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Guo, Yu Rong, Yan Xiao, Qing Hu, and Yun Lei Fan. "Development and Application of Networked Structural Laboratories System in Current Hierarchical Network Environment." Key Engineering Materials 400-402 (October 2008): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.400-402.667.
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A networked structural laboratories system for seismic simulation of structures is presented. It consists of an independent network based communication platform (NCP) and various applications based on NCP. The NCP was developed based on client/server concept along with a proposed data model and communication protocols. It is capable of transferring control and feedback data among computers connected by Internet that is a hierarchical network with ubiquitous deployment of middleboxes, such as firewalls and network address translators. Communication speed tests were conducted in various network environments. Applications for hybrid dynamic test of bridge and building structures have been developed and remote hybrid tests of structures were carried out among the Hunan University, the Harbin Institute of Technology, and the Tsinghua University.
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Ginevičius, Romualdas. "Some Problems of Quantitative Evaluation of the State of Social-Economic Systems." Business: Theory and Practice 10, no. (2) (2009): 69–83. https://doi.org/10.3846/1648-0627.2009.10.69-83.
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To facilitate the solution of complicated problems in the complex, dynamic environment, the systems theory based on evaluation of the relationships between their constituent parts and allowing the systems approach to be applied to the analysis of complex structures, phenomena and processes should be used. In this case, it is possible to change the state of the considered complex objects or effectively manage them. To manage a system, you should first quantitatively evaluate its state. For this purpose, a formalized model reflecting the object should be constructed. The above model will reflect the considered object from various perspectives. Taking into consideration that a system is a structured set of interconnected elements, a set of criteria, including a great number of these elements, should also be structured. In this way, the hierarchical structure of the criteria will be obtained. To evaluate it quantitatively, a certain amount of criteria which an expert is able to analyse should be used for making a subsystem. If the number of elements in the subsystem is too big, the structuring continues by introducing some additional hierarchical levels. The obtained hierarchically arranged set of criteria may be quantitatively evaluated by using multicriteria methods.
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Kostenko, K. I., and B. E. Levitskii. "Ontology of hierarchical design of intelligent systems." Ontology of Designing 12, no. 1 (2022): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2223-9537-2022-12-1-68-81.
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A system of concepts used in the technology of designing and application of intelligent systems formalized models is presented. The technology is based on concepts that reflect the commonality of theoretical and empirical ideas about the structural and functional characteristics of knowledge formed in different areas involved in the study of thought processes and memory organization structures. Concept images are implemented as formalized descriptions of the basic elements of intelligent systems, divided into three separate groups: knowledge representation formalisms, multi-dimensional knowledge and memory structures, and cybernetic elements of knowledge and memory structures control. The transformation of abstract concepts from the general mathematical model of an intelligent system into descrip-tions of the entities of applied models of such systems is carried out using homomorphic extension operations. These operations are based on symbolic transformations that specify the content of general mathematical expressions. The application of unified classes of basic concepts of intelligent systems elements and their description formats provides flexibility in the development of models developed out the initial abstract model. The concepts of formalized models of intelligent systems constitute a fragment of the ontology of design management of such systems, used to model de-sign processes.
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Timiryanova, Venera, Kasim Yusupov, and Ruzel Salimyanov. "Relationship Between Consumption and Personal Income Within a Hierarchically Structured Spatial System." Spatial Economics 16, no. 4 (2020): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2020.4.091-112.
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Differentiation in the level of socio-economic development of territories is largely manifested in both inter-regional and intra-regional differences in personal income and consumption of goods. In this regard the methods of hierarchical analysis (HLM, Hierarchical Linear Modeling) that make it possible to study variation at several levels taking into account both municipal and regional factors are acquiring special relevance. Along with hierarchical effects, neighborhood effects can be distinguished. This is possible due to the imposition of a spatial adjacency matrix on the data observing spatial interactions within the spatial-hierarchical models (HSAM, Hierarchical Spatial Autoregressive Modeling). The aim of the study is to better understand the relationship between consumption and personal income within a hierarchically structured and spatially oriented economic system. The analysis uses the data from 2319 municipalities (i.e. municipal districts or rayons) and urban districts (okrugs) in 84 constituent entities of the Russian Federation for 2018. It showed that 38.4% of the variation among municipalities in terms of sold foods volume is explained by regional factors. The developed hierarchical (two-level) model revealed the positive impact of the volume of social benefits and taxable personal income in the municipality, and the volume of per capita retail trade at the level of the Russian Federation constituent entities, on the volume of foods sold within municipalities, and substantiate the negative impact of the Gini index increase, as well as highlight the positive spatial effect
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Vitaly, Baynev, and Fedosin Sergej. "Triangulation grids and hierarchical structures of the models in calculation of LED modules." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.2 (2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.2.9888.
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The paper considers the problem of designing modern lighting devices and optical systems. Analysis of the development of lighting devices shows that the main stage in their development is the calculation of the optical system. The results of this calculation largely determine the lighting and functional characteristics of light devices. The efficiency of existing methods of calculation are not always satisfied of the development. Application and development of specialized software for the calculation and simulation of light devices significantly facilitates and speeds up the process of their design. The paper presents a mathematical model developed by the software system, described in the hierarchical structure of the simulation geometry LED modules and light devices. Light device in a hierarchical structure represented by the root element of the tree, where the housing, the optical system, a light source, protective glass, suspension assembly, and others are nodes. The affine transformation using to calculate of the absolute position of nodes. The geometry of the nodes is modeled using triangulation grids. To simulate smooth surfaces in a triangulated mesh introduced an additional element - the rib. The software package is carried out modeling of LED optical systems and luminaires based on them using surface models, ray tracing and calculation of photometric body.
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Oleh Tkach and Tetiana Masliak. "PLACE AND ROLE OF MODERN REGION IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMICAL SYSTEM." International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy, no. 5(25) (September 30, 2019): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ijite/30092019/6668.
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 Economical regional orient has been investigated with considering an economical process forming and organization by the modern period. The role of leading link in this process is played by reproductive structures – regions – but not by industrial ones – enterprises. The very non-commercial structures are leading link in economic sustainable development. Regional oriental- economical system is an element of state, macro regional and global economic spaces that has distinctly expressed hierarchical structure. The development of regional oriental economical system corresponds to cyclic law and undergoes to various influences. The supply of competitiveness of regions influenced by global tendencies supplying oriental unity, sustainability and management is the main challenge in oriental regional development.
 
 
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Blagodatsky, G. A. "Hierarchical Structure Objects Information Systems Decision Support Developing Process." Intellekt. Sist. Proizv. 21, no. 1 (2023): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/2410-9304-2023-1-97-101.
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Application of methods for designing decision support information systems for hierarchical systems is considered. Determining the interaction parameters of methods for designing decision support information systems for managing hierarchical production and technical systems is an urgent scientific problem, the which solution makes a significant contribution to the development of technologies for designing decision support systems. The process of operation of a decision support system for the analysis of hierarchies using the full graphical interface technology, a functional model of an expert information system for the analysis of hierarchical structures is presented. Hierarchical production and technical systems are complex, which entails great complexity in the development of decision support information systems to manage them. This complexity creates the problem of 'crisis' in the development of such systems for hierarchical production and technical systems. Despite many advantages and a long history of successfully applying the unified design method to the development of information systems, it does not completely overcome the problem of this crisis. To overcome this problem for hierarchical production and technical systems, it is proposed to modify the unified design method and use the synergistic effect from the combined use of structural, object and visual modelling methods in the form of a new design method - a modified system design process. The article presents the scheme and algorithm of the proposed method, the results of the analysis of its application. The possibility of its application to systems with a hierarchical structure is established. Unlike traditional models of information systems, the decision support information system model built according to the new method successfully integrates various subject areas of knowledge due to its visibility and support for object-oriented design technologies, which allows it to be effectively used to create an expert information system model for complex technical systems.
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Qidwai, Uvais, Muhammad Akbar, Muhammad Maqbool, and Mohammed Jahanshahi. "Hierarchical Inspection System Using Visual and MFL Probe Robots." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 7, no. 4 (2018): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v7i4.pp283-296.
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<p>Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) represents a critical appurtenance to modern engineering that amalgamates the skills and techniques from various disciplines of engineering and computational science. Modern civil architectures, involving high-rise buildings, complex structural designs, and innovative shapes, on one hand represent the urban development, but at the same time is a challenge from sustainability perspective. In order to ensure the tenability of such structures, advanced SHM procedures need to be developed. The presented work in this paper is an effort on these lines. The wear and tear in the buildings related to weather, as well as other natural disasters, needs to be monitored regularly and systematically in order to prevent any serious structural damage. In current SHM practices, human experts are deployed at various structurally critical places on these buildings to perform specific measurements and analyze them to decide on the structural health condition. This simple approach is becoming more and more complicated as well as perilous for the human personnel involved, due to the modern architecture that involves greater heights, and complex structures. The proposed system utilizes flying and crawling/roving robots for this purpose. The flying robots, first, scan the surface of the building to any height needed, and then the custom-designed algorithms analyze the images from these scans in order to discern the possible defects/anomalies in the structure. Using these defect pointers, the custom-designed rover robot on top of the structure lowers a robotic probe that scans only those areas for substantiating the anomalies and the degree of defects present.</p>
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Maltauro, Mattia, Roberto Meneghello, and Gianmaria Concheri. "Tolerance Specifications Management Integrated into the Product Development Cycle." Machines 12, no. 2 (2024): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines12020147.
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In tolerancing activities focusing on the allocation of geometrical tolerances, many critical issues originate from the non-optimal assignment of responsibilities among the organization units involved. This paper aims to depict relations between different tolerancing activities and relevant specifications, assigning them to the proper actor and, therefore, expanding the ISO 8015:2011 “responsibility principle”. A classification among tolerancing activities, specifications, and media is proposed; a horizontal hierarchical framework among functional, manufacturing, and verification specifications and a vertical hierarchical framework along the supply chain are discussed. Examples of both hierarchical structures are presented.
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Razak, Tajul Rosli, Iman Hazwam Abd Halim, Muhammad Nabil Fikri Jamaludin, Mohammad Hafiz Ismail, and Shukor Sanim Mohd Fauzi. "An Exploratory Study of Hierarchical Fuzzy Systems Approach in A Recommendation System." Jurnal Intelek 14, no. 2 (2019): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ji.v14i2.233.
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Recommendation system, also known as a recommender system, is a tool to help the user in providing asuggestion of a specific dilemma. Recently, the interest in developing a recommendation system in manyfields has increased. Fuzzy Logic system (FLSs) is one of the approaches that can be used to model therecommendation systems as it can deal with uncertainty and imprecise information. However, one of thefundamental issues in FLS is the problem of the curse of dimensionality. That is, the number of rules inFLSs is increasing exponentially with the number of input variables. One effective way to overcome thisproblem is by using Hierarchical Fuzzy System (HFSs). This paper aims to explore the use of HFSs forRecommendation system. Specifically, we are interested in exploring and comparing the HFS and FLS forthe Career path recommendation system (CPRS) based on four key criteria, namely topology, the numberof rules, the rules structures and interpretability. The findings suggested that the HFS has advantagesover FLS towards improving the interpretability models, in the context of a recommendation systemexample. This study contributes to providing an insight into the development of interpretable HFSs in theRecommendation systems.
 Keywords: Fuzzy Logic Systems, Hierarchical Fuzzy Systems, Recommendation Systems
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Merkulov, S. I. "Progressive Collapse of Structural Systems Considering Force and Corrosion Damage." Reinforced concrete structures 6, no. 2 (2024): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2949-1622.2024.2.3-11.
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The main directions of development of the theory of structural safety of buildings and structures have been formulated. A hierarchical approach to the assessment of structural safety of objects under corrosion damage from structural materials to structural system is proposed. Peculiarities of corrosion damageability of concrete of reinforced concrete structures are determined, mechanisms of force and corrosion effects and their influence on progressive destruction of structural systems of exploited buildings are analyzed.
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Zhang, Shuo, Qin Jiang, Yi Xu, Chuan Fei Guo, and Zhigang Wu. "Facile Fabrication of Self-Similar Hierarchical Micro-Nano Structures for Multifunctional Surfaces via Solvent-Assisted UV-Lasering." Micromachines 11, no. 7 (2020): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11070682.
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Cross-scale self-similar hierarchical micro–nano structures in living systems often provide unique features on surfaces and serve as inspiration sources for artificial materials or devices. For instance, a highly self-similar structure often has a higher fractal dimension and, consequently, a larger active surface area; hence, it would have a super surface performance compared to its peer. However, artificial self-similar surfaces with hierarchical micro–nano structures and their application development have not yet received enough attention. Here, by introducing solvent-assisted UV-lasering, we establish an elegant approach to fabricate self-similar hierarchical micro–nano structures on silicon. The self-similar structure exhibits a super hydrophilicity, a high light absorbance (>90%) in an ultra-broad spectrum (200–2500 nm), and an extraordinarily high efficiency in heat transfer. Through further combinations with other techniques, such surfaces can be used for capillary assembling soft electronics, surface self-cleaning, and so on. Furthermore, such an approach can be transferred to other materials with minor modifications. For instance, by doping carbon in polymer matrix, a silicone surface with hierarchical micro–nano structures can be obtained. By selectively patterning such hierarchical structures, we obtained an ultra-high sensitivity bending sensor. We believe that such a fabrication technique of self-similar hierarchical micro–nano structures may encourage researchers to deeply explore the unique features of functional surfaces with such structures and to further discover their potentials in various applications in diverse directions.
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OGUNI, Kenji, Masayuki SAEKI, Junya INOUE, Takahiro TSUGANO, and Muneo HORI. "DEVELOPMENT OF HIERARCHICAL SENSOR NETWORK SYSTEM FOR INFRASTRUCTURE MONITORING." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu A 64, no. 1 (2008): 82–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jsceja.64.82.
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Liu, Xintao, Yifang Ban, and Songnian Li. "An Across-Country Comparison of the Hierarchical Spatial Structures of Cities." GEOMATICA 68, no. 3 (2014): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5623/cig2014-305.
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This paper investigates the hierarchical structures of 29 selected European countries from the perspective of blocks and natural cities and makes an across-country comparison among the countries. Blocks are minimum cycles consisting of road segments in the road network of a whole country; natural cities are defined as the aggregations of small blocks. We test the size distributions of blocks and natural cities at the country level and find that both exhibit heavy-tailed distributions. The power law distribution of city sizes indicates the presence of the scaling property. Therefore, the cities in a country can be repeatedly grouped into a similar two-tier structure of head and tail via the head/tail division rule. The ascending tiers represent the small, medium, large and mega cities. Accordingly, a simple model is developed to evaluate and cross compare the degree of similarity and stability of the scaling properties and hierarchical structures of cities. Moreover, cities and blocks are the functional units of a country, and the correlation coefficient values between city sizes/number of blocks and economic factors (i.e., gross domestic product and population) are up to 0.87. We further conjecture that the compared results of hierarchies can serve as an indicator to assess a country's economic system.
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Eber, Wolfgang. "Manageability of complex organisational systems – system-theoretical confines of control." Organization, Technology and Management in Construction: an International Journal 14, no. 1 (2022): 2640–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2022-0009.
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Abstract The task of organisation is based on breaking up complex systems into a number of less complex subsystems where the interfaces are well-determined leading inevitably to hierarchical structures. Therewith, the principle need of precisely predefined targets regarding quality and time frames becomes necessary, which in turn enforces establishing controlling procedures. Meanwhile, it is well accepted that controlling processes are demanding resources and therewith form the cost of organisation. Rarely quantitatively regarded is, however, the need of having further resources ready to repair for detected quality deviations. This paper points out where the system-theoretical limits of control lie, based on a mathematical approach of delayed control where a second-order approximation leads to the introduction of terms of perseverance as well as of dissipative terms. On this background, delayed integral controlling meets the characteristics of a harmonic control system and also suffers it's confines determining the fundamentally limited reaction time. The focus of the article presented here is on the development of realistic scenarios of limited quality deviation situations and their relevance in the light of a fundamental criterion of stability derived from the differential equation of the harmonic control. In this context, we find evidence that partly self-determining concepts, such as e.g. maintained in lean construction, SCRUM and similar others, become favourable, if not superior, to hierarchical approaches.
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Zhou, Weimian, and Xuan Wu. "Enhanced Adhesion of Synthetic Discs with Micro-Patterned Margins." Biomimetics 7, no. 4 (2022): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7040202.
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Many aquatic creatures in nature have non-cooperative surface scaling abilities using suction organs; micro-/nano-scale structures found in different parts of the organs play an important role in this mechanism. Synthetic bioinspired suction devices have been developed, but the mechanisms of bioinspired suction system need further investigation. This paper presents the development of a synthetic adhesive disc inspired by the hillstream loach. The microscopic structures involved in adhesion of the hillstream loach were investigated. Bioinspired suction discs were designed with single-level or hierarchical micropatterned margins. Micro three-dimensional (3D) printing and micro electromechanical system (MEMs) technology were utilized in the fabrication of the discs, and the adhesion performance was tested on substrates with different roughness values. The engaging and disengaging processes of the margin were simulated by carrying out a peeling test on a submerged substrate. The interactions between the liquid film and the microstructures were observed using fluorescence microscopy. The enhanced adhesion forces due to the synergy of the hierarchically micro-patterned margin and the disc cavity were duplicated in the synthetic adhesion system.
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Makarov, Vladimir. "Method of Reduction of Geodynamical Phenomena Catastrophical Effects on the Base of Multichannel Methods of the Precursors Finding." E3S Web of Conferences 129 (2019): 01024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912901024.
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Decrease in risk of catastrophic consequences of the geodynamic phenomena of phylum of rock bursts or earthquakes demands the development of prognosis base of these events. Research of laws of formation and development of mesocracking structures on rocks samples is the most effective path of dilating of representations about mechanisms of the geodynamic phenomena and working out of methods of reduction of risks of their catastrophic exhibitings. Mathematical modelling of mesocracking structures of various hierarchical level of geomedium demands, in turn, development of theoretical base of modelling, to transferring to calibrating models of mesomechanics. In this case, of the geomedium is represented as a thermodynamically open hierarchical-block system. Addition of such models with system of strength criteria reflecting mechanisms of shear-tension of destruction at strong compression, should become the forecasting base of preparation of the geodynamic phenomena. The methods of detection of the precursors including as precursors developed on the basis of these representations, falling into source, and to near the source areas, have multichannel character. It is defined by conditions, on the one hand, independence of such systems of precursors, and, with another one – a simultaneity and synchrony of the submitted signals serving by precursors.
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Hadlak, S., C. Tominski, H. J. Schulz, and H. Schumann. "Visualization of attributed hierarchical structures in a spatiotemporal context." International Journal of Geographical Information Science 24, no. 10 (2010): 1497–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2010.510840.
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Lin, Kuo-Chun, and Wei-Kai Wang. "Human System Transformation in Organizational Change: A Qualitative Study of Chinese Vocational Education." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. IV (2025): 5870–82. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400418.
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This study investigates how transforming human systems can influence organizational change and development within a vocational education context in China. Using the Department of International Business (DIB) at Wen Zhou Industry and Trade Vocational College as a case study, this research addresses persistent challenges in spoken English acquisition and organizational communication. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three key stakeholders—a student, a faculty member, and the department dean—to examine divergent perspectives on the implementation of a new training model. Findings reveal systemic gaps in communication, hierarchical decision-making structures, and a lack of faculty empowerment, all of which hinder effective educational reform. Drawing upon theories of organizational motivation and change, such as Vroom’s Expectancy Theory and 360-degree feedback mechanisms, the study proposes a set of actionable strategies to promote inclusive leadership, improve internal communication, and build trust across administrative levels. These findings offer practical implications for institutional reform and leadership development in similar vocational and higher education settings.
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Garkina, Irina, and Alexander Danilov. "Experience of Development of Epoxy Composites Appendix of Methods of Rank Correlation." Key Engineering Materials 777 (August 2018): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.777.8.
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The uniform concept of synthesis of construction materials with special properties as multicriteria difficult technical system with use of an iterative way is offered. Composite materials with complex hierarchical structure are considered as a set of typical elements and communications between them (multilevel structures). Transition from one level to another is offered to be carried out on the basis of allocation of substructures (the macroscopic elements interconnected in the easy and clear way). On the basis of experimental data assessment of statistical communication between 14 properties of materials for various 10 structures is defined. The annex of methods of rank correlation to synthesis of epoxy composites on their properties on the basis of the analysis of statistical data is given.
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Bashan, Aviva, and Amos Notea. "A hierarchical model for quality management systems in global organizations." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 35, no. 7 (2018): 1380–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-03-2017-0055.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the operations of the quality management systems (QMS) in multinational companies, and develop a framework for classifying the QMS features based on the global operational and marketing structures arising from their expansion process. This paper is based on doctoral research conducted at the Department of Statistics, University of Haifa, Israel in 2007–2015. Design/methodology/approach This study used the innovative approach of adopting a systems perspective in analyzing the operation of a global QMS. In total 18 multinational companies at different levels of global expansion were studied in depth using observations, longitudinal studies, content analyses and depth interviews. Findings The result of this study is the global hierarchical model (GHM) that presents a classification of representative global operational and marketing structures deriving from the expansion process of multinational companies, and the extrapolated features of the respective global QMS. Practical implications This classification serves as a diagnostic tool for identifying the proper globalization level of a QMS, thereby helping plan global quality strategy and identifying the steps necessary for its effective implementation. Originality/value This research seeks to fill a lacuna in the field of global quality system development with regard to modes of competition and challenge. Integration of strategic, operational and marketing rationales into the QMS’s processes augments the functional level of management and supports the development of a strategy for global quality management that is derived from and supports the company’s global strategy.
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Vladimirova, I. G., and E. V. Polevaya. "Methodological approach to assessing the level of adaptability of organizational management structures of companies." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 14, no. 2 (2023): 242–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2023.14.2.242-261.
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Purpose: to present and justify a methodical approach to assessing the level of adaptability of organizational management structures to the conditions of a dynamically changing external environment.Methods: a wide range of general scientific methods is used – system analysis, synthesis, graphical interpretation of data. During the study, the method of expert assessments was used to assess the level of adaptability. In order to classify the types of management structures depending on their adaptability, a cluster analysis was carried out.Results: the article presents an approach to the definition of the concepts of "adaptation" and "adaptability" in relation to management structures. In order to develop a methodical approach to assessing the level of adaptability of organizational structures, the types of their adaptation were systematized, the main characteristics of the structures were identified and the scale was developed to assess the level of their adaptability. The use of the expert method made it possible to assess the level of adaptability of the main types of organizational structures to the conditions of a changing business space and rank them depending on this level. As a result of the cluster analysis, all the studied types of management structures were classified depending on their adaptability.Conclusions and Relevance: the developed methodical approach to assessing the level of adaptability of management structures made it possible to determine the adaptive properties of both hierarchical and organic management structures, assess their level of adaptability and identify the most adaptive among them. It has been established that the basis for the successful development of companies in the conditions of turbulent business space is the use of organic structures or changing individual parameters of hierarchical structures in order to increase their adaptability. Adaptation can be carried out using any structure, both traditional hierarchical and organic, by forming new management structures or increasing the adaptability of existing ones. Further research in this area should be devoted to the development of an effective mechanism for adapting management structures to the conditions of a changing business space.
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Абизов, В. А., та О. М. Вовкотруб. "ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТИПОЛОГІЇ ТА ДИЗАЙНУ РОЗВАЖАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ". Art and Design, № 3 (11 грудня 2018): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2617-0272.2018.3.3.
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Identification of features of classifications and system-structural principles of the typology of the entertaining institutions' architectural environment. Consideration of design features of objects of leisure according to the hierarchical levels of formation and development of their environment.The research is based on a systematic approach that allows us to consider the architectural environment of entertaining institutions as hierarchically subordinate to the integrity. Also are used methods of historical, comparative and typological analysis, field surveys.The article generalizes features of the typology of entertaining institutions. The specifics of their location in cities and rural settlements are considered.The classification of entertaining establishments for placing in buildings is offered. The hierarchical levels of formation and development of the architectural environment design of leisure facilities are revealed. Features and examples of design solutions are considered, including the existing buildings and structures, taking into account the transformation and adaptation of them for entertaining establishments.The typology of entertainment establishments is explored and systematized, their classification for placement in buildings is proposed. The peculiarities of the entertaining establishments design in accordance with the revealed hierarchical levels of formation and development of the architectural environment of leisure facilities are presented.The revealed features of the typology and approaches of the design of entertaining facilities can be used in the practical activities of designers and leisure organizations, which will allow them to introduce creative ideas and tools for creating a harmonious environment during their design.
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KARIM, Akkouche, Nekmouche AGHILES, and Bouzide LEYLA. "Proposal for an Inspection Tool for Damaged Structures after Disasters." Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics 26 (December 30, 2023): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1409432.
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This study focuses on the development of a multifunctional Expert System (ES) called post-seismic damage inspection tool (PSDIT), a powerful tool which allows the evaluation, the processing and the archiving of the collected data stock after earthquakes. PSDIT can be operated by two user types; an ordinary user (engineer, expert or architect) for the damage visual inspection and an administrative user for updating the knowledge and / or for adding or removing the ordinary user. The knowledge acquisition is driven by a hierarchical knowledge model, the Information from investigation reports, and those acquired through feedback from expert / engineer questionnaires are part.
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Babkin, A. V., and E. A. Baykov. "Specific Aspects of Strategic Management in Innovative Geographically Distributed Organizational and Economic Systems." Economics and Management, no. 7 (September 15, 2019): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2019-7-15-23.
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The presented study analyzes the modern models of geographically distributed organizational and economic systems and specific aspects of strategic management of these systems.Aim. The study aims to examine the specific aspects of strategic management of such modern forms of geographically distributed organizational and economic systems as clusters and special economic zones.Tasks. The authors examine the nature and features of the major modern forms of geographically distributed organizational and economic systems, namely, clusters and special economic zones; identify innovative models within these forms: priority development areas, industrial, commercial, and technological parks, technopolises, innovation centers, etc.; substantiate methodological approaches to the strategic management of these innovative formations in general as well as formation of the corresponding organizational management structures and a set of strategies of different hierarchical levels.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition and strategic management methods to examine geographically distributed organizational and economic systems and their innovative models and to propose a set of hierarchical strategies for the development of innovative formations.Results. In the current context of formation and development of the Russian digital economy, clusters and special economic zones are becoming increasingly widespread forms of geographically distributed organizational and economic systems. This has facilitated the emergence of various innovative models of the corresponding systems: priority development areas, industrial, commercial, and technological parks, technolopolises, innovation centers, technology transfer centers, business incubators, etc. In view of these models, the authors present the specific aspects of their strategic management and provide recommendations on the structure and functions of strategic management bodies – supervisory boards and managing companies. The authors also propose a system of strategies of different hierarchical levels for such formations, including areas for the application of advanced digital and marketing technologies.Conclusion. Economic development has led to the emergence of new forms of geographically distributed organizational and economic systems – clusters and special economic zones. The study substantiates methodological approaches to the strategic management of these innovative formations in general as well as formation of the corresponding organizational management structures and a set of strategies of different hierarchical levels.
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Гібадуллін, Олексій Володимирович. "From hierarchy to flexibility: a new governance model for sustainable development." Pressing Problems of Public Administration 2, no. 65 (2024): 235–52. https://doi.org/10.26565/1684-8489-2024-2-12.
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The paper emphasizes the importance of transforming the governance model of the sustainable development system, given the inadequacy of the hierarchical approach in both maintaining the internal balance of the system and ensuring its harmonious development in the interests of future generations, as well as in providing a timely and effective response to current challenges and conditions in relation to other state programs. The purpose of the article is to scientifically define and theoretically substantiate a new approach to building sustainable development management processes based on the experience, principles, and methodologies of flexible management, as a concept for a potential crisis response model for government in processes of recovery and post-war development. The author emphasizes that building a sustainable economy oriented towards new technological structures requires a new human-centered management system that incorporates these principles and is capable of promptly responding to emerging challenges and risks. The author notes that the main key elements in constructing a flexible governance system for sustainable development processes include: the formation of an ideological foundation and a new philosophy in the perspectives on the effectiveness of governance processes, ensuring coherence and quality of feedback, as well as timeliness and impartiality in monitoring the progress of processes. This requires comprehensive analysis that combines the balanced stability of a structured and controlled hierarchical model with the flexibility and adaptability of the new approach to achieve the system’s internal balance. It is essential to prioritize the principle of optimal resource utilization and the state’s ability to reveal its untapped intangible potential, created based on flexible management principles that can both facilitate regenerative processes “here and now” in the ongoing active combat period and ensure the achievement of sustainable development goals in the future. The article reveals the theoretical foundations of defining the phenomenon of flexible governance as a concept for a new model of public-private partnership and management processes within the sustainable development system.
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Ulanicki, B., M. Świercz, and M. Brdyś. "Development and Comparison of Two Hierarchical Structures for On-Line Control of a Water System—A Case Study." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 20, no. 9 (1987): 773–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)55803-6.
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McColligan, E. E., and K. C. O’Kane. "An Object-Oriented Class Library for Medical Software Development." Methods of Information in Medicine 35, no. 04/05 (1996): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634676.
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Abstract:The objective of this research is the development of a Medical Object Library (MOL) consisting of reusable, inheritable, portable, extendable C++ classes that facilitate rapid development of medical software at reduced cost and increased functionality. The result of this research is a library of class objects that range in function from string and hierarchical file handling entities to high level, procedural agents that perform increasingly complex, integrated tasks. A system built upon these classes is compatible with any other system similarly constructed with respect to data definitions, semantics, data organization and storage. As new objects are built, they can be added to the class library for subsequent use. The MOL is a toolkit of software objects intended to support a common file access methodology, a unified medical record structure, consistent message processing, standard graphical display facilities and uniform data collection procedures. This work emphasizes the relationship that potentially exists between the structure of a hierarchical medical record and procedural language components by means of a hierarchical class library and tree structured file access facility. In doing so, it attempts to establish interest in and demonstrate the practicality of the hierarchical medical record model in the modern context of object oriented programming.
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Medvedeva, Yulia. "Marketing orientation as a basis for retail structures’ innovative development." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 13042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021013042.
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Transformation of trade processes together with a system approach is the prerequisite for research of marketing management of innovative development of trade enterprises. The development of theoretical and conceptual provisions of marketing management of retail structures’ (RS) innovative development is based on the study of the evolution of marketing concepts in conjunction with the genesis of retail trade, based on the change of technological structures. The transformation of retail trade development guidelines is determined, depending on changes in the subjects of influence. The most relevant concepts for innovative development are relationship marketing, co-creation marketing, customer experience marketing, and sustainable marketing. An integrated concept of marketing management of RS innovative development is proposed, the task of which is to provide catalyzing market innovation on the one hand and the resulting support for the commercialization of innovations. Based on the study of hierarchical relationships of marketing concepts in trade, features of innovative development of trade, the article defines the multi-paradigm of modern marketing in trade, which allows us to form the concept of marketing management of RS innovative development. Its content means the implementation of a customer-oriented and customer-involved retail enterprise management doctrine and is a process designed and managed by marketing, aimed at transforming technologies, methods, forms, and formats of trade
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DEMKIV, Myron, Mykola HABREL, and Iryna POHRANYCHNA. "SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF STRATEGIC PLANNING OF URBANIZED SYSTEMS." Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Lʹvìvsʹka polìtehnìka". Serìâ Arhìtektura 5, no. 1 (2023): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sa2023.01.067.
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This article presents an alternative approach to strategic planning for the development of territorial communities. The essence of this method is an integral approach by the territorial community to the use of available resources necessary for its development with differential planning of specific operational tasks for a specific time. An urbanized system is considered as a spatial, hierarchically structured functional system. Strategic planning is based on the principles of organization and development of systems through their resources, processes and structure. The methodology of strategic planning is based on a hierarchical representation of the object, determining the efficiency of urbanized systems. The methodology includes three stages: description, strategy modeling, and implementation. Based on the systemic and structural analysis of the object, a standard scheme for describing the city and its functional subsystems has been developed, which includes structure, resources, and processes. Each of them is characterized by indicators of different hierarchical levels - absolute, group, complex and integral. Each of the characteristics has a name, type, type, value, and unit of measurement. The analysis of the object and the evaluation of its functioning efficiency are carried out taking into account the efficiency, environmental friendliness and comfort of the urban environment. To determine the effectiveness of strategic planning of the city, the author proposes methods for assessing the efficiency, environmental friendliness and comfort. They are suitable for use at different hierarchical levels and will allow to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy, development programs, plans, and projects. This methodology allows you to create an operational computer system for modeling, researching, and managing the development of systems depending on changes in the external characteristics of the structure, processes, and resources.
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Losev, Yuriy, and Konstantin Losev. "Integrity and hierarchy of data structures in the life cycle of low-rise housing construction." Construction and Architecture 12, no. 1 (2024): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2308-0191-2023-12-1-4-4.
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The subject area of the article is construction facilities life cycle management, where the object-oriented automated technologies of low-rise housing construction are the subject of consideration. The purpose of this study is to describe the meta-structure of such technologies, consisting of a set of hierarchical structures of the finite elements (premises, structures, engineering equipment, etc.) and for this meta-structure definition the concept of low-rise housing estate construction facilities integrity is introduced. The object of the article's research is hierarchical data structures, on the basis of which object-oriented databases and knowledge bases are formed, serving automated technologies for construction facilities integrity generation within all stages of the life cycle. The article uses the method of decomposition of the low-rise housing estate construction facilities integrity into a variety of automated technologies and their constituent hierarchical data structures, which allows us to identify all subject areas of objects of manor low-rise housing estate construction for computational justifications of the limiting states of finite elements (objects) of architecture, building structures, engineering equipment. Hierarchical structures create a standardized basis for the organization of finite element information models for managing the life cycle of manor low-rise estate housing construction. Decision-makers should prepare hierarchical data structures and algorithms for calculating the justifications for finite elements. The article presents examples of hierarchical data structures schemes for the design stage tasks solving. It is concluded that all information models of finite elements on a variety of subject areas of manor low-rise estate housing construction objects arise during the execution of constructive (algorithmized) processes in the decision-making layers of the corresponding stages of the life cycle of construction objects. It is concluded that all information models of finite elements on a variety of subject areas of manor low-rise estate housing construction objects arise during the execution of constructive (algorithmized) processes in the decision-making layers of the corresponding stages of the life cycle of construction objects. A structuring condition is also proposed: if the main link of the life cycle management technology is the information model of the object, then the fundamental condition for object orientation and meaningful filling of hierarchical data structures is the construction system used in this construction object, as a set of load-bearing and enclosing structures, its components and materials used. The proposed approach will make it possible to create and maintain a shared data environment on a regular and ongoing basis as part of a set of hierarchical data structures of the construction projects under consideration. In the development, it becomes possible to qualitatively improve the technological conditions for decision-making according to various criteria, including criteria for environmental friendliness, energy efficiency, economy, comfort for low-rise residential buildings using neural network data structures and the use of artificial intelligence algorithms. The above together is the basis for the formation of a modern innovative technological order for the objects of estate low-rise housing construction.
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Mohammadian, Masoud. "Modelling, Control and Prediction using Hierarchical Fuzzy Logic Systems." International Journal of Fuzzy System Applications 6, no. 3 (2017): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfsa.2017070105.
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Hierarchical fuzzy logic systems are increasingly applied to solve complex problems. There is a need for a structured and methodological approach for the design and development of hierarchical fuzzy logic systems. In this paper a review of a method developed by the author for design and development of hierarchical fuzzy logic systems is considered. The proposed method is based on the integration of genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic to provide an integrated knowledge base for modelling, control and prediction. Issues related to the design and construction of hierarchical fuzzy logic systems using several applications are considered and methods for the decomposition of complex systems into hierarchical fuzzy logic systems are proposed. Decomposition and conversion of systems into hierarchical fuzzy logic systems reduces the number of fuzzy rules and improves the learning speed for such systems. Application areas considered are: the prediction of interest rate and hierarchical robotic control. The aim of this manuscript is to review and highlight the research work completed in the area of hierarchical fuzzy logic system by the author. The paper can benefit researchers interested in the application of hierarchical fuzzy logic systems in modelling, control and prediction.
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JONYER, ISTVAN, LAWRENCE B. HOLDER, and DIANE J. COOK. "GRAPH-BASED HIERARCHICAL CONCEPTUAL CLUSTERING." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 10, no. 01n02 (2001): 107–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213001000441.
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Hierarchical conceptual clustering has proven to be a useful, although greatly under-explored data mining technique. A graph-based representation of structural information combined with a substructure discovery technique has been shown to be successful in knowledge discovery. The SUBDUE substructure discovery system provides the advantages of both approaches. This work presents SUBDUE and the development of its clustering functionalities. Several examples are used to illustrate the validity of the approach both in structured and unstructured domains, as well as compare SUBDUE to earlier clustering algorithms. Results show that SUBDUE successfully discovers hierarchical clusterings in both structured and unstructured data.
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Gierut, Judith A., Christina L. Simmerman, and Heidi J. Neumann. "Phonemic structures of delayed phonological systems." Journal of Child Language 21, no. 2 (1994): 291–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900009284.
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ABSTRACTThe phonemic inventories of 30 children (aged 3;4–5;7) with phonological delays were examined in terms of featural distinctions in order to address universal vs. individual accounts of acquisition. Phonetic inventories of these same children were also identified for comparison purposes. Across children, four hierarchical and implicationally related types of phonemic inventory were identified. The typology uniquely captured common distinctions maintained by all children, and at the same time, allowed for individual differences in the specific phonemic composition of each system. These cross-sectional results have theoretical implications for the longitudinal course of phonemic acquisition. In particular, children appear to have a number of linguistic choices that relate to the course, the specifics, and the mechanism of change in acquisition.
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Wallace, R. "Recurrent Collapse of the Fire Service in New York City: The Failure of Paramilitary Systems as a Phase Change." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 2 (1993): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a250233.
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Analysis of persistent and recurring episodes of large-scale collapse of the fire service in New York City suggests a striking inverse to Granovetter's ‘strength of weak ties’ analysis of social system integration: that hierarchical paramilitary systems can become fatally unstable if locally based, strong self-interacting equivalence classes of units are unable to answer the vast majority of calls for service without assignment of units from other classes. A simple network-based model finds that an incremental increase in the probability that units must be shared between geographically centered classes leads to a sharply nonlinear, system-wide ‘phase transition’ from stability and localized demand to instability and a ‘delocalized’ service demand. Implications are explored for the continuing deterioration of the fire service in New York City and its considerable consequences for both public health and public order. More general questions of the interaction of extended but integrated social systems with paramilitary hierarchical structures are also examined.
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Onaolapo, Adeniyi Kehinde, Kayode Timothy Akindeji, Temitope Adefarati, and Katleho Moloi. "A Comprehensive Review of the Smart Microgrids’ Modeling and Control Methods for Sustainable Developments." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 19 (July 30, 2024): 285–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2024.19.26.
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Estimation strategies and hierarchical control measures are required for the successful operations of microgrids. These strategies and measures monitor the processes within the control variables and coordinate the system dynamics. State-of-the-art frameworks and tools are built into innovative grid technologies to model different structures and forms of microgrids and their dynamic behaviors. Smart grids’ dynamic models were developed by reviewing different estimation strategies and control technologies. A Microgrid control system is made up of primary, secondary, and tertiary hierarchical layers. These architectures are measured and monitored by real-time system parameters. Different estimation schemes and control strategies manage microgrid control layers’ dynamic performances. The control strategies in the developed technologies dynamics were accessed in the grid environment. The control strategies were modeled for microgrids using six design layers: adaptive, intelligent, robust, predictive, linear, and non-linear. The estimation schemes were assessed using microgrid controllers’ modeling efficiency. Hierarchical control strategies were also developed to optimize the operation of microgrids. Hence, this research will inform policy-making decisions for monitoring, controlling, and safeguarding the optimal design strategies for modeling microgrids.
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Hou, Mengjun. "A Study on the Three-Dimensional Optimization Paths to Improve Primary and Secondary School Teachers’ Acceptance of Digital Textbooks." Journal of Educational Research and Policies 7, no. 5 (2025): 34–36. https://doi.org/10.53469/jerp.2025.07(05).09.
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This study, grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model and structured interviews, reveals that primary and secondary school teachers’ acceptance of digital textbooks is influenced by the intricate interplay of individual psychological capital, technology-teaching fit, and the organizational support system. To boost teachers’ acceptance, a three - dimensional optimization framework is proposed. This framework encompasses cognitive reconstruction, scenario adaptation, and ecological construction. Cognitive reconstruction enhances teachers’ internal motivation for technology adoption through dynamic adjustment of their cognitive structures. Scenario adaptation optimizes the functional compatibility of digital textbooks based on the unique features of teaching contexts. Ecological construction, via the organizational support system, establishes an institutional guarantee for sustainable development. Additionally, strategies such as hierarchical teacher training, school - level technical emergency mechanisms, subject - specific tool module development, teaching process scaffolding, interdisciplinary mentorship, and dynamic demand feedback loops are elaborated to implement this optimization path, aiming to facilitate the effective integration of digital textbooks in teaching.
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Dragomir, Camelia-Cristina, and Tiberiu Foris. "The Collaborative Approach to Sustainability: A Model of Commissioning System Intervention in Supporting Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships from National to Global Levels." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (2022): 1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031536.
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The paper addresses the role of intermediaries in optimizing collaborative practices for sustainability and provides new perspectives on how the commissioning system intervenes in supporting multi-stakeholder partnerships that operate on different geographical scales. We present in this study a unitary model for the development of the commissioning system with geographically hierarchical structures, from local and national to regional and global levels, capable of creating a network of interdependent connections with international potential between a wide range of parties engaged in collaboration for sustainable territorial development. The paper highlights the potential of the commissioning system to provide better support for sustainability partnerships and identifies the roles that commissioning structures can play for the benefit of the parties interested in mobilizing and accessing capabilities and resources for development. Through its intervention, the collaborative actions between the parties are streamlined and the management of demands and offers of development resources is optimized. Our findings show that such an intervention adds value to partnerships for sustainability at regional and global levels by dynamizing the collaboration, exchange and transfer of resources between the states, using functional collaboration networks created among multiple interacting stakeholders to support the sustainable development goals implementation.
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Liu, Rui, Xin Hu, Kunhui Ye, Ke Cao, Wenhui Zhu, and Jian Zuo. "Perspective Discrepancy between Designers and Constructors on the Sustainability of Steel Structures: Are They Synthesizable?" Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (2021): 7430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167430.
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City growth and its resulted environmental issues are promoting a citywide application of sustainable steel structures. However, designers and constructors often hold conflicting perspectives on the sustainable construction of steel structures, which has been identified as a barrier to achieve sustainability in this area. Given that the existing sustainability indicator systems of steel structures are either design-oriented or construction-driven, this study aims to develop a new one by synthesizing both designers’ and contractors’ opinions in the development of such indicators. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify potential indicators. A questionnaire survey was then used to collect the viewpoints of designers and constructors on the identified indicators. Finally, a fuzzy set algorithm and hierarchical clustering were employed to detect the indicators’ relationships. The results present a three-dimensional indicator system composed of social-technical sustainability, greenness, and economic sustainability. Furthermore, it is found that designers and constructors have discrepant opinions on social-technical sustainability and greenness, while their views on economic sustainability are similar. The research findings provide managerial hints to the attainment of sustainable steel structures and enhance stakeholders’ understanding of design-and-construction integration in steel structure projects.
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Tang, Luyuan, Shiyao Xie, and Yuan Xu. "The Impacts of The Hierarchical Medical Policy On Health Resource Utilization Efficiency." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 102 (July 11, 2024): 798–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/yrb44k30.
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The inefficiency in healthcare resource utilization has been a major constraint on the development of health and wellness services in China. To address this, the Chinese government initiated the development of a hierarchical medical system in 2015. This study employs a fixed effects model to evaluate the impact of the 2015 hierarchical medical policy on the efficiency of healthcare resource utilization in China between 2011 and 2020, including regional differences. The findings show that the policy significantly enhanced the overall efficiency of healthcare resource utilization in China. However, the policy’s effects on healthcare utilization efficiency were mixed in the subsequent years, showing both positive and negative impacts. In the economically and policy-resource deprived central regions, the policy’s effects were delayed. Further analysis indicated that higher levels of regional informatization could diminish the positive impact of the hierarchical medical policy on improving healthcare resource utilization efficiency. This research offers valuable recommendations for further advancing reforms in China’s medical system and establishing a structured hierarchical medical framework.
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Doronina, Yuliya, and Aleksandr Skatkov. "Cascade-hierarchical modeling in analyzing the dynamics of complex system resource characteristics." Information and Control Systems, no. 3 (June 15, 2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2020-3-48-58.
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Introduction: Describing the dynamically changing resource characteristics of a complex system makes it necessary to decompose the optimization problems and itemize the system representation levels. This leads to multi-model approaches. In problems which require the construction of multi-model complexes with sophisticated links between the models, the sole use of hierarchical topology of model complexes does not guarantee that the modeling dynamics factors are connected and the data volume is taken into account at each hierarchical level. It also does not reflect the parametric variability of experiments at each level. Purpose: Developing a technique for constructing multi-model complexes within cascade-hierarchical structures, and forming the evaluation functionality taking into account the principle of its permanence for modeling the resource characteristics of complex systems when studying the dynamics of degradation failures and replacement of resources. Methods: System analysis and structural synthesis of models; embedded Markov models with quasi-absorbing state at the local level of a multi-model complex. Results: The principle of permanent evaluation functionality is formulated. It allows you to implement an approach to the problems of decision support for resource provision in complex technical systems by determining the service strategy. In general, a cascade-hierarchical modeling scheme is formed in a three-dimensional functional space: system structure — model type (level) — modeling plan cascades. The proposed modeling methodology within the cascade-hierarchical topology of a multi-model complex on the base of the permanent evaluation functionality principle allows you to keep the constancy of the representability of system characteristics under the phase enlargement of the modeling space, and thereby rationalize the planning of your experiments. Practical relevance: The results of the research were used in the development and analysis of the dynamics of resource security of complex technical systems. The proposed approach makes it possible to formulate research plans for complex systems in a parametric model space and, based on the principle of the permanent evaluation functionality, keep the constancy of the representability of system characteristics under the phase enlargement of the modeling space.
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Seaam Bin Masud, Md Rafiuddin Siddiky, Samia Ara Chowdhury, Arafat Rohan, and Dr. Md. Atikur Rahaman. "Navigating Role Identity Tensions: It Project Managers’ Identity Work in Agile Information Systems Development." European Journal of Technology 8, no. 6 (2024): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.47672/ejt.2550.
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Purpose: This research seeks to examine identity tensions in IT project managers involved in developing Agile Information Systems Development (ISD). It looks at the transition from the hierarchical functional PM structures to the non-hierarchical decentralised decision-making forms of Agile. These tensions relate to how the organisational tensions affected the roles of project managers. The third study concerns role tensions leading to conflicts and identity work about traditional and agile paradigms. Materials and Methods: The study employs a qualitative research technique involving semi-structured interviews among the participants, the IT project managers. It gathers data on the project managers and explores the nature of their conflicts and how managers resolve these conflicts regarding tensions concerning compliance and cooperation, role definition, and leadership adaptations in the Agile context. Findings: The research identifies three primary areas of tension for IT project managers; Lack of coordination between attempts to enforce bureaucracy (laws and policies) and coordination (work incorporation). Ambiguity of the roles played in various organisational settings Failure of the organisational structures to provide clear roles that individuals play during their operations. Agile leadership challenges moving from decision-making authority to a more coordinated leadership position. Organisational officials and project managers use measures including endorsing peripheral positions, engaging peers and enrolling for organisational development to deal with such opposing forces. Importance is placed on the organisational climate, resources and training within the study to focus on organisation adaptability and identity work within Agile frameworks. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study suggests practical measures for management organisations to improve individual and organisational outcomes in Agile ISD settings; Develop suitable training courses as a measure to help people adapt to the Agile type with effectiveness. Make networks and peer support systems for project managers. This increases role conflict, which should be minimised by establishing a clear structure of responsibilities and tasks within the company. The findings also advance theory by discussing how professional identity develops and the psychological and social changes that occur when transitioning to Agile culture.
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Imanbaev, K. S., S. D. Zhanuzakov, Zh Zh Kozhamkulova, and A. S. Zhanuzakov. "THE OBJECTIVE OF CONSTRUCTING THE OPTIMAL INFORMATION STRUCTURE HIERARCHIC STRUCTURE SYSTEMS." BULLETIN Series of Physics & Mathematical Sciences 69, no. 1 (2020): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-1.1728-7901.63.
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This paper presents the results of an analysis of the structures of an information system of a hierarchical structure using algebraic methods, emphasizing its functioning as a result of the interaction of external factors. An assessment of the structure bonds is obtained using a matrix apparatus. The main attention in this paper is paid to methods of structure analysis with unknown principles and algorithms for the functioning of systems. The proposed approach to the analysis of the structure of systems is based on the principle of a sequential analysis of acceptable options for constructing individual elements, parts and systems as a whole with the subsequent selection of the best option for its implementation and development on an acceptable set of system structure. This paper presents the results of an analysis of the structures of an information system by the methods of algebra, emphasizing its functioning as a result of the interaction of external factors.
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CAUNCE, S. A. "Northern English industrial towns: rivals or partners?" Urban History 30, no. 3 (2003): 338–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926804001397.
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By 1974, northern England had become one of Europe's most urbanized areas, though it had very few towns in 1500. However, the dense population of the industrial regions lived in towns which were unusually crowded together and which had not developed conventional hierarchical structures. No dominant northern metropolis ever emerged, and this unusual urban system displayed intense rivalry at all levels. Was this coincidental, or can it help explain the region's nineteenth-century dynamism?
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Nesterkin, Sergei. "Hierarchical systems and their evolution in Buddhist communities of Central Asia." SENTENTIA. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, no. 4 (April 2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/1339-3057.2020.4.34529.
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This article examines the hierarchical systems established in Buddhist communities of Central Asia.&nbsp; Hierarchies are viewed in the spiritual context: by level of taking of vows, educational attainment, level of practical implementation of knowledge, rank in the institution of &ldquo;Reincarnated Lamas&rdquo;; as well as hierarchies important in administrative context, such as levels of responsibility, governance of monasteries, rank within the structure of state administration, and interaction with government institutions. It is noted that genetically all of them ascend to Teacher &ndash; student hierarchy. This work explores the evolution of these hierarchies under the changing historical conditions, as well their complex interrelations. It is demonstrated that hierarchical system evolved depending on such factors, as the development of monastic education, increased role in the communities of &ldquo;Reincarnated Lamas&rdquo;, shift in the role of monasteries within state administration along with the role of government in regulation of the religious institutions. It is determined that hierarchies partially intersected, but also diverged due to the possibility of relatively autonomous practice of Sutra and Tantra, which formed different types of communities &ndash;&nbsp; sangha and ganachakra respectively. In Russia, Buddhist communities were integrated into the system of state-religious relations, which required centralization of religious community resulting in the fact that the administrative church structures took the central stage. Liberalization of state control of the religious activity in post-Soviet Russia led to the emergence of multiple secular Buddhist associations that practiced Mahayanist and tantric methods structured as ganachakra. The central place was held by the structure of religious hierarchy along with &ldquo;Teacher &ndash; student&rdquo; relations. The conclusion is made that such structural differentiation of Buddhist communities is the results of the natural course of self-determination of various traditions in the conditions of freedom of religion.
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Nesterkin, Sergei. "Hierarchical systems and their evolution in Buddhist communities of Central Asia." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 6 (June 2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.6.34493.
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This article examines the hierarchical systems established in Buddhist communities of Central Asia. &nbsp;Hierarchies are viewed in the spiritual context: by level of taking of vows, educational attainment, level of practical implementation of knowledge, rank in the institution of &ldquo;Reincarnated Lamas&rdquo;; as well as hierarchies important in administrative context, such as levels of responsibility, governance of monasteries, rank within the structure of state administration, and interaction with government institutions. It is noted that genetically all of them ascend to Teacher &ndash; student hierarchy. This work explores the evolution of these hierarchies under the changing historical conditions, as well their complex interrelations. It is demonstrated that hierarchical system evolved depending on such factors, as the development of monastic education, increased role in the communities of &ldquo;Reincarnated Lamas&rdquo;, shift in the role of monasteries within state administration along with the role of government in regulation of the religious institutions. It is determined that hierarchies partially intersected, but also diverged due to the possibility of relatively autonomous practice of Sutra and Tantra, which formed different types of communities &ndash; &nbsp;sangha and ganachakra respectively. In Russia, Buddhist communities were integrated into the system of state-religious relations, which required centralization of religious community resulting in the fact that the administrative church structures took the central stage. Liberalization of state control of the religious activity in post-Soviet Russia led to the emergence of multiple secular Buddhist associations that practiced Mahayanist and tantric methods structured as ganachakra. The central place was held by the structure of religious hierarchy along with &ldquo;Teacher &ndash; student&rdquo; relations. The conclusion is made that such structural differentiation of Buddhist communities is the results of the natural course of self-determination of various traditions in the conditions of freedom of religion.
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Maniadakis, Michail, and Panos Trahanias. "Agent-Based Brain Modeling by Means of Hierarchical Cooperative Coevolution." Artificial Life 15, no. 3 (2009): 293–336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl.2009.trahanias.007.
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We address the development of brain-inspired models that will be embedded in robotic systems to support their cognitive abilities. We introduce a novel agent-based coevolutionary computational framework for modeling assemblies of brain areas. Specifically, self-organized agent structures are employed to represent brain areas. In order to support the design of agents, we introduce a hierarchical cooperative coevolutionary (HCCE) scheme that effectively specifies the structural details of autonomous, yet cooperating system components. The design process is facilitated by the capability of the HCCE-based design mechanism to investigate the performance of the model in lesion conditions. Interestingly, HCCE also provides a consistent mechanism to reconfigure (if necessary) the structure of agents, facilitating follow-up modeling efforts. Implemented models are embedded in a simulated robot to support its behavioral capabilities, also demonstrating the validity of the proposed computational framework.
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Tomčíková, Ivana. "Zones and segments as taxa used in the hierarchical classification of riverine landscapes: a case study of the smrečianka brook, Slovak Republic." Moravian Geographical Reports 21, no. 4 (2013): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2013-0018.
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Abstract A river is a highly complex structure and the constituent of landscape and catchment basin from which it drains water. In the holistic concept, a river is defined in mutual interactions with its surroundings as a spatial system - the riverine landscape. As a product of fluvial processes, the riverine landscape has a regular spatial hierarchical structure, which is determined by the structure of its morphology, substrate, biota, land cover and socioeconomic structures. The aim of this paper is to verify the river landscape hierarchical classification and to identify the so-called higher taxa - zones and segments in the Smrečianka valley. The main data sources were hydrological maps at 1:50 000, topographic maps at 1:10 000 and 1:25 000, GIS database levels, geological maps at 1:50 000, and the boundaries were specified by a field survey
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Belostotsky, Alexandr M., Pavel A. Akimov, Alexey L. Potapenko, Vladislav V. Vershinin, and Sergey V. Scherbina. "Dynamic Substructures Analysis of Combined Systems "Foundation - Structure - Equipment - Pipelines"." Advanced Materials Research 1040 (September 2014): 658–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1040.658.
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The present paper is devoted to research and development of methods of advanced static and dynamic analysis of structures, based on application of flexible hierarchical substructure models “foundation – structure – equipment – pipelines”, implemented in certified software application packages, convenient for practical industrial use. Contemporary finite element software application packages (universal – ANSYS, ABAQUS – and self-engineered – STADYO, ASTRA-NOVA products) are used for justification of nuclear power facilities.
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Liu, Sannyuya, Dongpo Guo, Jianwen Sun, Jie Yu, and Dongbo Zhou. "MapOnLearn: The Use of Maps in Online Learning Systems for Education Sustainability." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (2020): 7018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12177018.
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Online learning and teaching have become the primary forms of education during the global pandemic, and online learning systems, which can provide fair educational opportunities for everyone, are increasingly important for sustainability in education. The amount of time a student spends on online learning systems affects the fairness and persistence of sustainability in education. To support personalized learning opportunities, interactive learning, and easy-to-access resources, we propose a map organization and visualization method called MapOnLearn for online learning systems. First, we converted tree-like hierarchical course units (HCUs) and knowledge points (KPs) into a fundamental two-dimensional (2D) map of hierarchically divided polygons and used the map to form containers to manage all learning resources. Then, we used the zoom feature of the map to express the hierarchical structures of knowledge and formulated corresponding rules for displaying information at different levels. Path analysis was applied to express the learning process, and topological processing was adapted to represent the relationships among HCUs and KPs. We developed maps for a high-level math course, a course on data structures, and an English course at a university in China and investigated 264 students and 27 teachers for a semester by using the technology acceptance model (TAM). We found that the map visualization and organization method had a positive impact on the way teachers and students use online learning systems and improved the online learning experience. To attract more students to spend more time on online learning, we hope our method can promote the sustainable development of education.