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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „CDMA”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2025

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1

Kawski, A., B. Kukliński, and P. Bojarski. "Influence Of The Irradiation Time On The Absorption And Emission Spectra Of P-Cyano-N,N-Dialkylanilines In Polar Solvents." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 58, no. 7-8 (2003): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2003-7-805.

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The effect of the time of irradiation with the excitation wavelength λexc on the absorption and emission spectra of p-cyano-N,N-dimethylaniline (CDMA), p-cyano-N,N-diethylaniline (CDEA) and N,N- dimethylaniline (DMA) in acetonitrile and in n-hexane, as well as the effect of high temperature is studied. It is found that after sufficiently long irradiation of CDMA and CDEA in acetonitrile the short wavelength SE band intensity strongly increases compared to that of the long wavelength LE band. This phenomenon is caused by the photolysis of CDMA and CDEA in polar solvents. In each case both the i

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2

Kim, Taeyoon, Jeffrey G. Andrews, Jaeweon Kim, and Theodore S. Rappaport. "Multi-code Multicarrier CDMA: Performance Analysis." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 2, no. 1 (2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v2i1.301.

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A new multi-code multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-MC-CDMA) system is proposed and analyzed in afrequency selective fading channel. By allowing each user to transmit an M-ary code sequence, the proposed MC-MC-CDMA system can support various data rates as required by next generation standards without increasing the interference which is common in general multicarrier CDMA systems. The bit error rate of the system is analytically derived in frequency selective fading, with Gaussian noise and multiple access interference. The results show that the proposed MC-MC-CDMA system clearly o

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3

YU, XIANGBIN, XIAODONG ZHANG, and GUANGGUO BI. "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF MULTICARRIER CDMA SYSTEM BASED ON COMPLEX WAVELET PACKET AND SPACE–TIME BLOCK CODES IN RAYLEIGH FADING CHANNEL." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 15, no. 01 (2006): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126606002939.

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On the basis of analyzing the principle of multicarrier CDMA (MC-CDMA) technique and space–time coding technique, using the optimized complex wavelet packet as multicarrier modulation, a novel MC-CDMA system based on complex wavelet packet and space–time block codes is proposed. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the system is investigated in Rayleigh fading channel, and the corresponding BER expression is derived in detail. The system can overcome the decrease of spectrum efficiency of conventional MC-CDMA due to inserting cyclic prefix (CP). Moreover, the application of space–time codin

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4

Hawej, M. "INTERFERENCE MITIGATION BASED ON CARRIER INTERFEROMETRY CODES IN THE DOWNLINK LOW EARTH ORBIT SATELLITE CHANNEL." مجلة الجامعة الأسمرية: العلوم التطبيقية 6, no. 5 (2021): 523–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.59743/aujas.v6i5.1509.

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The multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system employs the Hadamard-Walsh (HW) code in the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems. It has been used as spreading code to maintain the multi-access interference (MAI) in the downlink LEO satellite channel. However, due to the non-orthogonality of the HW codes, these interferences are observed at the MC-CDMA satellite receiver. As a result, the LEO satellite system performance is degraded. In this paper, we propose to employ the orthogonal Carrier Interferometry (CI) code with MC-CDMA in the downlink LEO satellite channel. A new

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5

Zouggaret, Abdelhak, Mokhtar Besseghier, Youcef Islam Djilani Kobibi, Hocine Abdelhak Azzeddine, and Samir Ghouali. "Medical images transmission over MC-MC-CDMA based MRC detection." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 3 (2024): e12478. https://doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n3-033.

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The increasing demand for high data rate multimedia transmission in wireless networks necessitates robust and spectrally efficient technologies. Multi-code multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-MC-CDMA) presents a promising solution by combining the advantages of multi-code CDMA and multi-carrier CDMA techniques. This paper comprehensively investigates the MC-MC-CDMA system for medical image transmission applications. A detailed system model is developed, including the transmitter, channel, and maximum ratio combining (MRC) receiver. Analytical expressions for the bit error rate (BER

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6

Zheng, Liang, and Bin Yan. "The Performance Analysis of CDMA Traffic Access Self-Similar Equalization Protocol." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 1205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.1205.

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The random access technique has a bigger influence to the performance optimization of CDMA data traffic. A CDMA random access technique based on self-similar model and its performance analysis are put forward in this paper. The simulation results indicate that the access performance of CDMA data traffic based on self-similar model is attenuated by power law, related to such parameters as fractal coefficient H and network load G. The CDMA traffic access self-similar equalization protocol (TASEP) is put forward and it can improve the access performance of CDMA data traffic distinctly.

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7

Harlen, Sekar, Eva Yovita Dwi Utami, and Andreas Ardian Febrianto. "Bit Error Rate pada Sistem MIMO MC-CDMA dengan Teknik Alamouti-STBC." Techné : Jurnal Ilmiah Elektroteknika 16, no. 02 (2017): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31358/techne.v16i02.163.

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Pada makalah ini dilaporkan hasil penelitian sistem MIMO MC-CDMA dengan teknik Alamouti Space Time Block Code (STBC) menggunakan dua antena pengirim dan dua antena penerima. Kinerja sistem diukur dengan nilai Bit Error Rate (BER). Sistem yang diteliti disimulasikan dengan Matlab, dengan variasi jumlah pengguna, jumlah subpembawa, kecepatan pergerakan pengguna dan frekuensi Doppler. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan BER sistem MIMO MC-CDMA tidak mengalami penurunan yang tajam ketika jumlah pengguna dan frekuensi Doppler meningkat. Sedangkan simulasi dengan peningkatan jumlah subpembawa mampu menurunka

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8

Anyaegbu, A., J.N. Dike, and P. Elagauma. "TRAFFIC PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF CDMA AND FDMA ON CELLULAR NETWORK." Continental J. Engineering Sciences 6, no. 3 (2011): 14–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.833979.

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This paper provides the traffic performance comparison of CDMA and FDMA in a cellular network. With the ever increasing demand for fast internet access, multimedia services and other data based services, the need for larger network and bandwidth capability cannot be over-emphasized. These services involves either CDMA or FDMA, hence the need for this comparison. We derived Erlang capacity “formulas” for the CDMA and FDMA cellular system and a MATLAB simulation was carried out using the formulas. The results showed that the total number of Erlang of traffic that a CDMA sector can service is abo

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9

Ambrosio, Jefferson Santos, Francisco De Assis Scannavino Junior, and Taufik Abrão. "Seleção de sequências de espalhamento e Desempenho de Sistemas DS/CDMA." Semina: Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas 37, no. 1 (2016): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0375.2016v37n1p55.

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Neste trabalho são discutidos conceitos fundamentais relativo à comunicação de múltiplo acesso por divisão de código (CDMA). Especificamente, analisa-se o impacto da seleção de sequências de espalhamento sobre o desempenho e capacidade, em termos de número máximo de usuários suportados, em sistemas CDMA por sequência direta (DS/CDMA), considerando ambientes com ruído branco Gaussiano, carregamento de sistema variável e múltiplas antenas (MISO-CDMA).

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10

Panday, Sarika, and Saurabh Sardey. "GSM and CDMA Based Communication System." Journal of Communication Engineering and its Innovations 8, no. 2 (2022): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jocei.2022.v08i02.004.

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Cellular mobile services have been around for a while and are continuously developing today. Numerous communication services, including CDMA and GSM, developed alongside these services. The two most significant technical standards for mobile communication are CDMA and GSM. The GSM and CDMA both transform mobile phone data into radio waves. However, these technologies differ in terms of how calls and data transfer occur through a network. One of the primary distinctions between CDMA and GSM is that CDMA doesn't require a SIM card and instead relies on ESNs to link a mobile phone to its network

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11

Mestoui, Jamal, Mohammed El Ghzaoui, Serghini Elaage, Abdelmounim Hmamou, and Jaouad Foshi. "CE-OFDM-CDMA Phase Modulation for 5G System." International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 6, no. 4 (2021): 1100–1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2021.6.4.065.

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In the present work, we propose a novel modulation scheme for 5G wireless communication system. Our contribution is to combine PM-OFDM (Phase Modulation Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) to exploit their distinctive advantages. On the one hand, PM-OFDM is an effective technique to combat multipath fading effects. On the other hand, CDMA can serve multiple users who are using the same resources of time/frequency. The aim is to make a combination of PM-OFDM and CDMA techniques. In this paper, the OFDM-CDMA scheme and its PAPR (Peak-to-Average Po

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12

Kusumawardhani, Eka, Rina Pudji Astuti, Nachwan Mufti Adriansyah, Fitri Imansyah, and Leonardus Sandy Ade Putra. "Performance Analysis of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Multi-Carrier Code-Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) Combined with Quasi-Orthogonal Space Time Block Coding (QO-STBC) in Rayleigh Fading Channel." POSITRON 12, no. 2 (2022): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/positron.v12i2.46613.

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The need for a communication system with a higher data rate and mobility grows along with information and communication technology development. Combining MC-CDMA with the MIMO system and supporting the system with a good transmit diversity technique is a promising idea to provide the needed communication system, especially in high mobility conditions. MC-CDMA can support ubiquitous communications without affecting the achievable BER and is more capable of high-speed mobility. It integrates the benefit of both OFDM and CDMA. On the other hand, QO-STBC increases the bit rate without using additi

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13

Du, Chuan Bao, Hou De Quan, and Pei Zhang Cui. "Performance Comparison of Carrier Sense Random Packet CDMA and Partitioned Slot Reservation Packet CDMA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 2684–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.2684.

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The Dual-Channel Network proposed in our previous work can improve the code resource utilization efficiency. Carrier Sense Random Packet (CSRP) CDMA and Partitioned Slot Reservation Packet (PSRP) CDMA were proposed for enhancing the control channel interference resistance of Dual-Channel Networks. In this paper, we investigate CSRP-CDMA and PSRP-CDMA, and derive the performance analytic models by taking into account both intra-cluster MAI and inter-cluster MAI. The models provide the expressions of packet transmission probability and normalized network throughput. Furthermore, the probability

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14

Sabhapathy, Umar, and Lenin Anselm Wilson. "Implementation of Underground Water for Wireless Optical Communication System using CDMA." International Innovative Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 6, no. 4 (2021): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32595/iirjet.org/v6i4.2021.147.

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Optical wireless communications is a powerful and cost-effective approach for high-speed wireless links that have been tightly guarded For underwater optical wireless communication, the following three optical code division multiple access (CDMA) techniques have been used. systems are associated, investigated, and presented in this paper, such as AC-biased optical CDMA (ACO-CDMA), symmetrically-SCO-OFDM (clipped optical OFDM), and unipolar CDMA (U-CDMA). Peak power constraints, light source bandwidth tag, there are so many factors to recognize, such turbulence, fading underwater signals, and c

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15

Ali T. Shaheen. "Design and Simulation of parallel CDMA System Based on 3D-Hadamard Transform." Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences 6, no. 4 (2013): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2013.06404.

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Future wireless systems aim to provide higher transmission data rates, improved spectral efficiency and greater capacity. In this paper a spectral efficient two dimensional (2-D) parallel code division multiple access (CDMA) system is proposed for generating and transmitting (2-D CDMA) symbols through 2-D Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) channel to increase the transmission speed. The 3D-Hadamard matrix is used to generate the 2-D spreading codes required to spread the two-dimensional data for each user row wise and column wise. The quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is used as a data mappin

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16

Hasan, Syed Rizwan-ul, and Shakil Ahmed. "2 Performance Evaluation of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) in terms of Power Measurement and Reduction." Sir Syed Research Journal of Engineering & Technology 1, no. 1 (2011): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33317/ssurj.v1i1.73.

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In this research paper the performance of the CDMA system has been analyzed with respect to PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio) measurement and its reduction. Simulation results verify that high peaks degrade the performance of CDMA, application of codes reduced high peaks and PAPR is a good measure for CDMA.

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Hasan, Syed Rizwan-ul, and Shakil Ahmed. "Performance Evaluation of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) in terms of Power Measurement and Reduction." Sir Syed University Research Journal of Engineering & Technology 1, no. 1 (2011): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33317/ssurj.73.

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In this research paper the performance of the CDMA system has been analyzed with respect to PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio) measurement and its reduction. Simulation results verify that high peaks degrade the performance of CDMA, application of codes reduced high peaks and PAPR is a good measure for CDMA.

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18

OH, TICK HUI, and KIM GEOK TAN. "IMAGE TRANSMISSION THROUGH MC-CDMA CHANNEL: AN IMAGE QUALITY EVALUATION." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 06, no. 06 (2008): 827–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691308002707.

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The multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system is considered as an advancement in mobile communication system. Seen as the next generation communication technology after the 3G, signals can be easily transmitted and received using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) device without increasing the transmitter and receiver complexities. Besides, the MC-CDMA system provides good spectral efficiency. If the number of sub-carriers and the spacing between sub-carriers are chosen properly, it is unlikely that all the sub-carriers will be in deep fade. Thus, it provides frequency diversit

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19

Arnomo, Ilham. "Authentication Comparison of Telecommunications Technology Using A3, A8, A5 and Rijndael Algorithms." Jurnal INFORM 3, no. 2 (2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/inform.v3i2.1031.

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The purpose of the research is to analyze the comparison of technology, network and security aspect between CDMA and GSM (Global System for Car communication). Using a comparative analysis research method between CDMA and GSM technologies that includes comparisons of network, technology, and security aspects. Using references from previous research on cellular telecommunications, the introduction of CDMA and GSM technologies to aspects of technology, networking and security. The results show that the technological aspect, CDMA used advanced spectrum technology that can provide superior sound q

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20

Yang, Haoxuan, Faizan Qamar, Syed Hussain Ali Kazmi, Syed Talib Abbas Jafri, Khairul Akram Zainol Ariffin, and Quang Ngoc Nguyen. "Interference Mitigation in B5G Network Architecture for MIMO and CDMA: State of the Art, Issues, and Future Research Directions." Information 15, no. 12 (2024): 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/info15120771.

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The emergence of Beyond 5G (B5G) networks introduces novel challenges related to interference management, particularly within the context of Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output (MIMO) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technologies. In this comprehensive review paper, we delve into the intricacies of interference mitigation techniques within the B5G framework, with a specific focus on MIMO and CDMA systems. Firstly, we provide a brief overview of MIMO and CDMA principles, emphasizing their significance in B5G networks. MIMO leverages spatial diversity by employing multiple antennas in both t

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21

Suresh Babu, Sumith Babu, and R. Kumar. "Multigroup Synchronization in 1D-Bernoulli Chaotic Collaborative CDMA." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7561757.

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Code-division multiple access (CDMA) has played a remarkable role in the field of wireless communication systems, and its capacity and security requirements are still being addressed. Collaborative multiuser transmission and detection are a contemporary technique used in CDMA systems. The performance of these systems is governed by the proper accommodation of the users and by proper synchronization schemes. The major research concerns in the existing multiuser overloaded CDMA schemes are (i) statistically uncorrelated PN sequences that cause multiple-access interference (MAI) and (ii) the secu

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22

Sreesudha, P., and G. Rajender. "Performance Enhacement of MIMO-CDMA system using Adaptive Non-Coherent Receiver." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 9 (2023): 649–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55688.

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Abstract: Wireless communication systems are a key means to meet the increasing demands for greater capacity and increased quality-of-service. MIMO systems have the potential to reduce the operational power consumption and enable the use of low complexity schemes for suppressing MU interference (MUI). One of the cellular communication technologies is CDMA. The combine of MIMO and CDMA is most able technique beyond 4G technologies. The DS-CDMA system is widely known for removing the effects of Multiple Access Interference (MAI) which degrades the performance of the system. The addition of inter

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23

Choi, U.-Sung, and Sung-Hyun Yang. "Design and Fabrication of Dielectric Duplexers and Bandpass Filters for CDMA and W-CDMA Dualband Using the Notch and Isolation." Journal of the Korean Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 15, no. 6 (2011): 1227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.6109/jkiice.2011.15.6.1227.

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Wu, You, Shuang Wang, and You Sai Zhang. "Performance of an Improved MC-CDMA System Based on DT-OCWDM and Quasi-Orthogonal Matrix." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 2897–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.2897.

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In this paper, we propose a new improved MC-CDMA system which combines spreading codes from Quasi-Orthogonal Matrix with Orthogonal Complex Wavelet Division Multiplexing (OCWDM). The system is implemented by complex wavelet filters which are able to lower computational complexity and increase flexibility. Novel spreading codes from Quasi-Orthogonal Matrix can be expanded randomly. It can increase user number hugely in system. Improved MC-CDMA named OCWDM-CDMA has much higher frequency spectrum efficiency and high data rate than conventional MC-CDMA. The system also has better BER performance i

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Yang, Lei, Jian Cheng, Xin Xing Ge, Ning Rui Liang, and Wang Chun Lei. "Multi-User Detection Based on Quasi-Synchronous CDMA Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 1347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.1347.

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Multi-user detection is one of the key technologies of CDMA systems. Its basic idea is that, all user signals are considered as useful signals. Then, we can use them to eliminate multiple access interference (MAI). This paper presents an improvement of multi-user detection based on QS-CDMA systems. By the improving, computational complexity is lower, and performances approach synchronous CDMA systems.

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Elmissaoui, Taoufik. "Multi-Access Techniques Comparison for Remote Lab System." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 19, no. 12 (2023): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v19i12.39681.

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Remote lab systems are one of the essential requirements for an increased academic productivity in the modern digital world. These systems support and facilitate effective migration from face-to-face classroom education to online education. Digital technology applications and processes are required to easily build a remote lab system. With the availability of multiple access techniques, users can comfortably share laboratory equipment among themselves. The sharing of resources using the remote lab system is highly required for a smooth deployment and implementation of online education. This pa

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27

Zang, Shaofei, Xinghai Li, Jianwei Ma, Yongyi Yan, Jinfeng Lv, and Yuan Wei. "Discriminative Extreme Learning Machine with Cross-Domain Mean Approximation for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation." Complexity 2022 (October 3, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2463746.

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Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is widely used in various fields because of its fast training and high accuracy. However, it does not primarily work well for Domain Adaptation (DA) in which there are many annotated data from auxiliary domain and few even no annotated data in target domain. In this paper, we propose a new variant of ELM called Discriminative Extreme Learning Machine with Cross-Domain Mean Approximation (DELM-CDMA) for unsupervised domain adaptation. It introduces Cross-Domain Mean Approximation (CDMA) into the hidden layer of ELM to reduce distribution discrepancy between domain

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Shi, Yun Qiu, Chuan Sheng Wu, Shi Cheng Zhao, and Fang Hui Liu. "The Research of CDMA SMS Send-Receive Based on Embedded S3C2410A." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 2565–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.2565.

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With the popularity and mature of CDMA technology, in addition to inherit the CDMA covering a wide range, small influence by the environment, security, real-time characteristics, SMS has the advantages of low cost、convenience which make the utilization rate more and more high. SMS has great potential application in the field of industrial automation. Experimental study on the S3C2410A embedded control system to send and receive message in English or Chinese by Siemens company TC35i module in CDMA, using the embedded technology and CDMA low cost and mobility , unattended advantage , show broad

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Saragih, Hoga, and Djoko Soetarno. "Slotted ALOHA CDMA By Dual Model Path Gains." CCIT Journal 3, no. 1 (2009): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v3i1.301.

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Throughput Slotted ALOHA CDMA by dual model path gain Nakagami/Nakagami fading channel by capture effect is analyzed. The approach of fading effect to BER is calculated by path gain. Path gain for desired signal and interference signal is unequal. Therefore, at this research BER used on S-ALOHA CDMA is BER with two different model path gains at Nakagami/Nakagami fading channel with capture effect. Result of calculation indicates that throughput of slotted ALOHA CDMA are getting better with increase level of parameter fading signal and long code. Others throughput slotted ALOHA CDMA also better

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Petrosky, Eric E., Alan J. Michaels, and Joseph M. Ernst. "A Low Power IoT Medium Access Control for Receiver-Assigned CDMA." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 11, no. 2 (2019): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2019040103.

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Low power, low cost, and security-conscious wireless sensor networks are becoming increasingly pervasive in the internet of things (IoT). In these networks, receiver-assigned code division multiple access (RA-CDMA) offers benefits over existing multiple access techniques. RA-CDMA networks are asynchronous, robust against multipath interference, and offer resilience against collision. A lightweight medium access control (MAC) protocol is needed to facilitate communication in RA-CDMA networks between low power sensor nodes and access points. This article provides an overview of RA-CDMA and propo

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Ravikumar, C. V., Kalapraveen Bagadi, K. Rushendrababu, Asadi Srinivasulu, and Satish Kumar. "Optimizing Nonlinear Distortion and Interference in MC-CDMA Receivers Employing Deep Neural Networks." Mobile Information Systems 2023 (August 21, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6430987.

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Systems that employ multicarrier code division multiple access, commonly known as MC-CDMA, produce outstanding results in terms of both the performance of the system as a whole and the efficiency with which it uses the spectrum. However, multiple access strategies are susceptible to interference despite their high spectrum efficiency. This work aims to reduce multiple access interference (MAI) by developing an MC-CDMA receiver. When MC-CDMA deteriorates nonlinearly, standard receivers, namely, zero forcing (ZF), maximal ratio combining (MRC), minimum mean square error (MMSE), and equal gain co

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Wang, Yong, Xin Ge, Yu Bin Xu, and Lin Ma. "A Novel Degradation Scheme Based on User Satisfaction in CDMA Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (September 2012): 1678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.1678.

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Within the past few years, a great deal of attention has been drawn towards the CDMA system. The state of a CDMA system has two cases: saturation and instauration. After the system is saturated, no more users are allowed to access to CDMA systems with traditional method. In order to enhance the maximum number of users and the all users’ satisfaction while guaranteeing users’ quality of service (QoS) –SINR (signal-to-interference–plus-noise) requirement, this paper presents a degradation scheme based on user satisfaction in CDMA systems. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can be a

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Meylani, Linda, Nur Andini, and Iswahyudi Hidayat. "Performance of Coded Modulation in Multicarrier CDMA System." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 1, no. 3 (2016): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v1.i3.pp583-589.

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<em><span>Coded modulation scheme introduce robust and reliable system. It combine coding and modulation in one system. This paper show performance of coded modulation with coding rate 2/3, using 8PSK and convolutional coding that implemented in MC CDMA system. MC CDMA is one of multicarrier system that combine OFDM and CDMA so its offer reliable system in frequency selective fading. Decoding process for coded modulation is done by using log likelihood ratio for least significant bit (define the subset) and the entire bits (member of subset). Simulation result shown that coded modu

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Xiao, Zhe Yun. "Interworking of LTE with CDMA EVDO." Applied Mechanics and Materials 462-463 (November 2013): 712–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.462-463.712.

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G, Narayana Gowda. "Chaotic Code Division Multiple Access." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem29967.

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Chaotic signals are gaining importance in the field of communication these days. The chaotic Pseudo Noise sequences give a uniform spread over the entire frequency bandwidth. The sequences produce good performance as Pseudo random patterns when used in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems. This paper introduces to the field of chaotic signals and demonstrates how it is used in CDMA systems Key Words: Chaotic signals, DS CDMA, Nonlinear systems, PN sequences.

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Uddin, Jia, Mohammed Faisal, Md Facihul Azam, and A. F. M. Muzahidur Rahman. "Performance Analysis of Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access over Rayleigh Fading Channel." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 985–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.985.

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Recently, multi-carrier transmission schemes have been introduced into Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems to gain advantages for high data rate transmission as well as security. Due to pseudorandom code there is no chance to Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). There are different techniques to mitigate multipath fading. One of the method is to transmit identical narrowband direct-sequence (DS) waveforms in parallel over a number of sub-channels using frequency diversity. Implementation this multi-carrier modulation technique in CDMA system is known as multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA). In Ra

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Bendelhoum, Mohammed Soﬁane, Ali Djebbari, Ismail Boukli-Hacene та Abdelmalik Taleb-Ahmed. "An Improved Downlink MC-CDMA System for Eﬃcient Image Transmission". Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology 4 (20 грудня 2017): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2017.110917.

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Image compression is an essential stage of the data archiving and transmitting process, as it reduces the number of bits and the time required to complete the transmission. In this article, a study of image transmission over the Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) downlink system is presented. The solution proposed relies on source coding combined with channel coding. The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) method is used in conjunction with the SPIHT coder to compress the image, then the data generated is transmitted with the MC-CDMA technique over a noisy channel. The results

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Alsowaidi, Naif, Tawfig Eltaif, and Mohd Ridzuan Mokhtar. "Hybrid optical CDMA and DWDM system implemented under the influence of Non-linear effects." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 15, no. 3 (2019): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i3.pp1485-1490.

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<span>A hybrid optical CDMA-DWDM system accommodating 12 optical CDMA users carried by 5 DWDM wavelengths at a data rate of 60Gb/s/wavelength with channel spacing of 0.4nm is implemented under the effect of four-wave mixing (FWM). It was found that the FWM effect could be minimized by the use of CDMA technology, where the energy of each bit is spread over the optical sequence code. Over a distance of 105.075km, significant performance of all optical CDMA users in terms of the BER is achieved. The results reveal that the inter-symbol interference (ISI) can be mitigated when the interval o

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Jabbari, B. "Wideband CDMA." IEEE Communications Magazine 36, no. 9 (1998): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1998.714614.

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Salehi, J. A., and Eung Gi Paek. "Holographic CDMA." IEEE Transactions on Communications 43, no. 9 (1995): 2434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/26.412717.

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RIM, M. "Gated-CDMA: Frequency-Domain Equalization for CDMA Systems." IEICE Transactions on Communications E88-B, no. 2 (2005): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietcom/e88-b.2.811.

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Prasad, Ramjee, and Tero Ojanpera. "An overview of CDMA evolution toward wideband CDMA." IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 1, no. 1 (1998): 2–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comst.1998.5340404.

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Geetanjli. "Study of Power Control in CDMA System on the basis of optimization Technique." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 7, no. 8 (2017): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v7i8.38.

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The power control in CDMA systems, grant numerous users to share resources of the system uniformly between each other, leading to expand capacity. With convenient power control, capacity of CDMA system is immense in contrast of frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and time division multiple access (TDMA). If power control is not achieved numerous problems such as the near-far effect will start to monopolize and consequently will reduce the capacity of the CDMA system. However, when the power control in CDMA systems is implemented, it allows numerous users to share resources of the system

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POURZAKI, ABBAS, KHALIL MAFINEJAD, and SAYYED HOSAIN KESHMIRI. "A NEW METHOD FOR CDMA SIGNAL MODELING IN NONLINEAR SYSTEMS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 15, no. 06 (2006): 833–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126606003374.

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When a CDMA signal is passed through an RF transmitter, nonlinear elements cause spectral regrowth which result in reduction of spectral efficiency. CDMA signal has a pseudo noise nature; hence its mathematical treatment is too complex to analysis. In this paper, first it will be shown how to simplify the complex mathematics of CDMA signal. Then, a deterministic signal replaces the CDMA signal and the system response to both of them is calculated. In this paper, for the first time, ACPR is explicitly calculated for both the CDMA and deterministic signals. ACPR is calculated in terms of the non

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Farhan, Ikhlas Mahmoud, Dhafer R. Zaghar, and Hadeel Nasrat Abdullah. "Enhancement of code division multiple access system performance using raptor codes." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 26, no. 3 (2022): 1460. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v26.i3.pp1460-1468.

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Some kinds of communication systems work in very low signal-to-noise (LSNR) environments. For these systems to function reliably, <span>specific techniques and methodologies have to be used to mitigate the degrading effects of the channel. The channel coding method is the key element in most LSNR communication systems, but emphasizing the code division multiple access (CDMA) is a new transmission technique in these channels. To enhance the CDMA scheme's system capacity and reach unprecedented ranges of LSNR values in wireless sensor network. This paper suggests combining CDMA with certai

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Xie, Jiahao, Chao Zhang, Zebang Shen, Weijie Liu, and Hui Qian. "CDMA: A Practical Cross-Device Federated Learning Algorithm for General Minimax Problems." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 9 (2023): 10481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i9.26246.

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Minimax problems arise in a wide range of important applications including robust adversarial learning and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) training. Recently, algorithms for minimax problems in the Federated Learning (FL) paradigm have received considerable interest. Existing federated algorithms for general minimax problems require the full aggregation (i.e., aggregation of local model information from all clients) in each training round. Thus, they are inapplicable to an important setting of FL known as the cross-device setting, which involves numerous unreliable mobile/IoT devices. In

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Farhan, Ikhlas Mahmoud, Dhafer R. Zagha, and Hadeel Nasrat Abdullah. "Enhancement of code division multiple access system performance using raptor codes." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 26, no. 3 (2022): 1460–68. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v26.i3.pp1460-1468.

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Some kinds of communication systems work in very low signal-to-noise (LSNR) environments. For these systems to function reliably, specific techniques and methodologies have to be used to mitigate the degrading effects of the channel. The channel coding method is the key element in most LSNR communication systems, but emphasizing the code division multiple access (CDMA) is a new transmission technique in these channels. To enhance the CDMA scheme's system capacity and reach unprecedented ranges of LSNR values in wireless sensor network. This paper suggests combining CDMA with certain types

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Kawski, A., G. Piszczek, and B. Kukliński. "Can Twisted Internal Charge-Transfer(TICT)State be Formed in Rigid Polymers?" Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 50, no. 10 (1995): 949–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1995-1007.

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Abstract Absorption, emission and emission anisotropy spectra of 4-cyano-N,N-dimethylaniline (CDMA) and 4-cyano-2,6,N,N-tetramethylaniline (CTMA) were investigated in polyvinyl alcohol) (PVA) films. It was found that the CDMA and CTMA molecules in PVA films at room temperature display phosphorescence, the emission band of which overlaps with the longwave fluorescence band a. The low value of the emission anisotropy shows that in the rigid PVA matrix there are microscopic defects in the form of empty spaces in which a certain fraction of the CDMA or CTMA molecules can attain twisted intramolecu

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Rofii, Ahmad. "KINERJA S-ALOHA CDMA DENGAN APROKSIMA GAUSSIAN STANDAR." Jurnal Kajian Teknik Elektro 1, no. 1 (2016): 40–50. https://doi.org/10.52447/jkte.v1i1.143.

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Dalam karya ini dilakukan perhitungan Keberhasilan Transmisi, sebagai salah satu ukuran kinerja dari sistim Slotted ALOHA CDMA. Keberhasilan transmisi ALOHA CDMA antara lain tergantung kepada Bit Error Rate dari sistim tersebut sehingga untuk menghitung Keeberhasilan transmisi adalah juga harus menghitung BER terlebih dahulu. BER dapat dihitung dengan dua cara dengan model Fading dan Approxima Gaussian Standar atau Improved Gaussian .Dengan mempertimbangkan bentuk penurunan rumus yang sederhana dari Aproxima Gaussian Standar dalam karya tulis ini dihitung nilai BER dan Probabilitas Keberhasila

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Kawski, A., P. Bojarski, and B. Kukliński. "Emission Anisotropy of p-Cyano-N,N-Dialkylanilines in Poly(vinyl alcohol) Film." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 58, no. 4 (2003): 194–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2003-0402.

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The emission anisotropy spectra, r, (λ ) of p-cyano-dimethylaniline (CDMA) and p-cyano-diethylaniline (CDEA) in PVA films are temperature dependent. At 296 K a characteristic dependence of r, (λ ) on the absorption (A), short emission (SE) and long emission (LE) band, responsible for the total emission of fluorescence and phosphorescence is observed. On temperature enhancement to 355 K and next to 380 K the phosphorescence is eliminated. In the case studied the emission anisotropy is positive for the fluorescence bands SE and LE and it attains approximately 0.2, confirming thus that the transi

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