Artykuły w czasopismach: „Automated tellers”

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Saparamadu, Thilini. "Substitutability of automated teller machines for tellers: with special reference to Bank of Ceylon". Sri Lanka Journal of Economic Research 2, nr 1 (28.06.2014): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljer.v2i1.98.

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Sanda, Mohammed-Aminu. "Using ATMs as Workload Relievers for Ghanaian Bank Tellers: The Customer Behavioral Challenge". Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 3, nr 1 (15.07.2011): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v3i1.251.

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This study explored the issue of whether the use of the Automated Teller Machines (ATM) as a service delivery tool in the banking industry of many developing countries has achieved its intended objective of increasing the effectiveness of customer service provision and reducing the workload of bank tellers. The purpose is to understand customersâ€™ behaviour towards the use of ATM as a banking service delivery tool, and the influence of such customer-usage behaviour on the banksâ€™ human resource capacity building, in terms of employee workload relief and performance. This is because most banks in subSaharan African countries have introduced the ATM in bids to satisfying customersâ€™ service needs and making the work of employees easier. Data was collected using questionnaires that were administered to bank customers who use the ATM facility, as well as bank managers. The findings showed that though most bank customers who use the ATM services perceive the ATM as a convenient, reliable, accurate and suitable service delivery tool for their banking transactions; they still underutilize the ATMâ€™s service capacity by choosing to go to the banking halls to make cash withdrawals of amounts that could be obtained from the ATMs. It is also found that by virtue of this customer behaviour of not using the ATMâ€™s to their full potential, the relief that it is expected to provide bank tellers is not realized. It is concluded that because of customer behavioral challenges to the effective utilization of the ATM technology, banks in developing economies not benefiting from its full potential as a customer service delivery tool, and also as a strategic workload reliever for tellers who service customers inside the banking halls.

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Mavers, Scott, i Rose Baker. "A Look at an Automation Adoption Through a Human Performance Technology Lens: A Case Study of Bank Tellers and Automated Teller Machines". Performance Improvement 60, nr 2 (luty 2021): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pfi.21957.

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Sulistyowati, Sulistyowati, Choiril Anam i Ahmad Yasin. "CRIMINAL SANCTIONS FOR BETTERING CUSTOMER FUNDS THROUGH AUTOMATED CASH TELLERS FROM AN ISLAMIC LEGAL PERSPECTIVE". An-Nisbah: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah 10, nr 2 (17.01.2024): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21274/an.v10i2.7284.

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Abstrak: Teknologi informasi kini telah berkembang dengan pesat, termasuk pada akses Internet. Penggunaan teknologi berbasis Internet juga telah berkembang dengan baik sebagai kebutuhan dasar manusia. Perkembangan teknologi informasi tentu juga memunculkan berbagai problematika sebagai dampak teknologi modern. Salah atau permasalahan yang marak terjadi di Indonesia yaitu pembobolan Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM). Penulis ingin menggali lebih dalam pandangan Islam tentang pembobolan Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM). yang telah dilindungi oleh peraturan perundangan-undangan bagi pelaku. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis studi pustaka (library research) metode penelitian ini berupa metode induktif dengan dilengkapi data yang bersifat empiris dan dilengkapi data sesuai dengan pembahasan tindakan kejahatan perbankan (cyber crime). Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan normatif yuridis. Teknik pengelolaan data menggunakan studi pustaka, serta analisis menggunakan tinjauan hukum lslam sesuai al-Quran dan hadis disertai dengan model verifikatif sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa permasalahan pembobolan Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM). merupakan kejahatan yang terjadi atas perkembangan teknologi informasi. Penyalahgunaan teknologi informasi untuk kejahatan tentu harusnya perlu dilakukan antisipasi. Islam telah mengunjungi tinggi ilmu pengetahuan, termasuk teknologi yang ada saat ini. Namun disisi lain, Islam juga mengutamakan kemaslahatan umat. Mengatasi kasus tersebut maka dapat dilakukan beberapa dua cara yaitu proteksi untuk menciptakan keamanan, dan pemberian tanggung jawab bagi perbankan dan pemerintah dalam mengatur sistem keamanan. Kata kunci: Tindak Pidana Perbankan, Pembobolan Dana Nasabah, Anjungan Tunai Mandiri, Hukum Islam Abstract: Information technology has developed rapidly, including Internet access. Internet-based technology has also developed well as a basic human need. The development of information technology certainly also raises various problems as a result of modern technology. One of the problems in Indonesia is Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM) burglaries. The author wants to know of the Islamic view of Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM) burglary which has been protected by laws and regulations for perpetrators. This research is included in the type of library research (library research). This research method is in the form of an inductive method equipped with empirical data and equipped with data in accordance with the discussion of banking crimes (cyber crime). This study also uses a juridical normative approach. Data management techniques use literature study, and analysis uses a review of Islamic law in accordance with the Koran and hadith accompanied by a verification model in accordance with applicable regulations. The result this research explained that the problem of Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM) burglary is a crime that occurs due to the development of information technology. Misuse of information technology for crime certainly needs to be anticipated. Islam has visited a high level of science, including the technology that exists today. But on the other hand, Islam also prioritizes the benefit of the people. Overcoming this case can be done in two ways, namely protection to create security, and giving responsibility to banks and the government in managing security systems. Keywords: Banking Crime, Theft of Customer Funds, Automatic Teller Machines, Islamic Law

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Mustapha, Rabi, Falalu Ibrahim Lawal i Muhammad Aminu Ahmad. "Automated conversion of numeral to words in Hausa language". Gadau Journal of Pure and Allied Sciences 2, nr 2 (21.08.2023): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54117/gjpas.v2i2.100.

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Working with cardinal numbers is undoubtedly an integral part of our everyday life, which tells us about quantity. They are used for instance, in numeracy lessons, on receipts, slips, tellers in banks, to represent figures on documents, to tell time and are often represented inconsistently. However, the words form representations are often inconsistent with the standard Hausa. Standard Hausa as compared to other languages such as Arabic and British English, the Numeric System is characterized by a multitude of concatenations as well as dialect variations which causes misinterpretations and confusion. Also, initial findings show that no such automation published work has been done specifically in the numerical system of Standard Hausa language. In order to fill the gap, this study proposed an algorithm for converting numerals to words for the numeric system of Hausa language automatically in standard practice. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of iteration and mapping structures algorithm for converting numeral to cardinal form in standard Hausa language. The algorithm has been tested on approximately one hundred million sequences of numbers produced accurate results. The results showed that our method is successful in automating conversion of numerals to words with a high precision.

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Amar, Kifayah, Khairun Nadiyah i Syamsul Bahri. "Measuring bank service quality and recommendations for improvement: A case of Indonesia". International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 7, nr 2 (2.02.2024): 499–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v7i2.2669.

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The purpose of this study was to assess service quality and recommend improvements to the Indonesian Islamic Bank. A modified bank SERVQUAL and Service Performance Control Matrix (SPCM) were used in this study. The service quality was evaluated based on customer perceptions and their desired and minimum levels of expectations. This study used a set of questionnaires with a 35-item scale comprising seven dimensions: effectiveness and assurance, access, price, tangibles, service portfolio, reliability, and compliance. The data was collected using a survey, and 193 responses were received. The findings disclosed that the bank customer's perception of the service provided exceeded their minimum expectations but fell short of their desired expectations. By mapping the service performance into the matrix, it was determined that no services fell within the excellent zone, three services were classified in the problematic zone, and the majority of services fell within the improvement zone. The focus was placed on the problematic zone, which consisted of an insufficient number of bank tellers, a lengthy line, and inadequate parking space. However, no Islamic compliance issues were discovered within the problematic zone. Several recommendations were made to bank management to address the service problems, including encouraging customers to use digital banking services, expanding the number of drive-thru Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), and examining the appropriateness of bank staff engaging with customers, particularly during the busiest period of the month.

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Dr. R. Renuka, Dr R. Renuka, i A. Paulraj A. Paulraj. "Customers’ Satisfaction Towards Automated Teller Machine". Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, nr 5 (1.10.2011): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/may2014/99.

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Kumar, Lakshmi, D. Malathy i L. S. Ganesh. "The diffusion of ATM technology in Indian banking". Journal of Economic Studies 38, nr 4 (6.09.2011): 483–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443581111160905.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand technology diffusion in the banking sector in India by analyzing ATM (automatic teller machine) technology and its replacement of the teller (labor). ATMs are fast emerging as an important IT investment for a bank in India. Hence, in this paper the authors use the ATM as a proxy for capital and the teller as a proxy for labor.Design/methodology/approachThe debate on the “IT paradox” is the motivation for this paper. The constant elasticity of substitution (CES) model is used, as the degree of substitution can be estimated. The degree of substitutability of one form of input for another namely, ATM (capital) for teller (labor), is discussed by developing an appropriate model to understand the same.FindingsThe rapid diffusion of the ATM was clearly large from 1998, nine years after it was first adopted. This was also a time when the number of tellers was falling and the wage bill for tellers increasing. The CES production function model used in this paper is clearly a good predictor of the data compared with the other cases. The estimate shows that the degree of substitutability of the teller by the ATM is high. However, the ATM is not a perfect substitute. By running counterfactual experiments, it can be concluded that both a fall in the price of ATMs and an increase in the wage bill for tellers contributed to the diffusion of the ATM.Practical implicationsThe excess labor in public sector banks needs to be redeployed rapidly, or staff need to be trained in other functions as do private banks, so that they do not become redundant as technology diffuses.Originality/valueThe paper is original in its data, its model building and testing in the banking sector.

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S., Anitha. "Automated Teller Machine with Retinal Blood Vessel Authentication". Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, SP3 (28.02.2020): 836–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp3/20201325.

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Roestiono, Harry, Aang Munawar i Siti Rostika. "Tinjauan Penerapan Pengendalian Intern Melalui Sistem Informasi Akuntasi Terhadap Kegiatan Opersional Anjungan Tunai Mandiri". Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan 3, nr 1 (1.04.2015): 052–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v3i1.847.

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The purpose of this study was to determine how the internal control in the operations of automated teller machines and how account information systems in the operation of automated teller machines are carried out by the bank. The research conducted over the operations leading to automatic teller machines that take place at the ATM machine located in the location of research. From these results conclude that intern control and accounting information systems run by BJB bank branch in the operational activities cash is going well. This can be seen from the operation of intem components and elements of the system are implemented in accordance with standard operational procedures set by the bank BJB Bogor Branch. Starting from the transaction, ATM cash hospitalization until the completion of the cash transaction error has been running well in accordance with the provisions of the bank Keywords : Internal Control, Accounting Information Systems, Automated Teller Machines Operations

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Railton, John. "Automated teller machines". Computer Law & Security Review 1, nr 4 (listopad 1985): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0267-3649(85)90023-8.

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Postolit, A. V. "Automation of Collection of Primary Data for Development of a Passenger Origin-Destination Trip Correspondence Matrix Based on Computer Vision and Neural Network Technologies". World of Transport and Transportation 19, nr 2 (13.11.2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2021-19-2-5.

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The origin-destination trip matrix is a fundamental characteristic of a transport network, and development of a reliable correspondence matrix is the most important task in organising passenger traffic. It is the basis on which the public transport route network of a city (region) is built and optimised.Currently, collection of initial information for construction of a travel correspondence matrix is carried out through field surveys comprising questionnaire surveys of the population; accounting for movement of passengers according to the coupons issued to them; checkers, tellers manually counting passengers in vehicle compartments; simple surveys of passengers. Besides, mathematical modelling is used based on statistical data on the number of residents in various districts of the city, employees in enterprises and students in educational institutions, as well as on available data on the characteristics of passenger traffic along certain routes. All these surveys are very expensive and are carried out once over few years; they give a large error, which is why decisions made on the basis of these data are far from being optimal.There are a lot of solutions in the software and hardware market that provide automated collection of data on passenger flows. They are based on the use of infrared sensors or of video recording. However, none of these systems provide information about the points of entry and exit of each passenger. The objective of this study was to develop methods for automating the collection of reliable information about passenger trips, that will be the base for building up-to-date and reliable passenger trip correspondence matrices. This task can be solved by constant monitoring of passengers’ trips with fixing places of entry and exit of each passenger.The study describes the possibility of creating software based on computer vision and artificial intelligence which will provide automation of collection of primary information about travel of each passenger from the place of boarding into the vehicle to exit from it, that is, automation of data generation to build a passenger trip correspondence matrix.

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Mahmood, Tariq, i Ghulam Mujtaba Shaikh. "Adaptive Automated Teller Machines". Expert Systems with Applications 40, nr 4 (marzec 2013): 1152–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2012.08.022.

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Ajay, Bolla. "IoT-Enabled Automated Teller Machine (ATM) Theft Detection and Automatic Apprehension System". INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, nr 03 (23.03.2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem29616.

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In this study, we present a cutting-edge IoT- based security system tailored for Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) with a primary focus on theft prevention. The core component of the system is an Arduino Uno microcontroller that orchestrates the seamless integration of various devices. A MEMS sensor strategically placed on the ATM door detects tilting, signaling potential unauthorized access. Upon detection, a servo motor is activated, releasing harmful gases as a deterrent to intruders. Simultaneously, a loud buzzer alerts nearby individuals, and an SMS notification is dispatched to predefined contacts to notify relevant authorities. To ensure the prompt containment of the situation. To augment the system's surveillance capabilities, an IP camera is incorporated to provide real-time streaming of the ATM's surroundings. This live feed enhances monitoring and allows for remote assessment of potential security threats. The integration of an LCD display serves as an intuitive user interface, offering real-time status updates and feedback on the security system's functionality. By combining these components, our proposed IoT-based ATM security system aims to deliver a comprehensive solution that not only deters potential theft but also actively responds to security breaches, ensuring the safety and integrity of ATM operations. Keywords: ATM, Theft Detection, Servo motor, DC Motor, Harmful gasses.

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Edrisy, Ibrahim Fikma, i Sigit Saputra. "UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENCURIAN MODUS GANJAL ANJUNGAN TUNAI MANDIRI (ATM)". Jurnal Hukum Legalita 4, nr 1 (20.07.2022): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47637/legalita.v4i1.549.

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One of the Bank's services is the launch of an ATM card (Automated Teller Machine). Literally ATM can be interpreted as an automatic cash register or often called an Automated Teller Machine which means an automatic cash register without a person, placed inside or outside the bank's yard that can issue cash and handle routine banking transactions, such as depositing, withdrawing money, transfer between accounts, settlement or payment of credit card bills. However, at this time many ATM facilities provided by the Bank have been misused by criminals to commit crimes, one of which is the wedge trick mode, this wedge trick is an ATM card entered by a customer who is inserted into this ATM can enter but will be difficult to get out. as if the ATM card was swallowed by the machine even though it was only stuck, this crime with the jamming mode can be classified as a criminal act of theft by violating the provisions of Article 363 of the Criminal Code. The problem approach in this study uses a normative approach, which is done by approaching the problem from a legal perspective, discussing and then reviewing books, statutory provisions and those related to the problems to be discussed. The results of the study concluded that efforts to overcome the crime of theft of the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) block mode by the West Lampung Police are through penal efforts (criminal law) and non-penal efforts (not / outside of criminal law), in addition to efforts made by the Police West Lampung in this response is carried out by increasing the activity of raids, patrols and guarding, but only when a crime occurs, does not involve the surrounding community and parties from the Bank and there is no cooperation with other parties and the West Lampung Police officers are inconsistent in carrying out operations/patrols. to prevent the most likely crime of theft by breaking into Automated Teller Machines (ATM). The inhibiting factors are internal factors and external factors, where internal factors include law enforcement itself. The imbalance of the rules used makes these crimes still increase from year to year. External factors include the lack of care and awareness from the public who do not report to the police. In addition to other inhibiting factors, namely the law that regulates it, law enforcement officers and legal culture factors.

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Rufa’I, S. M. "Bacterial load of the surface of some selected Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria". Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 12, nr 1 (15.04.2020): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v12i1.13s.

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An Automated Teller Machine (ATM), also known as Automated Banking Machine (ABM) or cash machine and several other names, is a computerized telecommunication device that provides access to financial transactions in a public space without the need for a cashier or other intermediaries. The Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) has been widely used due to its convenience but also serves as a source of bacterial contamination. The aim of this work was to determine the bacterial load of surfaces of selected ATMs in Kano metropolis. Swab samples were collected from four (4) selected areas and ten (10) different study sites. The samples were collected using swabbing technique and standard plate count was employed for the enumeration of bacterial counts. The mean bacterial counts ranged between the lowest count of 1.20 x 102cfu/cm2 and the highest count of 1.78 x 102cfu/cm2 and the mean count of individual machine ranged from 1.70 x 101 cfu/cm2 upto 6.00 x 101cfu/cm2. All the ATMs were found to be contaminated. It could thus be concluded that the ATMs studied present a very great risk factor for cross contamination. The general public should therefore be enlightened on the possible health hazards associated with such items like ATMs and thus advised for strict personal hygiene and regular washing of hands before and after contact with ATMs so as to reduce the possible transfer of bacterial diseases and/or infections. Keywords: Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), Bacteria, Contamination, Kano metropolis.

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Efiong, Joel, Eme Joel Efiong i Augustine Okorie Ogba. "The Distribution of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria". Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management 3, nr 7 (lipiec 2016): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/sjebm.2016.3.7.1.

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Fariki, La, Muhammad Natsir, Hasddin Hasddin i Wiwin Sultraeni. "Assessing the Impact of ICT Infrastructure on Card-Based Non-Cash Transaction Volumes in Indonesia". Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences 12, nr 2 (29.06.2024): 545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22194/jgias/24.1257.

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This research aims to analyze the influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure on the volume of card-based non-cash financial transactions in Indonesia from 2019 to 2021. This is a quantitative study. Data analysis in this research employs multiple regression with a fixed-effect model. The study utilizes panel data of longitudinal type, consisting of data on Base Transceiver Stations (BTS), Villages/Subdistricts Served by Internet, Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs), ATM/debit cards and credit cards, and non-cash financial transaction volume based on cards across 33 provinces in Indonesia as cross-sectional data, spanning a period of three (3) years from 2019 to 2021 as time-series data. Secondary data for this research were obtained from the Bank of Indonesia, the Central Bureau of Statistics, and the Financial Services Authority. Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Villages/Kelurahan Served by Internet, Automated Teller Machines (ATM), ATM/Debit Cards, and Credit Cards simultaneously have a significant influence on the volume of card-based non-cash finance. Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), ATM/debit cards, and credit cards have a significant influence on the volume of card-based non-cash financial transactions. The research findings are that although ATM and card services significantly increase transaction volume, BTS and internet services in villages/districts do not show a significant impact.

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Ohazulike, Leo. "EFFECTS OF MARKETING ON INTRODUCTION OF AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINES (ATMS) ON CUSTOMERS OF BANKING INDUSTRY". International Journal of Comparative Studies in International Relations and Development 8, nr 1 (12.01.2022): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijcsird.v8.i1.06.

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This study examined effects of marketing on introduction of automated teller machine (ATM) on customers of banking industry. This study identified lack of network (service) as a problem. The specific objective was to highlight on identification of marketing needs on introduction of automated teller machine on customers of banking industry, among others. Research question was to what extent should identification of marketing needs on introduction of automated teller machine (ATM) on customers banking industry be? among others. Research hypothesis was there is no significant relationship between identification of marketing needs and customers of banking industry, among others. Review of related literature comprised of conceptual review, theoretical framework and empirical review. This study adopted survey research design. Area of the study was Nkwelle-Ezunaka where First bank is situated. Population of the study was customers queuing for automated teller machine (ATM) to render services. Sampling plan comprised of sample designs, sample unit, sample size, sample method and sample procedure. The sample size was one hundred and sixty two (162). This study observed data presentation and analysis. Findings, conclusion and recommendations were discussed.

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A.O., Ayokunle, Martin E., Ernest E.O., Izang A., Ajayi W. i Adekola O. "Automated Teller Machine-Based Voting System". British Journal of Computer, Networking and Information Technology 4, nr 2 (22.09.2021): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/bjcnit-bpp3ly55.

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Voting is a critical element of any election which involves the processes of electing leaders or representatives into positions of authority in a democratic system of government. In most developing countries of the world, this process is usually marred with challenges of confidentiality, integrity, availability and auditability such as falsification of results, identity theft, theft of ballot boxes, multiple voting problems, over voting, and electoral fraud. This paper presents a framework for Automated Teller Machine-based voting system that solves the aforementioned challenges of the current voting system by using the existing Automated Teller Machines and debit cards issued for voting. Going further to implement the solution proposed in this paper will enhance and guarantee the credibility of the electoral processes and show a true reflection of the wishes of the people.

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M. Aljuaid, Shumukh, i Arshiya S. Ansari. "Automated Teller Machine Authentication Using Biometric". Computer Systems Science and Engineering 41, nr 3 (2022): 1009–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/csse.2022.020785.

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Muriki, Vigneshwar. "Multifactor Authentication in Automated Teller Machine". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr 12 (31.12.2021): 1780–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39570.

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Abstract: Skimming of card details is the primary problem faced by many people in today’s world. This can be done in many ways. For instance, a thief can insert a small device into the machine and steal the information. When a person swipes or inserts a card, the details will be captured and stored. This problem can be solved using biometrics. Biometrics include fingerprint, iris, face, retina scanning, etc. This paper focused on solving this issue using fingerprint and iris recognition using OpenCV and propose a suitable method for this issue. Fingerprint and iris recognition are performed by identifying the keypoints and descriptors and matching those with the test data. Keywords: Biometrics, Fingerprint recognition, Iris recognition, Scale Invariant Feature Transform, Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF, OpenCV

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Ashby, Matthew P. J., i Adam Thorpe. "Self-guardianship at automated teller machines". Crime Prevention and Community Safety 19, nr 1 (23.01.2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41300-016-0010-3.

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Adaramola, Anthony O., i Funso T. Kolapo. "Assessment of Bank Technology Machine and Mobile Banking as Market Strategies to Raising Performance of Banks in Nigeria". Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 11, nr 3(J) (18.07.2019): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v11i3(j).2873.

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The market challenge in form of increasing competition for success in the banking sector calls for market strategies that are customer- based towards raising the performance of Nigerian banks. The use by banks, of Automated Teller Machines and Mobile banking are at the centre stage of this market strategy. Existing knowledge on this aspect of marketing is inadequate. This study assessed the empirical effects of Automated Teller Machine and Mobile banking as marketing tools on return on equity of banks in Nigeria. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. The data were fitted to Panel regression models of Fixed and Random effects. Findings support increasing distribution of Teller machines and raising awareness on Mobile banking as result-oriented marketing strategy for banks.

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Rofiqi, Mohamad, i Anis Mashdurohatun. "Crime Investigation on Theft by eighting with The Modus Of Prying Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in Jurisdiction Area of Central Java". Jurnal Daulat Hukum 1, nr 3 (6.09.2018): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v1i3.3357.

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This study aims to: 1) Review and analyze the implementation of the criminal investigations against theft by weighting with the modus of prying Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in the jurisdiction area of Central Java. 2) Assess and analyze the factors that hinder the investigation related to solve investigator in the criminal investigations against theft by weighting with the modus of prying Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in the jurisdiction area of Central Java. 3) Assess and analyze the efforts of investigators linked the criminal investigations against theft by weighting with the modus of prying Automated Teller Machine (ATM) in the jurisdiction area of Central Java? Results: 1). The process of investigations conducted by the Central Java Police in solving criminal cases of theft through Automated Teller Machine (ATM) with prying mode in accordance with the rules contained in the Criminal Procedure Code and the Law on Police No. 2 of 2002. 2). Based on the description of the Central Java Police investigators, the obstacles faced by the team of investigators of Central Java Police, among others: a. Evidence is hidden and difficult for investigators to look suspect. b. The suspect managed to flee with his colleagues by car, so investigators have to chase. c. In providing information with convoluted.3) Relatedwith efforts to overcome obstacles investigator in a criminal law enforcement ATM theft with prying mode is as follows: a. In search of evidence of the crime of investigators need to conduct more intensive searches of suspects. b. Coordinating with other entities by way of exchange of information / Data notify each DPO (List of People Searching) and when in the area to find people who sought immediately apprise and made arrests. c. Providing information (by extension agents) to the public to participate actively in supporting the work of police in the investigation of the theft through ATM.Keywords: Investigation; Crime of Theft By Weighting; Prying Automated Teller Machine (ATM).

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Umaru, Aminu, i Inusa Eshiozemh. "Financial Inclusion and Agricultural Output Nexus in Nigeria: An asymmetric Approach". Applied Journal of Economics, Management and Social Sciences 3, nr 4 (21.08.2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53790/ajmss.v3i4.61.

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The desire to improve financial inclusion and achieve higher productivity in the world is becoming increasingly high in recent times. This study examines the asymmetric effect of financial inclusion proxy by the volume of automated teller machines, point of sale, mobile banking pay, and cheques on agricultural output in Nigeria. Quarterly data between 2010Q1 and 2021Q4 was sourced from the Nigerian Inter-Bank Settlement System Plc (NIBSS) and the CBN statistical bulletin 2021. The non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (NARDL) model and Stepwise Least Squares (STEPLS) were employed in the estimation. The study reveals that financial inclusion positively and significantly affect agricultural output in Nigeria, especially when proxy by the automated teller machine and point of sale. Therefore, we recommend that to achieve improved agricultural output, government and monetary authority should increase the spread of Automated Teller machines and Point of Sales, especially in the villages where agriculture is their major occupation. Also, we recommend the need to improve internet access in the rural areas of the country. This could boost agricultural output and create employment for the citizenry.

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Usendok, Isidore Godwin, Anietie Akpan, Felicia Olufunmilayo Ajibade i Nsikan Michael Nkutt. "Queuing System and Performance of Automated Teller Machine of Access Bank Plc, Uyo". International Journal of Business and Management Review 11, nr 7 (15.07.2023): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijbmr.2013/vol11n73356.

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The focus of this study had been on Queuing System and Performance of Automated Teller Machine of Access Bank Plc, Uyo. The work was necessitated based on the cashless policy and the increasing waiting lines experienced by the various stakeholders in the Automated Teller Machine. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of customer arrival, service discipline and service mechanism has on the performance of Automated Teller Machine of Access bank in Uyo. Relevant literatures were reviewed and the methodology adopted was survey research design, a population of 1,326 which emanated from the service rate of a five- day study was used for the study, the data was analyzed using tables. The data were obtained through observation method. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze collated data. These include: frequency, percentage, mean, rank, Pearson product Moment Correlation and Linear multiple regression. The finding of the study revealed that customer arrival have a significant positive impact on the financial performance of Access Bank in Uyo. The study further reveal that service discipline indeed enhances the market performance of Access in Uyo. The study also indicate that service mechanism have a significant positive impact on the shareholder return of Access Bank, Uyo. The study concluded that customer arrival, service discipline and service mechanism are the three major components of Queue System that have positive significant impacts on the performance of Automated Teller Machine ATM of Access Bank in Uyo. Based on the findings, it was recommended that ATM queuing system offer valuable insights for the banking sector, suggesting strategies for improving financial performance, market performance, and shareholder returns.

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Ram, Mangey, i Nupur Goyal. "Automated Teller Machine Network Inspection under Stochastic Modelling". Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 9, nr 5 (październik 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/jestr.095.01.

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Mehmet, Sait Tekerekoğlu, Yakupogullari Yusuf, Otlu Baris, Duman Yucel i Gucluer Nilay. "Bacteria found on banks automated teller machines (ATMs)". African Journal of Microbiology Research 7, nr 16 (16.04.2013): 1619–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajmr12.390.

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Trautman, William B. "A Framework for Regulating Automated Teller Machine Technology". Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 12, nr 2 (1993): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325239.

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Petrlic, Ronald, i Christoph Sorge. "Establishing user trust in automated teller machine integrity". IET Information Security 8, nr 2 (1.03.2014): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ifs.2012.0220.

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Zhang, Yu, i Vidyadhar Kulkarni. "Automated Teller Machine Replenishment Policies with Submodular Costs". Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 20, nr 3 (lipiec 2018): 517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0656.

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Konheim, Alan G. "Automated teller machines: their history and authentication protocols". Journal of Cryptographic Engineering 6, nr 1 (23.06.2015): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13389-015-0104-3.

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Kiranbhai R Dodiya, Et al. "Unmasking the Threat: Exploring Effective Techniques for Investigating ATM Malware Through Digital Forensic Analyses". International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 12, nr 1 (1.01.2024): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v12i1.9778.

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Hackers have developed new techniques to directly breach a system or device, responding to the surge in numerous cybercrimes. Criminals frequently attack automated teller machines (ATMs) because of the vulnerabilities they present. ATM security must monitor and investigate these attacks because ATMs may contain and manage enormous sums of cash, making them good targets for hackers. Because of this, ATM security needs to monitor and investigate these assaults. Because automated teller machines may hold and handle significant quantities of money, the security at ATMs needs to monitor and analyze assaults of this kind. In the present study, using Studio to analyze ATM malware is essential to identifying malware signatures and behaviours that can improve ATM security. Banks and ATM manufacturers must implement specific measures to prevent ATM malware attacks. Based on present research on ATM malware analysis, researchers have uncovered critical insights that are highly beneficial for those seeking to investigate Malware aimed at breaching automated teller machines (ATMs). It is an invaluable tool for conducting such investigations. This paper will serve as a means of sharing insightful findings and aiding others in deepening their understanding of this crucial topic.

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Roy, Subhrajit. "A Research Paper on Biometric based ATM System". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 4 (30.04.2022): 1700–1703. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41583.

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Abstract: Biometrics-based authentication is a potential alternative to password-based authentication. Of all biometric methods, face-based identification is one of the most convenient one. In ATM systems, facial images are captured using a high resolution camera. Bank security measures can play an important role in preventing customer attacks. These measures are of paramount importance in addressing the weaknesses of civil lawsuits. Banks must meet the criteria to provide their customers with a secure banking environment. This paper focuses on the increased vulnerability and criminal activity of automated teller machines (ATMs), not the bank themselves. Both customers and bankers. Keywords: Automated Teller Machine (ATM), Camera, Verification, Crime, E-Banking.

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R, Dayana. "Face Biometric Authentication System for ATM using Deep Learning". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 6 (30.06.2022): 2562–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44413.

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Abstract: Automated Teller Machines also known as ATM's are widely used nowadays by each and everyone. There is an urgent need for improving security in banking region. Due to tremendous increase in the number of criminals and their activities, the ATM has become insecure. ATM systems today use no more than an access card and PIN for identity verification. The recent progress in biometric identification techniques, including finger printing, retina scanning, and facial recognition has made a great effort to rescue the unsafe situation at the ATM. This project proposes an automatic teller machine security model that would combine a physical access card and electronic facial recognition using Deep Convolutional Neural Network. If this technology becomes widely used, faces would be protected as well as their accounts. Face Verification Link will be generated and sent to user to verify the identity of unauthorized user through some dedicated artificial intelligent agents, for remote certification. However, it obvious that man’s biometric features cannot be replicated, this proposal will go a long way to solve the problem of Account safety making it possible for the actual account owner alone have access to his accounts.

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Enamhe, Dornklaimz, Chidiebere U. Enukoha, Pius U. Angioha i Manderson Kusi. "Motivation Behind E-Trust of Electronic banking Channels by Banks". ARRUS Journal of Engineering and Technology 1, nr 2 (12.02.2022): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/jetech679.

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This quantitative study attempts to validate the adoption of electronic banking channels by commercial banks for operational performance. The study was a survey that adopted a structured self-designed questionnaire to elicit data from management staff selected from commercial banks in Cross River states using proportional and simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment correlation was used to analyse the collected data. Electronic banking channels were measured by automated teller machines and internet banking to analyse the data, and this was measured continuously. Analyse results validates the adoption of electronic banking channels (Automated teller machines and Internet banking). The study suggests factors that improve digital banking for bank profitability and operational performance based on these findings

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Gujar, Prof Anil D., Nikita B. Sawant, Tejas L. Hake, Aadesh A. Shete i Shreekar M. Deshmukh. "Face Recognition Open CV Based ATM Security System". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 1114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42230.

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Abstract: The real-time face detection and recognition has been made possible by using the method of Viola jones, Analysis work. The software first taking images of all persons and stores the information into database. Proposed work deals with automated system to detect person. The methodology comprised of three phases, first face Detection from image, second get all detail of face for the purpose of feature extraction. The most useful and unique features of the camera image are extracted in the feature extraction phase. Find out all facial details are visible. This feature vector forms an efficient representation of the face. In third phase and grab our feature extraction has been created to find the person how osculated face. Keywords: Haar cascade, Automatic Teller Machine, Annaconda (Jupyter IDE), Machine learning, CNN, Feature extraction

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Eng, Khai Ying, Chee-Hong Law i Yiing Jia Loke. "The Impact of Financial Access on Female Labour Force Participation: Evidence from Panel Estimation". Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 6, nr 3 (8.03.2021): 259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i3.680.

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This paper examines the relationship between financial access and economic empowerment among females, i.e., female labour force participation by testing a panel data of 51 countries ranging from 2004 to 2016. The number of bank branches and automated teller machines, both in thousand square feet and a hundred thousand adults, are applied as financial access indicators. The estimation method employed is the dynamic panel system generalized method of moment estimators. The control variables in the equation are the life expectancy, gross domestic product per capita, and female education enrolment. The results showed that bank branches have more noticeable impacts than automated teller machines in affecting the female labour force participation rate, implying that bank branches' services have a more substantial influence on women empowerment than automated teller machines. Furthermore, financial access indicators show a negative association with female labour force participation, probably due to female discrimination in financial access or the income effect caused by better financial access. Another possible reason is that the development policies could have bypassed women, as indicated by previous studies. To overcome this situation, governments could improve their financial service to ensure that financial access benefits women empowerment, including exploring the microfinance and special loans for female borrowers.

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Medyawati, Henny, Muhamad Yunanto i Ega Hegarini. "Financial Technology as Determinants of Bank Profitability". Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies 3, nr 2 (14.10.2021): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jefas.2021.3.2.10.

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This study analyzes the influence of financial technology on the financial performance of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2014-2020 period. Financial technology was measured by the number of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) transactions and internet and mobile banking, while bank profitability was measured by Return On Assets (ROA). Furthermore, this study used the panel data regression analysis, with the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) transactions as well as internet and mobile banking as the independent variables, and ROA as the dependent variable. Purposive sampling was used to select six banks as samples. The results showed the fixed effect as the most suitable model, where ROA is affected by the internet and mobile banking, while the TM technology has no effect.

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Rochmah, Siti, i Fidyah Yuli Ernawati. "Pengaruh Layanan Automatic Teller Machine (ATM), Internet Banking, Dan Mobile Banking Terhadap Tingkat Kepuasan Nasabah". Jurnal Ilmiah Infokam 18, nr 1 (28.06.2022): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53845/infokam.v18i1.315.

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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh signifikan Automatic Teller Machine (ATM), Internet Banking dan Mobile Banking terhadap tingkat kepuasan nasabah Bank Muamalat Kantor Cabang Pembantu Pati baik secara parsial.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode accidental sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil pengisian kuesioner sebanyak 97 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi linier berganda.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial (1) Variabel Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan nasabah Bank Muamalat Kantor Cabang Pembantu Pati. (2) Variabel Internet Banking berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan nasabah Bank Muamalat Kantor Cabang Kediri. (3) Variabel Mobile Banking berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan nasabah Bank Muamalat Kantor Cabang Pembantu Pati.Berdasarkan hasil uji T Parsial, diketahui bahwa nilai Sig. untuk variabel Automatic Teller Machine yaitu 0,011. Kemudian nilai Sig. untuk variabel Internet Banking yaitu 0,000. Sedangkan nilai Sig. untuk Mobile Banking yaitu 0,001. Nilai dari masing-masing variabel lebih kecil dari 0,05 sehingga Automatic Teller Machine (ATM), Internet Banking dan Mobile Banking berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan nasabah. Berdarkankan hasil uji F terlihat bahwa nilai signifikansi regresi data penelitian penulis yaitu sebesar 0,000. Nilai ini kurang dari 0,05. Nilai F pada regresi bersifat positif yang artinya Automatic Teller Machine, Internet Banking, dan Mobile Banking berpengaruh positif terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah. Berdasarkan hasil uji koefisien determinasi, diketahui koefisien determinasi atau R Square adalah sebesar 0,899. Nilai R Square 0,899 ini berasal dari pengkuadratan nilai koefisien korelasi atau R, yaitu 0,948 x 0,948 = 0,899. Besarnya angka koefisien determinasi (R Square) adalah 0,899 atau sama dengan 90%. Angka tersebut mengandung arti bahwa variabel Automatic Teller Machine (X1), Internet Banking (X2), dan Mobile Banking (X3) secara simultan atau bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap variabel Kepuasan Nasabah (Y) sebesar 90%. Sedangkan sisanya yaitu 100% - 90% = 10% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain di luar persamaan regresi ini atau variabel yang tidak diteliti.

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Oladimeji, Ismaila W., Omidiora E. Olusayo, Ismaila Folasade M. i Falohun Adeleye S.. "Multi-Level Access Control System in Automated Teller Machines". International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing 10, nr 4 (30.04.2021): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/ijcsmc.2021.v10i04.020.

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E-commerce theft involves using lost/stolen debit/credit cards, forging checks, misleading accounting practices, etc. Due to carelessness of cardholders and criminality activities of fraudsters, the personal identification number (PIN) and using account level based fraud detection techniques methods are inadequate to cub the activities of fraudsters. In recent times, researchers have made efforts of improving cyber-security by employing biometrics traits based security system for authentication. This paper proposed a multi-level fraud detection system in automated teller machine (ATM) operations. The system included PIN level, account-level and biometric level. Acquired RealScan-F scanner was used to capture liveness fingers. Transactional data were generated for each individual fingerprint with unique PIN. The results of the simulation showed that (i) the classification at account level only yielded averages 84.3% precision, 94.5% accuracy and 5.25% false alarm rate; (ii) matching at biometric level using liveness fingerprints samples yielded 0% APCER , 0% NPCER and 100% accuracy better than using fingerprints samples that produced 4.25% APCER , 2.33% NPCER and 93.42% accuracy; (iii) combining the three levels with the condition that all the levels must be positive produced 87.5% precision,84.9% accuracy and 2.65% false alarm rate; (iv) while the classification using voting technique yielded 99.15% precision, 97.35% accuracy and 0.47% false alarm.

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Brindha Devi, V., S. Sindhuja, S. Shanthini i M. Hemalatha. "A virtual keyboard security system for automated teller machine". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 3.3 (8.06.2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.33.13855.

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The Automated Teller Machines (ATM) are used for cash withdrawals. Meanwhile as ATM lacks security, thefts occurring in the ATMs are also high. Our proposed system minimizes those break-ins occurring in the ATM’s by instigating a low cost standalone embedded sys-tem using Arduino Microcontroller. This system is proposed for ATM security, comprising of the components namely RGB tag, Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), Global Positioning System (GPS), Virtual Keyboard and camera. Authentication by virtual keyboard thus helps the public to protect their credentials from being captured by malicious bots, key loggers and spyware. Whenever theft occurs, Buzzer makes an alarm, DC Motor turns ON and the door of ATM is closed. The nearby police station and corresponding bank authorities is alerted by the GSM Modem that sends messages along with the location. This will prevent the robberies and the person in-volving in the robbery can be easily caught. In short, it discusses the methods that are used to detect the venture, initiate preemptive measures and forewarn the officials through GSM network. This system thus heightens the safety of ATM users as well as the ATM’s against forthcoming attacks effectively.

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O. S., ADEWALE, MEBAWONDU J. O., MEBAWONDU O. J. i SULEIMAN M. N. "A SIMULATION MODEL FOR CARDLESS AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE TRANSACTIONS". i-manager's Journal on Digital Signal Processing 6, nr 2 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jdp.6.2.15588.

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de Lemos, RogÉrio, Jon Timmis, Modupe Ayara i Simon Forrest. "Immune-Inspired Adaptable Error Detection for Automated Teller Machines". IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews) 37, nr 5 (wrzesień 2007): 873–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsmcc.2007.900662.

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Narteh, Bedman. "Service quality in automated teller machines: an empirical investigation". Managing Service Quality: An International Journal 23, nr 1 (18.01.2013): 62–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604521311287669.

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Emmanuel., Chaku Shammah, Sandra Cordelia Suleiman. i Awhigbo Ezekiel Bulus. "Modeling Queuing Operational Characteristics at Automated Teller Machine Points". International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science IX, nr VI (2024): 446–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2024.906040.

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The study was designed to obtain the queuing behavior of the queuing system at a bank. The data on queuing behavior was gathered for a period of seven (7) weeks; which comprises of four (4) hours daily from 14th August to 30th September, 2023. Four (4) ATM machines were observed as the service discipline for the period of seven (7) weeks in the bank. Plots reveals a consistent pattern throughout the month, with Sundays and Mondays experiencing double the average customer volume compared to weekdays and Saturdays. Moving on to the operating characteristics of the system, it was observed that the average customer arrival rate is approximately 12 customers per hour, with an average service rate of 30 customers per hour. The traffic intensity (ρ) is calculated as 0.1202, indicating that, on average, 12.02% of customers keep the ATM busy per hour. The system utilization rate is 87.98%, implying that nearly 88% of customers are in the queue per hour. Additionally, the average time a customer spends in the system, considering additional transaction time, is 8.32 minutes. The probability of the system being empty is calculated as 0.389, indicating that the system is idle for 38.2% of the time and busy with customers for 61.1% of the time. Further analysis explores customer behavior, considering the probability that an arriving customer enters the system or reneges based on encountering a certain number of customers. On less busy days, an arriving customer enters the queue at 43.74% of the time, while on busy days, they enter the system at 99.97% of the time. The probability of an arriving customer reneging on less busy days is 56.26%, and on busy days, it is only 0.028%. Regarding unfairness characteristics, the system is shown to be highly discriminative.

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Hariyanto, Agus, i '. Pujiyono. "PROBLEMATIKA HUKUM PENGGUNAAN KARTU ANJUNGAN TUNAI MANDIRI (ATM) BERLOGO GERBANG PEMBAYARAN NASIONAL (GPN)". Jurnal Privat Law 8, nr 1 (2.02.2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/privat.v8i1.40357.

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Abstract This article aims to examine the Legal Problems of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) Card Usage with National Payment Gateway (GPN) Logo. The research method used is normative legal research with the nature of prescriptive research. The research approach is the statute approach and conceptual approach. The type of research data used is secondary data. The research data collection technique used is library research with deduction data analysis techniques.The results showed that the National Payment Gateway (GPN) which is a new product in Indonesian banking has several legal problems, that is creating potential fraud in the Automated Teller Machines (ATM) card with National Payment Gateway (GPN) logo and weak legal protection for customers in terms and conditions for making Automated Teller Machines (ATM) card with National Payment Gateway (GPN) logo. besides that the security system used in this interconnection card is unclear, and the potential for trade war. Keyword: Legal Problems; Automated Teller Machines (ATM) card; National Payment Gateway (GPN)Abstrak Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang problematika hukum penggunaan Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM) berlogo Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (GPN). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan sifat penelitian preskriptif. Pendekatan penelitian adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Jenis data penelitian yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan sumber data penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi kepustakaan dengan teknik analisis data deduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (GPN) yang merupakan produk baru di perbankan Indonesia mempunyai beberapa problematika hukum, yaitu menciptakan potensi fraud dalam transaksi kartu Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM) berlogo Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (GPN) dan lemahnya perlindungan hukum terhadap nasabah dalam syarat dan ketentuan pembuatan kartu kartu Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM) berlogo Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (GPN), selain itu sistem keamanan yang digunakan dalam kartu interkoneksi ini belum jelas, dan yang adanya potensi perang dagang. Kata Kunci: Problematika Hukum; Kartu Anjungan Tunai Mandiri (ATM); Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (GPN)

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Omotunde, Ayokunle A., Martin Ejenobor, Ernest E. Onuiri, Ajayi Wumi, Izang Aaron i Adekola Olubukola. "ATM-Based Voting System". Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 10, nr 1 (15.05.2021): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2021.10.1.2864.

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Voting is a critical element of any election which involves the processes of electing leaders or representatives into positions of authority in a democratic system of government. In most developing countries of the world, this process is usually marred with challenges of confidentiality, Integrity, availability and auditability such as falsification of results, identity theft, stolen of ballot boxes, multiple voting problems, over voting, and electoral fraud. This paper presents a framework for Automated Teller Machine-based voting system that solves the aforementioned challenges of the current voting system by using the existing Automated Teller Machines and debit cards issued for voting. Going further to implement the solution proposed in this paper will enhance and guarantee the credibility of the electoral processes and show a true reflection of the wishes of the people.

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Hatta, Kazutoshi, i Yuji Liyama. "Ergonomic study of automatic teller machine operability". International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 3, nr 3 (lipiec 1991): 295–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10447319109526014.

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