Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Aluminium Granulaire”
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Calmels, Brian. "Granular aluminum as a building block of superinductances". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025UPASP027.
Pełny tekst źródłaSuperconducting circuits are part of a growing group of hardware platforms which successfully demonstrated quantum information processing, from quantum error correction to quantum limited amplification. The development of quantum circuits for information processing requires the implementation of ultra low-loss microwave resonators with small dimensions. An important resource for resonator miniaturization is the kinetic inductance of superconductors, Lk , which can exceed the magnetic (“geometrical”) inductance Lg by several orders of magnitude in narrow and thin superconducting films. Due to its large critical current density compared to aluminium based Josephson junctions, its resilience to external magnetic fields, and its low dissipation, its high coherence in the microwave domain and its intrinsic non-linearity, granular aluminum (or GrAl), self-assembled nano-grains of aluminium in a matrix of AlOₓ is an attractive choice for superconducting hybrid systems operating at radio-frequencies. In this PhD, we explore the possibility of using GrAl for obtaining superinductances with low microwave losses. Although GrAl has been successfully employed e.g. in fluxonium quantum bits, the realization of superconducting quantum processors still requires orders of magnitude improvements in coherence. This task is complicated by the fact that several types of imperfections, both microscopic and macroscopic, are concomitantly present, depending on system design, micro-fabrication technology, and materials. We show that the great sensitivity of GrAl thin film properties to oxygen content during deposition leads to important reproducibility and homogeneity issues, and we bring several solutions to circumvent these inherent difficulties. In a second time, we characterize the superconducting properties of GrAl thin films (30nm) resonators and investigate the best trade-off between having high kinetic inductance and a lossless material. In particular, we present resonator samples with kinetic inductances up to 4.5 nH per square with low photon number internal quality factors of the order of 10⁵. We also investigate the microwave sources of noise in GrAl through resonator frequency noise spectral analyses
GADENNE, PETIT MIREILLE. "Proprietes de transport de couches minces d'or granulaire : absorption infra-rouge, effets dimensionnels". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066385.
Pełny tekst źródłaErgin, Guvenc. "Étude de la mouillabilité des particules granulaires par les alliages d'aluminium durant la filtration d'aluminium /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2006. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa p. de t. porte en outre: Thèse présentée à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi pour l'obtention du doctorat en ingénierie. CaQCU Bibliogr.: f. 130-147. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
Cassiano, Gaspar Stefania. "Mise en forme par extrusion de supports de catalyseurs à base d'alumine et à microstructure multi-échelles : Effet de la composition granulaire et du liant sur les propriétés des matériaux". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0056/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe controlled packing of different sized-granules is a concept widely used in most of the shaping material processes. This hierarchical organization is known to improve the flow properties during shaping and the mechanical characteristics of the finished material. It seemed interesting to apply this concept in order to prepare catalyst supports by extrusion containing small (2 µm) and large (19 µm) porous alumina granules assembled by a traditional binder, the peptized and neutralized boehmite, or by a more original, an aluminum phosphate binder. This study aims to investigate the effect of binder type and of the multiscale microstructure achieved by the packing of different granules size on textural and mechanical support properties. The control of kneading and extrusion conditions associated with the optimized binder formulation, conducted to similar microstructures with both binders according to the amount of each granular population. Small granules fills better the residual spaces between the larges between 40 and 60 wt.% and loosens them with strongest contents. Binder shrinkage during heat treatment generates a macroporosity which is minimized when small granules fills the voids formed by the larger ones. Minimal macroporosity leads to better crushing resistance (by Brazilian test) and the most resistant materials are the ones shaped with the aluminum phosphate. This result is explained by the high cohesive capacity of this binder obtained in situ by reaction of the phosphoric acid with the boehmite and the border of the alumina granules. In this case, the breakage takes place inside the granules differently from the supports shaped with the peptized boehmite by nitric acid which present a breakage at the granule-binder interface. Also, the multiscale microstructure materials present a better tenacity determined by three point bending. Aluminum phosphate being a non-porous binder, leads to supports with a weaker mesoporosity. The new multiscale microstructure supports seem interesting for several catalytic applications that are sensitive to diffusivity and mechanical properties
Grünhaupt, Lukas [Verfasser], i A. V. [Akademischer Betreuer] Ustinov. "Granular aluminium superinductors / Lukas Grünhaupt ; Betreuer: A. V. Ustinov". Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1197233202/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaMurray-Chiasson, Audrey. "Étude de la relâche des inclusions lors de la filtration de l'aluminium liquide /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2002. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Pełny tekst źródłaVerdu, Catherine. "Origines microstructurales et modélisation de l’Amorçage des fissures inter granulaires d'un alliage Al-Li-Cu-Mg-(Zr)". Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0012.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work is concerned with the microscopic mechanisms of inter granular fracture in an Al. Li. Cu. Mg. (Zr) alloy. By means of an original approach, it has been shown that the fracture of this alloy is due to his specific plastic deformation mode. Indeed, only a one single slip system is mainly activated due to a very pronounced crystallographic texture and the shearing of Al Li precipitates. Therefore incompatible deformation occurs between contiguous grains. It induces a localisation of the plastic deformation near the grain boundaries and the initiation of a very coarsened and sinuous slip. Inter granular granular cracks are mainly due to the interaction of slips with grain boundaries. The crack initiation is also enhanced because of the plastically interaction stress field induced by incompatibility problems between: the T2 phase and the precipitate free zone. In the last part of this work an inter granular crack initiation model is proposed from the formation of dislocations pile ups against the grain boundaries. This model leads to à clear understanding of the inter granular fracture in the againg Al. Li. Cu. Mg. (Zr) alloys
Yao, Xiangdong. "Modeling of microstructure formation during solidification /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18504.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaCadel, Emmanuel. "Etude de la ségrégation intra et intergranulaire de solutés par sonde atomique tomographique et microscopie électronique en transmission". Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES036.
Pełny tekst źródłaAntoun, Marc. "Vers une meilleure compatibilité ciment/mâchefer (MIDND) dans la formulation de matériaux cimentaires intégrant un ciment sulfo-alumineux". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MTLD0002.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn a world where circular economy and the valorization of raw materials is taking a greater importance, municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash is identified as potentially renewable resource in the construction field and more specifically in cementitious materials like mortar and concrete. Given the origin of the bottom ash and in order to have a better cement/MSWI bottom ash compatibility, the fraction used was as refined as possible by removing ferrous, non-ferrous and unwanted materials. The choice of the cement used is a critical factor as well because it affects the quality of the end product since MSWI bottom ash has particular physicochemical properties. The work in this PhD studies the advantages of using a sulfo-aluminate cement to valorize an improved 0/2 mm fraction of bottom ash that has been developed to be used in cementitious matrices. The first part presents the results of the mortar sample mixes containing bottom ash in a substitution by volume of the standard sand. To better highlight the effect of using a sulfo-aluminate (CSA), CSA mortars containing bottom ash were compared to a Portland cement (OPC) mortars, with substitution rates of 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % were used. A study of the porosity was then conducted at 90 days ; it shows that the pores larger to 50 nm are remarkably less present for CSA mortars. This thesis brings forward a major and innovative result : the level of alkalinity of the mortar plays an important role in the release of hydrogen gas after mixing and before setting. The presence of these gases creates large porosity in the hardened mortar samples. The second part studies the physical and microstructural aspects of the mortars after being immersed in aggressive environments : pure water and sulfate solution. The substitution rates used in this experiment were 50 % and 100 % by volume as well as the reference mortars with no bottom ash. These samples were then studied in the SEM which showed that CSA/bottom ash mortars were clearly less affected than the OPC/bottom ash mortars. This was highlighted by the porosity, the cracking and the depth of degraded zone
Catalot-Martinent, Valérie. "Étude de suspensions ciment alumineux-eau : corrélations rhéologie-granularité-compacité". Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG4209.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlbert, Virginie. "Macroségrégations et mouvement des cristaux équiaxes lors de la solidification d'alliages". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL037N.
Pełny tekst źródłaVarasquim, Francisco Mateus Faria de Almeida [UNESP]. "Efeitos da granulometria, do desgaste e do tipo de material abrasivo no lixamento plano de madeiras". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/111072.
Pełny tekst źródłaO processo de lixamento é indispensável para situações onde os processos anteriores de fabricação não foram capazes de garantir as dimensões finais da peça produzida ou quando a qualidade superficial desejada não foi atingida. Este processo é muito usado em indústrias de painéis e de móveis, no entanto, quase sempre é empregado de forma empírica, sem o conhecimento adequado. No presente trabalho analisou-se a influência da granulometria, do desgaste abrasivo e do material abrasivo no lixamento plano da Corymbia citriodora e do Pinus elliottii. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar e compreender a correlação entre os fatores de entrada (granulometria da lixa, desgaste do abrasivo, tipo do abrasivo) sobre as variáveis de saída (potência de lixamento, emissão acústica, vibração, rugosidade e integridade superficial) no processo de lixamento. O sistema desenvolvido e utilizado foi composto por uma lixadeira plana, um sistema de aquisição de dados e um sistema eletromecânico de ensaios com acionamento pneumático. Para a análise da influência da granulometria, do desgaste e do tipo do abrasivo foram utilizadas três granulometrias (80, 100 e 120 mesh), três tipos de grão abrasivos (óxido de alumínio, carbeto de silício e óxido de zircônio), três níveis de desgaste do grão abrasivo (sem desgaste, desgaste intermediário, desgaste severo) e duas espécies de madeira sendo realizadas seis repetições para cada configuração de ensaio, totalizando 324 ensaios. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente através de análise de variância (ANOVA) com nível de significância de 5%, acompanhado do teste de Tukey, que compara as variações aos pares. O sistema eletromecânico de ensaios de lixamento projetado mostrou-se bastante eficiente na aquisição dos dados. O desgaste do grão abrasivo influenciou significativamente ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
The sanding process is indispensable for situations where the manufacturing processes were not sufficient to ensure the final dimensions or when the desired surface quality was not achieved. This process is frequently used in panels and furniture industries, however, is almost always used empirically, without the proper knowledge. In the present study we analyzed the influence of particle size, abrasive wear and the abrasive type on Corymbia citriodora and Pinus elliottii sanding. The objective was to study and understand the correlation between the input factors (particle size, abrasive wear, abrasive type) on the output variables (power sanding, acoustic emission, vibration, roughness and surface integrity) in sanding process. The system developed and used consists of a flat sander, a data acquisition system and an electromechanical testing system with pneumatic actuation. It was used three particle sizes (80, 100 and 120 mesh), three types of grain abrasives (aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and zirconium oxide), three levels of abrasive wear (no wear, intermediate wear, severe wear) and two species of wood for the analysis, it was made six replications for each test configuration, totaling 324. The results were statistically analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA) with a significance level of 5%, followed by the Tukey test, which compares the variations in pairs. The electromechanical testing system designed sanding proved to be very efficient in data acquisition. The abrasive wear influenced significantly roughness in both species and all abrasive grains types. The variables that wear influenced less were acoustic emission and vibration. The best values of roughness were obtained for aluminum oxide grains and the worst for silicon carbide grains. The SEM images and topography were important to understand the interaction of the abrasive grain with wood surface
Menet, Claire. "Etude du comportement thermomécanique de matériaux sable-résine et application aux noyaux de fonderie d'aluminium". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI119.
Pełny tekst źródłaBetter knowledge about the mechanical behavior of foundry sand cores is required in order to optimize the aluminum cylinder head production process. Sand cores allow the casting of complex shape metallic parts and are made of sand grains, bound with a resin in low proportion. Sand cores are subjected to high temperatures and complex mechanical load during the production process. This study aims at characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of sand cores under various loads depending on the binder proportion, the temperature and mostly the binder thermal degradation. Particularly, we focus on the cores damage and fracture mechanisms. The understanding of such phenomena could lead to an optimization of the decoring step, consisting in the fracture and removing of the core from the metallic part. Indeed, the results of this Ph.D. thesis will be used to implement a numerical model of the decoring process. Different kinds of mechanical loads have been studied: bending, compression, shear, push-out, fatigue, creep or also oedometric tests. They correspond to different kinds of load, with or without confining pressure and allow a characterization of the bulk or the surface of the material. The core damage is followed by mechanical tests with unload-reload cycles sequences. For all the cases, the core mechanical behavior is highly dependent on the binder properties and thermal degradation. For example, the thermal degradation induced by the aluminum casting modifies and degrades significantly the core properties. Analogies could be drawn between the binder properties, bonded-sand cores mechanical behavior and the evolution of the fracture surfaces
Chakravarty, Somik. "Mechanical properties of cohesionless and cohesive bulk solids : transition from non-cohesive to cohesive powders". Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2423.
Pełny tekst źródłaHandling and processing of granular material release fine solid dust particles, which in an occupational setting, can severely affect worker health & safety and the overall plant operation. Dustiness or the ability of a material to release dust particles depends on several material and process parameters and is usually measured by lab-scale dustiness testers. Dustiness tests remain mostly experimental studies and lack reliable predictive ability due to limited understanding of the dust generation mechanisms and the complex interactions between the particles, wall and fluid, occurring simultaneously during dust generation. In the framework of EU ITN project T-MAPPP, this thesis uses an experimental approach to understand the dust generation mechanisms by studying: a) the effects of key bulk and particle properties on powder dustiness; b) the nature and magnitude of inter-particle, particle-wall and particle-fluid interactions; c) the evolution of dustiness and generation mechanisms for long duration powder applications. The results indicate that the dust generation mechanisms differ based on particle size and size distribution of the powder. For the given test samples and experimental conditions, the differences in powder dustiness and dust emission patterns can be characterized by three different groups of powders; powders containing fine cohesive particles, bi-modal (consisting of fine and large particles) powders and lastly, powders consisting of only large particles. While bulk cohesion, especially that stemming from van der Waals forces (measured using shear testers) determines the level of dustiness for the fine powders (in such a way that higher bulk cohesion leads to lower dustiness), both the fraction of fine particles and cohesion determine the dustiness of bi-modal powders. The large particles can emit dust only through attrition of the primary particles into smaller aerosolizable fine particles. Analysis of a traced particle motion inside a cylindrical tube agitated by a vortex shaker dustiness tester shows the cyclic nature of the particle motion. The motion (position and velocity) is symmetric and isotropic in the horizontal plane with lowest radial velocities close to the tube centre and highest at the boundary wall of the test tube. The particles tend to rise up slowly in the middle of the tube while descending rapidly close to the wall. The highest values of the velocity are found at the highest heights and close to the wall of the test tube, where the population densities are lowest. Increasing particle size and vortex rotation speeds tends to increase particle velocity whereas increase in powder mass leads to a decrease in particle velocity for rotation speeds up to 1500 rpm. For the given samples (silicon carbide, alumina and acetylene coke) and the experimental conditions, the initial dustiness is determined by the fraction of fine respirable particles present in the powder but the long-term dust generation patterns and levels are influenced by the material attrition behaviour. Dust is generated by the fragmentation and/or abrasion of primary particles, which may lead to the production and emission of fine daughter particles as dust. The samples with large irregularly shaped particles are likely to show high dustiness by shedding angular corners through inter-particle and particle-wall collisions, thus becoming more spherical in shape. On the contrary, the smaller particles are more resistant to abrasion and generate relatively less dust. While the vortex shaker dustiness tests show similar trends as an attrition tester, our study using alumina and acetylene coke indicate that the results are not interchangeable. Results from this thesis help understand the influence of powder and process parameters which may be manipulated to reduce dust generation. Furthermore, experimental results can be used to develop and validate numerical models to predict dustiness
Soni, Harsh. "Flocks, Flow and Fluctuations in Inanimate Matter : Simulations and Theory". Thesis, 2015. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4229.
Pełny tekst źródłaHenriques, Fábio Alexandre Ferreira. "Design and fabrication of phonon traps to reduce the density of quasi-particles in superconducting quantum circuits". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/86112.
Pełny tekst źródłaCircuitos supercondutores quânticos oferecem um leque abrangente de aplicações em campos como a computação quântica, com qubits supercondutores, detecção de radiação na forma de detectores de indutância cinética (KIDs). Estes circuitos são compostos por filmes finos de materiais supercondutores, como Alúminio, depositados sobre um substrato dieléctrico, como silício ou safira, e funcionam a temperaturas criogénicas de algumas dezenas de mili-Kelvins. A eficiência destes circuitos pode ser prejudicada pela presença de excitações do estado supercondutor fundamental a que damos o nome de quase-partículas, que criam um canal para dissipação e introduzem ruído no sistema. Neste texto propomos que a propagação de fonões no substrato pode actuar como mediador para a criação destas partículas. Introduzimos também uma estratégia para suprimir este fenómeno implementando traps de fonões, com o objectivo de suprimir a propagação de fonões no substrato. Testamos os efeitos de armadilhas de fonões feitas a partir de Alumínio em ressonadores de Alumínio granulado. E medimos um aumento no factor de qualidade interno de até três vezes, no regime em que apenas um fotão circula os ressonadores. Observamos também a supressão parcial do ruído 1/f e da taxa e energia de eventos estocásticos. Indicando que a criação de quase-partículas é de facto mediada pela propagação de fonões, e que a implementação de armadilhas de fonões pode de facto melhorar o desempenho de circuitos supercondutores quânticos.
Superconducting quantum circuits are an active field of research with various applications such as in fault tolerant quantum computation, with superconducting quantum bits showing good performance, and radiation detection, in the form of kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs). These circuits are made of thin films of superconducting materials, such as Aluminum, deposited over a dielectric substrate, such as Silicon or Sapphire, operating at cryogenic temperatures of a few tens of mili-Kelvin. Their efficiency can be degraded by the presence of excitations of the superconducting ground state called quasi-particles which behave mostly like electrons. They add a channel for dissipation and introduce noise to the system. In this text we propose, that phonon propagation in the substrate can act as a mediator for the creation of these quasi-particles, and introduce a strategy to suppress this phenomena by implementing phonon traps. We tested the effects of Aluminum phonon traps in granular Aluminum resonators and measured an increase of internal quality factor in the single photon regime of up to a factor of three. We also observed a partial suppression of 1/f noise and of rate and maximum energy of stochastic bursts, indicating that quasi-particle creation is in fact partially mediated by phonon propagation in the substrate, as hypothesized, and that the implementation of phonon traps is an efficient, easy to implement way of improving the performance of superconducting quantum circuits.