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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Controlled atmosphere (CA)”

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Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 1 lutego 2022

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1

Izumi, Hidemi, Nathanee P. Ko, and Alley E. Watada. "Controlled-atmosphere Storage of Shredded Carrots." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 766D—766. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.766d.

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Quality and physiology of carrot shreds were monitored during storage in air, low O2 (0.5%, 1%, and 2%), or high CO2 (3%, 6%, and 10%) at 0, 5, and 10C to evaluate the response to controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage. Oxygen uptake and CO2 production from respiration were reduced under low-O2 or high-CO2 atmosphere, the reduction being greater at lower O2 and higher CO2 levels. The respiratory quotient was about 1 with samples in air, more than 1 in low-O2, and less than 1 in high-CO2 atmosphere during storage at all temperatures. No differences were found in ethylene production, which were less
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2

Faubion, Dana F., Mary Lu Arpaia, F. Gordon Mitchell, and Gene Mayer. "CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE OF `HASS' AVOCADOS." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 599c—599. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.599c.

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Optimum controlled atmosphere (CA) storage conditions were evaluated over a two year period for California-grown `Hass' avocado (Persea americana). Fruit harvests corresponded to early, middle and late season commercial harvests. Various temperatures and CA conditions were tested. The results indicate that the storage life of `Hass' can be extended from 3 to 4 weeks in 5C air, to 9 weeks in 5C CA if they are held in 2% oxygen and 2 to 5% carbon dioxide. Loss of quality as determined by chilling injury expression and flesh softening was greatly reduced in these conditions. Fruit maturity influe
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Blankenship, Sylvia M. "The Effect of Ethylene during Controlled-atmosphere Storage of Bananas." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 638a—638. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.638a.

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Banana fruit respiration rates and quality parameters such as peel color, pulp pH and soluble solids content were examined at 14°C under a number of controlled atmosphere (CA) environments. CA conditions were 1%, 2%, 4%, or 8% oxygen with or without 5% carbon dioxide. Each treatment combination was also done with or without 50 μL·L–1 ethylene added to the atmospheres. Green banana fruit were either gassed with ethylene (triggered) or ungassed. One percent oxygen was too low to consistently give undamaged bananas. The addition of 5% carbon dioxide to the controlled atmosphere increased fruit re
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4

Levin, Martin D. "Shipboard Controlled Atmosphere Plants: Selection, Installation, and Operation." Marine Technology and SNAME News 32, no. 02 (April 1, 1995): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1995.32.2.141.

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The increasing demand for marine transportation of agricultural produce under controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions is leading owners of refrigerated ships to provide permanently installed on-board nitrogen generating plants and atmosphere control systems. The selection of the shipboard CA gas generating plant must take into account the vessel type, the cargoes to be carried, and the range of controlled atmosphere conditions to be achieved for different commodities. The shipboard CA gas generating plant can be situated on the ship's weather deck, installed in the vessel's main or auxiliary mac
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5

Lange, Diana L., and Arthur C. Cameron. "Controlled-atmosphere Storage of Sweet Basil." HortScience 33, no. 4 (July 1998): 741–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.4.741.

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The effect of controlled atmospheres (CA) on the development of injury symptoms and storage life of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cuttings was assessed. Three-node basil stem cuttings were placed in micro-perforated low-density polyethylene packages and stored in the dark at 20 °C in a continuous stream of nitrogen containing the following percentages of O2/CO2:21/0 (air), 21/5, 21/10, 21/15, 21/20, 21/25, 0.5/0, 0.5/5, 1/0, 1.5/0, 2/0, 1/5, 1.5/5, 1.5/7.5, and 1.5/10. Cuttings stored in an atmosphere of <1% O2 developed dark, water-soaked lesions on young tissue after only 3 days. Fift
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6

Mattheis, James, and John K. Fellman. "Impacts of Modified Atmosphere Packaging and Controlled Atmospheres on Aroma, Flavor, and Quality of Horticultural Commodities." HortTechnology 10, no. 3 (January 2000): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.3.507.

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The commercial use of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) technology provides a means to slow the processes of ripening and senescence during storage, transport, and marketing of many fresh fruit and vegetables. The benefits of MAP and controlled atmosphere (CA) technologies for extending postharvest life of many fruit and vegetables have been recognized for many years. Although both technologies have been and continue to be extensively researched, more examples of the impacts of CA on produce quality are available in the literature and many of these reports were used in development of this re
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7

El-Shiekh, Ahmed F., and David H. Picha. "EFFECT OF CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE ON PEACH QUALITY." HortScience 25, no. 8 (August 1990): 854f—854. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.8.854f.

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Peaches stored in air for 40 days at OC developed severe internal breakdown and poor quality after transferring them to 20C to ripen. Comparable fruit stored under controlled atmosphere (1% O2 + 5% CO2) and then ripened at 20C had no breakdown and retained good quality. Fruit stored under CA had less reducing sugars but more sucrose than air stored fruit. Fruit pH increased and titratable acidity decreased over a 40 day storage period. Citric acid increased slightly while malic acid decreased during storage. Little or no differences in overall acidity and individual organic acids existed betwe
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8

Ontai, Stacey L., Robert E. Paull, and Mikal E. Saltveit. "Controlled-atmosphere Storage of Sugar Peas." HortScience 27, no. 1 (January 1992): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.1.39.

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Sugar peas (Pisum sativum var. saccharatum cv. Manoa Sugar) were stored for 14 or 21 days under controlled atmospheres (CA) of 21% or 2.4% O2, plus 0%, 2.6%, or 4.7% CO2 at 10 or 1C. Changes in appearance, weight, and in the concentrations of chlorophyll, total soluble sugars, insoluble solids, and soluble protein were evaluated before and after storage. After 14 days of storage at 10C there were minor changes in all indicators of quality under the various storage conditions, but the appearance of sugar peas was better under CA than under 21% O2. When quality was evaluated after 21 days, howev
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9

Lévesque, P. Guy, Jennifer R. DeEll, and Dennis P. Murr. "Sequential Controlled Atmosphere Storage for `McIntosh' Apples." HortScience 41, no. 5 (August 2006): 1322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.5.1322.

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Sequential decreases or increases in the levels of O2 in controlled atmosphere (CA) were investigated as techniques to improve fruit quality of `McIntosh' apples (Malus ×sylvestris [L.] Mill. var. domestica [Borkh.] Mansf.), a cultivar that tends to soften rapidly in storage. Precooled fruit that were harvested at optimum maturity for long-term storage were placed immediately in different programmed CA regimes. In the first year, CA programs consisted of 1) `standard' CA (SCA; 2.5–3.0% O2 + 2.5% CO2 for the first 30 d, 4.5% CO2 thereafter) at 3 °C for 180 d; 2) low CO2 SCA (2.5–3.0% O2 + 2.5%
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10

Drake, Stephen R. "Elevated Carbon Dioxide Storage of `Anjou' Pears Using Purge-controlled Atmosphere." HortScience 29, no. 4 (April 1994): 299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.4.299.

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`Anjou' pears (Pyrus communis L.) were placed in controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage immediately after harvest (<24 hours) or after a 10-day delay in refrigerated storage, and held there for 9 months at 1C. Oxygen in all atmospheres was 1.5% and CO2 was at either 1% or 3%. Atmospheres in the flow-through system were computer-controlled at ±0.1%. After removal from CA storage, pears were evaluated immediately and after ripening at 21C for 8 days. Pears stored in 3% CO2 were firmer, greener, and displayed less scald, internal breakdown, and stem-end decay than pears stored in 1% CO2. In additi
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11

Watkins, Christopher B., and Jacqueline F. Nock. "Controlled-atmosphere Storage of ‘Honeycrisp’ Apples." HortScience 47, no. 7 (July 2012): 886–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.7.886.

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‘Honeycrisp’ is an apple [Malus xsylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] that can be stored in air for several months, but the flavor becomes bland with prolonged storage. Controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage recommendations have not been made in some growing regions, however, because of the susceptibility of fruit to physiological disorders. In the first year of this study, we stored fruit from six orchards in O2 partial pressures (pO2) of 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 kPa with 1.5 and 3.0 kPa pCO2. In the second year, we stored fruit from three orchards in three storage regimes (2.0/2.0, 3.0
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12

Rattanapanone, Nithiya, Yuen Lee, Tianxia Wu, and Alley E. Watada. "Quality and Microbial Changes of Fresh-cut Mango Cubes Held in Controlled Atmosphere." HortScience 36, no. 6 (October 2001): 1091–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.36.6.1091.

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The marketable period of fresh-cut `Tommy Atkins' and `Kent' mango cubes was 3 to 5 days at 10 °C and 5 to 8 days at 5 °C. The marketable period was extended by 1 to 2 days when cubes were held in a 4 kPa O2 + 10 kPa CO2 or 2 kPa O2 + 10 kPa CO2 (balance N2) atmospheres, depending on cultivar and temperature. Variations in texture (shear force), pH, and soluble solids were greater among cubes from different mango lots than among cubes held at different temperatures or atmospheres. Yeast count increased more with time than did the total mesophilic aerobic count, and the increase was less under
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13

Nakata, Yuji, and Hidemi Izumi. "Microbiological and Quality Responses of Strawberry Fruit to High CO2 Controlled Atmosphere and Modified Atmosphere Storage." HortScience 55, no. 3 (March 2020): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci14771-19.

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‘Minomusume’ strawberries were stored in high CO2 atmospheres (20%, 30%, and 40%) by means of a controlled atmosphere (CA) and active modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for 10 days at 5 °C. The CA of 20% to 40% CO2 was effective in delaying an increase in fungal count and preventing the external formation of mold mycelia, but a CA of >30% CO2 induced black discoloration on the surface of strawberry due to CO2 injury. When strawberry fruit were stored in a MAP flushed with either air or high CO2, all packages approached an equilibrium of ≈20% CO2 and 2% O2 by the end of storage. Fungal coun
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14

STEFFENS, CRISTIANO ANDRÉ, CASSANDRO V. T. DO AMARANTE, ERLANI O. ALVES, and AURI BRACKMANN. "Fruit quality preservation of 'Laetitia' plums under controlled atmosphere storage." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 86, no. 1 (March 2014): 485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420130237.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of controlled atmosphere (CA) on quality preservation of ‘Laetitia’ plums, mainly on internal breakdown, in order to determine the best CA storage conditions. Two experiments were carried out one in 2010, and another in 2011. In 2010, besides cold storage (CS; 21.0 kPa O2 + 0.03 kPa CO2), the fruits were stored under the following CA conditions (kPa O2+kPa CO2): 1+3, 1+5, 2+5, 2+10, and 11+10. In 2011, the fruits were stored under CS and CA of 1+0, 1+1, 2+1, and 2+2. The fruit stored under different CA conditions had lower respiration and
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15

Drake, S. R., and S. K. Ivanov. "QUALITY ENHANCEMENT OF APPLES USING SHORT TERM CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE STORAGE." HortScience 27, no. 12 (December 1992): 1261a—1261. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.12.1261a.

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In 1989 and 1990, `Golden Delicious' apples from controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage (1% O2; 3% CO2) averaged 8.5 N firmer after 30 days and 13.5 N firmer after 60 days of storage than apples from regular-atmosphere (RA) storage. After 7 days of ambient storage, `Golden Delicious' apples from CA storage were 10.3 N firmer than apples from RA storage. Little change in color was evident in `Golden Delicious' apples from CA storage after 30 or 60 days, but a distinct increase in yellow color was evident in apples from RA storage after only 30 days. The quality (color, firmness, and acidity) of `Go
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16

Graell, J., M. L. Lopez, T. Fuentes, G. Echeverría, and I. Lara. "Quality and Volatile Emission Changes of `Mondial Gala' Apples during On-tree Maturation and Postharvest Storage in Air or Controlled Atmosphere." Food Science and Technology International 14, no. 3 (June 2008): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013208094119.

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Starch index (SI), color, firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids content (SSC), ethylene production, and aroma volatile emission were recorded weekly during on-tree maturation of `Mondial Gala' apples. Fruit were harvested on commercial date and held for 3.5 and 6.5 months in regular atmosphere (RA) or in three controlled atmospheres (CA) (2% O2 :2% CO2, 1% O2 : 1 % CO2 and 1% O2 :3% CO2). After each storage period plus 0 and 7 days at 20 °C, color, firmness, TA, SSC, aroma volatile emission, acetaldehyde and ethanol concentrations, and sensory acceptability were evaluated. At orcha
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17

Rushing, James W. "513 Simulated Shipment of Fresh-market Tomatoes Utilizing Controlled Atmosphere." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 483C—483. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.483c.

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Mature-green fresh-market tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were held at 11 °C under controlled atmosphere (CA) at 4% O2 and 4% CO2 in a commercial intermodal shipping container equipped with a membrane-based nitrogen-generating CA system. After 4 weeks, tomatoes in CA had 11.9% decay compared to 46.4% decay in control samples held at the same temperature under normal atmosphere. During storage, color development in controls progressed from green to the light red stage in more than 50% of the fruit and only 4.5% remained green after 4 weeks. In contrast, CA stored samples had 25.7% of t
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Smith, Richard B. "Controlled Atmosphere Storage of `Redcoat' Strawberry Fruit." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117, no. 2 (March 1992): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.117.2.260.

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Strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Redcoat were stored at several temperatures and for various intervals in controlled atmospheres (CA) containing 0% to 18% CO2 and 15% to 21% 02. Bioyield point forces recorded on the CA-stored fresh fruit indicated that the addition of CO2 to the storage environment enhanced fruit firmness. Fruit kept under 15% CO2 for 18 hours was 48% firmer than untreated samples were initially. Response to increasing CO2 concentrations was linear. There was no response to changing 02 concentrations. Maximum enhancement of firmness was achieved at a fruit temperat
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Leyte, Jerry C., and Charles F. Forney. "Controlled Atmosphere Tents for Storing Fresh Commodities in Conventional Refrigerated Rooms." HortTechnology 9, no. 4 (January 1999): 672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.4.672.

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A plastic tent was designed and constructed for the controlled atmosphere (CA) storage of small quantities of fresh produce. The CA tent is suspended from pallet racking in a standard cold room and can hold two standard pallets stacked 6 feet high with produce. Tents are sealed with two air tight zippers and a small water trough, resulting in an airtight chamber that successfully maintains CA storage environments. The CA tents are easily set up and removed to allow flexibility in use of storage space. To provide efficient use of storage space tents can be stacked two or three high on pallet ra
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Aharoni, Yair, Azica Copel, and Elazar Fallik. "Storing `Galia' Melons in a Controlled Atmosphere with Ethylene Absorbent." HortScience 28, no. 7 (July 1993): 725–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.7.725.

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The quality of `Galia' melons (Cucumis melo pv. reticulates) stored in a controlled atmosphere (CA) of 10% CO2 plus 10% O2 with ethylene absorbent (EA) for 14 days at 6C and an additional 6 days at 20C was significantly better than that of control fruit or fruit stored in CA only. Fruit stored in CA plus EA were firmer and exhibited less decay than fruit from the other two treatments.
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Drake, S. R. "Short-term Controlled Atmosphere Storage Improved Quality of Several Apple Cultivars." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 118, no. 4 (July 1993): 486–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.118.4.486.

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Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage for 30 or 60 days reduced quality losses for `Jonagold', `Golden Delicious', `Delicious', `Granny Smith', and `Fuji' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). After 30 days `Jonagold' and `Golden Delicious' from CA were firmer, had higher acidity, and were less yellow (more green) than apples from regular atmosphere (RA) storage. `Delicious' and `Granny Smith' were firmer after 60 days of CA storage than fruit from RA. In addition, `Granny Smith' from CA had more acid and were greener than apples from RA. After 8 days of ambient storage, little loss in firmness and no
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Martínez-Morales, Arturo, Iran Alia-Tejacal*, María-Teresa Colinas-León, and María-Teresa Martínez-Damián. "Storage of Zapote Mamey Fruit under Controlled Atmosphere." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 806A—806. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.806a.

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Zapote mamey fruit (Pouteria sapota) has a great potential for exportation, due to its organoleptic characteristics, however, very little is known about harvest technologies to increase its shelf life. So in this research, zapote mamey fruit from two harvest dates in the same year, were stored at 12 °C [95% relative humidity (RH)] for 14, 21, and 28 days under controlled atmospheres (10% or 5% CO2 + 5% O2 with balance of nitrogen), in addition, two groups of fruit were stored at the same temperature and time intervals, but with no controlled atmosphere (CA). Variables considered were: CO2 and
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Lallu, N., J. Burdon, D. Billing, D. Burmeister, C. Yearsley, S. Osman, M. Wang, A. Gunson, and H. Young. "Effect of Carbon Dioxide Removal Systems on Volatile Profiles and Quality of `Hayward' Kiwifruit Stored in Controlled Atmosphere Rooms." HortTechnology 15, no. 2 (January 2005): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.2.0253.

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There are three main systems for the removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) from controlled atmosphere (CA) stores: activated carbon (AC) scrubber, hydrated lime scrubber, and nitrogen (N2) flushing. Each system is likely to have a different effect on the accumulation of volatiles other than CO2 in the store atmosphere, and these volatiles may influence the storage performance of the produce. `Hayward' kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) were stored at 0 °C (32.0 °F) under 2% oxygen (O2) and 5% CO2 in CA rooms fitted with one of the three systems. In a fourth CA room, fruit were stored at 0 °C under air
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Ahumada, Miguel H., Elizabeth J. Mitcham, and Denise G. Moore. "Postharvest Quality of `Thompson Seedless' Grapes after Insecticidal Controlled Atmosphere Treatments." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 792A—792. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.792a.

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Nonfumigated `Thompson Seedless' table grapes were stored in air or one of four atmospheres: 0.5% O2 and 35% CO2; 0.5% O2 and 45% CO2; 0.5% O2 and 55% CO2; and 100% CO2. Grapes were stored at 5C and 20C for 6 and 4.5 days, respectively. The fruit were evaluated for weight loss, berry firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, berry shattering, rachis browning, berry browning, and volatiles (acetaldehyde and ethanol). Fruit quality was not affected at 5C; however, at 20C, controlled atmosphere (CA) treatments had a detrimental effect on rachis browning and soluble solids. CA at both temperat
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Baxter, Lawford, and Luther Waters. "Chemical Changes in Okra Stored in Air and Controlled Atmosphere." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 115, no. 3 (May 1990): 452–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.115.3.452.

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Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) pods stored In a controlled atmosphere (CA) of 5% O2 and 10% CO2 at 11 ± 1C and in air at the same temperature (RA) were compared to determine the effects of the two storage environments on changes in sugars, organic acids, proteins and amino acids, and ascorbic acid contents within the tissue. Pods were sampled at 3-day intervals for 12 days. CA-stored pods generally had greater retention of sugars, soluble proteins, and amino acids than RA-stored pods. Citric, malic, and ascorbic acids contents of CA pods also declined more slowly than those of RA pods
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Izumi, Hidemi, Tetsuya Nakatani, and Hiroki Ogikubo. "364 Controlled-Atmosphere Storage of Fresh-cut Spinach at Various Temperatures." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 506C—506. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.506c.

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`Sunbest' spinach leaves were stored in air or controlled atmosphere (CA) containing 3%, 6%, and 10% CO2 combined with 0.5% O2 at 0, 10 and 20 °C. Carbon dioxide production and O2 consumption of spinach leaves decreased in CA by about 50%, 40%, and 65% relative to those in air at 0, 10 and 20 °C, respectively. The rates in the different CA were similar. The respiratory quotient (RQ) of spinach leaves held in CA was slightly higher than that held in air at 0 and 20 °C. CA inhibited the growth of aerobic mesophilic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria at all temperatures, with the inhibition being
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Eris, A., M. Özgür, M. H. Özer, H. Çopur, and J. Henze. "A RESEARCH ON THE CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE (CA) STORAGE OF LETTUCE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 368 (July 1994): 786–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1994.368.93.

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Walter, Virginia R., Mark D. Shelton, and Richard A. Cavaletto. "CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON APHIDS AND WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS ON FLORAL PRODUCTS." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 554g—555. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.554g.

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Shipments of floral products to Pacific rim markets must meet stringent pest-free requirements. Conventional fumigation methods with methyl bromide will soon become unavailable. Studies show that controlled atmosphere (CA) environments can offer effective insect control. Currently, CA overseas marine shipping is occuring with fresh fruits and vegetables. These shipments use microprocessors to precisely control O2, CO2, temperature and relative humidity. This study is evaluating similar commercial shipments with fresh flowers and foliage under low temperature and low O2 and high CO2 atmospheres
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Pace, Bernardo, Maria Cefola, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Berardo Sciscio, Antonio Sacchetti, Massimiliano Siliberti, Paolo Laforgia, et al. "Shipping container equipped with controlled atmosphere: Case study on table grape." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 51, no. 1 (March 16, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2020.954.

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A prototype of shipping container equipped with controlled atmosphere (CA) system (CA-prototype), was used for the simulation of the cold transport of table grapes (cv Italia). The CAprototype was realised by IFAC SPA, within the Research Project Continnova. It is equipped with a cooling system in order to work at a temperature between –20°C and +15°C. The CA management is realised through the control system and the connections with the remote application. The experimental simulation of the cold transport was realised putting 20 boxes of table grapes inside the CA-prototype (set at 20% O2 + 10
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Giehl, Ricardo Fabiano Hettwer, Ivan Sestari, Ana Cristina Eisermann, and Auri Brackmann. "Thidiazuron affects the quality of 'Gala' apples stored under controlled atmosphere." Ciência Rural 40, no. 4 (April 2010): 813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782010000400011.

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This work was carried out aiming to evaluate the effect of thidiazuron (TDZ) on the quality of 'Gala' apples stored under controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions. Plants were sprayed at full bloom with TDZ at 0, 10, 20, or 40g ha-1 (a.i.). Harvested fruits were then stored in CA with 1.0+2.5, 1.5+2.5 and 1.5+5.0 (kPa O2+kPa CO2), both at 0.5°C. In addition, the partial pressure of 1.5kPa of O2+2.5kPa of CO2 was also evaluated at -0.5°C. Higher flesh firmness and titratable acidity was obtained by applying 20 or 40g ha-1 TDZ. Furthermore, these TDZ doses decreased the respiration rate as well as
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31

Leyte, Jerry C., and Charles F. Forney. "390 Controlled-Atmosphere Tents for Storage of Fresh Blueberries in Conventional Refrigerated Rooms." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 511B—511. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.511b.

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A plastic tent was designed and constructed for the controlled atmosphere (CA) storage of fresh blueberries. The CA tent was suspended from pallet racking in a standard cold room and held two standard pallets stacked 6 feet high with flats of packaged blueberries. The tent was sealed with two air-tight zippers and a small water trough, resulting in an air-tight chamber that successfully maintained CA storage environments. The CA tent was easily set up and removed to allow flexibility in use of storage space. To provide efficient use of storage space, tents could be stacked two or three high on
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32

Kweon, Hun-Joong, Dong Geun Choi, Jinwook Lee, and In-Kyu Kang. "Fruit Quality Characteristics of 'Fuji' Apple Fruits in Response to Air Storage after CA Storage." Korean Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 32, no. 2 (April 30, 2014): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7235/hort.2014.13110.

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Greene, George M., Alvan G. Gaus, and Laura J. Lehman. "WORLD'S LARGEST, SMALL CHAMBER, RECIRCULATING, CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE (CA) STORAGE RESEARCH FACILITY." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1092e—1092. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1092e.

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A grant from the Pa. Dept. of Agriculture has allowed Penn State University to increase postharvest physiology research of fruit, vegetables, and mushrooms. One part of this program is a CA storage research facility described herein. An insulated pole barn (26m × 18m with 5m ceilings) houses the facility. Three coolers (6m × 7m with 10cm insulation) provide environmental control for the CA systems (-2 to 10C ±0.5C). A laboratory within the building (6m × 7m × 3m) provides space for product evaluation and for CA control equipment. A total of 239 steel drums (208-liter), fitted with 28 cm round
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34

Gong, Yiping, Peter M. A. Toivonen, O. L. Lau, and Paul A. Wiersma. "130 Response of Anaerobic Metabolism to Delaying Controlled Atmosphere Storage in Braeburn Apples." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 411E—411. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.411e.

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Apple fruits (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Braeburn) harvested from two orchards (A and B) on the same day were stored in air or pretreated in air for 0, 2 (2dCA) or 4 weeks (4dCA) before moving into controlled atmosphere (CA) storage with 1.5% O2 + 5% CO2. During storage at 1 °C for 9 weeks in air and/or CA, changes of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) activity, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity, acetaldehyde (AA) and ethanol (EtOH) concentrations in flesh tissue were assayed in addition to the incidence of Braeburn browning disorder (BBD). Immediate introduction to CA conditions induced the deve
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35

Al-Redhaiman, K. N. "Chemical Changes during Storage of 'Barhi' Dates under Controlled Atmosphere Conditions." HortScience 40, no. 5 (August 2005): 1413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.5.1413.

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Mature 'Barhi' dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) were stored in air or under controlled atmosphere (CA) storage conditions with 5%, 10%, or 20% carbon dioxide concentrations (balance air) during storage at 0 °C. CA conditions extended date storability by maintaining fruit quality. Fruit quality was maintained for 26 weeks when stored in 20% CO2, 17 weeks in both 5% and 10% CO2, and 7 weeks in air. Treatment with 20% CO2 maintained fruit color, firmness, SSC%, total sugar content, and total tannins. CO2 treatment also reduced degradation of caffeoylshikimic acid (CSA), which is one of the major ph
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36

Saftner, Robert A., Judith A. Abbott, William S. Conway, Cynthia L. Barden, and Bryan T. Vinyard. "Instrumental and Sensory Quality Characteristics of 'Gala' Apples in Response to Prestorage Heat, Controlled Atmosphere, and Air Storage." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127, no. 6 (November 2002): 1006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.127.6.1006.

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Fruit quality, sensory characteristics, and volatiles produced by 'Gala' apples (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) were characterized following regular atmosphere (RA) storage without and with a prestorage heat treatment (38 °C for 4 days) or controlled atmosphere (CA) storage at 0 and 2 °C for 0 to 6 months plus 7-day shelf life at 20 °C. Static CA conditions were 0.7 kPa O2 plus 1.0 kPa CO2, 1.0 kPa O2 plus 1.0 kPa CO2, and 1.5 kPa O2 plus 2.5 kPa CO2. Most of the more abundant volatiles were esters; the rest were alcohols, an aldehyde, a ketone, and an aryl ether. Respiration and ethylene production
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37

Iyoki, S., K. Shiomi, and T. Uemura. "HYO-ON CA STORAGE (CONTROLLED FREEZING POINT AND CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE) OF CHICKEN MEAT." Acta Horticulturae, no. 600 (March 2003): 499–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2003.600.74.

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38

Burdon, Jeremy, David Billing, and Paul Pidakala. "Avoiding Chilling Damage in ‘Hass’ Avocado Fruit by Controlled Atmosphere Storage at Higher Temperature." HortScience 52, no. 8 (August 2017): 1107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12070-17.

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Sea-freight distribution of ‘Hass’ avocado (Persea americana) is by refrigerated containers, sometimes supplemented by controlled atmosphere (CA). With both refrigeration and CA prolonging the storage life of the fruit, there is a question as to whether the technologies can be traded. That is, by using CA at warmer temperatures to extend storage without the risk of chilling damage. In this project, the potential to avoid chilling damage by storing fruit at 7 °C in 2% O2/2% CO2 CA instead of 5 °C in 2% O2/2% CO2 CA or air has been investigated for fruit stored for 4 or 6 weeks. Increasing the s
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39

Park, Yong Seo, Clara Pelayo, Betty Hess-Pierce, and Adel A. Kader. "409 Controlled-Atmosphere Storage of `Shinko' and `Shinsui' Asian Pears." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 514D—514. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.514d.

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`Shinko' and `Shinsui' Asian pears were kept in air, 2 kPa O2, 2 kPa O2 + 2.5 kPa CO2, and 2 kPa O2 + 5 kPa CO2 (balance N2 in each treatment) at 0 °C or 5 °C for up to 24 weeks. The three CA treatments reduced respiration (O2 consumption) and ethylene production rates relative to air control pears; these rates were higher at 5 °C than at 0 °C and higher for `Shinsui' than for `Shinko' pears. While `Shinsui' pears had a climacteric pattern of respiration and ethylene production rates, `Shinko' pears produced very small quantities of ethylene and exhibited a non-climacteric respiratory pattern.
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40

Lehman, Laura J., and George M. Greene. "DELAYS IN REFRIGERATION AND CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE (CA) STORAGE ALTER APPLE QUALITY." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 593c—593. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.593c.

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A two year study of `Golden Delicious' and `York Imperial' apple responses to delayed cooling and CA storage imposition after harvest was completed in 1991. Apples from six to eight commercial orchards were harvested at an acceptable maturity level for long-term storage, subjected to a delay in refrigeration (0,3, or 6 days) followed by a delay in CA storage imposition (0,14, or 28 days), and then stored at 0°c, 2.4% oxygen, and 1.6% carbon dioxide for up to eight months. Fruit acidity, soluble solids content, bitter pit incidence, scald, internal breakdown, and the development of low oxygen i
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41

Bai, Jinhe, Elizabeth A. Baldwin, Kevin L. Goodner, James P. Mattheis, and Jeffrey K. Brecht. "Response of Four Apple Cultivars to 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatment and Controlled Atmosphere Storage." HortScience 40, no. 5 (August 2005): 1534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.5.1534.

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Apples [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf. (`Gala', `Delicious', `Granny Smith' and `Fuji')], pretreated or nontreated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, 0.6 to 1.0 μL·L–1 for 18 hours at 20 °C), were stored in controlled atmosphere (CA, 1 to 1.5 kPa O2; 1 to 2 kPa CO2) or in regular atmosphere (RA) for up to 8 months at 1 °C. Firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids content (SSC), and volatile abundance were analyzed every month directly or after transfer to air at 20 °C for 1 week to determine effect of 1-MCP, storage atmosphere and storage time on apple qualit
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42

Radek, Aulicky, Kolar Vlastimil, Plachy Jan, and Stejskal Vaclav. "Field efficacy of brief exposure of adults of six storage pests to nitrogen-controlled atmospheres." Plant Protection Science 53, No. 3 (May 28, 2017): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/136/2016-pps.

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The efficacy of a brief exposure (1, 7, and 10 days) to a nitrogen-controlled atmosphere (N-CA) for major storage<br />pests in a field validation study in the Czech Republic is reported. The main goal was to estimate how quickly the<br />mobile adult stages of six species of storage beetles (Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Tribolium<br />confusum, Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus granarius, and Sitophilus oryzae) are killed after introduction of the<br />infested commodity to prevent their further spread to the surrounding storage bins. The trials w
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43

Harrison, Mike, and Peter Herlihy. "Controlled Atmosphere Systems for Marine Vessels." Marine Technology and SNAME News 32, no. 02 (April 1, 1995): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1995.32.2.147.

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Controlled atmosphere (CA) preservation of perishable fruit and vegetables represents new opportunities for today's reefer operators. This technology affords the carrier an efficient and economical method of introducing and maintaining a low oxygen atmosphere that, when used in conjunction with temperature control, can significantly enhance the preservation of fruit and vegetables. Improved product quality, new markets, and reduced product losses are benefits realized through the use of hollow fiber membrane air separation technology. Seasonal products, which may be unavailable because of the
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44

Plotto, Anne, Mina R. McDaniel, and James P. Mattheis. "Characterization of `Gala' Apple Aroma and Flavor: Differences between Controlled Atmosphere and Air Storage." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 124, no. 4 (July 1999): 416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.124.4.416.

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Aroma and flavor characters of `Gala' apples [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf. `Gala'] were identified by 10 trained panelists. A vocabulary of 13 aroma descriptors and 16 flavor descriptors were used to characterize changes in controlled atmosphere (CA) and air, or regular atmosphere (RA) storage over 20 weeks. When compared with RA storage, the intensity of fruity (pear, banana, and strawberry) and floral descriptors decreased after 10 weeks in CA for whole and cut fruit aroma and flavor. During the entire storage period under CA, aroma of cut apples retained high v
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45

Drake, S. R., and T. A. Eisele. "Influence of Harvest Date and Controlled Atmosphere Storage Delay on the Color and Quality of `Delicious' Apples Stored in a Purge-type Controlled-atmosphere Environment." HortTechnology 4, no. 3 (July 1994): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.4.3.260.

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Red color of two strains of `Delicious' apples was increased (25%) by a 10-day delay beyond recommended harvest date for long-term controlled atmosphere (CA) storage. Soluble solids content (SSC) and size also increased, but, depending on strain, up to 12% of firmness was lost at harvest with a 10-day delay. In 2 of 3 years, firmness values in all strains were 73 N or greater, and these fruit lost little firmness during 9 months of CA storage. Soft fruit (<63 N) at harvest resulted in unacceptable firmness after storage, regardless of harvest time or strain of `Delicious'. Immediate (<24
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46

Baxter, Lawford, and Luther Waters. "Controlled Atmosphere Effects on Physical Changes and Ethylene Evolution in Harvested Okra." HortScience 25, no. 1 (January 1990): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.1.92.

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Pods of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) stored in an atmosphere of 5% O2 and 10% CO2 at 10 ± 1C were compared with pods stored in air at the same temperature to determine the effects of storage environment on physical characteristics and ethylene evolution of the pods. Controlled-atmosphere-(CA) stored pods lost less weight, retained total solids and chlorophyll better, and had a higher mucilage viscosity than air-stored pods. Toughness, fibrousness, and incidence of microbial decay were lower in CA-stored pods than in air-stored pods. No differences were seen in the levels of alcohol-
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47

Bender, R. J., J. K. Brecht, D. J. Huber, and S. A. Sargent. "Low-temperature, Controlled-atmosphere Storage of Tree-ripe `Keitt' Mangoes." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 604d—604. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.604d.

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Tree-ripe `Tommy Atkins' mangoes were not injured during storage in controlled atmospheres (CA) for 21 days at 8°C, and the fruit resumed ripening after transfer to air at 20°C (Bender et al., 1995). In our study, tree-ripe `Keitt' mangoes were stored at 5 and 8°C in either 10% or 25% CO2 combined with 5% O2 with control fruit maintained in air. Control fruit had higher percentages of electrolyte leakage than CO2-treated fruit at transfer from the CA and after 3 days in air at 20°C. Fruit stored in 25% CO2 at 5°C had significantly higher concentrations of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
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Kawhena, Tatenda Gift, Olaniyi Amos Fawole, and Umezuruike Linus Opara. "Application of Dynamic Controlled Atmosphere Technologies to Reduce Incidence of Physiological Disorders and Maintain Quality of ‘Granny Smith’ Apples." Agriculture 11, no. 6 (May 26, 2021): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11060491.

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The efficacy of dynamic controlled atmosphere technologies; repeated low oxygen stress (RLOS) and dynamic controlled atmosphere-chlorophyll fluorescence (DCA-CF) to control superficial scald development on ‘Granny Smith’ apples during long-term storage was studied. Fruit were stored for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 months at 0 °C in DCA-CF (0.6% O2 and 0.8% CO2), regular atmosphere (RA)(≈21% O2 and 90–95% RH), and RLOS treatments: (1) 0.5% O2 for 10 d followed by ultra-low oxygen (ULO) (0.9% O2 and 0.8% CO2) for 21 d and 0.5% O2 for 7 d or (2) 0.5% O2 for 10 d followed by controlled atmosphere (CA) (1.5
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Yahia, Elbadi M., and Marisela Rivera Dominguez. "136 DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY (DSC) OF AVOCADO AND MANGO FRUITS STORED IN AN INSECTICIDAL ATMOSPHERE." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 448b—448. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.448b.

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Modified and controlled atmospheres with ≤ 0.5% O2 and/or ≥ 50% CO2 are insecticidal. In previous studies we have found that avocado is very sensitive and mango is very tolerant to these atmospheres. We used DSC to study the differences in response between these two fruits, and to relate that with their sensitivity/tolerance to hypoxia. Fresh or lyophilized tissues of fruits stored in air or in an insecticidal atmosphere were scanned at a temperature range of 10 to 145°C at a rate of 10°C/min. There were qualitative and quantitative differences between thermograms. There were fewer endotherms
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50

Sidhu, Harwinder Singh, Juan Carlos Díaz-Pérez, and Daniel MacLean. "Controlled Atmosphere Storage for Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.): Benefits over Regular Air Storage." HortScience 54, no. 6 (June 2019): 1061–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13796-19.

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Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage has been observed to prolong the shelf life of fresh produce. The objective of this study was to determine whether CA storage performed better than regular air (RA) storage in maintaining fruit quality of six pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars grown in the state of Georgia. Pomegranate fruit produced in Ty Ty, GA in 2010 and 2011 were stored in CA [5% CO2 + 3% O2, 5 °C, 90% to 95% relative humidity (RH)] or RA (5 °C, 90% to 95% RH) for 3 months. Pomegranate whole fruit and juice were evaluated for various physical and chemical attributes at the end of
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