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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Attentional bias”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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Gladwin, Thomas E., Martin Möbius, and Eni S. Becker. "Predictive attentional bias modification induces stimulus-evoked attentional bias for threat." Europe’s Journal of Psychology 15, no. 3 (2019): 479–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v15i3.1633.

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Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) aims to modulate attentional biases, but questions remain about its efficacy and there may be new variants yet to explore. The current study tested effects of a novel version of ABM, predictive ABM (predABM), using visually neutral cues predicting the locations of future threatening and neutral stimuli that had a chance of appearing after a delay. Such effects could also help understand anticipatory attentional biases measured using cued Visual Probe Tasks. One hundred and two participants completed the experiment online. We tested whether training Towards T

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Smith, Pauline, Karim N’Diaye, Maeva Fortias, Luc Mallet, and Florence Vorspan. "I can’t get it off my mind: Attentional bias in former and current cocaine addiction." Journal of Psychopharmacology 34, no. 11 (2020): 1218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120944161.

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Background: Cocaine addiction is a global health issue with limited therapeutic options and a high relapse rate. Attentional bias towards substance-related cues may be an important factor for relapse. However, it has never been compared in former and current cocaine-dependent patients. Methods: Attentional bias towards cocaine-related words was assessed using an emotional Stroop task in cocaine-dependent patients ( N = 40), long-term abstinent former cocaine-dependent patients ( N = 24; mean abstinence: 2 years) and control subjects ( N = 28). Participants had to name the colour of cocaine-rel

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Luijten, Maartje, Matt Field, and Ingmar H. A. Franken. "Pharmacological interventions to modulate attentional bias in addiction." CNS Spectrums 19, no. 3 (2013): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852913000485.

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Attentional bias in substance-dependent patients is the tendency to automatically direct attention to substance-related cues in the environment. Preclinical models suggest that attentional bias emerges as a consequence of dopaminergic activity evoked by substance-related cues. The aim of the current review is to describe pharmacological mechanisms underlying attentional bias in humans and to critically review empirical studies that aimed to modulate attentional bias in substance-dependent patients by using pharmacological agents. The findings of the reviewed studies suggest that attentional bi

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Gladwin, Thomas E., and Matthijs Vink. "Alcohol-related Attentional Bias Variability and Conflicting Automatic Associations." Journal of Experimental Psychopathology 9, no. 2 (2018): 204380871877963. http://dx.doi.org/10.5127/jep.062317.

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Attentional bias variability may be related to alcohol abuse. Of potential use for studying variability is the anticipatory attentional bias: Bias due to the locations of predictively-cued rather than already-presented stimuli. The hypothesis was tested that conflicting automatic associations are related to attentional bias variability. Further, relationships were explored between anticipatory biases and individual differences related to alcohol use. 74 social drinkers performed a cued Visual Probe Task and univalent Single-Target Implicit Associations Tasks. Questionnaires were completed on r

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Maruta, Michio, Suguru Shimokihara, Yoshihiko Akasaki, et al. "Associations between Optimism and Attentional Biases as Measured by Threat-Avoidance and Positive-Search Tasks." Healthcare 11, no. 4 (2023): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11040617.

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Evidence suggests that optimism has a positive impact on health status. Attentional bias modification (ABM) may be beneficial for enhancing optimism, but its effective application requires a detailed investigation of the association between attentional bias and optimism. This study aimed to determine the association between attentional bias and optimism based on different task types. Eighty-four participants completed the attentional bias measures using the dot-probe task (DPT), emotional visual search task (EVST) paradigms, and psychological assessments. Optimism was assessed using the Life O

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Gladwin, Thomas E. "Attentional bias variability and cued attentional bias for alcohol stimuli." Addiction Research & Theory 25, no. 1 (2016): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2016.1196674.

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Nowrouzi, Ali, Najmeh Hamid, Kumars Beshlideh, and Seyed Ali Marashy. "The effectiveness of attentional bias modification on attentional bias, pre-attentional bias and craving in abstinent addicts." Advances in Cognitive Science 21, no. 4 (2020): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30699/icss.21.4.12.

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David, Oana A., and Silvia Magurean. "Positive Attention Bias Trained during the Rethink Therapeutic Online Game and Related Improvements in Children and Adolescents’ Mental Health." Children 9, no. 11 (2022): 1600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9111600.

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Attentional bias towards positive stimuli is considered a resilience factor for mental health and well-being. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of an attentional bias training for positive faces in a preventive therapeutic game for children and adolescents. The sample of 54, which consisted of children and adolescents aged between 10–16 years, played the REThink game, which included an attentional bias training level based on the visual search paradigm, where children had the task to quickly find the happy face among other angry faces. We measured mental health, and posit

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Field, Matt, Reshmi Marhe, and Ingmar H. A. Franken. "The clinical relevance of attentional bias in substance use disorders." CNS Spectrums 19, no. 3 (2013): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852913000321.

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Individuals with substance use disorders typically show an “attentional bias” for substance-related cues: Those cues are able to grab and hold the attention, in preference to other cues in the environment. We discuss the theoretical context for this work before reviewing the measurement of attentional bias, and its relationship to motivational state and relapse to substance use after a period of abstinence. Finally, we discuss the implications of this research for the treatment of substance use disorders. We conclude that attentional bias is associated with subjective craving, and that moment-

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Wirth, Benedikt Emanuel, and Dirk Wentura. "Attentional bias to threat in the general population is contingent on target competition, not on attentional control settings." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 4 (2018): 975–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1307864.

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Dot-probe studies usually find an attentional bias towards threatening stimuli only in anxious participants. Here, we investigated under what conditions such a bias occurs in unselected samples. According to contingent-capture theory, an irrelevant cue only captures attention if it matches an attentional control setting. Therefore, we first tested the hypothesis that an attentional control setting tuned to threat must be activated in (non-anxious) individuals. In Experiment 1, we used a dot-probe task with a manipulation of attentional control settings (‘threat’ – set vs. control set). Surpris

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MacLeod, Colin, Ben Grafton, and Lies Notebaert. "Anxiety-Linked Attentional Bias: Is It Reliable?" Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 15, no. 1 (2019): 529–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095505.

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There is substantial evidence that heightened anxiety vulnerability is characterized by increased selective attention to threatening information. The reliability of this anxiety-linked attentional bias has become the focus of considerable recent interest. We distinguish between the potential inconsistency of anxiety-linked attentional bias and inconsistency potentially reflecting the psychometric properties of the assessment approaches used to measure it. Though groups with heightened anxiety vulnerability often exhibit, on average, elevated attention to threat, the evidence suggests that indi

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Notebaert, Lies, Madison Tilbrook, Patrick J. F. Clarke, and Colin MacLeod. "When a Bad Bias Can Be Good: Anxiety-Linked Attentional Bias to Threat in Contexts Where Dangers Can Be Avoided." Clinical Psychological Science 5, no. 3 (2017): 485–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702616681295.

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Anxiety vulnerability is associated with an attentional bias to threat. When threat cues signal dangers that can be mitigated through behavioural action, vigilance for these threat cues can have an adaptive function. It is unknown, however, whether the anxiety-linked attentional bias is maintained or eliminated in contexts where threat cues signal dangers that can be mitigated. The current study used a probe task to assess anxiety-linked attentional bias to threat cues signalling a danger (noise burst) that in one condition could and in another condition could not be mitigated. Results showed

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Wiener, Courtney, Alexandra Perloe, Sarah Whitton, and Donna Pincus. "Attentional Bias in Adolescents with Panic Disorder: Changes over an 8-day Intensive Treatment Program." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 40, no. 2 (2011): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465811000580.

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Background: The present study evaluated attentional bias in adolescents diagnosed with panic disorder. Although a large body of research exists in the area of attentional bias in adults, this feature of panic disorder is not well understood in adolescents. Method: Twenty-five adolescents, aged 12–17, with a panic disorder diagnosis were included in the study. An emotional Stroop task was utilized to assess whether: (1) adolescents with panic disorder exhibit an attentional bias to panic-relevant stimuli; (2) this bias diminishes after completing a course of CBT; and (3) a specific attentional

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Nuijten, Mascha, Peter Blanken, Wim Van den Brink, Anna E. Goudriaan, and Vincent M. Hendriks. "Impulsivity and attentional bias as predictors of modafinil treatment outcome for retention and drug use in crack-cocaine dependent patients: Results of a randomised controlled trial." Journal of Psychopharmacology 30, no. 7 (2016): 616–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881116645268.

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Background: High impulsivity and attentional bias are common in cocaine-dependent patients and predict poor treatment outcomes. The pharmacological agent modafinil is studied for its cognitive-enhancing capacities and may therefore improve clinical outcomes in crack-cocaine dependent patients. In this study, we investigated first whether pre-treatment impulsivity and attentional bias predict treatment outcome; next whether the drug modafinil given as an add-on treatment to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) improves impulsivity and attentional bias; and last, whether changes in impulsivity an

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Paulewicz, Borysław, Agata Blaut, and Joanna Kłosowska. "Cognitive effects of attentional training depend on attentional control." Polish Psychological Bulletin 43, no. 4 (2012): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10059-012-0030-5.

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Abstract Attentional bias is assumed to be partly responsible for the onset and maintenance of anxiety by major cognitive theories of emotional disorders. Although much is already known about the therapeutic effects of attentional bias training, only a few studies have examined the mechanism responsible for these effects. In order to test if low-level, cognitive effects of attentional bias training depend on attentional control, 73 participants, who completed the STAI-x2 and the ACS questionnaires, were randomly assigned to a control (n = 37) or attentional training group (n = 36). The attenti

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Tobon, Juliana I., Allison J. Ouimet, and David J. A. Dozois. "Attentional Bias in Anxiety Disorders Following Cognitive Behavioral Treatment." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 25, no. 2 (2011): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.25.2.114.

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A substantive literature suggests that anxious people have an attentional bias toward threatening stimuli. To date, however, no systematic review has examined the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety on attentional bias. A better understanding of the extant literature on CBT and its effect on attentional bias can serve to bridge the gap between experimental research on cognitive bias and the implications for clinical treatment of anxiety disorders. The present review examined studies that measured the effects of CBT on attentional bias. Of the 13 studies reviewed, 10 demon

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Wong, P. M., D. H. Barker, H. A. Raynor, C. Hart, and M. A. Carskadon. "0257 Preliminary Findings: Attentional Bias for Food Cues Unrelated to Time Awake or Circadian Phase During Forced Desynchrony in Adolescents." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.255.

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Abstract Introduction Sleep quantity and quality influence attentional bias, and attentional bias for food cues has been associated with body weight. Whether the endogenous circadian cycle and/or time from awakening to bedtime contribute to attentional bias for food and differences in weight remain unclear. Using a 28-h forced desynchrony (FD) design, we hypothesized that adolescents with overweight (OW) and obesity (O) would have more attentional bias for food cues later in the wake episode and at a later circadian phase compared to adolescents with a healthy weight (HW). Methods 50 (28 male)

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Becker, Jennifer M., Henning Holle, Dimitri M. L. van Ryckeghem, et al. "No preconscious attentional bias towards itch in healthy individuals." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0273581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273581.

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Rapidly attending towards potentially harmful stimuli to prevent possible damage to the body is a critical component of adaptive behavior. Research suggests that individuals display an attentional bias, i.e., preferential allocation of attention, for consciously perceived bodily sensations that signal potential threat, like itch or pain. Evidence is not yet clear whether an attentional bias also exists for stimuli that have been presented for such a short duration that they do not enter the stream of consciousness. This study investigated whether a preconscious attentional bias towards itch-re

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MacLeod, Colin, and Patrick J. F. Clarke. "The Attentional Bias Modification Approach to Anxiety Intervention." Clinical Psychological Science 3, no. 1 (2015): 58–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702614560749.

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Anxiety vulnerability and dysfunction are characterized by an attentional bias to threat. Cognitive training procedures designed to modify selective attentional responding to threat originally were developed to test the hypothesis that this attentional bias causally contributes to anxious disposition. The capacity of attentional bias modification (ABM) training to alleviate dysfunctional anxiety has since attracted growing interest, and the present article reviews studies that have evaluated this therapeutic potential. When intended ABM training has successfully reduced attention to threat, it

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Lu, Shengfu, Jiying Xu, Mi Li, et al. "Attentional bias scores in patients with depression and effects of age: a controlled, eye-tracking study." Journal of International Medical Research 45, no. 5 (2017): 1518–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060517708920.

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Objective To compare the attentional bias of depressed patients and non-depressed control subjects and examine the effects of age using eye-tracking technology in a free-viewing set of tasks. Methods Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and non-depressed control subjects completed an eye-tracking task to assess attention of processing negative, positive and neutral facial expressions. In this cross-sectional study, the tasks were separated in two types (neutral versus happy faces and neutral versus sad faces) and assessed in two age groups (‘young’ [18–30 years] and ‘middle-aged’ [31–

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Öksüz Özdemir, Nazende Ceren. "Examination of the Relationship Between Depressive Mood Level and Attentional Bias." Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences 9, no. 3 (2022): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jnbs.jnbs_25_22.

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Summary: Attention is defined as the cognitive process to detect a particular internal or external stimulus, and maintaining focus are closely related to mood. The orientation of the attention resource (Attention allocation) is shaped by the mood of the person. Focusing more on negative and threatening stimuli than neutral and/or positive stimuli in the outside world is called “Attentional Bias”. This article emphasizes that attentional bias is linked with the level of depressive mood state, between a low level of depressive mood and a high level of depression. Aim: This research aimed to exam

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Lopes, Fernanda Machado, Keitiline R. Viacava, and Lisiane Bizarro. "Attentional bias modification based on visual probe task: methodological issues, results and clinical relevance." Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 37, no. 4 (2015): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0011.

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Introduction: Attentional bias, the tendency that a person has to drive or maintain attention to a specific class of stimuli, may play an important role in the etiology and persistence of mental disorders. Attentional bias modification has been studied as a form of additional treatment related to automatic processing. Objectives: This systematic literature review compared and discussed methods, evidence of success and potential clinical applications of studies about attentional bias modification (ABM) using a visual probe task. Methods: The Web of Knowledge, PubMed and PsycInfo were searched u

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Schrooten, Martien G. S., Stefaan Van Damme, Geert Crombez, Hanne Kindermans, and Johan W. S. Vlaeyen. "Winning or not losing? The impact of non-pain goal focus on attentional bias to learned pain signals." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 18, no. 4 (2018): 675–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2018-0055.

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Abstract Background and aims Insights into the nature of cognitive bias, including attentional bias to threat signals, are considered pivotal to understanding (chronic) pain and related distress. It has been put forward that attention to pain-related threat is normally dynamic and relates to the motivational state of the individual. In this experiment we aimed (i) to replicate the finding that attentional bias for pain signals in healthy participants can be reduced when a non-pain goal is pursued, and (ii) to extend this finding by taking into account the outcome focus of the non-pain goal. We

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Kim, S. Y., and Y. Choi. "Attentional Bias to Angry Faces: Contrasting Responses in Typically Developing Children and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." European Psychiatry 67, S1 (2024): S457—S458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.949.

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IntroductionHuman faces generally attract immediate attention. However, it has been found that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to allocate relatively less attention to faces. Previous research showed that typically developing children (TD) exhibited an attentional bias to angry faces, regardless of their anxiety levels, but it’s unclear if this applies to children with ASD. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate attentional bias induced by angry and/or happy faces in children with ASD.ObjectivesWe explored attentional bias toward angry faces in both TD children and

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Lavy, Edith H., and Marcel A. van den Hout. "Attentional Bias for Appetitive Cues: Effects of Fasting in Normal Subjects." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 21, no. 4 (1993): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465800011632.

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A long series of earlier studies demonstrated that fearful subjects selectively allocate attention to sources of perceived threat. Such attentional bias may not be limited to negative cues. It is hypothesized that attentional bias serves to enhance early identification of action-relevant cues and that such bias also occurs when subjects are confronted with positive valenced cues that evoke an urge to act immediately. In order to determine whether or not the attentional bias effect is limited to unpleasant stimuli, we studied the effects of 24 hours of fasting, focusing our attention on a possi

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Tan, Zhang, and Choo. "Perspectives on Modifying Attentional Biases Amongst Individuals with Tobacco Use Disorder Using Technology: A Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15 (2019): 2644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152644.

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Smoking remains a significant health problem. Attentional biases influence smoking behaviours, but have not been the target of psychosocial interventions. The first part of this perspective article will provide an overview of the theoretical constructs underlying attentional biases, methods of measuring attentional biases, and evidence for attentional bias modification amongst individuals with tobacco use disorders. The second part of this article will outline how the advent of technological advances could be harnessed in attentional bias modification for smokers. As there is potential for att

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l, l., and l. l. "Mitigating Attentional Bias: The Impact of Perceived Social Self-Efficacy in Individuals with MMO Games Addiction Tendency." Korean Data Analysis Society 26, no. 1 (2024): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2024.26.1.15.

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Low self-efficacy in interpersonal relationships, linked to MMO game addiction, worsens the inclination towards addiction as individuals seek social interaction within the game, leading to attentional bias towards game stimuli. This study aimed to investigate if manipulating perceived social self-efficacy levels could reduce attentional bias in MMO game addiction compared to non-addictive gamers. 503 undergraduates participated, including the MMO addiction group (n=60) and the control group (n=60), identified through the Korean version of the Internet Game Disorder Scale. Participants were div

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Morgan, C. J. A., H. Rees, and H. V. Curran. "Attentional bias to incentive stimuli in frequent ketamine users." Psychological Medicine 38, no. 9 (2008): 1331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291707002450.

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BackgroundThe attention-grabbing properties of drugs to drug-using individuals have been well documented and recent research has begun to suggest that such attentional bias may be related to the severity of drug dependency. Dependence on ketamine has been reported anecdotally but no systematic study has investigated this phenomenon. We aimed to explore attentional biases to incentive stimuli in different populations of ketamine users.MethodUsing a dot-probe paradigm, attentional bias to both drug-related and money-related stimuli was investigated in 150 participants: 30 frequent ketamine users

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Jiang, Wu, Huan Zhang, Haoping Yang, Zonghao Zhang, and Aijun Wang. "The Absence of Attentional Bias to Low-Calorie Food Stimuli in Restrictive Dieters: Differences in the Allocation of Attentional Resources to High-Calorie Foods." Brain Sciences 14, no. 6 (2024): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14060551.

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Restrictive dieters are those who expect to achieve body shape and weight control through dieting. However, they often have difficulty suppressing the desire to consume food when confronted with it. It has been shown that when high- and low-calorie foods are presented together, the attention of restrictive eaters is preferentially directed to high-calorie foods. However, whether attentional bias occurs when low-calorie foods are present alone and whether the allocation of attentional resources is consistent with that for high-calorie foods has yet to be explored. The present study focused on t

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Kuehl, Linn K., Christian E. Deuter, Jan Nowacki, Lisa Ueberrueck, Katja Wingenfeld, and Christian Otte. "Attentional bias in individuals with depression and adverse childhood experiences: influence of the noradrenergic system?" Psychopharmacology 238, no. 12 (2021): 3519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-05969-7.

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Abstract Rationale Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental disorder with affective, cognitive, and somatic symptoms. Mood congruent cognitive biases, including a negative attentional bias, are important for development, maintenance, and recurrence of depressive symptoms. MDD is associated with maladaptive changes in the biological stress systems such as dysregulations of central noradrenergic alpha2-receptors in the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system, which can affect cognitive processes including attention. Patients with adverse childhood experiences (ACE), representing severe st

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Kuehl, Linn K., Christian E. Deuter, Jan Nowacki, Lisa Ueberrueck, Katja Wingenfeld, and Christian Otte. "Attentional bias in individuals with depression and adverse childhood experiences: influence of the noradrenergic system?" Psychopharmacology 238, no. 12 (2021): 3519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-05969-7.

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Abstract Rationale Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental disorder with affective, cognitive, and somatic symptoms. Mood congruent cognitive biases, including a negative attentional bias, are important for development, maintenance, and recurrence of depressive symptoms. MDD is associated with maladaptive changes in the biological stress systems such as dysregulations of central noradrenergic alpha2-receptors in the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system, which can affect cognitive processes including attention. Patients with adverse childhood experiences (ACE), representing severe st

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TÜRKOĞLU, Sevgül, Sonia AMADO, Ali Saffet GÖNÜL, and Çağdaş EKER. "Comparison of Alcohol Attentional Bias and Alcohol Craving Among Alcohol Abusers and Non-Abusers." Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 14, Ek 1 (2022): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1095312.

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The aim of this research is to investigate implicit cognitive process underlying alcohol craving and relationship between alcohol attentional bias and alcohol craving by using visual probe task. Current study examined whether alcohol abusers show attentional bias toward alcohol related task compared with non- abusers and causal relationship between alcohol attentional bias and alcohol craving. Firstly, participants were divided two groups (non abusers- abusers) and they were completed alcohol craving scale to determinate their alcohol craving level. Then, participants alcohol attentional bias

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Smith, Evelyn, Agatha Treffiletti, Phoebe E. Bailey, and Ahmed A. Moustafa. "The effect of attentional bias modification training on food intake in overweight and obese women." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 10-11 (2018): 1511–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318758856.

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This study modified food attentional biases via computerized attentional bias modification training and examined the effects on food intake. Overweight women were randomly allocated to (1) direct attention away from food (“attentional-training”), (2) direct attention at random to food or neutral (“placebo”), or (3) no training (“control”). Individuals then completed a taste test. Those in the attentional-training consumed on average 600 kJ less of total food compared to the placebo. Those in the attentional-training had a reduction in food attentional bias compared to the placebo group, when c

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R, Owens, Smith S, Lindsey S, Marker C, and Robinson B. "A-158 The Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Attentional Bias." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (2020): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.158.

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Abstract Objective This study aims to investigate the relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs, specifically household dysfunction) and attentional bias. Research has shown that ACEs can induce psychological stress and result in greater risk for neuropsychological difficulties among children who experience them (Raver and Blair., 2016). Therefore, we hypothesize that children with higher levels of ACE exposure will show higher levels of attentional bias overall. Data Selection Data was obtained through the longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. The broader d

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Kim, Sujin, Kiho Kim, and Jang-Han Lee. "Effects of Dispositional Coping Strategy and Level of Health Anxiety on Attentional Bias." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 42, no. 7 (2014): 1183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2014.42.7.1183.

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We examined the influence of dispositional coping strategy and level of health anxiety (HA) on attentional bias in regard to health-related stimuli. In a dot-probe task participants were exposed to health and nonhealth-related words for 1,250 ms. The high HA group showed significantly greater attentional bias in regard to health stimuli compared to the low HA group. In addition, in the low HA group there was no difference in attentional bias toward health-related words according to whether they were blunters (cognitively avoidant) or monitors (vigilant for information), but in the group with h

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Song, Ji-Hyun, and So-Yeon Kim. "Push–Pull Mechanism of Attention and Emotion in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 14 (2024): 4206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144206.

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Background/Objectives: While deficits in executive attention and alerting systems in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are well-documented, findings regarding orienting attention in ADHD have been inconsistent. The current study investigated the mechanism of attentional orienting in children with ADHD by examining their attentional bias towards threatening stimuli. Furthermore, we explored the modulating role of anxiety levels in ADHD on this attentional bias. Methods: In Experiment 1, 20 children with ADHD and 26 typically developing children (TDC) performed a cont

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Edalati, Hanie, Zach Walsh, and David S. Kosson. "Attentional Bias in Psychopathy." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 60, no. 11 (2015): 1344–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x15577791.

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Basanovic, Julian, Lies Notebaert, Ben Grafton, Colette R. Hirsch, and Patrick J. F. Clarke. "Attentional control predicts change in bias in response to attentional bias modification." Behaviour Research and Therapy 99 (December 2017): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2017.09.002.

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Lee, J. E., S. H. Kim, S. K. Shin, A. Wachholtz, and J. H. Lee. "Attentional Engagement for Pain-Related Information among Individuals with Chronic Pain: The Role of Pain Catastrophizing." Pain Research and Management 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6038406.

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Although the evidence of the attentional bias of chronic pain individuals toward pain-related information is established in the literature, few studies examined the time course of attention toward pain stimuli and the role of pain catastrophizing on attentional engagement toward pain-related information. This study examined the time course of attention to pain-related information and the role of pain catastrophizing on attentional engagement for pain-related information. Participants were fifty young adult participants with chronic pain (35% male, 65% female; M = 21.8 years) who completed self

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Blaes, Sebastian, and Thomas Burwick. "Attentional Bias Through Oscillatory Coherence Between Excitatory Activity and Inhibitory Minima." Neural Computation 27, no. 7 (2015): 1405–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00742.

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An implementation of attentional bias is presented for a network model that couples excitatory and inhibitory oscillatory units in a manner that is inspired by the mechanisms that generate cortical gamma oscillations. Attentional biases are implemented as oscillatory coherences between excitatory units that encode the spatial location or features of the target and the pool of inhibitory units. This form of attentional bias is motivated by neurophysiological findings that relate selective attention to spike field coherence. Including also pattern recognition mechanisms, we demonstrate how this

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Gardini, Simona, Paolo Caffarra, and Annalena Venneri. "Decreased drug-cue-induced attentional bias in individuals with treated and untreated drug dependence." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 21, no. 4 (2009): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2009.00389.x.

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Objective:The present study investigated the attentional bias induced by drug-related stimuli in active abusers; abstinent abusers on opioid substitution therapy; and abstinent drug-dependent patients in recovery on a community-based non-pharmacological therapy programme. Drug-dependent groups included both cocaine and heroin abusers.Methods:Classical and emotional Stroop tasks were used to test all drug-dependent patients and controls with no history of addiction. Response times were recorded. An interference effect was obtained by comparing the congruent and incongruent conditions in the cla

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Choo, Carol C., Yi Zhuang Tan, and Melvyn W. B. Zhang. "A Smartphone App for Attentional Bias Retraining in Smokers: Mixed Methods Pilot Study." JMIR Formative Research 6, no. 1 (2022): e22582. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22582.

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Background Smoking is a global health threat. Attentional bias influences smoking behaviors. Although attentional bias retraining has shown benefits and recent advances in technology suggest that attentional bias retraining can be delivered via smartphone apps, there is a paucity of research on this topic. Objective This study aims to address this gap by exploring the use of attentional bias retraining via a novel smartphone app using a mixed methods pilot study. In the quantitative phase, it is hypothesized that participants in the training group who undertake attentional bias retraining via

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Carmona, Arturo R., Jennie M. Kuckertz, Jenna Suway, Nader Amir, John Piacentini, and Susanna W. Chang. "Attentional Bias in Youth With Clinical Anxiety: The Moderating Effect of Age." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 29, no. 3 (2015): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.29.3.185.

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Cognitive models of anxiety suggest that threat-related attentional biases are associated with youth anxiety disorders. Although meta-analyses suggest that anxious youths display a bias toward threat, there is variability among studies, with youths displaying either an attention bias toward or away from threat. One possibility that may account for these discrepancies is the effect of youth age. Previous studies have found an effect of age on attentional biases in nonclinical samples. In this study, we examined the effects of age on attentional biases in youths diagnosed with an anxiety disorde

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Wolf, P. Andrea, Elske Salemink, and Reinout W. Wiers. "Attentional retraining and cognitive biases in a regular cannabis smoking student population." SUCHT 62, no. 6 (2016): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000455.

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Abstract. Aim Repeated drug use can lead to attentional bias and approach tendencies, which are thought to play an important role in problematic substance use and dependence. The aims of the current study were to 1) test an attentional retraining procedure in a sample of moderate and heavy cannabis using students and 2) compare baseline attentional and approach bias between the two groups with different implicit measures. Design and participants Attentional bias scores toward cannabis-related or neutral stimuli were determined with modified versions of the Visual Probe Task and the cannabis St

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Lindblom, Jallu, Mikko J. Peltola, Mervi Vänskä, et al. "Early family system types predict children’s emotional attention biases at school age." International Journal of Behavioral Development 41, no. 2 (2016): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025415620856.

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The family environment shapes children’s social information processing and emotion regulation. Yet, the long-term effects of early family systems have rarely been studied. This study investigated how family system types predict children’s attentional biases toward facial expressions at the age of 10 years. The participants were 79 children from Cohesive, Disengaged, Enmeshed, and Authoritarian family types based on marital and parental relationship trajectories from pregnancy to the age of 12 months. A dot-probe task was used to assess children’s emotional attention biases toward threatening (

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Cox, W. Miles, Javad S. Fadardi, James M. Intriligator, and Eric Klinger. "Attentional bias modification for addictive behaviors: clinical implications." CNS Spectrums 19, no. 3 (2014): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852914000091.

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When a person has a goal of drinking alcohol or using another addictive substance, the person appears to be automatically distracted by stimuli related to the goal. Because the attentional bias might propel the person to use the substance, an intervention might help modify it. In this article, we discuss techniques that have been developed to help people overcome their attentional bias for alcohol, smoking-related stimuli, drugs, or unhealthy food. We also discuss how these techniques are being adapted for use on mobile devices. The latter would allow people with an addictive behavior to use t

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Palmer, Sarah Jane. "Attentional biases in neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions." British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 20, no. 3 (2024): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2024.0031.

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People with neurological conditions have been observed to display attentional bias towards facial expressions in others. This article discusses some of the literature around attentional bias, and what that might mean for the individual and those working with them.

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LUBMAN, D. I., L. A. PETERS, K. MOGG, B. P. BRADLEY, and J. F. W. DEAKIN. "Attentional bias for drug cues in opiate dependence." Psychological Medicine 30, no. 1 (2000): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291799001269.

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Background. In a number of theories of compulsive drug use conditioned responses to stimuli associated with drug taking play a pivotal role. For example, according to incentive-sensitization theory (Robinson & Berridge, 1993), drug-related stimuli selectively capture attention, and the neural mechanisms underlying this attentional bias play a key role in the development and maintenance of drug dependence, and in relapse. However, there has been little work that assesses attentional biases in addiction.Methods. We used a pictorial probe detection task to investigate whether there is an atte

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Hsu, Kean J., and Gerald C. Davison. "Compounded Deficits." Clinical Psychological Science 5, no. 2 (2017): 286–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702617692998.

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Attentional dysfunction is commonly found in depressed individuals in the form of impairment on measures of selective attention as well as attentional biases for negative information. Although a relationship between nonvalenced and valenced aspects of attention has been suggested based on theory, functional neuroanatomy, and studies in other populations, this relationship has not been explicitly explored in depressed individuals. A total of 91 individuals who were currently depressed, formerly depressed, or never depressed completed tasks assessing neuropsychological functioning and attentiona

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Hester, Robert, and Maartje Luijten. "Neural correlates of attentional bias in addiction." CNS Spectrums 19, no. 3 (2013): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852913000473.

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A small but growing neuroimaging literature has begun to examine the neural mechanisms underlying the difficulty that substance-use dependent (SUD) groups have with ignoring salient, drug-related stimuli. Drug-related attentional bias appears to implicate the countermanding forces of cognitive control and reward salience. Basic cognitive neuroscience research suggests that ignoring emotionally evocative stimuli in our environment requires both up-regulation of control networks and down-regulation of processing in emotion and reward regions. Research to date suggests that attentional biases for

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