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1
Ahumada, Zuaza Luis. "El Teatro Infantil y Juvenil de Carmen Conde". Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/94519.
Streszczenie:
In this research work addresses the question of the status of children´s theater and youth Carmen Conde. In turn is made a thorough study of historical-biographical which meant that literary Spain. Other aspects are addressed as: analysis of dramatic texts child, pedadoficus aspects thereof,subject index, etc. Accompany this study a wide and rich literature on the author and her child and youth drama.En el presente trabajo de investigación se aborda el estado de la cuestión del teatro infantil y juvenil de Carmen Conde. a su vez se realiza un profundo estudio histórico-biográfico de lo que supuso dicho género literario en la producción literaria de la autora y la España del siglo XX. Se abordan otros aspectos como: Análisis de sus textos dramáticos infantiles, aspectos pedagógicos de los mismos, índice temático, etc. Acompaña a dicho estudio una amplia y rica bibliografía sobre la autora y su dramaturgia infantil.
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Dias, Cristina de Jesus Espiguinha. "Ser mulher poeta no período ditatorial ibérico: estudo comparativo de textos poéticos de Natália Correia e Carmen Conde". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15565.
Streszczenie:
A poesia peninsular do século XX escrita por mulheres num período temporal específico (Ditaduras Ibéricas) constitui-se no motivo impulsionador do presente estudo comparatista. Este trabalho reporta-se fundamentalmente à percepção da directa ou mais discreta interferência do âmbito ditatorial, em Portugal e Espanha, no processo criativo das mulheres escritoras. Escolhemos a obra poética de Natália Correia e Carmen Conde, originárias de Portugal e Espanha, respectivamente, por considerarmos importante a análise minuciosa e atenta do conjunto de textos em poesia inclusos nos diversos livros escritos, por cada uma das autoras. Atendendo ao facto de até ao presente momento não se ter encetado a comparação entre as estéticas e envolventes político-sociais das escritoras supracitadas propomos demonstrar a relevância do papel da mulher-poeta na sociedade ibérica, entre os anos 50 e finais dos anos 70 do século XX. Estabelecemos um estudo em três décadas precisas por termos considerado as mesmas bastante relevantes para a afirmação da mulher enquanto protagonista de um processo de criação literária, mais próxima da ambicionada libertação de valores e pressupostos patriarcais. A primeira parte da dissertação apresenta a contextualização histórico-literária na abrangente do regime ditatorial instituído, como aliás já salientámos, em ambos países da Península Ibérica. Explicitamos, em síntese, a ((ingerência)) da figura feminina na sociedade opressiva, por contraste com a ousadia das mulheres portadoras de identidade literária, conscientes do perigo constante da censura e nesse sentido transgressoras da ideologia política em vigor. Relevamos no capítulo seguinte a especificidade da envolvente literária de Natália Correia e Carmen Conde, na pretensão de demonstrar a importância da questão de autoria feminina de um número específico de composições poéticas, seleccionadas no conjunto da obra de uma e outra escritoras. Perspectivou-se, em consonância, um estudo analítico tripartido pelas temáticas: Liberdade; Opressão e Outro Mundo, consideradas recorrentes na maioria dos textos poéticos referenciados para o efeito. Sob um carácter ambivalente de crítica explícita ou implícita da realidade e de uma procura de libertação em estreita relação com a referência ao «mundo paralelo)), percepcionámos as linhas orientadoras do discurso poético de Natália Correia e Carmen Conde, no intuito de precisar na parte final do estudo as condicionantes das poesias de cariz ibérico e em simultâneo a procura ainda em curso da identidade feminina.
/*** Abstract - Peninsular poetry from the twentieth century written by women during a specific time period (Iberian Dictatorships) is the impulse behind the present comparative study. This work is about the direct or more discreet interference from the dictatorial sphere of action in the creative process of women writers, whether in Portugal or Spain. We chose the poetic work of Natália Correia and Carmen Conde, from Portugal and Spain respectively, because we think the detailed and thorough analysis of the poetic texts written by both these authors is important. Considering the fact that, up to this moment, there is no comparison between the aesthetics and the socio-political contexts of the mentioned writers, our purpose is to demonstrate the relevance of the woman-poet' role in the Iberian society from the 50s up to late 70s. We organized this study involving these three decades because we consider them the most important ones to the assertiveness of woman as a protagonist of a literary creation process, closer to the long desired freedom from patriarchal values and preconceptions. The first part of this dissertation presents the historical and literary contextualization in the dictatorial regime of both Iberian countries. We clarify the "intervention" of the female figure on the oppressive society, as a contrast to the boldness of the women with literary identity, since they were aware of the constant danger of censorship and, because of that, they were considered transgressors of the political ideology. In the next chapter, we present the specificity of the literary contexts of Natália Correia and Carmen Conde, while trying to show the importance of the feminine authorship question using a number of poetic writings, chosen from the entire body of work of both poets. And so, are analytical study of the following topics became imperative: Freedom, Oppression and the Other World, considered being recurrent in most poetic texts. Under the ambivalent cape of explicit or implicit criticism of reality and a search for freedom in connection to the reference to the "parallel world", we studied the guiding lines of the poetic speech of Natália Correia and Carmen Conde, hoping to clarify, at the end of this study, the precepts of Iberian poetry and the search for feminine identity (which is not over yet).
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Cacciola, Anna. "Lenguaje bíblico e identidad de mujer en Carmen Conde. Mientras los hombres mueren y Mujer sin Edén en la poesía femenina española de la primera mitad del siglo XX". Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/113022.
Streszczenie:
Entre las numerosas tendencias estéticas de la lírica española de posguerra, destaca la caracterizada por el uso de un lenguaje y una simbología cuya procedencia arraiga en la Biblia. El recurso a los mitos fundacionales de la tradición judeo-cristiana y a la fórmula poética del diálogo con Dios es el medio utilizado por los poetas existencialistas de los años cuarenta para expresar una conciencia agónica y proponer críticamente la reconstrucción de una identidad borrada. Por este cauce discurre la poesía de Carmen Conde, específicamente en el tramo temporal en que su obra alcanza el punto de maduración. El presente estudio aborda ese segmento central de su obra, aunando la reflexión sobre la conformación de una identidad femenina, por un lado, con la subversión de los cánones de la literatura heteropatriarcal, por otro, y todo ello sobre los cimientos culturales y retóricos del lenguaje bíblico y del existencialismo filosófico. El análisis singularizado, pero también contrastivo, de los libros Mientras los hombres mueren ([1937-1939] 1953) y Mujer sin Edén (1947) evidencia cómo las tácticas retóricas adoptadas ceban unos mecanismos de legitimación de la voz poética que conducen a la deconstrucción del modelo patriarcal femenino. Se crea así un espacio literario que pretende ser un desabrido documento social de las mujeres y elevarse a instancia identitaria de estas. El análisis de la obra de Conde desde esta perspectiva contribuye a la reconstrucción de la participación femenina, más allá de inadvertencias y desdenes, en la vida literaria española de la primera mitad del siglo XX, explana sus aportaciones líricas —las de ella, pero también las de ellas— y desvela las oportunas estrategias desmitificadoras. Esta utilización del acervo mítico cobra relevancia en las mujeres poetas, por cuanto muchas de ellas proceden a una reelaboración de los mitos desde su condición femenina, a fin de que emerja a la superficie la estructura jerárquica subyacente en ellos y alterarla. El lirismo de esas obras, concretadas como en ningún otro título de ese tiempo en los dos libros citados de Carmen Conde, vertebra un mensaje acusador que pone ante nuestros ojos a la mujer como sujeto cívico y como ser humano que se define y completa a través de la creación poética.
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Franco, Elisangela Abadia. "Reading Eve and Mary in the poetry of Carman Conde and Ángela Figuera". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726347.
Streszczenie:
During the Spanish Civil War and its aftermath, many Republican writers chose exile over oppression. Carmen Conde (1907-86) and Angela Figuera (1902-1984), were among those who remained in Spain and confronted the task of finding a voice for the voiceless. This study offers a sustained analysis of a representative sample of their work, illuminated within a methodological frame work that combines revisionary perspectives of feminist criticism with theories of allegory and reader response, while remaining sensitive to the socio-political contexts in which their work was written. The primary texts at the core of the thesis are: by Conde, Mujer sin Eden (1947) and by Figuera, Mujer de barro (1948), Soria pura (1949), Vencida por el angel (1950), El grito zrafrz/(1952), Vispera de la vida (1953), Los dias duros (1953), Belleza cruel (1958) y Toco la Tierra. Letanias (1962). This thesis argues that Conde and Figuera create a third, feminine, space, in which the voices of Eve and Mary resonate in opposition to dominant discourses of patriarchy. In the work of both poets, though in distinct ways, these maternal figures, so central to the misogynistic rhetoric of Franco’s regime, emerge transformed, with the potential to challenge and redefine views of women and the feminine. The study explores how the female protagonists of politically-charged allegorical environments are constructed in resistance to prevailing anti-feminist imperatives, particularly the pronatalist policies imposed during Franco’s regime. The revised personae of Eve and Mary thus operate as dynamic sites of resistance against a dictatorial discourse that veiled death, violence, rape and hunger. Ultimately, this thesis demonstrates how the objective female body, upon which silence is imposed and techniques of control exerted, becomes in the work of these poets, an articulate, active agent of transgression, a potent counter-narrative in tension with the contemporary politics of silence.
5
Saito, Yahachi, Yuhki Tsujimoto, Akira Koshio i Fumio Kokai. "Field emission patterns from multiwall carbon nanotubes with a cone-shaped tip". American Institute of Physics, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8776.
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Legault, David M. (David Michael). "Development and application of a steady state code for supercritical carbon dioxide cycles". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41597.
Streszczenie:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2006.Leaf 63 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 62).
The supercritical CO2 power conversion system is of interest for advanced nuclear reactor applications because the same efficiencies are obtained as for the most developed of the closed gas-turbine cycles (helium-Brayton), but at lower temperatures and higher pressures. The original in-house code, named CYCLES, could potentially be used by others who are researching the S-CO2 cycle, but it has its shortcomings. In particular, CYCLES does not factor in the pressure drops due to pipes and plena. Also, for new users, it takes a significant amount of time to fully understand how to use the code. The objectives of this thesis were to modify CYCLES to ensure that pipe and plena effects were included, and to improve the readability and functionality of the code. Changes to CYCLES are included in the rewritten code, named CYCLES II, and are also documented in this thesis. Furthermore, documentation of the program input and output is given, along with a flow chart of the algorithm logic. Two applications of the code are provided to show the effect of the pipes and plena on cycle performance. In comparing the cycle efficiency with and without the effects of the pipes and plena, for a 300 MWe S-CO2 Brayton power conversion system, the results indicate that the net cycle efficiency drops from 49% to 45% when pipes and plena of reasonable dimensions are included in the calculations. The losses are dominated by the low pressure pipe and plena segments. However, the effects of the pipes and plena on cycle efficiency are not characteristic of the S-CO2 cycle only. All Brayton cycles have this same issue, and the effects are worse for the helium-Brayton cycle because it operates at lower pressures.
by David M. Legault.
S.B.
7
Upson, Matthew A. "The carbon storage benefits of agroforestry and farm woodlands". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9298.
Streszczenie:
Planting trees on agricultural land either as farm woodlands or agroforestry (trees integrated with farming) is one option for reducing the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Trees store carbon as biomass, and may increase carbon storage in the ground. A review of the literature outlined uncertainty relating to changes in carbon storage after planting trees on agricultural land. The aim of this thesis is to deter¬mine the impact of tree planting on arable and pasture land in terms of above and belowground carbon storage and thereby address these uncertainties, and assess the implications for the Woodland Carbon Code: a voluntary standard for carbon storage in UK woodlands. Measurements of soil organic carbon to a depth of 1.5 m were taken at two field sites in Bedfordshire in the UK: a 19 year old silvoarable trial, and a 14 year old silvopasture and farm woodland. On average 60% and 40% of the soil carbon (rel¬ative to 1.5 m) was found beneath 0.2 and 0.4 m in depth respectively. Whilst tree planting in the arable system showed gains in soil organic carbon (12.4 t C ha−1 at 0–40 cm), tree planting in the pasture was associated with losses of soil organic carbon (6.1–13.4 t C ha−1 at 0–10 cm). Evidence from a nearby mature grazed woodland indicate that these losses may be recovered. No differences associated with tree planting were found to the full 1.5 m, though this may be due to a lack of statistical power. Measurements of above and belowground biomass, and the root distribution of 19 year old poplar (Populus spp.) trees (at the silvoarable trial) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior) trees ranging from 7 to 21 years (at several field sites across Bedfordshire) were made, involving the destructive harvest of 48 trees. These measurements suggest that Forestry Commission yield tables overestimate yield for poplar trees grown in a silvoarable system. An allometric relationship for determining ash tree biomass from diameter measurements was established. The biophysical model Yield-SAFE was updated to take into account root growth, and was parameterised using field measurements. It was successfully used to describe existing tree growth at two sites, and was then used to predict future biomass carbon storage at the silvoarable trial. Measurements indicate that losses in soil carbon at relatively shallow depths can offset a large proportion of the carbon stored in tree biomass, but assessing changes on a site by site basis may be prohibitively expensive for schemes such as the Woodland Carbon Code.
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Oliveira, Sibele Pereira de. "Avaliação de cáries proximais por meio da microtomografia, tomografia Cone Beam e radiografias digitais". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-19122009-120959/.
Streszczenie:
A cárie dentária continua sendo um grande desafio para os Cirurgiões-Dentistas pela dificuldade de diagnóstico, sobretudo em superfícies proximais. Muitos equipamentos se destinam a facilitar o exame do paciente, tendo como principal objetivo o diagnóstico de cáries incipientes. Dentre os exames mais utilizados está a radiografia interproximal associada ao exame clínico. O Sistema Internacional de Avaliação e Detecção de Cáries (ICDAS) vem sendo bem aceito tanto para o uso clínico como para pesquisas in vitro e in vivo, apresentando ótimos resultados. Além da técnica interproximal, a tomografia cone beam (CBCT) vem entrando no cotidiano da Odontologia, mas pouco se sabe sobre o seu desempenho para avaliação de cáries iniciais em superfícies proximais. A microtomografia (CT) é um novo método de avaliação destinado a pequenos espécimes e se assemelha a uma versão em miniatura da tomografia axial computadorizada, gerando imagens na ordem de micrômetros. Este método vem sendo utilização em pesquisas para se avaliar tecidos mineralizados, devido à sua habilidade de aferir com precisão o coeficiente de atenuação linear. O método padrão ouro que define com maior precisão os estágios da cárie é o histológico. Contudo, para sua avaliação é necessário destruir os espécimes. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho do método ICDAS, de radiografias digitais pela técnica interproximal, da CBCT e da CT para lesões precoces de cárie, com relação à histologia. Houve correlação entre os dados obtidos com o sistema ICDAS para superfícies proximais e as imagens da CT, no que diz respeito à classificação quanto à profundidade das lesões. A CT tem correlação positiva com a histologia tanto na classificação das lesões como na profundidade, contudo esta relação poderia ser maior se uma melhor resolução fosse conseguida. As radiografias digitais pela técnica interproximal tiveram o melhor desempenho com relação à CT e à histologia, sendo este desempenho muito semelhante ao método clínico ICDAS. A CBCT obteve o pior desempenho, contudo ainda assim houve correlação positiva com a histologia e com a CT. A associação do método clínico ICDAS e as radiografias interproximais digitais tiveram o melhor desempenho com relação à histologia. A grande vantagem da microtomografia quando comparada a outros métodos de avaliação da doença cárie, é a manutenção da integridade dos espécimes, a informação tridimensional e isotrópica, possibilitando o uso dos espécimes em outro momento, sem a perda de eventuais características presentes nos mesmos.Dental caries is still a great challenge to dentists, manly in proximal surfaces due to its difficult diagnosis. Many types of equipment have been designed to minimize this problem, specially aiming early caries detection. Among all, one of the most used by clinicians is the interproximal radiograph. The International Caries Assessment System (ICDAS) is a clinical evaluation method that is well accepted and used having a good performance not only for in vivo but also for in vitro studies. Cone beam CT (CBCT) is also being assessed in the overall Dentistry, but its performance on early caries detection has not extensively being evaluated. Microtomography (CT) is a new assessment method which is addressed to small specimens and is similar to a miniature version of axial computed tomography, producing images with micrometrical definition. CT is being assessed in dental research to evaluate mineral content of hard tissues, due to its ability to measure precisely the linear attenuation coefficient. The gold standard method to measure early caries lesions is histological method. However, to perform it, its necessary to cut the specimen. This study had the aim to evaluate the ICDAS, digital X-rays with the interproximal technique, CBCT and CT performance for early caries lesions, when compared to histology. ICDAS for proximal surfaces and CT had a positive correlation through the lesions depth. CT had a positive correlation with histology when analyzing lesions depth and the classification relating to the severity of the lesion, although this relation could be better if a better resolution could be achieved. Digital bite-wing radiographs had the best performance among all exams when comparing to CT and histology, similar to what we notice with the ICDAS results. CBCT had the worst results when comparing to CT and histology, but it was still considered a good relation. The best performance was achieved with the association of ICDAS and digital bite-wing radiographs when comparing to histology. The great advantage of CT when compared to other validating methods to evaluate dental caries is that it doesnt destroy the specimens, it gives tridimensional and isotropic information, making possible to use the specimens again, without losing inner properties.
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Green, Crystal D. "Perceptions of Usefulness: Using the Holland Code Theory, Multiple Intelligences Theory, and Role Model Identification to Determine a Career Niche in the Fashion Industry for First-quarter Fashion Students". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1271450339.
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Lemaire, Matthieu. "Validation des calculs d'échauffements photoniques en réacteur d'irradiation au moyen du programme expérimental AMMON et du dispositif CARMEN". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4072/document.
Streszczenie:
Le Réacteur Jules Horowitz (RJH) est un réacteur d’irradiation technologique actuellement en construction au CEA Cadarache. Ce réacteur permettra de réaliser les études scientifiques sur le comportement des matériaux et des combustibles sous irradiation.Pour répondre aux enjeux du RJH, il est nécessaire de valider les outils de calcul des échauffements photoniques (les codes de calcul et la librairie européenne JEFF3.1.1 de données nucléaires) pour le cas spécifique du RJH. Cette problématique est traitée en 3 volets dans cette thèse.Le 1er volet a consisté à quantifier le biais de calcul dû aux données nucléaires de la librairie européenne JEFF3.1.1 pour les calculs d’échauffements photoniques dans le RJH. Ce travail repose sur l’interprétation, avec le code TRIPOLI-4, de mesures d’échauffements réalisées dans la maquette critique EOLE du CEA Cadarache.Le 2ème volet a consisté à obtenir des éléments sur les biais de calcul des échauffements photoniques dus aux méthodes de calcul elles-mêmes. La comparaison calcul / calcul entre différents codes Monte Carlo met en évidence l’importance du transport des particules chargées pour les calculs d’échauffements.Le 3ème volet de ce travail a consisté à fournir des points de comparaison calcul / mesure pour des mesures d’échauffements réalisées dans le réacteur OSIRIS avec une première version du dispositif CARMEN. Le dispositif CARMEN est un projet de dispositif de mesure multi-détecteur innovant pour le RJH. En conclusion, cette thèse a apporté des éléments de validation des calculs d’échauffements photoniques pour le RJH. Ces éléments ont d’ores et déjà été capitalisés pour les études de sûreté du RJHThe Jules Horowitz Reactor (JHR) is the next MTR under construction at CEA Cadarache research center. The JHR will be a major research infrastructure for the test of structural material and fuel behavior under irradiation.To be up to the challenges set by the JHR, It is necessary to validate photon-heating calculation tools (calculation codes and the European nuclear-data JEFF3.1.1 library) for specific use in the JHR. This topic is handled with a three-prong work plan. The first part consisted in quantifying the calculation bias due to the JEFF3.1.1 nuclear-data library on JHR photon-heating calculations. This work relies on the interpretation, with the TRIPOLI-4 code, of heating measurements carried out in the EOLE critical mock-up at CEA Cadarache.The second part of this work is dedicated to the determination of photon-heating calculation biases linked to the approximations of calculation schemes. The calculation / calculation comparison between different Monte Carlo codes highlights the importance of charged-particle transport for heating calculations.The third part of this work consisted in providing calculation / measurement comparisons for heating measurements carried out in the OSIRIS reactor with a prototype of the CARMEN device. The CARMEN device aims at measuring neutron flux, photon flux and nuclear heating simultaneously in the different experimental locations of JHR. In conclusion, this work brings forth validation elements for JHR photon-heating calculations. These elements are already taken into account for the estimation of biases and uncertainties associated with photon-heating calculations for JHR performance and safety studies
11
Mmelesi, Olga Kelebogile. "Synthesis and characterization of pine cone carbon supported iron oxide catalyst for dye and phenol degradation". Thesis, Vaal University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/418.
Streszczenie:
M. Tech. (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology), Vaal University of TechnologyFenton oxidation is classified into two processes, homogeneous and heterogeneous. Homogeneous Fenton oxidation process, have been shown to be efficient in the degradation of organic pollutants. However, it was shown to have limitations which can be addressed by the heterogeneous Fenton oxidation. Despite the high efficiency of the heterogeneous Fenton oxidation process in the degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants, the currents synthesis trends of the heterogeneous Fenton catalyst have been proven to be time and energy constraining, since it involves the multi-step were the activated carbon have to be prepared first then co-precipitate the iron oxide on the activated carbon. However, as much as the heterogeneous Fenton catalyst has been proven to have high catalytic activity towards degradation of organic pollutants, these catalysts have some limitations, such limitations include metal ions being leached from the catalyst support into the treated water causing catalyst deactivation and a secondary pollution to the treated water. In this thesis, these catalysts have been applied in the degradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants such as methylene blue and phenols. This study focuses on the single step synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles supported on activated carbon, were carbonaceous material is impregnated with iron salt then pyrolysed via microwave heating. Microwave power and the amount of iron salt were optimized. The prepared activated carbon-iron oxide composites were applied to the degradation of 2-nitrophenol (2-NP) and methylene blue (MB). Methylene blue was used as a model compound due to the fact that it is easier to monitor the degradation process with UV-Vis as compared to 2-nitrophenol . 2-nitrophenol the additional step for the adjustment of pH is required since nitrophenols are colorless in color at lower pH. The characterization showed that the microwave power and the amount of the iron precursor have an influence on the porosity and surface functional groups of the activated carbon. Further it was vi observed that microwave power and iron precursor influnces the amount of iron oxide formed on the surface of the support. It was also observed that the activated carbon-iron oxide composite have the catalytic effects on the Fenton oxidation process of MB and 2-NP. The parameters such as H2O2, pH, catalyst dose, initial concentration, temperature affect the degradation of both MB and 2-NP. Kinetics studies showed that Fenton is a surface driven reaction since the results fitted the pseudo first order model. The thermodynamics parameters also showed that the reaction is endothermic, spontaneous and is randomized. This implies that the reaction of the degradation of MB and 2-NP is feasible and the catalysts prepared have high catalytic activity. MB and 2-NP were degraded to smaller organic molecules (carboxylic acids). The stability of the catalyst observed to decrease as the number of cycles increased, this is due to the leaching of iron ions from the support material. Hence it was concluded that the activated carbon-iron oxide composite was successfully synthesized and had the high catalytic activity for the degradation of MB and 2-NP.
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Nixdorf, Timothy Allen. "A Mathematical Model for Carbon Nanoscrolls". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1406060123.
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Lemos, Bruno Rodrigues de Lana. "Ânions inorgânicos e black carbon em material particulado proveniente da combustão de mistura diesel e biodiesel". Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Exatas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2015. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000201752.
Streszczenie:
A utilização de misturas combustíveis do diesel com biodiesel vêm ocorrendo no Brasil sendo que em 2014 a mistura B5 (5% biodiesel/95% diesel) foi alterada para B6 e B7. A previsão para 2020 é da vigência do uso do B20. O LACA/INCT de Energia e Ambiente vem acompanhando desde 2000 as alterações nas emissões provenientes da combustão em veículos pesados (ônibus) medindo gases e material particulado e seus conteúdos orgânicos e inorgânicos. Há divergências em vários estudos sobre os aspectos positivos e negativos da utilização das misturas diesel/biodiesel em motores e seu impacto no ambiente. Sendo assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo das emissões de misturas em veículos pesados, em tempo real de operação. Material particulado, ânions inorgânicos majoritários (cloreto, nitrato e sulfato) e black carbon foram determinados no ambiente interno do terminal urbano central de Londrina. Os resultados mostraram que a média das concentrações das massas para o MP1,0 foi 21,83 ± 5,01 µg m-3, para o MP2,5 foi 26,79 ± 6,7 µg m-3 e para o MP10 foi 42,15 ± 14,97 µg m-3. Os ânions representaram 8,3% da massa do MP fino e 9,13% do MP grosso e o BC representou 85% do MP fino e 65% do grosso. A razão NO3-/SO4-2 foi 0,54 e 0,65 para o MP2,5 e 0,45 para o MP10. O sulfato foi o ânion observado em maior concentração.In brazil is being used diesel and biodiesel fuel blends, in 2014 the mixture B5 (5% biodiesel / 95% diesel) was changed to B6 and B7. The prediction for 2020 is the course of the use of B20. The LACA laboratory (INCT Energy and Environment) has been following since 2000 changes in emissions from the combustion of heavy vehicles (buses) measured gases, particulate matter, and its organic and inorganic content. There are differences in several studies on the positive and negative aspects of the use of diesel / biodiesel blends in engines and its impact on the environment. Thus, this study aimed to study the emissions of mixtures of heavy vehicles, real-time operation. Particulate matter, majority inorganic anions (chloride, nitrate and sulfate) and black carbon (BC) were determined in the internal environment of the central city of Londrina terminal. The results showed that the mean concentrations for the mass was 21.83 ± 5.01 MP1,0 µg m-3 for the PM2.5 was 26.79 ± 6.7 mg m-3 and PM10 was 42.15 ± 14.97 µg m-3. The anions represented 8.3% of the fine PM mass and 9.13% of the large MP and BC represented 85% of fine PM and 65% thicker. The NO3-/SO4-2 ratio was 0.54 e 0.65 for PM2.5 and 0.45 for PM10. The sulfate anion was observed at higher concentration.
14
Steijger, L. A. "Evaluating the feasibility of 'zero carbon' compact dwellings in urban areas". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13464.
Streszczenie:
Reducing the carbon footprint of domestic properties is, due to global warming and social impact of increased energy costs, an ever increasing priority. Although the compulsive building standards are set by the building regulation part L1, The Code for Sustainable Homes have set more stringent requirements above the requirements of Building Regulations to achieve zero carbon emissions during occupation. This Code for Sustainable Homes (CSH) requires all new homes to be zero carbon by 2016. Land scarcity and lower number of people per household forces developers to develop compact apartment-based dwellings on brown field sites, constraining the design. The aim of this research is to understand the effect of practical constraints on real building design and technology on achieving zero carbon performance in compact urban dwellings in a maritime northern European climate. In this work, currently commercially implementable renewable generation technologies are evaluated for their suitability in a compact urban setting. A model-based approach is developed to evaluate the energy consumption (both regulated and unregulated) and energy balance under the specific constraints of compact urban buildings. Graphical representation enables the introduction of a demand envelope, which shows the boundaries of the minimum and maximum expected thermal and electrical energy consumption over one year period. The research has three key findings: 1. Due to variations in energy consumption by the occupants, mainly by the unregulated energy consumption, multiple renewable energy technologies would have to be implemented to achieve the lowest possible carbon emission. 2. Although the combination of PV, CHP and HP is the generation option with the lowest carbon emissions, it is not completely carbon free when producing the required electrical and thermal energy. This suggests that there is a high likelihood that zero-carbon energy generation can not be achieved in this case study of a compact urban dwelling with the currently available technology. 3. The simulations show that with highly insulated dwellings the amount of space heating required is less than 10% of the overall energy consumption, as opposed to the 60% generally achieved in the building industry. Subsequent on-site measurements showed an estimation of just under 30% of the total energy consumption was used in space heating, which is higher than the simulated value, but still less than half that of a conventional dwelling. The main academic recommendation resulting from this research is a requirement for further ongoing research into new generation technologies as they become mature. Recommendations for the sponsoring company include continuation of measurements at the case study building to enable confirmation of energy consumption/generation findings so far.
15
Nanicuacua, Daniel Morais. "Avaliação de carbon black quimicamente modificado com 3-mercaptopropiltrimetoxisilano para pré-concentração de Pb2+ empregando sistema FIA-FAAS". Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Exatas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2016. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000206355.
Streszczenie:
No presente trabalho carbon black comercial foi modificado empregando 3-mercaptopropiltrimetoxisilano e, posteriormente, utilizado como adsorvente para pré-concentração de íons Pb2+, por meio do sistema de injeção em fluxo (FIA) acoplado a espectrometria de absorção atômica em chama (FAAS). A modificação da superfície de carbon black foi realizada por oxidação com ácido nítrico (HNO3) concentrado, seguida por funcionalização empregando 3-mercaptopropiltrimetoxisilano (3-MPTS). O material adsorvente resultante do processo de modificação foi caracterizado por espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS), difração de raios-X (XRD), análise termogravimétrica (TGA), espectroscopia Raman e analise textural (área superficial, volume e diâmetro de poros). Com o objetivo de otimizar os parâmetros que exercem influência no processo de pré-concentração de íons Pb2+ tais como pH, concentração da solução tampão, concentração do eluente, vazão de pré-concentração e massa de adsorvente, foi realizado um planejamento fatorial fracionário 25-1, e na seqüência, as variáveis pH e concentração da solução tampão foram otimizadas através de uma matriz de Doehlert. Sob condições otimizadas do método proposto foram obtidos fator de pré-concentração, limite de detecção, limite de quantificação e faixa de linear de 28,0; 1,35 µg L-1; 4,48 µg L-1 e 4,48 - 220,0 µg L-1 (R2 = 0,9999), respectivamente. A precisão do método de pré-concentração em termos de repetibilidade foi calculada como o desvio padrão relativo (RSD) de 10 medidas de padrões de 10,0 e 160,0 µg L-1, rendendo RSD de 3,0 e 2,3%, respectivamente. Estudos comparativos do material modificado mostraram que o carbon black funcionalizado apresentou melhor desempenho adsortivo em relação ao carbon black in natura e oxidado. Adicionalmente aos resultados, o método foi aplicado em amostras naturais de água do lago, da torneira, mineral e soro fisiológico com resultados de recuperação variando de 91,0 108,0 % e sua exatidão foi verificada por meio de análise de material certificado de referência (MESS-3) pelo testet de Student com intervalo de confiança de 95%.In this study, commercial carbon black was modified by using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane with further use as adsorbent for the preconcentration of Pb2+ ions by means of flow injection system (FIA) coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The surface modification of carbon black (CB) was carried out by the oxidation with concentrated HNO3 followed by functionalization of CB surface with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane. The resulting adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and textural analysis (surface area and volume and diameter of pores). With aim to optimize the parameters that exert influence on the pre-concentration of Pb2+ ions as, pH, buffer concentration, concentration of eluent, preconcentration flow rate and mass of adsorbent, a 25-1 fractional factorial design was performed and in the sequence, pH and buffer concentration were optimized through a Doehlert matrix. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method furnished preconcentration factor, limit of detection and quantification and linear range of 28,0; 1,35 µg L-1; 4,48 µg L-1 and 4,48 220,0 µg L-1 (R2=0,9999), respectively. The precision of the method assessed in terms of repeatability was calculated as the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 10 measurements of standard solution of 10,0 and 160,0 µg L-1, yielding RSD of 3.0 and 2.28%, respectively. Comparative studies of the modified material showed that functionalized carbon black presented a better performance than oxidized carbon black. In addition to these results, the proposed method was applied to natural samples of water, medicinal herb (Ginkgo Biloba) and physiological serum with recovery results ranging from 91,0 108,0 % and its accuracy was assessed by means of analysis of certified reference material (MESS-3) by Student's t test with confidence interval of 95%.
16
Vikström, Anton. "Curvature-Induced Energy Band Tilting in Finite-Length Carbon Nanotubes". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-49673.
Streszczenie:
The near-Fermi-energy energy band structure of carbon nanotubes is given by cross-sections of the graphene Dirac cones near the K and K' points. Using second-order perturbation theory and a nearest-neighbor approximated tight-binding model, curvature-induced corrections to the graphene-based effective model are derived. In addition to the already known Dirac-point shift, the curvature is shown to cause not only a warping of the Dirac cone, tantamount to a slight compression and a correction to the overall Fermi velocity, but also a tilting of the Dirac cone and the associated nanotube energy bands. This tilting results in a velocity asymmetry for left- and right-going waves and two different kinds of excitations, allowing for varying degeneracy in the same sample. Previous experiments have shown irregularities in the level degeneracy and should be reconsidered in this context.Energibandstrukturen för kolnanorör ges av tvärsnitt av grafens Dirac-koner nära K- och K'-punkterna. Medelst andra ordningens störningsteori och en tight-binding-modell med närmaste-granne-approximationen härleds de kurvaturinducerade korrektionerna till den grafenbaserade effektiva modellen. Utöver det redan kända Dirac-punkt-skiftet så visas kurvaturen orsaka inte bara en förvrängning av Dirac-konen, liktydigt med en mild kompression och en korrektion till den övergripande fermihastigheten, utan också en lutning av Dirac-konen och de associerade nanorörsenergibanden. Denna lutning resulterar i en hastighetsasymmetri för vänster- och högergående vågor och två olika sorters excitationer, vilket tillåter för varierande degeneration i samma prov. Tidigare experiment har visat oregelbundenheter i nivådegenerationen och bör omprövas i denna kontext.
17
Santos, L?lia Paula de Souza. "Condi??o bucal prec?ria e seu impacto na qualidade de vida". Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2016. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/458.
Streszczenie:
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Oral health problems are increasingly receiving recognition as important factors that impact quality of life. Socio-dental survey instruments can be used to evaluate this impact, and along with clinical evaluations, are important sources of knowledge for the planning and implementation of health policies that allow the intervention positively. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the association between oral clinical condition and the perception of its impact on quality of life, taking into account the physical, psychological and social dimensions related to quality of life of individuals attended to in the public health units of Feira de Santana - BA. METHODS: Cross-sectional study developed with adult individuals attended in Family Health Units and the Center for Diabetic and Hypertensive care in the municipality of Feira de Santana--BA. The data were collected through the interviews with application of a questionaire with issues about socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, general and oral health condition characteristics, conducting a full oral clinical examination and application of OHIP-14. The statistical analysis included descriptive evaluation of the variables of interest and comparing the total OHIP scores according to the variables of oral health. Association measurements, prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), between the occurrence of periodontitis and / or presence of dental caries and the impact on quality of life were obtained by poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: they were presented as two scientific articles. In the first article, the findings showed statistically significant associations between dental caries (PRadjusted: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.02-2.01) and severe periodontitis (PRadjusted: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.00-2.98) with the impact of oral health on quality of life. In the second article, it was observed the association between the presence of dental caries combined with periodontitis and the impact of quality of life in oral health (PRadjusted: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.03-2.59). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study showed that precarious oral health and accumulation of dental needs (dental caries and periodontitis combined) are associated with self-perceived oral health according the oral health impact profile (OHIP).
Problemas de sa?de bucal t?m sido cada vez mais reconhecidos como fatores importantes que causam impacto na qualidade de vida. Instrumentos sociodentais s?o utilizados para obten??o deste impacto e juntamente com a avalia??o cl?nica s?o importantes fontes de conhecimento para o planejamento e a implementa??o de pol?ticas p?blicas de sa?de que possibilitem a interven??o de forma positiva. OBJETIVO: avaliar a associa??o entre condi??o cl?nica bucal e a percep??o do seu impacto na qualidade de vida de indiv?duos atendidos na rede p?blica de Feira de Santana ? BA.M?TODO: Estudo transversal desenvolvido com indiv?duos adultos atendidos em Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia e no Centro de Atendimento ao Diab?tico e Hipertenso do munic?pio de Feira de Santana ? BA. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista com aplica??o de question?rio que abordava itens sobre caracter?sticas socioecon?mico-demogr?ficas, estilo de vida, condi??o de sa?de geral e bucal, realiza??o de exame cl?nico bucal completo e aplica??o do OHIP-14. A an?lise estat?stica compreendeu avalia??o descritiva das vari?veis de interesse e compara??o dos escores totais do OHIP segundo as vari?veis da condi??o bucal. Medidas de associa??o, raz?o de preval?ncia (RP) e intervalo de confian?a a 95% (IC95%), entre ocorr?ncia da periodontite e/ou presen?a de c?rie dent?ria e o seu impacto na qualidade de vida foram obtidas por meio da Regress?o de Poisson com vari?ncia robusta.RESULTADOS: Foram apresentados em forma de dois artigos cient?ficos. No primeiro artigo, os achados mostraram associa??es estatisticamente significantes entre a ocorr?ncia de c?rie dent?ria (RPajustada: 1,43; IC95%: 1,02-2,01) e da periodontite grave (RPajustada: 1,72; IC95%: 1,00-2,98) com o impacto da sa?de bucal na qualidade de vida. No segundo artigo, foi observada a associa??o entre presen?a de c?rie dent?ria combinada a periodontite com o impacto da qualidade de vida na sa?de bucal (RPajustada: 1,63; IC95%: 1,03-2,59). CONCLUS?ES: Os achados deste estudo mostraram que a condi??o bucal prec?ria e ac?mulo de necessidades bucais (c?rie dent?ria e periodontite combinadas) est?o associados coma autopercep??o da sa?de bucal conforme o perfil de impacto na sa?de bucal(OHIP).
18
Piracelli, Victor Pontes. "Emissões de poluentes atmosféricos em condições reais de pavimentação asfáltica. Material particulado (MP), black carbon (BC) e hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPA)". Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 2015. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000202819.
Streszczenie:
O uso intensivo de asfalto gera poluentes para atmosfera sendo nocivo ao ambiente e preocupante quanto à saúde ocupacional. A aplicação de produtos asfálticos conduz à emissão de concentrações significativas de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPA) e material particulado (MP) para a atmosfera. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar as emissões de poluentes para a atmosfera em condições reais de pavimentação asfáltica através da amostragem e quantificação de MP, BC e HPA nas frações particulada fina e grossa, assim como HPA na fase gasosa, provenientes de duas ocasiões. Na duplicação da rodovia PR-445 em Londrina, Paraná os intervalos de concentrações diárias para MP1,0, MP2,5, MP10, BC1,0, BC2,5 e BC10 foram respectivamente, 5,6 ? 20,5; 6,3 ? 24,2; 20,6 ? 66,7; 2,0 ? 6,8; 1,8 ? 6,5 e 1,4 ? 3,4 µg m-3. Durante a reforma do asfalto no interior do terminal de ônibus urbano de Londrina os intervalos foram 15,1 - 75,1; 19,7 ? 144,9; 5,1 ? 14,6 e 4,9 ? 16,2 µg m-3 para MP1,0, MP2,5, BC1,0, BC2,5, respectivamente. Considerando a ?HPA os intervalos de concentrações diárias em fase gasosa, no MP1,0, no MP2,5, e no MP10 foram, respectivamente, 937 ? 1700; 12 ? 52; 12 ? 37 e 26 ? 32 ng m-3 na duplicação da PR-445 e na reforma do terminal 136 ? 2790; 3 ? 183 e 2 ? 194 ng m-3, respectivamente, para fase gasosa, MP1,0 e MP2,5. Os elevados valores de concentração de MP obtida no presente trabalho é preocupante considerando os limites estabelecidos pelos órgãos ambientais. A aplicação de derivados asfálticos propicia a emissão de HPA tanto na fase particulada quanto na gasosa, assim como os de maior e de menor massa molar. Considerando o número de anéis, os HPA de menor número são emitidos em concentração mais elevada. Espera-se que os resultados deste trabalho possam propiciar informações uteis à sociedade de forma a beneficiar práticas de menor impacto ambiental e de proteção à saúde.The intensive use of asphalt generates pollutants into the atmosphere being harmful to the environment and worrying about the occupational health. The application of asphalt products leads to the emission of significant concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulate matter (PM) to the atmosphere. This paper aims to assess the emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere in real conditions of asphalt paving through sampling and quantification of MP, BC and PAH in fine and coarse particulate fractions, as well as HPA in the gas phase, from two occasions. Intervals of the daily concentrations for PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10, BC1.0, BC2.5 and BC10 were respectively, 5.6 - 20.5; 6.3 - 24.2; 20.6 - 66.7; 2.0 - 6.8; 1.8 - 6.5 and 1.4 - 6.4 ug m-3 in the doubling of PR-445 highway in Londrina, Paraná and that of to the reform of the Londrina urban central terminal asphalt were 15.1 - 75.1; 19.7 - 144.9; 5.1 - 14.6 and 4.9 - 16.2 ug m-3 to PM1.0, PM2.5, BC1.0 and BC2.5, respectively. For ?PAH, intervals daily concentrations in the gas phase, in MP1.0 in PM2.5, and PM10 was respectively, 937 - 1700; 12 - 52; 12 - 37 e 26 - 32 ng m-3 in the doubling of PR-445 and that of to the terminal reform, 136 - 2790; 3 - 183 e 2 - 194 ng m-3 respectively for gas phase MP1.0 and PM2.5. The concentration range of MP obtained by this work is worrying considering the limits set by environmental agencies. The application of asphalt leads to the emission of PAHs in both the particulate and the gas phase, as well as higher and lower molecular weight. Considering the number of rings, the smaller PAHs are emitted at a higher concentration. It is expected that the results of this study may provide useful information to society to benefit practices with less environmental impact and health protection.
19
Wuo, Alexandre do Valle. "Mensuração do torque de desaperto do componente protético em conexão do tipo cone-morse em implantes dentários utilizando deposição de carbono sobre a superfície de atrito". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23147/tde-08042009-112639/.
Streszczenie:
Os implantes cone morse apresentam um travamento e vedamento por meio de atrito entre as paredes do implante e do pilar protético. Nos sistemas convencionais do tipo Hexágono externo e interno, para reduzir o afrouxamento dos parafusos protéticos, são utilizados materiais de cobertura de superfície, como carbono e ouro. Não foram encontradas referências na literatura da utilização desse tipo de deposição em componentes do sistema cone morse. O propósito desse estudo é mensurar, registrar e avaliar os valores do torque de desaperto em pilares protéticos dos tipos sólido e parafuso passante do sistema cone morse com a deposição de carbono na zona de atrito do pilar protético. Foram utilizados 40 implantes cone morse com seus respectivos pilares divididos em 4 grupos (n=10): G1- pilar sólido; G2- pilar sólido com deposição de carbono na zona de atrito do sistema morse; G3- estudo somente do parafuso do pilar passante; G4- estudo somente do parafuso do pilar passante com deposição de carbono na ponta ativa; G5- estudo somente do pilar passante sem ação do parafuso; G6- estudo somente do pilar passante revestido em carbono na zona de atrito do sistema morse sem ação do parafuso. Cada pilar recebeu uma seqüência de 5 apertos e desapertos (20Ncm para o pilar sólido e 10Ncm para o parafuso passante). Os resultados mostraram no teste estatístico ANOVA para dois fatores de variação (desaperto e carbono), haver diferença estatística significante entre os grupos: G1 maior que G2 (p < 0,01); G4 maior que G3 (p < 0,01); G6 maior que G5 (p < 0,01). Esse estudo concluiu que o grupo controle G1 mostrou maior valor através da media aritmética (23,706 Ncm) em relação ao grupo experimental G2 (22,114 Ncm); o grupo experimental G4 mostrou maior valor através da media aritmética (8,218 Ncm) em relação ao grupo controle G3 (7,354 Ncm) e o grupo experimental G6 mostrou maior valor através da media aritmética (10,268 Ncm) em relação ao grupo controle G5 (6,906 Ncm), mostrou também que não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,01) para o fator desaperto em todos os grupos estudados, ou seja, não houve interferência da deformação do material com a repetição dos ciclos de aperto e desaperto.The morse taper implants present a locking and sealing by means of the attrition between implants internal walls and the abutment. In the external and internal conventional hexagon system, to reduce the prosthetic screw loosing, its used covering surface materials, as carbon and gold. Literature reference using these kind of surface deposition were not found in morse taper abutment implants. The aim of this study is to measure, register and evaluate the removal torque values in morse taper solid abutment and passing screw abutment with carbon deposition in attrition zone. They were used 40 morse taper implants with their respective abutments divided in 4 groups (n = 10): G1 solid abutment; G2 - solid abutment with carbon deposition in attrition zone; G3 evaluation only in the screw of the passing abutment; G4 - evaluation only in the screw of the passing abutment with carbon deposition in the screw thread; G5 - evaluation only in the passing abutment without the screw action; G6 - evaluation only in the passing abutment with carbon deposition in attrition zone without the screw action. Each abutment received a sequence of 5 tightening and removal torque (20Ncm in solid abutment and 10Ncm in passant screw abutment). The results of ANOVA statistic test for two factors of variation (removal torque and carbon), showed that there is significant statistic difference between the groups: G1 higher than G2 (p < 0.01); G4 higher than G3 (p < 0.01); G6 higher than G5 (p < 0.01). This study concluded that control group G1 showed a higher value through the arithmetical media (23.706Ncm) in relation of the experimental group G2 (22.114Ncm); the experimental group G4 showed higher value through the arithmetical media (8.218Ncm) in relation of the control group G3 (7.354Ncm) and the experimental group G6 showed higher values through the arithmetical media (10.268Ncm) in relation of the control group G5 (6.906Ncm), and also showed that there was not significant difference (p < 0.01) to the removal torque factor in all the groups studied, that is, there was not a material deformation interference with the tightening and removal torque cycles repetition.
20
Villegas, Navarro Fernanda. "Micro/nanometric Scale Study of Energy Deposition and its Impact on the Biological Response for Ionizing Radiation : Brachytherapy radionuclides, proton and carbon ion beams". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medicinsk strålningsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-279385.
Streszczenie:
Research in radiotherapy for cancer treatment focuses on finding methods that can improve the compromise between tumour cell inactivation versus damage to the surrounding healthy tissue. As new radiation modalities such as proton therapy become accessible for everyday clinical practice, a better understanding of the variation in biological response of the tumour and healthy tissues would improve treatment planning to achieve optimal outcome. The development of radiobiological models capable of accurate predictions of biological effectiveness is needed. Existing radiation quality descriptors such as absorbed dose and LET are insufficient to explain variation in biological effectiveness for different treatment modalities. The stochastic nature of ionizing radiation creates discrete patterns of energy deposition (ED) sites which can now be analysed through sophisticated computer simulations (e.g. Monte Carlo track structure codes). This opens the possibility to develop a nanometre characterization of radiation quality based on the spatial cluster patterns of ED. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the track structure (ED spatial pattern) properties of several radiation qualities at a micro- and nanometric scale while exploring their influence in biological response through correlations with published experimental data. This work uses track structure data simulated for a set of 15 different radiation qualities: 4 commonly used brachytherapy sources, 6 different proton energies, 4 different carbon ion energies, and 60Co photons used as reference radiation for quantification of biological effectiveness. At a micrometre level, the behaviour of the microdosimetric spread in energy deposition for target sizes of the order of cell nuclei was analysed. The degree of the influence it had in the biological response was found to be negligible for photon sources but for protons and carbon ions the impact increased with decreasing particle energy suggesting it may be a confounding factor in biological response. Finally, this thesis outlines a framework for modelling the relative biological effectiveness based on the frequency distribution of cluster order as a surrogate for the nanometre classification for the physical properties of radiation quality. The results indicate that this frequency is a valuable descriptor of ionizing radiation. The positive correlation across the different types of ionizing radiation encourages further development of the framework by incorporating the behavior of the microdosimetric spread and expanding tests to other experimental datasets.
21
Sipahioglu, Melike Bengu. "Effects Of Nanoadditives And Different Conventional Flame Retardants On The Flammability Of Polystyrene". Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614395/index.pdf.
Streszczenie:
In this thesis, there were four purposes. The first one was to investigate effects of nanoclays (NC) on the flammability behavior of polystyrene (PS). The second purpose was to investigate contribution of nanoclays to the flame retardancy performance of conventional phosphorus based flame retardanttriphenyl phosphate (TPP) and its synergist melamine cyanurate (MCA). For the third purpose contribution of nanoclays to the flame retardancy performance of another conventional halogenated flame retardant
brominated epoxy polymer (BE) and its synergist antimony trioxide (AO) was investigated. As the fourth purpose, effects of another nanoadditive
carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the flammability behavior of PS with and without BE-AO flame retardant system was investigated. Materials were prepared via &ldquo
solution mixing&rdquo
method, while test specimens were shaped by compression and injection molding. Flammability behaviors were investigated by Mass Loss Cone Calorimeter (MLC), Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) and UL-94 Vertical Burning tests. Other characterization techniques required in this thesis were
X-ray diffraction analyses, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analyses and tensile tests. It was revealed that use of nanoclays improved flame retardancy of PS significantly, mainly with &ldquo
condensed phase&rdquo
mechanism via formation of strong char barrier layers inhibiting mass and heat transfer. When nanoclays were used together with conventional flame retardant systems TPP-MCA and BE-AO, flame retardancy parameters improved further, this time due to the &ldquo
synergistic action&rdquo
of &ldquo
condensed phase mechanism&rdquo
of nanoclays and &ldquo
gas phase mechanism&rdquo
of the conventional systems. Use of carbon nanotubes also resulted in improvements in the flame retardancy of PS. However, &ldquo
condensed phase mechanism&rdquo
of CNTs were not as effective as the NCs, which might be due to the lower performance of 1D geometry (CNTs) compared to higher efficiency of 2D geometry (NC) in barrier formation. As an additional purpose, effects of mixing methods in the production of PS-Nanoclay composites were also investigated. It was seen that compared to &ldquo
solution mixing&rdquo
use of &ldquo
in-situ polymerization&rdquo
resulted in poorer flame retardancy parameters that might basically be due to residual monomers or oligomers left during polymerization.
22
Glavin, Kevin W. "The Role of Distinctiveness in Assessing Vocational Personality Types". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1236741098.
23
Misiurev, Denis. "Strukturální a elektrické vlastnosti PVDF-CNT kompozitu". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442593.
Streszczenie:
Electrospininig se osvědčil jako jeden z nejpopulárnějších a nejrozšířenějších způsobů výroby vysoce kvalitních vláken s požadovanými parametry. Kvalita a morfologie vyráběných vláken závisí na mnoha parametrů, jako je vlhkost, dávka materiálu, aplikované napětí atd. Omezení keramických piezomateriálů (křehkost, toxicita vzorků obsahujících olovo, obtížnost přípravy složitých tvarů atd.) vynutila výzkum v oblasti piezoelektrických polymerů. Jedním z nich je polyvinylidenfluorid (PVDF). polyvinylidenfluorid může by být připraven v různých formách: tenké filmy, objemové vzorky, vlákna. PVDF vlákna přitahují největší pozornost díky vysoké flexibilitě, nízké hmotnosti, mechanické stabilitě a chemické inertnosti. Vlastnosti PVDF vláken lze zlepšit pomocí doplňujících materiálů: keramické částice, kovové nanočástice, Graphicitové materiály jako jsou oxid Graphicenu nebo uhlíkové nanotrubičky (CNT).
24
Freitas, Ricardo Miguel Costa de. "Desenvolvimento de um modelo experimental de crioablação vertebral em suínos guiada por tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5151/tde-11012016-124855/.
Streszczenie:
INTRODUÇÃO: A criocirurgia (crioablação) percutânea em tecidos ósseos próximos da medula espinhal e sistema nervoso periférico tem sido feita na prática clínica, porém sem estudos experimentais que provem sua segurança e eficácia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um modelo experimental suíno in vivo de crioablação vertebral guiada por tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Um estudo preliminar de morfometria da coluna vertebral suína por imagens de TCFC foi realizado. Um protocolo específico de crioablação foi criado para adaptar a bola de gelo às dimensões da vértebra suína e testado em modelos in vitro, ex vivo e in vivo. MÉTODOS: O comitê institucional de cuidados com os animais aprovou este estudo. Dezesseis parâmetros anatômicos foram medidos em 36 vértebras lombares suínas e comparados às medidas aferidas nas imagens de TCFC e TC multidetectores (TCMD). Três simuladores in vitro / ex vivo foram desenvolvidos para o posicionamento de sensores de temperatura (termopares) em volta de uma sonda de congelamento. As isotermas foram obtidas durante um protocolo duplo de congelamento-descongelamento de 2-8 minutos. Vinte e duas crioablações vertebrais guiadas por TCFC foram realizadas em oito suínos, mediante termometria e dissecção por dióxido de carbono (CO2) no espaço epidural a fim de proteger os nervos. O seguimento clínico foi realizado até seis dias antes da eutanásia. Os dados clínicos e radiológicos foram correlacionados com o estudo histopatológico à microscopia de luz (n=20) ou eletrônica de transmissão (n=2). RESULTADOS: Na avaliação anatômica da coluna lombar suína a TCFC se mostrou um método de imagem comparável à TCMD e ao estudo anatômico, com correlação significativa (p < 0,05) em todas as variáveis, exceto aquelas que incluiu o tecido cartilaginoso dos planaltos vertebrais. As isotermas registradas foram mais frias no modelo ex vivo imerso em gel (-34 °C e -2 °C; -30 °C e 3 °C; -10 °C e 13 °C, respectivamente), do que nos modelos in vitro (-23 °C e 3 °C; -7 °C e 10 °C; 1 °C e 16 °C) ou ex vivo sem gel (-30 °C e 28 °C). No estudo in vivo, a demonstração das sondas de congelamento no corpo vertebral e do CO2 epidural pelas imagens de TCFC foi bem sucedida em todos os procedimentos. A taxa de complicação maior foi de 4,5%. A distância entre a sonda de congelamento e o canal vertebral (Cp-Sc) foi o parâmetro mais eficiente para categorizar as temperaturas do canal vertebral inferiores a 19 °C à análise do modelo de regressão logística (p < 0,004). Nenhum infiltrado inflamatório perineural foi identificado à microscopia de luz. O suíno cujas vertebras foram submetidas a análise ultraestrutural não apresentou déficit neurológico, embora tenha sido evidenciada a ruptura da bainha de mielina em algumas fibras neurais maiores. CONCLUSÕES: A TCFC foi validada como método de imagens para a análise de vértebras suínas. O modelo ex vivo em gel caracterizou melhor a preservação do frio no tecido ósseo. A combinação de um protocolo específico de congelamento associado a medidas de proteção epidural tornou viável e exequível a crioablação vertebral suína guiada por TCFC. A análise ultraestrutural mostrou modificações precoces das fibras nervosas, sem correlação clínicaINTRODUCTION: Percutaneous spine cryosurgery (cryoablation) close to nerves and spinal cord has been performed in the clinical practice, however without experimental studies proving its safety and efficacy. The aim of this work was to develop an experimental swine model of in vivo cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) guided vertebral cryoablation. A preliminary morphometric study of the porcine spine by CBCT imaging was carried out. A specific cryoablation protocol was proposed to adapt the \"ice ball\" to the swine vertebrae dimensions. Subsequently, the protocol was tested in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models. METHODS: The institutional animal care committee approved this study. Sixteen anatomical parameters were measured in 36 lumbar swine vertebrae and compared to the same measurements of the CBCT and multidetector CT (MDCT). Three models of in vitro / ex vivo studies were developed for the positioning of thermocouples around the cryoprobe. Isotherms were obtained from measured temperatures for each minute during a 2-8 minutes double freezing-thawing protocol. Twenty -two CBCT-guided vertebral cryoablations were performed in eight pigs. Epidural thermocouples registered the temperatures while carbon dioxide (CO2) was injected in the epidural space to protect nerves. The clinical follow-up was carried out until six days before euthanasia. Clinical and radiologic data were correlated to the histopathology study with light microscopy (n=20) or electron transmission microscopy (n=2). RESULTS: CBCT was proven to be a comparable imaging method to MDCT with significant correlation (p < 0.05) in all variables, except in those including the cartilaginous tissue of the vertebral plateau. The registered isotherms were colder in the ex vivo model embedded in gel (-34 °C and -2 °C; -30 °C and 3 °C; -10 °C and 13 °C, respectively) than in the in vitro model (-23 °C and 3 °C; -7 °C and 10 °C; 1 °C and 16 °C) or the ex vivo model without gel (-30 °C and 28 °C). In the in vivo study the CBCT imaging was well succeeded to demonstrate the cryoprobes inserted in the vertebral body and the epidural CO2 in all procedures. The major complication rate was 4.5%. The distance between the cryoprobe and the spinal canal (Cp-Sc) was the most efficient parameter to categorize the vertebral canal temperatures below 19 °C in the logistic regression model analysis (p < 0.004). Perineural inflammatory infiltrate was not identified in the light microscopy analysis. One swine did not present neurological deficits, although the ultra-structural analysis has evidenced myelin sheath disruption in some large neural fibers. CONCLUSIONS: The CBCT imaging was validated as an imaging method for the swine vertebrae analysis. The ex vivo model embedded in gel featured better the cold preservation in the bone tissue. The combination of a specific freezing protocol associated with epidural protective measures allowed the feasibility of the CBCT-guided vertebral cryoablation in the swine model. The ultra-structural analysis showed early modifications of the nerve fibers
25
Dextre, Flores José Carlos. "La dimensión humanística en la formación del contador público". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114765.
Streszczenie:
The objective of this article is to show the importance of the humanistic approach of the accounting student considering the social orientation of accounting knowledge whose main objectives are the preparation, interpretation and assessing of the financial information of the different economical events. These reflections results from three years work devoted to the preparation and implementation of a new career program based on competences for the Facultad de Administración y Contabilidad of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP) and the result of a research about the needs and interests of the academic, social and business agents related to the accounting field. The career program adopted take the graduated of the career to prepare moral positive judgments and to understand that the occupation training is just a part of the human approach.El propósito de este artículo es presentar la importancia de la formación humanística del estudiante de la carrera de Contabilidad teniendo en cuenta el carácter social del conocimiento contable cuyos principales objetivos son la preparación, interpretación y evaluación de la información financiera de los eventos económicos producidos. Estas reflexiones son el fruto de más de tres años de trabajo empleados en la confección e implementación de un nuevo plan de estudios basado en competencias para la carrera de Contabilidad de la Facultad de Administración y Contabilidad de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP) y resultado de una investigación sobre las necesidades e intereses de los agentes académicos, sociales y empresariales vinculados al quehacer contable. El plan de estudios adoptado predispone al egresado de la disciplina a elaborar juicios morales positivos y a entender que la educación profesional solo es una parte de la formación humana.
26
Tan, Mustafa Tumer. "Seismic Strengthening Of A Mid-rise Reinforced Concrete Frame Using Cfrps: An Application From Real Life". Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610562/index.pdf.
Streszczenie:
SEISMIC STRENGTHENING OF A
MID-RISE REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAME
USING CFRPs: AN APPLICATION FROM REAL LIFE
Tan, Mustafa Tümer M.S., Department Of Civil Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Gü
ney Ö
zcebe Co-Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. BariS Binici May 2009, 162 pages FRP retrofitting allows the utilization of brick infill walls as lateral load resisting elements. This practical retrofit scheme is a strong alternative to strengthen low to mid-rise deficient reinforced concrete (RC) structures in Turkey. The advantages of the FRP applications, to name a few, are the speed of construction and elimination of the need for building evacuation during construction. In this retrofit scheme, infill walls are adopted to the existing frame system by using FRP tension ties anchored the boundary frame using FRP dowels. Results of experiments have previously shown that FRP strengthened infill walls can enhance lateral load carrying capacity and reduce damage by limiting interstory drift deformations. In previous, analytical studies, a detailed mathematical model and a simplified version of the model for compression struts and tension ties was proposed and verified by comparing model estimations with test results. In this study, an existing 9-storey deficient RC building located in Antakya was chosen to design and apply a hybrid strengthening scheme with FRPs and reduced number of shear walls. Linear elastic analysis procedure was utilized (force based assessment technique) along with the rules of Mode Superposition Method for the reftrofit design. FRP retrofit scheme was employed using the simplified model and design was conducted such that life safety performance criterion is satisfied employing elastic spectrum with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years according to the Turkish Earthquake Code 2007. Further analytical studies are performed by using Modal Pushover and Nonlinear Time-History Analyses. At the end of these nonlinear analyses, performance check is performed according to Turkish Earthquake Code 2007, using the strains resulting from the sum of yield and plastic rotations at demand in the critical sections. CFRP retrofitting works started at October 2008 and finished at December 2008 for the building mentioned in this study. Eccentric reinforced concrete shearwall installation is still being undertaken. All construction business is carried out without evacuation of the building occupants. This project is one of the first examples of its kind in Turkey. Keywords: CFRP, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers, Masonry Infill Walls, Reinforced Concrete Infill Walls, Mid-Rise Deficient Structures, Turkish Earthquake Code 2007, Modal Pushover Analysis, Nonlinear Time History Analysis, Linear Elastic Building Assessment
27
Toru, Tuba. "Essais empiriques sur l'organisation industrielle du transport aérien". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0069.
Streszczenie:
Cette thèse examine trois questions importantes dans l'industrie du transport aérien. Le premier chapitre traite des impacts structurels et des changements politiques sur l'industrie aérienne. Un modèle structurel économétrique est utilisé pour analyser la mesure dans laquelle le trafic aérien est affecté par la hausse des prix du carburant et la proposition de la Commission Européenne sur l'adhésion de transport aérien au marché de permis Européen (EU-ETS). Une augmentation des coûts d'énergie implique une hausse de tarifs aériens et une baisse aux niveaux de trafic. L'EU¬ETS pourrait en effet affecter de manière significative le niveau des émissions de l'aviation alors qu'il ne devrait pas changer radicalement la compétitivité des compagnies aériennes européennes. Le deuxième chapitre analyse le model d'affaire de l'aéroport dans le cadre de marché biface par un modèle structurel économétrique. Les aéroports de notre base de données ne sont pas internaliser les externalités existent entre les deux parties. Ils utilisent différents systèmes de tarification de chaque côté. Nous trouvons la preuve empirique des prix de la maximisation du profit pour les passagers et des prix Ramsey pour les compagnies aériennes. Le troisième chapitre porte sur le partage du code entre compagnies aériennes par un modèle structurel. La hausse des prix et la baisse du bien-être après le partage du code plus si partage de code n'incite pas l'entrée de nouveaux produits. Le paramètre de division des bénéfices entre compagnies partenaires dans un accord de partage de code est estimée 91 pourcent signifient que le transporteur reçoit 91 pourcent des bénéfices du partage du code produitThis thesis examines three important issues in the air transport industry. The first chapter deals with the structural impacts and policy changes on the airline industry. A structural econometric model is used to analyse the extent to which the air traffic is affected by an increase in fuel prices and the proposal of the European Commission on the accession of air transport to the European Emission Trading Scheme (EU-ETS). An increase in energy costs implies an increase of air fares and a dec1ine in the levels of traffic. The EU-ETS could indeed significantly affect the level of aviation emissions while he should not radically change the competitiveness of European airlines. The second chapter analyzes the model of case of the airport in the framework of two-sided market. The airports of our database are not internalize externalities exist between the two parties. They use different price setting strategies for each side. We find the empirical evidence of profit maximization pricing for the passengers and the Ramsey prices for the airlines. The third chapter focuses on code sharing between airlines by a structural econometric model. The prices increase and the dec1ine in the consumer surplus after code sharing if it does not encourage the entry ofnew products. The parameter for the division of profits between partner airlines in a code-share agreement is estimated 91 percent mean that the operating carrier receives 91 percent of the profits of the sharing of the product code
28
Vicente, Ferris José Luis. "Vida y obra de Carmen Conde (1907-1996)". Doctoral thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/13277.
29
Valverde, Osan Ana María. "Nuevas historias de la Tribu : el poema largo y las poetas españolas del siglo XX /". 2000. http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep.html.
30
"Influencia de aspectos da classificação, embalagem e refrigeração na conservação pos-colheita do tomate "Santa Clara" e "Carmen"". Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2000. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000197942.
31
Chen, Chien-I., i 陳鍵毅. "Study of a carbon nano-cone indent on copper substrate by molecular dynamics simulation". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25192516378954793600.
Streszczenie:
碩士國立成功大學
工程科學系碩博士班
97
This study dealt with deep nanoindentation of a copper substrate with single-walled carbon nanocones (SWCNCs) as the proximal probe tip, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. As an important feature, during the indentation the end part of the SWCNC tip will suffer a narrowing effect due to the radial component of resistant compression from the substrate and then forms into a somewhat flat arrowhead-like shape. The effective cross-sectional area of the SWCNC tip inside the substrate that the resistant force is acting on therefore is reduced to lower the normal resistant force on the tip. The narrowing effect is more significant for longer SWCNC tips. Two categories of SWCNCs are therefore classified according to whether the SWCNC tip buckles at its part inside or outside the substrate. SWCNCs of the first category defined in this paper are found able to indent into the substrate up to a desired depth. Further analyses demonstrate that a longer SWCNC tip of the first category will encounter smaller repulsive force during the indentation and thus require less net work to accomplish the indentation process. Raising temperatures will weaken the narrowing effect, so an SWCNC tip of the first category also encounters greater repulsive force and larger net work in the indentation process performed at a higher temperature. Notably, a permanent hollow hole with high aspect ratio will be produced on the copper substrate, while copper atoms in close proximity to the hole are only slightly disordered, especially when the indentation is manipulated at a lower temperature by using a longer SWCNC tip.
32
Jing-RongLin i 林菁容. "Study of Cone-shaped Carbon Nanotube in the Application of Nano-pipette by Molecular Dynamics Simulations". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14882878191409202942.
Streszczenie:
碩士國立成功大學
材料科學及工程學系碩博士班
98
Due to the progress of analysis instruments, the application of Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) measurement nowadays is not limited in Nano-scale surface imaging but also used on the measurement/modification of Nano-scale surface physical property. One way to have surface modification capability at specific position is utilizing carbon nano-tube (CNT) as scanning probe as well as nano-pipette at the same time. The advantages of using CNT are high aspect ratio, sharper tip-end and better mechanical properties, which could enhance resolution in SPM. The dual-function CNT, connecting with fluid reservoir on cantilever beam, acts as probe in normal mode and as nano-pipette when the specific position is detected that need to be modified. Then the fluid reserved in the reservoir is injecting out on that position. Since the channel of CNT is in nano-scale, it is possible to control the amount of injection in molecular precision. The technology will have great impact in many applications. To assess the practicability of dual-function CNT, molecular dynamics simulation is utilized to simulate the transport phenomena of methane, water and triacylglycerols in cone-shape CNT. The cone-shape CNT is modeled due to its better inlet connection with reservoir. Different conical angle of cone-shape CNT is studied. The research focuses on the behavior of fluid flowing through the nano-channel. The mechanical properties of cone-shape CNT is also studied, since it is expected to be a probe as well. Both compression and tensile condition are simulated. The results show that conical angle plays an important role on nano-transport phenomena and mechanical properties.
33
"Fabricação e caracterização eletrica de ponteiras de emissão de campo recobertas com filme fino DLC (Diamond Like Carbon)". Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2005. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000377008.
34
Curtis, Keel Brandon. "Computer Simulation and Comparison of Proton and Carbon Ion Treatment of Tumor Cells Using Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System". 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8689.
Streszczenie:
Charged particle beams are an increasingly common method of cancer treatment. Because of their Bragg peak dose distribution, protons are an effective way to deliver a dose to the tumor, while minimizing the dose to surrounding tissue. Charged particles with greater mass and higher charge than protons have an even sharper Bragg peak and a higher Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE), allowing a greater dose to be delivered to the tumor and sparing healthy tissue. Since carbon ions are being implemented for treatment in Europe and Japan, this study will focus on carbon as the heavier ion of choice. Comparisons are drawn between moderated and unmoderated protons and carbon ions, all of which have a penetration depth of 10 cm in tissue. Scattering off the beam line, dose delivered in front of and behind the tumor, and overall dose mapping are examined, along with fragmentation of the carbon ions. It was found that fragmentation of the carbon ion beam introduced serious problems in terms of controlling the dose distribution. The dose to areas behind the tumor was significantly higher for carbon ions versus proton beams. For both protons and carbon ions, the use of a moderator increased the scattering off of the beam line, and slightly increased the dose behind the tumor. For carbon ions, the use of a moderator increased the degree of fragmentation throughout the beam path.
35
Li, Bo. "Energy saving opportunities in residential buildings: insights from technological and building energy code perspectives". Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/12135.
Streszczenie:
The residential building sector plays an important role in combating climate change in Canada. Many energy efficiency solutions along with new building energy standards have been implemented to improve building energy performance. However, their effects on energy saving and GHG emissions reduction vary due to the complexity of the building systems and the variability of their operational conditions. This work quantifies such variability in both energy efficiency devices and building energy standards implementation, respectively.
The first study in this dissertation assesses the energy savings from sensible heat recovery in a residential apartment suite in various locations across Canada. A series of detailed building energy performance models are developed in TRNSYS. The HVAC system’s annual energy consumption is simulated and the results are compared with and without HRV for each climate zone. The results show the heating energy savings of employing the HRV vary from 17 to 34% depending on the winter climatic conditions; while, the building cooling energy use can be increased due to the undesired thermal recovery occurring in the HRV during the cooling season.
The second study investigates the free cooling potential of outside air in various Canadian cities. A series of thermal models developed using BEopt 2.8 for a hypothetical single-family house with various window-to-wall ratios and building aspect ratios simulates hourly building cooling load profiles. The free cooling potential is analyzed by comparing the maximum available and the actual usable free cooling for various building features and different climates. The results indicate that, although free cooling is widely available in most areas of Canada during the summer and shoulder seasons, only 17-42% of such free cooling is usable without the use of thermal storage.
The last study examines the effects of two building energy standards - the BC Step Code and the Passive House criteria - on reductions in residential household space heating GHG emissions under different enforcement scenarios. The space heating energy and the GHG emissions are estimated using the forecast growth of single detached households for the period from 2020 to 2032. The results show that the space heating GHG emissions can be reduced by 77% and 89%, respectively if the BC Step Code or the Passive House criteria is implemented in Canada. It is also found the impacts of energy code on GHG emission mitigation are less significant in regions where the carbon intensity of the dominant heating fuels is low.Graduate
36
Cabishová, Kateřina. "Etická problematika postavení lidí trpících duševním onemocněním na trhu práce". Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-448731.
Streszczenie:
Subject of Diploma thesis is a description of ethical problems and complication of social mechanism related to employing people who suffer from mental illnesses. There are factors which influences opportunities for success, like concealed or unspecified information about diagnosis. It is happening based on experience with labeling and stigmatization. Thesis reflects sick person's dilemmas and social roles and proposes a solutions in the light of ethic. The goal will be to create a design of code of ethics which can be helping people with experience with mental disorders enter to labour market. Keywords ethical problem, dilemma, mental illness, stigmatization, virtue, code of ethics
37
Sládek, Miloš. "Problematika etiky v profesionálním chování inspektora sociálních služeb v rezidenčních zařízeních". Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-305974.
Streszczenie:
The presented dissertation is concerned with the ethic features of the quality of the social services inspectors professional behaviour in the residental facilities. This dissertation is divided into two main parts. The first part comprises theoretical bases related to given problems with the analysis of the relevant professional literature. The other part comprises with the actual research, the aim of which was finding ethical contexts of the inspection performance, inspector's education in the ethics, ethic code of the inspectors, the inspector profession and the value preferences of the inspectors. The main target is to analyze the ethical connections during the ispection performance in chosen residential facilities of the social services. In the research the quantitative and qualitative methods, the questionnaire survey and structural interviews were used. Based on the synthesis of the acquired knowledge the dissertation presents a view of the ethics application in professional activities of the inspectors. Key words: social services, quailty standards, quality inspections, values, ethics, the ethic code, career of the inspector, residential social services.