Artykuły w czasopismach: „Bande WiFi”

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Picheta, L., i V. Hoël. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation d’un transposeur abaisseur de fréquence en bande X". J3eA 23 (2024): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/j3ea/20241015.

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Ces travaux de projet technique ont été menés à l’Université de Lille, sur les plateformes de CAO et de caractérisation du PLFM (Pôle Lillois pour la Formation en Microélectronique et en nanotechnologies), par des étudiants en 2ème année du master Réseaux & Télécommunications parcours Systèmes électroniques communicants (https://master-electronique.univ-lille.fr/master-reseaux-et-telecommunication). Ce parcours de formation ouvert à l’alternance forme les étudiants aux fonctions d’ingénieur expert dans la conception et la caractérisation électronique haute fréquence (Radio et hyperfréquences) utilisée dans tous les systèmes actuels de communication : objets connectés IoT, bluetooth, WIFI, téléphonie cellulaire (4G,5G), identification sans contact (étiquette RF, RFID, NFC). Les compétences fournies permettent à nos diplômés de répondre aux développements de ces applications et de s’adapter aux futures technologies dans un domaine en constante mutation et un marché en pleine expansion.

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Cho, In-Kyoung, Tae-Youn Kim, Jae-Woong Jang, Kyung-Duk Jang i Guee-Won Moon. "Analysis on Compatibility between wireless headset and WiFi in ISM bands". Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 19, nr 2 (28.02.2015): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6109/jkiice.2015.19.2.272.

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Paul, Liton Chandra, Sarker Saleh Ahmed Ankan, Tithi Rani, Md Tanvir Rahman Jim, Muharrem Karaaslan, Sk A. Shezan i Lulu Wang. "Design and Characterization of a Compact Four-Element Microstrip Array Antenna for WiFi-5/6 Routers". International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 2023 (17.08.2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6640730.

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The WiFi-5 band was the most popular WiFi band until the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced a new spectrum of 6 GHz WiFi (5.925–7.125 GHz) for unlicensed users. Our proposed work is about to cover both the 5 GHz and 6 GHz WiFi bands. These two bands have a great impact in the wireless communication field. A low-loss Rogers RT 5880 material is used as the substrate layer, which helps us to make the antenna compact ( 23 × 40 × 0.79 mm3) keeping a good performance profile over the latest high-speed WiFi-5/6 band. The proposed antenna covers a huge bandwidth (simulated BW: 2.85 GHz ranging from 4.50 to 7.35 GHz and measured BW: 2.83 GHz ranging from 4.50 to 7.33 GHz), which can be used for the latest WiFi-5 and WiFi-6 routers. The antenna also has omnidirectional properties. Besides that, the gain and directivity of the antenna are quite good, and the measured results buttress the simulated results. The presented different detail parametric studies indicate the antenna’s optimization level, which is excellent. The minimum values of reflection coefficient and voltage standing wave ratio make it a compatible candidate for the implementation of high-speed WiFi-5/6 routers.

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Tang, Chunju, i Yanping Liu. "Machine Learning Approaches for Sharing Unlicensed Millimeter-Wave Bands in Heterogeneously Integrated Sensing and Communication Networks". Electronics 12, nr 20 (10.10.2023): 4193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12204193.

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Due to the increasing demand of high data rate, spectrum scarcity is a key problem for providing unprecedented capacity in diversified applications for future wireless networks. Therefore, the efficiently shared use of unlicensed bands is one of the promising solutions for addressing the spectrum scarcity issue. We study decentralized machine learning approaches using the paradigm of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) for the shared use of unlicensed millimeter-wave bands. We first present a 5G–WiFi fusion protocol stack for sharing unlicensed millimeter-wave bands, and then design an ISAC-based access protocol and an ISAC based coexistence protocol integrated with decentralized learning function to achieve the efficiently shared use of unlicensed bands. Using the coexistence protocol, we propose promising decentralized machine learning approaches to share unlicensed millimeter-wave bands. Finally, simulations are provided to verify the performance of the proposed scheme, where the results have shown that the proposed scheme greatly reduces the search space of the solution and effectively protects the communication performance of the WiFi system compared to traditional schemes, which indicates that simultaneous transmissions of 5G-U and WiFi at the 60 GHz band are feasible under the proposed scheme.

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Milosevic, Nenad, Bojan Dimitrijevic, Dejan Drajic, Zorica Nikolic i Milorad Tosic. "LTE and WiFi co-existence in 5 GHz unlicensed band". Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 30, nr 3 (2017): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1703363m.

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Since the future mobile networks will require significantly higher data throughput, and the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) licensed bands are already occupied, the frequency band extension and the data rate increase may be achieved by using some of the available unlicensed bands. The most appropriate unlicensed band for this purpose lies in 5 GHz frequency range. However, this unlicensed band is already occupied by WiFi networks and a special attention has to be paid to coordinate these two different networks in the shared spectrum usage. Therefore, this paper considers the shared access co-existence in 5 GHz unlicensed band between uncoordinated LTE and WiFi networks. More precisely, it considers the influence of the LTE downlink transmission on the performance of the WiFi networks. The experimental results show that the LTE significantly degrades the WiFi network performance, which means that some of the coordination algorithms have to be employed.

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Hemsy, Axel, Juan Eduardo Ise, Fernando Alberto Miranda Bonomi, Miguel Ángel Cabrera i Mariano Fagre. "Miniaturización con metamaterial de una antena PIFA de triple banda para comunicación Wi-Fi". Elektron 8, nr 2 (15.12.2024): 77–81. https://doi.org/10.37537/rev.elektron.8.2.192.2024.

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En este trabajo se diseñó y modeló una antena F invertida plana (PIFA) de triple banda en las frecuencias de WiFi no licenciadas (2.4, 5 y 6 GHz). En la propuesta realizada se utilizó una celda unitaria de metamaterial que se replicó en el plano de tierra obteniendo una reducción en el tamaño de la antena con respecto a otras ya publicadas. La geometría de la celda se basa en la de un fractal de Minkowski. En el parche se realizó una ranura en forma de J que permitió ajustar las frecuencias de resonancias a las de WiFi. Se obtuvo una eficiencia de radiación del orden del 23% para la banda de 2.4 GHz, superior al 74% en la banda de 5 GHz y del 96% en la banda de 6 GHz.

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Adame, Toni, Marc Carrascosa-Zamacois i Boris Bellalta. "Time-Sensitive Networking in IEEE 802.11be: On the Way to Low-Latency WiFi 7". Sensors 21, nr 15 (21.07.2021): 4954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21154954.

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A short time after the official launch of WiFi 6, IEEE 802.11 working groups along with the WiFi Alliance are already designing its successor in the wireless local area network (WLAN) ecosystem: WiFi 7. With the IEEE 802.11be amendment as one of its main constituent parts, future WiFi 7 aims to include time-sensitive networking (TSN) capabilities to support low latency and ultra-reliability in license-exempt spectrum bands, enabling many new Internet of Things scenarios. This article first introduces the key features of IEEE 802.11be, which are then used as the basis to discuss how TSN functionalities could be implemented in WiFi 7. Finally, the benefits and requirements of the most representative Internet of Things low-latency use cases for WiFi 7 are reviewed: multimedia, healthcare, industrial, and transport.

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Chang, Ray-I., Ying-Chen Chen, Chi-Cheng Chuang i Chia-Hui Wang. "Design and Implementation of an IoT Gateway for Zigbee and WiFi". WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 21 (2.07.2022): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23204.2022.21.27.

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This paper proposed a framework called IAPA (Integrated Access Point Architecture) that applied an off-the-shelf AP (Access Point) device on WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) as an IoT (Internet-of-Things) gateway to integrate Zigbee and Wifi. This Wifi-Zigbee AP (called WiZAP) has the advantages of low cost, small size and low power consumption. However, the coexistence of Wifi and Zigbee in unlicensed bands will introduce a serious data collision problem. In this paper, we propose a linear-time balance-first configuration strategy to adjust Wifi parameters to reduce data collision. A strategy to dynamically configure these parameters for MAC layer communication is also proposed. Experiments test the influence of network transmission in real application scenarios. Results show that our WiZAP can work efficiently with the coexistence of Wifi and Zigbee.

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Pusuluri, Vinod Babu, A. M. Prasad i Naresh K. Darimireddy. "Optimization of 5G Sub Band Antenna Design Using Machine Learning Techniques for WiFi & WiMAX Application". Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 18, nr 2 (15.01.2025): 160–67. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v18i2.3681.

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Objectives: This article presents the design of a 5G-n78 sub-band frequency antenna for WiMAX and WLAN applications, along with its design optimization using four supervised machine learning models: Polynomial Regression (PR), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The performance of the machine learning models is evaluated using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) metric for both the test and train datasets. Furthermore, the dimensions obtained from the most efficient model, XGBoost, are utilized for fabrication and verification purposes. Method: The proposed patch antenna, designed on an FR-4 substrate with a relative dielectric constant of 4.4, a thickness of 1.6 mm, and a loss tangent of 0.002, is modeled in the High-Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) at a frequency of 3.3 GHz. The design dimensions are analyzed over a wide range to generate the dataset required for machine learning implementation to optimize the dimensions. Polynomial regression models of orders 2 and 7 are verified, with better accuracy in terms of RMSE obtained from all four ML models. Findings: The proposed metal patch antenna, with dimensions of (0.304λ0×0.238λ0) mm², resonates at 3.3 GHz, achieving a return loss (S11) of -37.4 dB, a standing wave ratio (SWR) of 1.03, and a gain of 4.06 dBi. A dataset of 2000 records was generated using a full-wave electromagnetic simulator for training and testing purposes across all four ML models. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values obtained for training and testing were 4.42 and 4.44 for the Decision Tree model, 2.04 and 3.17 for the seventh-order Polynomial Regression model, 0.81 and 2.20 for the Random Forest model, and 0.72 and 1.14 for the XGBoost model. The dimensions obtained from the XGBoost model (18 mm in length and 28.5 mm in width) were used for fabrication. The proposed, ML-based simulated, and fabricated return loss values were verified, further, the computational time required for ML simulation is 0.0578s against 9.05m in HFSS simulator. Novelty: Present work reveals the introduction of ML techniques in conventional electromagnetic solvers for better optimization in less time with more efficiency and reachable to antenna engineers. Keywords: High Frequency Structural Simulator, Machine Learning Algorithm, Microstrip Patch Antenna, Return loss, Root Mean square error

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Mushunuri, Visali, Bighnaraj Panigrahi, Hemant Kumar Rath i Anantha Simha. "Efficient listen before technique for LTE-WiFi co-existence in unlicensed bands". International Journal of Space-Based and Situated Computing 7, nr 2 (2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijssc.2017.086825.

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Simha, Anantha, Hemant Kumar Rath, Visali Mushunuri i Bighnaraj Panigrahi. "Efficient listen before technique for LTE-WiFi co-existence in unlicensed bands". International Journal of Space-Based and Situated Computing 7, nr 2 (2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijssc.2017.10008041.

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Devy, Soraya, i Muhammad Firdaus. "Cerai Ṭhalaq di Kalangan Isteri Karier (Studi Kasus di Mahkamah Syar’iyah Banda Aceh)". SAMARAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam 3, nr 2 (20.11.2019): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v3i2.4401.

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Women's current career many filed for divorce ṭhalaq. One of the matters of divorce Ṭhalaq towards a career wife occurred at the Court of Shar'iyah in Banda Aceh. The problem in this article is what is the reason for the divorce Ṭhalaq to a career wife that is found in the ruling on the court of the city of Bnada in Aceh and how Fiqh ṭhalaq review of divorce Ṭhalaq wife career. To answer the problem is conducted a research through normative juridical approach by researching the library material or secondary data As a base material on the rules and literature relating to the issues studied. The results of this study showed that the reasons for his divorce in his career wife on the verdict in this thesis is the occurrence of affair done by the wife, syiqaq, Nusyuznya wife, selfishness wife, and the abandonment of the child. As for the Fiqh review of divorce in the career of the wife who Nusyuz got threats from Allah, including the wife of his rights in the Nusyuz period. The three stages that must be passed to face the wife Nusyuz. First The husband must rebuke and asunder his wife. Second, Suamimelakukan The effort to split the bed. And the third husband may hit his wife with a blow that does not hurt his wife and leaves no marks.

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Massardier-Pilonchery, Amelie, Elena Nerrière, Sophie Croidieu, Fabien Ndagijimana, François Gaudaire, Christophe Martinsons, Nicolas Noé i Martine Hours. "Assessment of Personal Occupational Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields in Libraries and Media Libraries, Using Calibrated On-Body Exposimeters". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, nr 12 (13.06.2019): 2087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122087.

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Background and Objectives: With the spread of Wifi networks, safety concerns have arisen, with complaints of somatic disorders, notably in traditional libraries and media libraries. The aim of the present study was to describe the conditions and levels of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the real-life occupational conditions of those working in traditional libraries and media libraries. Methods: Dynamic measurements, using an exposimeter, were taken in 20 radiofrequency bands from 88 to 5850 MHz. The activity of 28 library workers was analyzed on a space-time budget. An audit of exposure sources and static measurements enabled the work-places to be mapped. Results: In seven libraries, 78,858 samples were taken over the 20 radiofrequency bands from 88 to 5850 MHz. Exposure was described for 28 working days. The median total field was 0.071 V/m (10th percentile: 0.022 V/m, 90th percentile: 0.534 V/m) and for Wifi the median field was 0.005 V/m (10th percentile: 0.005 V/m, 90th percentile: 0.028 V/m). Median individual exposure to Wifi frequency waves ranged from 0.005 to 0.040 V/m. Conclusions: Overall, the occupational exposure in this sector was close to the exposure in the general population. Peaks were due to the use of walkie-talkies by security staff. Exposure due to external sources depended on geographic location. Exposure in this occupation is well below the general occupational exposure levels, notably as regards Wifi.

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Samir, Elkilani, Larbi El Abdellaoui, Jamal Zbitou, A. Errkik i Mohamed Latrach. "A compact dual band PIFA antenna for GPS and ISM BAND applications". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 14, nr 3 (1.06.2019): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v14.i3.pp1266-1271.

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This work deals with desgin of a novel compact Dual band PIFA Antenna structure. The proposed antenna is validated for GPS and WIFI applications. The antenna is achieved on a lossy FR4 substrate. The final size of the antenna is 100×55×13.235 mm3. The final antenna structure was optimized and validated into simulation, fabrication and test. The proposed multiband PIFA is optimized by using solts technique. The fabricated antenna is validated to cover the operating frequencies of GPS (1.535 -1.7GHz) and BLUTOOTH/WIFI (2.54-2.47GHz) bands.

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Li, Huiyang, Shanshan Xiao, Lefei He, Qibo Cai i Gui Liu. "A Dual-Band 8-Antenna Array Design for 5G/WiFi 5 Metal-Frame Smartphone Applications". Micromachines 15, nr 5 (28.04.2024): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15050584.

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This paper presents a dual-band 8-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna specifically designed for fifth-generation (5G) smartphones, featuring two open-slot metal frames. To enhance impedance matching and improve isolation between adjacent antenna elements, each antenna element employed a coupling feed. All simulation results in this paper come from Ansys HFSS. The operational frequency bands of the proposed antenna spanned 3.36–4.2 GHz for the lower band and 4.37–5.95 GHz for the higher band, covering 5G New Radio (NR) bands N78 (3.4–3.6 GHz) and N79 (4.4–4.9 GHz), as well as WiFi 5 (5.15–5.85 GHz). Notably, the antenna demonstrated outstanding isolation exceeding 16.5 dB within the specified operating bands. The exceptional performance positions the proposed antenna as a promising candidate for integration into 5G metal-frame smartphones.

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Proaño Bermeo, Bryan Javier, Alex Hernán Yugcha Masapanta i Freddy Patricio Núñez Núñez. "Antena dipolo con tecnología microstrip para aplicaciones WiFi con el estándar IEEE 802.11xx". Reincisol. 3, nr 6 (15.08.2024): 1432–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.59282/reincisol.v3(6)1432-1445.

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El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de desarrollar una antena dipolo con tecnología microstrip para aplicaciones WiFi bajo el estándar 802.11xx, en respuesta a la creciente necesidad de mejorar la eficiencia de transmisión en redes inalámbricas. La investigación surgió debido a las limitaciones de las antenas tradicionales en términos de ancho de banda, alcance y fiabilidad de la señal. Se empleó una metodología que incluyó el análisis detallado de los estándares WiFi, la construcción de un modelo de antena microstrip mediante simulaciones 3D, y la evaluación de la antena en términos de parámetros S, ganancia, eficiencia y diagrama de radiación. Los resultados mostraron que la antena diseñada cumplió con los estándares de rendimiento requeridos, ofreciendo una ganancia máxima de 5.2 dBi y un ancho de banda de 300 MHz, lo que representa una mejora significativa en comparación con las antenas convencionales. Las conclusiones destacan que la antena microstrip desarrollada no solo cumple con los requisitos técnicos para aplicaciones WiFi, sino que también ofrece una solución más económica y eficiente en términos de espacio y fabricación, contribuyendo a una mejor conectividad en entornos diversos y subrayando la importancia de innovar en el diseño de antenas para satisfacer las demandas actuales de las redes inalámbricas.

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Own, Chung-Ming, Jiawang Hou i Wenyuan Tao. "Signal Fuse Learning Method With Dual Bands WiFi Signal Measurements in Indoor Positioning". IEEE Access 7 (2019): 131805–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2940054.

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Xu, Ziqiang, Chenguang Ding, Qiangqiang Zhou, Yangtao Sun i Si Huang. "A Dual-Band Dual-Antenna System with Common-Metal Rim for Smartphone Applications". Electronics 8, nr 3 (22.03.2019): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8030348.

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A dual-antenna system operating at WIFI and GPS bands is proposed for common-metal rimmed smartphones applications. This dual-antenna system, which is horizontally placed on a ground plane of 4.5 × 75 mm2, consists of two folded inverted-F antennas (IFAs) sharing the same metal rim. Each IFA contains part of the metal radiating arm, and both IFAs own approximately one-quarter free space wavelengths at 2.44 GHz. A matching network is embedded in the feeding line of the left IFA to provide a resonant frequency at 1.575 GHz. By adjusting the positions of the shorting branch and feeding line, good impedance matching is obtained. Two gaps in the metal frame and a center shorting branch between two IFAs are adopted to improve the isolation. The isolations of better than 22 dB and 19 dB in GPS and WIFI bands are attained, respectively. The proposed antenna is fabricated, and the measured results regarding S-parameters, radiation efficiency, gain, as well as diversity performances are presented.

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Ali, Haider, Muhammad Farhan Shafique, Laeeq Riaz i Mahmood Ashraf Khan. "A compact, stable, and angular independent dual‐band frequency‐selective surface for WiFi applications". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 60, nr 10 (26.09.2018): 2451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.31378.

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AbstractThis research work reports on a compact dual‐band bandstop frequency‐selective surface design that is capable of suppressing signals in both 2.4 and 5 GHz bands. The structure is composed of closed loop topology with the unit element size of 0.084 λ0 × 0.084 λ0. In addition to compactness, the proposed structure is independent of polarization defects and angular variations up to 45°. It suppresses signals at least by 15 dB in all polarizations and angle of incidences. The parametric optimization of unit cell allows accurate controlling of desired bands and bandwidth. A prototype of the proposed design is fabricated and measured and good agreement between measured and simulated results is demonstrated.

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Yahya, Faisal, i Maisarah Maisarah. "PENCURIAN INTERNET WIFI PERSPEKTIF HADIS AHKAM (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh)". LEGITIMASI: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum 10, nr 2 (19.11.2021): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/legitimasi.v10i2.11344.

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Penelitian ini di latar belakangi oleh banyaknya kasus pencurian internet Wi-Fi yang penulis temukan terutama dikalangan mahasiswa yang sebagian besarnya berdomisili di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh. Faktor utama terjadinya percurian tersebut disebabkan kebutuhan interner yang tinggi dikalangan mahasiswa karena seluruh proses perkuliahan dilakukan secara online. Penelitian ini untuk menemukan bagaimana modus pencurian internet Wi-Fi di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh dan bagaimanakan perspektif hadis Ahkam tentang fenomena tersebut. Penggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dan dipandukan dengan penelitian lapangan yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi, sehingga dapat memaparkan dan menggambarkan hasil penelitian secara objektif terhadap keadaan yang ditemui di lapangan. Modus operandi pencurian internet Wi-Fi di Kecamata Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh adalah dengan cara, pelaku menggunakan laptop atau handphone dan men-donwload beberapa software atau aplikasi tertentu yang mereka perlukan untuk menerobos sistem keamanan dan memperoleh username dan password untuk digunakan pada Wi-Fi yang ingin didapatkan akses internetnya. Perspektif hukum islam adalah jelas tidak boleh (haram) karena Wi-Fi tersebut telah diberikan keamanan khusus. Maka diharapkan kepada pelaku pencurian internet Wi-Fi untuk tidak melakukan hal yang demikian lagi dan diharapkan kepada pemilik Wi-Fi untuk melaporkannya kepada pihak yang berwajib.

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Hamidouche, Kenza, Walid Saad i Mérouane Debbah. "A Multi-Game Framework for Harmonized LTE-U and WiFi Coexistence over Unlicensed Bands". IEEE Wireless Communications 23, nr 6 (grudzień 2016): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2016.1600064wc.

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Wang, Ping, Guang-Jun Wen, Yong-Jun Huang i Yuan-Hua Sun. "Compact CPW-fed planar monopole antenna with distinct triple bands for WiFi/WiMAX applications". Electronics Letters 48, nr 7 (2012): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2011.3692.

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Liu, Xiaoming, Haiyang Wang, Xiaofan Yang i Jinhong Wang. "Quad-Band Circular Polarized Antenna for GNSS, 5G and WIFI-6E Applications". Electronics 11, nr 7 (2.04.2022): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071133.

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A quad-band circularly-polarized antenna, for applications of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), 5G, and WIFI-6E, is designed, fabricated, and measured. The proposed antenna is formed by an L-shaped radiator, a rectangular frame ground with an L-shaped stub, and a rectangular strip at the opposite corner. The microstrip antenna can generate four frequency bands, covering WIFI-6E (5925–7125 MHz), 5G n77 (3300–4200 MHz), n78 (3300–3800 MHz), and the GNSS bands. This antenna generates right hand circular polarization (RHCP) waves in the low frequency band (0.95–2.11 GHz), covering GPS, BDS, GLONASS, and GALILEO applications. Moreover, an L-shaped aperture and three rectangular slits are cut on the ground to broaden the axial-ratio bandwidth at the upper band. A prototype is fabricated and measured to verify the performance of this design. It is shown that the agreement between the simulation and measurement is satisfactorily good. The measured −10 dB bandwidths for each band are 75.8% (0.95–2.11 GHz), 55.8% (3.05–5.39 GHz), 39.9% (5.84–8.19 GHz) and 10.3% (9.14–10.68 GHz), respectively. While the measured 3 dB axial-ratio bandwidths are 59.4% (1.16–2.14 GHz), 35.8% (3.23–4.64 GHz), 8.4% (5.70–6.20 GHz), and 2.6% (7.51–7.71 GHz), the measured gains are 4.56, 2.28, 4.26, and 4.30 dBi at 1.5 GHz, 3.8 GHz, 6 GHz, and 7.6 GHz, respectively.

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Cárdenas Triana, Jhon Jairo, Andrés Felipe Jaramillo Álvarez, Darwin Leonardo Gómez Pinzón i Iván Darío Duarte Brito. "Diseño e implementación de un prototipo inhibidor de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado (UAV)". Ciencia y Poder Aéreo 15, nr 2 (11.11.2020): 94–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18667/cienciaypoderaereo.663.

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En los últimos años, la proliferación y fácil acceso a los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (uav) ha causado un gran número de incidentes en el mundo. Los gobiernos han aunado esfuerzos para regular y controlar la operación de estos sistemas, al impulsar la creación de soluciones que permitan detectar y mitigar posibles ataques mediante estas plataformas. En el presente artículo se describe el proceso de diseño e implementación de un prototipo de inhibición de uav para las bandas gps (L1 y L2), WiFi 2.4 GHz y WiFi 5.8 GHz. Los resultados de las pruebas realizadas mostraron un alcance de inhibición de 150m con una potencia de transmisión por banda menor a 25 dBm.

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Sharma, Purnima, i Partha Bhattacharya. "Design and development of dual band CPW fed antenna for WLAN and WiFi applications". Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 36, nr 3 (2023): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee2303343s.

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A dual band coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed antenna is constructed, analyzed, and designed for WLAN and WiFi applications in this paper. The antenna has a compact size of 25 ? 25 ? 1.5 mm3. The antenna structure comprises of a slotted radiating patch over FR4 substrate surrounded by staircase shaped ground plane. As part of the analysis of the characteristics parameters such as the return loss, VSWR, and radiation pattern, HFSS 11.1 is utilized. There is a resonance at two frequencies of 3.3 GHz and 5.82 GHz, with an upper frequency bandwidth of 1.89 GHz. In addition to the antenna design, measurement results are presented. Mobile handheld devices can use the proposed antenna for WLAN and WiFi applications that operate in ISM bands.

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Tan, Junjie, Lin Zhang, Ying-Chang Liang i Dusit Niyato. "Intelligent Sharing for LTE and WiFi Systems in Unlicensed Bands: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach". IEEE Transactions on Communications 68, nr 5 (maj 2020): 2793–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.2971212.

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Chaimool, S., i K. L. Chung. "CPW-fed mirrored-L monopole antenna with distinct triple bands for WiFi and WiMAX applications". Electronics Letters 45, nr 18 (2009): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2009.1390.

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Sun, Zhenci, Xiaoguang Zhao, Lingyun Zhang, Ziqi Mei, Han Zhong, Rui You, Wenshuai Lu, Zheng You i Jiahao Zhao. "WiFi Energy-Harvesting Antenna Inspired by the Resonant Magnetic Dipole Metamaterial". Sensors 22, nr 17 (30.08.2022): 6523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176523.

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WiFi energy harvesting is a promising solution for powering microsensors and microsystems through collecting electromagnetic (EM) energies that exist everywhere in modern daily lives. In order to harvest EM energy, we proposed a metamaterial-inspired antenna (MIA) based on the resonant magnetic dipole operating in the WiFi bands. The MIA consists of two metallic split-ring resonators (SRRs), separated by an FR4 dielectric layer, in the broadside coupled configuration. The incident EM waves excite surface currents in the coupled SRRs, and the energy is oscillating between them due to near-field coupling. By varying the vertical distance of the two SRRs, we may achieve impedance matching without complicated matching networks. Collected EM energy can be converted to DC voltages via a rectifier circuit at the output of the coupling coil. Measured results demonstrate that the designed MIA may resonate at 2.4 GHz with a deep-subwavelength form factor (14 mm×14 mm×1.6 mm). The WiFi energy-harvesting capability of the proposed MIA with an embedded one-stage Dickson voltage multiplier has also been evaluated. A rectified DC voltage is approximately 500 mV when the MIA is placed at a distance of 2 cm from the WiFi transmit antenna with a 9 dBm transmitting power. The proposed compact MIA in this paper is of great importance for powering future distributed microsystems.

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Porras, J., A. Acosta, A. Corona i G. Puerto. "Energy harvesting system using broadband textile antennas". Journal of Applied Research and Technology 22, nr 1 (29.02.2024): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2024.22.1.1979.

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Taking advantage of the benefits provided by the energy harvesting from ambient radio frequency sources, a multiband receiver is designed and manufactured using broadband antennas constructed with textile materials to be adapted into a Tshirt. The antennas connected to the rectifier allow to capture energy from the environment from four mobile bands: 1700, 1800, 1900 and 2100 MHz, and from the 2400 MHz WiFi band.

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Jhang, Wei-Chiang, i Jwo-Shiun Sun. "Small Antenna Design of Triple Band for WIFI 6E and WLAN Applications in the Narrow Border Laptop Computer". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (9.07.2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7334206.

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This paper presents the design of a small antenna for use in a wireless local area network (WLAN) and Wi-fi 6E on a narrow-border laptop. The dimensions of the antenna are 43 × 3 × 0.4 mm3, and it features a grounding system simulated by a 200 × 260 mm2 copper plate. At low-frequency bands, a couple-fed right arm can excite the fundamental at 2.45 GHz in the λ/4 resonant mode to cover the range of 2.4–2.848 GHz. At higher bands, the couple-fed left arm and direct-fed right arm can control the higher 3λ/4 mode at 5.825 GHz and 5λ/4 mode at 6.85 GHz. The direct-fed left arm excites the fundamental at 5.16 GHz in the λ/4 resonant mode and, with integration of 5.16, 5.825, and 6.85 GHz, can fully cover the range of 5.15–7.125 GHz. In far-field measurements, the peak gain and efficiency in a WLAN with Wi-Fi 6E were 0.82 and 2.58 dBi and 53% and 68% in the low and high bands, respectively. Overall, the experiments revealed that the antenna exhibits a sufficient level of performance for a narrow-border laptop.

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Kurt, Hilal, i Adnan Kaya. "Triband Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna for Bluetooth/WiFi Applications". ICONTECH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 6, nr 1 (20.03.2022): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/icontechvol6iss1pp58-62.

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In recent years, according to the requirements of wireless applications, multiband and low profile patch antennas are desired. In this study, a simple rectangular patch triband microstrip antenna is developed to use for Bluetooth/WiFi applications. The antenna is in the form of rectangular slots with different lengths loaded on the rectangular patch with reduced ground size. FR-4 substrate with 1.6 mm thickness is used as substrate material and annealed copper is used as ground and patch materials. The designed antenna is simulated using CST MWS software program. Microstrip line feeding technique with discrete port is used to feed the antenna. According to the results, S11 parameters of three resonant frequencies can be given as -15.08 dB, -11.88 dB and -24.03 dB at 2.39 GHz, 3.07 GHz and 4.92 GHz respectively. Gain values of the resonance frequencies can be given as follows, 2.25 dBi, 3.76 dBi and 1.92 dBi at 2.39 GHz, 3.07 GHz and 4.92 GHz respectively. Proposed antenna bandwidth can be given as, 197.5 MHz (2.29 GHz – 2.49 GHz) at 2.39 GHz, 116.1 MHz (3.01 GHz – 3.13 GHz) at 3.07 GHz and 266.2 MHz (4.79 GHz – 5.06 GHz) at 4.92 GHz, respectively. Since the designed antenna can work at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands with 2.24 dBi and 2.34 dBi, respectively, IEEE 802.11ac/b/g standards are supported by the antenna. So the proposed antenna can be used for Bluetooth and 2.4 GHz/5GHz WiFi applications.

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Wang, Zhonggen, Mingqing Wang i Wenyan Nie. "A Monopole UWB Antenna for WIFI 7/Bluetooth and Satellite Communication". Symmetry 14, nr 9 (15.09.2022): 1929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14091929.

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In this paper, a monopole UWB broadband antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured for wireless communication networks. The initial radiator model of the proposed antenna has a short-sleeve shape, and to expand the impedance bandwidth, the right and left angles are subtracted symmetrically from the lower half of the radiator. The impedance matching is improved by etching slots in the feed line and adding L-shaped patches symmetrically on both sides of the feed line. The results show that the proposed miniaturized antenna system can cover WiFi 7(2.4–2.484 GHz, 5.15–5.35 GHz, 5.725–5.825 GHz, 5.925–7.125 GHz), 4G LTE (2.3–2.39 GHz, 2.555–2.655 GHz), 5G (4.8–5.0 GHz), X-band (7–12.4 GHz), Ku-band (10.7–14.59 GHz), and C-band uplink bands (5.925–6.425 GHz). Moreover, the antenna is found to be omnidirectional at low frequencies, with a maximum peak gain of 5.43 dBi. The antenna can be used for multi-frequency wireless communication applications.

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Sun, Hongyu, Zhiyi Fang, Qun Liu, Zheng Lu i Ting Zhu. "Enabling LTE and WiFi Coexisting in 5 GHz for Efficient Spectrum Utilization". Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2017 (2017): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5156164.

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Due to the increasing mobile traffic demands in cellular network, researchers have proposed the coexistence of LTE and WiFi technologies in 5 GHz unlicensed bands. Therefore, how to efficiently utilize the spectrum in 5 GHz becomes extremely important. To avoid the channel access conflicts, current LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) technology introduces the duty cycle of LTE, while License-Assisted Access (LAA) technology introduces Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) mechanism. While these two technologies improve the spectrum utilization by using time division access schema, we believe that more efficient spectrum utilization can be achieved by enabling simultaneous transmissions from LTE and WiFi. In this paper, we propose a novel method (i.e.,Low Amplitude Stream Injection (LASI) method) to enable the simultaneous transmissions of WiFi and LTE frames in the same channel and recover the data from the conflicts. To further utilize theLASImethod, we introduce theConflict-Tolerant Channel Allocation (CTCA)algorithm to optimize the channel allocation and achieve more efficient spectrum utilization in 5 GHz. Extensive simulation results show that our approach achieves lower latency and higher throughput. Compared with the state-of-the-art LTE-U and LAA technologies, our approach can improve the spectrum efficiency 2.9 times.

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Mrnka, M., P. Vasina, M. Kufa, V. Hebelka i Z. Raida. "The RF Energy Harvesting Antennas Operating in Commercially Deployed Frequency Bands: A Comparative Study". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7379624.

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This paper deals with suitable antennas for energy harvesting, which is a growing research field due to the utilization of nowadays ubiquitous and abundant RF energy. Four types of basic antenna structures suitable for harvesting applications, namely, the patch antenna, slot antenna, modified inverted F antenna, and dielectric resonator antenna, are compared from the viewpoint of reflection coefficient, efficiency, radiation patterns, and dimensions. The frequencies of interest were chosen so that they cover several main wireless systems operating between 0.8 GHz and 2.6 GHz, that is, GSM, UMTS, and WiFi.

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Moradikordalivand, Alishir, Chee Yen Leow, Tharek Abd Rahman, Sepideh Ebrahimi i Tien Han Chua. "Wideband MIMO antenna system with dual polarization for WiFi and LTE applications". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, nr 3 (4.03.2015): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907871500032x.

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In this paper a wideband multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna system for WiFi-LTE wireless access point (WAP) application is proposed. The MIMO antenna system consists of two common element microstrip-fed monopole antennas with dual polarization. Physically closed integration of MIMO antenna elements requires a special technique to increase the isolation between the antennas. A novel structure of parasitic element is introduced to improve the isolation between the antennas. The proposed MIMO antenna system is simulated and optimized using CST Microwave Studio. The designed antenna system is fabricated and measured to verify the simulation results. Reflection coefficient of less than −10 dB and isolation more than 15 dB are achieved in the operating frequency range of 2.3–2.9 GHz which covers WiFi 2.4 GHz and LTE 2.6 GHz bands. The proposed system also provides dual polarization with 10 dB polarization diversity gain and envelope correlation coefficient less than 0.15. Each individual antenna has a gain of 5.1 dB and 68% efficiency.

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Huang, Xiaoge, Yangyang Li, She Tang i Qianbin Chen. "Coexistence of Cognitive Small Cell and WiFi System: A Traffic Balancing Dual-Access Resource Allocation Scheme". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4092681.

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We consider a holistic approach for dual-access cognitive small cell (DACS) networks, which uses the LTE air interface in both licensed and unlicensed bands. In the licensed band, we consider a sensing-based power allocation scheme to maximize the sum data rate of DACSs by jointly optimizing the cell selection, the sensing operation, and the power allocation under the interference constraint to macrocell users. Due to intercell interference and the integer nature of the cell selection, the resulting optimization problems lead to a nonconvex integer programming. We reformulate the problem to a nonconvex power allocation game and find the relaxed equilibria, quasi-Nash equilibrium. Furthermore, in order to guarantee the fairness of the whole system, we propose a dynamic satisfaction-based dual-band traffic balancing (SDTB) algorithm over licensed and unlicensed bands for DACSs which aims at maximizing the overall satisfaction of the system. We obtain the optimal transmission time in the unlicensed band to ensure the proportional fair coexistence with WiFi while guaranteeing the traffic balancing of DACSs. Simulation results demonstrate that the SDTB algorithm could achieve a considerable performance improvement relative to the schemes in literature, while providing a tradeoff between maximizing the total data rate and achieving better fairness among networks.

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Li, Hao, Lu Xu, Feng Qian i Yong Zhou. "Train-mounted Broadband Monopole Antenna for 5G Communication". Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 36, nr 7 (19.08.2021): 879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2021.aces.j.360709.

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As a convenient and efficient public transport system, high speed railway (HSR) was rapidly deployed in China. Since the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system is commercially applied, it is necessary for mobile terminals antennas to cover multiple operating bands to be compatible with various communication systems. Here a HSR-mounted broadband and high-gain monopole antenna is proposed. By using the meander technology and introducing the tapered structure, the proposed antenna operates over a bandwidth of 694-960 MHz and 1350-5975 MHz (VSWR<1.8), which covers both 2G-5G mobile communication and WiFi frequency bands. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are 400 mm × 330 mm × 78 mm. The measured average gain is 6.11 dBi over the entire bandwidth.

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38

Xu, Fang, i Mu Ju. "A MIMO Reversed Antenna Array Design for gsm1800/td-scdma/lte/wi-max/wiLan/wifi". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/805901.

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A triband MIMO antenna used for gsm1800/td-scdma/lte/wi-max/wiLan/wifi has been proposed in this paper. The design with the size of 32 m∗73.6 mm is fabricated on FR4 substrate (thickness is 1.6 mm). This antenna consists of two reversed monopole meandered radiators and defected ground structure which work together to achieve impedance match and enhance isolation for all operating bands. According to the subsequent measured results, the working frequency domains are at gsm1800 (1.71 GHz–1.88 GHz), td-scdma (1.88 GHz–2.025 GHz), lte (2.1–2.35, 2.48–2.51), wi-max (3.5 GHz, 5.5 GHz), wiLan (5.725 GHz–5.8 GHz), and wifi (5.8 GHz–5.88 GHz) approximately. Besides, the measured radiation patterns (gain total) are also well at these working frequency domains and the omnidirectional performance has been achieved for the reversed MIMO antenna array. Furthermore, the realized isolation is more than 15 dB, 24.2 dB, and 22 dB at the first, the second, and the third working frequency band, respectively.

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Wang, Zhonggen, Mingqing Wang i Wenyan Nie. "Design of a Dual-Band WiFi Antenna Using the Theory of Characteristic Modes and Nested Chinese Characters". Electronics 12, nr 16 (16.08.2023): 3465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12163465.

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In this paper, a dual-band WiFi antenna and its Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system application is designed, fabricated, and measured based on the Chinese characters “Men” and “Wei”. The antenna uses a 40 × 40 × 1.6 mm3 FR4 substrate to analyze the combinatorial structure of Chinese characters using the theory of characteristic modes, to optimize the antenna dimensions by analyzing the mode current distribution, and to broaden the antenna bandwidth by etching rectangular slots on the ground. The measured and simulated results show that the four-element MIMO antenna covers 5.68–8.01 GHz, the isolation between the antennas is higher than 20 dB in the working band, the envelope correlation coefficient and the channel capacity losses of the simulation are lower than 0.001 and 0.18 bits/s/HZ, respectively. The efficiency of the antenna is higher than 90%, and it can be used for WiFi communication bands (5.8 GHz and 6 GHz).

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40

Yang, Min-Yuan, i Ruey-Beei Wu. "Design for SAW Antenna-Plexers with Improved Matching Inductance Circuits". Micromachines 15, nr 1 (30.12.2023): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15010089.

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This study designs antenna-plexers, including a surface acoustic wave (SAW) extractor and an upper- and mid-high band (UHB + MHB) diplexer, for LTE 4G and 5G bands using carrier aggregation. The SAW extractor combines a bandpass filter (BPF) and a band-stop filter (BSF) in a single unit that consists of eight modified Butterworth–van Dyke (mBVD) resonators that resonate in parallel with an inductor and SAW resonators. This BSF behaves as a high-pass filter at frequencies lower than the designed WIFI band and as a capacitor at higher frequencies. The SAW extractor meets product specifications in the frequency range 0.7 to 2.7 GHz. The UHB + MHB diplexer, which is composed of a microwave filter, a SAW filter, and a simple matching inductor, uses frequency response methods to create an RF component for 2.4 GHz + WIFI 6E applications. The design uses a SAW’s interdigital transducer (IDT) structure, and the experimental results are in agreement with the simulation results, so the design is feasible.

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Cheng, Shao-Hung, Shu-Chuan Chen, Yu-Jen Chen i Chiang-Lung Liu. "Compact Asymmetric T-Feed Closed-Slot Antennas for 2.4/5/6 GHz WiFi-7 MIMO Laptops". Electronics 13, nr 13 (21.06.2024): 2430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13132430.

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In this paper, we introduce a closed-slot WiFi-7 multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system equipped with six antennas, designed specifically for laptop integration. Positioned near the lower edge of the laptop’s display ground plane, the antennas are placed 2.5 mm from the hinge and 8 mm from the left side of the ground plane. Each antenna features a 44 × 2 mm2 closed-slot structure with a simple T-shaped feeder that stimulates half-wavelength and full-wavelength resonances via feed-in coupling. The six antennas are aligned in parallel, spaced 4 mm apart, forming a compact array without the need for additional isolation components. This setup supports dual-band functionality across both 2400–2500 MHz and 5150–7125 MHz WiFi-7 bands. Performance assessments indicate a minimum of 10 dB isolation between the antennas and envelope correlation coefficients (ECC) of the radiation patterns being below 0.04. Furthermore, the antenna array’s radiation efficiency was measured to be over 64%.

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Ali, Ayyaz, Mehr E. Munir, Mohamed Marey, Hala Mostafa, Zahriladha Zakaria, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi i Farooq Ahmed Bhatti. "A Compact MIMO Multiband Antenna for 5G/WLAN/WIFI-6 Devices". Micromachines 14, nr 6 (30.05.2023): 1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14061153.

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This research work presents a compact design of a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) multiband antenna along with high-isolation characteristics. The presented antenna was designed for 3.50 GHz, 5.50 GHz, and 6.50 GHz frequencies for 5G cellular, 5G WiFi, and WiFi-6, respectively. The fabrication of the aforementioned design was undertaken using FR-4 (1.6 mm thickness) substrate material with a loss tangent and relative permittivity of about 0.025 and 4.30, respectively. The two-element MIMO multiband antenna was miniaturized to 16 × 28 × 1.6 mm3, making it desirable for devices operating in 5G bands. High isolation (>15 dB) was attained with thorough testing without employing a decoupling scheme in the design. Laboratory measurements resulted in a peak gain of 3.49 dBi and an efficiency of around 80% in the entire operating band. The evaluation of the presented MIMO multiband antenna was carried out in terms of the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL). The measured ECC was less than 0.04, and the DG was well above 9.50. The observed TARC was also lower than −10 dB, and the CCL was below 0.4 bits/s/Hz in the entire operating band. The presented MIMO multiband antenna was analyzed and simulated using CST Studio Suite 2020.

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Shivangi, Soni, Chandan, Kumar Singh Ashutosh i Yadav Hema. "A compact microstrip patch antenna with DGS for WiFi/WiMAX/WLAN". i-manager's Journal on Communication Engineering and Systems 12, nr 1 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jcs.12.1.19756.

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In recent years, the study of microstrip patch antennas has witnessed significant advancements, offering numerous advantages and promising prospects compared with conventional antennas. These antennas are characterized by their lightweight compact size, low cost, low profile, small dimensions, and excellent conformability. Additionally, microstrip patch antennas exhibit various desirable features, such as dual and circular polarization, dual-frequency operation, broad bandwidth, flexible feedline configurations, and beam-scanning omnidirectional patterns. In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna design tailored for the 2.4 GHz frequency band is proposed, showcasing its potential for applications in wireless communication devices. The antenna is engineered to operate across multiple bands, including the wireless device band, Ultra Wide Band (UWB), and X band. It has a truncated rectangle shape with additional stubs, whereas the substrate material employed is FR4. The resulting design achieves resonance at four different frequencies, effectively covering the Microwave Access (WiMAX) band at 2.5 GHz and 4 GHz. Notably, the implementation of Digital Global Systems (DGS) plays a crucial role in reducing the antenna size while simultaneously enhancing its performance. The proposed microstrip patch antenna demonstrates great potential for meeting the increasing demand of modern wireless communication devices. Its multiband operation, compact size, and improved performance, achieved through the integration of DGS, make it a promising candidate for various wireless communication applications.

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Yusrizal, Yusrizal, Ibnu Hajar i Samsidar Tanjung. "Analisis Kemampuan Guru Sekolah Dasar Dalam Penggunaan Media TIK Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Di Banda Aceh". Jurnal Literasi Digital 3, nr 2 (31.07.2023): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54065/jld.3.2.2023.280.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Kemampuan Guru Sekolah Dasar dalam Pemanfaatan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis TIK di Kota Banda Aceh; dan 2) Perbedaan rata-rata minat belajar siswa yang diajar oleh guru berkompetensi tinggi, sedang, dan rendah dalam memanfaatkan media pembelajaran berbasis TIK. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Banda Aceh. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sekolah dasar negeri yang dilengkapi wifi dan minimal terakreditasi B yang terdiri dari 42 sekolah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan jenis komparatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, dan angket. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan ANAVA satu arah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Kemampuan guru SD dalam memanfaatkan media pembelajaran berbasis TIK di Kota Banda Aceh berada pada kategori sedang. (skor total = 170,22, berada pada rentang 140 ? X <220); dan (2) Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara rata-rata minat belajar siswa yang diajari oleh guru berkompetensi tinggi, sedang, dan rendah dalam memanfaatkan media pembelajaran berbasis TIK. (F hitung = 40,205 dengan sig. = 0,000 < 0 ,05).

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Sun, Xinghua, i Lin Dai. "Towards Fair and Efficient Spectrum Sharing Between LTE and WiFi in Unlicensed Bands: Fairness-Constrained Throughput Maximization". IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 19, nr 4 (kwiecień 2020): 2713–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.2967702.

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Li, Pengru, i Danpu Liu. "Efficient beam selection and resource allocation scheme for WiFi and 5G coexistence at unlicensed millimetre-wave bands". IET Communications 14, nr 17 (27.10.2020): 2944–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2019.0746.

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Basit, Abdul, M. Irfan Khattak, Abdel Razik Sebak, Abdul Baseer Qazi i Ahmad A. Telba. "Design of a Compact Microstrip Triple Independently Controlled Pass Bands Filter for GSM, GPS and WiFi Applications". IEEE Access 8 (2020): 77156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2989377.

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Ahn, Chang-Woo, i Sang-Hwa Chung. "SDN-Based Mobile Data Offloading Scheme Using a Femtocell and WiFi Networks". Mobile Information Systems 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5308949.

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Because of the many applications running on smartphones, the load of mobile data traffic on cellular networks is increasing rapidly. A femtocell is a solution to increase the cellular network capacity and coverage. However, because it uses the same frequency bands as a macrocell, interference problems have prevented its widespread adoption. In this paper, we propose a scheme for traffic offloading between femtocells and WiFi networks utilizing software-defined networking (SDN) technology. In the proposed offloading scheme, the SDN technology allows a terminal to maintain existing sessions after offloading through a centralized control of the SDN-based equipment. We also propose an offloading target selection scheme based on available bandwidth estimation and an association control mechanism to reduce the femtocell load while ensuring quality of service (QoS) in terms of throughput. Experimental results on an actual testbed showed that the proposed offloading scheme provides seamless connectivity and reduces the femtocell load by up to 46% with the aid of the proposed target selection scheme, while ensuring QoS after offloading. We also observed that the proposed target selection scheme offloads 28% more traffic to WiFi networks compared to received signal strength indicator-based target selection in a low background traffic environment.

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Wu, Chia-Hao, Jwo-Shiun Sun i Bo-Shiun Lu. "Watchstrap-Embedded Four-Element Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output Antenna Design for a Smartwatch in 5.2–5.8 GHz Wireless Applications". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1905984.

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This paper presents a compact four-element multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna design operating within the WiFi 802.11 ac bands (5.2–5.84 GHz) for a smartwatch. The antenna is fabricated using a polyamide substrate and embedded into the strap of a smartwatch model; the strap is created using three-dimensional etching of plastic materials. The four-element MIMO antenna is formed by four monopole antennas, has a simple structure, and is connected to the system ground plane of the smartwatch. Due to the stub and notched block between two antennas and the slit in the system ground, the four-element MIMO antenna exhibits favorable isolation. Moreover, the envelope correlation coefficient of the antennas is considerably lower than 0.005 in the operating band. The measured −6 dB impedance bandwidths of the four elements of the antenna (Ant1–Ant4) with the human wrist encompass the WiFi 802.11 ac range of 5.2–5.84 GHz; moreover, an isolation of more than 20 dB is achieved. The measured antenna efficiency with and without a phantom hand are 45%–55% and 93%–97%, respectively.

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Prajwal, C. Y., Chandan K S, M. S. Poorna Prajwal, Likith S i Santhosh B. "Review Paper on LoRa based technologies for Vehicular and Tracking applications". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 3 (31.03.2022): 1852–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40941.

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Abstract: LoRa stands For Long Range. It is a low powered wide area network derived from chirp spread spectrum technology and encodes information through chirp pulses on to the radio waves. The range of LoRa greatly varies from few meters to approximately 100 Kilometers depending on the mode of operation. The main advantage of LoRa against Bluetooth, WiFi and ZigBee is its long range and it is well suited for transmission of small chunks of data with low bit rates. LoRa is generally operated at 915MHz, 868MHz and 433MHz which are Sub-Giga Heartz bands. These are a part of the ISM bands which are reserved for Industrial and Medical Purposes Internationally which are free of cost and do not require any kind of licensing. Vehicular communication is a form of exchanging messages between various vehicular and roadside units regarding their location, speed and much more. The LoRa technology when integrated with Vehicular Communication establishment of green corridors for Emergency vehicles by clearing the traffic and help in reaching the destination with minimal time delay. Keywords: LoRa, ISM Bands, Vehicular Communication

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