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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Crop and Pasture Production”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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1

Ward, P. R., R. A. Lawes, and D. Ferris. "Soil-water dynamics in a pasture-cropping system." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14046.

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Pasture cropping is a farming system in which annual crops are sown into established perennial pastures. It may provide environmental benefits such as increased groundcover and reduced deep drainage, while allowing traditional crop production in the Mediterranean-style climate of south-western Australia. In this research, we investigated deep drainage and the temporal patterns of water use by a subtropical perennial grass, annual crops, and a pasture-cropping system over a 4-year period. Both the pasture and pasture-cropped treatments reduced deep drainage significantly, by ~50 mm compared wit

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Lawes, R. A., P. R. Ward, and D. Ferris. "Pasture cropping with C4 grasses in a barley–lupin rotation can increase production." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13442.

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In southern Australia, intercropping, pasture cropping and overcropping have evolved as techniques to address environmental problems such as dryland salinity and wind erosion and to utilise soil water outside the conventional winter-dominant growing season. We paired three winter-dormant pastures, including two subtropical C4 perennial species (Rhodes grass, Chloris gayana; Gatton panic, Megathyrsus maximus) and the summer-active perennial C3 legume siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum), with a conventional barley (Hordeum vulgare)–lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) rotation to explore the extent to

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McGrath, Shawn R., Cesar S. Pinares-Patiño, Scott E. McDonald, John A. Kirkegaard, Richard J. Simpson, and Andrew D. Moore. "Utilising dual-purpose crops in an Australian high-rainfall livestock production system to increase meat and wool production. 1. Forage production and crop yields." Animal Production Science 61, no. 11 (2021): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20432.

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Context Growing of dual-purpose crops for grazing by livestock has increased in popularity in the high-rainfall zone of southern Australia, a livestock production zone traditionally based on permanent perennial grass species. Aims A systems experiment examined the impact on pasture forage availability, sheep grazing days and crop yields when one-third of a farmlet was sown to dual-purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) crops. Methods The experiment comprised nine experimental units (farmlets) divided into three treatments with three replicate farmlets per treatment

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Dove, H., J. A. Kirkegaard, W. M. Kelman, S. J. Sprague, S. E. McDonald, and J. M. Graham. "Integrating dual-purpose wheat and canola into high-rainfall livestock systems in south-eastern Australia. 2. Pasture and livestock production." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 4 (2015): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14201.

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In south-eastern Australia, low winter temperatures often reduce pasture growth and thus winter herbage supply relative to livestock requirements. Grazing of vegetative grain crops in winter is one strategy that might overcome this feed gap. In a study with young sheep over two seasons near Canberra, ACT, we compared pasture-only grazing with three separate crop–livestock systems in which the sheep grazed long-season wheat, winter canola or a combination of these, for intervals over the period May–August. We measured forage biomass, sheep grazing days (SGD) and liveweight accumulated per ha. C

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Pereyra-Goday, Fabiana, Pablo Rovira, Walter Ayala, and M. Jordana Rivero. "Management and Productivity of Key Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems in Uruguay: The Palo a Pique Long-Term Experiment’s Third Phase." Agronomy 12, no. 12 (November 30, 2022): 3023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12123023.

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Integrated Crop Livestock Systems (ICLSs) use productive diversification as a strategy to improve productivity and land use efficiency. Pasture Crop Rotations are a part of ICLSs and imply a pasture phase included in the sequence of crops. The main reasons to include pastures in crop systems are low productivity of natural grasslands and increased crop yield after a pasture phase. Our objective was to analyze the productivity indicators and management of four ICLSs that combine crop and livestock production, with data collected over a 3 y period (2019–2022). The experimental site was The Palo

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Thomas, Dean T., Andrew D. Moore, Hayley C. Norman, and Clinton K. Revell. "Small effects of deferment of annual pastures through grazing spring wheat crops in Western Australia can benefit livestock productivity." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 4 (2015): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14090.

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Grazing sheep on cereal crops in winter has become widely adopted in medium–high-rainfall zones of Australia. Interest in this practice has spread to the lower rainfall parts of the cereal–livestock zone where it is being applied to shorter season crop varieties. A farm-system modelling study was conducted to investigate the value of deferment of annual pastures by grazing spring wheat in their place. The biophysical simulation model, based on a representative wheat and sheep farming system in the wheatbelt of Western Australia, involved two grazing-management scenarios and used climate data f

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McCormick, Jeff I., Richard C. Hayes, Guangdi D. Li, and Mark R. Norton. "A review of pasture establishment by undersowing with special reference to the mixed farming zone of south-eastern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14049.

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Pastures continue to provide essential functions for the mixed-farming zone in south-eastern Australia, where crop and livestock production are integral parts of most farms. Establishment of pastures in this zone needs to be low-cost and preferably with minimal risk. Pastures are typically sown either directly or in combination with a cover-crop (also called undersowing; the practice of sowing pasture seed simultaneously with a crop that is intended for grain production in the first year), so that the establishment cost is offset by income from the sale of grain. The purposes of this review ar

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Thomas, G. A., R. C. Dalal, E. J. Weston, K. J. Lehane, A. J. King, D. N. Orange, C. J. Holmes, and G. B. Wildermuth. "Pasture - crop rotations for sustainable production in a wheat and sheep-based farming system on a Vertosol in south-west Queensland, Australia." Animal Production Science 49, no. 8 (2009): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07170.

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Rainfed grain production, based on winter cereals, is marginal in south-west Queensland, Australia, because of low and variable rainfall and high evapotranspiration. Also, grain yield and grain quality have decreased as soil fertility, particularly soil nitrogen supply, has declined on older cropping lands. An option for improving soil N supply is to include legume-based pastures in rotation with winter cereals. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of short-term (18 months) legume pastures (annual medics and lucerne + annual medics), and longer term (3 years) mixed grass (B

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Brennan, R. F., B. Penrose, and R. W. Bell. "Micronutrients limiting pasture production in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 12 (2019): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19087.

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Low levels of plant-available micronutrients were an inherent feature of many agricultural soils in Australia, mostly due to the prevalence of highly weathered soil parent materials. The diagnosis and correction of the widespread deficiencies of micronutrients, especially copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn), were prerequisites for the development of productive, legume-based pastures in southern Australia. In subtropical and tropical regions, Mo deficiency commonly limited pasture-legume production. Soil treatments involving micronutrient fertiliser incorporated in soils, or applied as a

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MacNish, GC, and DA Nicholas. "Some effects of field history on the relationship between grass production in subterranean clover pasture, grain yield and take-all (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) in a subsequent crop of wheat at Bannister, Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 38, no. 6 (1987): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9871011.

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The relationship between grass production in subterranean clover pastures with two different rotation histories and take-all in a subsequent wheat crop following barley was studied. Grass production in the pastures ranged from 0 to 1700 kg ha-1. The incidence of take-all in the wheat crop ranged from 10 to l00%, while the take-all severity percentage ranged from 4 to 99.In one rotation series (pasture 9 years; barley, barley, pasture, wheat), each kilogram increase in grass production in the last pasture year caused a 0.087% increase in the take-all severity rating. In the second series (pastu

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Thomson, C. J., C. K. Revell, N. C. Turner, M. A. Ewing, and I. F. Le Coultre. "Influence of rotation and time of germinating rains on the productivity and composition of annual pastures in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 2 (1998): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a94082.

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A long-term rotation experiment located in south-western Australia was used to measure the effect of rotation and time of germinating rains on the productivity and botanical composition of grazed annual pastures in 2 contrasting seasons in an environment with an average annual rainfall of 325 mm. The density of self-regenerating seedlings of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum), capeweed (Arctotheca calendula), and grasses (Lolium rigidum, Hordeum leporinum, Bromus diandrus) was greatly increased (approx. 3 times the density) when there was a second year of pasture after crop compared

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Tarawali, S. A., and M. Peters. "The potential contribution of selected forage legume pastures to cereal production in crop-livestock farming systems." Journal of Agricultural Science 127, no. 2 (September 1996): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600077959.

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SUMMARYThe potential of 3-year-old grazed pastures ofStylosanthes hamata, Chamaecrista rotundifoliaandCentrosema pascuorumto contribute to subsequent maize production was investigated in subhumid Nigeria in 1993. All three legume pastures had the ability to give better maize grain yields than native pasture but this was significant only forStylosanthes hamataandChamaecrista rotundifolia. For the legume species, maximum yield of maize per kg of N applied was attained at 60 kgN/ha. The subsequent yields of maize could be related to the legume species used, pasture management and the length of th

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CHEN, G., G. D. LI, M. K. CONYERS, and B. R. CULLIS. "LONG-TERM LIMING REGIME INCREASES PRIME LAMB PRODUCTION ON ACID SOILS." Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 2 (April 2009): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479708007497.

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SUMMARYPrime lamb live weight response to lime application on pasture was measured in a grazing experiment in the high rainfall zone of the southwestern slopes of New South Wales, Australia. The pastures were limed every 6 years over 15 years. First cross South African Meat Merino lambs were used as test animals. Pre- and post-grazing pasture dry matter (DM) yield, botanical composition, feed quality and lamb live weight were monitored over 12 weeks in 2007. Results showed that liming significantly increased pasture DM yield of high quality species and improved overall pasture quality due to i

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Hou, F. J., Z. B. Nan, Y. Z. Xie, X. L. Li, H. L. Lin, and J. Z. Ren. "Integrated crop-livestock production systems in China." Rangeland Journal 30, no. 2 (2008): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj08018.

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The integrated crop-livestock production system provides most of the food needed by the people of China. Five types of integrated production systems are recognised; rangeland, grain crops, crop/pasture, agro-silvopastoral and ponds. Development of more sustainable and integrated crop-pasture-rangeland-livestock production systems has been recently achieved. Demonstrations of the integrated systems at household, village and regional levels are occurring for rain-fed agriculture on the Loess Plateau, the Hexi Corridor, north-western China and the Karst region of Guizhou Province, south-western C

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Li, G. D., K. R. Helyar, S. J. Welham, M. K. Conyers, L. J. C. Castleman, R. P. Fisher, C. M. Evans, B. R. Cullis, and P. D. Cregan. "Pasture and sheep responses to lime application in a grazing experiment in a high-rainfall area, south-eastern Australia. I. Pasture production." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 10 (2006): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05298.

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‘Managing Acid Soils Through Efficient Rotations (MASTER)’ is a long-term pasture–crop rotation experiment commenced in 1992. One of the objectives was to demonstrate the extent of crop, pasture, and animal responses to lime on a typical acidic soil in the 500–800 mm rainfall zone in south-eastern Australia. Two types of pastures (perennial v. annual pastures) with or without lime application were established in 1992. This paper presents the results of the pasture dry matter (DM) responses to lime application over 6 years from 1992 to 1997. Results showed that both perennial and annual pasture

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Strong, W. M., R. C. Dalal, E. J. Weston, K. J. Lehane, J. E. Cooper, A. J. King, and C. J. Holmes. "Sustaining productivity of a Vertosol at Warra, Queensland, with fertilisers, no-tillage or legumes. 9. Production and nitrogen benefits from mixed grass and legume pastures in rotation with wheat." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 3 (2006): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05007.

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Reduced supplies of nitrogen (N) in many soils of southern Queensland that were cropped exhaustively with cereals over many decades have been the focus of much research to avoid declines in profitability and sustainability of farming systems. A 45-month period of mixed grass (purple pigeon grass, Setaria incrassata Stapf; Rhodes grass, Chloris gayana Kunth.) and legume (lucerne, Medicago sativa L.; annual medics, M. scutellata L. Mill. and M. truncatula Gaertn.) pasture was one of several options that were compared at a fertility-depleted Vertosol at Warra, southern Queensland, to improve grai

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Antoniel, Laísa S., Giuliani do Prado, Adriano C. Tinos, Gabriel A. Beltrame, João V. C. de Almeida, and Gustavo P. Cuco. "Pasture production under different irrigation depths." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 20, no. 6 (June 2016): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n6p539-544.

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ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the production of two pasture species, Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Piatã and Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, under different irrigation depths. The experiment was carried out from May to December 2014, at the State University of Maringá, in the municipality of Cidade Gaúcha-PR, Brazil. The experiment was set out in a strip-plot design, with four replicates, six irrigation depths in the plot and two pasture species in the subplot. Irrigation depths were represented by a percentage of reference evapotranspiration (ET0), which was estimated by the Penman-Montei

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Densley, R. J., I. D. Williams, J. J. Kleinmans, S. B. Mccarter, and R. Tsimba. "Use of maize silage to improve pasture persistence in dairy farm systems: a review." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 15 (January 1, 2011): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.15.2011.3205.

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Maize is a drought tolerant crop that produces high dry matter yields. Growing maize silage as part of a pasture renewal programme can help improve pasture persistence by reducing the level of weeds, insect pests and carryover ryegrass seed. Feeding maize silage to dairy cows results in pasture substitution. This decreases grazing pressure and can be used to manipulate farm pasture cover levels reducing overgrazing. The combination of maize silage and a well-designed stand-off pad with feeding bins allows farmers to keep cows off wet pastures reducing pugging damage and subsequent losses in pa

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Li, G. D., K. R. Helyar, M. K. Conyers, L. J. C. Castleman, R. P. Fisher, G. J. Poile, C. J. Lisle, B. R. Cullis, and P. D. Cregan. "Pasture and sheep responses to lime application in a grazing experiment in a high-rainfall area, south-eastern Australia. II. Liveweight gain and wool production." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 10 (2006): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05299.

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‘Managing Acid Soils Through Efficient Rotations (MASTER)’ is a long-term pasture–crop rotation experiment commenced in 1992. One of the objectives was to demonstrate the extent of crop, pasture, and animal responses to lime application on a typical acidic soil in the 500–800 mm rainfall zone of south-eastern Australia. Two types of pastures (perennial v. annual pastures) with or without lime application were established in 1992. Fifteen- to eighteen-month-old Merino hoggets were used as test animals and were changed annually. This paper reports the results of sheep responses to liming from th

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Unkovich, Murray, Paul Sanford, John Pate, and Mike Hyder. "Effects of grazing on plant and soil nitrogen relations of pasture-crop rotations." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 3 (1998): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97071.

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Plant and soil nitrogen (N) fluxes were assessed in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) based pastures set-stocked at 8 sheep per hectare (light grazing) or grazed at a much higher, but variable, intensity to maintain 1400 kg standing dry matter per hectare (intensive grazing) through the addition or removal of sheep. Pasture composition and biomass production, herbage N concentration, plant nitrate (NO-3) utilisation, and N2 fixation by clover were assessed at 3-weekly intervals over the growing season. Soil ammonium (NH+4) and NO-3 availability were assessed at similar intervals

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Robbins, G. B., J. J. Bushell, and K. L. Butler. "Decline in plant and animal production from ageing pastures of green panic (Panicum maximum var. trichoglume)." Journal of Agricultural Science 108, no. 2 (April 1987): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600079442.

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SummaryThe impact of age on the productivity of sown pastures of green panic (Panicum maximum var. trichoglume cv. Petrie) growing on black earth soil in south-east Queensland was measured from 1976 to 1981. During winter and spring, weaner steers grazed at 2·4 animals/ha on summer-spelled pastures which, in each year, were 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years old. Pastures were given 58 kg N/ha as urea each year. Live-weight gain averaged 74 kg/head on 1-year-old pasture but only 35 kg/head on 5-year-old pasture, with most of the reduction in weight gain in winter (June to August) occurring up to age 3 yea

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Gardyne, Graeme. "Value and potential of white clover for sheep production." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 6 (January 1, 1996): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.6.1995.3380.

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The Gardyne Family farm a 710 hectare property at Chatton near Gore in Southland. The property is intensively farmed with 9,375 stock units, sheep and beef being carried at rates of 17.5 su/ha on the cropping property and 12.5 su/ha on the Pyramid Hill grazing property. White clover is the key to animal, crop and herbage production supplying nitrogen for highly productive pastures, building organic matter levels for the cropping rotation, and providing very high quality feed for finishing young stock. Management techniques to maximise clover production are essential and include: (i) use of ade

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McGrath, Shawn R., Cesar S. Pinares-Patiño, Scott E. McDonald, Richard J. Simpson, and Andrew D. Moore. "Utilising dual-purpose crops in an Australian high-rainfall livestock production system to increase meat and wool production. 2. Production from breeding-ewe flocks." Animal Production Science 61, no. 11 (2021): 1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20433.

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Context The use of dual-purpose crops (for grazing and grain) has increased in the high-rainfall zone in southern Australia. Aim A systems experiment examined the impact on livestock production and supplementary feeding when dual-purpose crops were incorporated into a production system based on Merino ewes producing yearling lambs for sale. Methods The experimental site near Canberra, ACT, was subdivided into nine experimental units (‘farmlets’) with three replicate farmlets for each of three production-system treatments. Each farmlet was managed as a self-contained unit with six Merino ewes a

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Ward, G. N., S. G. Clark, G. A. Kearney, M. R. McCaskill, M. C. Raeside, A. R. Lawson, and R. Behrendt. "Summer-active perennials in pasture systems improve seasonal pasture distribution without compromising winter-spring production." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 7 (2013): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13003.

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Improved dryland pastures for sheep and beef cattle production in south-western Victoria are typically based on summer-dormant cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) or phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.). These are highly productive in spring but exhibit low accumulation rates over summer–autumn. Summer-active perennial pasture species could potentially alleviate this summer–autumn feed gap. Three pasture systems that used different pastures on each of the three landscape classes (crest, slope, and valley floor) were compared over 4 years. The perennial ryegrass system (henceforth Ry

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Li, G. D., K. R. Helyar, M. K. Conyers, B. R. Cullis, P. D. Cregan, R. P. Fisher, L. J. C. Castleman, G. J. Poile, C. M. Evans, and B. Braysher. "Crop responses to lime in long-term pasture-crop rotations in a high rainfall area in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 3 (2001): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00087.

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A long-term trial, known as ‘managing acid soils through efficient rotations’ (MASTER), commenced in 1992 to develop and demonstrate a cropping system that is economically viable on the highly acid soils of the traditional permanent pasture region in south-eastern Australia, so that their fertility is sustained or improved. There were 2 permanent pasture systems and 2 pasture–crop rotations, each with and without lime. This paper reports the effect of lime on crop production over the first cycle (6 years). On annual pasture–crop rotations, lime significantly increased the dry matter production

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García, S. C., M. R. Islam, C. E. F. Clark, and P. M. Martin. "Kikuyu-based pasture for dairy production: a review." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 8 (2014): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13414.

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The amount of pasture grown and converted to animal product is closely linked with the profitability of pasture-based systems. Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.) is the predominant C4 grass in coastal Australian beef and dairy systems. These kikuyu-based production systems face several key challenges to achieving high levels of productivity. In this review, we bring together the literature to highlight the opportunities for closing the gap between current and potential utilisation and for increasing dairy production from kikuyu-based pastures. More specifically, we highlight th

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Moore, Andrew D. "The case for and against perennial forages in the Australian sheep–wheat zone: modelling livestock production, business risk and environmental interactions." Animal Production Science 54, no. 12 (2014): 2029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14613.

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Perennial forages have been proposed as a means of ameliorating both the summer–autumn feed gap and the risks posed by soil salinity and erosion in mixed farming areas of southern Australia. Whole-farm simulation analyses using the APSIM and GRAZPLAN models at nine locations across southern Australia have evaluated the likely trade-offs among expected profitability, financial risk, soil erosion risk, deep drainage and soil carbon change as annual pastures are converted to perennial pastures based on a C3 grass, a C4 grass or lucerne. Differences between perennial and annual feedbases in total

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Karsten, H. D., P. H. Patterson, R. Stout, and G. Crews. "Vitamins A, E and fatty acid composition of the eggs of caged hens and pastured hens." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 25, no. 1 (January 12, 2010): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170509990214.

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AbstractIn the US farmers often market pastured poultry eggs for a premium price, claiming animal and human health benefits. We examined how moving pastured hens to forage legumes or mixed grasses influenced hen (Gallus gallusL.) egg omega-3 fatty acids and concentrations of vitamins A and E. We also compared the eggs of the pastured hens to those of hens fed a commercial diet in cages. We used a cross-over design to compare pasture species: 75 sister hens were assigned to one of three pasture treatment groups: (1) alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.), (2) red and white clover (Trifolium pretenseL. and

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Whitbread, A. M., and R. L. Clem. "Graze to grain—measuring and modelling the effects of grazed pasture leys on soil nitrogen and sorghum yield on a Vertosol soil in the Australian subtropics." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 5 (2006): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05189.

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Highly productive sown pasture systems can result in high growth rates of beef cattle and lead to increases in soil nitrogen and the production of subsequent crops. The nitrogen dynamics and growth of grain sorghum following grazed annual legume leys or a grass pasture were investigated in a no-till system in the South Burnett district of Queensland. Two years of the tropical legumes Macrotyloma daltonii and Vigna trilobata (both self regenerating annual legumes) and Lablab purpureus (a resown annual legume) resulted in soil nitrate N (0–0.9 m depth), at sorghum sowing, ranging from 35 to 86 k

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Snow, V. O., P. N. Smale, and M. B. Dodd. "Process-based modelling to understand the impact of ryegrass diversity on production and leaching from grazed grass-clover dairy pastures." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 10 (2013): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13263.

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Ecological studies often suggest that natural grasslands with high species diversity will grow more biomass and leach less nitrogen (N). If this diversity effect also applies to fertilised and irrigated pastures with controlled removal of herbage, it might be exploited to design pastures that can assist the dairy industry to maintain production while reducing N leaching losses. The purpose of this study was to test whether pasture mixtures with a high functional diversity in ryegrass traits will confer on the system higher water- and N-use efficiency. The hypothesis was tested using a process-

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Trukhan, Olga. "CREEPING CLOVER (Trifolium repens L.): BIOLOGICAL FEATURES, ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE, VARIETIES AND METHODS OF SEED PRODUCTION WHEN GROWN IN GRASS MIXTURES WITH A CEREAL COMPONENT." Adaptive Fodder Production 2021, no. 3 (December 3, 2021): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/afp-2222-5366-2021-3-71-87.

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Creeping clover (Trifolium repens L.) is one of the best crops for creating meadow and pasture agrophytocenoses of long-term use. The biological features of this crop, such as durability, good yield, resistance to grazing, high leafiness, along with good feed quality indicators, its high protein nutritional value, make it indispensable when creating pastures not only in Russia, but also abroad. Creeping clover is one of the main components of grass mixtures for improving pastures and developing fallow lands; it is also an excellent phyto-meliorative crop that restores soil fertility. The most

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French, R. J., R. S. Malik, and M. Seymour. "Crop-sequence effects on productivity in a wheat-based cropping system at Wongan Hills, Western Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 6 (2015): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14262.

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Western Australian grain production is dominated by wheat, but growing wheat continually in unbroken sequences leads to increasing problems with soil nutrient depletion, root and leaf disease build-up, high weed burdens, and possibly other less well-defined production constraints. These can adversely affect both production and grain quality. Including breaks in the crop sequence in the form of break crops, pasture, or fallow can reduce these problems, but these breaks can be expensive to implement, in terms of both direct cost and forgone revenue. It is therefore critical to predict the respon

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Macedo, I., G. Cantou, and J. A. Terra. "Soil Use Intensity Effects on Soil Organic Carbon in No-till Crop-pasture Rotations Systems." Agrociencia 19, no. 3 (December 2015): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31285/agro.19.254.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a key soil quality indicator for cropping systems sustainability. We evaluated 20 yrs. soil use intensity effects on SOC (0-5 cm and 5-15 cm depth) in a 72 ha no-till crop-pasture rotation experiment (33°:15’36"S, 54°:29’26"W, 60-m elevation) in Treinta y Tres, Uruguay (Abruptic Argiaquolls and Oxiaquic Vertic Argiudolls). Treatments between 1995-2005 were: Continuous cropping (CC) of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. or oat Avena sp. in winter and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) or foxtail millet (Setaria italica) in summer; 2) Short Rotation (SR): two years idem CC

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Robertson, S. M. "Crop stubbles are as important for sheep production as annual pastures in the Victorian Mallee." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 8 (2006): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04033.

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The impact of different management strategies on production and profit can be evaluated with knowledge of how sheep production responds to changes in the available feed base and sheep or pasture management. This study aimed to quantify on-farm pasture and sheep production in mixed sheep and cropping systems in the Victorian Mallee of south-eastern Australia (325 ± 50 mm annual rainfall) as a prelude to computer simulation modelling. During 2001 (average rainfall) and 2002 (extreme drought) pasture production, the feed base and sheep production were monitored in 15 paddocks on 5 properties loca

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Tozer, K. N., E. Minneé, and C. A. Cameron. "Resistance of New Zealand dairy pastures to ingress of summer-active annual grass weeds." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 10 (2012): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12315.

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Yellow bristle grass (Setaria pumila) and summer grass (Digitaria sanguinalis) are summer-active annual grass weeds which infest temperate dairy pastures. A study was undertaken over 2 years to compare hand-sown yellow bristle and summer grass establishment, survival, and seed production in pastures grazed by dairy cows and based on (i) tetraploid perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), (ii) tetraploid perennial ryegrass and white clover (Trifolium repens), and (iii) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and white clover, to determine which pasture type offered the greatest resistance to these grass

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Hilimire, Kathleen, Stephen R. Gliessman, and Joji Muramoto. "Soil fertility and crop growth under poultry/crop integration." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 28, no. 2 (June 15, 2012): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174217051200021x.

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AbstractInnovative sources of soil fertility are of utmost importance to growers in light of rising fertilizer costs and environmental concerns. Integrating livestock and crop production is one channel by which agricultural practitioners can enhance soil fertility. For this research, soil fertility was analyzed in pastured poultry/crop agroecosystems to determine whether free-ranging birds and pasture could be used to replace or supplement non-manure-based fertilizers. Soils from adjacent cropped areas were compared to plots with a recent history of pastured poultry use on two farms, and crop

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Leech, Fiona J., Alan E. Richardson, Michael A. Kertesz, Beverley A. Orchard, Samiran Banerjee, and Phillip Graham. "Comparative effect of alternative fertilisers on pasture production, soil properties and soil microbial community structure." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 12 (2019): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19018.

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Different fertiliser products are commonly promoted for use on pastures in order to improve pasture productivity and support a more ‘healthy’ soil microbial environment. However, minimal field research has been conducted to validate such claims. A 6-year study (2009–14) was conducted on phosphorus (P)-deficient soils at three sites near Yass, New South Wales, to investigate the effect of topdressing perennial native-based pastures with a range of alternative fertilisers compared with single superphosphate and an unfertilised control treatment. The alternative fertiliser products included manur

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Reed, Kinsey, and Ember M. Morrissey. "Bridging Ecology and Agronomy to Foster Diverse Pastures and Healthy Soils." Agronomy 12, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 1893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12081893.

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Renovating pastures to increase forage species diversity is a burgeoning practice among producers. Over a century of grassland and small-plot research suggests that increasing plant diversity can lead to improved pasture productivity, resilience, and soil health. However, it remains hard to decipher how these benefits translate to grazed production systems given the limited experimentation in realistic grazing systems. There is a disconnect between ecological and agronomic research regarding what qualifies as a “diverse” grassland or pasture. This review aims to examine the current state of re

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Tanveer, A., A. Khaliq, M. M. Javaid, M. N. Chaudhry, and I. Awan. "Implications of weeds of genus euphorbia for crop production: a review." Planta Daninha 31, no. 3 (September 2013): 723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582013000300024.

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The genus Euphorbia comprises about 2000 species ranging from annuals to trees, including C3, C4, and CAM species. Euphorbia species widely studied in agriculture includes E. antiquorum, E. carollata, E. dentata, E. dracunculoides, E. esula, E. geniculata, E. granulata, E. helioscopia, E. heterophylla, E. hierosolymitana, E. hirta, E. maculata, E. microphylla, E. nerifolia, E. piluifera, E. pulcherrima, E. royleana, E. supine, and E. thiamifolia. These species have been reported mainly in field crops/vegetables, orchards, pastures, and rangelands. Euphorbia plants may present allelopathic effe

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Dunbar, J. E., P. W. Hateley, R. J. Townsend, S. M. Zydenbos, and T. A. Jackson. "Assessing damage by manuka beetles (Pyronota spp) in flipped West Coast pastures." New Zealand Plant Protection 65 (January 8, 2012): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2012.65.5410.

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Manuka beetles (Pyronota festiva and P setosa) have become a major problem in dairy pastures developed on flipped soils on the South Islands West Coast The beetles rapidly invaded these new pastures and signs of damage appeared within 13 seasons Damage is caused by beetle larvae feeding on the roots of grasses and clovers creating damage patches of dead and dying plants A visual damage scale has been prepared to assist farmers to grade damage and provide a basis to make control decisions Damage rankings were estimated by assessing both the proportion of the paddock with obvious damage patches

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Ongaratto, Fernando, Marcia Helena Machado da Rocha Fernandes, Erick Escobar Dallantonia, Lais de Oliveira Lima, Guilherme Alves do Val, Abmael da Silva Cardoso, Izabela Larosa Rigobello, et al. "Intensive Production and Management of Marandu Palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’) Accelerates Leaf Turnover but Does Not Change Herbage Mass." Agronomy 11, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091846.

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Pasture intensification through higher stocking rates, nitrogen fertilization and intensified grazing management in beef cattle production optimizes pasture use by increasing the forage harvested. We aimed to assess its effects on the morphogenesis and canopy structure of Urochloa brizantha ‘Marandu’ (marandu palisadegrass) pastures. The treatments consisted of marandu palisadegrass pastures managed under continuous stocking and a canopy height of 25 cm, with different levels of intensification: extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive systems N-fertilized with 0 kg, 75 kg, and 150 kg N ha−1 y

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Ferraz-Almeida, Risely, and Raquel Pinheiro da Mota. "Routes of Soil Uses and Conversions with the Main Crops in Brazilian Cerrado: A Scenario from 2000 to 2020." Land 10, no. 11 (October 26, 2021): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10111135.

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The Brazilian Savannah, also known as Cerrado Biome, is a hotspot for Brazilian biodiversity. The hypothesis tested in this study is that there are diverse routes of soil uses for agriculture production in Cerrado, derived mainly from areas with pasture (natural and planted) due to the decrease in Cerrado deforestation in the last 20 years (from 2000 to 2020). The aim of this study was (i) to determine the profile of crop production in Brazilian Cerrado; (ii) to demonstrate the routes of soil uses during the last 20 years; (iii) to demonstrate the increase of soybean and corn production in Cer

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Evans, P. M., X. Z. Zhang, and P. A. Riffkin. "Annual pasture legumes for farming systems in cool-temperate areas with summer soil moisture deficits." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 11 (January 1, 2003): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.11.2003.3014.

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Seed softening rates of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) are lower in cool-temperate environments than in typical Mediterranean areas, allowing the accumulation of large seed banks. These large seed banks should enable a pasture to selfregenerate following a year of cropping in which the pasture has been removed. To test this hypothesis, a 1:1 pasture/crop rotation system was established at three sites in southern Victoria, Australia, with subterranean, balansa (T. michelianum), Persian (T. resupinatum) and arrowleaf (T. vesiculosum) clovers. At Hamilton, pure subterranean clover h

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Grekul, Chad W., and Edward W. Bork. "Herbage Yield Losses in Perennial Pasture Due to Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense)." Weed Technology 18, no. 3 (September 2004): 784–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-03-196r.

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Although the impact of Canada thistle (CT) on annual crop production is relatively well established, few investigations report on this weed's impact within perennial pastures. This field study assessed herbage yield losses within eight central Alberta pastures from 1999 to 2001. Each pasture was sampled in 1999 to quantify thistle and herbage biomass within 25 permanent plots. CT was controlled in 2000 and the response of vegetation measured in 2000 and 2001. Before removal, significant negative relationships (P < 0.05) between thistle abundance and herbage were noted at six sites. After th

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Solaiman, Zakaria. "Biochar and fertiliser interactions in crop and pasture production." Crop & Pasture Science 74, no. 2 (December 19, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp22310.

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This foreword provides a summary of papers included in this special issue on biochar and fertiliser interactions for crop and pastures productivity. This special issue includes published papers on how biochar and fertiliser affect soil health and crop yields and overcome soil constraints such as acidity, salinity, low fertility and remediation of metal and pesticides contaminated soils.

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Rovira, Pablo, Walter Ayala, José Terra, Fernando García-Préchac, Paul Harris, Michael R. F. Lee, and M. Jordana Rivero. "The ‘Palo a Pique’ Long-Term Research Platform: First 25 Years of a Crop–Livestock Experiment in Uruguay." Agronomy 10, no. 3 (March 23, 2020): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030441.

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Mixed crop–livestock long-term experiments (LTE) are critical to increase the understanding of sustainability in complex agroecosystems. One example is the ‘Palo a Pique’ LTE which has been running for 25 years in Uruguay (from 1995 to present), evaluating four pasture–crop rotations under livestock grazing with no-till technology in soils with severe limitations. The results demonstrate that cropping systems reduced soil organic carbon (SOC) compared with permanent pastures, and that perennial pastures rotating with crops were critical to mitigate SOC losses. Data from the ‘Palo a Pique’ LTE

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Trivelin, Gustavo Antunes, Cristiana Andrighetto, Gustavo Pavan Mateus, Patrícia Aparecida da Luz, Elaine Mendonça Bernardes, Gelci Carlos Lupatini, Helena Sampaio Aranha, et al. "Animal production and economic viability of integrated crop livestock systems." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 530–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss8.2559.

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Integrated crop-livestock-forest system appears as strategy to reduce pasture recovery costs and diversify farmer’s income with the sale of the wood of eucalyptus trees. The objective of this work was to evaluate the animal performance and economic viability of systems without shade availability (ICL: Integrated Crop-Livestock) and with two tree densities (ICLF-1L: Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest, 196 trees ha-1; ICLF-3L: Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest, 448 trees ha-1). Sixty castrated Nellore cattle were used to evaluate performance during rearing and finishing. For economic analysis, the

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Li, Guangdi D., Richard C. Hayes, Jeff I. McCormick, Matthew J. Gardner, Graeme A. Sandral, and Brian S. Dear. "Time of sowing and the presence of a cover-crop determine the productivity and persistence of perennial pastures in mixed farming systems." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13447.

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Incorporation of perennial pastures into cropping rotations can improve whole-farm productivity, profitability and sustainability of mixed farming systems in southern Australia. However, success in establishing perennial pastures depends on choice of species, time of sowing, method of establishment, seasonal conditions, and whether sowing is under a cover-crop. Field experiments were sown from 2008 to 2010 to determine effects of sowing time and the presence of a cover-crop on the performance of four perennial pasture species, lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), phala

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Bell, Matthew J., Richard J. Eckard, Matthew T. Harrison, James S. Neal, and Brendan R. Cullen. "Effect of warming on the productivity of perennial ryegrass and kikuyu pastures in south-eastern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 1 (2013): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12358.

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Grazed pastures in south-eastern Australia are typically based on temperate (C3) species, such as perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). With predictions of warming to occur in this region, there has been growing interest in the performance of more heat-tolerant and deep-rooted subtropical (C4) pasture grasses, such as kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum). This study used an existing pasture model to estimate the production of kikuyu compared with the commonly used perennial ryegrass at seven sites in south-eastern Australia, using an historical baseline climate scenario between 1971 and 2010, and t

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Robertson, S. M. "Predicting pasture and sheep production in the Victorian Mallee with the decision support tool, GrassGro." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 8 (2006): 1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04034.

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The GrassGro decision support tool was designed to quantify sheep and pasture production in response to management and climate variability in temperate Australia, and has been tested in temperate but not low-rainfall Australian conditions. Data from field experiments and from on-farm monitoring was used to test GrassGro predictions of annual and perennial pasture production, and sheep production at 4 locations throughout the Victorian Mallee, which is a low-rainfall area (275–375 mm annually). Predictions of long-term pasture production were then made. Predictions of the herbage biomass of ann

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