Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Debts, External United States

Spis treści

  1. Artykuły w czasopismach
  2. Rozprawy doktorskie
  3. Książki
  4. Części książek
  5. Streszczenia konferencji
  6. Raporty organizacyjne

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Debts, External United States”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 31 stycznia 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Debts, External United States"

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Raffer, Kunibert. "Risks of Lending and Liability of Lenders." Ethics & International Affairs 21, no. 1 (March 2007): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2007.00062.x.

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Risk and liability change the initially stipulated terms of contracts, overruling their otherwise binding nature. Risk encourages careful assessment of debtors' abilities to service debts. Errors and negligence in assessment, and even external shocks, make creditors suffer losses. Disregarding one's duty of care or professional standards, or engaging in tortious or illegal behavior makes actors liable to compensate for any resulting damage—a necessary systemic element of the framework markets need to function well. Neither mechanism was allowed to work properly in sovereign lending.This essay
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Makin, Anthony J. "Feasible Limits for External Deficits and Debt." Global Economy Journal 5, no. 1 (January 2005): 1850030. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1043.

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Large current account deficits and foreign debt levels remain a source of concern for international financial markets and policymakers. Yet, exactly what an “excessive” external deficit or liability position for an advanced economy is at any time has never been adequately defined. This article addresses the question by proposing new methods for assessing the proximity of current account deficits and the associated foreign debt to their upper bounds. It contends that productive investment fundamentally sets the feasible limit for current account deficits, whereas the capital to output ratio ult
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Berg, Gerald C. "The effects of the external debts of Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, and the Philippines on the United States." Applied Economics 20, no. 7 (July 1988): 939–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036848800000018.

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Nurjanah, Rahma, and Candra Mustika. "The influence of imports, foreign exchange reserves, external debt, and interest rates on the currency exchange rates against the United States Dollar in Southeast Asia Countries." Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 9, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v9i4.12706.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of imports, foreign exchange reserves, foreign debt, and interest rates on the currency exchange rates against the United States Dollar in Southeast Asia countries. The study results found that from 2010 to 2017, the currency exchange rates against the United States Dollar in Southeast Asian countries tended to weaken (depreciate). The highest growth in the exchange rate against the United States dollar was in Indonesia, while the lowest was in Singapore. Foreign exchange reserves negatively affect foreign debt, and imports positively affect countries' exc
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Moroz, Ivanna. "Peculiarities of public debt management policy in the United States of America: experience for Ukraine." ScienceRise, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2021.002040.

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The object of research is the policy of public debt management of the United States of America and Ukraine.
 The problem solved is the low level of efficiency of the policy of public external and internal debt management of Ukraine in the context of financing economic growth.
 The main scientific results: based on the analysis of the policy of public debt management of the United States of America, it has been proved, that the public debt and the US budget deficit should be perceived not as a problem or threat to macroeconomic stability, but as a tool to stimulate economic growth. It
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Balyuk, Igor. "Global external debt during COVID-19 pandemic." Obshchestvo i ekonomika, no. 9 (2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020736760016809-8.

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The article contains an analysis of the dynamics and structure of the external debt of various countries and groups of countries in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The authors conclude that at the beginning of 2021, the ratio of external debt to GDP almost reached the level that was noted on the eve of the global financial and economic crisis of 2008-2009. A trigger for a new global crisis may be the exacerbation of problems in one or more segments of the economy of the European Union, Great Britain, the United States, or a number of large developing countries.
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Bobylev, S., and S. Solovyeva. "United Nations: Redefining Goals." World Economy and International Relations 60, no. 5 (2016): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2016-60-5-30-39.

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One of the main UN Summit 2015 outcomes is the adoption of global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) built on achievements of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to guide the path of sustainable development in the world after 2015. World leaders gathered at the United Nations to take responsibility for the implementation of 17 Sustainable Development Goals – a truly universal and transformative global development agenda. The article analyzes main common features and distinctions of SDGs and MDGs. It addresses priorities for the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development and primary SDG targe
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Salinger, Rober Miller. "First-Order Determinants of Capital Structure among Listed Manufacturing Companies in the United States of America." Journal of Finance and Accounting 6, no. 4 (September 22, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t4072.

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Capital structure plays a critical role which enables manufacturing firms address the dilemma of whether or not an optimal capital structure can be achieved. The total capital of a firm is composed of both debt and equity which makes up firm’s capital structure. The capital structure of manufacturing firms is made up of a combination of internal financing and external financing of the firm. Internal financing composed of equity, preference share capital and shareholder's funds and external financing composed of long term debt and short term debt of the firm. Internal financing using profits as
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Weinbaum, Marvin G. "Dependent Development and U.S. Economic Aid to Egypt." International Journal of Middle East Studies 18, no. 2 (May 1986): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800029755.

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Egypt was firmly ensconced by the early 1980s in the ranks of the Third World's more dependent, financially troubled economies. The country's total foreign debt, under $3 billion in 1973, had grown to 16 billion by 1979. In 1982–83, the external debt was estimated at $20 billion, with the servicing of medium and long-term obligations absorbing more than one-third of export earnings. The terms of trade were also moving against Egypt as its major exports lost value. A trade deficit, registered largely with EEC countries and the United States, stood at the equivalent of $4.7 billion in 1982–83.
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Nasution, Anwar. "Global Savings–Investment Imbalances: What Role for East Asia?" Asian Economic Papers 6, no. 2 (May 2007): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep.2007.6.2.1.

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This paper examines the current path of global imbalances and the role of East Asia in addressing these issues. The roots of the problem are the exploding budget deficit and soaring current account deficit of the United States. The twin deficits are being financed by foreign savings including the placement of the massive foreign exchange reserves of East Asia in U.S. dollar–denominated debt, such as U.S. Treasury notes. Solving the imbalances will require corrections of internal and external imbalances by both the United States and its trading partners. How East Asia deploys its reserves could
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Debts, External United States"

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Sivakumar, Sivalingam. "Dancing on the edge : the dynamics of external debt in the United States, South Korea and Argentina." Title page, table of contents and preface only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09arms624.pdf.

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Shih, Yen. "A model of public debt determination : dynamic implications and empirical evidence /." Connect to resource, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262882486.

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Hannon, Timothy E. "An external stakeholder analysis of a United States Army Directorate of Contracting." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FHannon.pdf.

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Swan, Philip George. "To Separate the Tares from the Corn: Debts and Slaves in Post-Revolutionary Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625837.

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Caudill, Courtney B. ""Mischiefs So Close to Each Other": External Relations of the Ohio Valley Shawnees, 1730-1775." W&M ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625770.

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Filho, Pedro Josà RebouÃas. "External factors of the determinants of export of lobster CEARà to the united states of America." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2947.

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nÃo hÃ<br>The rock lobster industry in Cearà has grown rapidly since 1955, when the United tates and Europe demand for lobster has steadily increased. During the industry evelopment process, lobster has become a major item in the export sector of CearÃ, as created several jobs and has increased state income and government revenue. evertheless, the lack of a sustainable lobster-fishing programme and recent trends in the international market for this product, the relative economic relevance of this ndustry may be at stake. This work contributes through the use of econometric echniques, cointegra
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O'Keefe, Marianna Staba. "The relationship of external factors, internal factors, and productivity improvement programs on productivity in two apparel manufacturing plants." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90952.

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This study examined three broad areas which related to plant level productivity in two apparel manufacturing plants. First, external factors, specifically unemployment and seasonal cycles, were examined. Second, internal organizational factors involving the size of the organization over time and the absenteeism rate within the company were studied. Finally, after holding constant the effects of the above factors, this study examined the impact of two types of positive incentive programs on employee productivity. It was hypothesized that there would be a positive relationship between unemploy
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Terada, Takashi. "External US pressure on Japan's policy reform in the case of large-scale retail store law." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/123186.

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The Structural Impediments Initiative (SII) talks held from September 1989 to July 1990 represented the first attempt by Japan and the United States to harmonise their domestic problems in international trade negotiations. These bilateral talks were also the first of their kind to delve into a comprehensive review of domestic laws and intrinsic business practices. In this sense, the SII talks may be seen as a preamble to mutual arrangements by domestic economies of their respective institutions and practices. This is likely to feature more prominently in the field of international relat
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Troyer, Linda Elizabeth Carleton University Dissertation International Affairs. "External actors and regional cooperation; the effects of United States policies on regional cooperation in the Commonwealth Caribbean." Ottawa, 1985.

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Said, Habib. "External States as Spoilers in Peace processes : A case study of the USA in Afghanistan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-80188.

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The complexity of spoilers in the conflict resolution and the breakdown of the peace process through violence or other method have made spoiling an interesting topic. The discussion and the research on the spoiler has contributed to understanding the nature of the issue of spoilers. However, the discussion is rolling over the perception of spoiler and the obstacle of spoiling behavior. Some researchers are focusing on spoiling behavior of internal and external spoiler who are within the country of the conflict, while some of the recent researches concentrate on the spoiling actions of states o
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Książki na temat "Debts, External United States"

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Cline, William R. The United States as a debtor nation. Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 2005.

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Bordo, Michael D. How "original sin" was overcome: The evolution of external debt denominated in domestic currencies in the United States and the British dominions 1800-2000. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Baer, Werner. United States policies and Latin America's trade and debt. [Urbana, Ill.]: College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1989.

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1941-, Bergsten C. Fred, and Peterson Institute for International Economics., eds. The long-term international economic position of the United States. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute for International Economics, 2009.

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Development, Center for Global, and Institute for International Economics (U.S.), eds. The United States as a debtor nation: Risks and policy response. Washington, DC: Center for Global Development, 2005.

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United, States Congress Senate Committee on Finance Subcommittee on Deficits Debt Management and International Debt. Impact of capital flight on Latin American debt: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Deficits, Debt Management, and International Debt of the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, first session, June 12, 1991. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on International Debt. Impact of the Latin American debt crisis on the United States: Hearing before the Subcommittee on International Debt of the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One hundredth Congress, first session, March 9, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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Affairs, United States Congress Senate Committee on Foreign Relations Subcommittee on African. African debt crisis: Hearing before the Subcommittee on African Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session ... October 24, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on Deficits, Debt Management, and International Debt. Former Soviet Union debt rescheduling: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Deficits, Debt Management, and International Debt of the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, May 1, 1992. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on Deficits, Debt Management, and International Debt. Soviet debt: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Deficits, Debt Management, and International Debt of the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, first session, October 21, 1991. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.

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Części książek na temat "Debts, External United States"

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Keynes, John Maynard. "War Debts and the United States." In Essays in Persuasion, 37–53. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-59072-8_5.

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Vatter, Matthew, and Richard J. Larkin. "United States of America." In The External Dimension of the European Union's Critical Infrastructure Protection Programme, 213–23. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003273769-21.

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de Beaumont, Gustave, and Alexis de Tocqueville. "Appendix No. 7: Imprisonment for Debts in the United States." In On the Penitentiary System in the United States and its Application to France, 213–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70799-0_14.

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Maggor, Noam, and Stephen W. Sawyer. "Fiscal Federalism: Local Debt and the Construction of the Modern State in the United States and France." In A World of Public Debts, 231–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48794-2_10.

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Ottinger, Richard L. "Incorporation of Environmental Externalities in the United States of America." In External Environmental Costs of Electric Power, 353–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76712-8_25.

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Smith, Michael. "The United States and 1992: Responses to a Changing European Community." In The External Relations of the European Community, 31–54. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22207-0_3.

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Alston, Julian M., and Abigail M. Okrent. "Causes of Obesity: External Influences." In The Effects of Farm and Food Policy on Obesity in the United States, 105–34. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-47831-3_5.

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Williams, Andrew J. "Difficult Relations in the 1920s — of Reparations, Debts and ‘Rumo(u)rs of War’." In France, Britain and the United States in the Twentieth Century 1900–1940, 94–132. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137315458_4.

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Cohn, Peter F. "The United States Multicenter Study of Enhanced External Counterpulsation (MUST-EECP)." In Advances in Noninvasive Electrocardiographic Monitoring Techniques, 283–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4090-4_27.

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Aslan, Ömer. "External Support and Military Coups D’état During the Cold War." In The United States and Military Coups in Turkey and Pakistan, 39–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66011-0_2.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Debts, External United States"

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Ganiev, Junus, and Damira Baigonushova. "External Debt Sustainability in the Eurasian Economic Union Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02383.

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After the global financial crisis, there have been serious increases in state debt of most countries. In addition, the debts for economic development are constantly increasing in the Eurasian Economic Union countries. As a result, the sustainability problem of government debt arises. In some countries, such as Kyrgyzstan, a significant portion of government debt is taken from a single country. This situation increases the risk even more. The aim of the study is to analyze the sustainability of state debts comparatively in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. To this end, the current s
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White, James, Katherine Taylor, Jonny Martin, Steven Carrell, and Roland Palmer-Jones. "Estimating Pipeline Probability of Failure Due to External Interference Damage Using Machine Learning Algorithms Trained on In-Line Inspection Data." In 2022 14th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2022-87093.

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Abstract External interference damage is one of the main causes of pipeline failure reported in publicly available industry statistics from agencies such as the Canada Energy Regulator (CER) and the United States Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA). Thus, failures due to external interference are often the most significant contributors to pipeline probability of failure in risk assessments and can play a significant role in operator decisions regarding risk-control expenditures, for example when it comes to the installation of additional impact protection, pipeline d
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Öztürk, Serdar, Ali Sözdemir, and Özlem Ülger. "The Global Economic Crisis and its Effects on the Monetary Policy of Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00536.

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Capitalism has faced the most severe and the longest crisis since 1929. Resource of the emerging financial crisis in the second half of 2007 was mortgage crisis that experienced in the United States. The collapse of housing market has caused great instability in the financial markets and then turned into the strong liquidity crisis and spread all over the world. The impact of global economic crisis on the world economies in the last quarter of 2008 was very fast and it occured in a devastating way. In this process, the asset prices declined, capital of financial institutions seriously damaged
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Karatalov, Omurbek. "Open Economy and Economic Integration within the Framework of Eurasia." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00633.

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The Kyrgyz Republic economy openness is studied within the framework of the Eurasia. Insufficient level of the financial and economic standing of Kyrgyzstan is clarified. Reasons for Governmental regulating use in the area of monetary, tax and budget policy in USA have been set up. Conditions of the development of industrial countries economy are under consideration. The necessity of financialisation of all capital of country is defined. Kyrgyzstan public budget’s permanent deficiency formation reasons are studied. A necessity of integration economic relations development within the framework
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Lutz, Robert J., and Robert P. Prior. "Comparison of Fukushima Response in the United States and Europe." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60101.

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The accident at the three reactor units at Fukushima Daiichi showed weaknesses in the plant coping capability for beyond design basis accidents caused by extreme external events. The weaknesses included plant design features, accident management procedures and guidance, and offsite emergency response. As a result, significant changes to plant coping capability have been made to light water reactors worldwide to enhance the coping capabilities for beyond design basis accidents. However, the response in the United States has been significantly different from that in Europe in a number of ways. I
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Karaköy, Çağatay, Ahmet Uzun, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "The Changes in Foreign Debt for the Transition Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00279.

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1989 and the years following 1991 were the times in which many important economic and political turnovers had taken place in the world. That was the time when Berlin Wall fall down with scattering the Eastern block and many politically and economically independent states came into being, at the same time, ongoing about 70 years socialist system also started to spin into liberal system. The constituted 27 states in 1991 were tended to liberal economic system instead of socialist economy, and these stated were called as transition economies. With the transition period, there has have been signif
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Manwell, James, Anthony Rogers, Jon McGowan, and Christopher Elkinton. "Characterization of External Conditions for the Design of Offshore Wind Energy Systems for the United States." In 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2004-1008.

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Donald, John, and Mike Klassen. "Comparing engineering leadership curricula in Canada and the United States: The role of external and internal influences." In 2018 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie.2018.8658444.

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Driscoll, Matthew J., and Peter D. Descar. "Investigation of Compressor Rear Frame Cracking of United States Navy LM2500 Gas Turbine Engines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90115.

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In December 2000, a 7” long axial crack was visually identified on the compressor rear frame of an LM2500 propulsion gas turbine engine aboard the USS MITSCHER (DDG 57). This was originally thought to be a unique failure mode possibly caused by misaligned brackets external to the engine imparting undo thermal stresses onto the engine casing and flange. Since that time, 17 additional engines in the Navy fleet have been identified with either the large axial crack on the compressor casing or a small craze crack on the CRF flange, which appears to be the origination point prior to crack propagati
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Pang, De-liang, and Hong-wei Su. "A Test of Granger Causality between Internal and External Imbalances: The Case of China, Japan and United States." In 2010 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2010.5577179.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Debts, External United States"

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Bordo, Michael, Christopher Meissner, and Angela Redish. How "Original Sin" was Overcome: The Evolution of External Debt Denominated in Domestic Currencies in the United States and the British Dominions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9841.

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Martin, Matthew. The Crisis of Extreme Inequality in SADC: Fighting austerity and the pandemic. Oxfam, Development Finance International, Norwegian Church Aid, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.8793.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the extreme inequality in Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, and pushed millions into poverty. The economic crisis continues due to the obscene global vaccine inequality. As of end March 2022, a dismal 14% of SADC citizens had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19, compared with 65.5% in the United States and 73% in the European Union. In 2021, with infections rising in SADC, the critical health, social protection and economic programmes put in place by most governments in 2020 were rolled back and replaced with austerity, in the contex
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Martin, Matthew. The Crisis of Extreme Inequality in SADC: Fighting austerity and the pandemic. Oxfam, Development Finance International, Norwegian Church Aid, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.8793.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the extreme inequality in Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, and pushed millions into poverty. The economic crisis continues due to the obscene global vaccine inequality. As of end March 2022, a dismal 14% of SADC citizens had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19, compared with 65.5% in the United States and 73% in the European Union. In 2021, with infections rising in SADC, the critical health, social protection and economic programmes put in place by most governments in 2020 were rolled back and replaced with austerity, in the contex
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Vargas-Herrera, Hernando, Juan Jose Ospina-Tejeiro, Carlos Alfonso Huertas-Campos, Adolfo León Cobo-Serna, Edgar Caicedo-García, Juan Pablo Cote-Barón, Nicolás Martínez-Cortés, et al. Monetary Policy Report - April de 2021. Banco de la República de Colombia, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr2-2021.

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1.1 Macroeconomic summary Economic recovery has consistently outperformed the technical staff’s expectations following a steep decline in activity in the second quarter of 2020. At the same time, total and core inflation rates have fallen and remain at low levels, suggesting that a significant element of the reactivation of Colombia’s economy has been related to recovery in potential GDP. This would support the technical staff’s diagnosis of weak aggregate demand and ample excess capacity. The most recently available data on 2020 growth suggests a contraction in economic activity of 6.8%, lowe
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Belcher, Scott, Terri Belcher, Kathryn Seckman, Brandon Thomas, and Homayun Yaqub. Aligning the Transit Industry and Their Vendors in the Face of Increasing Cyber Risk: Recommendations for Identifying and Addressing Cybersecurity Challenges. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2113.

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Public transit agencies in the United States depend on external vendors to help deliver and maintain many essential services and to provide critical technologies, from ticket purchases to scheduling to email management. While the integration of new, advanced technologies into the public transit industry brings important advancements to U.S. critical transportation infrastructure, the application of digital technologies also brings with it a new assortment of digital risks. Transit agencies of all sizes are finding themselves subject to cyber incidents—most notably ransomware attacks—like those
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Friedler, Haley S., Michelle B. Leavy, Eric Bickelman, Barbara Casanova, Diana Clarke, Danielle Cooke, Andy DeMayo, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Data Use and Governance Toolkit. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressiontoolkit.

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Executive Summary Patient registries are important tools for advancing research, improving healthcare quality, and supporting health policy. Registries contain vast amounts of data that could be used for new purposes when linked with other sources or shared with researchers. This toolkit was developed to summarize current best practices and provide information to assist registries interested in sharing data. The contents of this toolkit were developed based on review of the literature, existing registry practices, interviews with registries, and input from key stakeholders involved in the shar
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Friedler, Haley S., Michelle B. Leavy, Eric Bickelman, Barbara Casanova, Diana Clarke, Danielle Cooke, Andy DeMayo, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Data Use and Governance Toolkit. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressiontoolkit.

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Executive Summary Patient registries are important tools for advancing research, improving healthcare quality, and supporting health policy. Registries contain vast amounts of data that could be used for new purposes when linked with other sources or shared with researchers. This toolkit was developed to summarize current best practices and provide information to assist registries interested in sharing data. The contents of this toolkit were developed based on review of the literature, existing registry practices, interviews with registries, and input from key stakeholders involved in the shar
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Chandrasekhar, C. P. The Long Search for Stability: Financial Cooperation to Address Global Risks in the East Asian Region. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp153.

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Forced by the 1997 Southeast Asian crisis to recognize the external vulnerabilities that openness to volatile capital flows result in and upset over the post-crisis policy responses imposed by the IMF, countries in the sub-region saw the need for a regional financial safety net that can pre-empt or mitigate future crises. At the outset, the aim of the initiative, then led by Japan, was to create a facility or design a mechanism that was independent of the United States and the IMF, since the former was less concerned with vulnerabilities in Asia than it was in Latin America and that the latter
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2004 United States Animal Health Report. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7204064.aphis.

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This report—a national overview of domestic animal health in the United States for 2004—is a direct result of an external review of the Nation’s animal health safeguarding system. The Animal Health Safeguarding Review assessed the performance, processes, and procedures used to ensure the success of the mission of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)–Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service’s (APHIS) Veterinary Services (VS) program: to protect and to improve the health, quality, and marketability of our Nation’s animals, animal products, and veterinary biologics.
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Monetary Policy Report - January 2022. Banco de la República, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr1-2022.

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Macroeconomic summary Several factors contributed to an increase in projected inflation on the forecast horizon, keeping it above the target rate. These included inflation in December that surpassed expectations (5.62%), indexation to higher inflation rates for various baskets in the consumer price index (CPI), a significant real increase in the legal minimum wage, persistent external and domestic inflationary supply shocks, and heightened exchange rate pressures. The CPI for foods was affected by the persistence of external and domestic supply shocks and was the most significant contributor t
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