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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Channel responses”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 3 lutego 2022

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1

Roy, Arijit, Fatemeh Derakhshan, and Richard J. A. Wilson. "Stress peptide PACAP engages multiple signaling pathways within the carotid body to initiate excitatory responses in respiratory and sympathetic chemosensory afferents." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 304, no. 12 (June 15, 2013): R1070—R1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00465.2012.

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Consistent with a critical role in respiratory and autonomic stress responses, the carotid bodies are strongly excited by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a neuropeptide implicated in stress responses throughout the sympathetic nervous system. PACAP excites isolated carotid body glomus cells via activation of PAC1 receptors, with one study suggesting PAC1-induced excitation is due entirely to protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated inhibition of TASK channels. However, in other systems, PAC1 is known to be coupled to multiple intracellular signaling pathways, including PKA,

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2

Fallet, Rachel W., Joseph P. Bast, Keiji Fujiwara, Naohito Ishii, Steven C. Sansom, and Pamela K. Carmines. "Influence of Ca2+-activated K+ channels on rat renal arteriolar responses to depolarizing agonists." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 280, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): F583—F591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.2001.280.4.f583.

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Experiments were performed to evaluate the hypothesis that opening of Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCachannels) promotes juxtamedullary arteriolar dilation and curtails constrictor responses to depolarizing agonists. Under baseline conditions, afferent and efferent arteriolar lumen diameters averaged 23.4 ± 0.9 ( n = 36) and 22.8 ± 1.1 ( n= 13) μm, respectively. The synthetic BKCa channel opener NS-1619 evoked concentration-dependent afferent arteriolar dilation. BKCa channel blockade (1 mM tetraethylammonium; TEA) decreased afferent diameter by 15 ± 3% and prevented the dilator response to 30

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3

Sheridan, Brett C., Robert C. McIntyre, Daniel R. Meldrum та David A. Fullerton. "KATP channels contribute to β- and adenosine receptor-mediated pulmonary vasorelaxation". American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 273, № 5 (1 листопада 1997): L950—L956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1997.273.5.l950.

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ATP-sensitive K+(KATP) channels have been implicated in the regulation of vasomotor tone in aortic, mesenteric, and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Several investigators have described an association between KATP channels and isoproterenol (Iso)-stimulated relaxation responses. To study the relationship between receptor-dependent pulmonary vasorelaxation and KATP channels, we examined the response to agonists that generate adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate at two distinct levels of the signal transduction pathway after inhibition or activation of KATP channels in isolated rat pulmonary ar

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4

Jupiter, Ryan C., Daniel Yoo, Edward A. Pankey, Vishwaradh V. G. Reddy, Justin A. Edward, David J. Polhemus, Taylor C. Peak, Prasad Katakam, and Philip J. Kadowitz. "Analysis of erectile responses to H2S donors in the anesthetized rat." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 309, no. 5 (September 2015): H835—H843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00293.2015.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a biologically active endogenous gasotransmitter formed in penile tissue that has been shown to relax isolated cavernosal smooth muscle. In the present study, erectile responses to the H2S donors sodium sulfide (Na2S) and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) were investigated in the anesthetized rat. Intracavernosal injections of Na2S in doses of 0.03–1 mg/kg increased intracavernosal pressure and transiently decreased mean arterial pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Blood pressure responses to Na2S were rapid in onset and short in duration. Responses to Na2S and NaHS were si

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5

Lashinger, Erin S. R., Matthew S. Steiginga, J. Paul Hieble, Lisa A. Leon, Scott D. Gardner, Rakesh Nagilla, Elizabeth A. Davenport, Bryan E. Hoffman, Nicholas J. Laping, and Xin Su. "AMTB, a TRPM8 channel blocker: evidence in rats for activity in overactive bladder and painful bladder syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 295, no. 3 (September 2008): F803—F810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.90269.2008.

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The activation of the TRPM8 channel, a member of the large class of TRP ion channels, has been reported to be involved in overactive bladder and painful bladder syndrome, although an endogenous activator has not been identified. In this study, N-(3-aminopropyl)-2-{[(3-methylphenyl) methyl]oxy}- N-(2-thienylmethyl)benzamide hydrochloride salt (AMTB) was evaluated as a TRPM8 channel blocker and used as a tool to evaluate the effects of this class of ion channel blocker on volume-induced bladder contraction and nociceptive reflex responses to noxious bladder distension in the rat. AMTB inhibits i

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6

Liu, Shuai, and Ping Zheng. "Altered PKA modulation in the Nav1.1 epilepsy variant I1656M." Journal of Neurophysiology 110, no. 9 (November 1, 2013): 2090–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00921.2012.

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Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) is an inherited epilepsy that can result from mutations in at least four ion channel subunits. The majority of the known GEFS+ mutations have been identified in SCN1A, the gene encoding Nav1.1 α-subunit. Protein kinases as critical modulators of sodium channels have been closely related to the genesis of epilepsy. However, little is known about how protein kinases affect the GEFS+ mutant sodium channel. To gain insight into the protein kinases effect on channel properties and neuronal excitability of SCN1A mutant channels, we investigated the

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7

Nagayama, Takahiro, Yasuo Fukushima, Makoto Yoshida, Mizue Suzuki-Kusaba, Hiroaki Hisa, Tomohiko Kimura, and Susumu Satoh. "Role of potassium channels in catecholamine secretion in the rat adrenal gland." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 2 (August 1, 2000): R448—R454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.2.r448.

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We elucidated the functional contribution of K+ channels to cholinergic control of catecholamine secretion in the perfused rat adrenal gland. The small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SKCa)-channel blocker apamin (10–100 nM) enhanced the transmural electrical stimulation (ES; 1–10 Hz)- and 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenyl-piperazinium (DMPP; 5–40 μM)-induced increases in norepinephrine (NE) output, whereas it did not affect the epinephrine (Epi) responses. Apamin enhanced the catecholamine responses induced by acetylcholine (6–200 μM) and methacholine (10–300 μM). The putative large-conductance Ca2+-activ

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8

Hendricks, Susan J., Robert E. Stewart, Gerard L. Heck, John A. DeSimone, and David L. Hill. "Development of Rat Chorda Tympani Sodium Responses: Evidence for Age-Dependent Changes in Global Amiloride-Sensitive Na+Channel Kinetics." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 1531–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1531.

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In rat, chorda tympani nerve taste responses to Na+ salts increase between roughly 10 and 45 days of age to reach stable, mature magnitudes. Previous evidence from in vitro preparations and from taste nerve responses using Na+ channel blockers suggests that the physiological basis for this developmental increase in gustatory Na+ sensitivity is the progressive addition of functional, Na+ transduction elements (i.e., amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels) to the apical membranes of fungiform papilla taste receptor cells. To avoid potential confounding effects of pharmacological interventions and to p

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9

Cameron, Morven A., Amr Al Abed, Yossi Buskila, Socrates Dokos, Nigel H. Lovell, and John W. Morley. "Differential effect of brief electrical stimulation on voltage-gated potassium channels." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 2014–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00915.2016.

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Electrical stimulation of neuronal tissue is a promising strategy to treat a variety of neurological disorders. The mechanism of neuronal activation by external electrical stimulation is governed by voltage-gated ion channels. This stimulus, typically brief in nature, leads to membrane potential depolarization, which increases ion flow across the membrane by increasing the open probability of these voltage-gated channels. In spiking neurons, it is activation of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV channels) that leads to action potential generation. However, several other types of voltage-gated

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10

Kardos, Julianna, and Lajos Nyikos. "Universality of receptor channel responses." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 22, no. 12 (December 2001): 642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01824-1.

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11

Liu, Hsiao-Hsuan, Yu-Shiang Huang, Fang-Liang Lu, Hung-Yu Ye, and C. W. Liu. "Different Infrared Responses From the Stacked Channels and Parasitic Channel of Stacked GeSn Channel Transistors." IEEE Electron Device Letters 41, no. 1 (January 2020): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/led.2019.2952572.

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12

Shao, X. M., J. L. Yakel, and M. B. Jackson. "Differentiation of NG108-15 cells alters channel conductance and desensitization kinetics of the 5-HT3 receptor." Journal of Neurophysiology 65, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 630–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.65.3.630.

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1. NG108-15 cells undergo morphological differentiation in response to appropriate culture conditions. We have used patch clamp techniques to compare responses mediated by the 5-HT3 receptor in differentiated and undifferentiated NG108-15 cells. 2. In differentiated cells, desensitization of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) responses was much slower than in undifferentiated cells. Desensitization in differentiated cells was also highly variable, with half-times varying by greater than 40-fold. Rapidly desensitized responses in differentiated cells were qualitatively similar to the responses of undif

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13

Khoo, Hui Ming, Nicolás von Ellenrieder, Natalja Zazubovits, Daniel He, François Dubeau, and Jean Gotman. "The spike onset zone." Neurology 91, no. 7 (July 13, 2018): e666-e674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000005998.

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ObjectiveTo determine whether the maximum hemodynamic response to scalp interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) corresponds to the region where IEDs originate and from where they propagate.MethodsWe studied 19 patients who underwent first an EEG-fMRI showing responses in the gray matter, and then intracranial EEG (iEEG). We coregistered the hemodynamic responses to the iEEG electrode contacts and analyzed IEDs in the iEEG channel adjacent to a maximum response (labeled the main channel), in relation to IEDs in other channels during a widespread intracranial IED event. IEDs in the main channel w

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14

Hoshi, Toshinori, Rong Xu, Shangwei Hou, Stefan H. Heinemann, and Yutao Tian. "A point mutation in the human Slo1 channel that impairs its sensitivity to omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid." Journal of General Physiology 142, no. 5 (October 14, 2013): 507–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201311061.

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Long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at nanomolar concentrations reversibly activate human large-conductance Ca2+- and voltage-gated K+ (Slo1 BK) channels containing auxiliary β1 or β4 subunits in cell-free patches. Here we examined the action of DHA on the Slo1 channel without any auxiliary subunit and sought to elucidate the biophysical mechanism and the molecular determinants of the DHA sensitivity. Measurements of ionic currents through human Slo1 (hSlo1) channels reveal that the stimulatory effect of DHA does not require activation of the volta

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15

Troncoso Brindeiro, Carmen M., Rachel W. Fallet, Pascale H. Lane, and Pamela K. Carmines. "Potassium channel contributions to afferent arteriolar tone in normal and diabetic rat kidney." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 295, no. 1 (July 2008): F171—F178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00563.2007.

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We previously reported an enhanced tonic dilator impact of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in afferent arterioles of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. The present study explored the hypothesis that other types of K+ channel also contribute to afferent arteriolar dilation in STZ rats. The in vitro blood-perfused juxtamedullary nephron technique was utilized to quantify afferent arteriolar lumen diameter responses to K+ channel blockers: 0.1–3.0 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; KV channels), 10–100 μM barium (KIR channels), 1–100 nM tertiapin-Q (TPQ; Kir1.1 and Kir3.x subfamilies of KIR channe

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Dopico, Alejandro M. "Ethanol sensitivity of BKCa channels from arterial smooth muscle does not require the presence of the β1-subunit". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 284, № 6 (1 червня 2003): C1468—C1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00421.2002.

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Ethanol inhibition of large-conductance, Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels in aortic myocytes may contribute to the direct contraction of aortic smooth muscle produced by acute alcohol exposure. In this tissue, BKCa channels consist of pore-forming ( bslo) and modulatory (β) subunits. Here, modulation of aortic myocyte BKCa channels by acute alcohol was explored by expressing bslo subunits in Xenopus oocytes, in the absence and presence of β1-subunits, and studying channel responses to clinically relevant concentrations of ethanol in excised membrane patches. Overall, average values of bslo ch

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17

Delay, Rona, and Diego Restrepo. "Odorant Responses of Dual Polarity Are Mediated by cAMP in Mouse Olfactory Sensory Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 92, no. 3 (September 2004): 1312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00140.2004.

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Some olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) respond to odors with hyperpolarization. Although transduction for excitatory responses is mediated by opening of a cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel, there is controversy on the mechanism underlying inhibitory responses. We find that mouse OSNs respond to odorants by either depolarizing or hyperpolarizing responses in loose-patch measurements. In the perforated-patch configuration, OSNs not only responded with a current consistent with CNG channel-mediated excitation but also displayed enhancement of outward currents, consistent with inhibitory respon

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18

Long, Wen, Lubo Zhang, and Lawrence D. Longo. "Fetal and adult cerebral artery KATP and KCa channel responses to long-term hypoxia." Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 1692–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01110.2001.

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High-altitude long-term hypoxia (LTH) alters cerebral vascular contractile and relaxation responses in both fetus and adult. We tested the hypotheses that LTH-mediated vascular responses were secondary to altered K+ channel function and that in the fetus these responses differ from those of the adult. In middle cerebral arteries (MCA) from both nonpregnant adult and fetal (∼140 days gestation) sheep, which were either acclimatized to high altitude (3,820 m) or sea-level controls, we measured norepinephrine (NE)-induced contractions and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) simultaneously,

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Jensen, R. J. "Effects of Ca2+ channel blockers on directional selectivity of rabbit retinal ganglion cells." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 1 (July 1, 1995): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.1.12.

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1. Extracellular recordings were made from ON-OFF directionally selective ganglion cells in superfused rabbit retinas in order to examine the effects of voltage-activated Ca2+ channel blockers on the response of these ganglion cells to a moving bar of light. 2. Bath application of Cd2+ (67-110 microM) abolished directional selectivity in the ganglion cells. That is, the cells gave nearly equal responses to the leading and trailing edges of a bar of light moved in the preferred and null directions. This effect of Cd2+ was rapidly reversible. 3. Directional selectivity in the ganglion cells was

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Kontos, Hermes A., and Enoch P. Wei. "Cerebral arteriolar dilations by KATP channel activators needl-lysine orl-arginine." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 274, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): H974—H981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1998.274.3.h974.

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We investigated the effects of various amino acids on responses to ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel openers in anesthetized cats equipped with cranial windows. The application of pinacidil by superfusion caused transient vasodilation, whereas there was sustained vasodilation from the application of stationary solution of pinacidil. In the presence ofl-arginine orl-lysine, pinacidil by superfusion led to sustained vasodilation, suggesting that the rapid flow of fluid displaced these amino acids from binding on the channel and that such binding was essential for opening the channel. N G-ni

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De Schutter, E., and J. M. Bower. "An active membrane model of the cerebellar Purkinje cell. I. Simulation of current clamps in slice." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 375–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.1.375.

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1. A detailed compartmental model of a cerebellar Purkinje cell with active dendritic membrane was constructed. The model was based on anatomic reconstructions of single Purkinje cells and included 10 different types of voltage-dependent channels described by Hodgkin-Huxley equations, derived from Purkinje cell-specific voltage-clamp data where available. These channels included a fast and persistent Na+ channel, three voltage-dependent K+ channels, T-type and P-type Ca2+ channels, and two types of Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels. 2. The ionic channels were distributed differentially over three z

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Trampe, Debra, Umut Konuş, and Peter C. Verhoef. "Customer Responses to Channel Migration Strategies Toward the E-channel." Journal of Interactive Marketing 28, no. 4 (November 2014): 257–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2014.05.001.

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Lipton, Stuart A. "GABA-activated single channel currents in outside-out membrane patches from rat retinal ganglion cells." Visual Neuroscience 3, no. 3 (September 1989): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800010026.

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Abstractγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) evokes large whole-cell currents in solitary mammalian retinal ganglion cells studied by the patch-clamp method. This evidence suggests that GABA acts directly on the retinal ganglion cells as an inhibitory transmitter as it does elsewhere in the mammalian central nervous system. Here, single-channel recordings of the currents underlying the GABA-induced responses were studied in outside-out patches of cell membrane. In some other preparations, single GABAA channels recorded in the excised patch configuration have been shown to have altered properties in comp

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Harraz, Osama F., Frank Visser, Suzanne E. Brett, Daniel Goldman, Anil Zechariah, Ahmed M. Hashad, Bijoy K. Menon, Tim Watson, Yves Starreveld, and Donald G. Welsh. "CaV1.2/CaV3.x channels mediate divergent vasomotor responses in human cerebral arteries." Journal of General Physiology 145, no. 5 (April 27, 2015): 405–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201511361.

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The regulation of arterial tone is critical in the spatial and temporal control of cerebral blood flow. Voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels are key regulators of excitation–contraction coupling in arterial smooth muscle, and thereby of arterial tone. Although L- and T-type CaV channels have been identified in rodent smooth muscle, little is known about the expression and function of specific CaV subtypes in human arteries. Here, we determined which CaV subtypes are present in human cerebral arteries and defined their roles in determining arterial tone. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and

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Quilley, John, and Yue Qiu. "Role of Endothelial K + Channels in NO-Dependent Vasorelaxant Responses to Acetylcholine in Rat Aorta." Hypertension 36, suppl_1 (October 2000): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.36.suppl_1.698-b.

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P30 Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant responses to acetylcholine (Ach) in rat aorta are mediated solely by NO. Rings precontracted with U46619 were used to investigate the role of endothelial K + channels. Thus, any effect of K + channel inhibitors on Ach responses in the absence of an effect on those to nitroprusside (NP) can be attributed to interference with Ach-induced stimulation of NO. Vasorelaxant responses to Ach (log EC 50 -7.29M) were abolished by removal of the endothelium or inhibition of NO synthesis with nitroarginine (100μM) which potentiated responses to NP (log EC 50 -9.41M v

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Duggan, Jennifer A., та Reza Tabrizchi. "Influence of T-type Ca2+ (mibefradil) and Cl- (indanyloxyacetic acid 94) channel antagonists on α1-adrenoceptor mediated contractions in rat aorta". Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 78, № 9 (1 вересня 2000): 714–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y00-049.

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The effects of the T-type and L-type Ca2+ channel antagonists, mibefradil and nifedipine, respectively, and those of a Cl- channel antagonist, indanyloxyacetic acid 94, on mechanical responses elicited by selective activation of α1-adrenoceptors using cirazoline were examined in rat isolated aortic rings. The presence of mibefradil (300 nM), indanyloxyacetic acid, 94 (30 µM) and nifedipine (300 nM) alone inhibited mechanical responses elicited by cirazoline. The concentration-response curves to cirazoline were displaced to the right with significant increases in the EC50 and significant depres

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Feng, Ming-Guo, Ming Li, and L. Gabriel Navar. "T-type calcium channels in the regulation of afferent and efferent arterioles in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 286, no. 2 (February 2004): F331—F337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00251.2003.

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L-type Ca2+ channels predominantly influence preglomerular arterioles, but there is less information regarding the role of T-type Ca2+ channels in regulating the renal microvasculature. We compared the effects of T- and L-type channel blockade on afferent and efferent arterioles using the in vitro blood-perfused juxtamedullary nephron preparation. Single afferent or efferent arterioles of Sprague-Dawley rats were visualized and superfused with solutions containing Ca2+ channel blockers. We confirmed that L-type channel blockade with diltiazem dilates afferent arterioles but has no significant

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Pappone, P. A., and M. T. Lucero. "Potassium channel block does not affect metabolic responses of brown fat cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 262, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): C678—C681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1992.262.3.c678.

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Hormonally stimulated brown fat cells are capable of extremely high metabolic rates, making them an excellent system in which to examine the role of plasma membrane ion channels in cell metabolism. We have previously shown that brown fat cell membranes have both voltage-gated and calcium-activated potassium channels (Voltage-gated potassium channels in brown fat cells. J. Gen. Physiol. 93: 451-472, 1989; Membrane responses to norepinephrine in cultured brown fat cells. J. Gen. Physiol. 95: 523-544, 1990). Currents through both the voltage-activated potassium channels, IK,V, and the calcium-act

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Nagayama, Takahiro, Yasuo Fukushima, Hirohiko Hikichi, Makoto Yoshida, Mizue Suzuki-Kusaba, Hiroaki Hisa, Tomohiko Kimura, and Susumu Satoh. "Interaction of SKCa channels and L-type Ca2+ channels in catecholamine secretion in the rat adrenal gland." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 5 (November 1, 2000): R1731—R1736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.5.r1731.

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We elucidated the interaction of small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SKCa) channels and L-type Ca2+ channels in muscarinic receptor-mediated control of catecholamine secretion in the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland. The muscarinic agonist methacholine (10–300 μM) produced concentration-dependent increases in adrenal output of epinephrine and norepinephrine. The SKCachannel blocker apamin (1 μM) enhanced the methacholine-induced catecholamine responses. The facilitatory effect of apamin on the methacholine-induced catecholamine responses was not observed during treatment with the L-type Ca

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Thies, Jennifer, Vanessa Neutzler, Fidelma O'leary, and He Liu. "Differential Effects of TRPA and TRPV Channels on Behaviors of Caenorhabditis elegans." Journal of Experimental Neuroscience 10 (January 2016): JEN.S32837. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/jen.s32837.

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TRPA and TRPV ion channels are members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel superfamily, which mediates various sensory transductions. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the TRPV channels are known to affect chemosensation, while the TRPA-1 channel is associated with thermosensation and mechanosensation. We examined thermosensation, chemosensation, and osmosensation in strains lacking TRPA-1 or TRPV channels. We found that TRPV channel knockout worms exhibited similar behavioral deficits associated with thermotaxis as the TRPA-1 channel knockout, suggesting a dual role for TRPV cha

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Nossaman, B. D., A. D. Kaye, C. J. Feng, and P. J. Kadowitz. "Effects of charybdotoxin on responses to nitrosovasodilators and hypoxia in the rat lung." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 272, no. 4 (April 1, 1997): L787—L791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1997.272.4.l787.

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This study investigated the effects of the Ca2+-sensitive K+ channel antagonist charybdotoxin on responses to the nitrosovasodilators nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside and on pulmonary pressor responses to ventilatory hypoxia in the isolated blood-perfused rat lung. Injections of nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside induced dose-related decreases in pulmonary arterial perfusion pressure when tone was increased with U-46619, whereas ventilatory hypoxia (3% O2-5% CO2-balance N2) increased pulmonary arterial perfusion pressure in a reproducible manner. After administration of charybdotoxin

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Cadorette, C., B. Sicotte, M. Brochu, and J. St-Louis. "Effects of potassium channel modulators on myotropic responses of aortic rings of pregnant rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 278, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): H567—H576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2000.278.2.h567.

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The contribution of potassium channels [ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) and high-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels] in the resistance of aortic rings of term pregnant rats to phenylephrine (Phe), arginine vasopressin (AVP), and KCl was investigated. Concentration-response curves to tetraethylammonium (TEA), a nonselective K+ channel inhibitor, were obtained in the absence or presence of KCl. TEA induced by itself concentration-dependent responses only in aortic rings of nonpregnant rats. These responses to TEA could be modulated in both groups of rings by preincubation wit

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Stitt, J. T., and S. G. Shimada. "Calcium channel blockers inhibit endogenous pyrogen fever in rats and rabbits." Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): 951–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.3.951.

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We have previously shown that febrile responses in both rats and rabbits are elicited by the intravenous injection of a semipurified endogenous pyrogen (EP) prepared from human monocytes. We are now presenting evidence that these febrile responses are mediated via activation of Ca2+ channels by EP. The febrile responses of male New Zealand White rabbits and Sprague-Dawley rats to a standard dose of EP were determined at their respective thermoneutral ambient temperatures. The animals were then treated with Ca2+ channel blocker verapamil (7.5 mg/kg iv) 30–60 min before the EP challenge. In ever

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Abebe, Worku, Kim Howard Harris, and Kathleen M. MacLeod. "Role of extracellular Ca2+ in the selective enhancement of contractile responses of arteries from diabetic rats to noradrenaline." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 72, no. 12 (December 1, 1994): 1544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y94-222.

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Maximum contractile responses of diabetic aortas incubated in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ to increasing Ca2+ (0.01–10 mM) in the presence of 1 μM noradrenaline, but not 40 mM KCl, were significantly increased compared with those of age-matched control rats. Maximum contractile responses of both aortas and mesenteric arteries from diabetic rats to noradrenaline, but not KCl, in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ (2.5 mM) were also significantly enhanced. The Ca2+ channel antagonists verapamil and nifedipine and the Ca2+ channel agonist BAY K8644 produced a similar percentage change in the

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Blanpied, Thomas A., Faye A. Boeckman, Elias Aizenman, and Jon W. Johnson. "Trapping Channel Block of NMDA-Activated Responses By Amantadine and Memantine." Journal of Neurophysiology 77, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.77.1.309.

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Blanpied, Thomas A., Faye Boeckman, Elias Aizenman, and Jon W. Johnson. Trapping channel block of NMDA-activated responses by amantadine and memantine. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 309–323, 1997. We investigated the mechanisms by which the antiparkinsonian and neuroprotective agents amantadine and memantine inhibit responses to N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA). Whole cell recordings were performed using cultured rat cortical neurons or Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing NMDA receptors. Both amantadine and memantine blocked NMDA-activated channels by binding to a site at which they could be tr

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Long, Wen, Lubo Zhang, and Lawrence D. Longo. "Cerebral artery KATP- and KCa-channel activity and contractility: changes with development." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): R2004—R2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.6.r2004.

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The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that in cerebral arteries of the fetus, ATP-sensitive (KATP) and Ca2+-activated K+channels (KCa) play an important role in the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and that this differs significantly from that of the adult. In main branch middle cerebral arteries (MCA) from near-term fetal (∼140 days) and nonpregnant adult sheep, simultaneously we measured norepinephrine (NE)-induced responses of vascular tension and [Ca2+]i in the absence and presence of selective K+-channel openers/blockers. In fetal MCA, in a dose-dep

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Naruse, K., D. S. McGehee, and G. S. Oxford. "Differential responses of Ca-activated K channels to bradykinin in sensory neurons and F-11 cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 262, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): C453—C460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1992.262.2.c453.

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The nonapeptide bradykinin (BK) excites a subset of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with putative nociceptive functions by stimulating an inward cation current. In addition, BK stimulates various intracellular signaling pathways including an elevation of intracellular Ca2+. In a DRG neuron x neuroblastoma hybrid cell (F-11), BK stimulates similar increases in intracellular [Ca2+] and inward current but also elicits a large transient outward current through Ca(2+)-activated K channels. We have investigated the mechanisms underlying differential expression of outward current responses in the

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Mitchell, K. D., and L. G. Navar. "Tubuloglomerular feedback responses during peritubular infusions of calcium channel blockers." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 258, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): F537—F544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1990.258.3.f537.

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Experiments were performed in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats to evaluate the dependence of the effector limb of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism on transmembrane calcium flux through potential-operated calcium channels. Peritubular capillary infusions of the calcium channel blockers, verapamil and nifedipine, were used to achieve high intrarenal levels without influencing arterial blood pressure. Proximal tubule stop-flow pressure (SFP) and single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) tubuloglomerular feedback responses were obtained during control conditions and during simultaneo

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Hnatkovska, Viktoria, Amartya Lahiri, and Carlos A. Vegh. "The Exchange Rate Response to Monetary Policy Innovations." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 137–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20140362.

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We present a new data fact: in response to a monetary tightening, the domestic currency tends to appreciate in developed countries but depreciate in developing countries. A model is developed to rationalize this contrasting pattern. It has three key channels of monetary transmission: a liquidity demand channel, a fiscal channel, and an output channel. The paper shows that a calibrated version of the model can explain the contrast between developed and developing countries. Using counterfactual experiments and empirical evidence, we identify differences in the liquidity demand effect as critica

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Gawne, T. J., J. W. McClurkin, B. J. Richmond, and L. M. Optican. "Lateral geniculate neurons in behaving primates. III. Response predictions of a channel model with multiple spatial-to-temporal filters." Journal of Neurophysiology 66, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): 809–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.66.3.809.

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1. For the experiments reported in these papers, we recorded the responses of lateral geniculate (LGN) neurons to a large set of two-dimensional, black and white patterns based on Walsh functions and to a set of test stimuli. In the first two papers we reported that these neurons encode stimulus-related information in both the strength and the shape of the response waveforms and that there are more than two independent components in the response. These results cannot be explained by existing models. This paper provides a model of LGN neurons that not only accounts for the foregoing observation

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Rosa, Juliana M., Cristina J. Torregrosa-Hetland, Inés Colmena, Luis M. Gutiérrez, Antonio G. García, and Luis Gandía. "Calcium entry through slow-inactivating L-type calcium channels preferentially triggers endocytosis rather than exocytosis in bovine chromaffin cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 301, no. 1 (July 2011): C86—C98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00440.2010.

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Calcium (Ca2+)-dependent endocytosis has been linked to preferential Ca2+ entry through the L-type (α1D, CaV1.3) of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs). Considering that the Ca2+-dependent exocytotic release of neurotransmitters is mostly triggered by Ca2+ entry through N-(α1B, CaV2.2) or PQ-VDCCs (α1A, CaV2.1) and that exocytosis and endocytosis are coupled, the supposition that the different channel subtypes are specialized to control different cell functions is attractive. Here we have explored this hypothesis in primary cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells where PQ channels acco

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Clausen, Michael V., Viwan Jarerattanachat, Elisabeth P. Carpenter, Mark S. P. Sansom, and Stephen J. Tucker. "Asymmetric mechanosensitivity in a eukaryotic ion channel." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 40 (September 18, 2017): E8343—E8351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708990114.

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Living organisms perceive and respond to a diverse range of mechanical stimuli. A variety of mechanosensitive ion channels have evolved to facilitate these responses, but the molecular mechanisms underlying their exquisite sensitivity to different forces within the membrane remains unclear. TREK-2 is a mammalian two-pore domain (K2P) K+ channel important for mechanosensation, and recent studies have shown how increased membrane tension favors a more expanded conformation of the channel within the membrane. These channels respond to a complex range of mechanical stimuli, however, and it is unce

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Hoffmann, Tamara, Clara Boiangiu, Susanne Moses, and Erhard Bremer. "Responses of Bacillus subtilis to Hypotonic Challenges: Physiological Contributions of Mechanosensitive Channels to Cellular Survival." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 8 (February 29, 2008): 2454–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01573-07.

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ABSTRACT Mechanosensitive channels are thought to function as safety valves for the release of cytoplasmic solutes from cells that have to manage a rapid transition from high- to low-osmolarity environments. Subsequent to an osmotic down-shock of cells grown at high osmolarity, Bacillus subtilis rapidly releases the previously accumulated compatible solute glycine betaine in accordance with the degree of the osmotic downshift. Database searches suggest that B. subtilis possesses one copy of a gene for a mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (mscL) and three copies of genes encoding pro

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Oz, Murat, and George B. Frank. "Effect of the calcium channel agonist Bay K8644 on mechanical and electrical responses of frog skeletal muscle." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 72, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 1220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y94-173.

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The effects of Bay K8644, a Ca2+ channel agonist, on the mechanical and electrical properties of frog skeletal muscle fibers were investigated. At relatively low concentrations, such as 10−6 and 10−5 M, Bay K8644 significantly potentiated the maximum amplitudes of twitch responses, and this effect was not reversed in the presence of the calcium channel antagonist nitrendipine. At higher concentrations, such as 10−4 M, Bay K8644 depressed the amplitudes of twitch responses, and nitrendipine did not change this effect. At all concentrations, Bay K8644 greatly reduced the area under the tetanic f

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Provencher, M., V. Houde, M. Brochu, and J. St-Louis. "Mineralocorticoids participate in the reduced vascular reactivity of pregnant rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 302, no. 5 (March 1, 2012): H1195—H1201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00510.2011.

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The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system is markedly activated in pregnancy. We evaluated if mineralocorticoid receptors (MR), a major component of the RAA system, are involved in the reduced vascular reactivity associated with pregnancy. Canrenoate (MR antagonist; 20 mg·kg−1·day−1) was administered to nonpregnant (NP) rats for 7 days and to pregnant rats from day 15 to 22 of gestation. These were killed on day 17, 19, or 22 of gestation and, for NP rats, after 7 days treatment. Constrictor responses to phenylephrine (PhE) and KCl were measured in endothelium-denuded thoracic aortic ring

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Mondéjar-Parreño, Gema, Bianca Barreira, María Callejo, Daniel Morales-Cano, Vincenzo Barrese, Sergio Esquivel-Ruiz, Miguel A. Olivencia, et al. "Uncovered Contribution of Kv7 Channels to Pulmonary Vascular Tone in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." Hypertension 76, no. 4 (October 2020): 1134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15221.

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K + channels play a fundamental role regulating membrane potential of pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cells and their impairment is a common feature in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). K + voltage-gated channel subfamily Q ( KCNQ1-5 ) or Kv7 channels and their regulatory subunits subfamily E (KCNE) regulatory subunits are known to regulate vascular tone, but whether Kv7 channel function is impaired in PAH and how this can affect the rationale for targeting Kv7 channels in PAH remains unknown. Here, we have studied the role of Kv7/KCNE subunits in rat PA and their possible alteration

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Zhang, Peng, Chun Yang, and Rona J. Delay. "Odors activate dual pathways, a TRPC2 and a AA-dependent pathway, in mouse vomeronasal neurons." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 298, no. 5 (May 2010): C1253—C1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00271.2009.

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Located at the anterior portion of the nose, the paired vomeronasal organs (VNO) detect odors and pheromones. In vomeronasal sensory neurons (VSNs) odor responses are mainly mediated by phospholipase C (PLC), stimulation of which elevates diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG activates a transient receptor potential channel (TRPC2) leading to cell depolarization. In this study, we used a natural stimulus, urine, to elicit odor responses in VSNs and found urine responses persisted in TRPC2−/− mice, suggesting the existence of a TRPC2-independent signal transduction pathway. Using perforated patch-clamp rec

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Yaghi, Asma, Sanjay Mehta, and David G. McCormack. "Delayed rectifier potassium channels contribute to the depressed pulmonary artery contractility in pneumonia." Journal of Applied Physiology 93, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 957–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01146.2001.

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We investigated the role of K+ channels in the attenuated pulmonary artery (PA) contractility characteristic of acute Pseudomonaspneumonia. Contractility of PA rings from the lungs of control or pneumonia rats was assessed in vitro by obtaining cumulative concentration-response curves to the contractile agonists KCl, phenylephrine, or PGF2α on PA rings before and after treatment with K+ channel blockers. In rings from pneumonia rats, paxilline (10 μM), tetraethylammonium (2 mM) (blockers of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels), and glybenclamide (ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker, 80 μ

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Studański, Ryszard, and Andrzej Zak. "Measurement of Hydroacoustic Channel Impulse Response." Applied Mechanics and Materials 817 (January 2016): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.817.317.

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The article describes the method of determining the hydroacoustic channel impulse response using signals modulated by pseudo-random sequence. Moreover, exemplary impulse responses determined in the laboratory conditions were presented.

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Paisansathan, Chanannait, Haoliang Xu, Francesco Vetri, Moises Hernandez, and Dale A. Pelligrino. "Interactions between adenosine and K+ channel-related pathways in the coupling of somatosensory activation and pial arteriolar dilation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 299, no. 6 (December 2010): H2009—H2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00702.2010.

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Multiple, perhaps interactive, mechanisms participate in the linkage between increased neural activity and cerebral vasodilation. In the present study, we assessed whether neural activation-related pial arteriolar dilation (PAD) involved interactions among adenosine (Ado) A2 receptors (A2Rs), large-conductance Ca2+-operated K+ (BKCa) channels, and inward rectifier K+ (Kir) channels. In rats with closed cranial windows, we monitored sciatic nerve stimulation (SNS)-induced PAD in the absence or presence of pharmacological blockade of A2Rs (ZM-241385), ecto-5′-nucleotidase (α,β-methylene-adenosin

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