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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Cement clinkers”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2024

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1

Žibret, Lea, Katarina Šter, Maruša Borštnar, Mojca Loncnar, and Sabina Dolenec. "The Incorporation of Steel Slag into Belite-Sulfoaluminate Cement Clinkers." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 19, 2021): 1840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041840.

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The potential use of steel slag from treated steel slag in belite-sulfoaluminate cements was investigated in this study. Cement clinkers with two phase compositions were synthesized, allowing the incorporation of different amounts of steel slag. The phase composition and microstructure of cement clinkers at three different sintering temperatures were studied by X-ray powder diffraction and the Rietveld method, as well as scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry. The results showed that the targeted phase composition of clinkers was achieved at a sintering temperature of

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2

Enríquez, M. K., J. I. Tobón, and J. H. Ramírez. "Use of industrial wastes for the synthesis of belite clinker." Materiales de Construcción 70, no. 339 (June 26, 2020): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2020.14219.

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The synthesis of belite clinker was studied using industrial wastes: paper sludge, cement kiln dust and rice husk ashes, as substitutes for natural raw materials. Wastes were characterized by XRF, XRD and TG analysis. Different formulations were prepared to produce clinker at 1300, 1350 and 1400 °C. The clinker obtained was characterized using optical microscopy, XRD and f-CaO content determined by ethylene glycol method. Finally, the hydration of prepared cements with the clinkers was evaluated by isothermal microcalorimetry. It was found that by mixing paper sludge, cement kiln dust and ric

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Taimasov, B. T., B. K. Sarsenbayev, T. M. Khudyakova, A. S. Kolesnikov, and N. N. Zhanikulov. "Development and Testing of Low-Energy-Intensive Technology of Receiving Sulphate-Resistant and Road Portlandcement." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 19, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj683.

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The article presents the obtaining results of clinkers of sulfate resistant and road cement during the production tests process. The usage of man-made wastes such as lead slag, coal mining waste as well as clay component and additives. X-ray, chemical analyzes of starting materials, clinkers and obtained cements were carried out. The regularities of charge compositions, saturation coefficient, modules, burning regimes on chemical and mineralogical composition and quality of clinkers and cements, improvement of rotary kiln operation, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption ar

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4

Shen, Yan, Xi Chen, Jiang Li, Peifang Wang, and Jueshi Qian. "Preparation and Performance of Ternesite–Ye’elimite Cement." Materials 15, no. 12 (June 20, 2022): 4369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15124369.

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Ternesite–ye’elimite (TCSA) cement is a new type of environmentally advantageous binder prepared by introducing ternesite, a reactive phase, into belite calcium sulfoaluminate cement clinker. This paper reports the laboratory production of TCSA cement by the addition of minor elements to achieve the coexistence of ternesite and ye’elimite. The influence of dopants on the mineralogical composition of clinkers and the clinkering conditions for the preparation of TCSA cement clinkers were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties and hydr

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5

Bădănoiu, Alina, Adriana Moanță, Ovidiu Dumitrescu, Adrian Ionuț Nicoară, and Roxana Trușcă. "Waste Glass Valorization as Raw Material in the Production of Portland Clinker and Cement." Materials 15, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 7403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207403.

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The paper presents experimental results regarding the synthesis of Portland clinker starting from raw mixes based on two types of clayey precursors, i.e., clay and marl (the most common types of raw materials used in the cement industry), with and without glass waste content. The soda-lime glass waste addition (5.36–5.59 wt %), used to control the silica ratio of the raw mix, improved the raw mix burnability and decreased the calcination temperature (by 20 °C), leading to a decrease in fuel consumption and contributing to the reduction in CO2 emissions associated with clinker and cement produc

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6

Samchenko, Svetlana, and Dmitriy Zorin. "Electricity costs for grinding of cement with expanding additives." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.23 (April 20, 2018): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.11930.

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The most popular building material, including on transport facilities, is cement. Cement production is associated with the electricity costs. The biggest cost item is the consumption for the cement clinker grinding. It is known that disperse characteristics of cements, such as fineness of grinding, specific surface, coarseness of grading, largely determine their hydraulic properties, and for expanding cements - the deformation ones. In the paper, the issues of electric power consumption were considered when grinding extender expanders: aluminous slag, sulfoaluminate, sulfoferrite and sulfoalum

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7

Dolenec, Sabina, Katarina Šter, Maruša Borštnar, Klara Nagode, Andrej Ipavec, and Lea Žibret. "Effect of the Cooling Regime on the Mineralogy and Reactivity of Belite-Sulfoaluminate Clinkers." Minerals 10, no. 10 (October 15, 2020): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10100910.

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This study investigated the influence of different cooling regimes on the microstructure and consequent reactivity of belite-sulfoaluminate clinkers. The cement clinkers were synthesized by incorporating secondary raw materials, such as titanogypsum and bottom ash, to the natural raw materials. Clinker phases were determined by Rietveld quantitative phase analysis, while the distribution morphology and the incorporation of substitute ions in the phases were characterized by scanning electron microscopy using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Clinker reactivity was studied using i

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8

Luo, Li, Yimin Zhang, Shenxu Bao, and Tiejun Chen. "Utilization of Iron Ore Tailings as Raw Material for Portland Cement Clinker Production." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1596047.

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The cement industry has for some time been seeking alternative raw material for the Portland cement clinker production. The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of utilizing iron ore tailings (IOT) to replace clay as alumina-silicate raw material for the production of Portland cement clinker. For this purpose, two kinds of clinkers were prepared: one was prepared by IOT; the other was prepared by clay as a reference. The reactivity and burnability of raw meal, mineralogical composition and physical properties of clinker, and hydration characteristic of cement were studied by

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9

Orazimbetova, Gulistan, Umid Turdialiev, and Laura Biniyazova. "Composition of raw mixes for portland cement clinkers using andesic basalt rock." E3S Web of Conferences 452 (2023): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345206001.

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This article studies, calculation of compositions of raw mixes and development of clinker production technology on the basis of using local raw materials of Karakalpakstan, is an effective solution to the problem of covering the needs of the construction industry of the autonomous republic in cement. As well as component composition of raw mixes with different values of saturation coefficient (SC), silicate (n) and alumina (p) modules, calculated chemical and mineralogical composition of clinker on the base of new raw mixes. Some properties of clinkers and Portland cements based on them have b

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10

León-Reina, L., A. G. De la Torre, J. M. Porras-Vázquez, M. Cruz, L. M. Ordonez, X. Alcobé, F. Gispert-Guirado, et al. "Round robin on Rietveld quantitative phase analysis of Portland cements." Journal of Applied Crystallography 42, no. 5 (September 8, 2009): 906–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889809028374.

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Interlaboratory studies on the precision and accuracy of Rietveld quantitative phase analysis (R-QPA) of mixtures of crystalline phases have already been carried out. However, cement-related materials are samples of variable complexity, ranging from three phases in white Portland clinkers to more than eight phases in grey cements, that need to be specifically investigated. Here, the results are reported from a round robin on the R-QPA of cement-related materials from laboratories with experience in this type of analysis. The aim of the work was to evaluate the levels of precision and accuracy

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11

Zheng, Liya, Thomas P. Hills, and Paul Fennell. "Phase evolution, characterisation, and performance of cement prepared in an oxy-fuel atmosphere." Faraday Discussions 192 (2016): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00032k.

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Cement manufacture is one of the major contributors (7–10%) to global anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been identified as a vital technology for decarbonising the sector. Oxy-fuel combustion, involving burning fuel in a mixture of recycled CO<sub>2</sub> and pure O<sub>2</sub> instead of air, makes CO<sub>2</sub> capture much easier. Since it combines a theoretically lower energy penalty with an increase in production, it is attractive as a CCS technology in cement plants. However, it is necessary to demonstrate that changes in the clinkering atmosph

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12

Kramar, S., L. Žibret, E. Fidanchevska, V. Jovanov, B. Angjusheva, and V. Ducman. "Use of fly ash and phosphogypsum for the synthesis of belite-sulfoaluminate clinker." Materiales de Construcción 69, no. 333 (February 8, 2019): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2019.11617.

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Fly ash and phosphogypsum were used as Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) by-products for the synthesis of belite-sulfoaluminate clinkers. The influence of raw mixture composition and firing temperature was investigated. Clinkers and cements were examined by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The compressive strength of the cements was determined after 28 days. Clinker phases identified included ye’elimite, ß-phase of belite, ternesite and gehlenite, while the main hydration product of the cement pastes was ettring

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13

Jovanovic, Natasa, Miroslav Komljenovic, Ljiljana Petrasinovic-Stojkanovic, Zvezdana Bascarevic, Violeta Bradic, and Aleksandra Rosic. "Substitution of the clayey mineral component by lignite fly ash in portland cement clinker synthesis." Chemical Industry 60, no. 9-10 (2006): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0610253j.

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Fly ash from four power plants in Serbia (PP "Morava" - Svilajnac, PP "Kolubara" - Veliki Grijani, PP "Kostolac" - units B1 and B2 - Kostolac and PP "Nikola Tesla" - units A and B - Obrenovac) was utilized as the starting raw component for Portland cement clinker synthesis. Limestone and quartz sand from the "Holcim - Serbia, a.d." cement factory were the other two starting raw components. Based on the chemical composition of the raw components and from the projected cement moduli, the amounts of raw components in the raw mixtures were calculated. Six different raw mixtures were prepared - eac

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14

Li, Xiaodong, Bing Ma, Wenqian Ji, Shang Dou, Hao Zhou, Houhu Zhang, Jiaqing Wang, Yueyang Hu, and Xiaodong Shen. "Impact of Lime Saturation Factor on Alite-Ye’Elimite Cement Synthesis and Hydration." Materials 17, no. 12 (June 20, 2024): 3035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17123035.

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Alite(C3S)-Ye’elimite(C4A3$) cement is a high cementitious material that incorporates a precise proportion of ye’elimite into the ordinary Portland cement. The synthesis and hydration behavior of Alite-Ye’elimite clinker with different lime saturation factors were investigated. The clinkers were synthesized using a secondary thermal treatment process, and their compositions were characterized. The hydrated pastes were analyzed for their hydration products, pore structure, mechanical strength, and microstructure. The clinkers and hydration products were characterized using XRD, TG-DSC, SEM, and

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15

Oproiu, Carmen, Georgeta Voicu, Adrian Ionut Nicoara, and Alina Ioana Badanoiu. "The Influence of Partial Substitution of Raw Materials with Heavy Ash on the Main Properties of Portland Cements." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 4 (May 15, 2018): 860–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.4.6216.

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The use of wastes in cement industry have impact both from economic and environmental point of views. Wastes can be used in clinker manufacture (to substitute raw materials or as alternative fuel) as well as supplementary cementitious materials in cement. This paper presents results regarding the use of heavy ash (bottom ash) as component of raw mix used for the clinker manufacture. Two types of cements were obtained by the milling of clinker produced with/without heavy ash (HA) as component of raw mix and gypsum (2%). The compressive strengths of these cements was assessed on plastic mortars

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16

Benmohamed, Mohamed, Rabah Alouani, Amel Jmayai, Abdesslem Ben Haj Amara, and Hafsia Ben Rhaiem. "Morphological Analysis of White Cement Clinker Minerals: Discussion on the Crystallization-Related Defects." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1259094.

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The paper deals with a formation of artificial rock (clinker). Temperature plays the capital role in the manufacturing process. So, it is useful to analyze a poor clinker to identify the different phases and defects associated with their crystallization. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used to determine the clinker’s chemical composition. The amounts of the mineralogical phases are measured by quantitative XRD analysis (Rietveld). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the main phases of white Portland cement clinker and the defects associated with the formation of cli

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17

Hattaf, Rabii, Mohamed Benchikhi, Abdessamad Azzouzi, Rachida El Ouatib, Moussa Gomina, Azzeddine Samdi, and Redouane Moussa. "Preparation of Cement Clinker from Geopolymer-Based Wastes." Materials 14, no. 21 (October 30, 2021): 6534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216534.

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In order to avoid potential environmental pollution from geopolymer-based material wastes, this work investigated the feasibility of using these materials as alternative raw materials in the preparation of cement clinker. The geopolymer binders and mortars were used as substitutes for natural mineral clays since they are rich in silica and alumina. Simulated geopolymer wastes were prepared by the activation of metakaolin or fly ash by an alkaline silicate solution. The cement-clinkers fired at 1450 °C for 1h were characterized by XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, and a free lime (CaOf) content test. The anhy

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18

Hall, Christopher, and Karen L. Scrivener. "Oilwell Cement Clinkers." Advanced Cement Based Materials 7, no. 1 (January 1998): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1065-7355(97)00035-7.

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Gartner, Ellis, and Tongbo Sui. "Alternative cement clinkers." Cement and Concrete Research 114 (December 2018): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.02.002.

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Staněk, Theodor, and Petr Sulovský. "Mechanism of Immobilization of Toxic Elements in Special Binders." Advanced Materials Research 1124 (September 2015): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1124.3.

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The paper deals with development of cementitious binders that would be able to efficiently immobilize toxic elements contained in various types of wastes. The basic component of the proposed binders are clinkers with phosphorus incorporated into the structure of clinker silicates, mixtures of cement with ash containing hydroxylapatite and belite-rich clinkers activated with sulfate anions. The prepared binders were mixed with water doped with various toxic elements; after a defined period of cement stone hydration the test beams were subjected to long-term testing of leachability of individual

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21

Batalha Vieira, Luara, Vito Francioso, Bruna Bueno Mariani, Carlos Moro, Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa, Larissa da Silva Paes Cardoso, Cleber Marcos Ribeiro Dias, and Mirian Velay-Lizancos. "Valorization of Marble Waste Powder as a Replacement for Limestone in Clinker Production: Technical, Environmental and Economic Evaluation." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (September 19, 2023): 13902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813902.

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This research combines technical, environmental, and economic aspects regarding the utilization of Bege Bahia marble waste (BB) in clinker production. Three different eco-friendly clinkers were produced, investigated, and compared with one that is commercially available. BB was used to replace 49.2%, 77%, and 80.3% of the limestone by total amount of clinker. Two clinkers were selected to produce cement pastes, and their impact on compressive strength at 28 days was examined. The results suggest that substituting limestone with BB does not adversely affect the compressive strength of cement pa

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22

Grebenyuk, A., D. Smal, A. Davidyuk, and P. Ponomareva. "OBTAINING MIXED COMPOSITE CEMENTS BASED ON FERRITE CLINKER." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 8, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2022-8-1-89-101.

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The possibility of using ferritic clinker as a component of binders with special performance properties is considered. Such types of cements can solve the problems of providing the construction industry with high-strength, resistant to external aggressive effects and relatively cheap binders. However, the mechanism of hardening and curing of cement stone obtained by using ferritic clinkers is complicated and depends on a number of parameters. It was found that the greatest thermal effect (more than 70%) during the hydration of the resulting ferritic clinker with the introduction of vario

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23

Krivoborodov, Yury. "Cement quality in thermochemical clinker activation." E3S Web of Conferences 402 (2023): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340207002.

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Improving the quality of cement while reducing the energy costs of its production is one of the most important tasks of the cement industry. Cement properties are determined by the hydration activity of clinker minerals. In turn, the activity of clinker minerals is determined by the degree of disorderliness of the crystal cell. The disorder of the crystal cell depends on the chemical composition of minerals, the type and concentration of modifying additives. It also depends on the modes of clinker synthesis, both during firing and cooling. An effective way of activating clinker minerals is int

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Zhang, Jie, Zong Hui Zhou, and Xin Cheng. "Formation Kinetics of Regenerated Cement Clinker Calcined by Using Wasted Recycling Concrete Powders as Raw Meals." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 1309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.1309.

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Artificial aggregates with high strength and a similar mineral composition to Portland cement clinker are made up of industrial waste and limestone, which are prepared for recycling concrete. Regenerated cement clinker is fabricated by recycling concrete powder added with a small amount of correction raw materia. Through the Gentling equation computing and microstructure morphology observation, the apparent activation energy (Ea) of two kinds of regenerated cement clinkers are 199 kJ/mol and 333 kJ /mol respectively, which is lower than that of traditional cement clinker (518 kJ/mol). The reac

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Lima, Maria Margarida Rolim Augusto, L. F. C. Braz, Regina da Conceição Corredeira Monteiro, and J. P. Veiga. "Effect of Phosphogypsum on the Clinkerization Temperature of Portland Cement Clincker." Materials Science Forum 730-732 (November 2012): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.730-732.94.

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Phosphogypsum (PG) is a pollutant residue resulting from the production of phosphoric acid in the phosphated fertilizers industry. About 180 millions of tons of PG are generated worldwide per year, which originates storage problems because of the environmental restrictions and the high costs of storage spaces. Taking into account the mineralizer properties of PG it has been studied a way to valorize this residue as an alternative material in the production of Portland cement clinker. The PG and the raw-materials (limestone, marl, sand and iron oxide) were chemical, mineralogical and thermally

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Staněk, Theodor, Martin Boháč, and Petr Sulovský. "Chemical Activation of Dicalcium Silicate and its Use for Cement Production." Advanced Materials Research 1151 (March 2019): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1151.17.

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In this work, it was found out that dicalcium silicate doped with SO3 shows higher hydraulic activity compared to pure dicalcium silicate. This finding was used to prepare and optimize high-belite cement from SO3 doped clinkers. The belite cement exhibited the same technological parameters, including short-term strengths, as ordinary Portland cement with a high content of tricalcium silicate. The clinker for belite cement is environmentally and economically advantageous. It is possible to burn the clinker at a temperature of 100 °C lower than conventional clinker and with lower consumption of

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Wang, Lei, Run Dong Li, Yan Long Li, and Li Hong Wei. "Incorporation of Cadmium into Clinker during the Co-Processing of Waste with Cement Kiln." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2160.

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The incorporation of cadmium into clinker during the co-processing of waste with cement kiln was investigated. Cadmium contained reagent was added to the cement raw meal to produce clinkers after clinkerization process. XRD analysis and SEM-EDS analysis were employed to indentify the major mineral phase of clinker and the cadmium contained mineral phase. Leaching test, sequential extraction procedures were employed to evaluate the leaching potential of cadmium in clinker. The results show the stabilization rate of cadmium during the clinkerization process is low. The incorporation ratio of cad

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Storchai, N. S., and Yu L. Savin. "Use of ilmenite ore enrichment wastes in the production of Portland cement clinker." Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, no. 5 (October 2022): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2022-144-5-110-114.

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We presented the results of the research on the influence of d-elements of ilmenite ore beneficiation wastes of the Vilnohirsk Mining and Metallurgical Plant on the structure and properties of Portland cement clinker minerals, firing properties and their hydraulic activity. It was established that the use of the enrichment wastes as an aluminosilicate component of the raw material mixture for clinker firing contributes to the reduction of the consumption of blast furnace granulated slag, simultaneously increasing the consumption of limestone. The presence of compounds of d-elements contained i

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Goswami, G., and J. D. Panda. "Application of XRD in a rapid quality control system of cement." Powder Diffraction 14, no. 2 (June 1999): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600010393.

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The present paper establishes that the ratio between the XRD pulse counts of cement clinkers at d=0.278 and 0.274 nm bears a distinct relationship with the degree of sintering of the clinker, which is one of the factors that determine the cement quality. The paper also presents a rapid and accurate method for predicting both 3- and 28-day compressive strength (CCS) of cement mortar cubes based on XRD of the cement clinkers. The method is based on an index Xn derived from the XRD pulse counts at d=0.2959 and 0.287 nm corresponding to alite (hkl=202) and belite (hkl=102) phases of the clinker, r

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Venkatesh, Sivanandam, Kannan Ramkumar, and Rengarajan Amirtharajan. "Predictive Controller Design for a Cement Ball Mill Grinding Process under Larger Heterogeneities in Clinker Using State-Space Models." Designs 4, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs4030036.

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Chemical process industries are running under severe constraints, and it is essential to maintain the end-product quality under disturbances. Maintaining the product quality in the cement grinding process in the presence of clinker heterogeneity is a challenging task. The model predictive controller (MPC) poses a viable solution to handle the variability. This paper addresses the design of predictive controller for the cement grinding process using the state-space model and the implementation of this industrially prevalent predictive controller in a real-time cement plant simulator. The real-t

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., Marhaini, Eka Sri Yusmartini, and Kurnia Aini. "The Effect of Tricalcium Silicate (C3S) Percentage in Clinkerson the Cement Quality." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 10, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v10i1.31294.

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Composite cement products produced by national cement factories in Indonesia should follow the required quality standards. The quality standard of composite cement refers to the SNI 7064:2014. Some physical parameters of the quality standards set are mortar compressive strength and autoclave expansion. Compressive strength is influenced by C3S and C2S in the clinker. The reaction of the formation of mineralogical compounds occurs when clinkers formed. Whereas the expansion by autoclave is influenced by the levels of free lime in the cement. This research was conducted to determine the effect o

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Evdokimova, M. E., and M. A. Pashkevich. "Utilisation of titanium-containing wastes in the cement industry: A literature review." Vestnik MGTU 27, no. 2 (June 28, 2024): 170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21443/1560-9278-2024-27-2-170-183.

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The metallurgical industry is among the leaders in waste production which has a high potential for recycling. The review paper considers the problems of metallurgical industry waste management and some possible ways of their solution. Waste acidic pickling solutions of titanium (titanium sludge) can be used as an additive to cement clinkers both to improve the characteristics of building materials and the efficiency of their production process. The influence of calcium fluoride (CaF2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) on cement clinkers at different concentrations of substances and sintering tempera

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Mohapatra, B. N. "Effect of Bogue Potential Phases of Clinker on the Mechanical Strength of Fly ash-Limestone Based Portland Composite Cement." April 2021 2, no. 2 (December 12, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebacom.2021.5538.

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Continuous rise in population coupled with infrastructural requirements leads to increasing demand of cement which is projected to be around 4.8 billion tons by 2030 and 6.0 billion tons annually by 2050 from current production level of more than 4.2 billion tons [1], and this further requires judicious use of natural resources, particularly limestone on one side and to mitigate carbon and energy footprints on other for sustainable development. Therefore, to bring down environmental impact during cement production, cement industries have been engaged over the years to substitute Portland cemen

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Durczak, Karol, Michał Pyzalski, Tomasz Brylewski, and Agnieszka Sujak. "Effect of Variable Synthesis Conditions on the Formation of Ye’elimite-Aluminate-Calcium (YAC) Cement and Its Hydration in the Presence of Portland Cement (OPC) and Several Accessory Additives." Materials 16, no. 17 (September 3, 2023): 6052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16176052.

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In the presented study, ye’elimite-aluminate-calcium (YAC) cement was synthesized. Complete synthesis of crystalline phases was achieved at a temperature of 1300 °C, which is 150 °C lower than the temperature standardly used in the processes of obtaining calcium aluminate cements (CAC). The greatest amount of ye’elimite phase (Klein complex), roughly 87% by mass, was acquired utilizing a sulphur ion transporter derived from artificial dihydrate gypsum obtained in the flue gas desulphurization process (variation I). In the case of anhydrite, the amount of synthesized crystalline ye’elimite in t

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Fidanchevski, Emilija, Katarina Šter, Maruša Mrak, Ljiljana Kljajević, Gorazd Žibret, Klemen Teran, Bojan Poletanovic, Monika Fidanchevska, Sabina Dolenec, and Ildiko Merta. "The Valorisation of Selected Quarry and Mine Waste for Sustainable Cement Production within the Concept of Circular Economy." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (June 2, 2022): 6833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116833.

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The cement industry could potentially consume large amounts of solid industrial waste in order to improve its sustainability. The suitability of selected quarry and mine waste as secondary raw materials (SRM) was examined for the sustainable production of cement following the concept of a circular economy. The chemical, mineralogical, and radiological characterization of SRM was conducted in this study. Its potential use in low-carbon and low-energy belite-sulfoaluminate cement was investigated by incorporating the examined SRM into cement clinker. Various characterization methods were used to

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Magrla, Radek, Karel Kulísek, Karel Dvořák, and Dominik Gazdič. "Substitution of Limestone in Raw Mixture for Burning Portland Cement by FBC Ash." Advanced Materials Research 1124 (September 2015): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1124.31.

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This paper describes effort to reduce amount of gypsum in raw mixture for burning of Portland cement. Substitution of this material was realized by FBC ash. From these modified raw mixtures the clinkers were burnt, which were milled into cement then. These cements were subjected to basic technological tests.

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Kabulova, Lola, and Gulistan Orazimbetova. "Research of Frost Resistance of Tuff-Containing Portland Cement." E3S Web of Conferences 491 (2024): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202449102003.

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Results of a study of frost resistance up to 150 cycles of freezing and thawing of Portland cement and pozzolanic Portland cements obtained on the basis of these Portland cement clinkers with various dosages burnt tuffite, gliège , showed that up to 30% tuffite to Portland cements with different mineralogical composition has a positive effect, increasing their grade in standard samples.

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Zhao, Shi Zhen, Feng Lan Han, Gui Qun Liu, Mao Hui Li, and Yu Jie Chen. "Preparation and Mechanical Performance of Sulpoaluminate Cement by Using Industrial Solid Wastes." Key Engineering Materials 726 (January 2017): 510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.726.510.

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By using Mn slag, Mg slag and Fly ash which comes from industrial process in Ningxia province as raw materials, the sulpoaluminate cement was prepared via sintering raw materials in a furnace. The physical and chemical characteristic of sulpoaluminate cement clinker was tested. The optimal proportion of clinkers is also determined by the results of phase composition, microstructure and hydration mechanism. The results shows that when the mixed ratio of Mn slag, Mg slag and Fly ash is 21%, 21% and 0% respectively in the raw materials and the calcination temperature is 1300 °C for 30 min, sulpho

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Su, Dunlei, Gongbing Yue, Qiuyi Li, Yuanxin Guo, Song Gao, and Liang Wang. "Research on the Preparation and Properties of High Belite Sulphoaluminate Cement (HBSAC) Based on Various Industrial Solid Wastes." Materials 12, no. 9 (May 9, 2019): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091510.

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In this study, a variety of industrial solid wastes, including petroleum coke desulfurization slag, fly ash and carbide slag with natural resource bauxite, were used as raw materials to prepare high belite suphoaluminate cement, which contains a certain CaSO4 content without adding natural gypsum to the clinker. The sintering temperature, mineral composition, and the physical and mechanical properties of the cement clinkers were investigated. The techniques adopted included a comprehensive thermal analysis (DSC-TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron micros

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Odler, I., and H. Zhang. "Investigations on high SO3 portland clinkers and cements I. Clinker synthesis and cement preparation." Cement and Concrete Research 26, no. 9 (September 1996): 1307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(96)00128-7.

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Andrade, F. R. D., M. Pecchio, D. P. Bendoraitis, T. J. Montanheiro, and Y. Kihara. "Basalt mine-tailings as raw-materials for Portland clinker." Cerâmica 56, no. 337 (March 2010): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69132010000100007.

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Large volumes of waste materials are produced by crushing of basaltic rocks for aggregate production, which is widely used in regions that lack rocks of granitic or gneissic composition. Two types of waste materials are produced (a) quarry fines, which are in part used as fine aggregates in concrete and (b) vesicular basalt, a porous variety of basalt that is useless as aggregate. This paper presents a procedure to use basaltic mine-tailings as raw-mixtures for Portland cement by adjusting the proportion of the other raw-materials (limestone, clay, iron ore). It is demonstrated that there is n

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Wu, Yuan Chao, Xiao Cun Liu, Bao Liang Li, Tong Liu, Wei Shan Wang, and Yan Jun Li. "Study on the Adaptability Between the Amount of C₃S Mineral in Alite-Sulphoaluminate Cement Clinker and the Fly Ash." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 975–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.975.

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The paper studied the adaptability between alite-sulphoaluminate cement clinkers with different amount of C3S and the fly ash admixture. The results showed that: with a fixed content of C3S, the setting time of the cement delayed, and the compressive strength of the cement decreased with increasing amount of fly ash admixture. With a fixed content of the fly ash admixture, the setting time of the cement delayed, the compressive strength of the cement increased with the increase amount of C3S, and the lowed percentage of the strength decrease at each ages; With addition of fly ash admixture, th

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Pizoń, Jan, Beata Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk, and Patrycja Miera. "The Influence of the Acceleration Admixture Type and Composition of Cement on Hydration Heat and Setting Time of Slag Blended Cement." Materials 15, no. 8 (April 11, 2022): 2797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082797.

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This article presents recent research on cements containing GGBFS and their modifications with accelerating admixtures. The initial setting time and hydration heat evolution results are presented for cement CEM II/B-S and CEM III/A manufactured with three Portland clinkers of various phase compositions. The research was carried out at 8 °C and 20 °C. The main objective is to assess the behavior of blended cements in cooperation with modern admixtures that contain nucleation seeds. The authors aimed to compare and evaluate different methods to reduce setting time, namely, the effects of tempera

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da Silva Andrade Neto, José, Bruna Bueno Mariani, Nilson Santana Amorim Júnior, and Daniel Véras Ribeiro. "Characterization of Cements Produced from Clinker Co-Processed with TiO₂ Waste (UOW)." Key Engineering Materials 803 (May 2019): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.803.278.

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The aim of the present study is to evaluate the properties of cements produced from clinkers co-processed with unreacted ore waste (UOW), that is a waste generated in TiO2 production. A commercial CP V ARI RS cement and four different cements produced in the laboratory were characterized. The cements produced in the laboratory were made from raw mixes with a Lime Saturation Factor (LSF) fixed in 98% and varying the incorporation content of TiO2 in 0% (reference); 0.5%; 1.0% and 2.0% from the incorporation of UOW, by weight. The raw mixes were calcined at 1340°C and the resulting clinkers were

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Liu, Yan Jun, and Yong Chao Zheng. "Mineral Waste Coupled with Boron Oxide for Producing Active Belite Cement Clinker." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 2564–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2564.

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This paper presents a laboratory study on active belite cement clinker using boron oxide as dopant to stabilize high temperature phases of Dicalcium silicate (C2S), and mineral waste as siliceous materials in complete replacement of clay. The clinker samples were soaked in Muffle Furnace at different burning temperatures and for various time durations, and then, cooled down to room temperature using air blower. Quantitative X-ray Diffraction analysis (QXRD) by Rietveld method indicates that major mineral components are Dicalcium Silicate (C2S), Ferrite (C2 (A0.48F1.52) O5) and trace amount of

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Kuandykova, Aknur, Bakhitzhan Taimasov, Ekaterina Potapova, Bakhitzhan Sarsenbaev, Alexandr Kolesnikov, Meiram Begentayev, Erzhan Kuldeyev, et al. "Production of Composite Cement Clinker Based on Industrial Waste." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 7 (July 3, 2024): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs8070257.

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The possibility of producing cement clinker using low-energy, resource-saving technologies is studied. The composition of industrial waste for low-energy-intensive production of Portland cement clinker at factories in Southern Kazakhstan is analyzed. The possibility of replacing the deficient iron-containing corrective additive with “Waelz clinker for zinc ores” is shown. “Waeltz clinker from zinc ores” as part of the raw material charge performs several tasks: it is a ferrous corrective additive, works as a mineralizer for clinker formation processes, introduces coal into the charge and allow

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Yan, Man, Min Deng, Chen Wang, and Zhiyang Chen. "Effect of Particle Size of Periclase on the Periclase Hydration and Expansion of Low-Heat Portland Cement Pastes." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (October 9, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1307185.

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In this paper, low-heat Portland cement (LHC) clinkers were prepared by calcining raw materials at 1350°C for 2.0 hours, 1400°C for 1.0 hour, 1400°C for 1.5 hours, 1400°C for 2.0 hours, 1450°C for 1.0 hour, and 1450°C for 2.0 hours. The clinkers were ground with gypsum to produce LHC. The particle size of periclase was analysed by BSEM. Expansion of LHC pastes due to hydration of periclase was measured. The hydration degree of periclase in LHC pastes was quantitatively determined by XRD internal standard method and BSEM. The results showed that the particle size of periclase was larger when cl

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Jiao, You Zhou, Pan Ding, and Shuang Li Du. "Research on Mineral Formation Mechanism of Pulverized Coal Combustion Boiler Co-Generating Q-Phase Cement Clinker." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1687.

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Conduct test of 2CaO•Al2O3•SiO2 transformed into Q-phase mineral with analytical reagent CaO, SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO in library high-temperature furnace. And carry out experimental investigation on the mineral formation rule of co-generation Q-phase cement clinker on two-section multiphase reaction test stand simulating pulverized coal combustion boiler based on the test. It was found that: 2CaO•Al2O3•SiO2 may generate Q-phase mineral with hydration activity together with appreciated amount of CaO and MgO; experimental coal sort in reasonable ratio may co-generate cement clinker with main mineral

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Putri, Nilda Tri, and Indah Kurnia Ramadhani. "Penjadwalan Cement Mill Berbasis Minimasi Faktor Klinker dalam Proses Pembilasan dan Impor Klinker." Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri 15, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/josi.v15.n1.p62-77.2016.

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PT Semen Padang is one of the cement companies in Indonesia. Cement production influenced by the number of demand, raw materials and the number of the available machine. The number of demand increases with a corporate capacity which keeps the company had to set an optimal production schedule. Scheduling production should be followed by the availability of raw materials (clinker). The number of clinkers required influenced by the number of demands and clinker elapsed to the flushing process. Flushing process happens if the transition products produced from Non-OPC to a product OPC, for one flus

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Zhao, Pi Qi, Wen Zong, Shou De Wang, Gui Yun Wang, and Ling Chao Lu. "Performance of Belite-Barium Calcium Sulphoaluminate Cement Prepared by Substituting Fly Ash for Clay." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 1066–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.1066.

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The mineral structure and performance of belite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement clinkers were investigated by petrographic analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results showed that the minerals of calcium barium sulphoaluminate (C2.75B1.25A3) and C2S could coexist in the belite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement clinker, and the optimal sintering temperature was 1380°C, at which, more C2.75B1.25A3was formed, well developed and also evenly distributed in the optimal sintering condition. If the sintering temperature exceeded 1380°C, the decomposi

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