Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Chromium Exposure

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Chromium Exposure”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 3 czerwca 2025

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Chromium Exposure"

Choe, Yeong-Ju, Kyoung-Jin Lee та Hae-Jin Hwang. "Cr Poisoning On Nd2Ni0.95Cu0.05O4+δ Cathode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, № 2 (2016): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0107.

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Abstract In this study, Nd2Ni1-xCuxO4+δ (x=0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2) layered perovskite powders were synthesized by the glycine nitrate process (GNP) and the chromium poisoning effect on the electrochemical performance of the Nd2Ni0.95Cu0.05O4+δ and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ cathodes were investigated. In the case of the LSCF cathode, the strontium chromite phase formed after the exposure of the gaseous chromium species, while there was no additional phase in the Nd2Ni0.95Cu0.05O4+δ cathode. The area specific resistance (ASR) of the Nd2Ni0.95Cu0.05O4+δ cathode did not change significantly after th

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Gao, M., L. S. Levy, R. A. Braithwaite, and S. S. Brown. "Monitoring of Total Chromium in Rat Fluids and Lymphocytes Following Intratracheal Administration of Soluble Trivalent or Hexavalent Chromium Compounds." Human & Experimental Toxicology 12, no. 5 (1993): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719301200506.

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1 Intratracheal instillation of sodium dichromate (CrVI) and chromium acetate hydroxide (CrIII) to male Wistar rats gave rise to increased chromium concentrations in whole blood, plasma and urine up to 72 h post exposure; peak concentrations were reached at 6 h after exposure. 2 The ratio of whole blood chromium to plasma chromium concentrations was significantly different for Cr(VI) and CR(III) treatments. Both blood chromium and plasma chromium assays should therefore be used for the assessment of chromium exposure. 3 Chromium was also detected in peripheral lymphocytes. Cr(VI), but not Cr(l

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Islam, Fahrul, and Budi Hatono. "Paparan kromium dan kerusakan ginjal pada pekerja pelapisan logam." Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat 32, no. 8 (2018): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bkm.12130.

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Chromium exposure and the kidney damage risk among electroplating workersPurposeThis study was carried out to investigate the kidney damage risk due to chromium exposure at the workplace.Method33 electroplating workers and 33 control subjects with no history of occupational exposure to chromium in Makassar were involved. Chromium levels in urine were measured with atomic absorption spectrometry. ResultsUrine from exposed workers contained higher levels of chromium, when compared with those obtained in the control group. Furthermore, there was a direct relationship was obtained between the amou

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Decharat, Somsiri. "Chromium Exposure and Hygienic Behaviors in Printing Workers in Southern Thailand." Journal of Toxicology 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/607435.

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Objectives.The main objective of this study was to assess the chromium exposure levels in printing workers. The study evaluated the airborne, serum, and urinary chromium levels and determines any correlation between level of chromium in specimen and airborne chromium levels.Material and Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted with 75 exposed and 75 matched nonexposed subjects. Air breathing zone was measured by furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Serum and urine samples were collected to determine chromium levels by graphite furnaces atomic absorption spectrometer chromium analy

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Majid, Shahi, Asghar Farshad Ali, Bakand Shahnaz, and Eshaghzadeh Fereshteh. "Correlation of Chromium (VI) Concentration in Workers Breathing Zones and Total Chromium in Urine Samples of Electroplating Workers." Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health 12, no. 03 (2022): 152–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8227884.

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The aim of this research was to investigate the correlation between chromium (VI) concentration in the breathing zone of workers and total chromium in urine specimens as a biomarker of exposure in chromium electroplating workers. In chromium plating, different airborne concentrations of chromium (VI) can be released into the breathing zone of workers. For measurement of chromium (VI) concentration 69 air samples were collected by filtration technique and collected samples were analyzed using NIOSH method 7600. Air sampling from breathing zones was conducted by personal sampling method and furt

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Mehta, Maharshi. "74 Leveraging on exposure profiles for efficient exposure monitoring outcome." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 68, Supplement_1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxae035.030.

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Abstract Occupational hygiene service providers and companies worldwide have been collecting thousands of exposure monitoring samples and not leveraging the lessons learned from exposure monitoring results. The exposure monitoring results are often not representative of actual exposures. Precious resources are wasted in collecting exposure monitoring samples when not needed based on, for example, previous exposure monitoring results and chemical properties. For example, inhalation of phosphoric acid exposure is rarely a concern as phosphoric acid vapor pressure is low (0.03 mmHg (20 °C). Expos

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Sun, Hong, Jason Brocato, and Max Costa. "Oral Chromium Exposure and Toxicity." Current Environmental Health Reports 2, no. 3 (2015): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40572-015-0054-z.

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Tavakkoli, Leila, Zahra Zamani Nasab, and Narges Khanjani. "Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium in Iran: A systematic review." Journal of Epidemiological Research 3, no. 2 (2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jer.v3n2p31.

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Background: Chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal and trace mineral found in various forms. Cr III is an essential nutrient, that is normally found in human blood and urine; in contrast, Cr VI is listed in group I carcinogens and is hazardous for human health. Several studies have been done about measuring human Chromium levels in Iran and this review attempted to summarize these studies.Methods: Electronic resources including SID, Magiran, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar were searched; with phrases including “Exposure to Chromium, Chromium exposure, Chromium measuring, Occupational expo

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Lee, Ju-Wook, Jun-Hwan Kim, Deok-Chan Lee, Hyun-Jeong Lim, and Ju-Chan Kang. "Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium." Biology 11, no. 5 (2022): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11050766.

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Juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus were exposed to waterborne hexavalent chromium at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) for 10 days. After chromium exposure, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase, which are oxidative stress indicators, were significantly increased; however, the glutathione level was significantly reduced. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a neurotoxicity marker was significantly inhibited upon chromium exposure. Other stress indicators, including plasma cortisol and heat shock protein 70, were significantly increased. The immune respo

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Sazakli, Eleni. "Human Health Effects of Oral Exposure to Chromium: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 4 (2024): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21040406.

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The toxicity and carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium via the inhalation route is well established. However, a scientific debate has arisen about the potential effects of oral exposure to chromium on human health. Epidemiological studies evaluating the connection between ingested chromium and adverse health effects on the general population are limited. In recent years, a wealth of biomonitoring studies has emerged evaluating the associations between chromium levels in body fluids and tissues and health outcomes. This systematic review brings together epidemiological and biomonitoring eviden

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Chromium Exposure"

Mintz, Kathryn Louise. "Differences of DNA-Transcription Factor Interactions Following Chromium Exposure." The University of Montana, 2006. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12042006-144459/.

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The effect of 8-oxoguanine in the consensus sequence of êB DNA on the binding affinity of p50BD was determined using a 22-mer and a 30-mer double-stranded DNA oligonucleotide containing the NF-êB binding site. The addition of a carboxyl moiety at position 8 on guanine (creating 8-oxoguanine) was observed to change the binding affinity of the transcription factor for the êB DNA sequences at each modified guanine site. The protocol used a p50 binding domain protein (residues 23 to 366 from the p50 protein) and a p50 mutant protein with a single amino acid mutation of the wild type histidine 67 t

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Brenneman, Chad. "Evaluating Worker Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium in Refractory Materials During Demolition Activities." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1267736529.

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Madden, M. G. "Hexavalent chromium in aerosols evolved during a high temperature metallurgical process." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376689.

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Lee, Amanda Jayne. "Potential biomarkers of cancer risk associated with exposure to hexavalent chromium." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399040.

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Thanh, Son Dao, Hong-Son Le Nguyen, Tan-Minh Vo, Thi-My-Chi Vo, The-Huy Phan, and Thi Nhu-Phuong Bui. "Growth and metal uptake capacity of microalgae under exposure to chromium." Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32709.

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Microalgae play a key function in aquatic ecosystems. Their development and growth are strongly regulated by trace metals as essential elements. However, trace metals could cause negative effects when exceeding certain concentrations in the environment. In this study we tested the development and growth rate of two freshwater microalgae, the cyanobacterium Pseudanabeana mucicola and the green alga Pediastrum duplex, from Vietnam over the period of 14 days exposing to chromium (Cr) at the concentrations up to 1,936 μg L-1. Besides, the Cr uptake and absorption by P. mucicola were evaluated over

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PENNLINE, CARA MARIE. "EVALUATING POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM (Cr(VI) AMONG MAINTENANCE MECHANIC WELDERS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1182717517.

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Pan, Yi. "Formation of Superhexagonal Chromium Hydride by Exposure of Chromium Thin Film to High Temperature, High Pressure Hydrogen in a Ballistic Compressor." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1243.

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The interaction of hydrogen with metals has great environmental significance in problems ranging from the catastrophic failure of materials due to hydrogen embrittlement to safe and efficient storage of hydrogen as a metal hydride. Chromium (Cr) is widely used as an alloying agent to produce materials such as stainless steel and as an electroplated coating on materials to prevent corrosion and to minimize wear. Hydrogen which co-deposits with chromium during electroplating forms hexagonal close packed CrH or face centered cubic CrH2 which cracks the deposit. The behavior of hydrogen in Cr, esp

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Moran, Michael Patrick. "Dissociation of hexavalent chromium from primer paint particles into simulated mucus fluid /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Moran2005.pdf.

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Lange, Steven Harold. "Dissociation of hexavalent chromium from sanded paint particles into a simulated lung fluid /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2006. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Lange2006.pdf.

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Shamhart, Andrew Bradley. "Potential compliance impact of reduced permissible exposure limit for hexavalent chromium in an aerospace production and maintenance facility." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2006.

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Książki na temat "Chromium Exposure"

1956-, Jacobs James A., Guertin Jacques, Avakian Cynthia P, and Independent Environmental Technical Evaluation Group, eds. Chromium (VI) handbook. CRC Press, 2005.

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Lee, Amanda Jayne. Potential biomarkers of cancer risk associated with exposure to hexavalent chromium. University of Birmingham, 2003.

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Katz, Sidney A. The biological and environmental chemistry of chromium. VCH, 1994.

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J, Bourassa Roger, and Langley Research Center, eds. Effects of space exposure on metals flown on the Long Duration Exposure Facility. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Center, Langley Research, ed. Oxidation and emittance studies of coated Mo-Re. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1997.

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Kiilunen, Mirja. Occupational exposure to chromium and nickel in Finland and its estimation by biological monitoring. University of Kuopio, 1994.

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Studies, United States Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Division of Health. Biologic indicators of exposure to heavy metals in fish consumers: Technical assistance to the American Samoa government, Department of Health Services, Pago Pago, American Samoa. U.S. Dept. for Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1995.

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A, Jacobs James, Jacques Guertin, and Cynthia P. Avakian. Chromium(VI) Handbook. Taylor & Francis Group, 2004.

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A, Jacobs James, Jacques Guertin, and Cynthia P. Avakian. Chromium(VI) Handbook. Taylor & Francis Group, 2004.

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A, Jacobs James, Jacques Guertin, and Cynthia P. Avakian. Chromium(VI) Handbook. Taylor & Francis Group, 2004.

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Części książek na temat "Chromium Exposure"

Radosavljevic, Vladan. "Human Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium." In Assessing Human Exposure to Key Chemical Carcinogens. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-84441-6_6.

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Hoet, Perinne. "Speciation of Chromium in Occupational Exposure and Clinical Aspects." In Handbook of Elemental Speciation II - Species in the Environment, Food, Medicine and Occupational Health. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470856009.ch2f(ii).

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Sarlinova, M., L. Majerova, T. Matakova, et al. "Polymorphisms of DNA Repair Genes and Lung Cancer in Chromium Exposure." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/5584_2014_82.

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Halasova, E., T. Matakova, M. Skerenova, et al. "Polymorphisms of Selected DNA Repair Genes and Lung Cancer in Chromium Exposure." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/5584_2016_218.

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Coniglio, Lidia, and Renato Baudo. "Life-tables of Daphnia obtusa (Kurz) surviving exposure to toxic concentrations of chromium." In Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1896-2_40.

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López, Erika Alejandra Noguera, Diana Julieth Salguero Guerrero, Johan Alexander Álvarez Berrio, and Luis Camilo Blanco Becerra. "Personal Exposure to TSP, Chromium, and Lead in a Road in Bogotá, Colombia." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (3rd Edition). Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43922-3_144.

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Mattagajasingh, Subhendra N., and Hara P. Misra. "Modification of Chromatin Structure Following Exposure of MOLT4 Cells to the Carcinogenic Chromium(VI)." In Methods in Protein Structure Analysis. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1031-8_26.

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Gil, A., J. JedliŃski, J. Sƚowik, G. Borchardt, and S. Mrowec. "Contribution of the Water Vapour-Induced Effects to SIMS-Spectra from Scales Growing on Chromium During Isotopic Exposures." In Microscopy of Oxidation, 2nd ed. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003575825-24.

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Kant Choudhari, Jyoti, Jyotsna Choubey, Mukesh Kumar Verma, Anand Kumar Jayapal, and Biju Prava Sahariah. "Chromium Genotoxicity Associated with Respiratory Disease." In Trace Elements and Their Effects on Human Health and Diseases. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97336.

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Chromium existing in the biosphere in prominent two forms Cr (III) and Cr (VI) is a well-studied heavy metal. Cr (III) is considered as non-harmful and necessary element in diet whereas Cr(VI) is extremely toxic exerting various negative health impacts on human and other organisms. Mining activity is must for extracting economic minerals and a large number of people are related to these sites as worker or habitants and a major source of chromium exposure. Present chapter discusses genotoxic nature of chromium considering respiratory disease resulted from chromium exposure. The genotoxicity is

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"Chromium: exposure, toxicity, and biomonitoring approaches." In Biomarkers of Environmentally Associated Disease. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420032208-22.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Chromium Exposure"

Harper, Mark A., and Larry R. Walker. "Chromium Depletion in High Temperature Alloys During Elevated Temperature Exposure." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01154.

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Abstract Alloys typically rely on the formation of an external scale for protection against high temperature aggressive environments. Furthermore, metallic components requiring an appreciable service life (e g. thousands of hours) in an oxidizing atmosphere at operating temperatures above approximately 700°C, typically contain sufficient additions of Cr, Al, and/or Si such that a protective Cr2O3, Al2O3, and/or SiO2 scale forms on the component during operation. The vast majority of high temperature alloys are Cr2O3 formers which requires the diffusion of Cr to the alloy/scale interface to sup

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Burke, P. A., J. L. Dawson, G. Bailey, and R. C. Woollam. "Corrosion of Chromium Steels in Inhibited Acids." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87041.

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Abstract The performance of chromium steels was evaluated in acidizing environments of 15% or 25% HCl, with and without surfactant additives, by means of weight- loss determinations and electrochemical impedance analysis. Corrosion rates in 15% HCl were not linear with time, hence weight-loss measurements averaged over the exposure time may be misleading when interpreted against instantaneous corrosion rates obtained from impedance measurements. The electrochemical impedance data also provided valuable information on the mechanism of the inhibitor, the effect of acid concentration and the addi

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Lancaster, K. R., J. M. Cassidy, and M. L. Walker. "Effect of HCl on the Repassivation of Some Chromium-Containing Alloys." In CORROSION 1993. NACE International, 1993. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1993-93094.

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Abstract The passive behavior of 13% Cr steel and 22% Cr duplex steel was determined by solution ion analysis. Both metals exhibited passive behavior in a simulated production brine before and after exposure to hydrochloric acid. A sample of 22% Cr duplex steel repassivated in a low pH, high chloride fluid under a CO2 atmosphere following exposure to inhibited 15% HCl. Martensitic 13% Cr also showed passive behavior following exposure to acid in a low pH fluid or one containing a high chloride content. However, anomalies in the passive nature of 13% Cr occurred in a fluid containing both a low

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Lee, Jason S., Richard I. Ray, Brenda J. Little, et al. "Potential Biocidal Properties of CR+6 in Coatings." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01102.

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Abstract In laboratory studies microbiocidal properties of chromium in coatings depended on the following exposure conditions: atmospheric vs. immersion, hexavalent chromium concentration and the target organism.

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Klöwer, J., H. J. Grabke, E. M. Müller-Lorenz, and D. C. Agarwal. "Metal Dusting and Carburization Resistance of Nickel-Base Alloys." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97139.

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Abstract The carburization behavior of nine commercial nickel-base alloys and four iron-nickel- chromium alloys was investigated at 650 °C in a carburizing H2-CO-H2O - gas with a carbon activity of ac &gt;&gt; 1. The iron-nickel-chromium alloys suffered severe metal dusting after a very short test period. Nickel base alloys were generally less susceptible to metal dusting than iron-base alloys. However, their corrosion behavior was found to depend sensitively on the chromium concentration of the respective alloys. Alloys like alloy 600H, with a chromium concentration of only 16 %, suff

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Bakker, W. T., C. E. Lewis, and R. A. Perkins. "Evaluation of Chromized Coatings for Coal Gasification Environments." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86100.

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Abstract Large water wall panels and convection modules were chromized in a pilot-scale facility, using the pack cementation process. Variations in chromium content and thickness of the coating were determined by optical microscopy and electron microprobe. The chromium content of the coating increased with thickness. Minimum coating thickness was about 200 μm and minimum chromium content was 23-25%, which was found to provide adequate sulfidation resistance in laboratory tests at 400°C. Chromium carbide precipitation, especially in heat-affected zones of welds, caused chromium-depleted zones,

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Shifler, David A., and Leslie K. Kohler. "Hot Corrosion Resistance and Thermal Stability of High Chromium-Nickel Alloys." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00242.

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Abstract Ongoing work has developed high chromium nickel-based alloys suitable for use in shipboard incinerators operating between 704 °C (1300 °F) and 980 °C (1800 °F) and has developed the science and technology base for the manufacture of these advanced alloys. Nickel alloys containing more than 30 percent chromium are extremely difficult to fabricate by conventional hot working processes because of the development of a brittle alpha chromium phase. In addition, high-chromium nickel- based alloys are susceptible to a decrease in ductility after exposure to elevated service temperatures. The

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Al-Odwani, A., M. Al-Tabatabaei, J. Carew, and A. Al-Hashem. "The Corrosion Performance of High Chromium Stainless Steels and Titanium Alloys at a Reverse Osmosis Plant in Arabian Gulf Seawater." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97412.

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Abstract Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to evaluate the corrosion performance of four high chromium stainless steels and Grade 2 titanium in flowing Arabian Gulf natural seawater. The EIS provided information concerning the changes to the interfacial impedance as a function of exposure time for these alloys. The impedance spectra for all the alloys showed slight changes at the low frequency region over the exposure period. The open-circuit potentials (OCP) of these alloys were also monitored as a function of exposure time. The stainless steel alloys exhibited slight fluc

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Lenard, D. R., B. A. Noren, and Yueping Wang. "Monitoring the Corrosion of Copper-Nickel-Chromium Castings Using Electrochemical Frequency Modulation." In CORROSION 2011. NACE International, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2011-11354.

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Abstract Cast nickel aluminum bronze has been used extensively in some components in seawater systems because of its generally good toughness. However, this alloy can be susceptible to selective phase corrosion, which has led to requirements for removal of components on a fixed timetable to test for the presence of this corrosion. In an effort to reduce the costs associated with these inspections, some of these components will be replaced with those made from a cast copper-nickel-chromium alloy. This alloy should be free from this form of corrosion, particularly after the development of a prot

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Tassen, C. S., J. A. Harris, and P. Ganesan. "A Corrosion and Metallurgical Evaluation of Co-Extruded Tubing after 17 Years of Service in a Coal Fired Utility Boiler." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87448.

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Abstract INCOCLAD* 671/800H clad tubing was installed in a power generating station in 1967 and 1968. Sections of these tubes were removed periodically for metallurgical evaluation. The last section of tubing removed had been exposed for over 17 years in a boiler reheater section operating at 1005°F (540°C) and a steam pressure of 475-500 psig (3.28-3.45 MPa). The tubing is a duplex product consisting of a tube of INCOLOY* nickel-iron-chromium alloy 800H with an exterior cladding of INCONEL* alloy 671 ("50/50" nickel-chromium). The alloy 800H provides the needed high temperature strength while

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Chromium Exposure"

Pan, Yi. Formation of Superhexagonal Chromium Hydride by Exposure of Chromium Thin Film to High Temperature, High Pressure Hydrogen in a Ballistic Compressor. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1242.

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Krantz, Jason W. Evaluation of Beryllium, Total Chromium and Nickel in the Surface Contaminant Layer Available for Dermal Exposure After Abrasive Blasting in a Shipyard. Defense Technical Information Center, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1013000.

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Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub2013128.

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Health hazard evaluation report: evaluation of chromium, hexavalent chromium, cadmium, and isocyanate exposures in an aircraft refinishing plant. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshhhe201300113278.

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