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Le, Tertre Alain. "Séries temporelles et analyse combinée des liens pollution atmosphérique et santé". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066434.
Pełny tekst źródłaToque, Carole. "Pour l'identification de modèles factoriels de séries temporelles : application aux ARMA stationnaires". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001966.
Pełny tekst źródłaDesrosiers, Maxime. "Le prix du risque idiosyncrasique : une analyse en séries temporelles et coupe transversale". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67076.
Pełny tekst źródłaDesrues, Mathilde. "Surveillance opérationnelle de mouvements gravitaires par séries temporelles d'images". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021STRAH002.
Pełny tekst źródłaUnderstanding the dynamics and the behavior of gravitational slope movements is essential to anticipate catastrophic failures and thus to protect lives and infrastructures. Several geodetic techniques already bring some information on the displacement / deformation fields of the unstable slopes. These techniques allow the analysis of the geometrical properties of the moving masses and of the mechanical behavior of the slopes. By combining time series of passive terrestrial imagery and these classical techniques, the amount of collected information is densified and spatially distributed. Digital passive sensors are increasingly used for the detection and the monitoring of gravitational motion. They provide both qualitative information, such as the detection of surface changes, and a quantitative characterization, such as the quantification of the soil displacement by correlation techniques. Our approach consists in analyzing time series of terrestrial images from either a single fixed camera or pair-wise cameras, the latter to obtain redundant and additional information. The time series are processed to detect the areas in which the Kinematic behavior is homogeneous. The slope properties, such as the sliding volume and the thickness of the moving mass, are part of the analysis results to obtain an overview which is as complete as possible. This work is presented around the analysis of four landslides located in the French Alps. It is part of a CIFRE/ANRT agreement between the SAGE Society - Société Alpine de Géotechnique (Gières, France) and the IPGS - Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR 7516 (Strasbourg, France)
Ben, othmane Zied. "Analyse et visualisation pour l'étude de la qualité des séries temporelles de données imparfaites". Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS002.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on the quality of the information collected by sensors on the web. These data form time series that are incomplete, imprecise, and are on quantitative scales that are not very comparable. In this context, we are particularly interested in the variability and stability of these time series. We propose two approaches to quantify them. The first is based on a representation using quantiles, the second is a fuzzy approach. Using these indicators, we propose an interactive visualization tool dedicated to the analysis of the quality of the harvest carried out by the sensors. This work is part of a CIFRE collaboration with Kantar
Owusu, Patrick Asante. "Modélisation de dépendances dans des séries temporelles co-évolutives". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0104.
Pełny tekst źródłaCurrent research in time series analysis shows that there are insufficient formal approaches for modelling the dependencies of multiple or co-evolving time series as they change over time. In this dissertation, we develop a formal approach for analysing the temporality and evolution of dependencies via the definitions of sub-time series, where a sub-time series is a segment of the original time series data. In general, we design an approach based on the principle of sliding windows to analyse the temporal nature and dependency changes between evolving time series. More precisely, each sub-time series is analysed independently to understand the local dependencies and how these dependencies shift as the window moves forward in time. This, therefore, allows us to model the temporal evolution of dependencies with finer granularity. Our contributions relating to the modelling of dependencies highlight the significance of understanding the dynamic interconnections between multiple time series that evolve together over time. The primary objective is to develop robust techniques to effectively capture these evolving dependencies, thereby improving the analysis and prediction of complex systems such as financial markets, climate systems, and other domains generating voluminous time series data. The dissertation explores the use of autoregressive models and proposes novel methods for identifying and modelling these dependencies, addressing the limitations of traditional methods that often overlook the temporal dynamics and scalability required for handling large datasets. A core aspect of the research is the development of a two-step approach to detect and model evolving effects in multiple time series. The first step involves identifying patterns to recreate series variations over various time intervals using finite linear models. This step is crucial for capturing the temporal dependencies within the data. By leveraging a sequence of bipartite graphs, the study models change across multiple time series, linking repetitive and new dependencies at varying time durations in sub-series. This approach not only simplifies the process of identifying dependencies but also provides a scalable solution for analysing large datasets, as demonstrated through experiments with, for example, real-world financial market data. The dissertation further emphasises the importance of interpretability in modelling co-evolving time series. By integrating large language models (LLMs) and context-aware techniques, the research enhances the understanding of the underlying factors driving changes in time series data. This interpretability is achieved through the construction of temporal graphs and the serialisation of these graphs into natural language, providing clear and comprehensive insights into the dependencies and interactions within the data. The combination of autoregressive models and LLMs enables the generation of plausible and interpretable predictions, making the approach suitable for real-world applications where trust and clarity in model outputs are paramount
Ladjouze, Salim. "Problèmes d'estimation dans les séries temporelles stationnaires avec données manquantes". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1986. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00319946.
Pełny tekst źródłaAchouch, Ayman. "Analyse économétrique des prix des métaux : une application multivariée des méthodes statistiques aux séries temporelles". Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10025.
Pełny tekst źródłaHéas, Patrick. "Apprentissage bayésien de structures spatio-temporelles : application à la fouille visuelle de séries temporelles d'images de satellites". Toulouse, ENSAE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ESAE0004.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoulin, Alexis. "Partitionnement des variables de séries temporelles multivariées selon la dépendance de leurs extrêmes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5039.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn a wide range of applications, from climate science to finance, extreme events with a non-negligible probability can occur, leading to disastrous consequences. Extremes in climatic events such as wind, temperature, and precipitation can profoundly impact humans and ecosystems, resulting in events like floods, landslides, or heatwaves. When the focus is on studying variables measured over time at numerous specific locations, such as the previously mentioned variables, partitioning these variables becomes essential to summarize and visualize spatial trends, which is crucial in the study of extreme events. This thesis explores several models and methods for partitioning the variables of a multivariate stationary process, focusing on extreme dependencies.Chapter 1 introduces the concepts of modeling dependence through copulas, which are fundamental for extreme dependence. The notion of regular variation, essential for studying extremes, is introduced, and weakly dependent processes are discussed. Partitioning is examined through the paradigms of separation-proximity and model-based clustering. Non-asymptotic analysis is also addressed to evaluate our methods in fixed dimensions.Chapter 2 study the dependence between maximum values is crucial for risk analysis. Using the extreme value copula function and the madogram, this chapter focuses on non-parametric estimation with missing data. A functional central limit theorem is established, demonstrating the convergence of the madogram to a tight Gaussian process. Formulas for asymptotic variance are presented, illustrated by a numerical study.Chapter 3 proposes asymptotically independent block (AI-block) models for partitioning variables, defining clusters based on the independence of maxima. An algorithm is introduced to recover clusters without specifying their number in advance. Theoretical efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated, and a data-driven parameter selection method is proposed. The method is applied to neuroscience and environmental data, showcasing its potential.Chapter 4 adapts partitioning techniques to analyze composite extreme events in European climate data. Sub-regions with dependencies in extreme precipitation and wind speed are identified using ERA5 data from 1979 to 2022. The obtained clusters are spatially concentrated, offering a deep understanding of the regional distribution of extremes. The proposed methods efficiently reduce data size while extracting critical information on extreme events.Chapter 5 proposes a new estimation method for matrices in a latent factor linear model, where each component of a random vector is expressed by a linear equation with factors and noise. Unlike classical approaches based on joint normality, we assume factors are distributed according to standard Fréchet distributions, allowing a better description of extreme dependence. An estimation method is proposed, ensuring a unique solution under certain conditions. An adaptive upper bound for the estimator is provided, adaptable to dimension and the number of factors
Khaleghi, Azadeh. "Sur quelques problèmes non-supervisés impliquant des séries temporelles hautement dépendantes". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920333.
Pełny tekst źródłaBouopda, Pierre Kamé. "Analyse des séries temporelles : une application à la modélisation macroéconomique des comportements bancaires dans le cas français". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA01A017.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work deals with the recent methods of time series analysis in order to outline, in the French case, macroeconomic behaviors of banks. This view leads as to take account of stationary processes, integration and cointegration concepts within the whole of tests. Our empirical strategy is issued mainly, first, of Hendry's works upon data generating processes (DGP) and, at a second time on Engle and Granger's on error correction models (ECM). Our econometrical methodology aims to an homogene writing way of the specification, making our empirical models such as : liquidity in the banks, short terms credit interest rates, long term credit supplies and bonds supplies, essy to read, to analyse and underline good statistical performances
Pealat, Clément. "Modélisation du flux de patients aux urgences liés aux maladies respiratoires par analyse géométrique de séries temporelles". Thesis, Lyon, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LYSEI017.
Pełny tekst źródłaEvery year, during the winter period, hospitals are deeply impacted by the arrival of winter viruses. These winter viruses, influenza and RSV, are difficult to anticipate. Indeed, these epidemic phenomena are not perfectly periodic and have an impact mainly on the length of stay of patients rather than on the number of arrivals. It is therefore not possible to anticipate these epidemics by directly analyzing the number of patients arriving in the emergency department per day. A posteriori, in order to have an image of the epidemic, PCR tests are carried out on the hospital's patients. In addition, a patient arriving at the emergency department is immediately classified according to his symptoms. We then propose to gather the positive PCR tests and the number of arrivals per symptom via time series clustering. This highlights the symptoms related to viruses. Thus, to anticipate an arrival of an epidemic in a near future, we can use the number of arrivals for the virus marker symptoms rather than the total number of arrivals at the emergency department. To achieve this clustering, we propose an innovative method based on a geometric representation of time series. In particular, we highlight the efficiency of using the Riemmannian geometry applied to the Grassmann manifold (via a representation on the Stiefel manifold) to analyze time series
Collilieux, Xavier. "Analyse des séries temporelles de positions des stations de géodésie spatiale : application au Repère International de Référence Terrestre (ITRF)". Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 2008. https://hal.science/tel-02095044.
Pełny tekst źródłaFor the first time of its history, the latest to date realization of the International Terrestrial Reference System, the ITRF2005, has been generated from station position time series of the four main space geodetic techniques: the Global Positioning System (GPS), the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), the Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), and the Doppler Orbit determination and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS). The ITRF computation process consists in stacking the station positions of each technique individually and then combining those using local ties. Meanwhile, time series of station positions allow investigating not only their temporal variations but also global biases that affect reference frame determination. In addition, the current ITRF computation process is a good opportunity to study the agreement of the station position estimations from the space geodetic techniques. To be comparable to each other, global biases which affect stations positions from each technique need to be properly estimated and removed. We have developed some methods to limit the aliasing effect which occurs during this estimation process. These methods have been applied to compare station height time series from VLBI, SLR, and GPS and geocenter motion time series. These analyses have highlighted a certain agreement at the annual frequency, which expresses the detection of loading effects. The use of a loading model in secular frame estimation process is therefore recommended
Khodor, Nadine. "Analyse de la dynamique des séries temporelles multi-variées pour la prédiction d’une syncope lors d’un test d’inclinaison". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S123/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaSyncope is a sudden loss of consciousness. Although it is not usually fatal, it has an economic impact on the health care system and the personal lives of people suffering. The purpose of this study is to reduce the duration of the clinical test (approximately 1 hour) and to avoid patients to develop syncope by early predicting the occurrence of syncope. The entire work fits into a data mining approach involving the feature extraction, feature selection and classification. 3 complementary approaches are proposed, the first one exploits nonlinear analysis methods of time series extracted from signals acquired during the test, the second one focuses on time- frequency (TF) relation between signals and suggests new indexes and the third one, the most original, takes into account their temporal dynamics
Lê, Thu Trang. "Extraction d'informations de changement à partir des séries temporelles d'images radar à synthèse d'ouverture". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAA020/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaA large number of successfully launched and operated Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellites has regularly provided multitemporal SAR and polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) images with high and very high spatial resolution over immense areas of the Earth surface. SAR system is appropriate for monitoring tasks thanks to the advantage of operating in all-time and all-weather conditions. With multitemporal data, both spatial and temporal information can simultaneously be exploited to improve the results of researche works. Change detection of specific features within a certain time interval has to deal with a complex processing of SAR data and the so-called speckle which affects the backscattered signal as multiplicative noise.The aim of this thesis is to provide a methodology for simplifying the analysis of multitemporal SAR data. Such methodology can benefit from the advantages of repetitive SAR acquisitions and be able to process different kinds of SAR data (i.e. single, multipolarization SAR, etc.) for various applications. In this thesis, we first propose a general framework based on a spatio-temporal information matrix called emph{Change Detection Matrix} (CDM). This matrix contains temporal neighborhoods which are adaptive to changed and unchanged areas thanks to similarity cross tests. Then, the proposed method is used to perform three different tasks:1) multitemporal change detection with different kinds of changes, which allows the combination of multitemporal pair-wise change maps to improve the performance of change detection result;2) analysis of change dynamics in the observed area, which allows the investigation of temporal evolution of objects of interest;3) nonlocal temporal mean filtering of SAR/PolSAR image time series, which allows us to avoid smoothing change information in the time series during the filtering process.In order to illustrate the relevancy of the proposed method, the experimental works of the thesis is performed on four datasets over two test-sites: Chamonix Mont-Blanc, France and Merapi volcano, Indonesia, with different types of changes (i.e., seasonal evolution, glaciers, volcanic eruption, etc.). Observations of these test-sites are performed on four SAR images time series from single polarization to full polarization, from medium to high, very high spatial resolution: Sentinel-1, ALOS-PALSAR, RADARSAT-2 and TerraSAR-X time series
Bac, Catherine. "Saisonnalité et non stationnarité : une analyse en termes de séries temporelles avec applications à la boucle prix salaire et à la dynamique des stocks". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010039.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study concerns the analysis of seasonal problems with regard to statistical analysis of time series and to economic as well as econometric modelling. Many economic time series are characterised by large seasonal variations. In the first part, unit root tests are reported. These tests are performed over american wage price series. This application highlight some drawbacks of seasonal filtering. Then lee's test have been extended for the application of seasonal cointegration tothe monthly data case. The application to stocks and productioin variables for american industry enabled to point out long term equilibrium relationships for the textile industry. In a second part, we have study periodic models. Non stationarity test for a univariate serie with periodic structure has been studied. Estimation problems for a periodic structurein a multivariate model are also examined. The application to inventories series exhibits a seasonal behavior. The production smoothing hypothesis has been reexamined in a third part, taking into account seasonal variations. The moldel is estimated with a maximum likelihood criterion, using the dalman filter. However, the data donot validate this hypothesis. Finally, the various aspects examined in this study have contributed to outline the information carried by seasonal movements
Sànchez, Pérez Andrés. "Agrégation de prédicteurs pour des séries temporelles, optimalité dans un contexte localement stationnaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0051.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis regroups our results on dependent time series prediction. The work is divided into three main chapters where we tackle different problems. The first one is the aggregation of predictors of Causal Bernoulli Shifts using a Bayesian approach. The second one is the aggregation of predictors of what we define as sub-linear processes. Locally stationary time varying autoregressive processes receive a particular attention; we investigate an adaptive prediction scheme for them. In the last main chapter we study the linear regression problem for a general class of locally stationary processes
Tatsa, Sylvestre. "Modélisation et prévision de la consommation horaire d'électricité au Québec : comparaison de méthodes de séries temporelles". Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30329/30329.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work explores the dynamics of residential electricity consumption in Quebec using hourly data from January 2006 to December 2010. We estimate three standard autoregressive models in time series analysis: the Holt-Winters exponential smoothing, the seasonal ARIMA model (SARIMA) and the seasonal ARIMA model with exogenous variables (SARIMAX). For the latter model, we focus on the effect of climate variables (temperature, relative humidity and dew point and cloud cover). Climatic factors have a significant impact on the short-term electricity consumption. The intra-sample and out-of-sample predictive performance of each model is evaluated with various adjustment indicators. Three out-of-sample time horizons are tested: 24 hours (one day), 72 hours (three days) and 168 hours (1 week). The SARIMA model provides the best out-of-sample predictive performance of 24 hours. The SARIMAX model reveals the most powerful out-of-sample time horizons of 72 and 168 hours. Additional research is needed to obtain predictive models fully satisfactory from a methodological point of view. Keywords: modeling, electricity, Holt-Winters, SARIMA, SARIMAX.
Cherif, Aymen. "Réseaux de neurones, SVM et approches locales pour la prévision de séries temporelles". Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4003/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaTime series forecasting is a widely discussed issue for many years. Researchers from various disciplines have addressed it in several application areas : finance, medical, transportation, etc. In this thesis, we focused on machine learning methods : neural networks and SVM. We have also been interested in the meta-methods to push up the predictor performances, and more specifically the local models. In a divide and conquer strategy, the local models perform a clustering over the data sets before different predictors are affected into each obtained subset. We present in this thesis a new algorithm for recurrent neural networks to use them as local predictors. We also propose two novel clustering techniques suitable for local models. The first is based on Kohonen maps, and the second is based on binary trees
Sànchez, Pérez Andrés. "Agrégation de prédicteurs pour des séries temporelles, optimalité dans un contexte localement stationnaire". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENST0051/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis regroups our results on dependent time series prediction. The work is divided into three main chapters where we tackle different problems. The first one is the aggregation of predictors of Causal Bernoulli Shifts using a Bayesian approach. The second one is the aggregation of predictors of what we define as sub-linear processes. Locally stationary time varying autoregressive processes receive a particular attention; we investigate an adaptive prediction scheme for them. In the last main chapter we study the linear regression problem for a general class of locally stationary processes
Corbineau, Ana. "Variabilité temporelle des grands poissons pélagiques exploités dans les écosystèmes marins tropicaux". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066257.
Pełny tekst źródłaZongo, Sylvie Brizard. "Fluctuations multi-échelles et extrêmes dans les séries temporelles biogéochimiques à moyen et long terme en milieu marin côtier". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10135/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on the study of biogeochemical time series in order to characterize the dynamics of their fluctuations on a wide range of scales, and in particular their extremes. The databases analyzed here are mainly provided by the MAREL and SOMLIT programmes. The MAREL program is a network of automatic measuring devices monitoring coastal marine environments implemented by Ifremer. The SOMLIT is a French national program operated by INSU. The measurements are made once every two weeks on the fixed stations. In order to analyze these time series, methods have been borrowed from the fields of numerical analysis and turbulence. The study was conducted in three parts. In the first part, we consider the high frequency time series. The Fourier spectral analysis reveals the influence of physical forcing on the distribution of the parameters. The second part of the study compares SOMLIT and MAREL results recorded from sites near Boulogne-sur-mer. The comparison of the two measuring systems (manual and automatic) showed that while they are complementary, the automatic MAREL system is more informative. The probability density functions (pdfs) of some ratios reveal extreme values in their dynamics. These pdfs reveal in all cases a hyperbolic behavior in the tail probability of the ratios. In the third part, we consider the influence of extremes events of the Seine flow on the distribution of some biogeochemical parameters. This section is also concerned with the analysis of data at high frequency in order to estimate of water masses state in the English Channel within the context of the Water Framework Directive (WFD)
Tatard, Lucile. "Analyse statistique des glissements de terrain déclenchés : implications sur les contrôles sismiques et climatiques". Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENU010.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe analyse the 1996-2004 New Zealand landslide time series in time and rate and find a strong correlation in landslide occurrences. This time correlation is not found to be driven by the earthquake-landslide nor the landslide-landslide interactions but by climate-landslide interactions. We compare the occurrence of landslides in time, space and rate of New Zealand, Yosemite (California, USA), Grenoble (French Alps), Val d'Arly (French Alps), Australia and Wollongong (New South Wales, Australia) as indicated by the corresponding catalogues. The New Zealand, Yosemite, Australia and Wollongong landslide daily rates between 1 and 1000 events per day are well fitted by a power law, suggesting that the same mechanism(s) are driving both the large landslide daily crises and the single events. The joint analysis of the six catalogues reveals parameters that allow sorting of the relative landslide occurrences in each of the six areas. Finally, we compare earthquake aftershock spatial distributions with the spatial distributions of landslides triggered by the Chi-Chi Mw7. 6 earthquake (Taiwan), by the Mw7. 6 Kashmir earthquake (Pakistan), by the Mw7. 2 Fiordland earthquake (New Zealand), by the Mw6. 6 Northridge earthquake (California) and by the Mw5. 6 Rotoehu earthquake (New Zealand). We show the seismic aftershocks and landslides to display roughly similar patterns with distances for given seismic events. We find no linear scaling of the number of landslides or aftershocks with any of the ground motion variables. We suggest that landslides and aftershocks are driven by the same mechanisms and shed light on the Peak Ground Displacement and static stress changes on landslide triggering
Tatard, Lucile. "Analyse statistique des glissements de terrain déclenchés : implications sur les contrôles sismiques et climatiques". Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00498011.
Pełny tekst źródłaGong, Xing. "Analyse de séries temporelles d’images à moyenne résolution spatiale : reconstruction de profils de LAI, démélangeage : application pour le suivi de la végétation sur des images MODIS". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN20021/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis PhD dissertation is concerned with time series analysis for medium spatial resolution (MSR) remote sensing images. The main advantage of MSR data is their high temporal rate which allows to monitor land use. However, two main problems arise with such data. First, because of cloud coverage and bad acquisition conditions, the resulting time series are often corrupted and not directly exploitable. Secondly, pixels in medium spatial resolution images are often “mixed” in the sense that the spectral response is a combination of the response of “pure” elements.These two problems are addressed in this PhD. First, we propose a data assimilation technique able to recover consistent time series of Leaf Area Index from corrupted MODIS sequences. To this end, a plant growth model, namely GreenLab, is used as a dynamical constraint. Second, we propose a new and efficient unmixing technique for time series. It is in particular based on the use of “elastic” kernels able to properly compare time series shifted in time or of various lengths.Experimental results are shown both on synthetic and real data and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methodologies
Germain, Simon. "Conception d'une mesure automatisée de détection des changements alimentaires chez le porc". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7925.
Pełny tekst źródłaSix, Delphine. "Analyse statistique des distributions spatiales et temporelles des séries de bilans de masse des glaciers alpins et des calottes polaires de l'hémisphère nord". Grenoble 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10255.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlexandre-Barff, Welcome. "Architecture out-of-core basée GPU pour de la visualisation interactive de séries temporelles de données AMR". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS005.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis manuscript presents a scalable approach for large-scale Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) time series interactive visualization.We can define AMR data as a dynamic gridding format of cells hierarchically refined from a computational domain described in this study as a regular Cartesian grid.This adaptive feature is essential for tracking time-dependent evolutionary phenomena and makes the AMR format an essential representation for 3D numerical simulations.However, the visualization of numerical simulation data highlights one critical issue: the significant increases in generated data memory footprint reaching petabytes, thus greatly exceeding the memory capabilities of the most recent graphics hardware.Therefore, the question is how to access this massive data - AMR time series in particular - for interactive visualization on a simple workstation. To overcome this main problem, we present an out-of-core GPU-based architecture.Our proposal is a cache system based on an ad-hoc bricking identified by a Space-Filling Curve (SFC) indexing and managed by a GPU-based page table that loads required AMR data on-the-fly from disk to GPU memory
Ben, Hamadou Radhouane. "Contribution à l'analyse spatio-temporelle de séries écologiques marines". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066021.
Pełny tekst źródłaSicard, Pierre Louis. "Caractérisation des retombées atmosphériques en France en zone rurale sous forme de précipitations, gaz et aérosols. Analyse des tendances spatio-temporelles et des séries chronologiques". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169222.
Pełny tekst źródłaEdjo, Ehouindo Marcellin Tiburce. "Analyse économétrique de la croissance, de la convergence et des changements structurels dans les pays de la zone FCFA : une approche par les séries temporelles". Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOE001.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation analyses the economic growth of FCFA area countries in the sight of events that are incorporated in Real GDP and real per capita GDP. By reminding the economic situation which prevailed in the period 1980-1993, we made the assumption that each country have experimented a structural change in order to show that taking into account this change leads to interesting economics implications in terms of growth and convergence analysis. The results show that in some countries, shocks have transitory effects and the real per capita GDP is generated by mechanisms of exogenous growth model. It also show that the series do not behave in homogeneous manner between countries, this tends to show that shocks on the economy are not homogeneous not only in terms of level, but also in terms of effects and break point. The convergence reveals a reduction of the real per capita GDP dispersion and seems to show the economic weight of C. E. M. A. C area in the convergence process. When we take into account the structural change in the stochastic convergence analysis the result reveals that the null hypothesis of no convergence is more often rejected than when the structural change is ignored in the analysis. In summary, all of the results in this dissertation confirm that the detected structural changes are not neutral in the growth and the convergence process of the economies
Sicard, Pierre. "Caractérisation des retombées atmosphériques en France en zone rurale sous forme de précipitations, gaz et aérosols : analyse des tendances spatio-temporelles et des séries chronologiques". Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50376-2006-Sicard.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuégan, Dominique. "Modèles bilinéaires et polynomiaux de séries chronologiques : étude probabiliste et analyse statistique". Grenoble 1, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00330671.
Pełny tekst źródłaWarembourg, Caroline. "Analyse temporelle du mésozooplancton dans la rade de Villefranche-sur-Mer à l'aide d'un nouveau système automatique d'imagerie numérique, le Zooscan : influence des apports particulaires, de la production primaire et des facteurs environnementaux". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066469.
Pełny tekst źródłaBreton, Marc. "Application de méthodes de classification par séries temporelles au diagnostic médical et à la détection de changements statistiques et étude de la robustesse". Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ECLI0005.
Pełny tekst źródłaHoang, Cong Tuan. "Prise en compte des fluctuations spatio-temporelles pluies-débits pour une meilleure gestion de la ressource en eau et une meilleure évaluation des risques". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00658537.
Pełny tekst źródłaTran, Dinh Trong. "Analyse rapide et robuste des solutions GPS pour la tectonique". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00868030.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlari, Anna. "Variations temporelles et géographiques des méningites à pneumocoque et effet du vaccin conjugué en France". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV070/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive commensal bacterium of the oropharyngeal flora usually colonizing human’s rhino pharynx, of which almost 100 serotypes are known. Infants and young children constitute its main reservoir. Pneumococcus may cause serious infections, such as meningitis, bacteremia and pneumonia, or less serious but more common such as sinusitis and acute otitis media (AOM). Two conjugate pneumococcal vaccines have been introduced in France: PCV7 (covering 7 serotypes) in 2003 and PCV13 (covering 6 additional serotypes) in 2010. The overall objective of this thesis is to assess the impact of vaccination policy on invasive pneumococcal diseases in France, by focusing on temporal and geographical trends of the most serious of them: pneumococcal meningitis (PM). An initial study of PMs temporal dynamics over the 2011-2014 period assessed the impact of conjugate vaccines’ introduction. Statistical modeling techniques were used for time series analysis. The results confirm the effects found in literature: a reduction of vaccine serotypes PMs but at the same time an increase of PMs, due to non-vaccine serotypes (effect of “serotype replacement”). Therefore, the first benefit of vaccine introduction at population scale has been observed no less than 11 years after PCV7 introduction, and then principally after PCV13 was introduced in 2010, with a 25% decrease in PMs in 2014. The geographic component was then implemented to analyze the role of vaccine coverage in annual PM variability between geographic units over the 2001-2016 period. Results confirm the effectiveness of both vaccine compositions on vaccine serotypes PMs and suggest homogeneity of this effect among geographic units. Conversely the serotype replacement has been confirmed only after the first vaccine composition was introduced and presents a variable and heterogeneous geographical repartition. Variability in vaccine coverage among geographic units doesn’t explain the differences in PMs, which could suggest the role of others factors such as demographic density. Finally, a dynamic modeling capable of taking into consideration fundamental aspects of pneumococcus transmission and infection mechanisms not integrated in static modeling has been proposed in order to predict the impacts of different vaccination strategies for 65+ adults and therefore assess their cost-utility ratios
Stephan, Gaëtan. "La déformation de la loi d'Okun au cours du cycle économique". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1G043/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation aims at study asymmetry of elasticity of unemployment to output in United States and Europe. In the first chapter, we employ a meta-analysis to identify the ``authentic'' value of Okun's law coefficient beyond publication bias. We show that measure of Okun's coefficient depends about the choice of endogenous variable. In the second chapter, it appears that Okun's law implies a labor productivity procyclical as firm practices labor hoarding. According our estimates, Okun's law presents significative evidence of asymmetry during recessions and recoveries especially since the mid-1980s when positive correlation between real GDP and productivity has disappeared. Conversely, in France and Germany, we observe a more stable Okun's coefficient along business cycle. The nature of macroeconomic movements in Europe could potentially explain these findings. Germany supports transitory and persistent movements in real GDP and unemployment. Nevertheless, macroeconomic movements in other European countries are driven by permanents shocks. In last chapter, we investigate asymmetric cointregration in a sample of European countries (France, Germany and United Kingdom), we show that asymmetric cointegration between real GDP and unemployment seems to be linked to an asymmetric Phillip's curve
Constant, Camille. "Modélisation stochastique et analyse statistique de la pulsatilité en neuroendocrinologie". Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2330.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this thesis is to propose several models representing neuronal calcic activity and unsderstand its applicatition in the secretion of GnRH hormone. This work relies on experience realised in INRA Centre Val de Loire. Chapter 1 proposes a continuous model, in which we examine a Markov process of shot-noise type. Chapter 2 studies a discrete model type AR(1), based on a discretization of the model from Chapter 1 and proposes a first estimation of the parameters. Chapter 3 proposes another dicrete model, type AR(1), in which the innovations are the sum of a Bernouilli variable and a Gaussian variable representing a noise, and taking into account a linear drift . Estimations of the parameters are given in order to detect spikes in neuronal paths. Chapter 4 studies a biological experience involving 33 neurons. With the modelisation of Chapter 3, we detect synchronization instants (simultaneous spkike of a high proportion of neurons of the experience) and then, using simulations, we test the quality of the method that we used and we compare it to an experimental approach
Besseau, Romain. "Analyse de cycle de vie de scénarios énergétiques intégrant la contrainte d’adéquation temporelle production-consommation". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM068.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research work deals with the environmental impact assessment of energy. The current energy model, which supports the global economy, leads to major environmental impacts by contributing to climate change and resource depletion,and by degrading biodiversity and human health. The environmental impacts of energy systems are assessed, not only considering the energy generation phase, but the whole life-cycle of energy systems : from raw material extraction to end of life. As renewable energies are weather dependent, storage systems may become required to ensure the temporal balance between the production of energy and consumption when renewable energies reach high penetration rates. As a first step, parameterized life-cycle inventory models have been developed for the main energy technologies to produce orstore energy. Those models enable to account for the technological, spatial and temporal variability that can be important. As a second step, an approach based on times-series to model energy production as well as energy consumption has been developed. It allows assessing the energy storage needs induced by the weather dependency of the production and consumption.The global dynamic and parametric method to assess the life cycle environmental impact here developed has been appliedto self-consumption scenarios and then, to the insular territory of La Réunion. Those applications reveal that, even when accounting for the storage need induced by the weather dependency of the production, renewable energies present an environmental footprint significantly lower than the fossil counterparts they aim to substitute
Germain, Thibaut. "Pattern detection and shape analysis for physiological timeseries". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASM043.
Pełny tekst źródłaTime series are prevalent in biomedical applications where they frequently display recurring or abnormal patterns that hold significant information for statistical analysis. A notable example is the heartbeat in electrocardiograms, a recurring pattern whose shape can vary depending on the underlying condition, making it an important feature for diagnosing heart-related diseases. However, comparing such patterns requires specialized mathematical tools lying at the intersection between machine learning for time series and shape analysis.While the shape analysis community has partially addressed the case of time series, shape-related approaches from machine learning for time series have achieved great success in various applications. This thesis aims to combine the strengths of both fields to propose methods suitable for biomedical research depending on temporal data. Particular attention will be given to methods' interpretability through visual interpretation of patterns and deformations, as it is key for meaningful interaction between the data and biomedical researchers.The thesis is structured into two parts: the first focuses on searching for and discovering valuable patterns in time series, while the second concentrates on pattern comparison.The first part tackles the challenge of searching or discovering patterns in long time series with distances independent of some irrelevant sources of variability modeled with a group of deformations. To that end, a general framework for constructing deformation-invariant distances is introduced. This framework extends the well-known Z-normalized Euclidean distance, invariant to amplitude scaling and offset shifts, by allowing customization of the group of deformations. The custom distances can be integrated into state-of-the-art algorithms for similarity search and motif discovery without efficiency loss. Additionally, an interpretable and interactive algorithm for motif discovery has been developed. This algorithm maps a time series onto a graph which is then summarized into a diagram providing a visual interpretation that facilitates the identification of recurring patterns. Furthermore, an interactive application has been designed for biomedical researchers, leveraging the algorithm's interpretability and efficiency for effective motif discovery.The second part focuses on comparing temporal patterns using elastic deformations that notably account for time warping. The proposed methods are driven by the analysis of mice respiratory cycles recorded via plethysmography to identify ventilation modalities and assess the respiratory changes in mice with different genotypes after exposure to a drug affecting respiration. The first method compares respiratory cycles with a clustering algorithm based on the Dynamic Time Warping distance. Designed as a baseline, experimental results show that clusters have physiological relevance, reflecting genotype-specific ventilation modalities and responses to drug exposure. The second method creates fixed-size vector representations of irregularly sampled and variable-length time series by the vector parametrizing the deformations that map a reference time series to the observed ones. This approach draws on the Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Mapping (LDDMM) framework from shape analysis, which is refined to maintain the spatiotemporal structure of the deformed time series while ensuring the bijectivity of the embedding. This method provides both statistical insights and visual interpretations of shapes and deformations. A simple statistical analysis reveals that the deformations responsible for most variability carry physiological significance, offering insights into ventilation modalities with respect to genotype and drug exposure effects
Khessiba, Souhir. "Stratégies d’optimisation des hyper-paramètres de réseaux de neurones appliqués aux signaux temporels biomédicaux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAE003.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on optimizing the hyperparameters of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the medical domain, proposing an innovative approach to improve the performance of decision-making models in the biomedical field. Through the use of a hybrid approach, GS-TPE, to effectively adjust the hyperparameters of complex neural network models, this research has demonstrated significant improvements in the classification of temporal biomedical signals, such as vigilance states, from physiological signals such as electroencephalogram (EEG). Furthermore, by introducing a new DNN architecture, STGCN, for the classification of gestures associated with pathologies such as knee osteoarthritis and Parkinson's disease from video gait analysis, these works offer new perspectives for enhancing medical diagnosis and management through advancements in artificial intelligence
Phan, Thi-Thu-Hong. "Elastic matching for classification and modelisation of incomplete time series". Thesis, Littoral, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018DUNK0483/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaMissing data are a prevalent problem in many domains of pattern recognition and signal processing. Most of the existing techniques in the literature suffer from one major drawback, which is their inability to process incomplete datasets. Missing data produce a loss of information and thus yield inaccurate data interpretation, biased results or unreliable analysis, especially for large missing sub-sequence(s). So, this thesis focuses on dealing with large consecutive missing values in univariate and low/un-correlated multivariate time series. We begin by investigating an imputation method to overcome these issues in univariate time series. This approach is based on the combination of shape-feature extraction algorithm and Dynamic Time Warping method. A new R-package, namely DTWBI, is then developed. In the following work, the DTWBI approach is extended to complete large successive missing data in low/un-correlated multivariate time series (called DTWUMI) and a DTWUMI R-package is also established. The key of these two proposed methods is that using the elastic matching to retrieving similar values in the series before and/or after the missing values. This optimizes as much as possible the dynamics and shape of knowledge data, and while applying the shape-feature extraction algorithm allows to reduce the computing time. Successively, we introduce a new method for filling large successive missing values in low/un-correlated multivariate time series, namely FSMUMI, which enables to manage a high level of uncertainty. In this way, we propose to use a novel fuzzy grades of basic similarity measures and fuzzy logic rules. Finally, we employ the DTWBI to (i) complete the MAREL Carnot dataset and then we perform a detection of rare/extreme events in this database (ii) forecast various meteorological univariate time series collected in Vietnam
Lohier, Théophile. "Analyse temporelle de la dynamique de communautés végétales à l'aide de modèles individus-centrés". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22683/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaPlant communities are complex systems in which multiple species differing by their functional attributes interact with their environment and with each other. Because of the number and the diversity of these interactions the mechanisms that drive the dynamics of theses communities are still poorly understood. Modelling approaches enable to link in a mechanistic fashion the process driving individual plant or population dynamics to the resulting community dynamics. This PhD thesis aims at developing such approaches and to use them to investigate the mechanisms underlying community dynamics. We therefore developed two modelling approaches. The first one is based on a stochastic modelling framework allowing to link the population dynamics to the community dynamics whilst taking account of intra- and interspecific interactions as well as environmental and demographic variations. This approach is easily applicable to real systems and enables to describe the properties of plant population through a small number of demographic parameters. However our work suggests that there is no simple relationship between these parameters and plant functional traits, while they are known to drive their response to extrinsic factors. The second approach has been developed to overcome this limitation and rely on the individual-based model Nemossos that explicitly describes the link between plant functioning and community dynamics. In order to ensure that Nemossos has a large application potential, a strong emphasis has been placed on the tradeoff between realism and parametrization cost. Nemossos has then been successfully parameterized from trait values found in the literature, its realism has been demonstrated and it has been used to investigate the importance of temporal environmental variability for the coexistence of functionally differing species. The complementarity of the two approaches allows us to explore various fundamental questions of community ecology including the impact of competitive interactions on community dynamics, the effect of environmental filtering on their functional composition, or the mechanisms favoring the coexistence of plant species. In this work, the two approaches have been used separately but their coupling might offer interesting perspectives such as the investigation of the relationships between plant functioning and population dynamics. Moreover each of the approaches might be used to run various simulation experiments likely to improve our understanding of mechanisms underlying community dynamics
Bédubourg, Gabriel. "Place des outils d'analyse des séries temporelles dans la surveillance épidémiologique pour la détection des épidémies et leur analyse : élaboration de nouveaux outils de détection et d'analyse étiologique des épidémies appliqués à la surveillance épidémiologique". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0739.
Pełny tekst źródłaPublic health surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of data for use in public health action to reduce morbidity and mortality of health-related events and to improve health. One of its objectives is the detection of unusualevents, i.e. outbreaks, requiring the rapid implementation of countermeasures.The objectives of this work are: (i) to evaluate the main published statistical methods for outbreak detection commonly implemented in different public health surveillance systems, (ii) to propose a new approach based on the optimal combination of statistical methods foroutbreak detection and benchmark it to other methods; and (iii) develop a new statistical method for the etiological analysis of an outbreak from public health surveillance data routinely collected by the system. To achieve these objectives, as a first step, we evaluate the main statistical methods, from a published set of simulated public health surveillance data. Statistical methods have been evaluated for an operational purpose: for all simulated time series, we used the tuning parameters recommended by their authors for each algorithm when available. We propose sensitivity and specificity metrics suitable for these tools. Then we propose an original approach for outbreak detection based on combination of methods selected in the previous step. The performance of this approach is compared to the previous ones according to the methodology implemented in the first step.Finally, we propose a method for the etiological analysis of an outbreak from surveillance data by using statistical models suitable for time series analysis
Padonou, Esperan. "Apprentissage Statistique en Domaine Circulaire Pour la Planification de Contrôles en Microélectronique". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEM009/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaDriven by industrial needs in microelectronics, this thesis is focused on probabilistic models for spatial data and Statistical Process Control. The spatial problem has the specificity of being defined on circular domains. It is addressed through a Kriging model where the deterministic part is made of orthogonal polynomials and the stochastic term represented by a Gaussian process. Defined with the Euclidean distance and the uniform measure over the disk, traditional Kriging models do not exploit knowledge on manufacturing processes. To take rotations or diffusions from the center into account, we introduce polar Gaussian processes over the disk. They embed radial and angular correlations in Kriging predictions, leading to significant improvements in the considered situations. Polar Gaussian processes are then interpreted via Sobol decomposition and generalized in higher dimensions. Different designs of experiments are developed for the proposed models. Among them, Latin cylinders reproduce in the space of polar coordinates the properties of Latin hypercubes. To model spatial and temporal data, Statistical Process Control is addressed by monitoring Kriging parameters, based on standard control charts. Furthermore, the monitored time – series contain outliers and structural changes, which cause bias in prediction and false alarms in risk management. These issues are simultaneously tackled with a robust and adaptive smoothing
Chen, Yu. "Analyse InSAR des déformations de volcans actifs : le Piton de la Fournaise (Réunion) et Llaima (Chili)". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30019.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe address in this dissertation the use of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to measure and characterize the ground surface deformation at two volcanoes - Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion Island, France) and Llaima (Chile). For Piton de la Fournaise, we analyzed the spatial pattern and temporal evolution of the ground displacement between the historical March-April 2007 eruption and October 2014, based on continuous measurements recorded by GNSS stations and X band COSMO-SkyMed and TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X time series analysis. For the processing of radar data, we adopted a classical InSAR time series approach that exploits the information redundancy in the interferograms and we implemented an original method for correcting artifacts based on the principal component decomposition. The spatial and temporal complexity of the obtained deformation field indicates that an important part of the volcanic edifice is affected by deformations of various origins that overlap spatially and temporally. We observe also subsidence processes that are not accompanied by horizontal displacements in recent lava fields. We show that there exists a linear relationship between the subsidence and the thickness of lava and that the amplitude of subsidence decreases with time. These relationships allow us to construct an empirical law to estimate the contribution of post-lava emplacement process in the deformation field. We also observe that the Central Cone subsides persistently during the study period. We interpret this subsidence as the expression of a relaxation of the stresses caused by the Dolomieu collapse during the March-April 2007 eruption. Finally, we show that a widespread time-dependent moving sector on the Eastern Flank is affected by downslope motion during the 2007-2014 period. The uncertainties on both the structure and rheology parameters of the edifice leads us to explore different hypotheses to explain the origin of this flank motion which could be controlled by the frictional properties of the rocks along one or more fault planes, or be the expression of a dependent ductile deformation of the viscosity of the medium. Llaima is a large Andean stratospheric volcano whose deformation processes are poorly understood not only because of the complexity of its functioning mode but also because of the absence of observation networks on the ground. In this context, the potential of radar data for monitoring the ground deformations of these volcanoes is a main scientific interest. However, the complex environment conditions (steep slopes, snow- or ice-capped summit, dense vegetation cover, and strong tropospheric artifacts) and limited amount of available radar data make it challenging to accurately measure ground displacement with InSAR
Mure, Simon. "Classification non supervisée de données spatio-temporelles multidimensionnelles : Applications à l’imagerie". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI130/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaDue to the dramatic increase of longitudinal acquisitions in the past decades such as video sequences, global positioning system (GPS) tracking or medical follow-up, many applications for time-series data mining have been developed. Thus, unsupervised time-series data mining has become highly relevant with the aim to automatically detect and identify similar temporal patterns between time-series. In this work, we propose a new spatio-temporal filtering scheme based on the mean-shift procedure, a state of the art approach in the field of image processing, which clusters multivariate spatio-temporal data. We also propose a hierarchical time-series clustering algorithm based on the dynamic time warping measure that identifies similar but asynchronous temporal patterns. Our choices have been motivated by the need to analyse magnetic resonance images acquired on people affected by multiple sclerosis. The genetics and environmental factors triggering and governing the disease evolution, as well as the occurrence and evolution of individual lesions, are still mostly unknown and under intense investigation. Therefore, there is a strong need to develop new methods allowing automatic extraction and quantification of lesion characteristics. This has motivated our work on time-series clustering methods, which are not widely used in image processing yet and allow to process image sequences without prior knowledge on the final results