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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Datations U-Th-Pb et 40Ar-39Ar":
Homonnay, Emmanuelle. "Évolution tectono-métamorphique et chronologie de mise en place des unités métamorphiques du Rif interne (Maroc)". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4111.
The Betic-Rif Cordillera, located in the western part of the Mediterranean, results from the convergence of the European and African plates and related subduction processes. It is therefore an exceptional site to study the processes induced by subduction dynamics. This thesis focuses on the study of the internal domain of the Rif chain. Two key areas have been selected (Ceuta and Cabo Negro) where high pressure-low temperature crustal rocks (HP-LT) (present only in Ceuta) but also low pressure-high temperature rocks (LP-HT) and ultrabasic rocks outcrop. Their tectonic significance, placement mode and ages are still heavily debated subjects. A multidisciplinary approach was developed to carry out this work, with a detailed structural and petrographic study, as well as U/Th/Pb dating on zircon, monazite and xenotime and 40Ar/39Ar on white mica. The results obtained show that: (i) at circa 29 Ma a medium pressure-high temperature metamorphism (MP-HT) affects the lower Sebtides and Ghomarides. This phase is simultaneous with a thickening of the crust and the placement of diorite sill having a geochemical signature of calc-alkaline to high-K magmatic arc. This phase is contemporaneous to the HP-LT metamorphism observed in the crustal units of the upper Sebtides (ii) at circa 21 Ma an extension phase contributes to the final exhumation of these rocks. This event is associated with a metamorphic episode developed at the boundary between Amphibolite and Greenschist facies conditions, at 400-550°C and 1-3 kbar. The quasi-contemporary emplacement of metamorphic units with radically different thermal gradients is characteristic of “paired metamorphic belts”. In this case we propose the following model: at 29 Ma, during Alpine subduction, the units of the Ghomarides and Lower Sebtides are located within the upper plate of the subduction system where the MP-HT metamorphism develops. In parallel, the HP-LT metamorphism occurs within the lower plate constituted by the upper Sebtides. Dehydration of the lower plate induces calc-alkaline magmatism in the upper plate. At 21 Ma, the slab rollback produces an extension phase creating the opening of the Alboran basin and the exhumation of the HP-LT units
El, Bakili Asmae. "Evolution tectono-metamorphique et chronologique des unités métamorphiques du Rif interne (Beni Bousera, Nord du Maroc)". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COAZ4034.
Located at the extreme tip of the western Mediterranean, the Betic-Rif orogenic system is built through a complex alpine orogenic history involving processes of subduction related to convergence between Africa and Eurasia since the Cretaceous. A remarkable discovery during the last four decades of geological investigations, has been the remains of a variscan event in the internal zones of the belt. These results underline the presence of two superimposed orogenic systems, the internal zones of the belt thus remain a privileged area to study the importance of the structural and the metamorphic heritage in the partial or total reactivation by the most recent events. This work is located in the Beni Bousera sector, where crustal and mantle rocks that form the innermost units of the chain are exposed. Based on structural and petrological analyses, U-Th-Pb dating on monazite and 40Ar-39Ar dating on micas and amphiboles. The history of the Betic-Rif belt can be summarized as it follows: 1) a HP-HT event affects the base of the internal domain at around 281 ± 3 Ma. These new petrological and geochronological data obtained in the internal Rif, are correlated with the Betics, the Kabyle, the Edough massif of Algeria, the Mauritanian, and the Appalachian belts, attesting a convergent domain during the late Carboniferous – early Permian. All of these orogenic segments are part of the North African Variscides built at the north-western margin of Gondwana in response to convergence between the later and Laurentia. 2) at around 29-26 Ma, a Barrovian to Abukuma metamorphic event affects the Sebtides (the innermost units of the chain) and interpreted as the evolution of the upper plate of a subduction zone. This alpine event is typically characterized by a prograde metamorphic path marked by heating affecting the base of the Sebtides between 26 to 22 Ma, such conditions reflect thinning and heating of the crust related to the asthenosphere upwelling due to slab roll-back. This event marks the beginning of a major extensive event. 3) In the Miocene around 22-20 Ma, the internal zones are affected by an E-W extension contemporary to the opening of the Alboran Basin in a back-arc context, and the intrusion of granitic dykes into the peridotites and crustal metamorphic units, the exhumation of the Sebtides was complete at this time. 4) From early to middle Miocène, the Betic-Rif belt acquired its arcuate geometry (the Gibraltar Arc) during the collision between the Internal and the external zones, attested by de NE-SW to E-W shortening phases across the arc. 5) more lately prior to Pliocene, the Gibraltar arc was subjected to contractional possess related to a N-S shortening phase, which drastically altered its geometry
Feneyrol, Julien. "Pétrologie, géochimie et genèse des gisements de tsavorite associés aux gneiss et roches calco-silicatées graphiteux de Lemshuku et Namalulu, Tanzanie". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0348/document.
Tsavorite, a (V, Cr, Mn)-bearing green grossular, is hosted by graphitic gneisses or calc-silicates, often asssociated with dolomitic marbles, and belonging to the Metamorphic Neoproterozoic Mozambique Belt. Tsavorite is found either as nodules or in quartz veins (primary deposits), or in placers (secondary deposits). The mineralogical study of tsavorites suggests a new protocol to certificate their geographical origin, based on the V/Cr ratio, Mn content and delta18O. The study of the Lemshuku and Namalulu deposits in Tanzania has shown that the metamorphism of organic matter-rich and evaporites-rich sedimentary protoliths occurred at P = 7.0 ± 0.4 kbar and T = 677 ± 14°C, at 634 ± 22 Ma (U-Th-Pb dating on monazite). The metamorphic series cooled down at around 500 Ma (40Ar-39Ar dating on muscovite). Two metasomatic stages are linked to the formation of tsavorite : (i) diffusion metasomatism forming nodules at P = 5.0-7.4 kbar and T = 580-691°C; (ii) calcitic infiltration metasomatism forming quartz veins at P = 3.6-4.9 kbar and T = 505-587°C. These last have been dated in situ with Sm-Nd dating at 606 ± 36 Ma. Continental evaporites, deposited in a coastal marine sabkha with (Si, Ca)-bearing sediments, transformed into tsavorite in the case of the nodules, while the molten salts are associated with the formation of the quartz veins. The mineralisations are controlled by lithostratigraphy and structure
Gaylor, Jonathan. "40Ar/39Ar Dating of the Late Cretaceous". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017165.
Gébelin, Aude. "Déformation et mise en place des granites (360-300Ma) dans un segment de la Chaîne Varisque (Plateau de Millevaches, Massif Central)". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008553.
Le volumineux (~ 10000km3) complexe granitique N-S de Millevaches, limité par des décrochements et failles normales, est un exemple type de granite mis en place dans un contexte tectonique décrochant.
Le modèle de mise en place des granites de Millevaches prend en compte l'analyse structurale, microstructurale, magnétique (A.S.M.), gravimétrique et géochronologique (40Ar/39Ar et U/Pb). L'ascension des magmas se fait par des conduits verticaux étroits sous forme d'injections successives qui se relaient le long de l'axe principal N-S des Pradines. Les magmas sont ensuite piégés puis canalisés par la foliation précoce, anisotropie mécanique sub-horizontale majeure de la croûte moyenne. Les magmas syntectoniques du décrochement dextre N-S des Pradines enregistrent des trajectoires de déformation orientées N-S dans la faille et NW-SE de part et d'autre. La poussée du magma au toit du laccolite induit une déformation par aplatissement relaxée par le développement de failles d'échappement sub-horizontales et normales. La mise en place syntectonique des leucogranites du Millevaches, datée à 313 ± 4 Ma est contemporaine du métamorphisme granulitique subi par les roches encaissantes.
Le fonctionnement des décrochements du Limousin débute vers 350 Ma et finit vers 300 Ma. Nous proposons que les deux générations de granites (granodiorite-monzogranite et leucogranite) se mettent en place dès 350 Ma, dans une ceinture tectonique résultant d'un contexte en transpression. Les cisaillements ductiles constituent les branches d'un large, long (~700 km), et unique système décrochant lithosphérique analogue à une « pop-up structure » NW-SE dextre allant du Massif Sud Armoricain au Limousin.