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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Atmosphere”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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1

Sergeev, Denis E., Nathan J. Mayne, Thomas Bendall, et al. "Simulations of idealised 3D atmospheric flows on terrestrial planets using LFRic-Atmosphere." Geoscientific Model Development 16, no. 19 (2023): 5601–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5601-2023.

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Abstract. We demonstrate that LFRic-Atmosphere, a model built using the Met Office's GungHo dynamical core, is able to reproduce idealised large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns specified by several widely used benchmark recipes. This is motivated by the rapid rate of exoplanet discovery and the ever-growing need for numerical modelling and characterisation of their atmospheres. Here we present LFRic-Atmosphere's results for the idealised tests imitating circulation regimes commonly used in the exoplanet modelling community. The benchmarks include three analytic forcing cases: the standa

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Ragossnig, Florian, Alexander Stökl, Ernst Dorfi, Colin P. Johnstone, Daniel Steiner, and Manuel Güdel. "Interaction of infalling solid bodies with primordial atmospheres of disk-embedded planets." Astronomy & Astrophysics 618 (October 2018): A19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832681.

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Context. Planets that form early enough to be embedded in the circumstellar gas disk accumulate thick atmospheres of nebular gas. Models of these atmospheres need to specify the surface luminosity (i.e. energy loss rate) of the planet. This luminosity is usually associated with a continuous inflow of solid bodies, where the gravitational energy released from these bodies is the source of energy. However, if these bodies release energy in the atmosphere instead of at the surface, this assumption might not be justified. Aims. Our aim is to explore the interactions of infalling planetesimals with

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Chouqar, J., Z. Benkhaldoun, A. Jabiri, J. Lustig-Yaeger, A. Soubkiou, and A. Szentgyorgyi. "Properties of sub-Neptune atmospheres: TOI-270 system." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495, no. 1 (2020): 962–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1198.

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ABSTRACT We investigate the potential for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect and characterize the atmospheres of the sub-Neptunian exoplanets in the TOI-270 system. Sub-Neptunes are considered more likely to be water worlds than gas dwarfs. We model their atmospheres using three atmospheric compositions – two examples of hydrogen-dominated atmospheres and a water-dominated atmosphere. We then simulate the infrared transmission spectra of these atmospheres for JWST instrument modes optimized for transit observation of exoplanet atmospheres: NIRISS, NIRSpec, and MIRI. We then predic

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Sysoeva, Yu V. "Проблема атмосферы у Г. Беме и ее отношение к цифровой культуре". Studia Culturae, № 56 (2 листопада 2023): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.31312/2310-1245-2023-56-120-143.

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This article is devoted to a relatively new aesthetic concept, the concept of atmosphere. In the second half of the 20th century, due to the overcoming of the understanding of the aesthetic as a field of art and the emergence of the tendency to appeal to sensual experience, the idea that aesthetic perception and aesthetic experience are possible not only in the context of art events, but also in the space of everyday life is becoming increasingly relevant. The aesthetics of atmosphere arises from the aesthetics of everyday life. The first to declare the concept of atmosphere as a separate aest

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Seager, Sara. "Exoplanet atmospheres: A theoretical outlook." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S276 (2010): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311020187.

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AbstractWith over two dozen exoplanet atmospheres observed today, the field of exoplanet atmospheres is solidly established. The highlights of exoplanet atmosphere studies include: detection of molecular spectral features; constraints on atmospheric vertical temperature structure; detection of day-night temperature gradients; and a new numerical approach to atmosphere temperature and abundance retrieval. As hot Jupiter observations and interpretation are maturing, the next frontier is super Earth atmospheres. Theoretical models of super Earth atmospheres are moving forward with observational h

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Miller-Ricci, Eliza, Sara Seager, and Dimitar Sasselov. "The Atmospheres of Extrasolar Super-Earths." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S253 (2008): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308026483.

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AbstractExtrasolar super-Earths (1-10 M⊕) are likely to exist with a wide range of atmospheres. While a number of these planets have already been discovered through radial velocities and microlensing, it will be the discovery of the firsttransitingsuper-Earths that will open the door to a variety of follow-up observations aimed at characterizing their atmospheres. Super-Earths may fill a large range of parameter space in terms of their atmospheric composition and mass. Specifically, some of these planets may have high enough surface gravities to be able to retain large hydrogen-rich atmosphser

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Wachiraphan, Patcharapol, Zachory K. Berta-Thompson, Hannah Diamond-Lowe, et al. "The Thermal Emission Spectrum of the Nearby Rocky Exoplanet LTT 1445A b from JWST MIRI/LRS." Astronomical Journal 169, no. 6 (2025): 311. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/adc990.

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Abstract The nearby transiting rocky exoplanet LTT 1445A b presents an ideal target for studying atmospheric retention in terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs. It is cooler than many rocky exoplanets yet tested for atmospheres, receiving a bolometric instellation similar to Mercury’s. Previous transmission spectroscopy ruled out a light H/He-dominated atmosphere but could not distinguish between a bare-rock, a high-MMW, nor a cloudy atmosphere. We present new secondary eclipse observations using JWST’s MIRI/LRS, covering the 5–12 μm range. From these observations, we detect a broadband second

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Bisikalo, Dmitri, Valery Shematovich, and Benoit Hubert. "The Kinetic Monte Carlo Model of the Auroral Electron Precipitation into N2-O2 Planetary Atmospheres." Universe 8, no. 8 (2022): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8080437.

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Auroral events are the prominent manifestation of solar/stellar forcing on planetary atmospheres. They are closely related to the energy deposition by and evolution of planetary atmospheres, and their observations are widely used to analyze the composition, structure, and chemistry of the atmosphere under study, as well as energy fluxes of the precipitating particles that affect the atmosphere. A numerical kinetic Monte Carlo model had been developed, allowing us to study the processes of precipitation of high-energy auroral electrons into the N2-O2 atmospheres of the rocky planets in the Sola

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Kurosaki, Kenji, and Shu-ichiro Inutsuka. "Giant Impact Events for Protoplanets: Energetics of Atmospheric Erosion by Head-on Collision." Astrophysical Journal 954, no. 2 (2023): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace9ba.

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Abstract Numerous exoplanets with masses ranging from Earth to Neptune and radii larger than Earth have been found through observations. These planets possess atmospheres that range in mass fractions from 1% to 30%, reflecting the diversity of atmospheric mass fractions. Such diversities are supposed to be caused by differences in the formation processes or evolution. Here, we consider head-on giant impacts onto planets causing atmosphere losses in the later stage of their formation. We perform smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations to study the impact-induced atmosphere loss of young supe

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Johnstone, Colin P. "The Influences of Stellar Activity on Planetary Atmospheres." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 12, S328 (2016): 168–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921317003775.

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AbstractOn evolutionary timescales, the atmospheres of planets evolve due to interactions with the planet's surface and with the planet's host star. Stellar X-ray and EUV (=’XUV’) radiation is absorbed high in the atmosphere, driving photochemistry, heating the gas, and causing atmospheric expansion and mass loss. Atmospheres can interact strongly with the stellar winds, leading to additional mass loss. In this review, I summarise some of the ways in which stellar output can influence the atmospheres of planets. I will discuss the importance of simultaneously understanding the evolution of the

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Barrier, Edouard F. L., and Nikku Madhusudhan. "A new convection scheme for GCMs of temperate sub-Neptunes." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 538, no. 4 (2025): 2463–82. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf267.

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ABSTRACT Atmospheric characterization of temperate sub-Neptunes is the new frontier of exoplanetary science with recent JWST observations of possible Hycean world K2-18 b. Accurate modelling of atmospheric processes is essential to interpreting high-precision spectroscopic data given the wide range of possible conditions in the sub-Neptune regime, including on potentially habitable planets. Notably, convection is an important process which can operate in different modes across sub-Neptune conditions. Convection can act very differently in atmospheres with a high condensible mass fraction (non-

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Chowdhury, Sohini, Yadaiah Nirsanametla, and Muralidhar Manapuram. "Investigation on keyhole mode fiber laser welding of SS 316 in a self-protected atmosphere." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 18 (2019): 6602–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219864137.

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This work focuses on examining the influence of welding parameters under different welding atmospheres and evaluation of keyhole profile during fiber laser welding operation. The experiments are carried out in two different welding atmospheres, namely self-protected atmosphere of Ar gas and open atmospheric conditions. The effect of these two atmospheric conditions on weld profile formation and dimensions, and microstructural evolution for SS 316 plates are examined. In addition, the keyhole profile is evaluated by using a semi-analytical mathematical model, a point-by-point energy balance det

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13

Sinclair, Catriona A., Mark C. Wyatt, Alessandro Morbidelli, and David Nesvorný. "Evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere during Late Veneer accretion." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 499, no. 4 (2020): 5334–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3210.

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ABSTRACT Recent advances in our understanding of the dynamical history of the Solar system have altered the inferred bombardment history of the Earth during accretion of the Late Veneer, after the Moon-forming impact. We investigate how the bombardment by planetesimals left-over from the terrestrial planet region after terrestrial planet formation, as well as asteroids and comets, affects the evolution of Earth’s early atmosphere. We develop a new statistical code of stochastic bombardment for atmosphere evolution, combining prescriptions for atmosphere loss and volatile delivery derived from

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Cherubim, Collin, Robin Wordsworth, Dan J. Bower, Paolo A. Sossi, Danica Adams, and Renyu Hu. "An Oxidation Gradient Straddling the Small Planet Radius Valley." Astrophysical Journal 983, no. 2 (2025): 97. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adbca9.

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Abstract We present a population-level view of volatile gas species (H2, He, H2O, O2, CO, CO2, CH4) distribution during the sub-Neptune to rocky planet transition, revealing in detail the dynamic nature of small planet atmospheric compositions. Our novel model couples the atmospheric escape model IsoFATE with the magma ocean-atmosphere equilibrium chemistry model Atmodeller to simulate interior-atmosphere evolution over time for sub-Neptunes around G, K, and M stars. Chiefly, our simulations reveal that atmospheric mass fractionation driven by escape and interior-atmosphere exchange conspire t

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Hu, Renyu, Fabrice Gaillard, and Edwin S. Kite. "Narrow Loophole for H₂-Dominated Atmospheres on Habitable Rocky Planets around M Dwarfs." Astrophysical Journal Letters 948, no. 2 (2023): L20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acd0b4.

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Abstract Habitable rocky planets around M dwarfs that have H2-dominated atmospheres, if they exist, would permit characterizing habitable exoplanets with detailed spectroscopy using JWST, owing to their extended atmospheres and small stars. However, the H2-dominated atmospheres that are consistent with habitable conditions cannot be too massive, and a moderate-sized H2-dominated atmosphere will lose mass to irradiation-driven atmospheric escape on rocky planets around M dwarfs. We evaluate volcanic outgassing and serpentinization as two potential ways to supply H2 and form a steady-state H2-do

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Zhao-Jun, Ban, Zhang Jing-Lin, Wang Yong-Jiang, et al. "Nutritional Quality of Red Dates (Zizyphus Jujube Mill.) in Response to Modified and Controlled Atmospheric Storage Conditions." Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 18, no. 1 (2018): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.18:46-51.

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Quality maintenance and ethanol metabolism of red date (Zizyphus jujube Mill.) fruits in response to modified atmosphere and controlled atmosphere (7% CO<sub>2</sub>, 3% O<sub>2</sub> plus 90% N<sub>2</sub>) were investigated in the present study. Results showed that modified atmosphere and controlled atmosphere significantly maintained higher titratable and ascorbic acid contents during storage at 0°C for 32 days. In addition, ethanol accumulation and alcohol dehydrogenase activity indicated that ethanol metabolism in red dates was substantially inhibited by modified and controlled atmospheri

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Habib, Namrah, and Raymond T. Pierrehumbert. "Modeling Noncondensing Compositional Convection for Applications to Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Atmospheres." Astrophysical Journal 961, no. 1 (2024): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad04e2.

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Abstract Compositional convection is atmospheric mixing driven by density variations caused by compositional gradients. Previous studies have suggested that compositional gradients of atmospheric trace species within planetary atmospheres can impact convection and the final atmospheric temperature profile. In this work, we employ 3D convection-resolving simulations using Cloud Model 1 (CM1) to gain a fundamental understanding of how compositional variation influences convection and the final atmospheric state of exoplanet atmospheres. We perform 3D initial value problem simulations of nonconde

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Watanabe, Yasuto, and Kazumi Ozaki. "Relative Abundances of CO₂, CO, and CH₄ in Atmospheres of Earth-like Lifeless Planets." Astrophysical Journal 961, no. 1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad10a2.

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Abstract Carbon is an essential element for life on Earth, and the relative abundances of major carbon species (CO2, CO, and CH4) in the atmosphere exert fundamental controls on planetary climate and biogeochemistry. Here we employed a theoretical model of atmospheric chemistry to investigate diversity in the atmospheric abundances of CO2, CO, and CH4 on Earth-like lifeless planets orbiting Sun-like (F-, G-, and K-type) stars. We focused on the conditions for the formation of a CO-rich atmosphere, which would be favorable for the origin of life. Results demonstrated that elevated atmospheric C

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Wunderlich, Fabian, Markus Scheucher, John Lee Grenfell, et al. "Detectability of biosignatures on LHS 1140 b." Astronomy & Astrophysics 647 (March 2021): A48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039663.

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Context. Terrestrial extrasolar planets around low-mass stars are prime targets when searching for atmospheric biosignatures with current and near-future telescopes. The habitable-zone super-Earth LHS 1140 b could hold a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere, and is an excellent candidate for detecting atmospheric features. Aims. In this study we investigate how the instellation and planetary parameters influence the atmospheric climate, chemistry, and spectral appearance of LHS 1140 b. We study the detectability of selected molecules, in particular potential biosignatures, with the upcoming James Web

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Herbst, Konstantin, Saša Banjac, and Tom A. Nordheim. "Revisiting the cosmic-ray induced Venusian ionization with the Atmospheric Radiation Interaction Simulator (AtRIS)." Astronomy & Astrophysics 624 (April 2019): A124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935152.

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Context. Cosmic ray bombardment represents a major source of ionization in planetary atmospheres. The higher the energy of the primary cosmic ray particles, the deeper they can penetrate into the atmosphere. In addition, incident high energy cosmic ray particles induce extensive secondary particle cascades (“air showers”) that can contain up to several billion secondary particles per incoming primary particle. To quantify cosmic ray-induced effects on planetary atmospheres it is therefore important to accurately model the entire secondary particle cascade. This is particularly important in thi

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Ohno, Kazumasa, and Jonathan J. Fortney. "Nitrogen as a Tracer of Giant Planet Formation. I. A Universal Deep Adiabatic Profile and Semianalytical Predictions of Disequilibrium Ammonia Abundances in Warm Exoplanetary Atmospheres." Astrophysical Journal 946, no. 1 (2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acafed.

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Abstract A major motivation of spectroscopic observations of giant exoplanets is to unveil planet formation processes from atmospheric compositions. Several recent studies suggested that atmospheric nitrogen, like carbon and oxygen, can provide important constraints on planetary formation environments. Since nitrogen chemistry can be far from thermochemical equilibrium in warm atmospheres, we extensively investigate under what conditions, and with what assumptions, the observable NH3 abundances can diagnose an atmosphere’s bulk nitrogen abundance. In the first paper of this series, we investig

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Ma, Yingying. "Atmospheric Circulation on Other Planets: Venus, Mars, Jupiter." Theoretical and Natural Science 55, no. 1 (2024): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/55/20240171.

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Abstract. This review provides a comparative analysis of atmospheric circulation across four planets in our solar system: Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Earth. By examining the unique characteristics of each planet, including atmospheric composition, rotation rates, axial tilt, and solar radiation, the study explores how these factors influence the dynamics of their respective atmospheres. Venus, with its dense CO atmosphere and slow retrograde rotation, exhibits a super-rotating atmosphere leading to extreme and uniform climate conditions. Marss thin atmosphere and significant seasonal variations,

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Li, Liangying. "How Literature Creates Atmosphere: A Michel Henry's Material Phenomenology Approach." Highlights in Art and Design 10, no. 1 (2025): 10–13. https://doi.org/10.54097/pxx7cs77.

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"Atmosphere" constitutes a distinctive emotional space crafted by authors within artistic works—it inheres in specific material substrates while manifesting through corporeal perception. As one of the core elements of literary aesthetic experience, atmosphere profoundly influences readers' emotional resonance and the manifestation of textual significance. Regrettably, Gernot Böhme, a pivotal figure in facilitating the "atmospheric turn" in contemporary aesthetics, fails to provide explicit methodological guidance for atmosphere creation. Drawing upon Michel Henry's material phenomenology, this

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Wang, Jian, Lei Xue, Qianyao Ma, et al. "The role of oceanic ventilation and terrestrial outflow in atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons over the Chinese marginal seas." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 15 (2024): 8721–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8721-2024.

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Abstract. Non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the marine atmosphere have been studied extensively due to their important roles in regulating atmospheric chemistry and climate. However, very little is known about the distribution and sources of NMHCs in the lower atmosphere over the marginal seas of China. Herein, we characterized the atmospheric NMHCs (C2–C5) in both the coastal cities and the marginal seas of China in the spring of 2021, with a focus on identifying the sources of NMHCs in the coastal atmosphere. The NMHCs in urban atmospheres, especially alkanes, were significantly higher com

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Kempton, Eliza M. R. "The properties of super-Earth atmospheres." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S276 (2010): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311020205.

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AbstractExtrasolar super-Earths likely have a far greater diversity in their atmospheric properties than giant planets. Super-Earths (planets with masses between 1 and 10 M⊕) lie in an intermediate mass regime between gas/ice giants like Neptune and rocky terrestrial planets like Earth and Venus. While some super-Earths (especially the more massive ones) may retain large amounts of hydrogen either from accretion processes or subsequent surface outgassing, other super-Earths should have atmospheres composed of predominantly heavier molecules, similar to the atmospheres of the rocky planets and

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Chance, Quadry, Sarah Ballard, and Keivan Stassun. "Signatures of Impact-driven Atmospheric Loss in Large Ensembles of Exoplanets." Astrophysical Journal 937, no. 1 (2022): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8a97.

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Abstract The results of large-scale exoplanet transit surveys indicate that the distribution of small planet radii is likely sculpted by atmospheric loss. Several possible physical mechanisms exist for this loss of primordial atmospheres, each of which produces a different set of observational signatures. In this study, we investigate the impact-driven mode of atmosphere loss via N-body simulations. We compare the results from giant impacts, at a demographic level, to results from another commonly invoked method of atmosphere loss, photoevaporation. Applying two different loss prescriptions to

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Moses, Julianne I. "Chemical kinetics on extrasolar planets." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2014 (2014): 20130073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0073.

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Chemical kinetics plays an important role in controlling the atmospheric composition of all planetary atmospheres, including those of extrasolar planets. For the hottest exoplanets, the composition can closely follow thermochemical-equilibrium predictions, at least in the visible and infrared photosphere at dayside (eclipse) conditions. However, for atmospheric temperatures , and in the uppermost atmosphere at any temperature, chemical kinetics matters. The two key mechanisms by which kinetic processes drive an exoplanet atmosphere out of equilibrium are photochemistry and transport-induced qu

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Turner, Jennifer, Dominique Moran, and Yvonne Jewkes. "‘It's in the air here’: Atmosphere(s) of incarceration." Incarceration 3, no. 3 (2022): 263266632211107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26326663221110788.

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Contrary to descriptions of a desensitising situation – with restrictions on movement, monotonous regimes and sparse surroundings – much research highlights imprisonment as sensorially and emotionally powerful. Following work within the ‘turn to affect’ that focuses on non-verbal, non-conscious and, often, non-human embodied experiences, scholars have attended to how such elements cohere into ‘atmospheres’. Whilst the language of atmosphere is synonymous with the prison – a space that is widely anecdotally considered to conjure a particular ‘feeling’ – discussion of the mechanisms for and expe

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Seidel, J. V., D. Ehrenreich, R. Allart, et al. "Into the storm: diving into the winds of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b with HARPS and ESPRESSO." Astronomy & Astrophysics 653 (September 2021): A73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140569.

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Context. Despite swift progress in the characterisation of exoplanet atmospheres in composition and structure, the study of atmospheric dynamics has not progressed at the same speed. While theoretical models have been developed to describe the lower layers of the atmosphere, and independently, the exosphere, little is known about the intermediate layers up to the thermosphere. Aims. We aim to provide a clearer picture of atmospheric dynamics for the class of ultra-hot Jupiters, which are highly irradiated gas giants, based on the example of WASP-76 b. Methods. We jointly analysed two datasets

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Johnstone, C. P., M. Güdel, H. Lammer, and K. G. Kislyakova. "Upper atmospheres of terrestrial planets: Carbon dioxide cooling and the Earth’s thermospheric evolution." Astronomy & Astrophysics 617 (September 2018): A107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832776.

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Context.The thermal and chemical structures of the upper atmospheres of planets crucially influence losses to space and must be understood to constrain the effects of losses on atmospheric evolution.Aims.We develop a 1D first-principles hydrodynamic atmosphere model that calculates atmospheric thermal and chemical structures for arbitrary planetary parameters, chemical compositions, and stellar inputs. We apply the model to study the reaction of the Earth’s upper atmosphere to large changes in the CO2abundance and to changes in the input solar XUV field due to the Sun’s activity evolution from

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Meerkötter, R., U. Schumann, D. R. Doelling, P. Minnis, T. Nakajima, and Y. Tsushima. "Radiative forcing by contrails." Annales Geophysicae 17, no. 8 (1999): 1080–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1080-7.

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Abstract. A parametric study of the instantaneous radiative impact of contrails is presented using three different radiative transfer models for a series of model atmospheres and cloud parameters. Contrails are treated as geometrically and optically thin plane parallel homogeneous cirrus layers in a static atmosphere. The ice water content is varied as a function of ambient temperature. The model atmospheres include tropical, mid-latitude, and subarctic summer and winter atmospheres. Optically thin contrails cause a positive net forcing at top of the atmosphere. At the surface the radiative fo

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Smith, Durward, and Joseph D. Norton. "Reduced Atmosphere Storage of Chinese Chestnuts." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 890A—890. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.890a.

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Stored Chinese chestnuts (Castanea molissima Blume) are extremely susceptible to spoilage by molds. This research was initiated to determine if storage at reduced atmospheres in conjunction with vacuum-infused mycostatic chemicals could reduce mold growth and enhance the quality of stored nuts. Nuts were treated with two levels of buffered sodium propionate and two levels of buffered sodium benzoate and stored either at atmospheric pressure or at 0.17 atmosphere (4.0% O2) and minimal gas circulation. Relative humidity was maintained at 88%. Mold counts, weight, texture, and moisture content we

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Liu, Lin-gun. "The Proto-Atmosphere of Terrestrial Planets." European Journal of Applied Sciences 13, no. 02 (2025): 473–78. https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.1302.18571.

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The theoretically derived composition of the proto-atmosphere, which evolved during accretion, of terrestrial planets is composed primarily of CO2, Ar and N2 when the mass of a planet became greater than 3.30 x 1026 g. This is identical to the atmospheric compositions of Venus and Mars observed today. Therefore, both Venus and Mars most likely retained their proto-atmospheres till now. The Earth is situated between Venus and Mars, there is no reason whatsoever that the Earth’s proto-atmosphere should be any different from those of Venus and Mars. Yet, today’s Earth atmospheric composition is d

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Van Looveren, Gwenaël, Sudeshna Boro Saikia, Oliver Herbort, et al. "Habitable Zone and Atmosphere Retention Distance (HaZARD)." Astronomy & Astrophysics 694 (February 2025): A310. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202452998.

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Context. Thanks to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), observations of the secondary atmospheres of rocky planets have become possible. Of particular interest are rocky planets orbiting low-mass stars within the habitable zone (HZ). However, no thick secondary atmospheres have been found around Earth-sized planets to date. This leaves open the question of whether secondary atmospheres are rare around Earth-sized rocky exoplanets. Aims. In this work, we determine the distance at which an Earth-sized planet orbiting a variety of stellar hosts could retain a CO2- or N2-dominated atmosphere and

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Heng, Kevin. "The Transient Outgassed Atmosphere of 55 Cancri e." Astrophysical Journal Letters 956, no. 1 (2023): L20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acfe05.

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Abstract The enigmatic nature of 55 Cancri e has defied theoretical explanation. Any explanation needs to account for the observed variability of its secondary eclipse depth, which is at times consistent with zero in the visible/optical range of wavelengths—a phenomenon that does not occur with its also variable infrared eclipses. Yet despite this variability, its transit depth remains somewhat constant in time and is inconsistent with opaque material filling its Hill sphere. The current study explores the possibility of a thin, transient, secondary atmosphere on 55 Cancri e that is sour

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Wade, G. A., L. Mashonkina, T. Ryabchikova, et al. "A 3-D look into the atmosphere?" Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, H15 (2009): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310008550.

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AbstractThe atmospheres of chemically peculiar stars can be highly structured in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions. While most prevalent in the magnetic stars, these structures can also exist in non-magnetic stars. In addition to providing an important window to understanding the physical processes at play in these complex atmospheres, they can also be exploited to study stellar pulsations. This article reviews contributions to the session “A 3D look into the atmosphere” of the Joint Discussion “Progress in understanding the physics of Ap and related stars”. It is divided into 3 sect

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Olsen, K. S., A. Trokhimovskiy, A. S. Braude, et al. "Upper limits for phosphine (PH3) in the atmosphere of Mars." Astronomy & Astrophysics 649 (April 30, 2021): L1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140868.

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Phosphine (PH3) is proposed to be a possible biomarker in planetary atmospheres and has been claimed to have been observed in the atmosphere of Venus, sparking interest in the habitability of Venus’s atmosphere. Observations of another biomarker, methane (CH4), have been reported several times in the atmosphere of Mars, hinting at the possibility of a past or present biosphere. The Atmospheric Chemistry Suite on the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter has a spectral range that includes several absorption lines of PH3 with line strengths comparable to previously observed CH4 lines. The signature of PH3 w

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Madhusudhan, Nikku, Subhajit Sarkar, Savvas Constantinou, Måns Holmberg, Anjali A. A. Piette, and Julianne I. Moses. "Carbon-bearing Molecules in a Possible Hycean Atmosphere." Astrophysical Journal Letters 956, no. 1 (2023): L13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acf577.

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Abstract The search for habitable environments and biomarkers in exoplanetary atmospheres is the holy grail of exoplanet science. The detection of atmospheric signatures of habitable Earth-like exoplanets is challenging owing to their small planet–star size contrast and thin atmospheres with high mean molecular weight. Recently, a new class of habitable exoplanets, called Hycean worlds, has been proposed, defined as temperate ocean-covered worlds with H2-rich atmospheres. Their large sizes and extended atmospheres, compared to rocky planets of the same mass, make Hycean worlds significantly mo

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Krissansen-Totton, Joshua. "Implications of Atmospheric Nondetections for Trappist-1 Inner Planets on Atmospheric Retention Prospects for Outer Planets." Astrophysical Journal Letters 951, no. 2 (2023): L39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acdc26.

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Abstract JWST secondary eclipse observations of Trappist-1b seemingly disfavor atmospheres >∼1 bar since heat redistribution is expected to yield dayside emission temperature below the ∼500 K observed. Given the similar densities of Trappist-1 planets, and the theoretical potential for atmospheric erosion around late M dwarfs, this observation might be assumed to imply substantial atmospheres are also unlikely for the outer planets. However, the processes governing atmosphere erosion and replenishment are fundamentally different for inner and outer planets. Here, an atmosphere–interior evol

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Wogan, Nicholas F., David C. Catling, Kevin J. Zahnle, and Roxana Lupu. "Origin-of-life Molecules in the Atmosphere after Big Impacts on the Early Earth." Planetary Science Journal 4, no. 9 (2023): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/aced83.

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Abstract The origin of life on Earth would benefit from a prebiotic atmosphere that produced nitriles, like HCN, which enable ribonucleotide synthesis. However, geochemical evidence suggests that Hadean air was relatively oxidizing with negligible photochemical production of prebiotic molecules. These paradoxes are resolved by iron-rich asteroid impacts that transiently reduced the entire atmosphere, allowing nitriles to form in subsequent photochemistry. Here we investigate impact-generated reducing atmospheres using new time-dependent, coupled atmospheric chemistry and climate models that ac

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Zhong, Wei, Zhen-Tai Zhang, Hui-Sheng Zhong, Bo Ma, Xianyu Tan, and Cong Yu. "Irradiated Atmospheres. I. Heating by Vertical-mixing-induced Energy Transport." Astrophysical Journal 978, no. 1 (2024): 4. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad9473.

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Abstract Observations have revealed unique temperature profiles in hot Jupiter atmospheres. We propose that the energy transport by vertical mixing could lead to such thermal features. In our new scenario, strong absorbers, TiO, and VO are not necessary. Vertical mixing could be naturally excited by atmospheric circulation or internal gravity wave breaking. We perform radiative transfer calculations by taking into account the vertical-mixing-driven energy transport. The radiative equilibrium is replaced by the radiative-mixing equilibrium. We investigate how the mixing strength, K zz, affects

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Claudi, R., M. S. Erculiani, G. Galletta, et al. "Simulating super earth atmospheres in the laboratory." International Journal of Astrobiology 15, no. 1 (2015): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550415000117.

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AbstractSeveral space missions, such as JWST, TESS and the very recently proposed ARIEL, or ground-based experiments, as SPHERE and GPI, have been proposed to measure the atmospheric transmission, reflection and emission spectra of extrasolar planets. The planet atmosphere characteristics and possible biosignatures will be inferred by studying planetary spectra in order to identify the emission/absorption lines/bands from atmospheric molecules such as water (H2O), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), etc. In particular, it is important to know in detail the optical characteristi

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Kurosaki, Kenji, Yasunori Hori, Masahiro Ogihara, and Masanobu Kunitomo. "Evolution of a Water-rich Atmosphere Formed by a Giant Impact on an Earth-sized Planet." Astrophysical Journal 957, no. 2 (2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfe0a.

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Abstract The atmosphere of a terrestrial planet that is replenished with secondary gases should have accumulated hydrogen-rich gas from its protoplanetary disk. Although a giant impact blows off a large fraction of the primordial atmosphere of a terrestrial planet in the late formation stage, the remaining atmosphere can become water-rich via chemical reactions between hydrogen and vaporized core material. We find that a water-rich postimpact atmosphere forms when a basaltic or CI chondrite core is assumed. In contrast, little postimpact water is generated for an enstatite chondrite core. We i

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Loubeau, Alexandra, Victor W. Sparrow, William Doebler, et al. "New reference day atmosphere for analyses of quiet supersonic overflight." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4_supplement (2023): A106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0022945.

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New reference day atmospheric conditions have been defined for future supersonic aircraft en route noise certification procedures. As field measurements are acquired, in a variety of atmospheric conditions, it is important to relate those measurements back to a common reference atmosphere to provide uniformity in method across applicants for noise certification. Because of the long propagation distances involved between the aircraft flight altitude and the ground, en route noise certification measurements can be substantially affected by the atmosphere. Properties, such as pressure, density, t

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Deibert, Emily K., Adam B. Langeveld, Mitchell E. Young, et al. "High-resolution Dayside Spectroscopy of WASP-189 b: Detection of Iron during the GHOST/Gemini South System Verification Run." Astronomical Journal 168, no. 4 (2024): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad643f.

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Abstract With high equilibrium temperatures and tidally locked rotation, ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) are unique laboratories within which to probe extreme atmospheric physics and chemistry. In this paper, we present high-resolution dayside spectroscopy of the UHJ WASP-189 b obtained with the new Gemini High-resolution Optical SpecTrograph (GHOST) at the Gemini South Observatory. The observations, which cover 3 hr of post-eclipse orbital phases, were obtained during the instrument’s System Verification run. We detect the planet’s atmosphere via the Doppler cross-correlation technique, and recover

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Katyal, Nisha, Gianluigi Ortenzi, John Lee Grenfell, et al. "Effect of mantle oxidation state and escape upon the evolution of Earth’s magma ocean atmosphere." Astronomy & Astrophysics 643 (November 2020): A81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038779.

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Context. The magma ocean period was a critical phase determining how Earth’s atmosphere developed into habitability. However, there are major uncertainties in the role of key processes such as outgassing from the planetary interior and escape of species to space that play a major role in determining the atmosphere of early Earth. Aims. We investigate the effect of outgassing of various species and escape of H2 for different mantle redox states upon the composition and evolution of the atmosphere for the magma ocean period. Methods. We included an important new atmosphere-interior coupling mech

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Kushtin, V. I., and A. N. Ivanov. "Determination of adjusted range corrections measured by electro-optical systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 2 (2021): 022048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/2/022048.

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Abstract Electromagnetic radiation used to determine ranges passes through media with different characteristics that affect the electromagnetic waves propagation speed and, accordingly, the accuracy of distance determination. The problem of the radio signal delay due to the influence of the atmosphere is an urgent problem, the solution of which is currently limited mainly to the calculation of range corrections using various atmospheric models. Depending on the required accuracy, the length of the measured line, the range of zenith distances, the availability of information about the state of

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Hicks, Stephen. "“The feel of the place”: Investigating atmosphere with the residents of a modernist housing estate." Qualitative Social Work 19, no. 3 (2020): 460–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325020911672.

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Atmosphere is a neglected topic in social work, and so this article considers the production of atmospheres amongst the residents of an extant 1960s housing scheme in Edinburgh (UK). This is in order to address not only the complexity of feelings about living on such an estate but also to consider what consequences the paying of attention to atmosphere’s production and effects might have for a social work concern with welfare and wellbeing. The article is based upon semi-structured and walking interviews with 17 residents – council or private renters and home-owners – of Claremont Court, a mix

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Itcovitz, Jonathan P., Auriol S. P. Rae, Robert I. Citron, et al. "Reduced Atmospheres of Post-impact Worlds: The Early Earth." Planetary Science Journal 3, no. 5 (2022): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac67a9.

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Abstract Impacts may have had a significant effect on the atmospheric chemistry of the early Earth. Reduced phases in the impactor (e.g., metallic iron) can reduce the planet’s H2O inventory to produce massive atmospheres rich in H2. While previous studies have focused on the interactions between the impactor and atmosphere in such scenarios, we investigate two further effects: (1) the distribution of the impactor’s iron inventory during impact between the target interior, target atmosphere, and escaping the target; and (2) interactions between the post-impact atmosphere and the impact-generat

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Flagg, Laura, Jake D. Turner, Emily Deibert, et al. "ExoGemS Detection of a Metal Hydride in an Exoplanet Atmosphere at High Spectral Resolution." Astrophysical Journal Letters 953, no. 2 (2023): L19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ace529.

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Abstract Exoplanet atmosphere studies are often enriched by synergies with brown dwarf analogs. However, many key molecules commonly seen in brown dwarfs have yet to be confirmed in exoplanet atmospheres. An important example is chromium hydride (CrH), which is often used to probe atmospheric temperatures and classify brown dwarfs into spectral types. Recently, tentative evidence for CrH was reported in the low-resolution transmission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-31b. Here, we presenthigh spectral resolution observations of WASP-31b’s transmission spectrum from GRACES/Gemini North and UVES

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