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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Australian lamb industry”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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1

Pannier, L., E. N. Ponnampalam, G. E. Gardner, D. L. Hopkins, A. J. Ball, R. H. Jacob, K. L. Pearce, and D. W. Pethick. "Prime Australian lamb supplies key nutrients for human health." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10132.

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This study investigated genetic and non-genetic factors affecting the iron, zinc and omega-3 fatty acid levels of fresh lamb meat. Results from the 2007 progeny of the Australian Sheep Industry Cooperative Research Centre Information Nucleus flock, ~2000 lambs, are presented here. The average level of iron and zinc in lamb muscle was 2.05 and 2.31 mg/100 g, respectively. The iron level was 103% of that required to claim lamb as a ‘good source’ of iron for men of all ages and women older than 50 years, and the average level of zinc was 116% of that required to claim lamb as a ‘good source’ of z

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Hopkins, D. L., E. S. Toohey, K. L. Pearce, and I. Richards. "Some important changes in the Australian sheep meat processing industry." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07393.

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In the last 5 years there has been a dramatic increase in the adoption in the Australian sheep meat processing industry of electrical technologies designed to streamline processing and improve product quality. Part of this change was initiated by an Australia-wide audit of lamb tenderness in 1997–98 and the development of a program to establish an eating quality scheme for sheep meat across Australia. Critically, these initiatives coincided with the development of new ways of administering electrical currents to either bodies or carcasses. Underlying this new approach is the electrocution of c

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Hutchison, Dayna, Bronwyn E. Clarke, Serina Hancock, Andrew N. Thompson, Elise Bowen, and Caroline Jacobson. "Lower Reproductive Rate and Lamb Survival Contribute to Lower Lamb Marking Rate in Maiden Ewes Compared to Multiparous Ewes." Animals 12, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12040513.

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Suboptimal reproductive performance of maiden (primiparous) ewes remains a source of inefficiency for the Australian sheep industry. However, the extent and causes of the poorer reproductive performance of maiden ewes on Australian sheep farms are not well understood. Here, we show the reproductive performance of maiden ewes relative to their multiparous counterparts on the same farms across Australia using a cohort survey. The difference in marking rate for non-Merino maiden ewe lambs compared to multiparous ewes was 58% (74 vs. 132%; p < 0.001), and this was attributable to a 50% differen

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4

Brash, LD, NM Fogarty, and AR Gilmour. "Reproductive performance and genetic parameters for Australian Dorset Sheep." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, no. 2 (1994): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9940427.

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Reproductive performance of ewes in a large Dorset stud flock is reported. The data included 2488 ewes with 10016 joining records over 25 years. Average performance for reproductive traits were: fertility 92%, litter size 1.31, neonatal lamb survival 91%, lamb survival to weaning 85%, with overall lambs born 1.20 and lambs weaned 1.02 per ewe joined. Differences between breeds (Poll Dorset and Dorset Horn), season of birth (spring and autumn) and season of joining (spring and autumn) were significant for most reproduction traits. Linear and quadratic regressions for age of ewe at joining were

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Refshauge, G., F. D. Brien, G. N. Hinch, and R. van de Ven. "Neonatal lamb mortality: factors associated with the death of Australian lambs." Animal Production Science 56, no. 4 (2016): 726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15121.

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The objective of the present study was to examine the factors associated with the death of neonatal lambs. Postmortem autopsy data were collected from 3198 newborn lambs in the Sheep CRCs Information Nucleus Flock situated in various environments throughout southern Australia. The proportion dying by category from highest to lowest was starvation–mismothering (25%), stillbirth (21%), birth injury (18%), dystocia (9%), death in utero–prematurity (10%), predation (7%), cold exposure (5%), undiagnosed (4%), infection (1%) or misadventure (1%). Factors best explaining the probability of lambs fall

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Kopp, Kayla, Marta Hernandez-Jover, Susan Robertson, Angel Abuelo, and Michael Friend. "A Survey of New South Wales Sheep Producer Practices and Perceptions on Lamb Mortality and Ewe Supplementation." Animals 10, no. 9 (September 5, 2020): 1586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091586.

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High lamb mortality rates reduce profitability and reduce the perceived animal welfare standards of the industry. This study aimed to understand producer knowledge of lamb mortality rates and causes of lamb mortality, and to investigate various practices and perceptions of producers that may contribute to lamb deaths. Postal and online surveys gathered data on Australian sheep producer’s knowledge and practices around lambing and management practices. Based on results, approximately 50% of producers estimated less than 10% mortality of lambs between birth and marking, compared to published dat

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Schmoelzl, Sabine, and Fran Cowley. "The case for pre-parturient selenium and iodine supplementation of ewes for improving lamb survival." Animal Production Science 56, no. 8 (2016): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15362.

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Lamb survival is an issue of high relevance to the Australian sheep industry, as lamb-survival rates have direct bearing on overall reproductive performance of the sheep, and also constitute a main concern from an animal welfare perspective (Mellor and Stafford 2004). Both genetic and management factors play an important role in this complex issue (Hinch and Brien 2014). Ewe nutrition is of particular relevance as the intrauterine growth conditions prepare the lamb for the crucial transition to life outside the uterus. Effects of body condition of the ewe during various stages of the pregnancy

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8

Brien, F. D., S. W. P. Cloete, N. M. Fogarty, J. C. Greeff, M. L. Hebart, S. Hiendleder, J. E. Hocking Edwards, et al. "A review of the genetic and epigenetic factors affecting lamb survival." Animal Production Science 54, no. 6 (2014): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an13140.

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Poor lamb survival pre-weaning is a major source of reproductive inefficiency in Australian sheep flocks. While nutrition and management options have been extensively researched and promoted to improve lamb survival, the present review focuses on the prospects for obtaining genetic gain and helps identify selection strategies for boosting such gains to improve overall reproductive efficiency in the Australian sheep industry. Estimated heritability for lamb survival using linear model analysis is low, although use of threshold models suggests that heritability could be higher, which, if true, c

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9

Hopkins, D. L. "Processing technology changes in the Australian sheep meat industry: an overview." Animal Production Science 51, no. 5 (2011): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10258.

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Over the last 20 years the Australian sheep industry, particularly the lamb meat sector, has undergone a major change in focus such that consumer requirements are a paramount determinant for production and processing developments. As a result automatic accurate methods of measuring carcasses for traits like fatness and meat yield have been important to aid a reduction by industry in carcass fat levels in line with domestic and international consumer demand. This occurred while carcass weight increased due to a range of genetic and production factors implemented on-farm. Further to this in the

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10

Russell, B. C., G. McAlister, I. S. Ross, and D. W. Pethick. "Lamb and sheep meat eating quality — industry and scientific issues and the need for integrated research." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 5 (2005): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04007.

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This paper provides an introduction to the special edition of the Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture dedicated to an integrated research program aimed at understanding the critical control points which determine the consumer defined eating quality of Australian lamb and sheep meat. The reasons for a general approach in the research is outlined.

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11

Watkins, Peter. "Chemical lean determination of boneless beef and lamb using a halogen moisture analyser." Animal Production Science 61, no. 7 (2021): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20445.

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Context Chemical lean (CL) is an important metric used by the Australian meat industry to describe fat content of meat product. It is a minimum meat specification included in contracts between Australian vendors of bulk packed boneless manufacturing meat and overseas or domestic buyers and can be regarded as the complement of chemically determined fat in meat (% fat, CL = 100-% fat). The microwave moisture method is commonly used for measuring CL content of meat in Australian abattoirs, relying on a relationship between CL and moisture content of boneless meat. It is regarded as a quick and ea

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12

Gardner, G. E., A. Williams, J. Siddell, A. J. Ball, S. Mortimer, R. H. Jacob, K. L. Pearce, J. E. Hocking Edwards, J. B. Rowe, and D. W. Pethick. "Using Australian Sheep Breeding Values to increase lean meat yield percentage." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10144.

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This study describes the impact of Australian Sheep Breeding Values (ASBV) for post-weaning weight (PWWT), C-site fatness (PFAT) and eye muscle depth (PEMD) on lamb carcasses within the Australian Sheep Industry CRC Information Nucleus Flock. These results are taken from the 2007 drop progeny, consisting of ~2000 lambs slaughtered at a target weight of 21.5 kg. These lambs were the progeny of sires selected to ensure genetic diversity across various production traits. As expected, the PWWT ASBV increased weight at slaughter, and hot standard carcass weight. Dressing percentage was markedly imp

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13

Pethick, D. W., A. J. Ball, R. G. Banks, and J. F. Hocquette. "Current and future issues facing red meat quality in a competitive market and how to manage continuous improvement." Animal Production Science 51, no. 1 (2011): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10041.

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This paper discusses current and future issues facing lamb and beef meat quality and proposes strategies to manage quality improvements into the future. Based on survey data of Australian consumers and whole supply chain profit drivers, it is argued that the three most important quality areas for future research are lean meat yield, eating quality and human nutritive value. These areas have complex biological interactions, both antagonistic and complimentary, which require careful management so as to produce the best outcome for industry and the consumer. It is argued that the best way forward

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14

Mortimer, S. I., J. H. J. van der Werf, R. H. Jacob, D. W. Pethick, K. L. Pearce, R. D. Warner, G. H. Geesink, et al. "Preliminary estimates of genetic parameters for carcass and meat quality traits in Australian sheep." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10126.

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Using performance from progeny born in 2007 and 2008 generated by the Information Nucleus program of the Cooperative Research Centre for Sheep Industry Innovation, preliminary estimates of heritability were obtained for a range of novel carcass and meat attributes of lamb relevant to consumers, including carcass characteristics, meat quality and nutritional value of lamb. Phenotypic and genetic correlations of live animal traits with carcass composition and meat quality traits were also estimated. The data were from progeny located at eight sites, sired by 183 rams from Merino, maternal and te

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15

Barwick, S. A., D. J. Brown, B. R. Cullis, A. K. Bell, T. J. May, M. W. Lollback, I. M. Rogan, et al. "The performance of the Border Leicester in Australia." Animal Production Science 61, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an19493.

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Aims We examine the average performance of Border Leicester (BL) flocks that are part of LAMBPLAN, Australia’s sheep performance recording and genetic evaluation system. We also summarise outcomes from the New South Wales Department of Primary Industry’s research on BL improvement, and discuss the performance required for the BL to continue to be a pivotal part of the Australian prime lamb industry. Key results Modest gains have been recorded in the BL in growth since 2000 and faecal egg counts have reduced, suggesting improved worm resistance. The net reproductive rate has slightly improved,

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Pethick, D. W., R. D. Warner, and R. G. Banks. "Preface: Genetic improvement of lamb—industry issues and the need for integrated research." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 6 (2006): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/arv57n6_pr.

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This paper provides an introduction to the special edition of the Australian Journal of Agricultural Research dedicated to an integrated research program to understand the effects of genetic selection for live animal traits (growth, muscle, and fatness) that determine carcass and meat attributes. Combined with this are the effects of nutritional status of the dam and growing lamb. The reasons for, and general approach of, the research is outlined.

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Huhn, K. J., E. J. Seymour, and A. M. Ridley. "Environmental Management Systems in the Australian lamb industry: challenges and opportunities for family farms." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 3 (2007): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06256.

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An Environmental Management System (EMS) has been piloted in the Victorian lamb industry by two producer groups, one with an export focus and one with a domestic focus. We report on producers’ motivation to become involved in EMS, their current environmental performance in 15 aspects of farm management estimated through self-assessment and their experiences with an entry level EMS process. Producers were surveyed to assess motivation for participating before commencing. The results showed a major motivation was concern for the environment and an expressed ‘feeling’ of being responsible for the

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Fogarty, N. M., D. L. Hopkins, and R. van de Ven. "Lamb production from diverse genotypes. 1. Lamb growth and survival and ewe performance." Animal Science 70, no. 1 (February 2000): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800051675.

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AbstractGrowth and survival of 3673 female and cryptorchid lambs representing the range of types (second cross, first cross and Merino) produced in the Australian lamb industry are reported. The lambs were sired by a selection of Poll Dorset (D; no. = 7), Texel (T; no. = 10), Border Leicester (BL; no. = 12) and Merino (M; no. = 12) rams and born to Border Leicester × Merino (BLM) and Merino (M) dams, which resulted in six lamb genotypes (D×BLM, T×BLM, D×M, T×M, BL×M and M×M). The second cross lambs (D×BLM, T×BLM) were heavier at birth, weaning and post-weaning and had higher growth rates, than

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Fogarty, N. M., D. L. Hopkins, and R. van de Ven. "Lamb production from diverse genotypes. 2. Carcass characteristics." Animal Science 70, no. 1 (February 2000): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800051687.

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AbstractCarcass and meat quality characteristics for 2408 cryptorchid and female lambs at mean carcass weights of 24·8 kg and 19·3 kg respectively are reported. The lambs were sired by a selection of Poll Dorset (D; no. = 7), Texel (T; no. = 10), Border Leicester (BL; no. =12) and Merino (M; no. =12) rams and born to Border Leicester × Merino (BLM) and Merino (M) dams. The lambs comprised six genotypes (D×BLM, T×BLM, D×M, T×M, BL×M and M×M) that represent the range of types (second cross, first cross and Merino) produced in the Australian lamb industry. The second cross (D×BLM, T×BLM) and firs

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Vere, D. T., and G. R. Griffith. "Modifying quantitative forecasts of livestock production using expert judgments: An application to the australian lamb industry." Journal of Forecasting 14, no. 5 (September 1995): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/for.3980140505.

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Friend, Michael A., Marie S. Bhanugopan, Shawn R. McGrath, Janelle Hocking Edwards, Serina Hancock, Kate Loudon, David Miller, et al. "Do calcium and magnesium deficiencies in reproducing ewes contribute to high lamb mortality?" Animal Production Science 60, no. 6 (2020): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17588.

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High lamb mortality continues to be a significant economic and welfare problem within the Australian sheep industry, with 20–30% of lambs born in commercial flocks dying mostly within 3 days of birth. Clinical hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia cause ewe mortality, and, subsequently, either fetal or lamb death, but it is not known whether subclinical deficiencies of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) compromise lamb survival. This review considers the potential mechanisms through which Ca and Mg deficiencies may influence lamb survival, and factors influencing the risk of deficiency. Pastures graz

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Thompson, A. N., M. B. Ferguson, A. J. D. Campbell, D. J. Gordon, G. A. Kearney, C. M. Oldham, and B. L. Paganoni. "Improving the nutrition of Merino ewes during pregnancy and lactation increases weaning weight and survival of progeny but does not affect their mature size." Animal Production Science 51, no. 9 (2011): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an09139.

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Lamb growth to weaning, and during the period immediately following weaning, influences post-weaning mortality and may affect mature size. The hypothesis tested in the experiments reported in this paper was that changes in the maternal liveweight of Merino ewes during pregnancy and lactation could predict the weight at weaning, post-weaning survival and mature size of their progeny. At two sites (Vic. and WA) in each of two years, a wide range in the liveweight profiles of ewes was generated during pregnancy and lactation by varying the amount of supplements fed and feed on offer grazed. Acros

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Ferguson, M. B., J. M. Young, G. A. Kearney, G. E. Gardner, I. R. D. Robertson, and A. N. Thompson. "The value of genetic fatness in Merino ewes differs with production system and environment." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10130.

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Selection against fatness in the Australian sheep industry has been a priority, but defining the true value of fat requires an understanding of the effects it has on both the value of lamb carcasses and on sheep productivity. A Merino flock with 10 years of reproduction data was used to analyse the correlation between breeding values for fatness at yearling age (YFAT) and the number of lambs born per ewe mated (NLB). In 2 production years, NLB was related (P < 0.01) to YFAT resulting in an extra 14 or 24.5 lambs born per 100 ewes mated per mm of YFAT. Based on these relationships, bio-econo

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Hopkins, D. L., E. Safari, J. M. Thompson, and C. R. Smith. "Video image analysis in the Australian meat industry – precision and accuracy of predicting lean meat yield in lamb carcasses." Meat Science 67, no. 2 (June 2004): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2003.10.015.

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Vallejo Adriana, Fernández Abella Daniel, Ramos Zully, and Montossi Fabio. "Relationship between skin structure and wool traits for Ultrafine and Dohne Merino sheep of Uruguay." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.1.0553.

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The demand in the world market for high quality fine and superfine wool is increasing, responding to greater wool textile industry demands and price incentives. There are few research studies focused on hair follicle population in fine and superfine Merino sheep in Uruguay. This study evaluates the association between wool follicle population and the most relevant economical wool traits. This work was carried out on Ultrafine Australian Merino (UAM) and Dohne Merino (DM) animals (lambs and rams). Phenotypic correlations between the secondary/primary follicles (S/P) and other wool traits (fiber

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Knight, M. I., H. D. Daetwyler, B. J. Hayes, M. J. Hayden, A. J. Ball, D. W. Pethick, and M. B. McDonagh. "Discovery and trait association of single nucleotide polymorphisms from gene regions of influence on meat tenderness and long-chain omega-3 fatty acid content in Australian lamb." Animal Production Science 52, no. 7 (2012): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11229.

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Whole genome association studies in humans have shown a strong relationship between omega-3 levels in plasma and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located close to genes whose protein products are involved in the biosynthesis of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. In sheep and other livestock species, the calpain/calpastatin system is the principal influence on natural variation in meat tenderness between animals. Using targeted next generation sequencing, we sequenced the fatty acid desaturase locus (FADS1/2/3), ELOVL2 and SLC26A10 and the calpain/calpastatin (CAPN1/2/3 and CAST) gene loci of

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Warner, R. D., R. H. Jacob, J. E. Hocking Edwards, M. McDonagh, K. Pearce, G. Geesink, G. Kearney, P. Allingham, D. L. Hopkins, and D. W. Pethick. "Quality of lamb meat from the Information Nucleus Flock." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10129.

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The effects of production and processing factors on tenderness, and colour of lamb meat produced from 7 locations as part of the Australian Sheep Industry CRC’s Information Nucleus flock were investigated, using data from 2052 lambs slaughtered in 2007. At 24 h post-slaughter, samples of m. longissimus lumborum (LL) and m. semimembranosus (SM) were collected for measurement of intramuscular fat (IMF), myoglobin, iron and copper and fresh meat colour (L*, a*, b*) and pH at 24 h measured on the LL. pH and temperature measurements made pre-rigor were used to calculate the pH at 18°C. Tenderness w

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Fogarty, N. M., E. Safari, P. J. Taylor, and W. Murray. "Genetic parameters for meat quality and carcass traits and their correlation with wool traits in Australian Merino sheep." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 7 (2003): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03047.

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Estimates of genetic parameters for carcass traits in Merino sheep are presented, including muscle pH and colour, which are indicators of meat quality. The inclusion of these in the parameter set for genetic evaluation will provide the basis for more accurate estimated breeding values and the design of better breeding programs for improving meat traits in straightbred Merino sheep and crossbred lamb production. Data from 1045, nineteen-month-old Merino rams, the progeny of 125 sires from 3 strains that are representative of the industry, were used. Heritability and genetic correlations were es

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Seccafien, J. E., J. M. Kelly, H. McGrice, D. O. Kleemann, K. L. Kind, and W. H. E. J. van Wettere. "74 Follicular fluid anti-Müllerian hormone concentration predicts juvenile ovine in vitro embryo development." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, no. 1 (2019): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv31n1ab74.

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Currently, the commercial viability of assisted reproductive embryo technologies within the Australian livestock industry is restricted by individual variability in response to treatment protocols as well as oocyte developmental competence. The majority of losses come from embryo wastage, resulting from poor developmental competence during in vitro embryo production. Follicular fluid is readily available when oocytes are collected for in vitro embryo production from juvenile or mature ewes, making it an appropriate target for analysis of phenotypic markers of oocyte developmental competence. P

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Granleese, T., S. A. Clark, A. A. Swan, and J. H. J. van der Werf. "Increased genetic gains in multi-trait sheep indices using female reproductive technologies combined with optimal contribution selection and genomic breeding values." Animal Production Science 57, no. 10 (2017): 1984. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15440.

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Female reproductive technologies such as multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) and juvenile in vitro fertilisation and embryo transfer (JIVET) can produce multiple offspring per mating in sheep and cattle. In breeding programs this allows for higher female selection intensity and, in the case of JIVET, a reduction in generation interval, resulting in higher rates of genetic gain. Low selection accuracy of young females entering JIVET has often dissuaded producers from using this technology. However, genomic selection (GS) could increase selection accuracy of candidates at a younger age

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Geenty, K. G., F. D. Brien, G. N. Hinch, R. C. Dobos, G. Refshauge, M. McCaskill, A. J. Ball, et al. "Reproductive performance in the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus using artificial insemination across different sheep-production environments in southern Australia." Animal Production Science 54, no. 6 (2014): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11323.

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The present paper covers reproductive performance in an artificial-insemination (AI) program of the Sheep CRC Information Nucleus with 24 699 lambs born at eight locations in southern Australia across five lambings between 2007 and 2011. Results from AI with frozen semen compared well with industry standards for natural mating. Conception rates averaged 72%, and 1.45 lambs were born per ewe pregnant for Merino ewes and 1.67 for crossbreds. Lamb deaths averaged 21% for Merino ewes and 15% for crossbreds and 19%, 22% and 20% for lambs from ewes that were mated to terminal, Merino and maternal si

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Guy, S. Z. Y., D. J. Brown, and R. G. Banks. "Data capture through Australian beef cattle and meat sheep value chains: opportunities for enhanced feedback to commercial producers." Animal Production Science 58, no. 8 (2018): 1497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17807.

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Technologies for capturing and transmitting data from different points in livestock value chains are developing very rapidly, and interest is growing in how best to use such technologies. While new data-capture technology comes with the promise of producers and others being more informed about a system, what usually results is large and complex datasets. A key challenge is to make use of the data or information. The present paper initially outlines the data-capture points and flow of information that occurs throughout the Australian beef cattle and meat sheep value chain. The avenues through w

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Behrendt, R., J. E. Hocking Edwards, D. Gordon, M. Hyder, M. Kelly, F. Cameron, J. Byron, M. Raeside, G. Kearney, and A. N. Thompson. "Offering maternal composite ewes higher levels of nutrition from mid-pregnancy to lambing results in predictable increases in birthweight, survival and weaning weight of their lambs." Animal Production Science 59, no. 10 (2019): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18505.

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Management of nutrition during pregnancy for maternal composite ewes has the potential to improve lamb production and survival in prime lamb production systems but existing condition score (CS) guidelines developed for Merinos may not be appropriate for the optimum production of maternal ewes. To address this, three replicated experiments were conducted at two research sites in Victoria and one in Western Australia. Ewes (781–800 per site) were allocated to four CS treatments following pregnancy scanning (~Day 50) and differentially fed to reach approximate targets of CS 2.4, 2.8, 3.2 and 3.6

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Jacobson, C. L., K. Bell, and R. B. Besier. "Nematode parasites and faecal soiling of sheep in lairage: evidence of widespread potential production losses for the sheep industry." Animal Production Science 49, no. 4 (2009): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08251.

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Diarrhoea (scouring) and subsequent faecal soiling of fleece are important economic and welfare issues for the sheep industry. Nematode worm infections are commonly implicated as a cause of scouring. This study aimed to investigate the extent of strongyle parasite infections, and identify any association with faecal worm egg count (WEC) and scouring in sheep from winter rainfall environments in Western Australia consigned to an abattoir. Faeces were collected from sheep with evidence of scouring and normal sheep (firm faecal pellets and no evidence of fresh diarrhoea on breech). A total of 443

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Wiese, S. C., D. W. Pethick, J. T. B. Milton, R. H. Davidson, B. L. McIntyre, and D. N. D'Souza. "Effect of teeth eruption on growth performance and meat quality of sheep." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 5 (2005): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03258.

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Two hundred and forty sheep of about 15 months of age were used in this experiment to investigate the impact of dentition category on objective and sensory meat quality. The lambs were categorised into 3 dentition classes (category 1, milk teeth; category 2, partial eruption of permanent teeth; and category 3, both permanent teeth fully erupted to the height of the central lateral milk teeth). The study was conducted on 3 farms with flocks representing the 3 genotypes that contribute to the prime lamb industry in Australia: Farm A (Merino × Merino), Farm B (first cross, Border Leicester sire ×

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Hopkins, D. L. "An industry applicable model for predicting lean meat yield in lamb carcasses." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07420.

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A wide selection of lamb types (n = 360) of mixed sex (ewes and wethers) were slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Soft tissue depth at the GR site (thickness of tissue over the 12th rib, 110 mm from the midline) was measured in the chiller, using a GR knife (GR). Each carcass was subsequently broken down to a range of trimmed boneless retail cuts and the lean meat yield determined. The predominant industry model for predicting meat yield in Australia uses hot carcass weight (HCW) and tissue depth at the GR site. A moderate level of accuracy and precision was found when HCW and GR were used t

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Horn, Henrik, and Petros C. Mavroidis. "US – Lamb: United States – Safeguard Measures on Imports of Fresh, Chilled or Frozen Lamb Meat from New Zealand and Australia: What Should be Required of a Safeguard Investigation?" World Trade Review 2, S1 (2003): 72–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745603001071.

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The United States (US) imposed, in July 1999, a safeguard on lamb meat, in the form of tariff rate import quotas, which were to be applied for a period of three years. The measure was based on findings by the US International Trade Commission that increased imports of lamb meat were a substantial cause of threat of serious injury to the US industry producing the like product. Following complaints by New Zealand and Australia that the measure was inconsistent with Articles I, II and XIX of GATT 1994, and several provisions of the Agreement on Safeguards, the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispu

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HORN, HENRIK, and PETROS C. MAVROIDIS. "US – Lamb United States – Safeguard Measures on Imports of Fresh, Chilled or Frozen Lamb Meat from New Zealand and Australia: what should be required of a safeguard investigation?" World Trade Review 2, no. 3 (November 2003): 395–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745604001521.

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The United States (US) imposed, in July 1999, a safeguard on lamb meat, in the form of tariff rate import quotas, which were to be applied for a period of three years. The measure was based on findings by the US International Trade Commission that increased imports of lamb meat were a substantial cause of threat of serious injury to the US industry producing the like product. Following complaints by New Zealand and Australia that the measure was inconsistent with Articles I, II and XIX of GATT 1994, and several provisions of the Agreement on Safeguards, the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispu

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Masri, A., J. M. Macfarlane, N. Lambe, W. Haresign, E. Ruis-Vilarrasa, and L. Bunger. "Comprehensive evaluation of the direct effects of LM-QTL on carcass traits in crossbred lambs." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200028805.

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LoinMax (LM-QTL) increases M. longissimus dorsi (MLD) area and weight by 11% and 8% respectively (Nicoll et al., 1998). It was found to segregate in Australian Poll Dorset sheep (Banks, 1997) and has been mapped to chromosome 18 (Nicoll et al., 1998). The UK sheep industry may benefit from using LM-QTL to increase yield of the highly priced loin region. However, before being utilised, the effects of LM-QTL need to be verified in a genetic background typical to the stratified structure of the UK sheep industry.

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Paganoni, B. L., C. M. Oldham, M. B. Ferguson, A. N. Thompson, P. E. Vercoe, and D. G. Gordon. "Ewe nutrition during pregnancy and birthweight of lambs has minimal impact on fat and eye muscle depth in Merino progeny." Animal Production Science 53, no. 6 (2013): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an12266.

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The hypothesis tested in this experiment was that Merino lambs with lower birthweights, due to poor ewe nutrition during pregnancy, would have more fat and less muscle than Merino lambs with higher birthweights. At two sites (Victoria and Western Australia) in each of 2 years, a wide range in the liveweight profiles of ewes was generated during pregnancy and lactation by varying the amount of supplements fed and feed on offer grazed. Progeny had fat and muscle depth at the C-site measured at various ages from 8 to 28 months of age. Across the four experiments, there were differences of 0.5 kg

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Wang, Jian Tao, Guo Sen Wang, Yuan Fang Gong, Xian Qiao, Xiang Li, Gui Zhu Wang, Ying Zhen Zheng, Jian Guo Lv, Xiang Long Li, and Zheng Zhu Liu. "Screening of three-way crossbred combination and genetic effect analysis of the SNP in the CLPG gene in meat sheep." Archives Animal Breeding 65, no. 4 (November 17, 2022): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-65-417-2022.

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Abstract. In order to promote the rapid development of the meat sheep industry, a three-way crossbred combination experiment was carried out with Australian White, Dorper, and Charollais sheep as terminal male parents and the elite F1 hybrids of Australian White × Small-tailed Han (Han), Dorper × Han, and Charollais × Han as female parents, which was based on the screening of a two-way crossbred combination in meat sheep. The growth performance of six groups of three-way crossbred combinations and Han lambs was measured and analyzed, and the effect of a polymorphism in the CLPG gene on the gro

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Woodruff, Madeleine Eloise, Rebecca Doyle, Grahame Coleman, Lauren Hemsworth, and Carolina Munoz. "Knowledge and attitudes are important factors in farmers’ choice of lamb tail docking length." Veterinary Record 186, no. 10 (January 20, 2020): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.105631.

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BackgroundTail docking is common practice in the sheep industry to prevent soiling of the breech and flystrike. To ensure optimal healing after tail docking and reduce the risk of arthritis, perineal cancers and prolapses, it is recommended to dock tails equivalent to the length of the vulva. However, recent studies have found that some tails are docked too short (24–86 per cent).MethodsTo address this issue, this study aimed to identify key drivers behind tail docking length decisions. Two focus groups, phone (n=30) and online surveys (n=21) were conducted in regional Victoria, Australia to e

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Pitchford, WS. "Effect of crossbreeding on components of Hogget wool production." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 6 (1992): 1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9921417.

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Australia's prime lamb industry is based on systematic three way crossbreeding. This paper examines various genetic effects on wool production, important determinants of profitability of the meat-sheep enterprise. Data from three purebred (Merino, Corriedale and Dorset Horn), six F1 and the six three-way cross lines were analysed. Direct genetic effects were important for all traits analysed. Maternal effects were generally not important. Individual heterosis was large for clean fleece weight (13%) and hogget weight (10%) and important also for fibre diameter (2%). Maternal heterosis averaged

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NURDJANNAH, NANAN. "PENGARUH KEPADATAN TERNA DAN LAMA PENYULINGAN TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN KARAKTERISTIK MINYAK Melaleuca bracteata." Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri 7, no. 4 (July 15, 2020): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v7n4.2001.124-127.

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<p><strong>The influence of material bulk density and duration of distillation on the yi eld and characteristic of Melaleuca bracteata oil</strong></p><p>Melaleuca bracteata belongs to Myrtaceae family which is grown wildly in Australia and Quensland. The oil is produced from Ihe leaves and (wigs by distillation and is used in fragrances industry. The oil content of leaves and twigs range between 0.4 to 1.0% with metil eugenol as the major component (70-80%). Because of its high metil eugenol content M. bracteata oil can be used to control fruil flies The experime

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Kleemann, DO, RW Ponzoni, JE Stafford, IN Cutten, and RJ Grimson. "Growth and carcass characters of the South Australian Merino and its crosses with the Booroola and Trangie Fertility Merino." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 4 (1985): 750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9850750.

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South Australian Merino (M) and highly fecund Booroola (B) and Trangie Fertility (TF) Merino strain rams were mated to M ewes to produce M, B x M and TF x M progeny. At 4-5 months of age (24-kg slaughter group), TF x M and M lambs were heavier than B x M lambs (25.3 and 24.8 kg respectively, v. 228 kg). Similar proportional strain differences were observed at 14-1 5 months of age (38-kg slaughter group), except that, in one year, no difference was observed between the M and B x M strains, resulting in a strain x year interaction (P<0.05). When adjusted for age, TF x M carcasses were heavier

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Bateup, B. O. "Selective Scouring of Dirt from Greasy Wool." Textile Research Journal 58, no. 11 (November 1988): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051758805801108.

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Laboratory experiments using samples of eleven Australian wools representing five different classes (merino fleece, lambs, merino pieces, crossbred pieces, and pieces and bellies) showed that the dirt could be selectively removed in a warm (35 °C) suint bowl containing nonionic surfactant and alkaline builder (modified suint scouring). Removal of grease was low, and in consequence the suint bowl liquor could be readily centrifuged to give good recovery of dirt as an easily disposable spadeable sludge. In a suint bowl without additives (control), the different wools displayed two distinct modes

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Siddell, J., B. M. McLeod, E. S. Toohey, R. van de Ven, and D. L. Hopkins. "The prediction of meat yield in lamb carcasses using primal cut weights, carcass measures and the Hennessy Grading Probe." Animal Production Science 52, no. 7 (2012): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11260.

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A wide selection of crossbred lambs (n = 268) of mixed sex (ewes and wethers) were slaughtered at a commercial abattoir. Tissue depth at the GR site (thickness of tissue over the 12th rib 110 mm from the midline) was measured in the chiller using a GR knife (GR) and fatscore (1–5) was assessed on each carcass by abattoir personnel. Each carcass was subsequently broken down to a range of trimmed cuts (subprimals) and the meat yield in kilograms determined as the sum of the weights of these cuts. The best model for the prediction of meat yield was based on the weight of the 4-rib, untrimmed fore

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Pearce, K. L., D. G. Masters, R. H. Jacob, D. L. Hopkins, and D. W. Pethick. "Effects of sodium chloride and betaine on hydration status of lambs at slaughter." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 9 (2008): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08034.

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Under commercial conditions in Australia, lambs are often dehydrated at slaughter despite access to water at the abattoir. Dehydration results in reduced fluid content of meat, which causes liveweight and carcass weight loss. Two experiments evaluated hydration status and carcass characteristics in lambs fed increased levels of sodium chloride (salt) and/or betaine before slaughter. Both experiments were 2 × 2 factorial designs with two levels of salt added [0 and 50 g/kg dry matter (DM)] and two levels of betaine added (0 and 6.7 g/kg DM) to the diets. The treatment diets were introduced to s

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Ihsan, Muhsinul, Bayu Priyambodo, and Handa Muliasari. "Pelatihan pembuatan pakan gel berbasis bahan lokal sebagai pakan alternatif budidaya lobster di Pulau Lombok." Transformasi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 16, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/transformasi.v16i1.2106.

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[Bahasa]: Komponen biaya terbesar dari usaha budidaya lobster adalah pakan. Pakan buatan diyakini merupakan salah satu solusi berkelanjutan bagi pengembangan industri budidaya yang ramah lingkungan. Dengan demikian, inovasi formulasi dan pembuatan pakan buatan harus terus dilakukan. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk memberikan keterampilan kepada pembudidaya lobster untuk memproduksi pakan buatan berbentuk gel berbasis bahan lokal di Dusun Telong-Elong Jerowaru Lombok Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah Participatory Action Research (PAR). Peserta pelatihan menginisiasi, menyiapkan, dan mempr

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Sinambela, D. P., D. Bakti, M. C. Tobing, and Y. M. Kusumah. "Molecular characterization of Spodoptera litura Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SlNPV) Labuhan Batu isolate." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 974, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/974/1/012011.

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Abstract Spodoptera litura F. is a new pest that potentially becomes a serious pest threatening palm oil industry. The control can be carried out using biological control agents S.litura Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SlNPV). Molecular approach using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used to characterize the SlNPV isolate. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular characteristics of SlNPV Labuhan Batu isolate based on DNA sequence analysis. The NPV isolate was collected from oil palm plantation Negeri Lama Estate Group, PT. Hari sawit Jaya, Asian Agri, Labuhan Batu. The SlNPV DNA extr

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