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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Acid hydrolysis”

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Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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1

Paventi, Martino, Francis L. Chubb, and John T. Edward. "Assisted hydrolysis of the nitrile group of 2-aminoadamantane-2-carbonitrile." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 9 (1987): 2114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v87-351.

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Attempts to hydrolyse the nitrile group of 2-aminoadamantane-2-carbonitrile by mineral acid or alkali have been unsuccessful. However, treatment of the aminonitrile with benzaldehyde in alkaline solution gives the benzal derivative of the α-aminoamide, readily hydrolysed to the α-aminoamide. Alternatively, benzoylation of the amino group followed by acid hydrolysis gives successively the α-benzamido acid and the α-amino acid. Possible mechanisms for these facilitated hydrolyses are advanced.

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2

Kurbanova, Marina, and Svetlana Maslennikova. "Acid Hydrolysis of Casein." Foods and Raw Materials 2, no. 1 (2014): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4124.

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3

(Miss), P. A. GIDDE, B. HOGALE M., Y. NIMBALKAR A., and H. JAGDALE M. "Kinetic Analysis of Consecutive Irreversible First Order Reaction. Hydrolysis of Oxalic Acid Dihydrazide." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 62, Apr 1985 (1985): 281–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6324650.

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Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004 <em>Manuscript received 28 November 1983, revised 26 February 1985, accepted 27 April 1985</em> The hydrolysis of oxalic acid dihydrazide in presence of acid catalyst is a consecutive irreversible reaction. This dihydrazide in various mineral acids is hydrolysed to monohydrazide, which undergoes further hydrolysis to oxalic acid and hydrazine. The reaction follows first order kinetics.

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4

Pęksa, A., and J. Miedzianka. "Amino acid composition of enzymatically hydrolysed potato protein preparations." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 32, No. 3 (2014): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/286/2013-cjfs.

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We determine the effects of the technology of obtaining potato protein preparation and of different variants of enzymatic hydrolysis on the chemical and amino acid compositions of the hydrolysates obtained. Potato protein concentrates obtained through their thermal coagulation in potato juice with calcium chloride, calcium lactate or without salt addition were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using two commercial hydrolytic enzymes: endopeptidase (Alcalase) and exopeptidase (Flavourzyme). Chemical (contents of ash, total and coagulable protein) and amino acid compositions of the hydrolysates

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5

Lü, F., P. J. He, L. P. Hao, and L. M. Shao. "Impact of recycled effluent on the hydrolysis during anaerobic digestion of vegetable and flower waste." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 8 (2008): 1637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.511.

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Two trials were established to investigate the effect of recycled effluent on hydrolysis during anaerobic co-digestion of vegetable and flower waste. Trial I evaluated the effect by regulating the flow rate of recycled effluent, while Trial II regulated the ratio of hydrolytic effluent to methanogenic effluent, which were recycled to hydrolysis reactor. Results showed that the recirculation of methanogenic effluent could enhance the buffer capability and operation stability of hydrolysis reactor. Higher recycled flow rate was favourable for microbial anabolism and further promoted hydrolysis.

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6

KHUMALO, NDUDUZO, SAMSON MOHOMANE, SETUMO V. MOTLOUNG, LEHLOHONOLO KOAO, MALEVU D. THEMBINKOSI, and TSHWAFO E. MOTAUNG. "EFFECT OF H2SO4/HCLO4 MIXTURE ON PROPERTIES OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE CELLULOSE CRYSTALS." WOOD RESEARCH 67(6) 2022 67, no. 6 (2022): 929–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/67.6.929940.

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The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of mixed acid concentration on the morphology, crystallinity and thermal properties of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Acid hydrolysis using mixture of sulphuric (H2SO4)acid and perchloric (HClO4) acid was used to extract CNCs from sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The properties of the raw SCB, extracted cellulose,45% H2SO4 hydrolysed CNCs,45% H2SO4/HClO4 hydrolysed CNCs, 55% H2SO4/HClO4 hydrolysed CNCs and 65% H2SO4/HClO4 hydrolysed CNCs were analysed using Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning

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7

Loh, Zhi Hung, Natasha L. Hungerford, Diane Ouwerkerk, Athol V. Klieve, and Mary T. Fletcher. "Identification of Acid Hydrolysis Metabolites of the Pimelea Toxin Simplexin for Targeted UPLC-MS/MS Analysis." Toxins 15, no. 9 (2023): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15090551.

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Pimelea poisoning of cattle is a unique Australian toxic condition caused by the daphnane orthoester simplexin present in native Pimelea pasture plants. Rumen microorganisms have been proposed to metabolise simplexin by enzymatic reactions, likely at the orthoester and epoxide moieties of simplexin, but a metabolic pathway has not been confirmed. This study aimed to investigate this metabolic pathway through the analysis of putative simplexin metabolites. Purified simplexin was hydrolysed with aqueous hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid to produce target metabolites for UPLC-MS/MS analysis of

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8

Freeman, Stuart J., Prema Shankaran, Leonhard S. Wolfe, and John W. Callahan. "Phosphatidylcholine and 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphorylcholine hydrolysis by purified placental sphingomyelinase." Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 63, no. 4 (1985): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o85-040.

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We present evidence which indicates that highly purified placental acid sphingomyelinase hydrolyses [14C]phosphatidylcholine ([14C]PC) and the synthetic phosphodiester 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphorylcholine (4-MUPC). Hydrolysis was achieved by phospholipase C phosphodiesterase action. Of the several detergents tested, sodium taurocholate alone was necessary for PC hydrolysis, while 4-MUPC was hydrolysed independent of any detergent requirement. The pH optima for the reactions were 4.6–4.8 for PC hydrolysis and 4.8–5.0 for 4-MUPC hydrolysis. As with sphingomyelin hydrolysis, degradation of both

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9

Zhuang, Jun Ping, Lu Lin, Chun Sheng Pang, and Ying Liu. "Hydrolysis Kinetics of Wheat Straw in Saturated Formic Acid / 4% Hydrochloric Acid Solution." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.138.

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Lignocellulosic materials are regarded as an alternative energy source for bioethanol production to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. Pretreatment is an essential step in the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass and subsequent production of bioethanol. Adding formic acid with catalyst dosage (4%) in saturated formic acid will be good for cellulose degradation and glucose production; when the cellulose hydrolyses to glucose, the glucose degrades simultaneously. Kinetic models can have practical applications for the optimization of the process and performance analysis, or economic estimations, so

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10

Thanh Ngoc, Nguyen Thi. "INFLUENCES OF TECHOLOGICAL HYDROLYSIS CONDITION ON NUCLEIC ACID CONTENT OF SPENT BREWER’S YEAST HYDROLYSATE." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 5A (2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/5a/12192.

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Currently, with the strong increasing of the brewing industry output, the consequencing amount of yeast residue is very large. Utilizing a large source of protein from brewers yeast to produce hydrolysed products using protease as food and food additives has a high real-life benefit. However, one limitation in the use of yeast and hydrolysis products is that the amount of nucleic acid in the yeast in particular and in the microbial cells is generally high. Nucleic acid is abundant in food that causes gout in humans and animals. There are many methods for reducing or separating nucleic acids in

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11

Lisak Jakopović, Katarina, Seronei Chelulei Cheison, Ulrich Kulozik та Rajka Božanić. "Comparison of selective hydrolysis of α-lactalbumin by acid Protease A and Protease M as alternative to pepsin: potential for β-lactoglobulin purification in whey proteins". Journal of Dairy Research 86, № 1 (2019): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029919000086.

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AbstractThe experiments reported in this research paper examine the potential of digestion using acidic enzymes Protease A and Protease M to selectively hydrolyse α-lactalbumin (α-La) whilst leaving β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) relatively intact. Both enzymes were compared with pepsin hydrolysis since its selectivity to different whey proteins is known. Analysis of the hydrolysis environment showed that the pH and temperature play a significant role in determining the best conditions for achievement of hydrolysis, irrespective of which enzyme was used. Whey protein isolate (WPI) was hydrolysed using

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12

NAGY, Elena Mihaela, Constantin COȚA, Nicolae CIOICA, et al. "Researches Regarding a Protein Hydrolysate Used as Adjuvant in Fertilization Process." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 76, no. 2 (2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2018.0035.

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Within the paper the results of conducted researches in order to obtain a protein hydrolysate from wool waste as raw material are presented. The experiments were conducted in two variants: a) alkaline hydrolyse using potassium hydroxide, a mix of potassium hydroxide with urea and a mix of potassium hydroxide with sodium hydroxide as well as b) acidic hydrolyse with sulfuric acid or a mix of sufuric acid with phosphoric acid in different proportions. The parameters intervals used were: pH 0,5-2,5 for acidic hydrolyse and pH 9,5-13,5 for the alkalinic one; temperatures between 120-150 °C and pre

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13

Jacobsen, Tomas, and Otto M. Poulsen. "Separation and characterization of 61- and 57-kDa lipases from Geotrichum candidum ATCC 66592." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38, no. 1 (1992): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m92-012.

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Two lipolytic proteins (61 and 57 kDa) present in a Sephadex G-100 fraction of extracellular lipase from Geotrichum candidum ATCC 66592 were separated using high-performance liquid chromatography. Crossed electrofocusing immunoelectrophoresis was used to demonstrate that the 61-kDa lipase fraction contained two forms of lipase with pI 4.5 and 4.7. However, when deglycosylated with endoglycosidase H, the two forms gained an identical pI, 4.6. The 57-kDa lipase fraction contained one form of lipase with pI close to 4.5. Although the 61- and 57-kDa lipases were immunologically identical, the subs

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14

Ab Rahim, Siti Kartini Enche, Heymmela A. P. Kasi, and Norazharuddin Shah Abdullah. "Fermentable Sugar via Diluted Acid Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse." Key Engineering Materials 908 (January 28, 2022): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-75n3we.

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The production of fermentable sugar from sugarcane bagasse acid hydrolysis method was investigated in this study. Experimentation on the determination of acid for hydrolysis was carried out to identify the suitable type of acid for the effective hydrolysis process. The results revealed that sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is a better hydrolysing agent than phosphoric acid (H3PO4). This study also analysed the impact of temperature, on the yield of fermentable sugar between the sugarcane bagasse. The highest amount of fermentable sugar of 10.26 g/L was produced by sugarcane bagasse at temperature of 90°

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15

Fitriani, Reni Okta, Amna Hartiati, and Lutfi Suhendra. "KARAKTERISTIK GULA CAIR YANG DIBUAT DARI PATI UBI GADUNG (Dioscorea hispida D.) DALAM VARIASI JENIS DAN KONSENTRASI ASAM." JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI 6, no. 3 (2018): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2018.v06.i03.p03.

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This study aims to know the effect of acid type and concentration on the characteristics of liquid sugar resulting from the hydrolysis of yam gadung (Dioscorea hispida D.) and the highest DE value from the hydrolysis of the yam gadung starch. This research uses Randomized Block Design of factorial pattern. The first factor is acid treatment consisting of 3 levels: hydrolysis of starch with HNO3, H2SO4, and HCl and second factor is acid concentration consisting of 3 levels: 3%, 4%, and 5% . Each treatment is grouped into 2 based on execution time. The variables observed in this study were total

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16

Appel, Thomas R., Ralf Lucassen, Martin H. Groschup, Marion Joncic, Michael Beekes, and Detlev Riesner. "Acid inactivation of prions: efficient at elevated temperature or high acid concentration." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 5 (2006): 1385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81426-0.

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Scrapie prion rods isolated from hamster and non-infectious aggregates of the corresponding recombinant protein rPrP(90–231) were incubated with hydrochloric acid. The amount of PrP and of infectivity that survived incubation in HCl at varying times, acid concentrations and temperatures was quantified by Western blot densitometry and bioassays, respectively. Prion rods and rPrP aggregates showed similar HCl hydrolysis kinetics of PrP, indicating structural homology. For 1 M HCl and 25 °C, the rate of PrP hydrolysis follows first-order kinetics at 0·014 h−1; the rate of infectivity inactivation

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17

Zhu, Chao, Zihui Meng, Wenjin Liu, et al. "Investigation on the hydrolytic mechanism of cucurbit[6]uril in alkaline solution." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 5 (2018): 180038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180038.

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The structure of cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]), as a fascinating supramolecular receptor, is regarded as ‘indestructible’. Herein, we investigated the hydrolysis of CB[6] catalysed by alkali. Our results showed that CB[6] was easily hydrolysed in 30% NaOH at 160°C within 3 h. Separation and purification of hydrolytic products demonstrated the presence of NH 3 , CO 2 , HCOONa, glycine and hydantoic acid. Based on the studies of the hydrolysis of substances similar to CB[6] including 4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea, glycoluril and glycoluril dimer, we proposed that a plausible reaction mechanism involved a

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18

KEROVUO, Janne, Juha ROUVINEN, and Frank HATZACK. "Analysis of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate hydrolysis by Bacillus phytase: indication of a novel reaction mechanism." Biochemical Journal 352, no. 3 (2000): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3520623.

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Phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, InsP6) hydrolysis by Bacillus phytase (PhyC) was studied. The enzyme hydrolyses only three phosphates from phytic acid. Moreover, the enzyme seems to prefer the hydrolysis of every second phosphate over that of adjacent ones. Furthermore, it is very likely that the enzyme has two alternative pathways for the hydrolysis of phytic acid, resulting in two different myo-inositol trisphosphate end products: Ins(2,4,6)P3 and Ins(1,3,5)P3. These results, together with inhibition studies with fluoride, vanadate, substrate and a substrate analogue, indicate a

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19

Balasubramanian, R., and M. S. Manocha. "Purification and properties of an acid proteinase from Choanephora cucurbitarum." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 32, no. 2 (1986): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m86-030.

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An acid proteinase has been purified from mycelial extracts of Choanephora cucurbitarum by treatment with ammonium sulphate, gel filtration, hydroxyapatite adsorption, and affinity chromatography. The enzyme hydrolysed haemoglobin rapidly compared with casein, bovine albumin, cytochrome c, and hide powder azure, but failed to hydrolyse any of the synthetic peptides tested. The acid proteinase is a glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 12 700. Optimal hydrolysis of haemoglobin by the proteinase was observed at 20 °C, pH 3.0, and has a Km value of 2.8 mg∙mL−1. Heavy metallic ions, su

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20

Hendriks, W. H., M. F. Tarttelin, and P. J. Moughan. "The amino acid composition of cat (Felis catus) hair." Animal Science 67, no. 1 (1998): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800009905.

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AbstractThe amino acid composition of cat hair was determined by conventional 24-h acid hydrolysis and non-linear least-squares extrapolation to time zero of the amino acid composition data from a series of hydrolysis intervals. Twenty-five individual samples of cat hair, consisting of four colours, were also analysed (24-h hydrolysis) to determine if there was an effect of hair colour on amino acid composition. Amino acids were determined following HCl hydrolysis (6 mol/l) with cysteine and methionine determined by performic acid oxidation of the sample prior to hydrolysis.There was no signif

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21

Abbas, Khamis A., Phillip Hurst, and John T. Edward. "Reexamination of the Kirkwood–Westheimer theory of electrostatic effects. V. Effect of charged substituents on the rates of alkaline hydrolysis of substituted strychnines." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 75, no. 4 (1997): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-050.

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The rates of hydrolysis in aqueous sodium hydroxide of the alkaloid strychnine and seven of its derivatives have been determined at 50 and 75 °C. The kinetic data indicate that all the compounds, except strychninesulfoni acid-I, hydrolyze by competing second- and third-order mechanisms, involving one and two hydroxide ions, respectively; strychninesulfonic acid-I hydrolyzes by the second-order mechanism only. The quantitative effect of positively charged groups in enhancing, and negatively charged groups in depressing, the rates of hydrolysis is in rough agreement with calculations using Kirkw

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22

Vanderfleet, Oriana M., Daniel A. Osorio, and Emily D. Cranston. "Optimization of cellulose nanocrystal length and surface charge density through phosphoric acid hydrolysis." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2112 (2017): 20170041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0041.

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are emerging nanomaterials with a large range of potential applications. CNCs are typically produced through acid hydrolysis with sulfuric acid; however, phosphoric acid has the advantage of generating CNCs with higher thermal stability. This paper presents a design of experiments approach to optimize the hydrolysis of CNCs from cotton with phosphoric acid. Hydrolysis time, temperature and acid concentration were varied across nine experiments and a linear least-squares regression analysis was applied to understand the effects of these parameters on CNC properties

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23

Bassani, Andrea, Cecilia Fiorentini, Vellingiri Vadivel, Alessandro Moncalvo, and Giorgia Spigno. "Implementation of Auto-Hydrolysis Process for the Recovery of Antioxidants and Cellulose from Wheat Straw." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (2020): 6112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176112.

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Wheat straw is an easily affordable, cost-effective and natural source of antioxidants and cellulose, but its full potential is not yet utilized. In the present investigation, an auto-hydrolytic process was applied to recover both antioxidant phenolic compounds and cellulose from wheat straw. Two three-step acid/alkaline fractionation processes were applied differing for the first step: a conventional mild acid hydrolysis or an auto-hydrolysis. The liquors from the first step were analyzed for the recovery of antioxidants, while the final residues from the whole process were analyzed for cellu

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24

Firsty, Virginia Ghita, Ji Yeon Jeong, Yang Mo Gu, Jin Hyung Lee, and Soo-Jeong Shin. "High Cellulose Purity by Acid Hydrolysis Pretreatment on Kenaf Outer Bast." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (2022): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010334.

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Acid hydrolysis treatment of kenaf outer bast fiber can produce pure cellulose content and hydrolyzed hemicellulose to monosaccharides. The effects of various reaction temperatures (110–130 °C), acid concentrations of sulfuric acid (0.25–1.00 N), and reaction times (60–120 min) were investigated as the optimum condition to gain pure cellulose content. A 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to analyze the carbohydrate content in the reaction of acid hydrolysis treatment. The results showed that optimum conditions for acid hydrolysis refer to two treatment prospects. First, a higher reaction temperature

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25

KALLOL, K. GHOSH, and K. SAR SANTOSH. "Micellar Effects upon the Acid Hydrolysis of N-p-Chlorophenylbenzohydroxamic Acid." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 71, Sep 1994 (1994): 579–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5896342.

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School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur-492 010 <em>Manuscript received 24 June 1993, accepted 29 July 1993</em> Micellar Effects upon the Acid Hydrolysis of N-p-Chlorophenylbenzohydroxamic Acid

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26

Alvarez, Carlos, Manuel Rendueles, and Mario Diaz. "The yield of peptides and amino acids following acid hydrolysis of haemoglobin from porcine blood." Animal Production Science 52, no. 5 (2012): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11218.

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Animal blood is the most important waste product from the meat industry due to the huge volumes produced and its pollutant power. Different methods are currently employed to process this by-product, such as drying, incineration or enzymatic hydrolysis. All these techniques are expensive, do not result in revalorisation or are not applicable at an industrial scale. In this paper, chemical hydrolysis is presented as an alternative to recover and increase the value of purified haemoglobin, the most abundant protein in blood. Non-enzymatic hydrolysis of haemoglobin is a good method for obtaining p

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27

Mujianto, ,., Yuli Witono, ,. Wignyanto, Sri Kumalaningsih, and Auliani’am ,. "Hydrolysis Characteristics of Over Fermented Tempe (Fermented Soybean Cake) Product Hydrolyzed by Enzymatic Hydrolysis as Natural Flavor Source (Flavor Enhancer)." Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 55, no. 1 (2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21048/ijnd.2018.55.1.18062.

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The purpose of this study is to be acknowledged of the characteristics of protein hydrolyzed from enzymatic hydrolysis process of rejected tempe. The parameters of rejected Tempe hydrolysis characteristics are dissoluble protein, dissoluble total sediment, maillard intensity, hydrolytic color, namely color L, color a, color b, whiteness, chrome and hue, level of staleness, antioxidant power, water activity, hydrolysis level, enzymatic reaction rate, HPLC amino acid and hydrolytic FTIR of over fermentedtempe. This study is designed using Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 (three) blocks as

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28

Ibrahim, E. S. K., and M. A. Ghani. "The effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on the antioxidant activities and amino acid profiles of defatted chia (Salvia hispanica L.) flour." Food Research 4, S4 (2020): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(s4).003.

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis using different proteases (Alcalase® and papain) and hydrolysis period on antioxidative activities and amino acid profiles of hydrolysed chia peptides. The experiment has been carried out using a completely randomized block design. The protein from defatted chia flour (DCF) was first isolated using different extraction pH (pH 10; 11; 12) and precipitation pH (pH 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5) to determine the highest protein isolated (CI) yield. The chia isolate (CI) extracted using the combination treatment (pH 12, 3.5) demonstrated

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29

Margolis, Sam A., Lois Jassie, and H. M. Kingston. "The hydrolysis of proteins by microwave energy." Journal of Automatic Chemistry 13, no. 3 (1991): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1463924691000172.

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Microwave energy, at manually-adjusted, partial power settings has been used to hydrolyse bovine serum albumin at 125 °C. Hydrolysis was complete within 2 h, except for valine and isoleucine which were completely liberated within 4 h. The aminoacid destruction was less than that observed at similar hydrolysis conditions with other methods and complete hydrolysis was achieved more rapidly. These results provide a basis for automating the process of amino-acid hydrolysis.

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30

Ying, Ma, Lin Li, and Sun Da-Wen. "Preparation of high Fischer ratio oligopeptide by proteolysis of corn gluten meal." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 26, No. 1 (2008): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1138-cjfs.

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A method to obtain an oligopeptide with high Fischer ratio is described. Corn gluten meal (CGM) was hydrolysed with Alcalase 2.4L using a two-step hydrolysis. In the first-step hydrolysis, the enzyme reaction conditions for hydrolysing CGM were optimised by using the orthogonal experimental design, while pH = 8.0, temperature = 55°C, enzyme to substrate ratio (3:97, w/w), and the substrate concentration = 5% were identified as the optimum conditions, under which up to 11.62% degree of hydrolysis (DH) could be obtained. The hydrolysate was then fractionated by ultrafiltration using a membrane w

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31

Vree, Tom B., Erik Dammers, Ivan Ulc, Stefan Horkovics-Kovats, Miroslav Ryska, and IJsbrand Merkx. "Differences Between Lovastatin and Simvastatin Hydrolysis in Healthy Male and Female Volunteers: Gut Hydrolysis of Lovastatin is Twice that of Simvastatin." Scientific World JOURNAL 3 (2003): 1332–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2003.121.

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The aim of this pharmacokinetic evaluation was to show the effect of the extra methyl group in simvastatin on esterase hydrolysis between lovastatin and simvastatin in male and female volunteers. This study was based on the plasma concentration-time curves and the pharmacokinetics of lovastatin and simvastatin with its respective active metabolite statin-β-hydroxy acid obtained from two different bioequivalence studies, each with 18 females and 18 males. Results were: 1-The group of female volunteers showed a higher yield of the active metabolite β-hydroxy acid than the group of males (p <

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32

Magadova, L. A., A. N. Sirotin, M. D. Pakhomov, and Z. R. Davletov. "Study of Hydrolization and Sedimantationin Acid Compositions Based on Sulfaminic Acid." Oil and Gas Technologies 130, no. 5 (2020): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/1815-2600-2020-130-5-32-37.

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This article presents the results of a study of the hydrolysis of sulfamic acid and the elaboration of acidic compositions that are characterized by reduced sedimentation compared to mud acid. The effect of complexing compounds on the hydrolysis of sulfamic acid is considered, the hydrolysis of sulfamic acid and sulfamates is compared, and the secondary sedimentation of sulfamic acid and mud acid compositions is compared using the formation of hexafluorosilicates. The hydrolysis intensity of sulfamic acid and ammonium sulfamate was determined by the mass of sediments formed during the reaction

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Gehrke, Charles W., Larry L. Wall, Joseph S. Absheer, Floyd E. Kaiser, and Robert W. Zumwalt. "Sample Preparation for Chromatography of Amino Acids: Acid Hydrolysis of Proteins." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 68, no. 5 (1985): 811–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/68.5.811.

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Abstract A number of variations were evaluated in the techniques and procedures of the classical 6N hydrochloric acid, 110°C, 24 h hydrolysis of protein. Variations included the use of glass tubes with Teflon-lined screw caps as the hydrolysis vessel, high-temperature short-time hydrolysis, performic acid oxidation of cystine and methionine, multiple hydrolysis times at 145°C, and interlaboratory preparation of hydrolysates. A diverse sample set used in the study included a range of protein-containing matrices, and automated ionexchange chromatography was used for the amino acid analysis. Resu

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Zumwalt, Robert W., Joseph S. Absheer, Floyd E. Kaiser, and Charles W. Gehrke. "Acid Hydrolysis of Proteins for Chromatographic Analysis of Amino Acids." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, no. 1 (1987): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.1.147.

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Abstract The conditions used to hydrolyze proteins are vital in determining amino acid compositions because they necessarily represent a compromise aimed at yielding the best estimate of amino acid composition. Variations in ease of peptide bond cleavage, differences in amino acid stabilities, and matrix effects from nonproteinaceous components all militate against a single set of hydrolysis conditions that quantitatively hydrolyze every peptide bond and concurrently cause no destruction of any amino acid. This presentation summarizes and reviews an extensive study which evaluated a number of

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Shi, Qixun, Matthew P. Mower, Donna G. Blackmond, and Julius Rebek. "Water-soluble cavitands promote hydrolyses of long-chain diesters." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 33 (2016): 9199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610006113.

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Water-soluble, deep cavitands serve as chaperones of long-chain diesters for their selective hydrolysis in aqueous solution. The cavitands bind the diesters in rapidly exchanging, folded J-shape conformations that bury the hydrocarbon chain and expose each ester group in turn to the aqueous medium. The acid hydrolyses in the presence of the cavitand result in enhanced yields of monoacid monoester products. Product distributions indicate a two- to fourfold relative decrease in the hydrolysis rate constant of the second ester caused by the confined space in the cavitand. The rate constant for th

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Attard, Karen, Mecit Halil Oztop, and Frederick Lia. "The Effect of Hydrolysis on the Antioxidant Activity of Olive Mill Waste." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (2022): 12187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122312187.

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This study presents the effect of hydrolysis on the antioxidant activity of olive mill waste. The olive pomace samples were collected at different stages of maturity and were investigated for their phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Three different extraction procedures were employed, including methanolic maceration extraction and two hydrolysed procedures using 6 M HCL for acid hydrolysis and 10 M NaOH for alkaline hydrolysis. The total phenolic, flavonoid and ortho-diphenolic content, metal ion reducing activity, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 2,2-Dipheny

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Jankovská, P., J. Čopíková, and A. Sinitsya. "The determination of ferulic acid in sugar beet pulp." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 19, No. 4 (2013): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6598-cjfs.

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The content of ferulic acid in sugar beet pulp was determined by reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV/VIS-spectroscopy. The acid extracts of pectin carrying feruloyl groups were prepared for analysis. To release ferulic acid from pectin the hydrolysis in alkaline medium (pH = 12.5) was performed. Both non-hydrolysed and hydrolysed extracts were measured by UV/VIS-spectroscopy after pH adjustment to the value of 10. The absorbance maximum was observed at 372 nm (ester of ferulic acid) for non-hydrolysed extracts and at 345 nm (sodium ferulate) for hydrolysed extracts.

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Sugahara, Yasusato, and Akira Takahashi. "ACID HYDROLYSIS OF OXYCELLULOSE." Sen'i Gakkaishi 45, no. 6 (1989): 258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.45.6_258.

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Vårum, K. "Acid hydrolysis of chitosans." Carbohydrate Polymers 46, no. 1 (2001): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8617(00)00288-5.

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Hilpmann, G., N. Becher, F. A. Pahner, et al. "Acid hydrolysis of xylan." Catalysis Today 259 (January 2016): 376–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2015.04.044.

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Vladimirova, M. V., I. A. Kulikov, and A. A. Kuprii. "Trialkyl phosphate acid hydrolysis." Soviet Atomic Energy 70, no. 2 (1991): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01121851.

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Lokeswari, N., and K. Jaya Raju. "Optimization of Gallic Acid Production from Terminalia Chebula byAspergillus niger." E-Journal of Chemistry 4, no. 2 (2007): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/649306.

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A method for producing gallic acid by microbiological hydrolysis of the tannins of myrobalan seed powder is described in the present work. Hydrolysis of gallotannins of the substrate to gallic acid byAspergillus nigerMTCC 282 was studied. A simple extraction procedure is used. Fungal mycelia pre-induced with 5 g/L gallotannin was used as inoculums. Optimal conditions of production were determined using various parameters including gallotannin concentration, nutritional source and metal ions are determined. Gallotannin is hydrolyzed with acid, and gallic acid in the hydrolyses is then assayed u

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Cassini, S. T., M. C. E. Andrade, T. A. Abreu, R. Keller, and R. F. Gonçalves. "Alkaline and acid hydrolytic processes in aerobic and anaerobic sludges: effect on total EPS and fractions." Water Science and Technology 53, no. 8 (2006): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.235.

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Sludge samples from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and four submerged aerated biofilters (BFs) of a wastewater treatment plant (1,000 inhab.) were processed at bench scale by alkaline and acid hydrolysis with the objective to evaluate the organic matter solubilization, volatile solids (VS) destruction and the effect of hydrolytic processes on the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) fraction of the sludge samples. The results showed that alkaline hydrolysis of sludge samples treatment with 1.0% total solids (TS) using NaOH 20 meq L−1 was more efficient on organic matter

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Littlejohn, David, Abigail R. Wizansky, and S. G. Chang. "The dissociation constant and acid hydrolysis rate of hydroxysulfamic acid." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 10 (1989): 1596–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-243.

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The acid dissociation constant and hydrolysis rate of hydroxysulfamic acid (HSA) in acid aqueous solutions have been studied. The acid dissociation constant was determined to be K = 1.5 ± 0.5 M at 298 K. The hydrolysis rate, R, was found to be R = k[H+][HSA], where k = 6.2 × 1012 exp (−26 300/RT) M−1 s−1 at (μ = 1.0 M and [HSA] is the concentration of all forms of hydroxysulfamic acid. Keywords: hydroxysulfamic acid, hydrolysis, acid dissociation.

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Satarn, Jintara, Wimonporn Lamamorphanth, and Khanita Kamwilaisak. "Acid Hydrolysis from Corn Stover for Reducing Sugar." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 1608–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.1608.

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The aim of this study is to extract the reducing sugar by acid hydrolysis of corn stover. The corn stover was hydrolyzed by using H2SO4 at different concentrations (0-6%, v/v),reaction times (15-180 min) at temperature 122 C with ratio of 1 g of corn stover to 20 ml of H2SO4 solution. The samples were analyzed the reducing sugar by HPLC. The optimal conditions of acid hydrolysis was at 1% H2SO4 (v/v), 122 C for 60 min, which produced 24.96 g/L of reducing sugar. The hydrolysed sample composed of 12.4 g/L of xylose, 2.9 g/l of glucose and 3.2 g/L of arabinose. Also, the Scanning Electron Micros

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Rahmah, Nur Lailatul, Siti Mazlina Mustapa Kamal, Alifdalino Sulaiman, Farah Saleena Taip, and Shamsul Izhar Siajam. "Recovery of glucose and acetic acid from Piper betle Linn leaves by subcritical water hydrolysis." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 25, no. 1 (2025): 62–74. https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.14875.

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Piper betle Linn (PBL) leaves contain high carbohydrate, which can be hydrolysed into glucose and acetic acid by hydrolysis method. Subcritical water hydrolysis (SWH) is an environmentally friendly method that uses water as a solvent and is suitable for the hydrolysis process. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the glucose and acetic acid recovered from PBLleaves using SWH. SWH was performed under different process conditions (temperature range from 100 to 275°C and time range from 5 to 30 min) using a factorial design. Glucose and acetic acid were determined using high performance liq

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Ilalova, Guzel, Ruslan Safin, Shamil Mukhametzyanov, and Albina Gazizullina. "Hydrolysis as a basis for processing vegetable waste into bioplastics." E3S Web of Conferences 221 (2020): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022103009.

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The greening of processing waste from logging and woodworking industries involves measures to prevent the negative impact of production processes on the natural environment and is enabled by the development of resource-saving techniques that minimize harmful emissions to the environment. These production operations are based on hydrolytic cleavage of glycoside bonds of vegetable biomass polysaccharides with the formation of monosaccharides as the main reaction products. Despite the wide range of available methods of processing wood into promising materials (heat treatment, pyrolysis, hydrolysi

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John, Christina V., and Aruna P. Jadhav. "FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES OF VINCAMINE BY HPTLC." INDIAN DRUGS 60, no. 11 (2023): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.60.11.14129.

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Vincamine is an alkaloid with vasodilator properties. Vinpocetine, a semi-synthetic vincamine derivative alkaloid, is used to treat cerebrovascular diseases like stroke and dementia. Being an important molecule, the current research work examines the forced degradation studies of vincamine using planar chromatography, HPTLC using stability studies parameters such as degradation by acid and base hydrolysis, oxidative stress degradation, hydrolytic induced degradation, photolytic degradation and dry heat degradation. The compound was found to be stable to oxidative stress, but significant degrad

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Yadav, Homeshwari, and Prof S. A. Bhoite Prof. S. A. Bhoite. "Acid Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Di-2-Methoxy-4- Nitroaniline Phosphate." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 6 (2012): 63–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/june2014/24.

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Chen, Rui, Shengdong Zhu, Cunwu Chen, Bo Cheng, Jie Chen, and Yuanxin Wu. "Reviving the Acid Hydrolysis Process of Lignocellulosic Material in Biorefinery." BioResources 9, no. 2 (2014): 1824–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.9.2.1824-1827.

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The acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic material (LM) is one of the most widely studied and important subprocess in the LM biorefinery. After acid hydrolysis, LM can be converted to various biofuels, biochemicals, and biomaterials through chemical or biochemical methods. However, conventional LM acid hydrolysis is not regarded as a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly process because it has drawbacks such as difficulties in acid recovery, equipment corrosion, and chemical wastes from the neutralization of acid and the removal of LM degradation products. Use of ionic liquids and solid aci

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