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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Dense Glassy Systems”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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1

Mandal, Rituparno, Pranab Jyoti Bhuyan, Madan Rao, and Chandan Dasgupta. "Active fluidization in dense glassy systems." Soft Matter 12, no. 29 (2016): 6268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm02950c.

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Dense soft glasses show strong collective caging behavior at sufficiently low temperatures. Using numerical simulations, we show that the introduction of activity can induce cage breaking and fluidization in a model of soft glass. The glass phase disappears beyond a critical value of the activity.

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2

Berthier, Ludovic, Elijah Flenner, and Grzegorz Szamel. "Glassy dynamics in dense systems of active particles." Journal of Chemical Physics 150, no. 20 (2019): 200901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5093240.

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Yang, Junjie, Anjana Samarakoon, Sachith Dissanayake, et al. "Spin jam induced by quantum fluctuations in a frustrated magnet." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 37 (2015): 11519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503126112.

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Since the discovery of spin glasses in dilute magnetic systems, their study has been largely focused on understanding randomness and defects as the driving mechanism. The same paradigm has also been applied to explain glassy states found in dense frustrated systems. Recently, however, it has been theoretically suggested that different mechanisms, such as quantum fluctuations and topological features, may induce glassy states in defect-free spin systems, far from the conventional dilute limit. Here we report experimental evidence for existence of a glassy state, which we call a spin jam, in the

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4

Godfrin, P. D., P. Falus, L. Porcar, et al. "Dynamic properties of different liquid states in systems with competing interactions studied with lysozyme solutions." Soft Matter 14, no. 42 (2018): 8570–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01678j.

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Normalized MSDs and simulation snapshots (including only particles in a percolated cluster) are shown for percolated and locally glassy systems. Particles in locally dense regions (with 6 or more neighbors) contributing to locally glassy behavior are blue. All other particles are red and made smaller for clarity.

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5

El-Eskandarany, M. Sherif, and Naser Ali. "Synthesizing of Novel Bulk (Zr67Cu33)100−xWx(x; 5–30 at%) Glassy Alloys by Spark Plasma Sintering of Mechanically Alloyed Powders." Molecules 25, no. 8 (2020): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25081906.

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Metallic glassy alloys with their short-range order have received considerable attention since their discovery in 1960’s. The worldwide interest in metallic glassy alloys is attributed to their unique mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, which cannot be found together in long-range order alloys of the same compositions. Traditional preparation methods of metallic glasses, such as rapid solidification of melts, always restrict the formation of glassy alloys with large atomic fraction (above 3–5 at%) of high melting point metals (Ta, Mo, W). In this study, (Zr67Cu33)100−xWx(x; 5–30 at%

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6

El-Eskandarany, Mohamed Sherif, Naser Ali, and Maryam Saeed. "Glass-Forming Ability and Soft Magnetic Properties of (Co75Ti25)100−xFex (x; 0–20 at.%) Systems Fabricated by SPS of Mechanically Alloyed Nanopowders." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5 (2020): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10050849.

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Due to their outstanding mechanical properties and soft magnetic characteristics, cobalt-based metallic glassy alloys have stimulated much interesting research. These metastable ferromagnetic materials possess very small magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and almost zero magnetostriction. They reveal low coercivity, extremely low core loss, moderate saturation polarization, and very high magnetism. Despite these attractive physical behaviors, Co-based metallic glasses are difficult to obtain by the melting/casting and conventional rapid solidification techniques due to their poor glass-forming abi

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7

Vergadou, Niki, and Doros N. Theodorou. "Molecular Modeling Investigations of Sorption and Diffusion of Small Molecules in Glassy Polymers." Membranes 9, no. 8 (2019): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9080098.

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With a wide range of applications, from energy and environmental engineering, such as in gas separations and water purification, to biomedical engineering and packaging, glassy polymeric materials remain in the core of novel membrane and state-of the art barrier technologies. This review focuses on molecular simulation methodologies implemented for the study of sorption and diffusion of small molecules in dense glassy polymeric systems. Basic concepts are introduced and systematic methods for the generation of realistic polymer configurations are briefly presented. Challenges related to the lo

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8

Lehmkühler, Felix, Birgit Hankiewicz, Martin A. Schroer, et al. "Slowing down of dynamics and orientational order preceding crystallization in hard-sphere systems." Science Advances 6, no. 43 (2020): eabc5916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc5916.

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Despite intensive studies in the past decades, the local structure of disordered matter remains widely unknown. We show the results of a coherent x-ray scattering study revealing higher-order correlations in dense colloidal hard-sphere systems in the vicinity of their crystallization and glass transition. With increasing volume fraction, we observe a strong increase in correlations at both medium-range and next-neighbor distances in the supercooled state, both invisible to conventional scattering techniques. Next-neighbor correlations are indicative of ordered precursor clusters preceding crys

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9

Черепанов, В. В., А. Г. Щурик та Р. А. Миронов. "Оптические свойства отечественного сетчатого стеклоуглерода и его основы". Журнал технической физики 128, № 4 (2020): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/os.2020.04.49206.224-19.

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The paper presents the results of experimental studies and mathematical modeling of the optical properties of glassy carbon and domestic reticulated foam materials based on it. Since the optical properties of the surface are studied on dense samples, dense samples were previously created, identical in physical properties to glassy carbon - the basis of highly porous cellular carbon materials. From the experimentally measured the spectral hemispherical reflectivity of the surface of the samples under its normal illumination and by the Kramers-Kronig relations the spectra of optical constants of

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10

Debets, Vincent E., and Liesbeth M. C. Janssen. "Active glassy dynamics is unaffected by the microscopic details of self-propulsion." Journal of Chemical Physics 157, no. 22 (2022): 224902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0127569.

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Recent years have seen a rapid increase of interest in dense active materials, which, in the disordered state, share striking similarities with the conventional passive glass-forming matter. For such passive glassy materials, it is well established (at least in three dimensions) that the details of the microscopic dynamics, e.g., Newtonian or Brownian, do not influence the long-time glassy behavior. Here, we investigate whether this still holds true in the non-equilibrium active case by considering two simple and widely used active particle models, i.e., active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles (AO

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11

Tian, Jiting, Walter Kob, and Jean-Louis Barrat. "Are strongly confined colloids good models for two dimensional liquids?" Journal of Chemical Physics 156, no. 16 (2022): 164903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0086749.

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Quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) colloidal hard-sphere suspensions confined in a slit geometry are widely used as two-dimensional (2D) model systems in experiments that probe the glassy relaxation dynamics of 2D systems. However, the question to what extent these quasi-2D systems indeed represent 2D systems is rarely brought up. Here, we use computer simulations that take into account hydrodynamic interactions to show that dense quasi-2D colloidal bi-disperse hard-sphere suspensions exhibit much more rapid diffusion and relaxation than their 2D counterparts at the same area fraction. This diff

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12

Volpe, Sharon Carol, Dino Leporini, and Francesco Puosi. "Structure and Mechanical Properties of a Porous Polymer Material via Molecular Dynamics Simulations." Polymers 15, no. 2 (2023): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020358.

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We characterize, using molecular dynamics simulations, the structure and mechanical response of a porous glassy system, obtained via arrested phase separation of a model polymer melt. In the absence of external driving, coarsening dynamics, with power-law time dependence, controls the slow structural evolution, in agreement with what was reported for other phase-separating systems. The mechanical response was investigated in athermal quasi-static conditions. In the elastic regime, low values for the Young’s and shear modulus were found, as compared to dense glassy systems, which originate from

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13

Klongvessa, Natsuda, Christophe Ybert, Cécile Cottin-Bizonne, Takeshi Kawasaki, and Mathieu Leocmach. "Aging or DEAD: Origin of the non-monotonic response to weak self-propulsion in active glasses." Journal of Chemical Physics 156, no. 15 (2022): 154509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087578.

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Among amorphous states, glass is defined by relaxation times longer than the observation time. This nonergodic nature makes the understanding of glassy systems an involved topic, with complex aging effects or responses to further out-of-equilibrium external drivings. In this respect, active glasses made of self-propelled particles have recently emerged as a stimulating systems, which broadens and challenges our current understanding of glasses by considering novel internal out-of-equilibrium degrees of freedom. In previous experimental studies we have shown that in the ergodicity broken phase,

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14

Mandal, Rituparno, and Peter Sollich. "Shear-induced orientational ordering in an active glass former." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 39 (2021): e2101964118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101964118.

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Dense assemblies of self-propelled particles that can form solid-like states also known as active or living glasses are abundant around us, covering a broad range of length scales and timescales: from the cytoplasm to tissues, from bacterial biofilms to vehicular traffic jams, and from Janus colloids to animal herds. Being structurally disordered as well as strongly out of equilibrium, these systems show fascinating dynamical and mechanical properties. Using extensive molecular dynamics simulation and a number of distinct dynamical and mechanical order parameters, we differentiate three dynami

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15

Chepizhko, Oleksandr, Costanza Giampietro, Eleonora Mastrapasqua, et al. "Bursts of activity in collective cell migration." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 41 (2016): 11408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1600503113.

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Dense monolayers of living cells display intriguing relaxation dynamics, reminiscent of soft and glassy materials close to the jamming transition, and migrate collectively when space is available, as in wound healing or in cancer invasion. Here we show that collective cell migration occurs in bursts that are similar to those recorded in the propagation of cracks, fluid fronts in porous media, and ferromagnetic domain walls. In analogy with these systems, the distribution of activity bursts displays scaling laws that are universal in different cell types and for cells moving on different substr

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16

Dollet, B., A. Scagliarini, and M. Sbragaglia. "Two-dimensional plastic flow of foams and emulsions in a channel: experiments and lattice Boltzmann simulations." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 766 (February 9, 2015): 556–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.28.

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AbstractIn order to understand the flow profiles of complex fluids, a crucial issue concerns the emergence of spatial correlations among plastic rearrangements exhibiting cooperativity flow behaviour at the macroscopic level. In this paper, the rate of plastic events in a Poiseuille flow is experimentally measured on a confined foam in a Hele-Shaw geometry. The correlation with independently measured velocity profiles is quantified by looking at the relationship between the localisation length of the velocity profiles and the localisation length of the spatial distribution of plastic events. T

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17

Huang, T., M. N. Rahaman, T.-I. Mah, and T. A. Parthasarathay. "Effect of SiO2 and Y2O3 additives on the anisotropic grain growth of dense mullite." Journal of Materials Research 15, no. 3 (2000): 718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0104.

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Mullite powder with a nearly stoichiometric composition was doped with 1.5–5 wt% SiO2 or 0.5–1.0 wt% Y2O3 and hot pressed at 1525–1550 °C to produce almost fully dense materials. The effect of the additives on the grain growth of the dense systems was investigated during subsequent annealing at temperatures above that of the eutectic (∼1590 °C) for the SiO2–Al2O3 system. The average length and width of the grains were measured by image analysis of polished and etched sections. At 1750 °C, anisotropic grain growth was relatively rapid, leading to the formation of rodlike grains. Compared to the

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18

Donaldson, C. H. "Convective fractionation during magnetite and hematite dissolution in silicate melts." Mineralogical Magazine 57, no. 388 (1993): 469–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1993.057.388.09.

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AbstractSingle crystals of magnetite and of hematite have been dissolved at atmospheric pressure in superheated melts in the systems CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2, and in a basalt. The crystals were suspended in alumina crucibles containing ca 3.5 cm 3 of melt. Quenched run products were examined optically and by electron probe analysis to establish the distribution of Fe in the glassy charges. There is usually a concentration of Fe at the base of a run product, consistent with flow of dissolved matter from the crystal to the floor. One or more columns of brown, Fe-rich glass may exten

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19

Averback, R. S. "Defects and Diffusion in Amorphous Alloys." MRS Bulletin 16, no. 11 (1991): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400055524.

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Since 1959 when P. Duwez showed at Caltech that Au-Si alloys could be quenched into a glassy state, there has been much interest in elucidating the nature of these amorphous materials. Certainly part of the motivation for studying amorphous alloys derives from their potential technological value: they are characterized by high hardness, corrosion and oxidation resistance, and high magnetic permeabilites and electrical resistivities but an equally strong motivation is simply that they are interesting materials. Scientific curiosity is stimulated by such fundamental questions as: What is their s

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20

Rosche, Matthias, Roland G. Winkler, Peter Reineker, and Michael Schulz. "Topologically induced glass transition in dense polymer systems." Journal of Chemical Physics 112, no. 6 (2000): 3051–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.480880.

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21

Robles, M., M. López de Haro, A. Santos, and S. Bravo Yuste. "Is there a glass transition for dense hard-sphere systems?" Journal of Chemical Physics 108, no. 3 (1998): 1290–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475499.

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22

KURCHAN, JORGE. "DENSE GRANULAR MEDIA AS ATHERMAL GLASSES." Advances in Complex Systems 04, no. 04 (2001): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525901000309.

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We briefly describe how mean-field glass models can be extended to the case where the bath and friction are non-thermal. Solving their dynamics, one discovers a temperature with a thermodynamic meaning associated with the slow rearrangements, even though there is no thermodynamic temperature at the level of fast dynamics. This temperature can be shown to match the one defined on the basis of a flat measure over blocked (jammed) configurations. Numerical checks on realistic systems suggest that these features may be valid in general.

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23

Ness, Christopher, Ryohei Seto, and Romain Mari. "The Physics of Dense Suspensions." Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 13, no. 1 (2022): 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031620-105938.

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Dense suspensions of particles are relevant to many applications and are a key platform for developing a fundamental physics of out-of-equilibrium systems. They present challenging flow properties, apparently turning from liquid to solid upon small changes in composition or, intriguingly, in the driving forces applied to them. The emergent physics close to the ubiquitous jamming transition (and to some extent the glass and gelation transitions) provides common principles with which to achieve a consistent interpretation of a vast set of phenomena reported in the literature. In light of this, w

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24

Miloševski, Darko, Ranko Adjiski, and Emilija Fidančevska. "Liquid phase sintering of dense and porous composites obtained from industrial wastes." Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 28, no. 2 (2009): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.20450/mjcce.2009.210.

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Metallurgical slag and waste TV glass hawe been used for fabrication of ceramic-glass composite with a controlled porosity. A dense composite consisted of 70 wt% slag and 30 wt% TV glass sintered at 1000 ºC/2h, with the integral porosity of 16 %, has the E–modulus and bending strength of 26.0±1.6 GPa and 60.8±1.9 MPa, respectively. Slag with granulation of 0.125÷0.063 mm and 20 wt% TV glass, sintered at 950 ºC/2h possesses integral porosity of 37 % and E-modulus and bending strength of 11.86±2 GPa and 23.14±2 MPa, respectively, while the composite with the same composition but with porosity of

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Bossert, J., E. Fidancevska, B. Mangutova, B. Panova, D. Milosevski, and M. Milosevski. "Liquid phase sintering of dense and porous glass-ceramics from coal fly-ash and waste glass." Science of Sintering 36, no. 2 (2004): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos0402087b.

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Glass-ceramics were produced utilizing fly-ash from coal power stations and waste glass of TV monitors, windows and flask glass. The powder technology route was employed. The mixture of 50% fly ash and 50% waste TV glass increases the bending strength from 12?1 to 56?4 MPa and E-modulus from 6?1 to 26?3 GPa. Using polyurethane foam and C-fibers as pore creators porosity of 70?4 and 55?5 %, respectively, can be obtained-modulus and bending strength of the porous systems obtained by polyurethane foam and C-fibers was 2.7?0.5 GPa and 4.5?1 MPa and 7.1?1 GPa and 9.3?2 MPa respectively.

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26

Yao, J. H., H. Yang, J. Zhang, J. Q. Wang, and Y. Li. "The influence of Nb and Zr on glass-formation ability in the ternary Fe–Nb–B and Fe–Zr–B and quaternary Fe–(Nb,Zr)–B alloy systems." Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 2 (2008): 392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2008.0055.

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Glass-forming ability (GFA) in relation to microstructure evolution in the ternary Fe–Nb–B and Fe–Zr–B and quaternary Fe–(Nb,Zr)–B systems was systematically studied in a three-dimensional composition space. Through navigating, it was revealed that alloys with the optimum glass-forming ability (GFA) are coupled with composition regions surrounded by competing crystalline phases. Alloys Fe71Nb6B23, Fe77Zr4B19, and Fe71(Nb0.8Zr0.2)6B23 were illustrated to be the best glass formers in the ternary Fe–Nb–B and Fe–Zr–B systems and the quaternary Fe–(Nb,Zr)–B system, respectively, with a critical siz

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27

Agliari, Elena, Alberto Fachechi, and Chiara Marullo. "Nonlinear PDEs approach to statistical mechanics of dense associative memories." Journal of Mathematical Physics 63, no. 10 (2022): 103304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0095411.

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Dense associative memories (DAMs) are widely used models in artificial intelligence for pattern recognition tasks; computationally, they have been proven to be robust against adversarial inputs and, theoretically, leveraging their analogy with spin-glass systems, they are usually treated by means of statistical-mechanics tools. Here, we develop analytical methods, based on nonlinear partial differential equations, to investigate their functioning. In particular, we prove differential identities involving DAM’s partition function and macroscopic observables useful for a qualitative and quantita

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Wang, Qing, Chun Lei Zhu, Yan Hui Li, et al. "Cluster-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Formation in Co (-Fe)-Si-B-Nb Alloy Systems." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 1275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.1275.

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The present paper investigates the bulk metallic glass formation in Co-based alloy systems with the guidance of the cluster line and minor-alloying principles. The selected basic ternary Co-B-Si alloy compositions are intersecting points of cluster lines, defined by linking special binary clusters to the third element. Then these basic ternary alloys are further minor-alloyed with Nb and quaternary bulk metallic glasses are obtained only by 4-5 at. % Nb minor-alloying of the basic composition Co68.6B25.7Si5.7 that is developed from dense-packed cluster Co8B3. The bulk metallic glasses are expr

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29

Jin, Yi, Aixi Zhang, Sarah E. Wolf, et al. "Glasses denser than the supercooled liquid." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 31 (2021): e2100738118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100738118.

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When aged below the glass transition temperature, Tg, the density of a glass cannot exceed that of the metastable supercooled liquid (SCL) state, unless crystals are nucleated. The only exception is when another polyamorphic SCL state exists, with a density higher than that of the ordinary SCL. Experimentally, such polyamorphic states and their corresponding liquid–liquid phase transitions have only been observed in network-forming systems or those with polymorphic crystalline states. In otherwise simple liquids, such phase transitions have not been observed, either in aged or vapor-deposited

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Jeong, Ho-Jung, Ye-Chan Kim, Sung-Tae Kim, et al. "Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells Integrated with Subwavelength Structured Cover Glass Fabricated by One-Step Self-Masked Etching." Micromachines 11, no. 9 (2020): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11090877.

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We report an anti-reflective cover glass for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells. Subwavelength structures (SWSs) were fabricated on top of a cover glass using one-step self-masked etching. The etching method resulted in dense whiskers with high aspect ratio. The produced structure exhibited excellent anti-reflective properties over a broad wavelength range, from the ultraviolet to the near infrared. Compared to a flat-surface glass, the average transmittance of the glass integrated with the SWSs improved from 92.4% to 95.2%. When the cover glass integrated with the SWSs was mounted onto

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LU, Baochen, Haitao LIU, Xin REN, Xiaoliang WANG, Gang LI, and Yuejun SUN. "AN ATOM DENSE PACKING MODEL FOR METALLIC GLASS WITH HIGH SOLUTE CONCENTRATION IN (PSEUDO--) TERNARY SYSTEMS." ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA 48, no. 2 (2013): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1037.2011.00676.

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Saleh, Omar A., Byoung-jin Jeon, and Tim Liedl. "Enzymatic degradation of liquid droplets of DNA is modulated near the phase boundary." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 28 (2020): 16160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2001654117.

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Biomolecules can undergo liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), forming dense droplets that are increasingly understood to be important for cellular function. Analogous systems are studied as early-life compartmentalization mechanisms, for applications as protocells, or as drug-delivery vehicles. In many of these situations, interactions between the droplet and enzymatic solutes are important to achieve certain functions. To explore this, we carried out experiments in which a model LLPS system, formed from DNA “nanostar” particles, interacted with a DNA-cleaving restriction enzyme, SmaI, whose

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Dudina, Dina V., Vyacheslav I. Kvashnin, Alexander A. Matvienko, et al. "Towards a Better Understanding of the Interaction of Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 Metallic Glass with Aluminum: Growth of Intermetallics and Formation of Kirkendall Porosity during Sintering." Chemistry 5, no. 1 (2023): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5010011.

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Metallic-glass-reinforced metal matrix composites are a novel class of composite materials, in which particles of alloys with an amorphous structure play the role of reinforcement. During the fabrication of these composites, a crystalline metal is in contact with a multicomponent alloy of an amorphous structure. In the present work, the morphological features of the reaction products formed upon the interaction of Fe66Cr10Nb5B19 metallic glass particles with aluminum were studied. The composites were processed via spark plasma sintering (SPS), hot pressing or a combination of SPS and furnace a

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Silyn-Roberts, G., and G. Lewis. "A technique in confocal laser microscopy for establishing biofilm coverage and thickness." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 10 (1997): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0372.

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This study uses confocal laser scanning microscopy to determine the coverage and thickness of biofilms on rock types commonly used in wetland sewage treatment systems in New Zealand. Samples of scoria, greywacke and slag - with glass used as a comparison - were submerged in subsurface flow wetlands and examined after six weeks. An image analysis technique was used to quantitatively determine the coverage and thickness of each biofilm. The technique consisted of the biofilm quantification of each individual image obtained from the confocal optical sectioning. The results indicated that the biof

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Gebauer, R., and M. Martinková. "Effects of pressure on the root systems of Norway spruce plants (Picea abies[L.] Karst.)." Journal of Forest Science 51, No. 6 (2012): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4563-jfs.

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Roots are stressed quire often under natural conditions, e.g. when considering sloping terrain, layers of fluvial deposits, huge layers of melting snow, load of heavy forest machinery during logging and hauling operations, recreational activities of people, high density of deer or cattle, etc. We focused our experiments on Norway spruce (Picea abies[L.] Karst.) seedlings grown in containers with glass walls under the permanent load of 5.1 kPa during the whole growing season. The applied pressure affected roots both directly and indirectly due to the occurrence of hypoxia. Root growth ceased un

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Mastropasqua, Luca, Francesca Drago, Paolo Chiesa, and Antonio Giuffrida. "Oxygen Transport Membranes for Efficient Glass Melting." Membranes 10, no. 12 (2020): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10120442.

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Glass manufacturing is an energy-intensive process in which oxy-fuel combustion can offer advantages over the traditional air-blown approach. Examples include the reduction of NOx and particulate emissions, improved furnace operations and enhanced heat transfer. This paper presents a one-dimensional mathematical model solving mass, momentum and energy balances for a planar oxygen transport membrane module. The main modelling parameters describing the surface oxygen kinetics and the microstructure morphology of the support are calibrated on experimental data obtained for a 30 μm thick dense La0

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Alqahtani, A. M., M. S. Alqahtani, K. I. Hussein, A. J. Alkulib, F. F. Alqahtani, and E. Yousef. "Radiation protection assessment of gamma photons in 64TeO2–10WO3–10Nb2O5– 15KF–1La2O3 glasses doped with Tm2O3 using photon-shielding and dosimetry software." Chalcogenide Letters 18, no. 9 (2021): 513–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2021.189.513.

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Radiation-shielding applications are necessary to protect against deleterious effects of radiation. This study tested thulium oxide (Tm2O3) added to the glass-system composition 64TeO2–10WO3–10Nb2O5–15KF–1La2O3. Adding Tm2O3 increased sample density from 5.22 to 5.40 g/cm3 and measured at photon energy of 15 keV–15 MeV. Multiple radiationshielding parameters were evaluated and assessed using photon-shielding and dosimetry software, including linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half-value layers, mean free paths, atomic and electronic cross sections, effective atomic numbers, effective el

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Alqahtani, A. M., M. S. Alqahtani, K. I. Hussein, et al. "Study of ionizing radiation attenuation of glass as: gamma rays shielding material." Chalcogenide Letters 19, no. 4 (2022): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2022.194.227.

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The primary application of radiation shielding is to safeguard against the harmful effects of radiation. This study investigated the addition of thulium oxide (Tm2O3) to a glass system with a composition of 75 TeO2–5 Li2O–10 ZnO– (10-x)Nb2O5. Multiple radiationshielding parameters, including linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half-value layers, mean free paths, atomic and electronic cross-sections, effective atomic numbers, and effective electron density, were evaluated. The study compared the half-value layer values of the new composite to those of well-known radiation-shielding materi

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Talebzadeh, Reza, Farhad Mehdizadeh, and Ali Naseri. "4-Channel Tunable Optical Demultiplexer Based on Nonlinearity Phenomenon in 2D Resonant Cavity Photonic Crystals." Frequenz 74, no. 1-2 (2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2019-0082.

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AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new structure based on photonic crystals to realise a demultiplexing operation for dense wavelength division multiplexing transmission systems. In this demultiplexer, the resonant cavities were responsible for selecting the wavelength. By imposing defect rods to these cavities, the modes could resonate at the desired frequencies. As we wanted to see the nonlinear effects, the material that was chosen for defect rods were doped glass. The refractive index of this glass in 1550 nm is 1.41. Increasing the input power causes variation in the refractive index of

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Kolinski, Andrzej, Jeffrey Skolnick, and Robert Yaris. "On the short time dynamics of dense polymeric systems and the origin of the glass transition: A model system." Journal of Chemical Physics 84, no. 3 (1986): 1922–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.450442.

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Shvedova, M. A., O. V. Artamonova, and A. Yu Rakityanskaya. "Nanoand micro-modification of cement stone with complex additives based on SiO2." Вестник гражданских инженеров 18, no. 6 (2021): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2021-18-6-105-114.

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The research considers the features of the influence of nano-, ultra- and micro-additives based on SiO2 on the processes of hydration, setting, structure formation and strength gain of cement hardening systems. There was used a complex nano-scale additive based on silicon dioxide, sodium liquid glass and metakaolin. It is established that the additives used accelerate the processes of setting and hydration of cement hardening systems. The start time of setting of all modified cement systems is 210 minutes with the corresponding values of plastic strength of 577-582 kPa. Concurrently, the cemen

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Rakhshandehroo, Mehdi, Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof, and Meysam Deghati Najd. "Green Façade (Vertical Greening): Benefits and Threats." Applied Mechanics and Materials 747 (March 2015): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.747.12.

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In the challenge of development in dense urban areas and environmental preservation, sustainability is a significant requirement where green facade (vertical greening) is one of those approaches that flourished during the last decade although it is not a new concept. Hanging or vertical garden, vertical vegetable farms, balcony garden, container or planter box greening, green or eco building, green roof or rooftop garden, wall planter, and green envelop are all different aspects of this idea that demonstrate how wide this landscape can be. Greening the building envelope with vegetation can be

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Lira-Escobedo, J., J. R. Vélez-Cordero, and Pedro E. Ramírez-González. "Spatially heterogeneous dynamics and locally arrested density fluctuations from first principles." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 3 (2022): 033107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0086439.

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We present a first-principles formalism for studying dynamical heterogeneities in glass-forming liquids. Based on the non-equilibrium self-consistent generalized Langevin equation theory, we were able to describe the time-dependent local density profile during the particle interchange among small regions of the fluid. The final form of the diffusion equation contains both the contribution of the chemical potential gradient written in terms of a coarse-grained density and a collective diffusion coefficient as well as the effect of a history-dependent mobility factor. With this diffusion equatio

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Pal, Antara, Vincent A. Martinez, Thiago H. Ito, et al. "Anisotropic dynamics and kinetic arrest of dense colloidal ellipsoids in the presence of an external field studied by differential dynamic microscopy." Science Advances 6, no. 3 (2020): eaaw9733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw9733.

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Anisotropic dynamics on the colloidal length scale is ubiquitous in nature. Of particular interest is the dynamics of systems approaching a kinetically arrested state. The failure of classical techniques for investigating the dynamics of highly turbid suspensions has contributed toward the limited experimental information available up until now. Exploiting the recent developments in the technique of differential dynamic microscopy (DDM), we report the first experimental study of the anisotropic collective dynamics of colloidal ellipsoids with a magnetic hematite core over a wide concentration

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Smith, Benjamin J., and Simon A. M. Hesp. "Crack Pinning in Asphalt Mastic and Concrete: Regular Fatigue Studies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1728, no. 1 (2000): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1728-11.

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The effects of finely dispersed fillers on the fatigue performance of asphalt binders and asphalt concrete mixes at relatively low temperatures are examined. A series of model binder systems containing glass spheres with narrow particle size distributions were used to study the effect of filler particle size on the fatigue performance of the asphalt mastic. Two mastic systems containing ground limestone fillers, which possessed significantly different gradations, also were tested. Fatigue performance was evaluated by applying a constant torsional strain to each specimen in a dynamic rheometer

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Huan, Yu, Jeffrey P. Gill, Johanna B. Fritzinger, et al. "Carbon fiber electrodes for intracellular recording and stimulation." Journal of Neural Engineering 18, no. 6 (2021): 066033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac3dd7.

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Abstract Objective. To understand neural circuit dynamics, it is critical to manipulate and record many individual neurons. Traditional recording methods, such as glass microelectrodes, can only control a small number of neurons. More recently, devices with high electrode density have been developed, but few of them can be used for intracellular recording or stimulation in intact nervous systems. Carbon fiber electrodes (CFEs) are 8 µm-diameter electrodes that can be assembled into dense arrays (pitches ⩾ 80 µm). They have good signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and provide stable extracellular rec

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Gharbi, Amina, Ahmed Yahia Kallel, Olfa Kanoun, et al. "A Biodegradable Bioactive Glass-Based Hydration Sensor for Biomedical Applications." Micromachines 14, no. 1 (2023): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14010226.

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Monitoring changes in edema-associated intracranial pressure that complicates trauma or surgery would lead to improved outcomes. Implantable pressure sensors have been explored, but these sensors require post-surgical removal, leading to the risk of injury to brain tissue. The use of biodegradable implantable sensors would help to eliminate this risk. Here, we demonstrate a bioactive glass (BaG)-based hydration sensor. Fluorine (CaF2) containing BaG (BaG-F) was produced by adding 5, 10 or 20 wt.% of CaF2 to a BaG matrix using a melting manufacturing technique. The structure, morphology and ele

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Menapace, Rupert. "Decades-old windshield-glass perforating injury with limbal iris incarceration, zonular fiber defect, and equatorial lens capsule injury with capsule fibrosis and dense cataract." Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 43, no. 11 (2017): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2017.10.020.

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Agrafonov, Yury V., and Ivan S. Petrushin. "Random First Order Transition from a Supercooled Liquid to an Ideal Glass (Review)." Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 22, no. 3 (2020): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2020.22/2959.

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The random first order transition theory (RFOT) describing the transition from a supercooled liquid to an ideal glass has been actively developed over the last twenty years. This theory is formulated in a way that allows a description of the transition from the initial equilibrium state to the final metastable state without considering any kinetic processes. The RFOT and its applications for real molecular systems (multicomponent liquids with various intermolecular potentials, gel systems, etc.) are widely represented in English-language sources. However, these studies are practically not desc

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Liu, Yang, Xiaoyang Zhan, Yan Wang, et al. "Liquid-Infused Porous Film Self-Assembly for Superior Light-Transmitting and Anti-Adhesion." Micromachines 13, no. 4 (2022): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13040540.

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Liquid-Infused Surfaces (LISs), particularly known for their liquid-repelling feature, have demonstrated plenty of applications in the medical, marine, and energy fields. To improve the durability and transparency highly demanded on glass-based vision devices such as an endoscope, this study proposed a novel self-assembly method to fabricate well-ordered porous Poly-Styrene (PS)/Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene (SBS) films by simply dripping the PS/SBS dichloromethane solutions onto the glass before spinning. The effects of the solutions’ concentrations and spin speeds on the porous structure were ex

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