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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Bullet injury"
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Cheng, Jason S., R. Mark Richardson, Alisa D. Gean, and Shirley I. Stiver. "Delayed acute spinal cord injury following intracranial gunshot trauma." Journal of Neurosurgery 116, no. 4 (2012): 921–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.12.jns111047.
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The authors report the case of a patient who presented with a hoarse voice and left hemiparesis following a gunshot injury with trajectory entering the left scapula, traversing the suboccipital bone, and coming to rest in the right lateral medullary cistern. Following recovery from the hemiparesis, abrupt quadriparesis occurred coincident with fall of the bullet into the anterior spinal canal. The bullet was retrieved following a C-2 and C-3 laminectomy, and postoperative MR imaging confirmed signal change in the cord at the level where the bullet had lodged. The patient then made a good neurological recovery. Bullets can fall from the posterior fossa with sufficient momentum to cause an acute spinal cord injury. Consideration for craniotomy and bullet retrieval should be given to large bullets lying in the CSF spaces of the posterior fossa as they pose risk for acute spinal cord injury.
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Park, S., J. Park, JM Kim, et al. " Penetrating cranial injury due to gunshot in a dog: a case report." Veterinární Medicína 55, No. 5 (2010): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2995-vetmed.
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A ten-month old, male Black and Tan Coonhound dog was referred with ocular bleeding due to gunshot injury. His mental state was normal. A computed tomography revealed that the bullet was planted in the left cranium. It was presumed that the trajectory of the bullet penetrated from the right medial angle of the eye to the orbit, and changed its track to caudo-dorsal by penetrating the cranium, ending up at the left cranium. The bullet was removed by lateral rostrotentorial craniectomy. No complications were observed during a one-year follow-up except the blindness in the right eye. This is a rare case of gunshot-induced traumatic brain injury featuring a bullet which went through the orbit into the cranium. The damaged frontal lobe seemed to show no neurological signs at the time of first examination in this case. In conclusion, a less aggressive surgical approach is recommended to remove bullets when they are accessible.
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Marraccini, John V., Kimberly Lentz, and Mark G. Mckenney. "Blood Pressure Effects of Thoracic Gunshot Wounds: The Role of Bullet Image Diameter." American Surgeon 67, no. 4 (2001): 354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480106700411.
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Differences in handgun bullet diameter, expansion, and penetration (no exit) versus perforation (with exit) may be the cause of variable blood pressure effects after thoracopulmonary injury. Forty nonlethal isolated gunshot wounds of the thorax were evaluated excluding wounds of the heart, great vessels, and spinal cord. Chest radiographs were assessed for bullet base diameter, bullet expansion, and wound length. Large bullets were defined as having radiographic base images of 9 mm or more in diameter. Systolic blood pressures were compared between penetrating large and small bullet groups and with perforating wounds. Response times and demographics were compared. Wounds caused by large bullet penetration resulted in lower initial systolic blood pressures than wounds caused by small bullet penetration (98 vs 125 mm Hg, P < 0.05). The average age, transport time, and wound length were similar among the bullet groups. We conclude that penetrating thoracopulmonary wounds caused by large bullets resulted in lower initial systolic blood pressure.
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Liu, Susu, C. Xu, Y. Wen, G. Li, and J. Zhou. "Assessment of bullet effectiveness based on a human vulnerability model." Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 164, no. 3 (2017): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2017-000855.
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IntroductionPenetrating wounds from explosively propelled fragments and bullets are the most common causes of combat injury. There is a requirement to assess the potential effectiveness of bullets penetrating human tissues in order to optimise preventive measures and wound trauma management.MethodsAn advanced voxel model based on the Chinese Visible Human data was built. A digital human vulnerability model was established in combination with wound reconstruction and vulnerability assessment rules, in which wound penetration profiles were obtained by recreating the penetration of projectiles into ballistic gelatin. An effectiveness evaluation method of bullet penetration using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) was developed and solved using the Monte Carlo sampling method.ResultsThe effectiveness of rifle bullets was demonstrated to increase with increasing velocity in the range of 300–700 m/s. When imparting the same energy, the effectiveness of the 5.56 mm bullet was higher than the 7.62 mm bullet in this model.ConclusionsThe superimposition of simulant penetration profiles produced from ballistic gelatin simulant has been used to predict wound tracts in damaged tissues. The authors recognise that determining clinical effectiveness based on the AIS scores alone without verification of outcome by review of clinical hospital records means that this technique should be seen more as a manner of comparing the effectiveness of bullets than an injury prediction model.
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Tsymbaliuk, V., I. Lurin, K. Gumeniuk, et al. "Modeling of wound ballistics in biological tissues simulators." Medicni perspektivi 28, no. 1 (2023): 37–48. https://doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2023.1.275866.
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Modern weapons cause severe damage, accompanied by high rates of complications and mortality. The investigation of such kinds of weapons is in high demand considering the ongoing active phase war against Ukraine since February 2022. In order to understand the pathological processes that occur in and outside the gunshot wound, we conducted an experimental study using mathematical simulation. The results presented in the article will help to choose the appropriate surgical management and improve the results of treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the damaging effect of a 5.45 mm 7N6M bullet and a 5.45 mm V-max expansive bullet using numerical modeling of wound canals in ballistic plasticine. The Ansys Explicit Dynamics engineering complex was used to simulate the dynamics of the bullet’s motion. The basic equations, solved by the explicit dynamic analysis, express the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy in Lagrange coordinates. Together with the material model and the set of initial and boundary conditions, they determine the complete solution to the problem. Taking into account that the initial velocity of the bullet is 1185 m/s at a mass of 3.9 g, we obtain energy 2740 J. All this energy acts at the area of the wound canal with a depth of 150 mm. Injury with a conventional 7N6M bullet is characterized by the fact that it passes through the block and loses only part of the kinetic energy. The simulation results showed that the velocity of the bullet at the outlet is 220 m/s. Taking into account the initial velocity of the bullet 918 m/s with a mass of 3.4 g, we obtain the kinetic energy acting on the walls of the wound canal with a depth of 200 mm of about 830 J. Mathematic analyses showed that the expansive bullet has a soft core that deforms and transfers all the kinetic energy to the tissues immediately after penetration into the tissues. The loss of kinetic energy of the bullet (ΔE, J) is defined as the difference between the kinetic energy at the time of injury (Ec, J) and the residual energy of the bullet when leaving the material (Er, J). Numerical modeling of wound ballistics in biological tissue simulators allows us to determine with high accuracy the features of wound canal formation and tissue response to damage of bullets having different kinetic energy, which contributes to the choice of adequate surgical management during surgery for gunshot wounds.
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Kobayashi, Masahiko, and Paul F. Mellen. "Rubber Bullet Injury." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 30, no. 3 (2009): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/paf.0b013e318187dfa8.
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Richards, J. Scott, Samuel L. Stover, and Theresa Jaworski. "Effect of bullet removal on subsequent pain in persons with spinal cord injury secondary to gunshot wound." Journal of Neurosurgery 73, no. 3 (1990): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1990.73.3.0401.
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✓ The prevention or minimization of future pain is often cited as a reason for removal of the bullet from patients who have incurred a spinal cord injury secondary to a gunshot wound. In an attempt to examine this assumption, multimodal pain ratings were recorded for 14 patients with spinal cord injury due to a gunshot wound in whom the bullet was still present, 14 neurologically matched patients with spinal cord injury due to a gunshot wound in whom the bullet was removed, and 28 control patients with spinal cord injury unrelated to a gunshot wound who were neurologically matched to the first two groups. The results suggest that persons who sustain a spinal cord injury secondary to gunshot wounds report more pain than those injured in other ways. In addition, there was no indication that surgical removal of the bullet was helpful in reducing subsequent pain either early in the rehabilitation process or at 1 year postinjury. The location of the bullet and the type of pain that subsequently developed were not correlated with the initial decision to surgically remove the bullet. Implications for further study and clinical practice are discussed.
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Povstyaniy, Vitalii, Volodymyr Mishalov, Oleksandr Petrochak, Oleksii Sokolov, and Vitalii Levchenko. "DETERMINATION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF A LETHAL BULLET INJURY TO THE HEAD DUE TO A PROJECTILE RICOCHET TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EXPERIMENTALLY FIRED BULLETS." Forensic-medical examination, no. 1 (July 31, 2024): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.1.2024.10.
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Gunshot wounds always occupy one of the leading places in the structure of violent mortality, however, there is not enough information in the specialised literature that highlights the distinct individual characteristics of projectiles (bullets) that were removed from a biological object and became the instrument of death, and when they ricochet (collide with an obstacle) after a series of experimental shots. Aim: To determine the possibility of causing a fatal bullet injury to the head after the ricochet of a projectile from the road surface, taking into account the analysis of the morphological characteristics of experimentally fired bullets. Material and methods. The archival material of the SSI "Main Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" ("Expert conclusion") was used. The objects of the study were: bones of the skull of the victim gr. K, gunshot wounds on the head (entrance, exit hole, wound channel), as well as bullets up to 9 mm cartridges of the "Makarov" pistol, namely 1) one bullet removed from the cranial cavity after an autopsy and 2) 6 bullets removed after an experimental series of shots into the road surface. Their characteristics were studied using standard methods generally accepted in forensic medicine and standard methods of variational statistics. Results. During arrest by a law enforcement officer, the man received a fatal gunshot wound to the head with a 9 mm bullet. There was an entrance hole in the occipital bone, a wound channel in the cranial cavity at an angle of approximately 130° to the midline of the body, and a depressed fracture of the frontal bone. A series of experimental shots with 9mm bullets revealed the remains (fragments) of the asphalt coating and their marked deformation, which was not the case with the bullet that caused the fatal wound. Ballistic analysis showed that the angle of movement of the bullet in the cranial cavity was 30°. Conclusion. According to the circumstances contained in the criminal case materials and established during the forensic examination, the bullet wound could not have been caused by the ricochet of the bullet from the asphalt pavement, since no remains (fragments) of the obstacle with which the bullet collided were found, and its deformation does not correspond to the results of the forensic shooting and ballistic examination.
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Špakauskas, Bronius, Kazys Ambrozaitis, and Egidijus Kontautas. "The bullet in the dural sac. How to catch it? A report of two cases." Medicina 43, no. 6 (2007): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina43060059.
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Objective. The purpose of this article is to present two cases of penetrating gunshot injuries to the lumbar spine with migration of the bullets within the dural sac and to describe the method of removal of the bullet from the dural sac. Material and methods. Two cases of penetrating gunshot injuries to the lumbar spine with migration of the bullets within the dural sac are presented. Clinical course, diagnostic tools, and management of two patients who suffered from these injuries are illustrated. The method of removal of the bullet from the dural sac is described too. Results. The wounds in these two cases healed without infection. The neurological status of our patients improved gradually. Radiographs taken 2 years after the injury did not demonstrate the postoperative instability of the lumbar spine. Conclusions. The bullet in the dural sac at the level of the cauda equina must be removed. The method proposed by us can facilitate this procedure.
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Friedman, Ariella A., Quoc-Dien Trinh, Sanjeev Kaul, and Akshay Bhandari. "Complete endoscopic management of a retained bullet in the bladder." Canadian Urological Association Journal 7, no. 1-2 (2013): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.258.
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A 25-year-old male gunshot victim presented at our institution with gross hematuria following Foley catheter insertion. Computed tomography and cystogram did not show a bladder perforation, but were notable for a left ischial fracture and the presence of a bullet within the bladder. After failed attempts at retrieving the bullet with a resectoscope and loop, as well as a cystoscope and stone crusher, a 26 French nephroscope was inserted transurethrally, and the bullet was successfully engaged and removed using a Perc NCircle (Cook Medical, Bloomington, IN) grasper. The extraperitoneal injury was managed conservatively with catheter drainage. To our knowledge, this represents the first case of successful transurethral management of a retained intravesical bullet. Such an approach may benefit patients with retained intravesical bullets or other challenging intravesical foreign bodies and may be helpful in select circumstances to spare patients from more extensive surgeries.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Bullet injury"
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Honoré, Axel. "Effet des Cellules Gliales Olfactives issues des Bulbes Olfactifs sur les cellules souches épendymaires et leur progénie après une lésion médullaire." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR060/document.
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Les lésions médullaires traumatiques (LMT) conduisent à une atteinte des voies nerveuses sensitives et motrices. Leur taux de mortalité reste très élevé, d'où la nécessité de trouver de nouveaux traitements. Les Cellules Gliales Olfactives (CGOs) représentent un candidat intéressant de par leur fonction au sein du système olfactif primaire. La découverte d'une population de cellule souche neurale bordant le canal central de la moelle spinale (MS) adulte, appelées cellules épendymaires, suscite un nouvel espoir dans le domaine des biothérapies. Ce travail de thèse a permis d'étudier l'effet d'une transplantation de CGOs sue le comportement des cellules résidentes de la moelle spinale et notamment les cellules souches épendymaires qui, en association avec les astrocytes et les péricytes, participent aux mécanismes de guérison des LMT. L'utilisation du modèle murin hFoxJ1-CreERT2::YFP (permettant le suivi spécifique des cellules épendymaires et de leur progénie), a montré que les CGOs augmentaient in vitro le potentiel d'auto-renouvellement des cellules souches de la MS et modifiaient leur voie de différenciation vers un type neural. In vivo, la transplantation de CGOs augmente la prolifération des cellules épendymaires ainsi que leur différenciation en astrocytes hypo-réactifs conduisant à la formation d'un environnement post-lésionnel bénéfique à la survie neuronal et l'établissement d'une neurogenèse. Nos travaux ont montré pour la première fois que la transplantation de CGOs après LMT permettait la génération de nouveaux neurones. Ceci constitue un nouvel espoir dans l'établissement de stratégies thérapeutiques pour le traitement des LMT chez l'Homme<br>The spinal cord injuries (SCI) lead to the damages of the spinal cord or nerves and often cause permanent changes in body functions leading to the death. Cell therapies have raised great hope for regenerative medicine. Clinical data showed that the olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) enhanced functional recovery after SCI and could be a very attractive therapeutic approach. Moreover, the discovery of a new endogenous resident stem cell population, lining the central canal of the spinal cord, named ependymal stem cells, represents a new hope for the therapy. This thesis analyzed the role of OECs transplantation, on the behaviour of ependymal stem cells since these cells, together with astrocytes and pericytes significantly contribute to the recovery of SCI. The use of the mouse model hFoxJ1-CreERT2::YFP (allowing to specifically follow the ependymal stem cells ant their progeny) showed that OECs increased in vitro the self-renewal potential of spinal cord stem cells and modified their differentiation pathway towards a neural type. In vivo, OECs transplantation significantly increases the proliferation of ependymal cells and their differenciation into hypo-reactive astrocytes leading to the formation of a beneficial environment to neuronal survival and the neurogenesis establishment. Our results also showed for the first time that OECs transplantation after SCI allows the generation of new neurons by non-ependymal cell-derived progenitors. These results represent a new hope in the establishment of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of SCI in humans
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Chen, Jiaqi. "Design of vehicle frontal protection systems capable of meeting future pedestrian safety requirements." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/96270/1/Jiaqi_Chen_Thesis.pdf.
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This research project develops an advanced computer model for the new design of Toyota Vehicle Frontal Protection System (VFPS) in terms of the future pedestrian safety requirements. The research method is based on the numerical simulation of dynamic vehicle-pedestrian collisions following New Car Assessment Program protocols. The numerical models which were validated by experimental data can accurately predict the Toyota VFPS products of pedestrian-friendliness.
Książki na temat "Bullet injury"
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Reade, Michael C., and Peter D. Thomas. Pathophysiology of ballistic trauma. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0339.
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Bullets and other projectiles cause ballistic trauma. Explosions wound by the effect of a blast pressure wave, penetrating fragments propelled by the explosion, the mass movement of gas interacting with the casualty or the environment, and miscellaneous effects. Most blast casualties surviving to hospital care will not have significant pressure wave injury, but some will. Blast fragmentation most commonly resembles other types of low energy transfer ballistic trauma.. The effect of bullets depends on the kinetic energy transferred and the nature of the tissues struck, with energy transfer partly determined by bullet design. Low energy transfer bullets wound by crushing and laceration, limited to the tissues struck. High energy bullets may impart kinetic energy to surrounding tissues, causing a temporary cavity which sucks in debris and damages tissues sometimes well beyond the bullet track. Predicting the extent of devitalization can be difficult at the time of initial inspection. Wound contamination, particularly with soil, may modify the usual conservative approach to initial debridement.
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Pederson, Joshua. Sin Sick. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501755873.001.0001.
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This book draws on the latest research about identifying and treating the pain of perpetration to advance and deploy a literary theory of moral injury that addresses fictional representations of the mental anguish of those who have injured or killed others. The book foregrounds moral injury, a recent psychological concept distinct from trauma that is used to describe the psychic wounds suffered by those who breach their own deeply held ethical principles. Complementing writings on trauma theory that posit the textual manifestation of trauma as absence, the book argues that moral injury appears in literature in a variety of forms of excess. The author closely reads works by Dostoevsky (Crime and Punishment), Camus (The Fall), and veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan (Brian Turner's Here, Bullet; Kevin Powers' The Yellow Birds; Phil Klay's Redeployment; and Roy Scranton's War Porn), contending that recognizing and understanding the suffering of perpetrators, without condoning their crimes, enriches the experience of reading — and of being human.
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Greaves, Ian, and Paul Hunt. Conventional Weapons: Explosives and Ballistics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199238088.003.0011.
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Chapter 11 covers information on injury from bullets, types of weapon, bombs and blast injury, suicide bombers, managing the scene of a shooting, managing the scene of an explosion, preservation of evidence, and human remains.
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Ollendick, Thomas H., Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.001.0001.
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This comprehensive, 51-chapter handbook presents recent advances in the expression, etiology, assessment, and treatment of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders and related problems from a developmental psychopathology perspective. Following a broad conceptual overview of this area of clinical research and practice, assessment and treatment practices are examined for specific DSM-5 disorders and other nondiagnostic but nonetheless significant problems in childhood and adolescence, including the maltreatment of youth, children of divorce, children with incarcerated parents, nonsuicidal self-injury among youth, youth with suicidal thoughts and behavior, children who bully or are bullied, youth with medical conditions, and youth with neurobehavioral disorders. The practice of clinical child and adolescent psychology is then explored in diverse settings, including school, community mental health, outpatient, inpatient, forensic, and private practice settings. Implementation of evidence-based practices in these settings may help close the oft-cited gap between research and clinical practice. Finally, timely topics are presented that will likely influence mental health care and research with children and adolescents over the next couple of decades, namely, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying psychopathology and treatment, electronic and telehealth delivery developments, cognitive training methods and technology, transdiagnostic approaches, and pediatric psychopharmacology. The volume concludes with special attention to the dissemination of evidence-based assessment and treatment practices.
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Kaaland, Christie, and William Lokey. Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Recovery in School Libraries. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400645006.
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When disaster strikes, school librarians can play a key role in keeping kids safe. This is the only book written specifically to provide school librarians with emergency preparedness and recovery tools as wrell as curricular tie-ins. No school is immune to disaster, whether in the form of a natural event like a tornado or a tragedy like the violence that occurred at Sandy Hook Elementary School. The key to minimizing injury or death in an emergency is preparednesssomething the school librarian is uniquely positioned to lead. This must-have book will show you how to be proactive in getting your school ready for the worst. It provides comprehensive preparedness and recovery plans, check lists, and curricular recommendations on preparedness that can be tailored to your individual library and community. Covering natural disasters, human-made disasters, and school violence, the book shows you how to conduct drills, assess vulnerabilities and risk, communicate preparedness plans, and use bibliotherapy for disaster recovery. It also describes how your library can be a safe haven for students who feel disconnected, bullied, or othenvise disenfranchised. Although the book is primarily intended for school librarians, classroom teachers will also find many ideas here for helping students be better prepared for disasters, whatever their cause or severity.
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Rasmussen, Sonja A., and Richard A. Goodman, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190933692.001.0001.
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The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual is the definitive resource for the most up-to-date guidance for epidemiologists and other experts conducting field investigations to address acute public health concerns that require prompt action. This latest edition (an update of the 3rd edition of the popular book Field Epidemiology, edited by Dr. Michael Gregg) offers practical advice to guide investigators through the core elements of field investigations, beginning with initiating operations and ending with developing interventions and communicating findings to the public. The manual also provides special considerations to address challenges that often arise during field investigations, such as addressing legal issues, working with multiple state and federal agencies, navigating a multinational outbreak investigation, and working within an incident management structure. The manual includes updated information on using new tools for field investigations, such as the latest technologies for data collection and management and incorporating data from geographic information systems (GIS). Finally, the manual includes tips for investigations in a wide variety of settings, including healthcare and community congregate settings, and different types of outbreaks, including acute enteric disease outbreaks, those suspected to be related to intentional use of biologic and toxic agents, and outbreaks of suicide, violence, and other forms of injury. The manual is written primarily for epidemiologists who will be conducting field investigations in local, state, federal, or international settings. However, others who contribute to field investigations (e.g., laboratory scientists, lawyers, experts in public policy and communications) will also find the book to be an excellent source of information. The manual is written in an easily readable format, including boxes and bulleted points, to provide greater utility for investigators in the field.
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Rooke, Margaret. You Can Change The World. Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781805017974.
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**Joint Gold Winner of the Moonbeam Multicultural Non-Fiction Award 2019** This inspirational book tells the stories of more than 50 of today's teenagers who've dared to change the world they live in. It's been written to show other teens they can do the same. Bestselling author Margaret Rooke asks teens about their experiences of being volunteers, social entrepreneurs and campaigners, online and beyond. They explain how they have survived in a world often obsessed by celebrity, social media and appearance, by refusing to conform to other's expectations. If you want to achieve against the odds and create genuine impact, this book may be the encouragement you need. The interviews cover race, sexuality, violence, grief, neurodiversity, bullying and other issues central to life today. Read about teens from around the world including - Trisha, 18, who has invented a way of preventing bullying online - Dillon, 18, who takes damaged and donated clothing and upcycles it for the homeless - Guro, 13, who persuaded a pop band to portray women differently in its video - 'Happy D', 19, who learned to read at 14 and found ways to build his confidence - Heraa, 19, who fights Islamophobia online. - Ruben, 18, bullied because of Down's Syndrome, now a successful actor - Lucy who, at 14, walked into Tesco head office and persuaded them not to sell eggs from caged hens. - Cameron, 17, who has cerebral palsy and was side-lined by soccer teams who set up his own team 'Adversity United' - Alex, 18, who broke his back on his 15th birthday and says his injury has taught him to care for others - Amika, 18, who fights 'Period Poverty' - Jesse, 15, who's seven feet tall and embraces his stature - Billy, 18, who wore full make up every day at high school
Części książek na temat "Bullet injury"
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Roisentul, A., and D. Lesmes. "Craniomaxillofacial Bullet Injury." In Complicated War Trauma and Care of the Wounded. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53339-1_28.
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Breeze, John, and Debra J. Carr. "Energised Fragments, Bullets and Fragment Simulating Projectiles." In Blast Injury Science and Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21867-0_18.
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Sheridan, Daniel J., Katherine R. Nash, Christine A. Poulos, Lynne Fauerbach, and Sandra Watt. "Soft Tissue and Cutaneous Injury Patterns." In Intimate Partner Violence. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195179323.003.0017.
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Abstract Most injuries caused by intimate partner violence (IPV) are minor in relation to medical seriousness but are very important in the forensic care of victims of violence. In general, accidental injuries tend to occur in the more distal portion of extremities, whereas intentional, abusive injuries are generally more proximal. Abrasions can occur from assaults from dragging along rough surfaces, from fingernail scratches, and/or from being struck with an object with a rough surface. Health providers should identify bullet wounds but exercise extreme caution before characterizing the wounds as an “entrance” or an “exit” wound.
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Kumar Prajapat, Naveen, Bhagwan Singh, Manish Saini, Jatin Mahawar, and Sourabh Jain. "Recently Made progress in the Shear Thickening Fluid - A Review." In SCRS Proceedings of International Conference of Undergraduate Students, 2023rd ed. Soft Computing Research Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/978-81-95502-01-1-11.
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This review paper explained in detail about shear thickening fluid and its application in various fields ballistic protection, body armour,shock absorber and damping devices and strengthened the impact energy absorption of aramid fabrics and polymers over the last 4 years. In this paper we explained the different application as per based on different materials. Shear thickening fluid is vital application in ballistic protection where we can save our life. Various types of materials is used as per different characteristics and bullet not enter directly when we wear aramid fabrics and polymer based cloth. This way we can avoid getting more injury.
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Cummings, Brian. "The Book Incarnate." In Bibliophobia. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192847317.003.0017.
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The metaphor of the book as body is one of the oldest known, but is it a metaphor? Stories abound of books being punished as if they were human bodies, or alternatively of books acting as miraculous saviours in relation to human injury or death in war. While these cases reach back to the sixteenth- and seventeenth-century wars of religion (and long before) they are also found in the twentieth century, in the First World War, from which prayer-books have survived with bullet holes. The chapter argues for a mimetic relationship between the book as container and its human owners. This is investigated finally via the Ragyndrudis Codex from the Carolingian era. It acts as a martyred book, in place of the saint, but it also suggests what Roland Barthes called ‘book-life’, the capacity of a book to frame human subjectivity.
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Kumar Puranik, Ashok, and Althea Vency Cardoz. "Animal Attack, Goring Injuries." In Topics in Trauma Surgery [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108438.
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The most common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in the age group of 10–49 years is road traffic accidents. Other than road traffic accidents multiple other factors add to the burden of injuries which include self-harm, occupational hazards, animal attack injuries and industrial accidents. Animal attack injuries are seen all over the world. Other than a few case reports and case series, this mode of injury is highly under-reported. Hence, the global burden of this disease is unknown. Due to the rapid deforestation, the number of animal attack injuries is increasing. These injuries can be caused by wild as well as domesticated animals. The attack can be due to a direct encounter with an animal or due to road traffic accident. Bulls are ferocious animals that are used for sporting events. They are also used for farming and livestock rearing. Injuries caused by bulls can be due to direct attacks by an unprovoked animal, road traffic accidents, or sporting events. The penetrating injury caused by the bull horn has its characteristic pattern. Treatment of bull horn injuries requires a multidisciplinary team. Creating awareness and enforcing laws can help in preventing such injuries.
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Lal, Rattan. "Earth." In Rupture. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192865083.003.0004.
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Abstract It is a story in flashback. The narrator and Jala Sahab (nickname Joal in childhood) are in Jammu recalling the game of tipcat they played in Kashmir before migration. They were three friends: the narrator, Joal, and Banna. There was curfew outside on the day they played the game and their mothers were worried about their safety. Then they saw a man injured on the carrier of a cycle. He had received a bullet in his foot. Now, many years after their exile from Kashmir, their homes are two mounds of earth on which Muslim boys are playing.
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Green, Reuben Keith. "Sailing Second Class." In Black Officer, White Navy. University Press of Kentucky, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9781985900301.003.0012.
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This chapter begins by introducing the moral injury experienced by the author during his first shore duty tour as an officer, which began on day one. The author describes the abusive, racist and unprofessional treatment he endured while serving under his first commanding officer, who hailed from Alabama, and his second, who was only eight months his senior. Further conflict arose, this time with the Base Commander who ordered a Naval Audit Service inspection of his primary of two department head assignments, and his vindication. This chapter offers additional accounts of being undermined, gaslighted, bullied, denied resources, experiencing psychological abuse, and being assigned responsibilities outside his without the author receiving recognition for their successful accomplishment. Matters come to a head as the author recounts filing a formal discrimination complaint. Days later, the suicide of CNO Boorda leads the author to pull his previous complaint and file his retirement papers instead.
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Zhang, Yu, and Ziguang Chen. "Design for Child-Friendly Environment in Primary and Secondary Schools Aims at Safe Society." In Research Anthology on School Shootings, Peer Victimization, and Solutions for Building Safer Educational Institutions. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5360-2.ch031.
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School bullying has plagued schools with violence for quite some time and exerts a serious negative impact on society. Primary and secondary school can be looked at like a micro-society composed of students, teachers, and staff where students can suffer serious injury, physically and mentally, at the hands of school bullies. It is therefore urgent to reduce the prevalence of school bullying in hopes of eliminating it altogether. The present research aims to encourage social safety promotion through the study of crime prevention through environmental design theory and an exploration of characteristics of school bullying in primary and secondary schools. From there, environmental design strategies such as improved spatial interaction, a sense of safe territory, dedicated space for various activities, and positive emotions in child-friendly spaces are proposed. The outcome of this research hopes to improve campus security and reduce and prevent school bullying while guiding architectural design for primary and secondary school campus design.
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Zhang, Yu, and Ziguang Chen. "Design for Child-Friendly Environment in Primary and Secondary Schools Aims at Safe Society." In Practice and Progress in Social Design and Sustainability. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4183-7.ch008.
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School bullying has plagued schools with violence for quite some time and exerts a serious negative impact on society. Primary and secondary school can be looked at like a micro-society composed of students, teachers, and staff where students can suffer serious injury, physically and mentally, at the hands of school bullies. It is therefore urgent to reduce the prevalence of school bullying in hopes of eliminating it altogether. The present research aims to encourage social safety promotion through the study of crime prevention through environmental design theory and an exploration of characteristics of school bullying in primary and secondary schools. From there, environmental design strategies such as improved spatial interaction, a sense of safe territory, dedicated space for various activities, and positive emotions in child-friendly spaces are proposed. The outcome of this research hopes to improve campus security and reduce and prevent school bullying while guiding architectural design for primary and secondary school campus design.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Bullet injury"
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Vitkov, Nikolai. "Case Study of Incident with Voltage up to 1000V - Electrical Injury and Their Causes." In 2024 16th Electrical Engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/bulef63204.2024.10794840.
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Kloppenborg, Nick, Tara Amenson, Jacob Wernik, and John Wiechel. "Vehicle and Occupant Response in Low-Speed Go-Kart Crash Tests." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53585.
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Go-karts are a common amusement park feature enjoyed by people of all ages. While intended for racing, contact between go-karts does occur. To investigate and quantify the accelerations and forces which result from contact, 44 low-speed impacts were conducted between a stationary (target) and a moving (bullet) go-kart. The occupant of the bullet go-kart was one of two human volunteers. The occupant of the target go-kart was a Hybrid III 50th percentile male anthropomorphic test device (ATD). Impact configurations consisted of rear-end impacts, frontal impacts, side impacts, and oblique impacts. Results demonstrated high repeatability for the vehicle performance and occupant response. Go-kart accelerations and velocity changes increased with increased impact speed. Impact duration and restitution generally decreased with increased impact speed. All ATD acceleration, force, and moment values increased with increased impact speed. Common injury metrics such as the Head Injury Criterion (HIC), Nij, and Nkm were calculated and were found to be fairly low. These results indicate that the potential for serious injury is low during low-speed go-kart impacts.
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Nsiampa, N., and F. Coghe. "MODELING OF SCHUBERTH HELMET UNDER BALLISTIC IMPACT FOR HEAD INJURY ASSESSMENT." In 34th International Symposium on Ballistics. Destech Publications, Inc., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics25/37224.
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A finite element model is developed to simulate the ballistic performance of the Schuberth helmet under 9x19 mm FMJ (Full Metal Jacket) bullet impact. The Schuberth helmet is a poly-aramid composite helmet, manufactured by Schuberth, formerly used by the Belgian Army as personal protection equipment. The model is validated on the basis of experimental data obtained during tests carried out within the Department of Weapon Systems and Ballistics (ABAL) of the Royal military Academy (RMA) using helmets of the same size at four different locations (front, left and right and crown). The metrics used for the model validation are the maximum Back Face Deflection (BFD) and the deflection time curves corresponding to the helmet back face dynamics. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique is used for this purpose. Results show good agreement between numerical and experimental data. The validated model is then applied to simulate ballistic impacts on the Schuberth helmet mounted on an in-house head finite element head model to further investigate the risk of Behind Helmet Blunt Trauma.
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Lucas, Scott R., Joseph C. McGowan, Robert S. Salzar, Christopher Planchak, and James E. Getz. "Biomechanical Assessment of Small Craft Collisions." In SNAME Chesapeake Power Boat Symposium. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/cpbs-2010-009.
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Six staged watercraft collisions were performed to assess the corresponding boat dynamics and boat operator kinematics. Each boat was operated remotely through a series of handheld radio transmitters capable of controlling steering, throttle, and a master kill switch. The impact angles varied and the differences in traveling speed between the impacted (target) boat and the striking (bullet) boat just prior to impact was approximately 20 knots. Triaxial accelerometers mounted to the deck of each boat provided sensor data that was measured and recorded using several MotionMaster EDR-6DOF recorders. Hybrid-II anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) were placed in occupant positions and their resulting kinematics recorded. Deck triaxial acceleration data was used as input to a lumped-mass human dynamics model (MADYMO) to understand occupant kinematics and potential for injury. Noted results include the presence of large vertical (z-axis) deck accelerations. Results were analyzed to assess expectations regarding occupant kinematics as a function of speed, attitude, positions of target and bullet craft, as well as boat design parameters. The role of grip strength in the ability of an occupant to hold on to available railings in the face of an imminent collision was assessed. The collision geometry was analyzed in terms of USCG Rules requirements and expectations regarding operation in extremis. Within the impact velocities and angles studied in this test series, results indicated a low risk of head and neck injuries during the first phase of the collisions.
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Bussone, William R., Reza Koiler, Jamie Benda, Nicholas Carney, Andres Geffard, and Samantha Sam. "Occupant Kinematics During Chain-Collisions: Discrete vs Combined Collisions." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-2489.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">There is little prior research into chain-collisions, despite their relatively large contribution to injury and harm in motor-vehicle collisions. This study conducted a series of rear-impact, front-impact, and chain-collision impacts using a bumper car ride at an active amusement park as a proxy for automobiles. The purpose was to begin to identify the threshold time range when separate, discrete collisions transition into a hybrid or combined chain-collision mode and provide bases for future analyses. The test series consisted of rear impacts into an occupied target vehicle from a driven bullet vehicle; frontal impacts into a perimeter barrier (wall); chain-collisions consisting of a driven bullet vehicle striking an occupied primary target vehicle, which then collided with a non-occupied secondary target vehicle; and chain-collisions consisting of a driven bullet vehicle striking an occupied primary target vehicle which then collided with a wall. Time between collisions was adjusted via spacing. Vehicle impact velocities, changes in velocity (delta-Vs), accelerations, and coefficients of restitution are reported. Head and extremity excursions of the restrained occupant of the primary target vehicle were also tracked using high-speed video recording. The results show that chain-collisions exhibited three phases: an early phase that occurs during the initial rearward occupant excursion, a middle phase that occurs during the forward rebound occupant excursion, and a late phase that occurs while the occupant is recovering back to the initial position. The first phase appears to last for approximately 150 ms, the middle phase for approximately 50 to 75 ms, and the late phase from thereafter until approximately 400 ms to 500 ms after the initial collision. The middle phase appears to be related to the timing of the occupant’s return to their original position and their maximum rebound velocity and the late phase to the remaining occupant displacement but not velocity. Overall, occupant and vehicle kinematics during a chain-collision were different from those of the individual component collisions and were different from a superposition of the component collisions. This is the first reporting of these phases in a chain-collision.</div></div>
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AN, SHUO, XUEJIAO MA, FANGDONG DONG, WENMIN YAN, and TIANLONG ZHANG. "STUDY ON BLUNT IMPACT DEFECT OF BIONIC UPPER HUMAN TORSO." In 32ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36199.
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In order to explore the injury mechanism of human upper torso under soft protection, ballistic tests were carried out to simulate blunt effect of target on upper torso of bionic dummy under soft protection. Acceleration, pressure, force and other parameters are used to reflect the biological characteristics and injuries of human body under blunt impact effect. The acceleration, pressure, force and other parameters of each part were recorded by impacting the heart, liver, left and right lungs and spleen and stomach at five bullet speeds. Through comparative analysis of different parts of the incident, the parameters of each part of the comparison, study on the impact on the human body. The study of the test results is of great significance to the evaluation and testing of individual soldier protective gear and the study of the damage effect of anti-personnel ammunition on the protected personnel.
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COLDWELL, DOUGLAS. "REVIEW OF TERMINAL BALLISTICS OF A BULLET IN THE HUMAN BODY." In 32ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36165.
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The terminal ballistics of a projectile in the human body are reviewed, both the theory, experimental data, and their implications for medical/surgical treatment. The focus of the past century has been to increase the kinetic energy of the bullet but ignoring the material from which the bullet, firing chamber, and target are made. The more efficient delivery of this kinetic energy to the target is proportional to the damage caused. The bullet causes a tract through the impacted tissues that is related to the size of the projectile, but the accompanying shock wave causes a much larger temporary cavity which, depending on the structure and elasticity of the tissue, will stay patent for only 2-4sec. Surgical resection of the permanent tract containing injured tissue, bullet fragments, and contaminated material is initially performed followed by the repair of the tissues injured by the bullet.
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HAN, RUIGUO, BIN QIN, and WENMIN YAN. "AN ASSESSMENT METHOD OF BEHIND ARMOR BLUNT TRAUMA BASED ON STUN ENERGY." In 32ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36196.
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In order to effectively conduct the evaluation of behind armor blunt trauma (BABT), the stun energy induced by the pressure wave was proposed to evaluate the injury level of BABT. The expression of the stun energy was derived according to the relation between the stress wave propagation in the gelatin and the stun energy. The experiments of several typical bullets impacting gelatin covered with armor were carried out to validate the method of stun energy, and the characteristic parameters of stun energy, the maximum pressure and the pressure impulse were obtained. The assessment results based on stun energy and the score of Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) in the biological experiments were compared, and it was indicated that the stun energy in the gelatin impacted by different bullets was consistent with the score of MAIS. The evaluation method based on stun energy can be used to quantitatively measure the effects of behind armor blunt trauma.
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Murphy, Patrick. "Use and misuse of lasers at protests." In ILSC 2023: Proceedings of the International Laser Safety Conference. Laser Institute of AmericaLIA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/7.0001441.
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Laser pointers, and more powerful handheld lasers, have been used at protests as early as 2008. In the past few years usage has escalated dramatically, with lasers at protests in Chile, Hong Kong and the United States making worldwide news. Uses include intentionally interfering with law enforcement officers and cameras, and to visually draw attention in a manner similar to waving signs and banners. Usage to interfere has resulted in numerous claims of eye injury to law enforcement officers. Many of these claims appear to reference flashblindness/afterimage type temporary effects. There have been a few claims of officers with serious and/or permanent eye injury but these have not been substantiated. To counter the eye injury potential, and the vision-blocking effects, police can use protective visor strips or eyewear. This has been shown to reduce the use of lasers against officers. Restrictions or a ban on laser pointer possession or use by the general public probably will not help, at least in the near term. For example, restrictions in Australia and New Zealand intended to bring down the rate of aiming lasers at aircraft did not work; the rates in both countries actually went up for years after the bans. With respect to all types of eye injuries at protests, there have been hundreds of cases where protesters had serious eye injuries and blindings due to law enforcement use of rubber bullets and lead pellets -- far outstripping the few claimed cases of serious eye injuries to officers caused by lasers.
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Tai, Cheng-feng, David Halpern, and James B. Grotberg. "Airway Closure With Two Liquid Layers." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53504.
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There are several mechanisms which may cause airway closure in the lung. In this paper, we focus on airway closure due to the capillary instability [1]. In Gauglitz and Radke’s study [2], they showed that once the ratio of film thickness to tube radius is larger than 0.12, airway closure could occur. The induced interfacial deformation creates a driving pressure which forces more liquid into a growing bulge. The interface will then deform rapidly towards the end of the closure process due to the presence of large curvatures, which create strong driving pressures and will eventually lead to the formation of a liquid plug. Due to the instability, stresses, including normal and shear stresses on the airway wall, will be induced. The epithelial cells on the inner wall of the airway may be injured by these induced stresses. The purpose of this study is to calculate the wall stresses for a two-layer system and determine if the magnitude of the stresses are sufficient to injure the epithelial cells.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Bullet injury"
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Orhan, Nilüfer, Burak Temiz, Hale Gamze Ağalar, and Gökalp İşcan. Boswellia serrata Oleogum Resins and Extracts Laboratory Guidance Document. ABC-AHP-NCNPR Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.59520/bapp.lgd/mqgn3574.
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Boswellia resins are described in numerous ancient texts and have been an important trade material for the civilizations located in the Arabian Peninsula and North Africa since at least the third millennium BCE. Frankincense (olibanum) is an exudate that seeps from injured bark of Boswellia species (Burseraceae). The oleogum resin obtained from Boswellia serrata is called Indian frankincense and is used in the Ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani systems of traditional medicine. Additionally, its extracts and essential oils are used in soaps, cosmetics, foods, beverages, and incense products. This Laboratory Guidance Document aims to review the analytical methods used to authenticate natural oleogum resin from B. serrata and differentiate it from other Boswellia species, as well as other potential adulterants. This document can be used in conjunction with the B. serrata Botanical Adulterants Prevention Bulletin published by the ABC-AHP-NCNPR Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program in 2018.1 From a historical perspective, a number of oleogum resins from Boswellia species have been used interchangeably for medicinal purposes around the world, and older “olibanum” pharmacopeial monographs consider more than one species as officially acceptable. Such interchangeable use is still observed today as several Boswellia species are offered as frankincense.2,3 However, Western botanical dietary supplements and the herbal medicine markets are dominated by products labeled to contain B. serrata, irrespective of whether a formal identification of the ingredient has been performed or not. Therefore, this laboratory guidance document has been written to help laboratory analysts to find appropriate analytical methods that allow the unambiguous identification of B. serrata oleogum resin and its extracts.
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Current intelligence bulletin 67: promoting health and preventing disease and injury through workplace tobacco policies. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub2015113.
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