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1

Grimm, Jannis Julien. Contested Legitimacies. Amsterdam University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463722650.

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Since the overthrow of President Mursi in mid-2013, Egypt has witnessed an authoritarian rollback and shrinking spaces for civil society. Nationalist discourses have villified popular protest and channelled pressure for reform into a state-centric model of governance. Despite this hostile environment for social mobilization, protest has persisted. Contested Legitimacies explores this resilience of contentious politics through a multimethod approach that is attuned to the physical and discursive interactions among key players in Egypt’s protest arena. Drawing from a unique archive of sources, i
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Howard, Marc Morjé. Opposition coalitions and political liberalization in competitive authoritarian regimes. University of Strathclyde, 2004.

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Riches, Graham. Policy research and community action: The Regina Child Hunger Coalition. Social Administration Research Unit, Faculty of Social Work, University of Regina, 1991.

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Cook, Terrence E. Nested Political Coalitions : Nation, Regime, Program, Cabinet. Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated, 2001.

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Buchanan, Allen. Precommitment Regimes for Intervention. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190878436.003.0009.

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This chapter presents and justifies an alternative to a democratic coalition for authorizing humanitarian military intervention: a precommitment regime whereby a democratic, legitimate government at serious risk for being violently overthrown or that is vulnerable to a resurgence of ethno-national violence could enter into a contract with a state or coalition of states that would pre-authorize intervention under certain circumstances. Such a precommitment contract would be revocable at will by that government or any legitimate successor government. The details of the precommitment contract are
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Sika, Nadine. Civil Society and Activism in the Middle East. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198882411.001.0001.

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Abstract This book analyses the impact of repression on civil society activism in the Middle East through the cases of Egypt and Jordan. It argues that authoritarian regimes’ repressive strategies towards civil society actors vary depending on an authoritarian regime’s recent historical experience with regime breakdown and/or continuity. Authoritarian regimes that go through breakdown and that transition from one autocratic rule to another increase repression against all civil society actors in an effort to pre-empt large-scale mobilization. This instils fear into civil society actors, who as
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Schlumberger, Oliver. Authoritarian Regimes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935307.013.18.

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This article first discusses the term “authoritarian regimes” and makes a claim for studying such regimes. An overview of the young but burgeoning research on authoritarian regimes structures the field in eight thematic clusters: (1) typological efforts and regime characteristics such as coalition formation and origins, (2) institutionalist approaches, (3) state-society relations beyond formal institutions, (4) repression, (5) political economy approaches, (6) international dimensions, (7) performance, and (8) linking the concepts of regimes and states. Although this wave of research has been
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Eibl, Ferdinand. Social Dictatorships. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198834274.001.0001.

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Why have social spending levels and social policy trajectories diverged so drastically across labour-abundant MENA regimes? And how can we explain the persistence of social spending after divergence? This books sets out to answer both questions. Itdevelops a theory about the emergence of authoritarian welfare states, arguing that autocratic leaders need both the incentives and the abilities to distribute welfare for authoritarian welfare states to emerge. The former are shaped by coalition-building dynamics at the onset of regime formation while the latter are conditioned by the external envir
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Eaton, Kent. Territorial Conflict and Reconciliation in Bolivia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198800576.003.0005.

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This chapter focuses on subnational policy challenges in Bolivia and on the important victories achieved by neoliberal challengers located in the country’s most powerful department: Santa Cruz. The first half of the chapter traces the strength of Santa Cruz’s neoliberal policy regime to the economic elites who invested heavily in local institutional capacity beginning in the 1950s. When this policy regime came under attack with the rise of President Evo Morales in 2005, local elites grouped together in the Pro-Santa Cruz Committee, and, led by Governor Rubén Costas, successfully maintained it
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Helfont, Samuel. American Misconceptions about Iraq and the 2003 Invasion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190843311.003.0013.

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This chapter discusses the invasion of Iraq in 2003. It argues that the war plans included assumptions about the strength of the Iraqi regime/state and the amount of control that the regime exerted over the religious landscape, which turned out to be false. The regime had shaped and demarcated the Shi‘i religious landscape in accordance with its political goals. The regime was much more robust and exerted much more control than planners of the literature on Iraq suggested. The chapter also discusses the reasons for the misperceptions. The regime hid its control over the religious landscape in
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Nested Political Coalitions: Nation, Regime, Program, Cabinet. Praeger Publishers, 2001.

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Porter, Patrick. Weighing the Arguments. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807964.003.0005.

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This chapter weighs the competing arguments over the wisdom of invading Iraq, and constructs the strongest possible case in favour of ‘regime change’, both with hindsight, and without. Hawks pose serious ‘what if’ questions: what were the alternatives to war? What costs would US-led allies have borne if they had refrained from invading? This chapter demonstrates that the defences of the war rest on counterfactual historical claims that are implausible and less grave than what actually happened. The strongest retrospective case for war still involves fragile gains made at costs so heavy, with s
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Baturo, Alexander, and Jos Elkink. The New Kremlinology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896193.001.0001.

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The New Kremlinology is the first in-depth examination of the development of regime personalisation in Russia. In the post-Cold War period, many previously democratising countries experienced authoritarian reversals whereby incumbent leaders took over and gravitated towards personalist rule. Scholars have predominantly focused on the authoritarian turn, as opposed to the type of authoritarian rule emerging from it. In a departure from accounts centred on the failure of democratisation in Russia, this book's argument begins from a basic assumption that the political regime of Vladimir Putin is
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Bergman, Torbjörn, Gabriella Ilonszki, and Wolfgang C. Müller, eds. Coalition Governance in Central Eastern Europe. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844372.001.0001.

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Coalitions among political parties govern most of Europe’s parliamentary democracies. Traditionally, the study of coalition politics has been focused on Western Europe. Coalition governance in Central Eastern Europe brings the study of the full coalition life-cycle to a region that has undergone tremendous political transformation, but which has not been studied from this perspective. The volume covers Bulgaria, Estonia, the Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. It provides information and analyses of the cycle, from pre-electoral alliances to coa
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Aziz, Ibrahim. Power-Sharing in Iraq after 2003. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., 2021. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978722316.

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After the collapse of Saddam’s regime in 2003, the most important issue in Iraq was the power-sharing arrangements among communities. At this point, the Iraqi people were presented with the chance to look for another political system which would retain all communities’ participation: consociational democracy, an ideal theme in that kind of system everybody has a voice and contributes to the political process. Therefore, the US-led coalition forces were invested in working to form political order according to power-sharing arrangements and recognized that they needed to do this by gathering Ira
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Chaisty, Paul, Nic Cheeseman, and Timothy J. Power. Coalitional Presidentialism in Comparative Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817208.001.0001.

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This book provides the first cross-regional study of an increasingly important form of politics: coalitional presidentialism. Drawing on original research of minority presidents in the democratizing and hybrid regimes of Armenia, Benin, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Kenya, Malawi, Russia, and Ukraine, it seeks to understand how presidents who lack single party legislative majorities build and manage cross-party support in legislative assemblies. It develops a framework for analysing this phenomenon, and blends data from MP surveys, detailed case studies, and wider legislative and political contexts,
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Roessler, Philip, and Harry Verhoeven. Comrades Preparing for War. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190611354.003.0005.

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The chapter analyzes the founding of the coalition of revolutionaries to invade Zaire, symbol of “neo-colonial” Africa. It traces the provisions for war by the Pan-Africanist alliance as they helped create a national liberation movement that could transform abstract ideals into quotidian struggle and political organization. Tasked to front this regime change agenda was Laurent-Désiré Kabila who would develop an extraordinary degree of interdependence with the RPF; their reciprocal relationship would shape the character of the liberation project—and its extraordinarily violent demise—more than
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Eaton, Kent. Policy Regime Juxtaposition in Ecuador. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198800576.003.0004.

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This chapter examines Ecuador as a case of policy regime juxtaposition, marked by the success of the first type of subnational policy challenge and the failure of the second. With respect to the first challenge, two dynamic mayors on the right of the political spectrum—León Febres Cordero (1992–2000) and Jaime Nebot (2000–18)—were able to design, build, and consolidate a distinctly neoliberal model in the critical port city of Guayaquil. Thanks to high levels of administrative capacity and strong internal coalitions, the architects of this model subsequently managed to defend it in the face of
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Pouillaude, Frédéric. Section 2. Translated by Anna Pakes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199314645.003.0018.

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The first feature of the transformation described above consists in the dissolution of stable companies. Temporary and local coalitions took the place of stable teams of salaried collaborators (what used to be called “companies). These coalitions brought together around a defined project a group of individuals with their own independent artistic careers. The coalition model is both liberal and libertarian, in linking labor to the temporary mission and the circumscribed consent of the participants. Yet its presence in dance is not merely a response to economic pressures, as the dissolution of M
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Rich Dorman, Sara. The Politics of Exclusion (2000–2008). Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190634889.003.0006.

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These are years of uncertainty and crisis for many in rural and urban parts of Zimbabwe, as land reform is expanded and political violence is deployed against opponents. While this period is often seen as a "rupture" in Zimbabwe’s political trajectory, the chapter argues that there are in fact strong continuities which reveal the reproduction of practices and norms from earlier years. The chapter charts efforts by the regime to rebuild and remobilize the nationalist coalition, after the loss of the constitutional referendum and the emergence of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), which s
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Rich Dorman, Sara. Understanding Zimbabwe. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190634889.001.0001.

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This book seeks to understand the state, nation and political identities that are being forged in modern Zimbabwe, and the nature of control that Robert Mugabe’s ZANU exercises over those political institutions. Focusing on the perspective and experiences of societal groups including NGOs, churches, trade unions, students and academics the book explores how the construction of consent, threat of coercion and material resources are used to integrate social groups into the ruling nationalist coalition, but also how they resist and frame competing discourses and institutions. Taking seriously the
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Kelsall, Tim, and Heng Seiha. Not Minding the Gap. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801641.003.0005.

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This chapter analyses patterns of growth in Cambodia. Over the past forty years, Cambodia has had one of the world’s most volatile growth experiences. A prolonged economic collapse between 1970 and 1982 was followed by a gradual but unstable recovery up until 1998, while post-1998 saw another growth acceleration and sustained high growth. While growth collapse can be traced to the failure of Prince Sihanouk’s post-independence political settlement, war, and the disastrous Khmer Rouge regime, growth acceleration and maintenance has been based on a political settlement which has created a balanc
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Amable, Bruno, and Hideko Magara. Growth, Crisis, Democracy: The Political Economy of Social Coalitions and Policy Regime Change. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Amable, Bruno, and Hideko Magara. Growth, Crisis, Democracy: The Political Economy of Social Coalitions and Policy Regime Change. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Amable, Bruno, and Hideko Magara. Growth, Crisis, Democracy: The Political Economy of Social Coalitions and Policy Regime Change. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Amable, Bruno, and Hideko Magara. Growth, Crisis, Democracy: The Political Economy of Social Coalitions and Policy Regime Change. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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Amable, Bruno, and Hideko Magara. Growth, Crisis, Democracy: The Political Economy of Social Coalitions and Policy Regime Change. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Langston, Joy K. Changes to Candidate Selection and Political Recruitment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190628512.003.0007.

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This chapter examines how the PRI’s candidate selection and recruitment changed from the hegemonic to the democratic era to capture how electoral competition strengthened the governors at the expense the corporatist sectors and other PRI groups. Under hegemony, the president controlled (through choosing or vetoing) which PRI politician appeared on the ballot, and thus could punish or benefit ambitious politicians within the wide-flung coalition. Once competition grew, however, a candidate’s popularity with voters began to weigh on these decisions and governors began to demand control over nomi
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Chen, Ling. Manipulating Globalization. Stanford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503604797.001.0001.

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The era of globalization saw China emerge as the world’s manufacturing titan. However, the “made in China” model—with its reliance on cheap labor and thin profits—has begun to wane. Beginning in the 2000s, the Chinese state shifted from attracting foreign investment to promoting technological competitiveness of domestic firms. This shift, however, caused tensions between winners and losers, leading local bureaucrats to compete for resources in government budget, funding, and tax breaks. While bureaucrats successfully built coalitions to motivate businesses to upgrade in some cities, in others,
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Growth, Crisis, Democracy: The Political Economy of Social Coalitions. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Roessler, Philip, and Harry Verhoeven. Back Against the Wall. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190611354.003.0010.

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Through the testimonies of civil administrators and security hawks, this chapter demonstrates the repatriation of nearly a million Rwandans from the camps was not the exorcism Paul Kagame had hoped for, but rather how the opposite was true. The failure to organize screening at the border meant that within months of the return of the refugees the RPF had to confront an insurgency that engulfed the country. With thousands of soldiers deployed in Congo, it could barely stave off the existential menace of the resurgent génocidaires. This context informed how the RPF responded to Kabila’s Katangiza
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Palmer, R. R. The Republics at Rome and Naples. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161280.003.0027.

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This chapter focuses the peace that prevailed on the Continent from the signing of the treaty of Campo Formio in October 1797 to the attack on Rome by the King of Naples in November 1798, which proved to be the opening episode in the War of the Second Coalition, and hence of the grand climax or confrontation in 1799 between the Old Regime and the New Republican Order. It argues that the peace was no more than a semi-peace. On the one hand, neither France nor Austria could accept the terms of Campo Formio with any finality. Each looked for bastions against the other in Switzerland and Italy. On
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Stubbs, Kevin D. Race to the Front. Praeger, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216004110.

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When war broke out in Europe in 1914, nearly every combatant foresaw a short decisive conflict. Experience would soon prove, however, that this belief was sorely misplaced. Eventually, excessive economic dislocations would topple every authoritarian regime. Only the intervention of the United States would save the British and the French from collapse. This book traces the trilateral struggle between the Entente, the Central Powers, and the United States to determine the outcome of the war. Stubbs focuses on a few essential factors vital to understanding this three-way race: the acquisition of
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Eaton, Kent. When do Subnational Policy Challenges Succeed? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198800576.003.0002.

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This chapter elaborates the book’s theoretical framework by focusing on the three critical variables—structural, institutional, and coalitional—that help explain the outcome of the two types of subnational policy challenges conceptualized in Chapter 1. It argues that a subnational jurisdiction’s structural significance is critical for the ability to influence the national policy regime (the second type of policy challenge), while its institutional capacity is essential for the defense of ideologically deviant subnational policy regimes (the first type of policy challenge). The third variable,
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Eaton, Kent. Subnational Contention in Neoliberal Peru. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198800576.003.0003.

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This chapter argues that, while ideological conflicts over the market in Peru have taken on a sharply territorial logic since the country’s neoliberal turn in 1990, subnational resistance to neoliberalism has been ineffective in the two dimensions conceptualized in this book. According to the argument developed in the first half of the chapter, capacity and coalitional constraints have undermined regional presidents in their attempts to build distinctive subnational policy regimes, including attempted uses of regional zoning authority to regulate mining in ways that would deviate from neoliber
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Hamourtziadou, Lily. Body Count. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529206722.001.0001.

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The need to secure civilians and their fundamental rights has led to the moral imperative to track, record and memorialise the killing and the suffering of those who find themselves in the midst of violent conflict. Body Count tracks and explores civilian deaths in Iraq following the 2003 invasion by the US-led coalition. It is a recounting of the conflict through the counting of its victims. The book provides a narrative of the War on Terror by charting its course and its impact, through ‘live’ reports and through reflective analysis by the principal researcher of the NGO Iraq Body Count. It
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Kubátová, Hana. Christian Nationalism, Nation-Building, and the Making of the Holocaust in Slovakia. Oxford University PressOxford, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/9780198945123.001.0001.

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Abstract Christian Nationalism, Nation-Building, and the Making of the Holocaust in Slovakia exposes the crucial role of Christian nationalism in cultivating popular complicity and collaboration during the Holocaust. It does this by exploring how communal murder and betrayal intersected with nation-building in the newly independent Slovakia during World War II. The authority of the fascist regime centered in Bratislava hinged on appeasing not only Hitler but also civilian populations of the nation’s heterogenous eastern borderlands, especially local elites, such as priests, doctors, and teache
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Eaton, Kent. Territory and Ideology in Latin America. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198800576.001.0001.

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Around the world, familiar ideological conflicts over the market are becoming increasingly territorialized in the form of policy conflicts between national and subnational governments. Thanks to a series of trends such as globalization, democratization, and especially decentralization, subnational governments are now in a position more effectively to challenge the ideological orientation of the national government. This book conceptualizes these challenges as operating in two related but distinct modes. The first stems from elected subnational officials who use their authority, resources, and
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Chaisty, Paul, Nic Cheeseman, and Timothy J. Power. Coalitional Presidentialism in Cross-Regional Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817208.003.0002.

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This chapter introduces the three regions—sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and the Former Soviet Union—and the nine countries—Armenia, Benin, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Kenya, Malawi, Russia, and Ukraine—that provide the empirical material for the book. It introduces the two criteria used for case selection: 1) democratic competitiveness; 2) de jure and de facto constitutional provisions that empower presidents to be coalitional formateurs. It also introduces a variable that measures the salience of cross-party cooperation: the Index of Coalitional Necessity. Finally, it sketches the political
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Roessler, Philip, and Harry Verhoeven. Why Comrades Go to War. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190611354.001.0001.

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In October 1996, a motley crew of ageing Marxists and unemployed youths coalesced to revolt against Mobutu Seso Seko, president of Zaire/Congo since 1965. Backed by a Rwanda-led regional coalition that drew support from Asmara to Luanda, the rebels of the AFDL marched over 1500 kilometers in seven months to crush the dictatorship. To the Congolese rebels and their Pan-Africanist allies, the vanquishing of the Mobutu regime represented nothing short of a “second independence” for Congo and Central Africa as a whole. Within 15 months, however, Central Africa’s “liberation Peace” would collapse,
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Gerstle, Gary. The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197519646.001.0001.

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The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order analyses the history of a political order that emerged in the United States in the 1970s and 1980s, dominated American politics in the 1990s and 2000s, and fractured during the 2010s when Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders rose to prominence. Its power was built on an array of donors, policy entrepreneurs, and politicians that coalesced under Reagan. That coalition overturned the regulatory regime and ideological hegemony of New Deal order that had dominated American politics for forty years and made neoliberalism America’s dominant creed of political eco
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Eaton, Kent. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198800576.003.0001.

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In addition to conceptualizing the two types of subnational policy challenges that are examined in the book, this introductory chapter explores the distinctive possibilities and limitations of subnational neoliberalism and subnational statism as two prominent types of subnational policy regimes. It also examines the causes that have made subnational policy challenges more common around the world today and specifically within Latin America, including globalization, democratization, decentralization, party system collapse, and indigenous mobilization. Next, the chapter assesses the importance of
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Park, Clara. Making Financial Globalization. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197761816.001.0001.

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Abstract Why did financial globalization occur? Finance has traditionally been local and state controlled. However, around the turn of the century, over a hundred countries---even those without comparative advantages in financial services---agreed to open up their financial markets to foreign banks, insurers, and securities firms. Making Financial Globalization offers a novel account of business and politics in which firms engage in multilateral lobbying to create a new international agreement that would lower entry barriers around the world. Firms formed coalitions across industries and count
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Khisa, Moses, ed. Autocratization in Contemporary Uganda. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350323575.

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Autocratization in Contemporary Uganda analyses two interrelated outcomes: autocratisation, manifest in the deepening of personalist rule or Musevenism, and the regime resilience that has made Museveni one of Africa's current-longest surviving rulers. How has this feat been possible, and what has been the trajectory of Museveni’s increasingly autocratic rule? Surveying that trajectory since 1986, the book takes as its primary focus the years since 2005; bringing to the fore the ‘autocratic turn’, placing it within a broader comparative lens, and enriching it with comparative references to case
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Waylen, Georgina. Democracy, Democratization, and Gender. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.383.

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Democracies and the processes surrounding recent transitions to democracy are gendered in a variety of ways. Recently, feminist scholars have questioned the exclusionary ways in which democracy is both theorized and operationalized and how these have resulted in women and men being incorporated into democratic polities. They have demonstrated how processes of democratization, particularly the third wave of democratization that has taken place over the last three decades, are gendered. They have also shown that women’s movements were key actors in the broad opposition coalitions against many no
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Roessler, Philip, and Harry Verhoeven. Liberation, Counter-Revolution and War. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190611354.003.0002.

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This chapter offers a theoretical framework to account for patterns of political change and regionalized civil war between revolutionary and counter-revolutionary forces in Africa. The analytical structure crafted in this chapter does not account for Africa’s Great War but for the critical events that led up to it: the Rwandan genocide, the subsequent spillover into Zaire and the origins of the Pan-Africanist coalition that united to overthrow Mobutu. This chapter thus sets up the puzzle of Africa’s Great War: if the overthrow of Mobutu marked an “end of history moment” for Africa's neo-libera
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Mills, Gus, and Margaret Mills. Kalahari Cheetahs. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198712145.001.0001.

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This book demonstrates how cheetahs are adapted to arid savannahs like the southern Kalahari, and makes comparisons with other areas, especially the Serengeti. Topics dealt with are: demography and genetic status; feeding ecology, i.e. methods used for studying diet, diets of different demographic groups, individual diet specializations of females, prey selection, the impact of cheetah predation on prey populations, activity regimes and distances travelled per day, hunting behaviour, foraging success and energetics; interspecific competition; spatial ecology; reproductive success and the matin
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Keck, Thomas M. The Relationship between Courts and Legislatures. Edited by Lee Epstein and Stefanie A. Lindquist. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579891.013.27.

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This chapter surveys four overlapping contexts in which scholars have examined institutional interactions between U.S. courts and legislatures. First, some have sought to explain when and why judges exercise the power of judicial review by invalidating democratically enacted statutes. Second, “regime politics” scholars have examined the political foundations of judicial power over time, emphasizing that courts have developed, retained, and expanded the authority to alter policy outcomes only because (and to the extent that) governing legislative coalitions have supported these developments. Th
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Godsey, William D. Resilience in the Contest with France, 1792–1815. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809395.003.0011.

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The reformed structures of composite monarchy would serve the Habsburg cause well in the struggle with the highly centralized French state. The Estates again managed the routine structures of ordinary taxation and the imposition of much extraordinary taxation; and they interposed their credit on behalf of the government. The War of the Second Coalition (1799–1801) would be another highpoint in the history of their financial mediation. The Estates helped preserve Habsburg authority during Napoleon’s occupation of Vienna and large swathes of the central lands on two occasions. That the governmen
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McNeil, Bryan T. Fighting Back … Again. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036439.003.0003.

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This chapter introduces Coal River Mountain Watch (CRMW) as an organization and describes its formation, organization and growth over the first five to seven years of its existence. The outrage that greeted mountaintop removal coal mining in the late 1990s was by no means new to the Appalachian region. Time and again conditions of social relations and political and economic domination have given rise to reform movements. Author Stephen Fisher argues that for an enduring social movement to achieve substantive change in Appalachia, it must transcend single issues in ongoing, democratic, membersh
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