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Wu, Yung-chuan John. "Chinese norms of McNamara's cephalometric analysis /". View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B34608503.
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Wu, Yung-chuan John, i 吳永傳. "Chinese norms of McNamara's cephalometric analysis". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45012295.
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Ngema, Maureen Nkosazana. "A Cephalometric Comparison of Class II Extraction Cases Treated with Tip-Edge and Edgewise Techniques". University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4605.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)The Tip-Edge and edgewise techniques are the main techniques that are mostly used in orthodontics, and are applicable to the treatment of any type of malocclusion from the most simple to the most complex. The edgewise bracket wire combination produces bodily tooth movement simultaneously or separately in all three planes of space and hence permits correction of the most extreme tooth malpositions. On the other hand Tip-Edge offers a differential tooth movement (just like the previously used Begg technique) within an edgewise based bracket system (Parkhouse 2003). When treating patients using the Tip-Edge technique, it is recommended that a specialized archwire i.e. Australian stainless steel wire be used. This wire can be described as a round austenitic stainless steel wire that is heat-treated and cold-drawn to its proper diameter. This was done in order to produce its special and needed properties such as toughness, resiliency and tensile strength (Kesling, 1985). It is used in conjunction with light (2oz) class II elastics. The aim of this study was to compare cephalometric changes in skeletal and dento-alveolar parameters in cases treated by these two different orthodontic techniques. This was to be established by calculating and comparing the pre- and post-treatment cephalometric variables of cases treated with these techniques by looking at the skeletal and dento-alveolar measurements. Thirty Tip-Edge and thirty edgewise treated cases that had class II malocclusion, had extraction of four premolars and were treated with Class II elastics were selected. The gender distribution between the Tip-Edge and the edgewise techniques were 47% and 60% respectively for females. For males it was 53% in Tip-Edge and 40% in the edgewise techniques.
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Innes, Andrew, i andrew innes@defence gov au. "Genetic Programming for Cephalometric Landmark Detection". RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080221.123310.
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The domain of medical imaging analysis has burgeoned in recent years due to the availability and affordability of digital radiographic imaging equipment and associated algorithms and, as such, there has been significant activity in the automation of the medical diagnostic process. One such process, cephalometric analysis, is manually intensive and it can take an experienced orthodontist thirty minutes to analyse one radiology image. This thesis describes an approach, based on genetic programming, neural networks and machine learning, to automate this process. A cephalometric analysis involves locating a number of points in an X-ray and determining the linear and angular relationships between them. If the points can be located accurately enough, the rest of the analysis is straightforward. The investigative steps undertaken were as follows: Firstly, a previously published method, which was claimed to be domain independent, was implemented and tested on a selection of landmarks, ranging from easy to very difficult. These included the menton, upper lip, incisal upper incisor, nose tip and sella landmarks. The method used pixel values, and pixel statistics (mean and standard deviation) of pre-determined regions as inputs to a genetic programming detector. This approach proved unsatisfactory and the second part of the investigation focused on alternative handcrafted features sets and fitness measures. This proved to be much more successful and the third part of the investigation involved using pulse coupled neural networks to replace the handcrafted features with learned ones. The fourth and final stage involved an analysis of the evolved programs to determine whether reasonable algorithms had been evolved and not just random artefacts learnt from the training images. A significant finding from the investigative steps was that the new domain independent approach, using pulse coupled neural networks and genetic programming to evolve programs, was as good as or even better than one using the handcrafted features. The advantage of this finding is that little domain knowledge is required, thus obviating the requirement to manually generate handcrafted features. The investigation revealed that some of the easy landmarks could be found with 100\% accuracy while the accuracy of finding the most difficult ones was around 78\%. An extensive analysis of evolved programs revealed underlying regularities that were captured during the evolutionary process. Even though the evolutionary process took different routes and a diverse range of programs was evolved, many of the programs with an acceptable detection rate implemented algorithms with similar characteristics. The major outcome of this work is that the method described in this thesis could be used as the basis of an automated system. The orthodontist would be required to manually correct a few errors before completing the analysis.
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Adams, Colleen Ann. "The twin block appliance, a cephalometric analysis of vertical control". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0005/MQ59769.pdf.
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Khor, Beow Seng. "A cephalometric soft tissue analysis of the Chinese facial profile /". Title page, contents and summary only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmk45.pdf.
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Neto, Mustaphá Amad. ""Estudo da padronização para a determinação de pontos cefalométricos utilizados na cefalometria radiológica"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-14122004-112308/.
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O objetivo nesta pesquisa foi o de avaliar quantitativamente as variações na determinação de 7 pontos cefalométricos e analisar o quanto que estes erros podem influenciar no planejamento e progressão da terapêutica ortodôntica. Foram utilizados 14 crânios macerados onde fora colocadas esferas metálicas para a demarcação dos pontos cefalométricos escolhidos. Estes crânios foram radiografados com e sem as esferas metálicas, e as grandezas cefalométricas avaliadas estatisticamente. Os resultados mostraram que a média de erro na localização dos pontos foi de 57,5% e que este desvio em termos numéricos podem levar a equívocos de planejamento que podem comprometer seriamente o resultado do tratamento com desvios em algumas medidas cefalométricas de até 4mm. As mensurações relacionadas aos pontos espinha nasal anterior, pogonio e gônio foram as que tiveram maior reprodutibilidade, porém, as medidas cefalométricas relacionadas ao ponto A mostraram que as diferenças encontradas então em torno de 4,3mm, e que a avaliação do comprimento mandibular obtida pela localização do ponto condílio, também gerou diferenças de 2,8mm em média, alterando assim substancialmente as avaliações para diagnóstico e tratamento ortodôntico e cirúrgico.The aim of this study were to evaluate quantitatively the variations on the determination of 7 cephalometric landmarks and to analyze how these differences may influence the planning and outcome of the orthodontic treatment. Small steel balls were glued on specific sites of 14 dry skulls to represent the true anatomical landmarks. The skulls were radiographed with and without the steel balls, and the cephalometric values were submitted to statistical analysis. Results showed that the error in the localization of the landmarks was in average 57,5%. This high deviation, that reaches up to 4mm in certain cephalometric measurements, could lead to errors in treatment planning and compromise the result of any orthodontic treatment. Measurements of the Anterior Nasal Spine, Pogonion and Gonion showed the highest reproducibility, while point A showed the lowest (4,3mm). The evaluation of the mandibular length through the identification of Condyle also showed high discrepancies (2,8mm), which may alter the evaluations for orthodontic and/or surgical diagnosis and treatment.
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Cziraki, Suzanne Elizabeth. "The reproducibility and accuracy of cephalometric analysis using different digital imaging modalities and image compression". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63001.pdf.
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Brady, Patrick. "Cephalometric analysis of adolescents with severe Class II Division 1 malocclusions treated surgically and non-surgically". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3052.
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Introduction: Class II Division 1 malocclusions are characterized by a retrusive mandible and prominent upper incisors. Despite Class II malocclusions being one of the most frequently treated cases in orthodontists' office, there is no uniform consensus in the orthodontic community on the best treatment modality and biomechanical approach to use in treating patients with Class II malocclusions.
Purpose: This paper examines the end-of-treatment outcomes of severe Class II Division I malocclusion patients treated with surgical versus non-surgical approaches.
Study Design: This is a retrospective study of consecutively treated severe Class II Division I patients at the University of Iowa. Initial and deband lateral cephalometric radiographs were compared between 45 non-surgical and 21 surgical patients. All patients that were debanded between the ages of 13 to 19 years were included. Multivariable regression analyses were used to examine differences in outcomes between treatment groups.
Results: Following adjustment for patient level confounders (age, gender, and race), those treated surgically had better end of treatment cephalometric outcomes. Those treated surgically had a more balanced skeletal profile, greater reduction in overjet, and improvement in ANB angle (p
Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment in conjunction with orthognathic surgery is a more ideal treatment for patients with severe Class II Division I malocclusion. When treated surgically, a greater amount of overjet can be reduced while keeping lower incisors in a more stable position in bone.
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Silveira, Heraldo Luis Dias da. "Desenvolvimento e teste de um modelo interativo para aprendizagem e calibragem em cefalometria radiográfica". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13155.
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As análises cefalométricas computadorizadas baseiam-se na marcação de pontos anatômicos sobre imagens radiográficas digitalizadas. Estudos têm questionado o desempenho dos executores, tendo em vista a falta de reprodutibilidade dos exames. Tal fato, gera preocupação com a formação do profissional para a prática da cefalometria radiográfica. Desta forma, se faz necessária a criação de novas abordagens no ensino que permitam promover e consolidar conhecimentos e intervenções neste domínio. Dentro deste contexto, foram desenvolvidos um objeto virtual chamado Ceph-Learning para aprendizagem e um software intitulado Cyclops Cephalometry para treinamento e calibragem em cefalometria radiográfica. Especialistas em tecnologia educativa, ortodontia, alunos de graduação e pós-graduação testaram os produtos criados. Os resultados mostraram que estes apresentam-se como ferramentas úteis, eficientes e facilitadoras do processo de aprendizagem e calibragem, servindo de suporte para o aprendizado e prática da cefalometria. Conclui-se que a tecnologia virtual aplicada ao aprendizado assistido por computador é eficiente e melhora o desempenho acadêmico e profissional nos exames cefalométricos.Computed cephalometric analysis is based on the identification of anatomical landmarks marked on digitized radiographic images. Some studies have been enquiring the performance of the examiner, considering the analysis lack of reproducibility. This outcome generates a concern regarding the academic training of the professionals responsible for the cephalometric analysis. Therefore, the creation of new educational approaches which could allow the promotion and consolidation of interventions within this domain is necessary. This context has lead to the development of a virtual object directed to teaching denominated Ceph-Learning and a calibrating and training software named Cyclops Cephalometry. Technology education and orthodontics specialists, undergraduate and graduate students have tested the developed products. Results show that these tools have facilitated the teaching and calibrating process proven to be useful and efficient, therefore, standing as a cephalometric practice and learning support. As a conclusion, virtual technology applied to computer-aided learning is efficient and improves the professional and academic performance regarding cephalometric analysis.
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Brazeau, Lisamarie O. "Cephalometric analysis of posttreatment changes in class ii division 1 patients treated in either one or two phases". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0004880.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2004.Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 31 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Uchida, Lucio Marcus. "Avaliação da concordância do diagnóstico ortodôntico utilizando análise facial subjetiva e cefalométrica". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23151/tde-02092013-171026/.
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Objetivo: Com o propósito de contribuir com o diagnóstico ortodôntico realizou-se o presente estudo para verificar a associação existente entre a Avaliação Subjetiva da Altura Facial e as mensurações cefalométricas do Índice de Vert (Análise de Ricketts), Quociente de Proporcionalidade (Análide de Siriwat-Jarabak) e Altura Facial Anterior inferior - AFAi (Análise de McNamara), disponíveis para avaliar padrão esquelético vertical da face de um indivíduo. Métodos: Utilizou-se 174 fotografias faciais padronizadas (87 frontais e 87 laterais) e 87 telerradiografias em norma lateral, correspondente a 46 adultos portadores de perfil facial equilibrado e 41 adultos que não apresentavam equilíbrio do perfil facial. Através do programa de computador (Dolphin 3D® version 11 premium, Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, CA EUA) foram obtidas as mensurações cefalométricas referentes às análises estudadas. Três ortodontistas experientes realizaram a Avaliação Subjetiva da Altura Facial através das fotografias de frente e de perfil, classificando a altura da face em aumentada, normal ou diminuída. Resultados: O teste estatístico Kappa ponderado foi utilizado para avaliar a concordância entre as análises e, os resultados mostraram fraca concordância (<0,40) entre a AFAi de McNamara e a Análise Facial Subjetiva da Altura Facial, tanto em normal frontal (Kappa ponderado = 0,208) como em norma lateral (Kappa ponderado = 0,145). O Índice de Vert da Análise de Ricketts e o Quociente de Proporcionalidade da Análise de Siriwat-Jarabak não apresentaram concordância com a Análise Facial Subjetiva. Conclusão: A AFAi da Análise de McNamara apresentou fraca concordância com a Avaliação Subjetiva da Altura Facial em comparação com as outras análises avaliadas.Objective: In order to contribute to the orthodontic diagnosis and facial analyses, this study evaluated the association between the Subjective Evaluation of Facial Height and cephalometric measurements of the Vert Index (Ricketts analysis), ratio quotient (Siriwat-Jarabak analysis) and lower anterior facial height LAFH (McNamara analysis), available to evaluate the vertical skeletal pattern of an individuals face. Methods: The sample of this study was composed by 174 standardized facial photographs (87 frontal and 87 lateral) and 87 lateral cephalograms, obtained from 46 adults with balanced facial profile and 41 adults without balance of the facial profile. A computer software (Dolphin 3D® version 11 premium, Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, CA USA) was used for achievement of cephalometric measurements of the analyses investigated. Three experienced orthodontists conducted the Subjective Evaluation of Facial Height by observation of frontal and profile photographs, scoring the facial height as increased, normal or reduced. Results: The weighed Kappa statistics was applied to evaluate the concordance between analyses, and the results revealed weak agreement (k<0.40) between the LAFH of McNamara and the Subjective Evaluation of Facial Height, both in frontal view (weighed Kappa = 0.208) and lateral view (weighed Kappa = 0.145). The Vert index of the Ricketts analysis and the Siriwat- Jarabak ratio quotient did not present concordance with the subjective facial analysis. Conclusion: The LAFH of the McNamara analysis presented concordance with the Subjective Evaluation of Facial Height compared to the other analyses investigated.
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Lopes, Klaus Barretto. "Avaliações tegumentares, esqueléticas e dentárias do perfil facial". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23133/tde-02032005-171900/.
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O propósito do presente estudo foi avaliar, radiograficamente, a relação entre lábios, pogônio mole, maxila, mandíbula e incisivos em indivíduos com perfil facial equilibrado. Foram avaliados 30 brasileiros do gênero feminino, entre 19 e 31 anos de idade, dos quais foram obtidas telerradiografias em norma lateral, na posição natural da cabeça orientada. A análise cefalométrica foi realizada avaliando-se o nariz, os lábios e o pogônio mole em relação à linha vertical verdadeira que passa pelo ponto subnasal (SnV), a maxila e a mandíbula em relação à base do crânio e os incisivos em relação às suas bases ósseas. Os resultados demonstraram que o lábio superior se apresentou ligeiramente à frente da linha SnV, o lábio inferior se posicionou sobre a linha e o pogônio mole atrás da mesma. Já a maxila se apresentou ligeiramente protruída enquanto que a mandíbula encontrou-se bem posicionada em relação à base do crânio, deste modo, a relação maxílo-mandibular se mostrou um pouco aumentada. Embora os incisivos superiores tenham apresentado inclinações normais, os inferiores se encontraram ligeiramente vestibularizados. Foram, também, observadas correlações positivas estatisticamente significativas entre: o comprimento mandibular e a projeção do lábio inferior; a projeção do pogônio duro e a projeção do pogônio mole; a relação maxilo-mandibular e a relação labial no sentido antero-posterior; a projeção dos lábios e a projeção do pogônio mole. Foi observada, ainda, correlação negativa estatisticamente significativa entre: a inclinação do incisivo inferior e a projeção do lábio inferior; a inclinação do incisivo inferior e a projeção pogônio mole.The purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate the relations hip between lips, soft pogonion, maxilla, mandible and incisors in individuals with a balanced facial profile. Thirty Brazilian women aged 19 to 31 years were evaluated, from whom teleradiographs (lateral view) were taken in the natural position of the oriented head. The cephalometric analysis was performed evaluating the nose, the lips and the soft pogonion in relation to the vertical line which passes by the subnasal point (SnV), the maxilla and the mandible in relation to the base of the skull and the incisors in relation to their bone bases. The results demonstrated that the upper lip was slightly forward to SnV line, the lower lip was positioned on the line and the soft pogonion was behind the line. The maxilla was slightly protruded, whereas the mandible waswell positioned in relation to the base of the skull, therefore the maxillomandibular relationship was somewhat augmented. Although the upper incisors had normal inclinations, the lower incisors were slightly protruded. Statistically significant positive correlations were also observed between the mandibular length and the projection of the lower lip; the projection of the hard pogonion and the projection of the soft pogonion; the maxillomandibular relationship and the lip relationship in the anteroposterior direction and between the projection of the lips and the projection of the soft pogonion. A statistically significant negative correlation was also found between the inclination of the lower incisor and the projection of the lower lip and between the inclination of the lower incisor and the projection of the soft pogonion.
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Fontes, Fernanda Pinelli Henriques. "Efeitos cefalométricos promovidos pelos aparelhos extrabucal cervical e distalizadores de molares superiores Jones Jig, no tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25144/tde-04062013-105112/.
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Introdução: Este estudo comparou os efeitos cefalométricos promovidos por dois aparelhos distalizadores de molares superiores distintos, o aparelho extrabucal cervical e o aparelho Jones Jig de caráter intrabucal, associados ao aparelho ortodôntico fixo. Objetivos: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi obter e comparar os valores entre os distalizadores , afim de saber quais as diferenças que ocorrem entre os protocolos de tratamento. Material e Métodos: O grupo AEB consiste de 25 pacientes apresentando má oclusão de Classe II, com idade média inicial de 13,00 anos, tratados por meio do aparelho extrabucal cervical associado ao aparelho ortodôntico fixo. O grupo Jones Jig foi de 21 pacientes possuindo má oclusão de Classe II, com idade média inicial de 12,88 anos, tratados com o aparelho Jones Jig seguido do aparelho ortodôntico fixo. Foram avaliadas as telerradiografias em norma lateral no início e no final do tratamento ortodôntico. Os grupos foram compatibilizados em relação à idade inicial, gênero da amostra, severidade da má oclusão de Classe II, características cefalométricas iniciais e finais. A partir das telerradiografias foram obtidos os traçados cefalométricos, utilizando-se o programa Dentalfacial Planner 7.02 para avaliação das grandezas esqueléticas e dentoalveolares. Foi realizado o teste estatístico teste t de Student não paramétrico para dados normais e o Man Witney para os dados não normais. Resultados: Houve um redirecionamento do crescimento maxilar no grupo AEB, resultando na restrição do vetor de crescimento maxilar para anterior, o que promoveu a melhora da relação maxilomandibular esquelética. No grupo Jones Jig, verificou somente efeitos dentoalveolares. Em ambos os protocolos de tratamento, não houve diferenças na mandíbula a não ser as diferenças que ocorrem naturalmente com o crescimento craniofacial. Não houve diferença nas repercussões de ambos os tratamentos no perfil facial tegumentar. Conclusão: Ambos os aparelhos corrigiram a má oclusão de Classe II, de forma semelhante, com a estabilização sagital do complexo dentoalveolar superior proporcionada pelos aparelhos distalizadores, enquanto que o complexo dentoalveolar inferior avançava em direção anterior, devido ao crescimento mandibular.Introduction: This study compared the effects of two cephalometric promoted by two different molar distalizers, the cervical headgear and intraoral Jones Jig appliance, associated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Objectives: The aim of this study was to obtain and compare values between two different types of distalizer devices in order to know what the differences that occur between the treatment protocols. Material and Methods: The headgear group consists of 25 patients with Class II malocclusion, with an initial mean age of 13,00 years, treated by cervical headgear associated with fixed orthodontic appliance. The Jones Jig group is 21 patients having Class II malocclusion, with an initial mean age of 12,88 years, treated with the Jones Jig appliance followed by fixed orthodontic appliance. We evaluated the lateral cephalograms at the beginning and end of orthodontic treatment. The groups were matched for initial age, sample gender, severity of Class II malocclusion, initial and final cephalometric features. The radiographs were obtained from the cephalometric, using Dentalfacial Planner 7.02 program to evaluate the skeletal and dentoalveolar magnitudes. The nonparametric statistical t test and Man Witiney was performed. Results: There was a redirection of maxillary growth in the headgear group resulting in the restriction of maxillary growth vector for earlier, which allowed improvement of skeletal maxillomandibular relationship. Jones Jig group, there were only dentoalveolar effects. In both treatment protocols, there were no differences in the jaw unless the differences that naturally occur with craniofacial growth. Conclusion: Both appliances have corrected the Class II malocclusion, similarly, with the sagittal stabilization of the upper dentoalveolar complex provided by the distalizers, while the lower dentoalveolar complex advanced in an anterior direction due to mandibular growth. There was no difference in the effects of both treatments in soft facial profile.
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Bronfman, Caroline Nemetz. "Estudo comparativo do padrão cefalométrico de Ricketts em jovens brasileiros leucodermas, xantodermas e mestiços nipo-brasileiros". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25144/tde-03092013-150259/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: A cefalometria constitui um dos elementos auxiliares de grande importância no diagnóstico e planejamento ortodôntico. Diversos estudos já demonstraram que diferentes etnias apresentam algumas variáveis cefalométricas distintas. Realizar o tratamento ortodôntico tendo como guia outra raça ou etnia requer cuidado. As características próprias do indivíduo e seu padrão de miscigenação devem ser respeitados para suportar o diagnóstico e facilitar o plano de tratamento. OBJETIVO: Determinar os valores médios de normalidade das grandezas cefalométricas relacionadas à análise de Ricketts para jovens brasileiros leucodermas, xantodermas e nipo-brasileiros, com oclusão normal e com bom perfil facial, e compará-los entre si. MATERIAL e MÉTODOS: Foram utilizadas 40 telerradiografias laterais de jovens leucodermas (com idade média de 13,64 anos), 31 de xantodermas (com idade média de 15,63 anos) e 32 de nipo-brasileiros (com idade média de 13,96 anos), provenientes do arquivo da Disciplina de Ortodontia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru Universidade de São Paulo. Os dados obtidos foram avaliados estatisticamente pela análise de variância a 2 critérios (ANOVA a 2 critérios) e análise de covariância (ANCOVA) seguidos do teste Tukey. RESULTADOS: encontrou-se diferença estatística significante (p< 0,05) entre as etnias em 6 das variáveis estudadas: Is-APog, Is.APog, Ii-APog, 6-Ptv, profundidade facial e protrusão labial inferior. Não foi observado dimorfismo entre os gêneros. CONCLUSÕES: A amostra de xantodermas apresentou características bem demarcadas de maior protrusão dos incisivos e protrusão labial, e um mento mais retruído, quando comparada com leucodermas e nipo-brasileiros.INTRODUCTION: Cephalometry is one of the auxiliary elements with great importance in diagnosis and orthodontic planning. Several studies have shown that different ethnic groups have some distinct cephalometric variables. Do an orthodontic treatment having other race or ethnicity as a guide needs some care. The individual characteristics and miscegenation must be respected to support the diagnosis and facilitate treatment plan. OBJECTIVE: Determine the mean normal values and compare Ricketts cephalometric analysis in whites, xanthoderms and japanesebrazilians with normal occlusion and well-balanced faces. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample is composed by 103 lateral cephalograms of young brazilians from Orthodontics Department of Bauru Dental Scholl - University of São Paulo, divided into three groups of both genders: group I: 40 whites; group II: 31 xanthoderms; group III: 32 japanese-brazilians. The data were statistically evaluated by analysis of variance 2 criteria and analysis of covariance, followed by Tukey test. RESULTS: we found statistically significant difference (p <0.05) between ethnic groups in 6 variables: Ui-APOG, Ui.APog, Li-APOG, 6-PTV, facial depth and lower lip protrusion. There wasnt sexual dimorphism. CONCLUSIONS: xanthoderms presented a more retruded chin, incisive more protruded combining with a larger biprotrusion lip, compared with whites and japanese-brazilians.
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Pomilio, Arnaldo. "Restabelecimento do plano oclusal e da dimensão vertical de oclusão em dentaduras duplas confeccionadas com base na tecnica de zona neutra e sua avaliação frente aos padrões cefalometricos". [s.n.], 1998. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289081.
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Orientador: Frederico Andrade e SilvaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O presente trabalho objetiva verificar a validade de algumas referências anatômicas para determinar a altura do plano oclusal, quando da confecção de uma prótese total dupla, utilizando-se a técnica da zona neutra ou do equilíbrio muscular. Também foi avaliada a associação dos métodos de deglutição, métrico, estético e fonético para se determinar a dimensão vertical de oclusão. Para os 42 indivíduos que receberam as dentaduras duplas e as utilizaram por 15 dias para adaptação, foi feita uma telerradiografia em norma lateral com as superfícies oclusais e bordas incisais dos dentes inferiores previamente assinaladas com substância radiopaca. Foi executado um traçado cefalométrico em desdentados e os resultados comparados com os parâmetros universalmente aceitos como normais de padrões cefalométricos, usando-se, principalmente, a Análise de Ricketts apenas nos aspectos que interessavam, complementada por outros referenciais de pesquisa. Os resultados obtidos após a avaliação estatística permitiram concluir que: 1- A altura do lábio inferior em repouso, o maior diâmetro da língua, a ponta da língua, a metade da papila retromolar e o relativo paralelismo entre o rebordo alveolar superior e inferior são referências seguras para se determinar a altura do plano oclusal em próteses totais duplas, confeccionadas com base na técnica de zona neutra ou equilíbrio muscular quando comparado aos padrões de cefalometria. 2- A associação dos métodos de deglutição, métrico, fonético e estético para determinar a dimensão vertical de oclusão em indivíduos desdentados que receberam prótese total dupla também se mostrou eficiente quando comparada aos padrões cefalométricos. 3- Como mais uma referência para determinar a dimensão vertical de oclusão em pacientes que receberão uma prótese total dupla, pode-se utilizar as fórmulas: proporção espinha nasal anterior
Abstract: This dissertation aims at checking the validity of some anatomical references used to determine the height of the occlusal plane when manufacturing complete dentures based on the neutral zone or muscular balance technique. The association of the deglutition, metric, esthetic and phonetic methods was also evaluated to determine the occlusal vertical dimension. The 42 individuais who received double dentures and used them for 15 days for adaptation had a teleradiography taken at lateral norm, with the occlusal surfaces and incisal edges of the lower teeth previously marked with a radio-opaque substance. A cephalometric outline within the toothless individuals' limitations was done, and the results were compared to the parameters universally accepted as normal cephalometric standards. The Ricketts Analysis was mainly used to compare results, but only when it suited our purposes, and it was complemented by other research references: The results obtained after statistical evaluation show: 1- When compared to cephalometric standards, the height of the lower lip at rest, the largest diameter of the tongue, the tip of the tongue, half the retromolar pad and the relative parallelism between the upper and lower alveolar rim are sure references to determine the height of the occlusal plane when manufacturing double total prosthesis based on the neutral zone or muscular balance technique. 2- The association of deglutition, metric, esthetic and phonetic methods to determine the occlusal vertical dimension in edentulous individuais receiving double complete dentures has also proved efficient when compared to cephalometric standards. 3- The formulas below can be used as another reference to determine occlusal vertical dimension in patients receiving a complete dentures: ratio anterior nasal spine I mentum = 1.3 ratio nasion I anterior nasal spine or ratio nose basis I mentum = 1.19 ratio eye external corner I buccal commissure
Doutorado
Protese Dental
Doutor em Clínica Odontológica
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Oliveira, Deise Luciane Paiva. "Estudo comparativo dos traçados cefalometricos entre os planos de camper, plano oclusal de nobilo e plano oclusal natural, lado esquerdo e direito". [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289520.
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Orientador: Krunislave Antonio NobiloDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Na construção de próteses totais e pistas deslizantes de Nóbilo são utilizados como referência para o plano Dclusal , o ponto anterior, ângulo entre os Incisivos Centrais Superiores e as papilas retromolares. Após mais de 20 anos de experiência clínica com excelentes resultados, esse trabalho objetiva determinar as correlações entre os planos de Camper e o plano oclusal de Nóbilo, entre o plano de Camper e o plano oclusal Natural, entre o plano de Nóbilo e o plano oclusal Natural verificando a validade da técnica utilizada. Selecionamos vinte e cinco pacientes dentados completamente, estando em dimensão vertical f.siológica, sem nunca terem se submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico. Os pacientes foram moldados. Os modelos foram confeccionados e analisados. Na arcada superior, colocou-se um dispositivo de resina acrflica ativada quimicamente com uma esfera de chumbo que guarda a localização do ângulo incisal entre os incisivos centrais superiores. Na arcada inferior também colocou-se um dispositivo com a mesma resina incluindo a esfera de chumbo que guarda a localização do centro, o ponto mais elevado da papila retromolar . Na face foram colocadas as esferas de chumbo sobre o ponto subnasal e tragus. Foram realizadas as teleradiografias, lado esquerdo e direito. Foram feitos os traçados cefalométricos e a análise entre o plano de Camper e o plano oclusal de Nóbilo; entre o plano de Camper e o plano oclusal Natural e entre o plano Nóbilo e o plano oclusal Natural, através de programa de Computação Gráfica Corei Draw. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a média de angulação encontrada entre o plano oclusal de Nóbilo e o Natural foi de 3,3297 o para o lado esquerdo e de 3,2742° para o lado direito; entre o plano de Camper e Nóbito foi de 5,2960° para o lado esquerdo e de 5,4013° para o lado direito; entre Camper e Natural foi de 1,9630° para o lado esquerdo e de 2,0127° para o lado direito, sendo que estatisticamente não houve diferença significativa entre os lados esquerdo e direito dos respectivos planos. O estudo da relação entre os planos de Camper e plano eclusal Natural nos permitiu a comparação com os valores da literatura que estão em média em torno de 5°, compatível com o tamanho das amostras. Dessa maneira, os valores obtidos nessa pesquisa estão mais próximos do paralelismo. O menor intervalo de confiança encontrado foi em relação ao plano de Nóbilo em relação ao Natural no valor de 0,77210 que determina uma menor variabilidade entre os indivíduos da amostra quando da análise desses planos. Verificou-se pelo teste Exato de Fisher a presença de 2% de plano oclusal reverso na análise entre o plano de Camper e Nóbilo, 4% em relação ao plano de Nóbilo e Natural e 30% em relação ao plano de Camper e Natural. O plano de Nóbilo pode ser adotado com segurança como referência, devido a sua menor variabilidade entre os indíviduos, pela baixa porcentagem de plano oclusal reverso, ou seja, pela sua reprodutibilidade
Abstract: The anterior mark, angle between the superior central incisors, and retromolar pad are used in the construction of total prostheses and NóbHo's gliding plates as reference to the occlusal plane. The aim of this work, after more than 20 years of clinical experience with excellents results, is to determine the correlation between Camper' plane and Nóbilo's occlusal plane, between Camper's plane and the Natural occlusal plane and between Natural occlusal plane and the Nóbilo's occlusal plane. Verifying then the validity of the technique that was used. We selected 25 pacients with complete dentition, in physiological vertical dimension, who had never submitted to an orthodontic treatment. The patients were molded. activated with a sphere of lead that keeps the incisal angle location between the The models were ma de and analysed. A device of Acrylic Resin chemically central superior incisors, was placed at the superior arcade. At the inferior arcade, a device with the same resin was also placed including the sphere of lead that keeps the central location the most elevated point of retromolar pad. On the face, spheres of lead were placed on the subnasal and tragus points. Radiographies were taken of both rtght and left sides. Also, cephatometric tracings and analysis were carried out between Camper's plane and Nóbilo's occfusal plane, between Camper's plane and the Natural ocelusal plane and between the Natural oeelusal plane and Nóbilo's oectusal plane by using Corei Draw, whieh is a graphie eomputer programo The results obtained after the statistical evaluation allowed us to eonelude that the mean angulation found was 3,3297° to left side and 3,2742° to rigth side between Nóbilo's occlusal plane and the Natural one; 5,2960° to left side and 5,4013° to right side between Camper's plane and Nóbilo's one and 1,9630° to left side and 2,0127° to right si de between Camper's plane and the Natural one, and there were no significant difference between lefi and right sides. This last one gave us the opportunity to compare values of the literature whieh are around 50' eompatible with the size of the samples. Thus, the values obtained in this researeh are eloser to parallelism. The lowest index of reliability found was 0,7721° in relaeion to the Natural plane and Nóbilo's one. This value determines a lower variability between the individuais of the sample when these planes are analysed. The presenee of 2% the reverse occlusal plane in the analysis between Camper's plane and Nóbilo's one , 4% in relation to Nóbilo's plane and Natural one, and 30% in relation to Camper's plane and the Natural one was verified by the Exact Test of Fisher. The Nóbilo's oeelusal plane can be accepted with seeurtty due your lower vartability between the individuais, a by lower percentage of the reverse occlusal plane, because your capable of being reproduced.
Mestrado
Fisiologia Oral
Mestre em Odontologia
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Julyan, Johan Christian. "Soft tissue profile changes in patients treated with non-extraction versus second premolar extraction protocols - using the Damon system". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6374.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) (Orthodontics)Orthodontic treatment has the ability to improve the aesthetics and the function of patients. In order to create space, orthodontic treatment often requires removal of teeth. The most common teeth removed for orthodontic treatment are the premolars. It has become popular to remove second premolars in certain cases where the soft tissue profile should not be altered. The Damon self-ligating orthodontic system is renowned for not requiring dental extractions in the majority of cases. The effect of extractions on the soft tissue profile of patients, in conjunction with using the Damon system, has therefore not been researched. It is important to understand the effect that orthodontic treatment and extractions can have on the soft tissue profile of patients. This effect can accurately be determined by making use of the soft tissue cephalometric analysis, developed by Dr Reed A. Holdaway in 1983.
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Mario, Mauricio Conceição. "Modelo de análise de variáveis craniométricas através das redes neurais artificiais paraconsistentes". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-06112006-130001/.
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Este trabalho desenvolve um modelo para análise de variáveis craniométricas que utiliza as Redes Neurais Artificiais Paraconsistentes, assentadas na Lógica Paraconsistente Anotada de dois valores. Tal lógica possui a capacidade de mensurar incerteza, inconsistência e paracompleteza. A Lógica Paraconsitente vem sendo empregada em diversas aplicações sujeitas a estas situações, constituindo nova ferramenta matemática em Inteligência Artificial. O trabalho tem como principal objetivo melhorar o diagnóstico cefalométrico. O modelo desenvolvido recebe as medidas das variáveis craniométricas de um determinado paciente e as compara com as médias das variáveis craniométricas normais de uma amostra da população brasileira. Esta amostra é composta de crianças e adolescentes de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 6 a 18 anos, utilizadas neste trabalho como valores de referência de normalidade. A análise cefalométrica aqui proposta consiste em quantificar discrepâncias esqueletais e dentárias sob a Lógica Paraconsistente. O uso das Redes Neurais Artificiais Paraconsistentes permite agregar ao méto do um fator de incerteza, respeitando o diagnóstico ortodôntico tradicional, e ao mesmo tempo, contextualiza diferentes regiões craniofaciais. O resultado da análise consiste dos graus de discrepância esqueletal, anteroposterior e vertical, e graus de discrepância dentárias, relativas aos incisivos inferiores e superiores. Variáveis craniométricas de 120 pacientes foram processadas pelo modelo proposto e avaliadas por três especialistas em Ortodontia. De acordo com o índice Kappa, houve desde concordância satisfatória até concordância quase perfeita entre o modelo e os especialistas, de acordo com as variáveis consideradas. As opiniões inter-especialista são substancialmente similares às comparações entre os especialistas e o modelo apresentado, o que reflete o potencial do modelo como um sistema especialista. A utilização de técnicas de Inteligência Artificial através da Lógica Paraconsistente, permitiu significante melhora na análise cefalométrica proposta. O modelo apresentado pode ser adaptado a outras amostras ou populações, com a adaptação dos valores de referência iniciais de normalidade.This work shows the development of an unequal craniometric analysis model, which uses Paraconsistent Neural Network, based upon Paraconsistent Logic with two values. Such logical approach has the capability to handle concepts as uncertainness, inconsistency and paracompleteness. It has been used on diverse applications which present such features, constituting a new mathematical tool in Artificial Intelligence. The presented methodology had as main goal to booster diagnosis in Orthodontics. The developed model processes craniometric measures of a specific person, and compares to the expected means drawn from a Brazilian sample, comprised of children and adolescent individuals, ranging from 6 to 18 year-old, of both genders. The current cephalometric analysis, developed under the approach of Paraconsistent Logic, quantifies skeletal and dental discrepancies. The use of Paraconsistent Neural Network allows aggregating a factor of vagueness, respecting the limits of traditional orthodontic classification. At the same time, it contextualizes variables of different craniofacial regions. The results of the analysis are expressed through degrees of skeletal discrepancies, in the anteroposterior and vertical dimensions, and degrees of dental discrepancies, for the upper and lower incisors. Cephalometric va lues of a sample of 120 patients were processed by the paraconsistent model and analyzed by three specialists in Orthodontics. According to Kappa index, the agreement between the model and the specialists ranged from moderate to almost perfect, according to the variables considered. The inter-observer opinions were substantially similar to the mathematical model, which reflects the potential of the model as a specialist system. The use of Artificial Intelligence methods throughout Paraconsistent Logics, allowed significant improvement in cephalometric assessment. The presented model can be applied in different samples or populations, with adaptation of the degrees of normality as initial references.
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Sousa, Cláudia Maria Romano de. "\"Estudo comparativo da cefalometria do perfil tegumentar com base na análise facial de Arnett relacionada à horizontal verdadeira com a realizada a partir do plano de Frankfurt horizontal\"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-15052007-144613/.
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Nesta pesquisa foi comparada a diferença das medidas obtidas utilizando-se a análise cefalométrica do perfil tegumentar tendo como base a análise facial de Arnett relacionada à Horizontal Verdadeira com a análise cefalométrica do perfil tegumentar feita a partir do Plano de Frankfurt. Utilizamos 140 radiografias cefalométricas requisitadas como parte de documentação ortodôntica, obtidas de pacientes com idade variando de 06 a 49 anos, sendo 64 do sexo masculino e 76 do sexo feminino, pertencentes ao arquivo do IOM - (Instituto de Odontologia Multidisciplinar) ? RJ. As radiografias cefalométricas em norma lateral foram obtidas pelo mesmo operador, obedecendo ao protocolo adotado pelo IOM. Todos os pacientes foram orientados a assumir a Posição Natural da Cabeça, tendo como referência um espelho posicionado a frente e a Linha Vertical Verdadeira foi obtida por meio da utilização de um fio metálico unido à um prumo de chumbo, posicionado próximo à margem anterior do chassi porta-filme, de forma que apareça à frente do perfil tegumentar do paciente. A partir das medidas lineares obtidas nas Análises Cefalométricas dos Tecidos Moles, foram realizadas análises estatísticas visando dois objetivos: comparar as medidas de A à I obtidas nos traçados (um utilizando como referência uma perpendicular ao Plano Horizontal de Frankfurt e o outro à Linha Vertical Verdadeira) e analisar os resultados comparativamente. Após a análise estatística (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, para distribuição normal de dados; t-Student para amostras emparelhadas e teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon) e a interpretação dos resultados obtidos, concluímos que houve diferenças significantes entre as formas de medidas das variáveis A, B, C, D, F, G e I, pois o valor do nível descritivo (p-valor) se apresentou abaixo de 0,05. Entretanto para as medidas E e H o valor do nível descritivo (p-valor) se apresentou maior que 0,05, demonstrando não haver diferenças significantes entre as formas dessas medidas. As correlações entre as medidas apresentadas estabelecidas pela análise facial de Arnett, de acordo com este estudo, não deverão ser utilizadas em pacientes que se submeteram à radiografias cefalométricas realizadas a partir do Plano Horizontal de Frankfurt, salvo no caso da distância interlabial, representada pela medida H, que além de não apresentar diferenças significantes neste estudo, não tem, segundo a análise de Arnett, correlação com nenhuma outra medida.In this research a comparison was made between the differences in measurements obtained using the soft tissue profile?s cephalometric analysis based on Arnett?s facial analysis related to the true vertical with the cephalometric analysis of soft tissue profile based on the Frankfurt Plan. A total of 140 lateral cephalometric radiographs were used as part of the orthodontic documentation, taken from patients whose ages ranged from 06 to 49 years of age, of these 64 males and 76 females, being part of the files of the IOM (Instituto de Odontologia Multidisciplinar do Rio de Janeiro). The lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained from the same operator obeying the protocols adapted by the IOM. All patients were oriented to place themselves in the Natural Head Posture using, as a reference, a mirror in front of then and the true vertical line was obtained using a metal wire and a plumb-line, placed close to the frontal chassis of the film chamber, in such a way that it appears in front of the soft tissue profile of the patient. Parting from the lineal measurements obtained from the Cephalometric Analyses of the Soft Tissues statistical analyses were made relating to two objectives: to compare the measurements from A to I obtained from the drafts/ sketches (one using as it reference a perpendicular to the Frankfurt Horizontal Plane and the other the True Vertical Line), comparatively analyse these results. After the statistical analysis (Kolgomorov Smirnov) for a normal data distribution: t-student for matched pairs and the no-parametric Wilcanox test) and the analysis of the results obtained, it was concluded that there were significant differences between the forms of the measurements of the variables A, B, C, D, F, G and I since the descriptive value (p-value) was below 0,05. The measurements for E and H, however, being over 0,05, showing than there were no significant differences between these forms of measurement. The correlation between the demonstrated measurements established by Arnett?s facial analysis, in accordance with this study, should not be used in patients who have undergone lateral cephalometric radiograph initiated on the basis of the Frankfurt Horizontal Plane except in the case of interlabial distance represented by the measurement H, which even differences in this study, does not have, according to Arnett?s studies, correlations with any other measurements.
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Cooke, Michael Stephen. "Cephalometric analyses based on natural head posture of Chinese children in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31230830.
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Walker, Lyndon Craig Andrew. "Analysis of Ricketts' long-range growth prediction in untreated human dentofacial structure over 27 years /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16902.pdf.
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Erskine, Richard B. "A method of three-dimensional analysis of skull radiographs using paired views with selected rotation between exposure". Thesis, University of Dundee, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261784.
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Oliveira, Juliana de. "AVALIAÇÃO CEFALOMÉTRICA DO TECIDO MOLE EM JOVENS COM OCLUSÃO NORMAL: APLICAÇÃO E COMPARAÇÃO DA ANÁLISE DE ARNETT et al". Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2007. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1238.
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Previous issue date: 2007-03-20The purpose of this study was applies Cephalometric soft tissue analysis proposed by ARNETT et al. in Brazilian youths, determining their medium values and comparing with the authors. The sample was compounded by 60 subjects, being 24 males and 36 females. All of them were Brazilians, leukoderms with natural normal occlusion, presenting four out of the six keys to ANDREWS s occlusion. The natural head position and the true vertical line were used at the moment of the lateral cephalograms and the profile photographs take, these made up the methodology for the study. The Cephalometric soft tissue analysis was performed evaluating the dentoskeletal factors, soft tissue structures, facial lengths, true vertical line projections and the harmony intramandibular, intrajaw and total face. The results demonstrated that the medium values of the studied sample presented differences in relation to the normative values of ARNETT et al. in most of the variables. As facial height when compared, they allowed to conclude that the Americans present larger facial height, straighter facial profile and more prominent nose than the Brazilians, so much in the masculine sex as in the feminine. The masculine sex presents facial height and thickness of the larger soft fabrics than the feminine sex, however, upper lip and inferior less protruded in relation to true vertical line.
Este estudo teve como objetivo aplicar e avaliar a Análise Cefalométrica do Tecido Mole proposta por ARNETT et al. em jovens brasileiros, determinando seus valores médios e comparando com os dos autores. A amostra compôs-se de 60 indivíduos, sendo 24 do sexo masculino e 36 do sexo feminino. Todos brasileiros, leucodermas e portadores de oclusão normal natural, apresentando um mínimo de quatro das seis chaves de oclusão de ANDREWS. A utilização da posição natural da cabeça e da linha vertical verdadeira no momento da obtenção das telerradiografias compuseram a metodologia do trabalho. Avaliaram-se os fatores dentários e os esqueléticos, as espessuras do tecido mole, os comprimentos faciais, as projeções do tecido mole em relação à Linha Vertical Verdadeira e a harmonia intramandibular, a intermaxilar e a facial total. Os resultados demonstraram que os valores médios da amostra estudada apresentaram diferenças em relação aos valores normativos de ARNETT et al. na maioria das variáveis e quando comparados entre si, verificou-se que os americanos apresentaram altura facial maior, perfil facial mais reto e nariz mais proeminente que os brasileiros, tanto para o sexo masculino como para o feminino. O sexo masculino apresentou altura facial e espessura dos tecidos moles maior que o sexo feminino, porem, lábios superior e inferior menos protruídos em relação à Linha Vertical Verdadeira. A
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PAPERNOT, COUSTEIX GENEVIEVE. "Relations angulaires entre certaines directions remarquables de la face dans dix populations humaines, en orientation vestibulaire : etudes mono et multi-factorielles". Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05M172.
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Lefranc, Philippe. "Les parametres lineaires et angulaires de la mandibule de pan troglodytes : etudes multifactorielles". Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05M092.
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Reardon, Gayle Jeanne Tieszen. "The relationship between volumetric airway dimension and temporomandibular joint integrity". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3518.
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Objective
The goal of this project was to define and measure human volumetric airway dimensions with radiographic volumetric three-dimensional imaging and digital reconstruction of the pharynx using cone beam computed tomography to directly correlate these measurements with both normal and developmentally deficient jaw joints and their positions. The volume of the oropharynx was measured by creating a superior border connecting the 3-D midpoint of sella turcica and the posterior nasal spine and extending inferiorly to the level connecting the most infero-anterior point of C3 and the anterior hyoid bone as seen in the multi-planar views of the cone beam computed tomography image. The calculations were accomplished by using 3dMD software.
Further extrapolation of this study'a data may be useful to establish the direct association of obstructive sleep apnea and deficiencies of jaw growth and airway development.
Design
In this retrospective study, 250 subjects were randomly selected from a pool of 800 referred for dental imaging at ddi Imaging Center in Sacramento, California. Digital images were captured using a low-radiation, rapid scanning cone beam computed tomography system (iCAT).
Results
A total of 250 subjects, 163 females and 87 males, were included in this study. Descriptive statistics were applied to the following variables:
1. Assessment of the relationship between total airway volume and several categorically independent variables:
* For total airway volume, no significant difference was found between males and females; between the right temporomandibular positions; between right temporomandibular integrity; or between the left temporomandibular integrity.
* There was a significant difference found between the left temporomandibular positions for total airway volume.
2. Assessment of the relationship between total airway volume and each cephalometric measurement:
* Based on the Spearman correlation test, there were significant increasing relationships between total airway volume and several of the cephalometric measurements (p<0.05).
* Correlation coefficients ranged from 0.13 to 0.22 indicating there were weak correlations between the two variables.
3. Assessment of the relationship between total airway volume and age:
* Based on the Spearman correlation test, there was no significant relationship between total airway volume and age (p=0.8304). In addition, Spearman correlation showed no correlation between total airway volume and sex and skeletal growth pattern tendencies.
Conclusions
Three dimensional images of the airway offer the opportunity to serially examine individuals, acquire airway patency information, and improve the evaluation of sites of airway obstruction. Further studies to determine the effects of pharyngeal stenosis and other regional changes to the oropharynx upon physiologic response may be key to understanding the effects of biomechanical influences upon craniofacial form. Comprehension of structural inter-relationships will also help develop an understanding of how and why adaptive changes in airway shape and volume occur. Airway patency is related to many variables: head posture, the direction of mandibular rotation during growth and development, and hyoid bone position. Further studies may offer an increased understanding of these structural and positional interrelationships.
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LEMOUNIER, VAN HEMERT FRANCOISE. "Rehabilitations prothetiques : apport de l'analyse architecturale cranio-faciale de jean delaire". Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT030D.
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Ramelot, Jacques. "Cle des preventions therapeutiques pour un equilibre cranio-maxillo-mandibulaire : arguments tires d'un suivi de 4 annees, par analyse multifactorielle". Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05M122.
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Bonifay, Pierre. "Les segments du profil facial dans dix populations humaines en orientation vestibulaire". Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05M093.
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Garcia, Robert. "Analyse architecturale informatisee de la face en norma lateralis : application aux protocoles chirurgico-orthodontiques". Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA07GA02.
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DELAGE, HENRI. "Etude cephalometrique et dentaire d'un echantillon d'enfants dysmorphiques basques en age orthodontique : comparaison avec une serie equivalente d'origine polyregionale". Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05M038.
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Ochoa, Banafsheh K. "Maxillary growth in comparison to mandibular growth". Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2002. http://library.ouhsc.edu/epub/theses/Ochoa-Banafsheh-K.pdf.
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Housley, Jeffrey A. "Stability of transverse expansion in the mandibular dental arch". Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2002. http://library.ouhsc.edu/epub/theses/Housley-Jeffrey-A.pdf.
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Kimura, Rui Yoshio. "Posttreatment stability of lip bumper therapy". Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2002. http://library.ouhsc.edu/epub/theses/Kimura-Rui-Yoshio.pdf.
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Hubbard, Scott. "A longitudinal study of the theory of parallel growth". Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2008.
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Drevický, Dušan. "Nejistota modelů hlubokého učení při analýze lékařských obrazových dat". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399177.
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Táto práca sa zaoberá určením neistoty v predikciách modelov hlbokého učenia. Aj keď sa týmto modelom darí dosahovať vynikajúce výsledky v mnohých oblastiach počítačového videnia, ich výstupy sú väčšinou deterministické a neposkytujú mnoho informácií o tom, ako si je model istý svojou predpoveďou. To je obzvlášť dôležité pri analýze lekárskych obrazových dát, kde môžu mať omyly vysokú cenu a schopnosť detekovať neisté predikcie by umožnila dohliadajúcemu lekárovi spracovať relevantné prípady manuálne. V tejto práci aplikujem niekoľko rôznych metrík vyvinutých v nedávnom výskume pre určenie neistoty na modely hlbokého učenia natrénované pre lokalizáciu cefalometrických landmarkov. Následne ich vyhodnotím a porovnávam v sade experimentov, ktorých úlohou je určiť, nakoľko jednotlivé metriky poskytujú užitočnú informáciu o tom, ako si je model istý svojou predpoveďou.
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Triviño, Tarcila. "Avaliação das proporções faciais em norma lateral de indivíduos com perfil equilibrado". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23151/tde-14012013-155604/.
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Após a análise subjetiva utilizando fotografias de perfil de 540 indivíduos, selecionou-se 120 indivíduos adultos jovens (60 do gênero masculino e 60 do feminino), leucodermas, com perfil facial harmonioso, equilíbrio do terço inferior da face e selamento labial passivo, com o objetivo de estabelecer parâmetros cefalométricos para avaliar a estética facial e analisar as correlações entre referências anteroposteriores do tecido tegumentar da face. Utilizando telerradiografias dos indivíduos selecionados, foram desenhadas estruturas anatômicas de interesse e traçada a linha vertical passando pelo ponto sela (LSv) e linhas horizontais verdadeiras passando pelos pontos PRT (ponto de referência da fronte), Pn, A, Ls, Li, B e Pg. Os valores médios cefalométricos obtidos para o gênero masculino e feminino e o total da amostra foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos. As medidas cefalométricas avaliadas mostraram-se maiores no gênero masculino do que no feminino. No gênero masculino, todas as medidas cefalométricas do terço médio e inferior apresentaram correlação positiva estatisticamente significativa com a referência do terço superior da face e todas as correlações mostraram-se valores maiores que no feminino. No gênero feminino, não foram observadas correlações diretas estatisticamente significativas para as medidas Sv-B (p = 0,107) e Sv-Pg (p = 0,091). As fórmulas para a previsibilidade dos valores de Sv - Pn, Sv - A, Sv - Ls, Sv - Li, Sv - B e Sv - Pg para o gênero masculino e o feminino em função da medida Sv-PRT mostraram-se igual para ambos os gêneros, necessitando ser acrescido um valor compensatório a cada medida para os homens.After subjective analysis of profile photographs of 540 individuals, 120 young adults (60 males and 60 females), leucodermas, with balanced facial profile, equilibrium of the lower facial third and passive lip sealing, in order to establish cephalometrics parameters for facial esthetics and evaluate the correlation between anteroposterior references of facial soft tissues. By using lateral radiographies of the selected individuals, anatomic structures of interesting were drawn, and the true vertical line passing through Sela point (LSv) and true horizontal lines passing through points PRT (reference point of the forehead), Pn, A, Ls, Li, B e Pg. The cephalometric average values which were calculated for masculine, feminine genders and the total of sample were evaluated by statics tests. The cephalometric measures analyzed showed high values to the masculine gender in comparing to the feminine gender. In the masculine gender, all the cephalometric measures of the middle and lower facial third presented positive correlation statistically significant to the reference of the superior facial third and all correlations were higher than female measures. In the feminine gender, direct correlations statistically significant for Sv-B (p = 0,107) e Sv-Pg (p = 0,091) measures. The formulas for the prevision of the values of Sv - Pn, Sv - A, Sv - Ls, Sv - Li, Sv - B e Sv - Pg dimensions for males and females individuals in function of Sv-PRT showed similar in both genders, needing to be added a specific value for each measures for males individuals.
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Chang, Chia-Chen, i 張家禎. "Cephalometric analysis of gummy smile". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75016420890485132391.
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碩士高雄醫學大學
牙醫學研究所
100
Studies on gummy smile used to put more stress on soft tissue analysis. Recently, some studies started to explore the relationship between soft tissue and underlying hard tissue. They tried to find out the hard tissue characteristics of gummy smile with cephalometric measurement, but often failed to compare the difference between males and females due to fewer male gummy smile individuals. In this study, we tried to find out the hard tissue characteristics of gummy smile in cephalometric measurement for males and females by clinical static posed smile photos and records used to define the gummy smile group and non-gummy smile groups. Finally, we used JMP 9.0 (two-sample t-test, and ROC curve, and stepwise logistic regression) for analysis of the cephalometric measurement, and found out the factors resulting in gummy smile in males and females. In males, the cephalometric factors are A-Nv, ANS-Me, and tooth to lip; in females, the cephalometric factors are facial axis angle, anterior facial height, and tooth to lip. We found that the vertical factor was the key to gummy smile, and the value of tooth to lip was important in clinical use.
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Chen, Yen-ting, i 陳彥廷. "The Integrated Cephalometric Analysis System". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87343515076587616340.
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博士國立成功大學
醫學工程研究所
88
This purpose of this study is to develop the integrated computerized system for cephalometry. This proposed system contains two major parts as follows. One subsystem is developed for computer-assisted analysis, and the other for automatic computerization. The former one includes an intelligent view box and the identification software for manual landmarking so as to be directly applied in actual clinical analysis. The latter one includes two parts: One is the feature subimage extracting for automatic landmarking, and the other is computerized cephalometic superimposition for tracings. The intelligent view box combining a touch panel and view box extends the application of touch panel for subtle pointing. The design and performances of this system are investigated. A coordinate look-up table can actually provide a reference for the adjustment of the position drift. The results of performance tests reveal that the proposed intelligent view box has high resolutions, good stability, and good reproducibility. The landmark identification software for manual landmarking is integrated into the intelligent view box to facilitate the work for manual landmarking. A genetic algorithm is implemented to “guess” the manual located landmarks by evaluating the difference of the angular correlation matrices between the located points and the template landmarks. This angular correlation matrix represents the angular relationships for the spatial locations of these landmarks. The results of statistical analysis show that the algorithm well performs well in all landmarks identification. The method of multilayer perceptron with genetic algorithm searching is proposed for feature subimage extraction. This method is used to consolidate the performance for automatic landmarking with cephalogram. From the experimental results of the comparison with the cross correlation, this multilayer perceptron with genetic algorithm shows a better performance for feature subimage extraction. In the computerized cephalometric superimposition for the tracings, fuzzy theory is introduced to represent the spatial weighting functions for features. This algorithm finds the best match of the two tracings by finding highest similarity between the fuzzy-weighted feature curves. The appraisals of two senior orthodontists indicate that the performance of this system is good for clinical application. In words, the completely automatic cephalometric analysis system is the long-term goal of this study. Up to now, we have designed the intelligent view box system, developed the clinical assistant system for cephalometric analysis with the automatic identification of manual located landmarks, and investigated the theories for the feature subimage extraction and the computerized superimposition with tracings. The cephalomatric analysis system by using tracings has been used in the Department of Dentistry of National Chang Kung University with good performance in clinical application.
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Moynihan, Daniel. "A novel 3D cephalometric analysis using CBCT landmarks". Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31255.
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this project is to develop a novel 3D cephalometric analysis using anatomical landmarks that cannot be easily viewed on a planar film but on a CBCT image and study the reliability of these measurements between different examiners.
METHODS: Fifty CBCT images of patients with normodivergent, Class I skeletal patterns and without any noticeable craniofacial deformities were screened and included in the study based on the lateral cephalograms generated from CBCT data using the Roth/Jarabak Analysis. Fifteen predetermined landmarks that found to be reliable in another associated study were used to define six planes. Measurements were also completed on a human dry skull to confirm accuracy. Eleven different cephalometric measurements were performed by three operators three times using landmarks and planes in 3D. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and intra-class correlation coefficient for intra- and inter-examiner reliability was performed.
RESULTS: The measurements showed that the means and standard deviations of all three measurers are: for Mandibular A/P: 14.49mm ±2.26; Mandibular deviation: 1.63mm, ±1.19; Maxilla/Mandibular divergence: 24.51°, ±3.85; Maxillary deviation: 0.94mm ±0.5; Pitch (Mandibular Plane), 50.38° ±2.8; Pitch (Maxillary Plane): 74.66° ±3.53; Roll (Mandibular Plane): 87.66° ±2.38, 0.05; Roll (Maxillary Plane): 87.70° ±1.85; Yaw (Maxillary Plane): 4.41°± 2.11; Yaw (Mandibular): 3.61°± 2.43; Maxillary A/P: 2.96mm ±2.26. An interclass correlation was calculated at a range from 0.53 to 0.95.
CONCLUSIONS: The means and standard deviations of the measurements can be used as a reference to study. Amongst the operators, we indicate between moderate and excellent reliability. The highest reliability was with measurement mandibular pitch. Lowest reliability was with measurement mandibular roll.
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Madsen, David Peter. "Natural head position: a photographic method and an evaluation of cranial reference planes in cephalometric analysis". 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/49294.
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Commonly used craniofacial reference planes such as Frankfort Horizontal (FH) and sella nasion (SN) have shortcomings including their variable inter-individual orientation when related to true horizontal (HOR). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential usefulness of a range of craniofacial reference planes to HOR including those which have not been investigated before: Krogman-Walker line (KW line), neutral horizontal axis, foramen magnum line and posterior maxillary plane. A sample of 57 (38 female, 19 males) consecutive, pre-treatment orthodontic subjects aged 12 to 18 were photographically recorded in a standing mirror guided natural head position (NHP). Cephalograms taken at the same time were traced, oriented to a plumb line (true vertical) transferred from the photograph, and measured for statistical analysis. Thirty nine of these subjects were photographically recorded 2 months later to test the reproducibility of NHP. The results showed that the variability of the 11 selected craniofacial reference planes related to HOR was generally high. The planes illustrating lowest variability to HOR were FH and KW line with standard deviations of 4.6° and 4.7°, respectively. These, however, showed about double the variation in NHP reproducibility (Dahlberg 2.1°). The KW line and palatal plane were also oriented closest to HOR on average. Therefore, KW line and palatal plane are potential substitutes for the commonly used reference planes in the absence of a reliable NHP. However, NHP still represents a more valid craniofacial reference system than the investigated reference planes.http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1297323
Thesis (D.Clin.Dent.) - School of Dentistry, (Orthodonitics), 2007
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范揚橋. "A Study of Radiographic Cephalometric Analysis and Taiwanese Standards". Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52094547129410770797.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
牙醫學系
83
To study the craniofacial structures for Chinese population in Taiwan and establish their cephalometric standards, lateral cephalometric roentgenograms of 863 subjects including 422 males and 441 femals were selected from the files of School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University. There subjects met the requirements of acceptable occlusion, acceptable facial profile, and absence of previous orthodontic treatment. The subjects aged from six to eighteen were grouped annually for both sexes, and also grouped into four stages corresponded with those of the students in junior primary school (6≦X<9 years old), senior primary school ( 9≦X<12 years old), junior high school (12≦X<15 years old) and senior high school (12≦X<19 years old)respectively. The cephalometric roentgenograms were traced by standardized tracing method. Seventeen cephalometric landmarks of each cephalometric tracing were transfer to computer by digitizer, and 51 variables were measured in the computer. Each item of the measurements was treated statistically to obtain the means and standard deviation at each year age group from 6 to 18 years and at each school age group. The effects of growth change and sexual dimorphism on the cephalometric measurements were also evaluated. The results of the study offer cephalometric standards which are specific to sex and age from 6 to 18 years old Chinese. The complete cephalometric analysis to evaluate the craniofacial structures of this population was performed via the five categories- Facial polygon analysis, Jaw triangle analysis. Facial and dental procumbency analysis, Facial divergency and facial height analysis and Vector analysis. We expect to evaluate the craniofacial structures via the five different viewpoints. The effect of sex and age on the cephalometric standards for chiness population can be summarized as follows:(1)Significant difference between the males and the females existed mostly in the linear measurements. White most angular measurements and items of ratio between linear measurements did not show significant sex difference. (2) The mandible became more and more protrusive as related to the maxilla and cranial base, and tended to rotate forward with age.
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Chang, Hsiang-Cheng, i 張翔盛. "The Application of Deformable Model to Feature Curve Detection for Cephalometric Analysis". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40936778891496581984.
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碩士國立成功大學
醫學工程研究所
89
In this study, the technique of the deformable curve model for extracting the contours on the cephalograms is proposed. It will help the clinician to acquire a sequence of the contours, and find the landmarks representing the anatomic structures of the skull. These points are used by the orthodonotists for treatment planning and diagnosis. Nevertheless, it has a limited investigation on this aspect. We hope to make use of the snake-model method to improve the man-made errors and time-consuming. In this system, we give an initial contour firstly and then deform according to a set of defined forces to extract the final contours. Ten cephalograms and ten tracing papers with drawing by the orthodonotist are obtained for analysis. From ten tracing papers, a general initial contour model is generated. Thus the user needs not to define initial contour model manually. Based on defining the feature points for representing these feature lines, the image storage space in computer may be reduced. The weighting parameters for the active contour model in this application are obtained empirically from the sets of cephalograms and tracing papers. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated to be feasible for the cephalometric analysis.
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Playfair, Nicholas Grant. "Determination of the accuracy of semi-automatic and fully automatic 2d lateral cephalometric analysis programs". 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/22037.
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AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of current semi-automatic and fully automatic 2D lateral cephalometric analysis programs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 lateral cephalometric radiographs were randomly selected and grouped based their skeletal malocclusions to form 3 equal groups of 20 Class I, 20 Class II and 20 Class III. These radiographs were then analyzed via traditional hand-based analysis. The values obtained from this method of analysis were compared to 4 subsequent methods of analysis. These consisted of semi-automatic analysis using Dolphin Imaging software, semi-automatic analysis using Kodak Orthodontic Imaging software, fully automatic analysis using Kodak Orthodontic Imaging software and fully automatic analysis combined with limited landmark changes using Kodak Orthodontic Imaging software.
RESULTS: ICC tests were completed to compare the gold standard hand-based analysis to the 4 subsequent methods. The values obtained from semi-automatic Dolphin and Kodak Orthodontic Imaging software were found to be comparable to hand-based analysis. Whereas, the values obtained from the fully automatic mode of Kodak Orthodontic Imaging software were not found to be comparable to hand-based analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Digital cephalometric programs can be used as an accurate method when performing lateral cephalometric analyses. The fully automatic mode of these programs should only be used as a support to diagnosis and not as a diagnostic tool.
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Ouatik, Nabil. "Cephalometric analysis of craniofacial growth of a cohort of cleft lip and palate patients". Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8161.
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Hsieh, Uiong-Zoei, i 謝泳叡. "The Verification and Validation of Software Contained in the Medical Devices: The Example of Cephalometric Analysis System". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38902362699493364479.
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碩士南台科技大學
電機工程系
96
The failures of medical device might cause hazard to patients or operators. So, the software contained in a medical device should be verified and validated to insure the safety and the quality. Software engineering practices, risk analysis and management, and configuration management should be integrated in the study of software verification and validation (SV&V). Those approaches are acceptable by the FDA for the SV&V. In this work, the V-model was introduced in the software development process for the quality management of software development. The fault tree analysis (FTA) techniques were applied in the procedure of risk analysis and management for the SV&V. All of the procedures should be integrated in the so called “configuration management”. The procedures of SV&V for the developing “Cephalometric Analysis system” (CEPH) and its related works, such as software developed model, requirements specification, design specification, software test, SV&V and risk managements are also presented in the study. Finally, the documents developed in this study are hoped that to be agreeable with FDA’s conditions for the content of premarket submissions of software contained in a medical device.
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Sideris, Christos. "Morphologie et croissance mandibulaires avec et sans hypodontie chez des sujets atteints de la séquence de Pierre Robin : une étude rétrospective". Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8063.
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Ehsani, Sayeh. "Two and three dimensional cephalometric assessment of dental and skeletal changes following orthodontic treatment with Damon passive self-ligating system". Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1079.
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Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Alberta, 2010.A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Medical Science-Dentistry. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on April 23, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
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Lin, Hung-Ying. "A Cephalometric Analysis of Skeletal and Soft tissue Changes in 48 Patients with Mandibular Prognathism Before and After Mandibular Setback Surgery". 2008. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-2507200823505100.
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