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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Biological Sciences”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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1

Wei, Fang. "The Explanatory Autonomy of the Biological Sciences." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16855.

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This thesis aims to argue for the explanatory autonomy of the biological sciences. According to many philosophers and scientists, the biological sciences do not have their own explanatory autonomy because they either can be reduced to other “hard” sciences such as physics and chemistry, or cannot really explain phenomena since they do not have laws of nature. To maintain the explanatory autonomy of the biological sciences, I first argue against one influential form of reductionism, i.e., explanatory reductionism, by showing that explanation in the biological sciences can be achieved without re

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Burrows, Andrea C. "A social study of women in contemporary biological sciences." Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135540/.

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Edjoc, Rojiemiahd. "Movement interference effects during the tracking of biological and non biological movement." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27840.

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Are the neural and behavioural mechanisms underlying the tracking of another human's movement different from that of tracking the movement of a non-biological system? In an experiment by Kilner, Pauligan, Blakemore, (2003) an interference effect was found during the observation and tracking of incongruent biological movements (another human performing a different action), but not so with incongruent nonbiological movements (a robot performing a different action). They defined this interference effect as the degree of change in the movement trajectory of the observer due to observed movement. R

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4

Ma, Yong. "THz time domain spectroscopy and its application in biological sciences." Thesis, University of Essex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496274.

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Arvestad, Lars. "Algorithms for biological sequence alignment." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Numerisk analys och datalogi, NADA, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-2905.

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6

Murrel, Benjamin. "Improved models of biological sequence evolution." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71870.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Computational molecular evolution is a field that attempts to characterize how genetic sequences evolve over phylogenetic trees – the branching processes that describe the patterns of genetic inheritance in living organisms. It has a long history of developing progressively more sophisticated stochastic models of evolution. Through a probabilist’s lens, this can be seen as a search for more appropriate ways to parameterize discrete state continuous time Markov chains to better encode biological reality, matching the histor

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7

Au, Y. C. "Synthesising heterogeneity : trends of visuality in biological sciences, circa 1970s-2000s." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1478180/.

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This is a case study of diagrams in a field of biological mechanism research (apoptosis), revealing that mechanism diagrams play a crucial role in the practice of developing mechanistic explanations for cell biology. This thesis supports and extends the existing literature in the following aspects: the relationship between scientific representation and practice (Daston and Galison, 2007), inter-field and inter-level integration in biological practice of mechanism research (Bechtel, 2006; Craver and Darden, 2013), and the assertive and engaging power of diagrams (Bender and Marrinan, 2010; Wood

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8

Cramer, Karla B. "Impact of constructivism via the biological sciences curriculum study (BSCS) 5E model on student science achievement and attitude." Montana State University, 2012. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2012/cramer/CramerK0812.pdf.

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The investigation involved implementing constructivist instruction via the Biological Sciences Curriculum Study 5E Instructional Model to determine its' impact on student achievement and attitude. The study included 68 seventh grade Life Science students of average to above average achievement at a community based K-12 school in Florence, Montana. Treatment was implemented during a six week biome unit in which student achievement was assessed through the Evaluation Association Measured Academic Progress and summative assessments. Student attitude was evaluated through the Test of Science Relat

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9

Westbrooks, Kelly Anthony. "Biological Inference using Flow Networks." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cs_diss/36.

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Many bioinformatics problems are inference problems: Given partial or incomplete information about something, use that information to infer the missing or unknown data. This work addresses two inference problems in bioinformatics. The rst problem is inferring viral quasispecies sequences and their frequencies from 454 pyrosequencing reads. The second problem is inferring the structure of signal transduction networks from observations of interactions between cellular components. At first glance, these problems appear to be unrelated to each other. However, this work successfully penetrates both

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10

Goldstein, Goldie L. "Smart Temporal Phase Unwrapping for Biological Objects." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/311573.

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The development of a quantitative phase microscope (QPM) has allowed the ability to acquire real-time phase movies of biological processes. The image processing of the data is critical to the system's ability to measure relative changes. The phase data must be consistent throughout a measurement and background fluctuations must be minimized. The research presented in this work discusses methods to effectively process sequences of phase data such that it can be used to quantify changes within real-time studies of living cells. This work begins by exploring two-dimensional phase unwrapping to

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11

Wala, Zingfa Jantur. "Birds and people: studies based on citizen science and census data of Greater Gauteng, South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29541.

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Global human population growth has been predicted to grow exponentially, to a point where it exceeds the capacity of available resources to sustain it. The consequences that such exponential increase will have on the environment has also been the focus of several research. The spatial pattern of human population has reveal uneven pattern of human population with the urban areas being subject of increased influx of human population from the rural areas in search of better economic factors. The United Nations in 2007 revealed that at least half of the world’s 6.6 billion human population was liv

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12

Zwiessele, Max. "Bringing models to the domain : deploying Gaussian processes in the biological sciences." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18492/.

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Recent developments in single cell sequencing allow us to elucidate processes of individual cells in unprecedented detail. This detail provides new insights into the progress of cells during cell type differentiation. Cell type heterogeneity shows the complexity of cells working together to produce organ function on a macro level. The understanding of single cell transcriptomics promises to lead to the ultimate goal of understanding the function of individual cells and their contribution to higher level function in their environment. Characterizing the transcriptome of single cells requires us

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13

Ramachandran, Gopal (Gopal Sebastian). "Modular architecture in biological networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39734.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 201-207).<br>In the past decade, biology has been revolutionized by an explosion in the availability of data. Translating this new wealth of information into meaningful biological insights and clinical breakthroughs will require a complete overhaul both in the questions being asked, and the methodologies used to answer them. One of the largest challenges in organizing and understanding the data coming from genome sequencing, microarray experiments, and other high-throughput

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14

Holm, Tina. "Cell-penetrating peptides : Uptake, stability and biological activity." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för neurokemi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-55664.

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Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have emerged as a group of remarkable delivery vectors for various hydrophilic macromolecules, otherwise excluded from cells due to the protective plasma membrane. Unbiased conclusions regarding e.g. uptake mechanism, intracellular distribution and cargo delivery efficacy is complicated by the use of different methodological parameters by different laboratories. The first paper in this thesis introduced unifying protocols enabling comparison of results from different research groups. One of these methods, HPLC, was used in paper II to investigate CPP uptake and

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15

Brooks, Daniel Stephen [Verfasser]. "The concept of levels of organization in the biological sciences / Daniel Stephen Brooks." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1082033960/34.

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16

MacNab, Wilhelmina. "A study of cognitive factors which contribute to competence in the biological sciences." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292771.

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17

Miketova, Petra 1967. "Mass spectrometry of compounds of biological interest." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288810.

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Mass spectrometric methods, including EI, CI, FAB and ESI LC/MS have been surveyed as tools for identification and characterization of compounds of natural origin exhibiting biological activity. Bioactive catechins isolated from green tea were analyzed by mass spectral methods: EI spectra provided both molecular weight and structural information, including epimer differentiation. FAB mass spectrometry gave both molecular weight and structural information on all compounds. ESI LC/MS provided unambiguous MW information on all compounds and some additional structural data on compounds ECG and EGC

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18

Honti, Frantisek. "A method for the identification of biological pathways." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e7079080-a814-431a-badd-35080f5a2825.

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Plenty of gene variants have been associated with disease, indicating widespread genetic heterogeneity, which leaves the molecular basis of complex diseases unclear. However, it is widely postulated that the products of genes whose mutations are implicated in the same disease function together in the same biological pathways and it is the disruption of these pathways that underlies the disease. Such pathways are not well defined and their identification could help elucidate disease mechanisms. To discern molecular pathways of relevance to complex disease, I have inferred functional association

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19

Evans, Elizabeth Balconi. "CHO-HUMAN HYBRID CELLS AS MODELS FOR HUMAN CHROMOSOME NON-DISJUNCTION." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03302009-124708/.

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We have used Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-human hybrid cells containing chromosomes 16, 18, X, and 21 to test the ability of human kinetochores to successfully bind to spindle microtubules and to be distributed to the daughter cells. We have established the intrinsic rate of non-disjunction among these human chromosomes noted above and compared these rates with those in cells presented with mitotic challenges such as taxol, nocodazole, and mitosis with unreplicated genomes (MUG). Cells were grown on culture slides, fixed and processed for immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridizatio

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20

Peterson, Alison. "EFFECTS OF SIZE AND EXPOSURE TO PREDATION THREAT ON MATING BEHAVIOR AND PREDATION RESPONSE IN MALE WESTERN MOSQUITOFISH (GAMBUSIA AFFINIS)." MSSTATE, 2004. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04022004-205940/.

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Trade offs between mating and predator avoidance advantages were studied in the western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis: Poeciliidae). When tested with green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) predators, larger male G. affinis were found to have a higher number of escapes compared to smaller males. Smaller males were captured more often than larger males in groups of six and in both complex and simple habitat types. Large males, on average, were found to attempt more matings and spend a larger proportion of time near the female than smaller males. When trials with predators were compared to trials wit

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21

Chambers, Melissa Gwen. "THE ROLE OF A NON-MICROTUBULE-BASED SPINDLE MATRIX IN EUKARYOTIC CELLULAR DIVISION." MSSTATE, 2007. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07032007-103801/.

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A non-microtubule-based spindle matrix has been observed in Drosophila melanogaster meiotic and somatic cells. This matrix comprises the proteins: Skeletor, Megator and Chromator, which localize to the nuclear periphery and chromosomes at prophase and to the microtubule spindle during mitosis and meiosis. This matrix might play a role in nuclear organization and microtubule assembly and stabilization. It is important to determine the presence or absence of this matrix in other species in order to compare form and function to that in Drosophila. These matrix proteins were studied in both normal

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22

Johnson, Mary Kathrine. "THE METAPHASE CHECKPOINT IN CELLS UNDERGOING MITOSIS WITHOUT CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION." MSSTATE, 2007. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07062007-115810/.

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Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) were arrested with hydoxyurea at the beginning of DNA synthesis. Subsequent treatment with caffeine induced cells to bypass S-phase and undergo mitosis with unreplicated genomes (MUG). Treated cells built a normal spindle and distributed unattached kinetochores to daughter cells. To determine if MUG cells obey the metaphase checkpoint, we used immunoflourescence to detect and localize known metaphase checkpoint and motor proteins. In addition, the drug taxol was used to stabilize microtubules in MUG cells. The localization of CENP- E, the presence of anaphase

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23

Propst, Erin Althaia. "Methods of Cultivation of Hyperthermophiles that Utilize Crude Oil." MSSTATE, 2005. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07072005-222012/.

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This study demonstrated the presence of hyperthermophilic organisms in the upper Jurassic Smackover formation in Womack Hills, AL. Evidence for the presence of these organisms was shown by the cultivation of an aerobic and an anaerobic, oil-degrading hyperthermophilic culture from the cuttings of an oil well in the Jurassic Smackover at 90¢ªC. Viability of microorganisms in the formation was established through electron microscopy, by carbon dioxide production, and by protein production during incubation in medium at 90¢ªC. Not only was the presence of viable microorganisms in the reservoir es

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24

Lockett, Nikki Nikkia. "ANALYSIS OF REGULATORY T CELL ACTIVATION MARKERS IN FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (FIV)-INFECTED AND CONTROL PLACENTA SAMPLES FROM EARLY AND LATE TERM PREGNANCY." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07272009-125111/.

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Mother-to-child transmission of HIV is the leading cause of pediatric AIDS; however, mechanisms by which HIV compromises pregnancy are not understood. CD4+CD25+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells play a role in pregnancy maintenance. RNA from early and late gestation placentas and fetuses from FIV-infected and control cats were probed for expression of FIV gag and Treg markers CD25, FOXP3, and CTLA4, using real time reverse-transcriptase (RT)-PCR. High rates of vertical transmission and reproductive failure were detected in early and late pregnancy. In control animals, both FOXP3 and CTLA4 expression d

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25

Dahal, Neeti. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE PRODUCTION OF THE LANTIBIOTICS MUTACIN 1140 IN MODIFIED M9 MEDIA." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-10062009-145719/.

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Mutacin 1140, a class 1 bacteriocin, is produced by Streptococcus mutans and belongs to the type A lantibiotic family. Experiments were done to optimize production of mutacin 1140 in minimal media enabling a more cost efficient downstream purification method. The development of a small volume fermentation method enabled a rapid screen of several variables in a standard shaking incubator. This method provided a fast approach for determining components that promote mutacin 1140 production in minimal media broth. Lactose was determined to be the optimal carbon source for mutacin 1140 production.

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Trueblood, Erin Donivan. "EFFORTS TOWARD UNDERSTANDING DIETARY COMPONENTS AND THE REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIORS AND LIMITATIONS OF THE GIANT PANDA (AILUROPODA MELANOLEUCA)." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-10212009-100838/.

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Preservation of giant pandas, <i>Ailuropoda melanoleuca</i>, is a worldwide concern. This study was designed to examine dietary and reproductive challenges associated with panda management. Phytoestrogens are natural plant compounds that mimic estrogen and often negatively impact mammalian reproduction. Phytoestrogens in bamboo, the pandas primary food source, is unknown. Here, estrogen radioimmuno- and receptor-binding assays revealed estrogenic activity in three species of <i>Phyllostachys</i> bamboo. These results present indirect evidence of phytoestrogenic mimics in bamboo, but their rele

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27

Roberts, Matthew Eugene. "LONG-TERM TROPHIC SHIFTS AMONG FISHES AFTER EXTENSIVE MODIFICATION OF A SOUTHEASTERN U.S. RIVER SYSTEM." MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-10312008-135724/.

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Regulation of the Upper Tombigbee River and its incorporation into the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway has resulted in main-channel flows that differ from the pre-regulation condition. Flows differ in (1) magnitude: higher base flows, damped peak flows, and (2) variability: the river rises and falls faster and the number of reversals has increased. A shift in the trophic ecology of the resident fish assemblage corresponded with the altered hydrology. Assemblage-level trophic plasticity manifested through dietary shifts in species present during both time periods are coupled with changes to the ta

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28

Malachowski, Tammy L. "DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION OF GENETIC REGULATION AND SIGNALING OF THE DORSOVENTRAL AXIS OF PROTOSTOMES AND DEUTEROSTOMES." MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11042008-112347/.

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The placement of Metazoan species into correct clades has become of prime concern to the study of evolutionary development, since the most recent phylogeny of Metazoans indicates embryological divergence. Genetic regulatory networks have been extensively described for some species but not for others. This study examines possible divergence of bilaterians at the protostome-deuterostome divide by examining dorsoventral patterning genes. A specific maternally active gene, dorsal/rela, the final element in the maternal pathway, was found to be a driving force behind this divergence and was co-opte

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29

Kolhe, Ravindra Bharatrao. "ANGIOTENSIN II MEDIATED REGULATION OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN METABOLIC SYNDROME AND CANCER." MSSTATE, 2006. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11272006-194112/.

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Patients suffering from hypertension often develop non-Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), a condition caused by Insulin resistance. Though these patients have normal Insulin receptor (IR) and high levels of Insulin in blood, they fail to have IR-mediated signaling essential for glucose uptake and availability. NIDDM usually begins as insulin resistance, a condition in which Insulin Receptor (IR)-mediated signaling that leads to glucose uptake and glucose availability to cells is inhibited even in the presence of high levels of Insulin in blood. Mechanisms for the development of this

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30

Hellmold, Heike. "Toxicological and endocrinological aspects of cytochrome P450 in breast and lung /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1998/91-628-2787-1.

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Österholm, Anne-May. "Mutation profile at the HPRT locus in T-cells of non-smoking males /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/search/diss.se.cfm?19980605oste.

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Lonsdale, Jemma-Anne. "Developing an estuarine planning support system : a case study for the Humber Estuary, UK." Thesis, University of Hull, 2018. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16549.

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Estuaries are often challenging to manage, as management must strike a balance between the needs of the users and the ecological and economic values within the context of multiple legislative drivers. To help facilitate integrated management, a novel Estuarine Planning Support System (EPSS) framework, using the Humber Estuary in Eastern England as a case study, has been developed. This integrated EPSS framework goes beyond previous approaches as it brings together the legislative drivers, management tools and other mechanisms for controlling plans (formal/legal management, action or work plans

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Ethaeb, Ali Mahdi. "Elucidation of the signalling mechanisms involved in TF-mediated apoptosis in endothelial cells." Thesis, University of Hull, 2018. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16586.

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Tissue factor (TF) is the main initiator of blood coagulation. In addition to its procoagulant property, TF has the ability to regulate various functions within cells including proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis. These outcomes appear to depend on the amount of TF with which the cell comes into contact with. In this study, human dermal blood endothelial cells (HDBEC) were transfected to express wild-type TF which is released following the activation of PAR2 in a normal physiological response. In addition, a model for the accumulation of TF in vascular disease and cancer was used by expr

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34

Richardson, Andrew James. "Patterns of mussel bed infaunal community structure and function at local, regional and biogeographic scales." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:13238.

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Jones, Ashley. "Trace metal dynamics in mine-impacted, circum-neutral streams." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11405.

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Lehri, Burhan. "Lactobacillus fermentum 3872 genome sequencing and analysis." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/40907/.

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In recent years, there has been a rise in antimicrobial-resistant bacteria caused by overdependence on, and misuse of, antibiotics. This has led to an increase in research for identifying alternatives to combat pathogens. One promising means of combating pathogenic bacteria, particularly for those residing in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), is the use of probiotics. This thesis focuses on a potential probiotic strain Lactobacillus fermentum 3872, the genome sequence of which was circularised during the study, identifying genes that may contribute to probiotic activity. Several genes involved

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Jaksevicius, Andrius. "Elucidation of mechanisms by which culinary herbs and spices exert their inhibitory action on the growth of CRC cells in vitro." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41153/.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed types of cancer in the developed countries and the incidence is rising in the developing regions. Chronic inflammation, which is propagated by overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its major product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), plays a key role in the development of CRC. Culinary herbs and spices (CHS) are rich in polyphenols, have a high anti-oxidant capacity and possess anti-inflammatory activity. It has been shown that CHS inhibit the growth of CRC cells, however, their anti-carcinogenic mechanisms are mainly unknown. Hence,

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Holland, Sinead. "Investigating azoreductases and NAD(P)H dependent quinone oxidoreductases in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/40641/.

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'Psedomonas aeruginosa' is a prevalent nosocmial pathogen predominantly associated with infections in immune compromised individuals and long term colonisation and pathogenesis in the lungs of Cystic Fibrosis patients. With multi-drug resistant strains increasingly common, the discovery of novel targets for antimicrobial chemotherapy is of utmost importance and expansion of data on 'P. aeruginosa's' complex genome could facilitate this. Azoreductases are a group of enzymes mainly noted for their reductive capacity against azo and quinone compounds. Ubiquitous amongst many classes of organism i

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Hills, Daniel Richard. "In vitro characterisation of biological activity of novel nitric oxide donor compounds." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/40673/.

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Nitric oxide (NO), being a free radical, has a unique biological chemistry that, since its elucidation as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system, has been implicated in a range of diverse biological functions. Both cardiovascular disease, exacerbated by hypertension, and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections are major yet unavoidable public health concerns. Atypical NO synthesis may be a factor these pathologies and exogenous NO may provide an alternative therapeutic strategy when endogenous NO synthesis is atypically low. Furoxans are an old, yet largely untapped resource of ni

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Atkinson, Robert. "Probing cardiac metabolism in uraemic cardiomyopathy." Thesis, University of Hull, 2017. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16521.

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Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Uraemic cardiomyopathy (UCM) is characterised by structural and cellular remodelling including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), metabolic remodelling and mitochondrial dysfunction. Although ex vivo studies have highlighted evidence of enhanced glucose utilisation in the hypertrophied heart, cardiac glucose metabolism in uraemia has yet to be established in vivo. In addition, little is known about mitochondrial morphology or the impact of iron therapy on cardiac mitochondrial function i

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41

Paudyal, Basudev. "Investigation of nanoparticles induced cell responses in the presence of innate immune factors." Thesis, Kingston University, 2018. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41848/.

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Nanoparticles (NPs) are progressively being investigated for use in biomedical applications, including biological agents delivery like gene delivery, drug and protein delivery. Activation of complement pathways and interactions with immune recognition subcomponents can modulate the clearance of the NPs and subsequent inflammatory response. Such modulation could affect the intended translational applications either in the development as tissue-specific drug delivery platform or in the treatment of pulmonary diseases such as tuberculosis and lung cancer thus, poses challenges to develop them for

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42

Heidari, Farshad. "In vitro modulation of host immune response by the Varicella zoster virus ORF1 gene product." Thesis, Kingston University, 2017. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/41971/.

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Varicella-zoster virus causes chicken pox (Varicella) primary infection, which becomes latent in the dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia, and may reactivate to cause shingles, the most serious complication of which is post-herpetic neuralgia occurring in 50% of individuals over 60 years. Severity of lesions depends on host's immune response. Like many viruses, varicella-zoster virus appears to have evolved escape mechanisms from host immune surveillance by downregulating cell surface major histocompatibility complex class 1 expression and may delay of resolution of infection. Major hist

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Robbins, Amanda. "Particle size and biotic composition on Western Cape shores, including first description of the unique fauna of pebble and cobble beaches." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33902.

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Intertidal ecology research has focused primarily on sandy (grain size < 2mm), granule (2 –< 4mm), pebble (4 –< 64mm) or cobble (64 –< 256mm) shores, and only one on the biota of boulder (256+mm) shores. This study samples intermediate shore types (1 – 256mm) within the Western Cape for the first time and compares these with published data on other Western Cape shores to determine how many distinct habitat types occur across the full spectrum of particle sizes with a focus on describing the unique fauna of pebble and cobble shores. Chapter 1 reviews the literature to date on well-studied shore

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Van, Blerk Justin J. "The effect of altered rainfall seasonality on post-fire recovery of Fynbos and Renosterveld shrublands in the Cape Floristic Region." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33950.

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Shifting climate patterns are a cause for concern for natural ecosystems globally. Of particular concern is the effect of climate change on fire-prone, Mediterranean-type shrublands globally because of the heightened sensitivity of post-fire vegetation to environmental conditions. In this thesis, I focused on investigating the relationships between rainfall seasonality patterns and post-fire vegetation processes in neighbouring Fynbos and Renosterveld shrubland communities within the mega-diverse Cape Floristic Region of South Africa. I investigated vegetation sensitivity to moisture availabil

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Van, Munster Stephany. "Taxonomy and Life History of Gall Midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) on Drosanthemum and Malephora (Aizoaceae) in South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33962.

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South Africa is known for its highly endemic and remarkably species-rich fauna and flora. The Greater Cape Floristic Region, consisting of the Cape Floristic Region and the Succulent Karoo Region, is home to South Africa's second most diverse plant family, the Aizoaceae. While the Aizoaceae are relatively well studied, there has been little work done on their associated insect fauna. Preliminary observations in recent years revealed a diverse community of gall midges on these plants. This study aimed to investigate the gall midges associated with two speciose genera of Aizoaceae and it is the

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Woolley, Megan Rose. "Taxonomic and palaeobiological assessment of the South African mosasaurids." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33983.

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South African mosasaur remains consist of a frontal with articulating portions of the parietal and postorbitofrontals (SAM-PK-5265); two dentary fragments (SAM-PK-5265) assigned to ‘Tylosaurus capensis' by Broom in 1912 (SAM-PK-5265); an undescribed muzzle unit and associated isolated teeth (CGP/1/2265) from Pondoland and a more recently discovered isolated partial vertebra from St Lucia. Some research has been done on the material, but there is still uncertainty concerning their relationships and taxonomy. This research aims to provide a taxonomic assessment of all the SA mosasaurid material

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Woodgate, Zoe Anne. "Determinants of predator abundance in northern KwaZulu-Natal: top-down or bottom-up?" Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13032.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>As protected areas ultimately aim to successfully conserve natural predator populations, an understanding of the non-anthropogenic drivers of their population change is critical. Both bottom-up (e.g. food limitation, competition) and top-down (e.g. predation, interference) processes play an important role in structuring predator guilds, yet there is a poor understanding of their relative importance. Here, I investigated whether the relative abundance of mesopredators, facultative scavengers, and an apex predator were affected primarily by bottom-up proce

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Montoya-Sanhueza, Germán Andrés. "Functional anatomy, osteogenesis and bone microstructure of the appendicular system of African mole-rats (Rodentia: Ctenohystrica: Bathyergidae)." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32855.

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In comparison to their ecophysiological and behavioral aspects, the skeletal system of African mole-rats (Bathyergidae) has been relatively understudied. Only a few studies have assessed their skeletal system, but these have mostly focused on their cranial and dental systems, with little attention on their postcranial skeleton. This PhD thesis provides a considerable amount of information about the functional anatomy, morphological diversity and postnatal bone morphogenesis of the appendicular system of these subterranean mammals. African mole-rats are small mammals highly adapted to the hypog

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Mcclean, Luke Alexander. "Coevolution between brood-parasitic honeyguides and their hosts." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32856.

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Obligate brood parasites lay their eggs in the nests of other species, foisting the costs of parental care onto the host parents. The success of the parasite and host are then at odds, with both parties evolving defences and countermeasures in an evolutionary arms race. This reciprocal influence of acting upon both species' evolution — a process known as coevolution — has forged the natural world around us. Avian brood parasites and their hosts are now model systems for studying such coevolutionary interactions between species, providing striking examples of the adaptations that arise when the

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Naude, Vincent Norman. "Scale and impact of the illegal leopard skin trade for traditional use in southern Africa." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32936.

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While leopards (Panthera pardus) currently occupy the most extensive geographic range of all large felids, they are also suffering the highest rate of current range loss amongst large terrestrial carnivores. This is primarily because most leopards still range outside of formally protected areas where they are exposed to the full suite of anthropogenic threats affecting carnivores including habitat loss, prey depletion, conflict with humans, and commercial harvest for body parts. The extensive use of leopard derivatives among traditional healers, royalty, and culturo-religious groups poses a kn

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