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Choi, Yewon, Ji Su Hong, Jung Won Kim, Jong Soo Han i Young Huh. "An analysis of Healthcare Application Research and Standardization Trends on 3D Body Scanner". Society for Standards Certification and Safety 13, nr 4 (31.12.2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34139/jscs.2023.13.4.1.
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The 3D body scanner (3DBS) is designed to capture three-dimensional human body shape information. With the growing interest in healthcare and the rapid development of technologies used in the 3DBS, various research has been conducted to apply 3DBS in different healthcare sectors. This study classified studies conducted outside South Korea on 3DBS from 2018 to 2023 based on their objectives and application fields. In addition, we investigated the standardization trends related to 3DBS by South Korean and worldwide standardization organizations to propose future research directions. 3DBS is utilized in various healthcare fields, such as Preventive health screening, monitoring, epidemiology, and diagnosis. Particularly in Preventive health screening, its application for body composition measurement has gained attention. However, due to the lack of international standards for body composition measurement using 3DBS, there have been discrepancies in research outcomes. Given the practical applications of 3DBS in healthcare and the ongoing evolution of international standards, there is a pressing need for standards specifically tailored to enhance the utility of 3DBS in the medical field.
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da Fonseca Junior, Guaracy Lyra, Ney Tavares Lima Neto, Julia Corrêa de Melo Wanderley, Gurgiane Rodrigues Gurgel Cavalcante, Mauro Melo i Thales Jeferson de Oliveira Raizama. "Uma nova perspectiva na Ortodontia, tratamento híbrido 3DBOT e alinhadores – relato de caso". Orthodontic Science and Practice 15, nr 57 (2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24077/2022;1557-170221.
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Diante das mais variadas técnicas ortodônticas existentes na Ortodontia, a técnica 3DBOT (Tratamento Tridimensional Ortodôntico sem Bráquetes) se destaca por utilizar a tecnologia, o set up 3D, de forma obrigatória. Por definição, a técnica possibilita movimentos nas três dimensões do espaço, com alta previsibilidade dos movimentos, não necessitando dos bráquetes como suporte para a correção dentária. Os alinhadores asseguram o controle dos torques e um excelente detalhamento final. O presente estudo visa descrever um caso clínico de Classe I de Angle, com apinhamentos dentários, tratada com a técnica fixa 3DBOT e alinhadores. Os resultados foram alcançados na primeira etapa com duração de 8 meses, seguidos dos alinhadores finais por 3 meses. A técnica 3DBOT demonstrou ser uma opção eficaz, eficiente e principalmente confortável.
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Fonseca Junior, Guaracy, Ney Tavares, Evelyne Pedroza de Andrade, Guilherme de Sá Barreto Mostaert Lócio, Frederico Melo Machado Filho i Mauro Emanuel Costa de Melo. "Tratamento de má oclusão Classe II com a técnica 3DBOT (Ortodontia fixa tridimensional sem bráquetes e ancoragem esquelética)". Orthodontic Science and Practice 13, nr 52 (2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24077/2020;1352-2935.
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The 3DBOT technique (Three-Dimensional Orthodontic Treatment without Brackets) receives this name for performing movements in the 3 dimensions of the space without the use of brackets and with the help of technology through 3D set up. This technique includes advantages such as absolute control of protrusion / retrusion, control of the arch shape and the planned expansion, control of established vertical and anteroposterior movements. It is imperceptible and comfortable, in addition it is a straight and self-ligating technique that allows sliding when necessary. The objective of this work is to report a clinical case of Class II subdivision, using the 3DBOT technique with skeletal anchorage. The combination of the Versatile Skeletal Anchorage Plate on the palate and the 3DBOT technique proved to be a viable option for Class II malocclusion treatment.
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de Oliveira, Nivaldo Antônio Bernardo, Ney Tavares Lima Neto, Guaracy Lyra da Fonseca Junior, Gurgiane Rodrigues Gurgel Cavalcante, Luiz Felipe Azevedo i Thales Jefferson de Oliveira Raizama. "Tratamento de mordida aberta com a técnica ortodôntica fixa sem bráquetes, com tecnologia tridimensional 3DBOT (bracketless orthodontics treatment)". Orthodontic Science and Practice 14, nr 54 (2021): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24077/2021;1454-2631.
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Anterior open bite is a type of malocclusion in which there is the presence of a negative vertical overlap between the incisal edges of the upper and lower anterior teeth. It is considered a complex anomaly with distinct characteristics and difficult to treat with prevalence of 25% to 38% of patients orthodontically treated. The aim of this article is to report a clinical case of Class III right subdivision and open bite using 3DBOT technique, a fixed, comfortable, predictable, imperceptible technique with 3D technology and with extreme clinically proven satisfaction. Case report: Patient V.B.V.S., 23 years and 1 month old, leukoderma, male, mild dholico, straight profile, symmetrical, Class ¼ of Class III of molar and canine right subdivision, anterior open bite, inverted smile, mild upper and anterior dental crowding. Treatment plan: The use of 3DBOT was planned along with the use of intermaxillary elastics and refinement with the aid of MyAligner® aligners. Conclusion: The 3DBOT technique showed to be a viable option for treating anterior open bite
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Silva, Maicon Herverton Lino Ferreira da, Augusto José da Silva Rodrigues, Robson Fernandes Barbosa i Marcelo Mendonça Teixeira. "Development of 3D learning objects for orthopedics, with the support of the Scrum framework". Journal on Advances in Theoretical and Applied Informatics 3, nr 1 (30.08.2017): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26729/jadi.v3i1.2444.
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The Stewart Platforms (SP) bring relevant contributions to handling 3D environments. Among these contributions, the Ilizarov Hexapod Systems (IHS) are developed, aimed at correcting bone deformities. Thus, with the support of the Scrum framework, the development of a set of four 3D learning objects (3DLOs) was carried out, and was then evaluated by eight orthopedic doctors and eleven orthopedic residents. Finally, the contributions of the use of the software engineering Scrum framework in the construction of 3DLOs and its effectiveness as an instructional mechanism in IHS teaching-learning medicine were presented
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Zhang, Di, Xitao Zheng, Jin Zhou, Xinyi Song, Pu Jia, Haibao Liu i Xiaochuan Liu. "Effect of Braiding Architectures on the Mechanical and Failure Behavior of 3D Braided Composites: Experimental Investigation". Polymers 14, nr 9 (8.05.2022): 1916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091916.
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Benefiting from the multi-directional load-bearing capability, the three-dimensional braided composites (3DBC) have found a wide application in primary structures. It is therefore of great importance to fully understand their mechanical behavior and failure modes. In the present paper, the tensile and compressive tests were carried out, according to standardized testing methods, for eight types of 3DBC, which were manufactured by resin transfer molding (RTM). It was found that the mechanical properties of the 3DBCs decreased with an increasing braiding angle. When the braiding angle was 20°, 3D 5-directional braided composite (3D5dBC) exhibited the best mechanical properties, while for the braiding angle of 40°, the mechanical properties of 3D6dBC were the most prominent. Moreover, the tensile strength of the 3DBCs is approximately two times as much as the compressive strength; however, the compressive modulus is always 10% higher than the tensile modulus. The failure modes of the 3DBCs with a braiding angle of 20°greatly depended on the braiding structures. However, they tend to be consistent when the braiding angle increases to 40°.
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Chen, Song, Jian Yang, Wen Jie Fan, Qiang Fu i Xiao Wei Liu. "Design and Optimization of Sigma-Delta Accelerometer". Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (kwiecień 2014): 1106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.1106.
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Mathematical model of sensitive structures and detection principle of Sigma-Delta accelerometer are analyzed in this paper, and then an accelerometer with SNR 107dB is designed using MATLAB, the stability of which is analyzed based on root locus plot. When input is small than-3dBFS, the system is unsaturated. The poles and zeros of accelerometer noise transfer function are then analyzed and the feed-forward coefficient and local feedback coefficient are optimized, achieving a higher SNR of 112.1dB. At last, the circuit-level simulation is conducted and in-band noise level is about-140dB.
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Muslim, Bin, Muntazir Hussain, Usman Hashmi, A. Aneesullah, Muhammad Aamir i Ali Zahir. "Performance evaluation of a multicarrier MIMO system based on DFT-precoding and subcarrier mapping". Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 35, nr 2 (2022): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee2202253m.
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The ever-increasing end user demands are instigating the development of innovative methods targeting not only data rate enhancement but additionally better service quality in each subsequent wireless communication standard. This quest to achieve higher data rates has compelled the next generation communication technologies to use multicarrier systems e.g. orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), while also relying on the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. This paper is focused on implementing a MIMO-OFDM system and on using various techniques to optimize it in terms of the bit-error rate performance. The test case considered is a system implementation constituting the enabling technologies for 4G and beyond communication systems. The bit-error rate optimizations considered are based on preceding the OFDM modulation step by Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) while also considering various subcarrier mapping schemes. MATLAB-based simulation of a 2 ? 2 MIMO-OFDM system exhibits a maximum of 2 to 5 orders of magnitude reduction in bit-error rate due to DFT-precoding and subcarrier mapping respectively at high signal-to-noise ratio values in various environments. A 2-3dBs reduction in peak-to-average power ratio due to DFT-precoding in different environments is also exhibited in the various simulations.
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Jabr, Luay, P. Emile Rossouw, Dimitrios Michelogiannakis, Shaima Malik, Timothy T. Wheeler i Abdul Basir Barmak. "A Comparative Assessment of the Bonding Characteristics of Three-Dimensional Custom-Printed Polycrystalline Alumina Brackets and Conventional Brackets". Applied Sciences 14, nr 2 (22.01.2024): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020924.
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Objective: The objective was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) amongst six orthodontic bracket groups. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional printed polycrystalline alumina brackets (3DBs), ceramic brackets (CBs), and metal brackets (MBs), divided into six groups, were bonded to bovine incisors using different bonding procedures. The SBSs were obtained using a universal testing machine, and the ARIs were assessed with a stereomicroscope. The statistical analyses included one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for SBS differences and Fisher’s exact test to show ARI differences amongst the groups (p < 0.05). Results: No significant differences (p > 0.05) were measured amongst the SBSs of the 3DB groups (12.3 MPa, 12.6 MPa, 12.3 MPa, 11.0 MPa, respectively). The latter four groups generally had significantly lower SBSs (p < 0.001) than the conventional bracket groups, CB and MB (16.9 MPa and 19.3 MPa, respectively). Also, there was no significant difference in SBSs for the CB and MB groups (p > 0.05). A high ARI for CBs and MBs (2) indicated that more than 50% of the adhesive remained on the enamel surface. The four 3DB groups had no residual adhesive or less than 50% adhesive on the enamel surface after debonding (ARI scores 0 and 1). A significant difference in ARI levels existed across the types of brackets (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Three-dimensional printed polycrystalline alumina brackets exhibited adequate SBS values for successful bonding. However, the values were lower compared to those for conventional ceramic and metal brackets. The majority of the adhesive remnant for the 3D-printed brackets was mainly located on the bracket base.
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Wang, Kexin, Licheng Ju, Yulu Song, Lindsay Blair, Kevin Xie, Claire Liu, Anna M. Li i in. "Whole‐cerebrum guanidino and amide CEST mapping at 3 T by a 3D stack‐of‐spirals gradient echo acquisition". Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 15.05.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.30134.
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AbstractPurposeTo develop a 3D, high‐sensitivity CEST mapping technique based on the 3D stack‐of‐spirals (SOS) gradient echo readout, the proposed approach was compared with conventional acquisition techniques and evaluated for its efficacy in concurrently mapping of guanidino (Guan) and amide CEST in human brain at 3 T, leveraging the polynomial Lorentzian line‐shape fitting (PLOF) method.MethodsSaturation time and recovery delay were optimized to achieve maximum CEST time efficiency. The 3DSOS method was compared with segmented 3D EPI (3DEPI), turbo spin echo, and gradient‐ and spin‐echo techniques. Image quality, temporal SNR (tSNR), and test–retest reliability were assessed. Maps of Guan and amide CEST derived from 3DSOS were demonstrated on a low‐grade glioma patient.ResultsThe optimized recovery delay/saturation time was determined to be 1.4/2 s for Guan and amide CEST. In addition to nearly doubling the slice number, the gradient echo techniques also outperformed spin echo sequences in tSNR: 3DEPI (193.8 ± 6.6), 3DSOS (173.9 ± 5.6), and GRASE (141.0 ± 2.7). 3DSOS, compared with 3DEPI, demonstrated comparable GuanCEST signal in gray matter (GM) (3DSOS: [2.14%–2.59%] vs. 3DEPI: [2.15%–2.61%]), and white matter (WM) (3DSOS: [1.49%–2.11%] vs. 3DEPI: [1.64%–2.09%]). 3DSOS also achieves significantly higher amideCEST in both GM (3DSOS: [2.29%–3.00%] vs. 3DEPI: [2.06%–2.92%]) and WM (3DSOS: [2.23%–2.66%] vs. 3DEPI: [1.95%–2.57%]). 3DSOS outperforms 3DEPI in terms of scan–rescan reliability (correlation coefficient: 3DSOS: 0.58–0.96 vs. 3DEPI: −0.02 to 0.75) and robustness to motion as well.ConclusionThe 3DSOS CEST technique shows promise for whole‐cerebrum CEST imaging, offering uniform contrast and robustness against motion artifacts.
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Ho, Jeongwon, Wontae Kim i Bum-Hoon Lee. "Investigations of strong cosmic censorship in 3-dimensional black strings". Journal of High Energy Physics 2022, nr 8 (sierpień 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep08(2022)018.
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Abstract Investigating the quasinormal modes of a massive scalar field on the 3-dimensional black string (3dBS), we study the strong cosmic censorship (SCC) conjecture for the 3dBS in the T-dual relationship with the 3-dimensional rotating anti-de-Sitter (BTZ) black hole. It is shown that even though geometries of the two spacetimes are quite different, such as asymptotically AdS for the BTZ black hole and asymptotically flat for the 3dBS, the BTZ black hole and the 3dBS share similar properties for the SCC. Concretely speaking, the SCC conjecture can be violated even for asymptotically flat spacetime, i.e. the 3dBS. These observations lead us to an assumption that the T-dual transformation preserves spacetime symmetries, at least, which are relevant to the SCC. In addition, we find a new feature of the quasinormal mode at the Cauchy horizon: in the case of in the 3dBS, the spectral gap, αBS at the Cauchy horizon is not determined by the ‘ω-frequency mode’, but the ‘m-frequency mode’.
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Fan, Yu, Meng-jie Li, Jing Yang, Shuang-jie Li, Xiao-yan Hao, Jia-di Li, Yun-chao Wang i in. "GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC induces dysfunction in ribosome biogenesis and translation". Brain, 24.02.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awad058.
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Abstract GGC repeat expansion in the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of NOTCH2NLC is associated with a broad spectrum of neurological disorders, especially neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID). Studies have found that GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC induces the formation of polyglycine (polyG)-containing protein, which is involved in the formation of neuronal intranuclear inclusions. However, the mechanism of neurotoxicity induced by NOTCH2NLC GGC repeats is unclear. Here, we used NIID patient-specific iPSC-derived 3D cerebral organoids (3DCOs) and cellular models to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansion. IPSC-derived 3DCOs and cellular models showed the deposition of polyG-containing intranuclear inclusions. The NOTCH2NLC GGC repeats could induce the upregulation of autophagic flux, enhance integrated stress response, and activate EIF2α phosphorylation. Bulk RNA sequencing for iPSC-derived neurons and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) for iPSC-derived 3DCOs revealed that NOTCH2NLC GGC repeats may be associated with dysfunctions in ribosome biogenesis and translation. Moreover, NOTCH2NLC GGC repeats could induce the NPM1 nucleoplasm translocation, increase nucleolar stress, impair ribosome biogenesis, and induce ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequestration, suggesting dysfunction of membraneless organelles in the NIID cellular model. Dysfunctions in ribosome biogenesis and phosphorylated EIF2α and the resulting increase in the formation of G3BP1-positive stress granules may together lead to whole-cell translational inhibition, which may eventually cause cell death. Interestingly, scRNA-seq revealed that NOTCH2NLC GGC repeats may be associated with a significantly decreased proportion of immature neurons while 3DCOs were developing. Together, our results underscore the value of patient-specific iPSC-derived 3DCOs in investigating the mechanisms of polyG diseases, especially those caused by repeats in human-specific genes.
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Li, Jie-Qing, Yuan-Zhong Wang i Hong-Gao Liu. "Application of spectral image processing with different dimensions combined with large-screen visualization in the identification of boletes species". Frontiers in Microbiology 13 (12.01.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1036527.
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Boletes are favored by consumers because of their unique flavor, rich nutrition and delicious taste. However, the different nutritional values of each species lead to obvious price differences, so shoddy products appear on the market, which affects food safety. The aim of this study was to find a rapid and effective method for boletes species identification. In this paper, 1,707 samples of eight boletes species were selected as the research objects. The original Mid-Infrared (MIR) spectroscopy data were adopted for support vector machine (SVM) modeling. The 11,949 spectral images belong to seven data sets such as two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) and three-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (3DCOS) were used to carry out Alexnet and Residual network (Resnet) modeling, thus we established 15 models for the identification of boletes species. The results show that the SVM method needs to process complex feature data, the time cost is more than 11 times of other models, and the accuracy is not high enough, so it is not recommended to be used in data processing with large sample size. From the perspective of datasets, synchronous 2DCOS and synchronous 3DCOS have the best modeling results, while one-dimensional (1D) MIR Spectrum dataset has the worst modeling results. After comprehensive analysis, the modeling effect of Resnet on the synchronous 2DCOS dataset is the best. Moreover, we use large-screen visualization technology to visually display the sample information of this research and obtain their distribution rules in terms of species and geographical location. This research shows that deep learning combined with 2DCOS and 3DCOS spectral images can effectively and accurately identify boletes species, which provides a reference for the identification of other fields, such as food and Chinese herbal medicine.
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von Haller, Marianne, Louise Couchman i Philipp Honigmann. "Production time and practicability of 3D-Printed wrist orthoses versus low temperature thermoplastic wrist orthoses". Hand Therapy, 25.09.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17589983241287069.
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Introduction In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a new manufacturing technique for orthoses, showing comparable stability and wearing comfort to traditional orthoses. However, the lengthy designing and printing process is assumed to take more time than the common practice of manufacturing low-temperature thermoplastic orthoses (LTTOs). The aim of this prospective cross-sectional study was to compare the production time of 3D-printed orthoses (3DPO) to LTTOs. Methods The active and passive time needed to manufacture the orthoses was measured in a clinical setting. 17 orthoses (8 3DPOs and 9 LTTOs) were included in the data analysis. Results The mean total production time of a 3DPO (12:14:50h total time; 0:44:35h active production time) was significantly longer than in LTTOs (0:14:14h; p < 0.001). Discussion The longer production time might be a hurdle regarding the implementation of 3DPOs in hand therapy. Although 3D-printing might become more cost- and time-efficient due to future developments in technology and growing experience, some practical advantages of LTTOs prevail, such as the fast and efficient provision of orthoses and the adaptability of the material if subsequent changes are needed. A combination of both manufacturing techniques may be a feasible solution to provide patient-centred orthosis provision in future hand therapy practice.
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Khan, Shahzad, Haider Abbas i Muhammad Binsawad. "Secure semantic search using deep learning in a blockchain-assisted multi-user setting". Journal of Cloud Computing 13, nr 1 (30.01.2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13677-023-00578-5.
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AbstractDeep learning-based semantic search (DLSS) aims to bridge the gap between experts and non-experts in search. Experts can create precise queries due to their prior knowledge, while non-experts struggle with specific terms and concepts, making their queries less precise. Cloud infrastructure offers a practical and scalable platform for data owners to upload their data, making it accessible to intended data users. However, the contemporary single-owner/single-user (S/S) approach to DLSS schemes falls short of effectively leveraging the inherent multi-user capabilities of cloud infrastructure. Furthermore, most of these schemes delegate the dissemination of secret keys to a single trust point within the mutual distrust scenario in cloud infrastructure. This paper proposes a Secure Semantic Search using Deep Learning in a Blockchain-Assisted Multi-User Setting $$(S^3DBMS)$$ ( S 3 D B M S ) . Specifically, the seamless integration of attribute-based encryption with transfer learning allows the construction of DLSS in multi-owner/multi-user (M/M) settings. Further, blockchain’s smart contract mechanism allows a multi-attribute authority consensus-based generation of user private keys and system-wide global parameters in a mutual distrust M/M scenario. Finally, our scheme achieves privacy requirements and offers improved security and accuracy.
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Li, Peiyuan, Tao shen, Li Li i Yuanzhong Wang. "Optimization of the selection of suitable harvesting periods for medicinal plants: taking Dendrobium officinale as an example". Plant Methods 20, nr 1 (16.03.2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13007-024-01172-9.
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Abstract Background Dendrobium officinale is a medicinal plant with high commercial value. The Dendrobium officinale market in Yunnan is affected by the standardization of medicinal material quality control and the increase in market demand, mainly due to the inappropriate harvest time, which puts it under increasing resource pressure. In this study, considering the high polysaccharide content of Dendrobium leaves and its contribution to today’s medical industry, (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer) FTIR combined with chemometrics was used to combine the yields of both stem and leaf parts of Dendrobium officinale to identify the different harvesting periods and to predict the dry matter content for the selection of the optimal harvesting period. Results The Three-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (3DCOS) images of Dendrobium stems to build a (Split-Attention Networks) ResNet model can identify different harvesting periods 100%, which is 90% faster than (Support Vector Machine) SVM, and provides a scientific basis for modeling a large number of samples. The (Partial Least Squares Regression) PLSR model based on MSC preprocessing can predict the dry matter content of Dendrobium stems with Factor = 7, RMSE = 0.47, R2 = 0.99, RPD = 8.79; the PLSR model based on SG preprocessing can predict the dry matter content of Dendrobium leaves with Factor = 9, RMSE = 0.2, R2 = 0.99, RPD = 9.55. Conclusions These results show that the ResNet model possesses a fast and accurate recognition ability, and at the same time can provide a scientific basis for the processing of a large number of sample data; the PLSR model with MSC and SG preprocessing can predict the dry matter content of Dendrobium stems and leaves, respectively; The suitable harvesting period for D. officinale is from November to April of the following year, with the best harvesting period being December. During this period, it is necessary to ensure sufficient water supply between 7:00 and 10:00 every day and to provide a certain degree of light blocking between 14:00 and 17:00.