Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Coran – Chronologie

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Coran – Chronologie”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 11 lutego 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Coran – Chronologie"

Reynolds, Gabriel Said. "Le problème de la chronologie du Coran." Arabica 58, no. 6 (2011): 477–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005811x587903.

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Abstract This study challenges the widespread scholarly assumption that the Qurʾān can only be properly understood when its suras are assigned to a chronological order based on the traditional biography of the Prophet. The first section of the study addresses the origins of this assumption, beginning with Islamic tradition and its reception in the XIXth century works of Gustav Weil and Theodor Nöldeke. The second section involves a critique of more recent defenses of the idea of a Quranic chronology. The third and final section of the article illustrates the problem of this idea by way of a comparison with scholarship on the Psalms.

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Shervette, Virginia R., Katherine E. Overly та Jesús M. Rivera Hernández. "Radiocarbon in otoliths of tropical marine fishes: Reference Δ14C chronology for north Caribbean waters". PLOS ONE 16, № 5 (2021): e0251442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251442.

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Reef fishes support important fisheries throughout the Caribbean, but a combination of factors in the tropics makes otolith microstructure difficult to interpret for age estimation. Therefore, validation of ageing methods, via application of Δ14C is a major research priority. Utilizing known-age otolith material from north Caribbean fishes, we determined that a distinct regional Δ14C chronology exists, differing from coral-based chronologies compiled for ageing validation from a wide-ranging area of the Atlantic and from an otolith-based chronology from the Gulf of Mexico. Our north Caribbean Δ14C chronology established a decline series with narrow prediction intervals that proved successful in ageing validation of three economically important reef fish species. In examining why our north Caribbean Δ14C chronology differed from some of the coral-based Δ14C data reported from the region, we determined differences among study objectives and research design impact Δ14C temporal relationships. This resulted in establishing the first of three important considerations relevant to applying Δ14C chronologies for ageing validation: 1) evaluation of the applicability of original goal/objectives and study design of potential Δ14C reference studies. Next, we determined differences between our Δ14C chronology and those from Florida and the Gulf of Mexico were explained by differences in regional patterns of oceanic upwelling, resulting in the second consideration for future validation work: 2) evaluation of the applicability of Δ14C reference data to the region/location where fish samples were obtained. Lastly, we emphasize the application of our north Caribbean Δ14C chronology should be limited to ageing validation studies of fishes from this region known to inhabit shallow water coral habitat as juveniles. Thus, we note the final consideration to strengthen findings of future age validation studies: 3) use of Δ14C analysis for age validation should be limited to species whose juvenile habitat is known to reflect the regional Δ14C reference chronology.

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Hughen, Konrad A., Jonathan T. Overpeck, Scott J. Lehman, Michaele Kashgarian, John R. Southon, and Larry C. Peterson. "A New 14C Calibration Data Set for the Last Deglaciation Based on Marine Varves." Radiocarbon 40, no. 1 (1997): 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200018361.

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Varved sediments of the tropical Cariaco Basin provide a new 14C calibration data set for the period of deglaciation (10,000 to 14,500 years before present: 10–14.5 cal ka bp). Independent evaluations of the Cariaco Basin calendar and 14C chronologies were based on the agreement of varve ages with the GISP2 ice core layer chronology for similar high-resolution paleoclimate records, in addition to 14C age agreement with terrestrial 14C dates, even during large climatic changes. These assessments indicate that the Cariaco Basin 14C reservoir age remained stable throughout the Younger Dryas and late Allerød climatic events and that the varve and 14C chronologies provide an accurate alternative to existing calibrations based on coral U/Th dates. The Cariaco Basin calibration generally agrees with coral-derived calibrations but is more continuous and resolves century-scale details of 14C change not seen in the coral records. 14C plateaus can be identified at 9.6, 11.4, and 11.7 14C ka bp, in addition to a large, sloping “plateau” during the Younger Dryas (∼10 to 11 14C ka bp). Accounting for features such as these is crucial to determining the relative timing and rates of change during abrupt global climate changes of the last deglaciation.

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Richaudeau, François. "Fragments d'une chronologie de la lecture ou la longue marche vers la connaissance." Communication et langages 84, no. 1 (1990): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/colan.1990.2220.

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Comboul, M., J. Emile-Geay, M. N. Evans, N. Mirnateghi, K. M. Cobb, and D. M. Thompson. "A probabilistic model of chronological errors in layer-counted climate proxies: applications to annually banded coral archives." Climate of the Past 10, no. 2 (2014): 825–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-825-2014.

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Abstract. The ability to precisely date climate proxies is central to the reconstruction of past climate variations. To a degree, all climate proxies are affected by age uncertainties, which are seldom quantified. This article proposes a probabilistic age model for proxies based on layer-counted chronologies, and explores its use for annually banded coral archives. The model considers both missing and doubly counted growth increments (represented as independent processes), accommodates various assumptions about error rates, and allows one to quantify the impact of chronological uncertainties on different diagnostics of variability. In the case of a single coral record, we find that time uncertainties primarily affect high-frequency signals but also significantly bias the estimate of decadal signals. We further explore tuning to an independent, tree-ring-based chronology as a way to identify an optimal age model. A synthetic pseudocoral network is used as testing ground to quantify uncertainties in the estimation of spatiotemporal patterns of variability. Even for small error rates, the amplitude of multidecadal variability is systematically overestimated at the expense of interannual variability (El Niño–Southern Oscillation, or ENSO, in this case), artificially flattening its spectrum at periods longer than 10 years. An optimization approach to correct chronological errors in coherent multivariate records is presented and validated in idealized cases, though it is found difficult to apply in practice due to the large number of solutions. We close with a discussion of possible extensions of this model and connections to existing strategies for modeling age uncertainties.

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Comboul, M., J. Emile-Geay, M. N. Evans, N. Mirnateghi, K. M. Cobb, and D. M. Thompson. "A probabilistic model of chronological errors in layer-counted climate proxies: applications to annually-banded coral archives." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 5 (2013): 6077–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-6077-2013.

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Abstract. The ability to precisely date climate proxies is central to the reconstruction of past climate variations. To a degree, all climate proxies are affected by age uncertainties, which are seldom quantified. This article proposes a probabilistic age model for proxies based on layer-counted chronologies, and explores its use for annually-banded coral archives. The model considers both missing and doubly-counted growth increments (represented as independent processes), accommodates various assumptions about error rates, and allows to quantify the impact of chronological uncertainties on different diagnostics of variability. In one dimension, we find that time uncertainties primarily affect high-frequency signals but also significantly bias the estimate of decadal signals. We further explore tuning to an independent, tree-ring based chronology as a way to identify an optimal age model. In the multivariate case, a synthetic pseudocoral network is used as testing ground to quantify uncertainties in the estimation of spatiotemporal patterns of variability. Even for small error rates, the amplitude of multidecadal variability is systematically overestimated at the expense of interannual variability (ENSO, in this case), artificially flattening its spectrum at periods longer than 10 yr. An approach to correct chronological errors in coherent multivariate records is presented and validated in idealized cases, though it is found difficult to apply in practice due to the large size of the solution space. We end with a discussion of possible extensions of this model and connections to existing strategies for modeling age uncertainties.

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YOUNG, MATTHEW A. L., SIMON FOALE, and DAVID R. BELLWOOD. "The last marine wilderness: spearfishing for trophy fishes in the Coral Sea." Environmental Conservation 43, no. 1 (2015): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892915000272.

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SUMMARYIsolation can provide marine ecosystems with a refuge from human impacts. However, information on the biodiversity, ecology and fisheries of remote regions is often sparse. The proposed Coral Sea Marine Reserve could create one of the world's largest and most remote marine parks, yet little information is available to inform discussions. Fish captures from the Coral Sea and adjacent Great Barrier Reef (GBR) were assessed from reports contained in a chronology of spearfishing publications from 1953 to 2009, and reveal for the first time the history of recreational spearfishing in the Coral Sea. Although the area is perceived as relatively untouched, the data indicate that spearfishers have frequented Coral Sea reefs for at least 43 years and reported captures have increased exponentially. Post-1993 trophy captures in the Coral Sea (mean 23 kg) were larger than the adjacent GBR (9 kg). Reef species characterize the GBR catch, while large pelagic species characterize the Coral Sea catch. Provided that functionally important fishes are not targeted, the relatively small scale of recreational spearfishing and the focus on pelagic species suggests that spearfishing currently exerts limited pressure on the ecology of Coral Sea reefs.

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Gulliver, Pauline, Suzanne Palmer, Chris Perry, and Scott Smithers. "Are Coral Clasts from a Turbid Near-Shore Reef Environment a Suitable Material for Radiocarbon Analysis?" Radiocarbon 55, no. 2 (2013): 624–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200057775.

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Use of coral skeletons to determine growth histories of reefs situated in warm, clear tropical waters is well established. Recently, however, there has been increasing awareness of the significance of reefs occurring in environments that are considered as marginal for coral growth, such as turbid inshore settings characterized by episodes of elevated turbidity, low light penetration, and periodic sediment burial. While these conditions are generally considered as limiting for coral growth, coral reefs in these settings can exhibit high live coral cover and species diversity, and thus can be both ecologically and geologically significant. Turbid-zone reefs are also commonly concentrated along eroding shorelines with many analogues to erosional shorelines developed during the Holocene transgression. A growing number of studies of these previously undocumented reefs reveal that the reef deposits are detrital in nature, comprising a framework dominated by reef rubble and coral clasts and set within a fine-grained terrigenous sediment matrix. In addition to the recognized effects of diagenesis or algal encrustations on the radiocarbon signature of coral samples, episodic high-energy events may rework sediments and can result in age reversals in the same stratigraphic unit. As in other reef settings, the possibility of such reworking can complicate the reconstruction of turbid-zone reef growth chronologies. In order to test the accuracy of dating coral clasts for developing growth histories of these reef deposits, 5 replicate samples from 5 separate coral clasts were taken from 2 sedimentary units in a core collected from Paluma Shoals, an inshore turbid-zone reef located in Halifax Bay, central Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Results show that where care is taken to screen the clasts for skeletal preservation, primary mineralogical structures, and δ13C values indicative of marine carbonate, then reliable 14C dates can be recovered from individual turbid reef coral samples. In addition, the results show that these individual clasts were deposited coevally.

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Weisler, Marshall I., Kenneth D. Collerson, Yue-Xing Feng, Jian-Xin Zhao, and Ke-Fu Yu. "Thorium-230 coral chronology of a late prehistoric Hawaiian chiefdom." Journal of Archaeological Science 33, no. 2 (2006): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2005.07.012.

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Skinner, L. C. "Revisiting the absolute calibration of the Greenland ice-core age-scales*." Climate of the Past 4, no. 4 (2008): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-4-295-2008.

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Abstract. Recently, an absolute "calibration" was proposed for the GRIP and GISP2 Greenland ice-core time scales (Shackleton et al., 2004). This calibration attempted to reconcile the stratigraphic integration of ice-core, marine and speleothem archives with the absolute age constraints that marine and speleothem records incorporate. Here we revisit this calibration in light of the new layer-counted chronology of the NGRIP ice-core (GICC05). The GICC05 age-scale differs from the proposed absolute calibration by up to 1200 years late in the last glaciation, with implications both for radiocarbon cycling and the inferred timing of North Atlantic climate events relative to radiometrically dated archives (e.g. relative sea-level). By aligning the stratigraphy of Iberian Margin marine cores with that of the Greenland ice-cores, it can be shown that either: 1) the radiocarbon content of mid-latitude Atlantic surface-waters was extremely depleted (resulting in average surface reservoir ages up to 1700 years prior to ~22 ka BP); or 2) the GICC05 age-scale includes too few years (is up to 1200 years too young). It is shown here that both of these possibilities are probably correct to some degree. Based on the assumed accuracy of coral and speleothem U-Th ages, Northeast Atlantic surface reservoir ages should be revised upward by ~350 years, while the NGRIP age-scale appears to be "missing" time. These findings illustrate the utility of integrated stratigraphy as a test for our chronologies, which are rarely truly "absolute". This is an important point, since probably the worst error that we can make is to entrench and generalise a precise stratigraphical relationship on the basis of erroneous absolute age assignations.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Coran – Chronologie"

Stefanidis, Emmanuelle. "Du texte à l’histoire : la question de la chronologie coranique." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL003.

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Parole sans contexte évident ni trame narrative, le texte fondateur de l’islam ne dévoile pas aisément ses origines. Cette thèse examine un code de lecture particulier qui a pour effet de contextualiser le texte sacré de l’islam dans ce qu’on imagine avoir été son contexte premier. La lecture chronologique consiste à déterminer l’inscription temporelle de chaque sourate ou énoncé coranique par rapport, d’une part, aux autres énoncés et, d’autre part, à la carrière prophétique de Muḥammad. En (ré-)introduisant une dimension temporelle et narrative, l’interprétation du Coran est facilitée. Ce dernier est ainsi en mesure de raconter, sinon son histoire, du moins une histoire. La chronologie coranique structure à la fois l’exégèse musulmane prémoderne et la recherche universitaire occidentale sur le Coran. Dans cette thèse, nous examinons ces deux domaines de production de savoir, non pas en opposition l’un avec l’autre mais comme deux moments de la réception du texte coranique. Cette approche inclusive permet, à travers l’étude d’une problématique spécifique, d’entamer une réflexion sur les convergences et les divergences entre l’érudition islamique et la recherche occidentale. Notre point de départ et fil conducteur est la liste chronologique des sourates, qui circule dans la Tradition musulmane avant d’être reprise et retravaillée par des universitaires occidentaux. La quête de la séquence originelle du Coran a engendré des débats autant parmi les exégètes que dans la recherche historico-critique. Nous retraçons ces débats et portons une attention particulière à la « textualité » du Coran, qui en fait un texte particulièrement difficile à ancrer dans un contexte<br>Devoid of a clear context and a narrative frame, the founding text of Islam does not easily reveal its origins. This thesis examines a particular reading code that contextualises the Muslim scripture in what is imagined to have been its original context. A chronological reading aims at determining the temporal position of each sura or qur'ānic passage in relation to, on the one hand, the rest of the text and, on the other hand, the prophetic career of Muḥammad. By (re-)introducing a temporal and narrative frame, the interpretation of the Qur’ān is facilitated. The text is thus allowed to tell its own story or – in any case – a story. The issue of qur’ānic chronology structures both pre-modern Muslim exegesis and Western academic research on the Qur’ān. In this thesis, we examine these two fields of knowledge, not in opposition to one another but as representing two moments in the Qur’ān’s reception. This inclusive approach enables a reflection on the continuities and discontinuities between the Muslim scholarly tradition and Western research. The chronological list of suras, transmitted by Muslim tradition and examined by Western academics, provides the starting point and the connecting thread of the thesis. The search for the original sequence of the Qur’ān has generated debates, both in exegetical circles and in historical-critical research. We explore what is at stake in these debates and pay specific attention to the textuality of the Qur’ān, which, we argue, does not easily allow us to inscribe the Muslim Scripture in a clear context

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Anderegg, Daniel. "Barium and Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Chronologies from Two Southeast Florida Coral Species- Environmental Implications." NSUWorks, 1998. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/333.

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The objectives of the study were to attempt to differentiate among potential sources of nutrients contributing to past algae blooms occurring off the coast of northern Broward and Palm Beach Counties in Florida. To accomplish this, hermatypic reef-building corals were collected from different depths and latitudes over an area extending from the southern part of Broward County to the southern portion of Palm Beach County. The CaC03 skeletons of these corals were X-rayed and then sampled using their internal annual density growth increments as chronological guides. The trace element barium and the isotopes of carbon and oxygen isotopes were measured allowing chemical time series to be developed. Measurements of the trace metal barium in coral skeletons were performed to assess the contribution of cold, organic-rich waters to the past summertime algal blooms (higher skeletal concentrations than in control sites during that time). Skeletal isotopic measurements of these corals were also conducted to possibly record oxygen enrichment (deeper cold waters) and carbon (deeper, organic and nutrient-rich waters) depletion. Results demonstrate historical Ba levels in corals and variability among species, seasons, years, and sites. The study did not reveal a straightforward relationship between algal bloom events and the measured chemical parameters through increases or decreases that coincided with known recent algae blooms. Possible sources of the nutrients and the logic of how nutrient sources might be differentiated by our measurements are discussed. If the source of nutrients is coastal runoff or point source, then shallow corals nearest the inlets should record the highest barium levels (because this element is also concentrated in riverine effluents), particularly during the wet season (summertime).

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Książki na temat "Coran – Chronologie"

Morley, Sylvanus Griswold. The inscriptions at Copan. Martino Pub., 1999.

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The inscriptions at Copan. Martino Pub., 2006.

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Ndao, Serigne Mbacke. Moïse et Joseph: Princes égyptiens, prophètes hébreux : essai de datation de leurs époques à travers la Bible, le Coran et les documents égyptiens suivi de réflexions sur l'atonisme. Presses universitaires de Dakar, 2010.

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George Merrick's Coral Gables: Where your 'castles in Spain' are made real. Centennial Press, 2006.

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I remember the date very well: A chronology of the Sherlock Holmes stories of Arthur Conan Doyle. Players Press, 1993.

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The Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Reader: From Sherlock Holmes to Spiritualism. Cooper Square Press, 2002.

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Części książek na temat "Coran – Chronologie"

"CHRONOLOGY." In Angel De Cora, Karen Thronson, and the Art of Place. University of Iowa Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzgb6cb.6.

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Speed*, Robert C., and Hai Cheng†. "Active emergence, chronology, and limestone facies in southeastern windward Barbados." In Emergence and Evolution of Barbados. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.2549(02).

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ABSTRACT Barbados is actively rising in the latest phase of a long history of emergence that began as far back as 15 Ma. The current phase began at or before ca. 700 ka, is highly nonuniform, and at least locally, has been nonsteady. The uplift rate field in SE Barbados ranges between near-zero and 0.47 m/k.y. and is harmonic to active structures of NNW-SSE contraction. Emergence markers include limestone strata, coral, and shoreline angles, but we used only shoreline angles in calculations. We divided the capping limestone of windward Barbados into 10 units using physical criteria and dated them with over 40 230Th ages as oxygen isotope stages 5a, 5e, late 7 and early 7, and old (older than 300 ka). The oldest unit is a relic of an earlier phase of emergence. Younger units, probably as old as 700 ka, downlap the eroded flank of the oldest unit and sublimestone foundation. Younger units comprise landward clastic facies deposited on abrasion platforms during eustatic highstand and seaward-coalescent fringe reef blankets deposited on preexisting slopes, mainly in transgression. Earlier models of ridged reefs of catch-up growth origin are not supported in windward Barbados. Shoreline angles, the updip tips of terrace floors and of younger limestone units, are isochronous markers of maximum highstand levels. Despite the lack of direct determination of their ages, shoreline angles provide the truest measures and highest values of emergence. Coral thought to indicate highstand growth gives moderately lower uplift rates due to depths of growth and collapse. Coral grown during transgression gives a marked error in emergence.

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Freter, Anncorinne, and Elliot M. Abrams. "Chronology, Construction, and the Abandonment Process: A Case Study from the Classic Maya Kingdom of Copan, Honduras." In Human Adaptation in Ancient Mesoamerica: Empirical Approaches to Mesoamerican Archaeology. University Press of Colorado, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5876/9781607323921.c005.

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Mentele, Serge, Gertrud Kuhnle, and Marina Lasserre. "Sainte-Croix-en-Plaine et Houssen « Cora » (Haut-Rhin) : contribution à l’étude typo-chronologique de la céramique d’habitat du Hallstatt C." In Recherches de Protohistoire alsacienne. ARTEHIS Éditions, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.artehis.23454.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Coran – Chronologie"

Higley, Melinda C., and Jessica L. Conroy. "SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS AND CHRONOLOGY OF AEOLIAN SEDIMENTS ON A TROPICAL PACIFIC CORAL ATOLL." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-320093.

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