the food pr

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17

Bose, Arpita, and Zhecheng Zhang. "Role of extracellular electron transfer in the nitrogen cycle." Open Access Government 45, no. 1 (2025): 385–87. https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-045-11553.

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Role of extracellular electron transfer in the nitrogen cycle Extracellular electron transfer impacts the nitrogen cycle by enhancing microbial processes and connecting to other biogeochemical cycles. Understanding EET mechanisms provides insights into ecosystem functioning and potential advancements; Arpita Bose and Zhecheng (Robert) Zhang explain. Nitrogen is a fundamental element required by all living species. It can be found in amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The nitrogen cycle promotes nitrogen transformation and transit across the environment, making it available for biologica

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18

Tao, Ran, Xinghua Li, Xiaowei Li, Changlu Shao, and Yichun Liu. "TiO2/SrTiO3/g-C3N4 ternary heterojunction nanofibers: gradient energy band, cascade charge transfer, enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, and nitrogen fixation." Nanoscale 12, no. 15 (2020): 8320–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr00219d.

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19

Bothe, Hermann, Oliver Schmitz, M. Geoffrey Yates, and William E. Newton. "Nitrogen Fixation and Hydrogen Metabolism in Cyanobacteria." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 74, no. 4 (2010): 529–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00033-10.

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SUMMARY This review summarizes recent aspects of (di)nitrogen fixation and (di)hydrogen metabolism, with emphasis on cyanobacteria. These organisms possess several types of the enzyme complexes catalyzing N2 fixation and/or H2 formation or oxidation, namely, two Mo nitrogenases, a V nitrogenase, and two hydrogenases. The two cyanobacterial Ni hydrogenases are differentiated as either uptake or bidirectional hydrogenases. The different forms of both the nitrogenases and hydrogenases are encoded by different sets of genes, and their organization on the chromosome can vary from one cyanobacterium

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20

Mulholland, M. R. "The fate of nitrogen fixed by diazotrophs in the ocean." Biogeosciences 4, no. 1 (2007): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-37-2007.

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Abstract. While we now know that N2 fixation is a significant source of new nitrogen (N) in the marine environment, little is known about the fate of this N (and associated C), despite the importance of diazotrophs to global carbon and nutrient cycles. Specifically, does N fixed during N2 fixation fuel autotrophic or heterotrophic growth and thus facilitate carbon (C) export from the euphotic zone, or does it contribute primarily to bacterial productivity and respiration in the euphotic zone? For Trichodesmium, the diazotroph we know the most about, the transfer of recently fixed N2 (and C) ap

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21

Dong, Fangyuan, Yoo Seok Lee, Erin M. Gaffney, Willisa Liou, and Shelley D. Minteer. "Engineering Cyanobacterium with Transmembrane Electron Transfer Ability for Bioelectrochemical Nitrogen Fixation." ACS Catalysis 11, no. 21 (2021): 13169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.1c03038.

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22

Heichel, G. H., and K. I. Henjum. "Dinitrogen Fixation, Nitrogen Transfer, and Productivity of Forage Legume‐Grass Communities." Crop Science 31, no. 1 (1991): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183x003100010045x.

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23

Rao, A. V., and Kenneth E. Giller. "Nitrogen fixation and its transfer from Leucaena to grass using 15N." Forest Ecology and Management 61, no. 3-4 (1993): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(93)90203-y.

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24

Gerard, V. A., S. E. Dunham, and G. Rosenberg. "Nitrogen-fixation by cyanobacteria associated withCodium fragile (Chlorophyta): Environmental effects and transfer of fixed nitrogen." Marine Biology 105, no. 1 (1990): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01344264.

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25

Chen, Hao, Yuye Jiang, Kai Zhu, Jingwen Yang, Yanxia Fu, and Shuang Wang. "A Review on Industrial CO2 Capture through Microalgae Regulated by Phytohormones and Cultivation Processes." Energies 16, no. 2 (2023): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020897.

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Microalgae is a promising metabolism microorganism for the fixation of CO2 from industrial gas while accumulating microalgae biomass. The process of CO2 fixation by microalgae is able to be significantly improved by the regulation of phytohormones. However, the complex metabolic mechanism of microalgae regulated by phytohormones and abiotic stress on CO2 fixation deserves to be explored. To systematically understand the existing status and establish a foundation for promoting the technology, this paper reviews investigations on the metabolic mechanism of microalgae regulated by phytohormones.

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26

Wood, Craig C., Nazrul Islam, Raymond J. Ritchie, and Ivan R. Kennedy. "A simplified model for assessing critical parameters during associative 15N2 fixation between Azospirillum and wheat." Functional Plant Biology 28, no. 9 (2001): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp01036.

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This paper originates from an address at the 8th International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Sydney, NSW, December 2000 Detailed studies in field experiments have shown repeatedly that the transfer of 15N2 fixed by diazotrophic bacteria to wheat tissue is minimal. Here, a simple and convenient laboratory co-culture model was designed to assess important features of the association between Azospirillum brasilense and wheat, such as the rate of nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction), ammonia excretion from the bacterium and the transfer of newly fixed 15N2 from the associativ

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27

Dantas, Edilândia Farias, Ana Dolores Santiago de Freitas, Maria do Carmo Catanho Pereira de Lyra, et al. "Biological fixation, transfer and balance of nitrogen in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) orchard intercropped with different green manure crops." 2019 13, (03) 2019 (2019): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.03.p1559.

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Green manures can replace or supplement mineral fertilization and add organic matter to the soils, ensuring greater sustainability to fruit growing in semiarid regions. Biological fixation, transfer and balance of nitrogen were determined on an irrigated yellow passion fruit orchard (Passiflora edulis Sims) intercropped separately with three cover crops: sunn hemp, Crotalaria juncea (L.); pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill; and jack bean, Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. In a fourth treatment, legumes were not planted, but spontaneous vegetation was left to grow freely. The legumes were croped f

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28

Yuan, Menglei, Yiling Bai, Jingxian Zhang, et al. "Work function regulation of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes triggered by metal nanoparticles for efficient electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 48 (2020): 26066–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta08914a.

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The work function (W) is utilized as an effective descriptor to predict the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) activity. The lower W value of M@NCNTs promotes the transfer of electrons from the catalyst surface to the adsorbed N<sub>2</sub>.

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Cantera, Jose Jason L., Hiroko Kawasaki, and Tatsuji Seki. "The nitrogen-fixing gene (nifH) of Rhodopseudomonas palustris: a case of lateral gene transfer?" Microbiology 150, no. 7 (2004): 2237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26940-0.

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Nitrogen fixation is catalysed by some photosynthetic bacteria. This paper presents a phylogenetic comparison of a nitrogen fixation gene (nifH) with the aim of elucidating the processes underlying the evolutionary history of Rhodopseudomonas palustris. In the NifH phylogeny, strains of Rps. palustris were placed in close association with Rhodobacter spp. and other phototrophic purple non-sulfur bacteria belonging to the α-Proteobacteria, separated from its close relatives Bradyrhizobium japonicum and the phototrophic rhizobia (Bradyrhizobium spp. IRBG 2, IRBG 228, IRBG 230 and BTAi 1) as dedu

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30

Liu, Nianhua, Rong Tang, Kai Li, et al. "Steering Charge Directional Separation in MXenes/Titanium Dioxide for Efficient Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation." Catalysts 13, no. 12 (2023): 1487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13121487.

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Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation has attracted much attention because of its ability to synthesize ammonia under mild conditions. However, the ammonia yield is still greatly limited by the sluggish charge separation and extremely high N2 dissociation energy. Herein, two-dimensional Ti3C2 MXene ultrathin nanosheets were introduced to construct Ti3C2/TiO2 composites via electrostatic adsorption for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. The photocatalytic activity experiments showed that after adding 0.1 wt% Ti3C2, the ammonia yield of the Ti3C2/TiO2 composite reached 67.9 μmol L−1 after 120 min of l

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Lu, Bao-Fu, Wen-Juan Kang, Shang-Li Shi, Jian Guan, Fang Jing, and Bei Wu. "Differences in Fatty Acid and Central Carbon Metabolite Distribution among Different Tissues of Alfalfa–Rhizobia Symbiotic System." Agronomy 14, no. 3 (2024): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030511.

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Fatty acid and central carbon metabolism are crucial energy metabolism reactions. However, to date, few studies have examined their distribution characteristics within the alfalfa–rhizobia symbiotic system. To clarify the distributional differences and accumulation rates of fatty acids and central carbon with this system, we measured the plant phenotype, nodule formation, nitrogen fixation capacity, and key nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of Medicago sativa ‘Gannong No. 9’ 35 days post-inoculation (dpi) with Sinorhizobia meliloti LL11. Additionally, we employed targeted metabolomics to a

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Carlsson, Georg, and Kerstin Huss-Danell. "Does nitrogen transfer between plants confound 15N-based quantifications of N2 fixation?" Plant and Soil 374, no. 1-2 (2013): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1802-1.

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Haby, Vincent A., Stephen A. Stout, Frank M. Hons, and Allen T. Leonard. "Nitrogen Fixation and Transfer in a Mixed Stand of Alfalfa and Bermudagrass." Agronomy Journal 98, no. 4 (2006): 890–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2005.0084.

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Chen, Shanshan, Xintong Han, Shuyi Xie, Yuting Yang, Xianyue Jing, and Tiangang Luan. "Extracellular electron transfer drives ATP synthesis for nitrogen fixation by Pseudomonas stutzeri." Electrochemistry Communications 154 (September 2023): 107562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2023.107562.

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Adhami Sayad Mahaleh, Moazameh, Mehrnoush Narimisa, Anton Nikiforov, et al. "Nitrogen Oxidation in a Multi-Pin Plasma System in the Presence and Absence of a Plasma/Liquid Interface." Applied Sciences 13, no. 13 (2023): 7619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13137619.

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The recent energy crisis revealed that there is a strong need to replace hydrocarbon-fueled industrial nitrogen fixation processes by alternative, more sustainable methods. In light of this, plasma-based nitrogen fixation remains one of the most promising options, considering both theoretical and experimental aspects. Lately, plasma interacting with water has received considerable attention in nitrogen fixation applications as it can trigger a unique gas- and liquid-phase chemistry. Within this context, a critical exploration of plasma-assisted nitrogen fixation with or without water presence

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Ronson, C. W., and W. L. Lowther. "Issues affecting the competitiveness of white clover rhizobia in New Zealand pastures." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 6 (January 1, 1996): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.6.1995.3364.

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Research into improving symbiotic nitrogen fixation of white clover in New Zealand pastures through the introduction of effective rhizobia is reviewed. Naturalised populations of rhizobia are usually highly diverse and of reduced effectiveness compared to inoculant strains, and large increases in nitrogen fixed have been found in situations where high nodule occupancy by an inoculant strain was obtained. The likelihood of an inoculant strain initially forming a high proportion of nodules is dependent on the size of the naturalised and inoculant populations, and the strain of rhizobia. Lack of

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Villegas, Daniel M., Jaime Velasquez, Jacobo Arango, et al. "Urochloa Grasses Swap Nitrogen Source When Grown in Association with Legumes in Tropical Pastures." Diversity 12, no. 11 (2020): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12110419.

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The degradation of tropical pastures sown with introduced grasses (e.g., Urochloa spp.) has dramatic environmental and economic consequences in Latin America. Nitrogen (N) limitation to plant growth contributes to pasture degradation. The introduction of legumes in association with grasses has been proposed as a strategy to improve N supply via symbiotic N2 fixation, but the fixed N input and N benefits for associated grasses have hardly been determined in farmers’ pastures. We have carried out on-farm research in ten paired plots of grass-alone (GA) vs. grass-legume (GL) pastures. Measurement

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Mulholland, M. R. "The fate of new production from N<sub>2</sub> fixation." Biogeosciences Discussions 3, no. 4 (2006): 1049–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-3-1049-2006.

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Abstract. While we now know that marine N2 fixation is a significant source of new nitrogen (N) in the marine environment, little is known about the fate of this production, despite the importance of diazotrophs to global carbon and nutrient cycles. Specifically, does new production from N2 fixation fuel autotrophic or heterotrophic growth, facilitate carbon (C) export from the euphotic zone, or contribute primarily to microbial productivity and respiration in the euphotic zone? For Trichodesmium, the diazotroph we know the most about, the transfer of recently fixed N2 (and C) appears to be pr

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Crook, Matthew B., Daniel P. Lindsay, Matthew B. Biggs, et al. "Rhizobial Plasmids That Cause Impaired Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Enhanced Host Invasion." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 25, no. 8 (2012): 1026–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-02-12-0052-r.

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The genetic rules that dictate legume-rhizobium compatibility have been investigated for decades, but the causes of incompatibility occurring at late stages of the nodulation process are not well understood. An evaluation of naturally diverse legume (genus Medicago) and rhizobium (genus Sinorhizobium) isolates has revealed numerous instances in which Sinorhizobium strains induce and occupy nodules that are only minimally beneficial to certain Medicago hosts. Using these ineffective strain-host pairs, we identified gain-of-compatibility (GOC) rhizobial variants. We show that GOC variants arise

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Bolhuis, Henk, Ina Severin, Veronique Confurius-Guns, Ute I. A. Wollenzien, and Lucas J. Stal. "Horizontal transfer of the nitrogen fixation gene cluster in the cyanobacterium Microcoleus chthonoplastes." ISME Journal 4, no. 1 (2009): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2009.99.

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Okereke, G. U., and D. Anyama. "Growth, Nitrogen Fixation and Transfer in a Mixed Cropping System of Cowpea-Rice." Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 9, no. 1 (1992): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01448765.1992.9754617.

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Valdés, Jorge H., Inti Pedroso, Raquel Quatrini, Kevin B. Hallberg, Pablo D. T. Valenzuela, and David S. Holmes. "Insights into the Metabolism and Ecophysiology of Three Acidithiobacilli by Comparative Genome Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (July 2007): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.439.

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Draft genome sequences of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans ATCC 19377 and A. caldus ATCC 51756 have been annotated. Bioinformatic analysis of these two new genomes, together with that of A. ferrooxidans ATCC 23270, allows the prediction of metabolic and regulatory models for each species and has provided a unique opportunity to undertake comparative genomic studies of this group of bioleaching bacteria. In this paper, we report preliminary information on metabolic and electron transfer pathways for ten characteristics of the three acidithiobacilli: CO2 fixation, the TCA cycle, sulfur oxidation, s

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Wang, Libo, Mohan Li, Shiyu Wang, Tingting Zhang, Fengyan Li, and Lin Xu. "Enhanced photocatalytic nitrogen fixation in BiVO₄: constructing oxygen vacancies and promoting electron transfer through Ohmic contact." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 47 (2021): 22234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj04580f.

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Abstract (sommario):

The Ag nanoparticles deposited on the surface of BiVO4 containing oxygen vacancies are employed in photocatalytic N2 fixation. The NH3 generation rate is enhanced by constructing abundant oxygen vacancies and promoting electron transfer by Ohmic contact.

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44

Ding, Hao, and Michael F. Hynes. "Plasmid transfer systems in the rhizobia." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 55, no. 8 (2009): 917–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w09-056.

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Abstract (sommario):

Rhizobia are agriculturally important bacteria that can form nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of leguminous plants. Agricultural application of rhizobial inoculants can play an important role in increasing leguminous crop yields. In temperate rhizobia, genes involved in nodulation and nitrogen fixation are usually located on one or more large plasmids (pSyms) or on symbiotic islands. In addition, other large plasmids of rhizobia carry genes that are beneficial for survival and competition of rhizobia in the rhizosphere. Conjugative transfer of these large plasmids thus plays an important r

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45

Makita, Takashi, Kazumi Hirabara, and Haruko Hirose. "Combination of cryo-SEM and WET-SEM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 45 (August 1987): 568–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100127360.

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Abstract (sommario):

WET-SEM is a version of commercially available SEM equipped with Robinson's type of wide-angle backscattered electron detector to observe wet samples under low vacuum(0.3-0.5 torr) and it has been used to variable biological samples with or without chemical fixation. Its versatility to observe hydrated specimens without any metalic coating is obviously advantageous to application of cryo-SEM to biological samples.Recent improvement of nitrogen gas cooled cold stage, and vacuum transfer device(Hexland, England) made the WET-SEM(ISI, Akashi, Japan) as a tool for quick survey of unfixed, hydrated

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46

Yu, Qiming, and Hongming Wang. "Efficient dinitrogen fixation on porous covalent organic framework/carbon nanotubes hybrid at low overpotential." Functional Materials Letters 14, no. 05 (2021): 2151027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604721510279.

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Abstract (sommario):

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction under ambient conditions is a promising approach for ammonia synthesis, but it is challenging to develop highly efficient electrocatalysts. In this work, a hybrid of covalent organic framework (COF) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are developed for efficient nitrogen electroreduction with a high faradaic efficiency (FE) of 12.7% at 0.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a remarkable production rate of ammonia up to 8.56 [Formula: see text]g h[Formula: see text] mg[Formula: see text] at –0.2 V versus RHE. Experiments and theoretical calculations rev

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47

Sprent, J. I., and J. A. Raven. "Evolution of nitrogen-fixing symbioses." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 85, no. 3-4 (1985): 215–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000004036.

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Abstract (sommario):

SynopsisBecause of both the energy costs and the slowness of the reactions of the nitrogenase complex compared with those involving some form of combined nitrogen (oxidised or reduced), we argue that the evolution of nitrogen-fixing organisms required an environment which was very limited in combined nitrogen. This is thought to have occurred after phototrophy evolved, but before water was used as a hydrogen donor (and therefore oxygen was present in the atmosphere). After oxygenic photosynthesis evolved, the need for a high level of biological nitrogen-fixation remained, since abiotic inputs

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48

Caffin, Mathieu, Hugo Berthelot, Véronique Cornet-Barthaux, Aude Barani, and Sophie Bonnet. "Transfer of diazotroph-derived nitrogen to the planktonic food web across gradients of N<sub>2</sub> fixation activity and diversity in the western tropical South Pacific Ocean." Biogeosciences 15, no. 12 (2018): 3795–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3795-2018.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract. Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation provides the major source of new nitrogen (N) to the open ocean, contributing more than atmospheric deposition and riverine inputs to the N supply. Yet the fate of the diazotroph-derived N (DDN) in the planktonic food web is poorly understood. The main goals of this study were (i) to quantify how much of DDN is released to the dissolved pool during N2 fixation and how much is transferred to bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton, and (ii) to compare the DDN release and transfer efficiencies under contrasting N2 fixation activity and diversity in t

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49

Лазарев, Н. Н., О. В. Кухаренкова, С. М. Авдеев, Е. М. Куренкова, and С. А. Дикарева. "Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by perennial legumes in meadow ecosystems." Кормопроизводство, no. 2.2022 (April 25, 2022): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25685/krm.2022.2.2022.002.

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Abstract (sommario):

В научном обзоре представлены результаты российских и зарубежных исследований по азотфиксирующей способности многолетних бобовых трав. Благодаря способности фиксировать атмосферный азот многолетние бобовые травы являются наиболее выгодными кормовыми культурами, обеспечивающими получение дешёвых кормов с высоким содержанием сырого протеина, дефицит которого ощущается в кормопроизводстве нашей страны. Фиксация и ассимиляция азота сопоставима для растений по своей значимости с фотосинтезом. В среднем за сезон многолетние бобовые травы фиксируют от 92 до 180 кг/га атмосферного азота. В Российской

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50

Lai, Huiling, Fuyun Gao, Hao Su, Peng Zheng, Yaying Li, and Huaiying Yao. "Nitrogen Distribution and Soil Microbial Community Characteristics in a Legume–Cereal Intercropping System: A Review." Agronomy 12, no. 8 (2022): 1900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12081900.

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Abstract (sommario):

Intercropping systems can flexibly use resources such as sunlight, heat, water, and nutrients in time and space, improve crop yield and land utilization rates, effectively reduce continuous cropping obstacles and the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and control the growth of weeds. Thus, intercropping is a safe and efficient ecological planting mode. The legume–cereal intercropping system is the most common planting combination. Legume crops fix nitrogen from the atmosphere through their symbiotic nitrogen fixation abilities, and the fixed nitrogen can be transferred to and utilized by

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