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Chaton, Patrick. "Caractérisation des couches minces optiques, amélioration des modèles de couches". Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30085.
Pełny tekst źródłaBourdet, Perrine. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces d'oxyde de titane". Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX11052.
Pełny tekst źródłaCima, Lionel. "Caractérisation et modélisation des couches minces de céramiques ferroélécriques". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0033.
Pełny tekst źródłaVilquin, Bertrand. "Synthèse et caractérisation de films minces de PZT ferroélectriques". Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN2006.
Pełny tekst źródłaCaune, Sylvie. "Elaboration et caractérisation de films minces de tri et pentatellurures de zirconium". Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX22009.
Pełny tekst źródłaCallard, Anne-Ségolène. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches diélectriques pour l'optique". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1653_ascallard.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaDiop, Daouda Keïta. "Synthèse par pulvérisation magnétron et caractérisation de couches minces photochromes". Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2293/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThese thesis works are within the framework of the ANR Photoflex (2013-2016), which aims to develop a contactless laser printing technology, in order to create updatable or permanent patterns of unique character on any types of supports, especially flexible supports. We report on a reactive magnetron sputtering-based deposition method to synthesize, at room temperature, photochromic nanocomposite thin films consisting of Ag nanoparticles sandwiched between nanoporous TiO2 layers. These films are deposited on flexible substrates such as a transparent plastic (PET) and a diffusing paper. We show that when the TiO2 is elaborated in the metallic sputtering mode, the nanocomposite film is colored due to the formation of metal Ag nanoparticles inducing a localized surface plasmon resonance in the visible range. In contrast, in the compound sputtering mode, the nanocomposite film is colorless because the Ag nanoparticles are oxidized during their capping by the TiO2. We have demonstrated that the colorless samples can be colored under UV laser irradiation (244 nm) due to the reduction of oxidized silver, followed by the growth of metallic Ag nanoparticles by coalescence or Ostwald ripening. Moreover, visible laser irradiation at low irradiances (few W.cm-2) of the colored films gives rise to changes in the particle morphology that modifies the absorbance of the films and results in sample color changes. We have investigated the influence of the deposition conditions (capping layer thickness of nanoparticles, TiO2 buffer layer thickness, Ag amount, holding time after Ag deposition, plasma annealing of Ag nanoparticles, multilayer) in order to optimize the photochromic effects in amplitude and in speed. All the mechanisms are repeatable during UV/Visible irradiation cyclic processes. For strong visible laser irradiances (several tens of kW.cm-2), we observed on nanocomposite films deposited on glass, color changes dependent on the polarization direction of the probe beam, related to the thermal growth and to the self-organization of Ag according to a periodic grating of nanoparticle chains. Contrary to low irradiances, the photo-induced colors are permanent and have a dichroic character. This study opens up interesting possibilities in terms of applications, including authentication and traceability of manufactured products, data storage, the new generation of datamatrix, etc
Kassem, Hussein. "Caractérisation et applications hyperfréquences de matériaux ferroélectriques en couches minces". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13784/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaLottiaux, Michel. "Caractérisation des couches minces d'oxyde de titane pour filtres optiques". Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX30103.
Pełny tekst źródłaSegda, Bila. "Caractérisation dimensionnelle et physicochimique de couches minces et multicouches diélectriques". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF21529.
Pełny tekst źródłaCardin, Julien. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces ferroélectriques pour des applications optiques". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00090784.
Pełny tekst źródłaGaiaschi, Sofia. "Fabrication, caractérisation et modélisation de couches minces d'alliages silicium-carbone microcristallins". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112412/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaDespite continuous effort, thin-film silicon multi-junction solar cells are still limited by the light-induced degradation of amorphous materials that they employ − hydrogenated amorphous silicon layers (a-Si:H) or amorphous silicon-germanium (a-SiGe:H) layers. To survive, this technology must fully benefit from the ease with which it allows multi-band gap photovoltaic (PV) devices to be assembled. To this end, materials that are stable under light soaking and have an electronic band gap between that of hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (µc-Si:H, 1.1 eV) and that of a-Si:H (1.7 eV) are needed. The goal of this PhD thesis was to develop a new class of materials satisfying all these requirements by alloying carbon and silicon. Indeed, hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon-carbon alloys (µc-Si1−xCx:H) are a promising candidate for expanding the toolbox of useful materials for thin-film photovoltaics. The interest in these alloys lies in the possibility of easily varying their effective band gap by changing the amount of carbon in their composition. In this thesis, the usefulness of such materials in thin-film PV devices was probed using a broad range of deposition and characterization techniques. Using thin-film growth techniques at low temperatures (175−300° C), the range in which such electronically useful materials can be grown has been explored. It was confirmed that even in the condition of small crystallites, no stable sub-stoichiometric Si-C crystalline phase exists (i.e. no parallel for silicon-rich c-SiGe has been observed). Under all deposition techniques utilized, these materials were composed of submicron-size silicon crystallites embedded in an amorphous silicon-carbon (a-Si1−xCx:H) matrix. However, while the presence of the crystallites assures a higher conductivity compared to a-Si1−xCx:H, the carbon incorporation leads to an effective energy gap larger than that of microcrystalline silicon, supporting our investigation of these materials as promising optoelectronic layers. In the first part of this work, different Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition strategies have been investigated to achieve the widest range of processing conditions and to learn the most about the growth conditions required to produce a high quality µc-Si1−xCx:H material. Material properties were extensively characterized both on the structural side and also from an electrical point of view, in order to establish a correlation between the deposition parameters and the microstructural, transport and defect-related properties. The extensive set of results has allowed the proposal of a coherent growth model for such µc-Si1−xCx:H thin films. Exploiting these results, PV devices using these alloys as active layers were made. Although the absolute levels of efficiency (around 3.5 %) are not as high as state-of-the-art microcrystalline silicon, this work showed that it is possible to obtain variations in the open circuit voltage by varying the amount of carbon incorporated in such µc-Si1−xCx:H alloys. This important result shows that a process parameter other than silane dilution can be used to control this aspect of device performance. PV performances are modest so far, which is expected as these are the first ever results concerning the application of such a new class of materials as the active layer in thin-film solar cells. However, with further advancements in such materials, their replacement of the less stable a-SiGe:H is not unforeseeable
Iliescu, Ionela. "Croissance, caractérisation et transformation de phase dans des couches minces d'YMnO3". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI018/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaMultiferroic YMnO3 (YMO) films have been grown by MOCVD on (100)-oriented Si, STO, LAOand LSAT substrates. The effect of the film thickness and the chemical composition on structuraland magnetic properties has been investigated. YMO can crystallize in two structure: hexagonal(h-YMO) and orthorhombic (o-YMO), generally considered as stable and metastable phases,respectively. Both phases, together with their amorphous precursor phase, are studied in this thesis.On one side, a selective growth of the amorphous, o-YMO or h-YMO phase is achieved on Sisubstrates through the deposition conditions. An extensive study of the optimal conditions hasbeen carried out. An irreversible phase transformation from amorphous to crystalline o-YMOphase takes place at an almost constant temperature (~ 700 °C) and in a short period of time (~min). The o-YMO phase thus obtained is stable at least up to 900 °C.On the other side, the o-YMO phase is epitaxially stabilized on perovskite type substrates (STO,LAO, LSAT). The films on STO and LSAT substrates present mainly the (010) orientation whilethose on LAO substrate are (101)-oriented. Secondary domain orientation are observe in particularon STO substrates: (010) in plane with 90° rotation. Strained films are observed for smallthicknesses. The magnetic measurements show a spin glass behavior for either o- or h-YMO phase,independently of the substrate
Caburet, Philippe. "Caractérisation de couches minces d'oxydes obtenues par pulvérisation cathodique radiofréquence magnétron". Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30056.
Pełny tekst źródłaCardin, Julien. "Élaboration et caractérisation de couches minces ferroélectriques pour des applications optiques". Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2048.
Pełny tekst źródłaLead zirconate titanate (PZT) ferroelectric thin films were elaborated on glass substrates by chemical solution deposition in the aim to realize integrated waveguide structures. In order to determine the refractive index and the thickness of the films, an M-lines spectroscopy experimental device was set up. Particular attention was given to the analysis of the results and possible error sources. This led us to establish an indexing criterion of the propagation modes, the efficiency of which was proven by numerical simulations. An optimization method was developed which allows the determination of the refractive index and the thickness of the films with a relative accuracy of 10-3. The M-lines characterization method was applied in order to study the influence of the PZT elaboration procedure on the refractive index. Linear and Mach-Zehnder type waveguides were realized by photolithography and wet chemical etching, light guiding along several tens of millimeters was demonstrated
Olive, François. "Caractérisation des couches minces par l'analyse des ondes acoustiques de surface". Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10107.
Pełny tekst źródłaBao, Zhaohui. "Croissance épitaxiale, caractérisation structurale et études magnétiques de couches minces d'UO2". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI102.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe have investigated structural and magnetic properties of epitaxial UO2 andUO2/Fe3O4 thin films fabricated by reactive DC-sputtering. The UO2 layer grew commensurately on LaAlO3 substrate with epitaxial relationships of (001)UO2 Î (001)LAO and <100>UO2 Î <110>LAO. Due to the pseudomorphic growth which extended up to 45 Å, a strain (Á) of about 2% were introduced into the UO2 epilayer. A partial relaxation process was observed for films thicker than 500 Å. The large mosaic affects strongly the magnetic properties. Rosonant X-ray scattering studies revealed that the Néel temperature remained at 30.8 K. However, a small reduction of TN is expected at tuo2 ~ 50 Å. The second-order phase transition was found for films with thickness between 181 and 4500 Å. Using the Bernhoeft plot, the thickness of the magnetically ordered phase was estimated. The pseudomorphic part was magnetically inactive. The exchange bias studies confirmed this result. For the first time, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant of UO2 was found to be about 1 x 107 erg/cm3
Vautey, Christophe. "Dépot aérosol-gel et caractérisation FTIR de couches minces de silice". Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0026.
Pełny tekst źródłaCommandré, Mireille. "Caractérisation de l'absorption dans les composants optiques en couches minces par déflexion photothermique". Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30074.
Pełny tekst źródłaBendahan, Marc. "Réalisation et caractérisation de films d'alliage à mémoire de forme NiTi : application à la réalisation de micro-ationneurs et de micro-capteurs". Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30002.
Pełny tekst źródłaHalgand, Eric. "Élaboration et caractérisation de couches minces de Cu(In, Al)Se2 en vue d'applications photovoltaïques". Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2025.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this work was to develop processes of development of thin films of Cu (In, Al) Se2 for applications as absorbing layers in solar cells. First of all we carried out films by a process of selenisation, which gave results lacking reproducibility, We have then continued by a process of co-evaporation where aluminium was introduced by “flash”, which allowed us to carried out photovoltaic cells of type ZnO/In2S3/Cu (In, Al) Se2 /Mo with an efficiency of 5,5%. We then used a process using a film of (In, Al) 2Se3 like precursor of our layers, having thus allowed us to carry out solar cells of type ZnO/CdS/Cu(In, Al) Se2 /Mo of 5,8% efficiency
Bouessay, Isabelle. "Caractérisation de couches minces d'oxyde de nickel préparées par ablation laser : matériau électrochrome à coloration anodique". Amiens, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AMIE0312.
Pełny tekst źródłaLegeay, Gérard. "Couches minces amorphes d'ITO : caractérisation, structure, évolution et fonctionnalisation sous rayonnements UV". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00567155.
Pełny tekst źródłaDelsol, Benjamin. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches minces supraconductrices épitaxiées de rhénium sur saphir". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENI015/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn electronic devices, it is expected that the quantum limit will soon be reached with decreasing system size. Therefore, manipulating quantum information appears as a new challenge. Solid state Qubits based on superconducting Josephson junction are promising systems which take advantage of microelectronics technology. However, decoherence time of the quantum states is still a limiting factor. This has been generally ascribed to the poor crystallographic quality of the materials used so far (crystallographic defects, impurities). The Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) technique may be used to grow rhenium (Re) films of high quality on sapphire substrates in an Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) environment. So far, the misfit between Re and sapphire is low enough to permit the growth of a single crystal aluminium oxide thin film on top of the Re layer. In order to improve the crystallographic quality of the Re film, some simulations and several characterizations techniques have been used. Then, the superconducting properties of rhenium films have been studied at Ultra Low Temperature in order to compare with their crystallographic qualities
Felten, Franck. "Synthèse et caractérisation de couches minces d'oxydes déposées par CVD à injection". Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0162.
Pełny tekst źródłaFabreguette, François. "Caractérisation de couches minces et de multicouches nanométriques à base d'oxynitrure de titane élaborées par LP-MOCVD". Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS071.
Pełny tekst źródłaBa, Cheikhou. "VO₂ amorphe et polycristallin : dépôt en couches minces, caractérisation et application en optique-photonique". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27494.
Pełny tekst źródłaAmory, Christophe. "Élaboration et caractérisation de couches minces à base de chalcogénures : applications aux cellules photovoltai͏̈ques". Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2099.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of the present work was to synthesize, in thin film form, materials based on chalcogenide that which can be used as absorbant layer in solar cells. Thin film of indium sesquiselenide in ? phase (?-In2Se3) have been obtained by co-evaporation for various substrat temperature. After a fondamental study , we have investigated Mn doping of these films and in the other hand their use as precursor layer to obtain Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films. Mn doping improve electrical properties of ?-In2Se3, especially the electrical conductivity by five order of magnitude. First solar cells based on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 obtained by our process show a promising efficiency of 5. 5 %. On the other hand we have developed a new synthesis road of MoTe2 thin films at low temperature. These films have been used as precursor to obtain MoS2 thin film
Brousse, Elodie. "Modélisation et caractérisation de nouveaux matériaux en couches As2GenTe3+n". Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20163.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeauseigneur, Thierry. "Techniques de spectrophotométrie dans l'infrarouge et de mesure des pertes par diffusion pour la caractérisation de couches minces optiques". Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30050.
Pełny tekst źródłaMoreau, Benoît. "Contribution à l'étude des textures dans les couches minces : caractérisation de barrières de diffusion de nitrure de titane". Metz, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1993/Moreau.BenoitSMZ9313.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe first part of the study is concerned with the ability of the reduced incidence X-ray diffraction technique to measure pole figures for thin films. In order to improve the statistical noise and the ratio diffracted intensity/background, the volume of irradiated material is increased by measuring poles figures with an asymetric beam path. However, the drawback is that the pole figures become incomplete in the center. To define the orientation distribution fonction, an optimum compromise has to be found between the increase in data quality and the decrease in number of available measurements related to the size of missing zone. The question is investigated on a sqet of titanium nitride layers with thicknesses ranging from 20 to 600 nanometers, sputter-deposited on monocrystalline silicon substrates. Modelling is also carried out, defining a tool which allows to find the optimal measurement conditions for a given material (thickness and texture). Titanuium nitride is used in the microelectronic industry as diffusion barriers between aluminium and silicon in the following layer configuration : Si/Ti (20nm)/TiN(100nm)/Al. In the second part of the study, TiN microstructural features (textures, grain sizes, residual stresses. . . ) are correlated to deposition parameters (substrate temperature, gaz composition), and physical properties (resistivity, diffusion). The main texture component of TiN is a 111 fiber normal to the layer surface for all specimen investigated. The study points out the specificity of some diffusion barriers to grow with a secondary 311 fiber texture. It generates from the epitaxial relationship with the10. 1 planes of the titanium underlayer. This texture feature, linked to the diffusion behaviour of the layer system, leads to an original consideration of the anisotropic nature of the diffusion coefficient
Pinel, Eric. "Vers le développement d'un nouveau luminophore rouge : synthèse, caractérisation, mise en forme et évaluation des propriétés physico-chimiques de CaTiO3:Pr3+". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF21559.
Pełny tekst źródłaYang, Liu. "Caractérisation de couches minces de ZnO élaborées par la pulvérisation cathodique en continu". Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919764.
Pełny tekst źródłaNguema, Agnandji Edwin. "Génération et détection Terahertz : application à la caractérisation de matériaux en couches minces". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13796/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work concerns the characterization of thin film materials by terahertz time domain spectroscopy. For this purpose, we elaborated a terahertz setup in which the terahertz emission and terahertz detection are based on the use of femtosecond laser, semiconductors, ultrafast photoswitches or electro-optic crystals. The study of dielectric function of ferroelectrics thin film (barium titanate/-Ba1-xSrxTiO3) with temperature, give the importance of soft phonon mode. Finally, the electromagnetic behavior of conducting polymers based on polyaniline was made, in particular their shelding effectiveness in millimeter and sub-millimeter length
Mevel, Mehdi. "Couches minces de langasite pour applications piézoélectriques : élaboration par chimie douce et caractérisation". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENA029/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this PHD is the development of piezoelectric thin layers without lead element. The selected piezoelectric material is the langasite, La3Ga5SiO14, which keeps its piezoelectric properties at very high temperature (Tm = 1470°C). The chosen langasite synthesis is a soft chemistry way which is economical and easy to work. We have made many tests with different metal precursors, different solvents and ligands. Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis were done to study the decompositions steps. Thus, the synthesis with chlorides precursors lead to impure langasite due to chloride atoms which stay in the coordination sphere of lanthanum at high temperature. We selected a based nitrate synthesis which allows the formation of stable solution leading to pure langasite. To be piezoelectric, a thin layer must be a textured layer, and the orientation of the texture must be a piezoelectric direction. To depose langasite on flexible bitextured substrate of Ni95W5 / LZO was the first aim of this PHD. All tests led to the oxidation of this substrate. Further to these results other substrates were studied. The films were analyzed by X ray diffraction in (theta/2theta), phi scan and pole figures. The morphology of the layers was studied by AFM. Tests on MgO (111) or Si (100) led to the formation of polycrystalline langasite thin Layer. Deposition of langasite on MgO (100) led to two preferred orientation (110) and (101) . SAW electrodes were deposited on these layers but any piezoelectric properties were measured. Further degradation of films has been shown. Depositions on spinel MgAl2O4 , present a fibrous texture of the (002) planes . The prospects of this work concern the piezoelectric coefficients measurement of spinel deposit. Depositions tests of a metallic layer to protect the films langasite from degradation have to be made
Kharouf, Riad. "Caractérisation des défauts par attaque chimique dans les couches minces épitaxiales de silicium". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112023.
Pełny tekst źródłaFar, Lakhdar. "Caractérisation ultrasonore de couches polymériques minces déposées sur un substrat : application aux peintures". Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR10533.
Pełny tekst źródłaDemange, Valérie. "Seléction, élaboration et caractérisation d'alliages et de couches minces approximants Al-Cr-Fe". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL568N.
Pełny tekst źródłaVermeulen, Jean-Luc. "Elaboration par pulvérisation ionique et caractérisation de couches minces ferromagnétiques à forte perméabilité". Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10071.
Pełny tekst źródłaSerio, Bruno. "Modélisation, élaboration et caractérisation de reseaux de microthermocouples or-palladium en couches minces". Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA2077.
Pełny tekst źródłaPrecise and rapid detection of surface temperature changes are crucial for studying numerous physical phenomena or industrial processes (E. G. Laser processing, thermal spraying). If the temperature measured with a thermocouple or with a thermometric resistance put in direct contact with the surface is always the sensor temperature, in most cases, it differs from the surface temperature. The presence of the sensor induces errors due to its interference with the temperature field to be measured. The solution developed in this thesis to reduce this interference consists of depositing the sensor material onto the surface to be characterized. The technology developed in the microtechnic field enables the realisation of such sensors as an array of thin film thermocouples. In that case, the sensor inertia is nearly zero and the bond with the substrate is excellent. AU-PD thin film thermocouple arrays were realized to measure with high precision focused laser energy profiles or to measure the temperature field within a composite material. After the sensors adjustement and calibration in steady and dynamic condition, the steady and dynamic behaviours were modelled. Very good results were obtained in the field of laser beam profiles determination. Prospects are short-term awaited for measuring of temperatures during thermal cycling of thermally sprayed coatings
Roumiantseva, Babakina Marina. "Elaboration et caractérisation des couches minces SnO2(Cu,Ni) pour la détection gazeuse". Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0178.
Pełny tekst źródłaGerri-Peray, Mireille. "Elaboration et caractérisation de films minces d'oxide supraconducteur (YBaCuO) et étude résolue temporellement du processus d'ablation laser". Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22023.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuilet, Stéphane. "Amélioration et caractérisation de l'autocicatrisation dans les condensateurs à films de polypropylène métallisés". Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2108.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this study, we describe a way to improve self-healing in metallized polypropylene (PP) films capacitors. A PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Depositon) thin nitride organosilicon (or SiNOCH) coating is deposited on the surface of the PP film just before the metallization with zinc. The low pressure and high density plasma is inductively coupled and the gas mixture is made with HMDSO (hexamethyldisiloxane) and N2. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectrometry) measurements are leading to the characterization of the composition and the structure of the thin coatings, while OES (Optical Emission Spectroscopy) provides information on the composition of the gaseous phase. Then, we have measured the current and voltage variations during self-healing and the size of the demetallized surface. Evidence has been made that a thin SiNOCH coating is useful since it allows to divide by a factor three the electrical energy needed for self-healing. In order to understand self-healing mechanisms, we analyzed the self-healed metallized polypropylene film surface by chemical imaging and spatially resolved XPS. The self-healing process leads to a cleared PP surface around the breakdown point. Moreover, a fraction of the coatings SiNOCH and Zn is deposited at the frontier between the cleared surface and the metallized surface
Matei, Ghimbeu Camelia. "Elaboration et caractérisation de couches mince d'oxydes métalliques pour la détection de gaz polluants atmosphériques". Thesis, Metz, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007METZ050S/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe demand of simple, small, low cost and performing gas sensors for the detection of pollutant gases is of great interest taking into consideration the health and environmental problems. For this purpose we decided to develop thin films of metal oxide semiconductors which present a good affinity to many pollutant gases, but, which, however present a problem of cross-sensitivity and, additionally, which must work at elevated temperatures. These thin films (SnO2, Cu-doped SnO2, WO3, In2O3, Sn-doped In2O3 and ZnO) have been deposited on Pt- partially coated alumina using a novel innovative technique, i.e., Electrostatic Spray Deposition allowing easy deposition parameter (temperature, flow rate, time etc.) variation. Homogeneous, nano-structured films with desired porous morphology have been obtained as revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy techniques. The microstructure studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, X-ray Diffraction respectively Raman spectroscopy methods showed that we have successfully obtained the desired crystallinity and a good purity of the films for gas sensor use. The sensing performance of the films to different oxidizing and reducing pollutant gases (H2S, SO2 and NO2) has been yet evaluated. From all the studied films, the 1% Cu-doped SnO2 ones proves to be the most sensitive for the detection of H2S at low operating temperatures and furthermore present no cross-sensitivity for the two other gases. WO3 films presents the highest sensitivity to NO2 at 150°C compared with all the other composition films, but unfortunately the NO2 response interferes with the H2S response. To avoid this ambiguity, we can use ZnO films, which present a very high sensitivity to NO2 compared to SO2 and H2S response. Additionally, all the films were almost insensitive to SO2. On the base of these results we can propose the conception of a competitive miniaturized sensor array dedicated to detect and to quantify a H2S/NO2 mixture
Font, Dominique. "Adhérence METAL/PTFE : Caractérisation de l'interface". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECDL0014.
Pełny tekst źródłaForestier, Igor. "Dépôt en couches minces de nickel chimique multifonctionnel". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI031.
Pełny tekst źródłaPrimary dry pumps dedicated to manufacturing processes in microelectronics are subjected to highly corrosive environments that are increasingly oxidizing and halogenous (Cl2, F2 and O2). However, for mechanical and economic reasons, the functional parts of the pumps are machined in EN-GJS-500-7 spheroidal graphite cast iron. The cast iron is consequently protected by a nickel-phosphorus chemical deposit. This thesis is based on classical studies on the kinetics and the nickel-plating mechanism on the one hand, and on the optimization of the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the NiP layers on the other hand. The innovative nature of this work is based on the production of NiP layers on a spheroidal graphite cast iron substrate.The study of the kinetics of nickel-plating as well as the morphological characterization of coatings as a function of the deposit time showed the influence of the chemical nature of the substrate. The flush graphite spheres on the surface of the substrate being not a catalyst for the chemical nickel, they can cause defects in the coating and a loss of compliance. It has been shown that a cathodic polarization of the surface of the substrate, in the first moments of the deposit, could initiate the nickel-plating right on the graphite spheres.A relationship exists between the microstructure of the deposits as a function of the thermal treatments undergone and the mechanical properties of the NiP layers. The amorphous NiP deposits have a low hardness and a ductile behavior while crystallized deposits have a high hardness and a brittle behavior. These deposits have a good resistance to corrosion in halogenated environments when they are intact. Actually, at the industrial level, the most brittle deposits are chosen, although they have a lower corrosion résistance: indeed, the service life of the pumps is higher because the seizing effect are minimized.Keywords: electroless nickel, resistance to corrosion, spheroidal graphite cast iron, physicochemical characterization, thin layers, mechanical durability
Ropa, Patrick. "Contribution à l'amélioration des techniques de caractérisation diélectrique de films minces". Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20189.
Pełny tekst źródłaZhu, Jiang. "Croissance par pulvérisation cathodique et caractérisation de dispositifs magnéto-électriques PZT/TERFENOL-D en couches minces sur substrat ilicium". Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN2052.
Pełny tekst źródłaMy thesis work is devoted to elaboration of Terfenol/PZT (Tb0,3Dy0,7Fe2/Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3) thin film devices by sputtering and to characterization of their magneto-electric response. During a large part of my thesis, I had to devote mainly to the development of the Terfenol-D thin films that were deposited on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrate and to the characterization of their ferromagnetic properties. This study included the films deposited in situ, that is to say, by heating the substrate holder during deposition. I also studied for comparison, the effect of annealing (temperature, time, atmosphere) of Terfenol-D films after deposition at room temperature. I have shown that the in situ deposition and annealing carried out at temperatures between 400 °C and 500 °C, allow to obtain films with good ferromagnetic properties (M ≥ 400 emu/cm3). When sputtering conditions for the growth of films with good ferromagnetic properties have been developed, we turned our efforts on achieving the Terfenol / PZT thin film device. Finally after solving many problems like diffusion or bonding, we managed to get a first operational Terfenol-D/PZT device. A magneto-capacitive effect of 4. 6% was observed at 4 Tesla. A magneto-electric coefficient voltage of 150 mV. Cm-1. Oe-1 was also measured out of the mechanical resonance. Due to inter-diffusion phenomena, the Terfenol-D layer can’t currently be annealed beyond 300 °C. Under these conditions its microstructural, hence ferromagnetic, properties therefore are not optimal, thereby limiting the magneto-electric response. Improvement in the fabrication process should enhance it in the future
Mubumbila, Ntumba. "Élaboration par pulvérisation ionique réactive et caractérisation de couches minces de carbonitrure amorphe a-CNx". Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2026.
Pełny tekst źródłaMengué, Stéphanie. "Caractérisation et modélisation micro-onde de films minces métalliques de structure fractale". Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30187.
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