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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Discrimination double-Beta”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 23 listopada 2024

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Beeman, Jeff W., Fabio Bellini, Silvia Capelli, et al. "ZnMoO4: A promising bolometer for neutrinoless double beta decay searches." Astroparticle Physics 35, no. 12 (2012): 813–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.02.013.

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We investigate the performances of two ZnMoO4 scintillating crystals operated as bolometers, in view of a next generation experiment to search the neutrinoless double beta decay of 100Mo. We present the results of the α vs β/γ discrimination, obtained through the scintillation light as well as through the study of the shape of the thermal signal alone. The separation obtained at the 2615 keV line of 208Tl is 8σ, using the heat-light scatter plot, while it exceeds 20σ using the shape of the thermal pulse alone. The achieved FWHM energy resolution ranges from 2.4 keV (at 238 keV) to 5.7 keV (at

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Beeman, Jeff W., Fabio Bellini, Laura Cardani, et al. "Discrimination of a and b/c interactions in a TeO2 bolometer." Astroparticle Physics 35, no. 9 (2012): 558–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.12.004.

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TeO2 crystals have proven to be superb bolometers for the search of neutrinoless double beta decay in many respects. However, if used alone, they do not exhibit any feature that allows to discriminate an alpha energy deposit from a beta/gamma one. This fact limits their ability to reject the background due to natural radioactivity and eventually affects the sensitivity of the search. In this paper we show the results of a TeO2 crystal where, in coincidence with its bolometric heat signal, also the luminescence light escaping the crystal is recorded. The results show that we are able to measure

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Kim, G. B., S. Choi, F. A. Danevich, et al. "A CaMoO4Crystal Low Temperature Detector for the AMoRE Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Search." Advances in High Energy Physics 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/817530.

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We report the development of a CaMoO4crystal low temperature detector for the AMoRE neutrinoless double beta decay(0νββ)search experiment. The prototype detector cell was composed of a 216 g CaMoO4crystal and a metallic magnetic calorimeter. An overground measurement demonstrated FWHM resolution of 6–11 keV for full absorption gamma peaks. Pulse shape discrimination was clearly demonstrated in the phonon signals, and 7.6 σof discrimination power was found for theαandβ/γseparation. The phonon signals showed rise-times of about 1 ms. It is expected that the relatively fast rise-time will increas

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4

Han, Tianyong, Kun Zhang, Yueyong Jiang, and Hadi Rezazadeh. "Chaotic Pattern and Solitary Solutions for the (21)-Dimensional Beta-Fractional Double-Chain DNA System." Fractal and Fractional 8, no. 7 (2024): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8070415.

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The dynamical behavior of the double-chain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) system holds significant implications for advancing the understanding of DNA transmission laws in the realms of biology and medicine. This study delves into the investigation of chaos patterns and solitary wave solutions for the (2+1) Beta-fractional double-chain DNA system, employing the theory of planar dynamical systems and the method of complete discrimination system for polynomials (CDSP). The results demonstrate a diverse spectrum of solitary wave solutions, sensitivity to perturbations, and manifestations of chaotic

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5

Galan, J., X. Chen, H. Du, et al. "Topological background discrimination in the PandaX-III neutrinoless double beta decay experiment." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 47, no. 4 (2020): 045108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ab4dbe.

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Yang, Jingzhe, Yang Tian, Wenhan Dai, et al. "A feasibility study of multi-electrode high-purity germanium detector for ⁷⁶Ge neutrinoless double beta decay searching." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 05 (2023): P05025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/05/p05025.

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Abstract Experiments to search for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 76Ge using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector rely heavily on background suppression technologies to enhance their sensitivities. In this work, we proposed a pulse-shape analysis method based on a neural network (NN) and a light gradient boosting machine (lightGBM; LGB) to discriminate single-electron (background) and double-electrons (0νββ signal) events in a multi-electrode HPGe detector. In this paper, we describe a multi-electrode HPGe detector system, a data-processing system, and pulse-shape simulation proce

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7

Zatschler, S. "Pulse-shape discrimination techniques for the COBRA double beta-decay experiment at LNGS." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 888 (September 2017): 012076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/888/1/012076.

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8

Brodsky, Jason Philip, Samuele Sangiorgio, Michael Heffner, and Tyana Stiegler. "Background discrimination for neutrinoless double beta decay in liquid xenon using Cherenkov light." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 922 (April 2019): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.12.057.

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9

MACOLINO, CARLA. "RESULTS ON NEUTRINOLESS DOUBLE-BETA DECAY FROM GERDA PHASE I." Modern Physics Letters A 29, no. 01 (2014): 1430001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732314300018.

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The GERmanium Detector Array, GERDA, is designed to search for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 76 Ge and it is installed in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN, Italy. In this review, the detection principle and detector setup of GERDA are described. Also, the main physics results by GERDA Phase I, are discussed. They include the measurement of the half-life of 2νββ decay, the background decomposition of the energy spectrum and the techniques for the discrimination of the background, based on the pulse shape of the signal. In the last part of this review, the estima

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10

Agostini, M., A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, et al. "Searching Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with Gerda Phase II." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 46 (January 2018): 1860040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194518600406.

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An observation of neutrinoless double beta ([Formula: see text]) decay would allow to shed light onto the nature of neutrinos. Gerda (GERmanium Detector Array) aims to discover this process in a background-free search using [Formula: see text]Ge. The experiment is located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in Italy. Bare, isotopically enriched, high purity germanium detectors are operated in liquid argon. Gerda follows a staged approach. In Phase II 35.6 kg of enriched germanium detectors are operated since December 2015. The a

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11

Krause, P. "GERDA: Final Results and Physics Beyond Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (2021): 012117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012117.

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Abstract The GERDA experiment searched for the lepton number violating neutrinoless double-beta 0υββ decay of 76 Ge. Observation of this decay would provide answers to fundamental problems in particle physics and cosmology, including the origin of neutrino masses and baryon asymmetry in the universe. The GERDA experiment achieved the most stringent lower limit on the half-life of the 0υββ decay of 1.8 • 1026 yr at 90% C.L. (which coincides with the sensitivity) by operating high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors enriched in 76Ge submerged in liquid argon (LAr). The collaboration could achieve

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12

Zolotarova, A., I. C. Bandac, A. S. Barabash, et al. "The neutrinoless double beta decay CROSS experiment: demonstrator with surface sensitive bolometers." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (2021): 012157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012157.

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Abstract The CROSS experiment is proposing to use a new technology of surface sensitive bolometers for low-background neutrinoless double beta decay searches. Efficient rejection of surface α and β events will allow to reach background in the region of interest below than 10−4 cnts/keV/kg/yr. The isotopes of interest, which are 130Te and 100Mo, are investigated with TeO2 and Li2MoO4 bolometers. The surface sensitivity is achieved thanks to the evaporation of thin metallic film on the crystal surface that modifies the pulse shape of near-surface events. An investigation of various pulse shape p

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13

Ieki, S., S. Asami, S. Axani, et al. "Concept of KamLAND2 DAQ system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2374, no. 1 (2022): 012104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012104.

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The KamLAND-Zen experiment is searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 136Xe. We are preparing for the upgrade of the KamLAND detector, KamLAND2. It is designed to improve the discrimination power of two-neutrino double-beta decay and cosmic-ray muon spallation backgrounds. Data acquisition of all neutrino events from nearby supernova is also an important issue of the KamLAND2 experiment and the data rate is a key factor to design a new DAQ system. High speed sampling will be realized with RFSoC on the front-end electronics. Data is read out from FEE to DAQ computers via 10 GbE, and Fai

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14

Cebrián, S., T. Dafni, H. Gómez, et al. "Pattern recognition of136Xe double beta decay events and background discrimination in a high pressure xenon TPC." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 40, no. 12 (2013): 125203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/40/12/125203.

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15

Beeman, Jeff W., Fabio Bellini, Chiara Brofferio та ін. "Performances of a large mass ZnMoO4 scintillating bolometer for a next generation 0νDBD experiment". European Physical Journal C 72, № 9 (2012): 2142. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2142-7.

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We present the performances of a 330 g zinc molybdate (ZnMoO4) crystal working as scintillating bolometer as a possible candidate for a next generation experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of 100Mo. The energy resolution, evaluated at the 2615 keV γ-line of 208Tl, is 6.3 keV FWHM. The internal radioactive contaminations of the ZnMoO4 were evaluated as <6 μBq/kg (228Th) and 27 ± 6 μBq/kg (226Ra). We also present the results of the α vs β/γ discrimination, obtained through the scintillation light as well as through the study of the shape of the thermal signal alone

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16

Willers, M., F. v. Feilitzsch, A. Gütlein, et al. "Neganov-Luke amplified cryogenic light detectors for the background discrimination in neutrinoless double beta decay search with TeO2bolometers." Journal of Instrumentation 10, no. 03 (2015): P03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/10/03/p03003.

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17

Obara, S., Y. Gando, S. Ieki, H. Ikeda, K. Ishidoshiro, and R. Nakamura. "A study of self-vetoing balloon vessel for liquid-scintillator detectors." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2374, no. 1 (2022): 012111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012111.

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KamLAND-Zen searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay with an ultra-pure liquid-scintillator (LS) filled with a custom-made clean nylon balloon. The primary backgrounds are radioactive impurities such as uranium and thorium series. To reduce them, we studied a self-vetoing balloon-shaped vessel for a future upgrade program, “KamLAND2-Zen”. We selected Polyethylene-Naphthalate (PEN) film which emit fluorescent light and performed the feasibility studies. Owing to its scintillation properties, 214Bi background could be identified in the KamLAND2-Zen. Moreover, thanks to the different waveforms

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18

Ai, P., D. Wang, G. Huang, and X. Sun. "Three-dimensional convolutional neural networks for neutrinoless double-beta decay signal/background discrimination in high-pressure gaseous Time Projection Chamber." Journal of Instrumentation 13, no. 08 (2018): P08015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/13/08/p08015.

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Kim, W. T., S. C. Kim, B. Sharma, et al. "An MMC-based cryogenic calorimeter with a massive sodium molybdate crystal absorber for neutrinoless double beta decay searches." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 04 (2022): P04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/04/p04004.

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Abstract Sodium molybdate crystals are excellent scintillating target material that can be used to investigate the neutrinoless double beta decay of 100Mo. Because this material contains Na nuclei, it could also be used to clarify the contribution of Na in the controversial claim of dark matter observation by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment. Recent developments have allowed the growth of sodium molybdate crystals of several hundred grams, which makes it possible to build large scale experiments. Therefore, a cryogenic calorimeter with a crystal of significant mass, which can exploit the excellent en

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20

Lobasenko, A. "Reconstruction of missing data of the PandaX-III experiment TPC using neural network." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 08 (2023): C08011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/08/c08011.

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Abstract The PandaX-III is a Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay (NLDBD) experiment which uses a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) detector with a readout plane formed of Micromegas modules, which allows reconstruction of track topology for the background discrimination as well as reconstruction of the energy of the events. In NLDBD experiments, in order to achieve the highest sensitivity to the decay, it is necessary for the detector to have a high energy resolution, the background level should be low, and techniques for background discrimination must be applied as well. In reality, inhomogeneous sign

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21

KLAPDOR-KLEINGROTHAUS, H. V., I. V. KRIVOSHEINA, and I. V. TITKOVA. "THEORETICAL DESCRIPTION OF DOUBLE BETA DECAY TRACKS IN A GERMANIUM DETECTOR AND OF THEIR DEPENDENCE ON PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS — A REVIEW." International Journal of Modern Physics A 21, no. 06 (2006): 1159–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x0603148x.

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In this review for the first time a theoretical description of the tracks of events of nuclear double beta decay in a large Ge detector is presented. It is obvious that in principle the shapes and sizes of these tracks — and the corresponding time structure of pulses — depend on particle physics and nuclear physics parameters such as neutrino mass, right-handed current parameters, and nuclear matrix elements. The knowledge of this dependence is of importance, since the key to probe the existence of 0νββ decay beyond observation of a signal at the Q value of the process, Qββ, is the discriminat

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Bourbouli, Mara, Michael Rentzos, Anastasia Bougea, et al. "Cerebrospinal Fluid TAR DNA-Binding Protein 43 Combined with Tau Proteins as a Candidate Biomarker for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Spectrum Disorders." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 44, no. 3-4 (2017): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000478979.

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Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are nowadays recognized as spectrum disorders with a molecular link, the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), rendering it a surrogate biomarker for these disorders. Methods: We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of TDP-43, beta-amyloid peptide with 42 amino acids (Aβ42), total tau protein (τT), and tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (τP-181) in 32 patients with ALS, 51 patients with FTD, and 17 healthy controls. Double-sandwich commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used for measureme

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23

Iguaz, F. J., F. Aznar, J. F. Castel, et al. "The potential of discrimination methods in a high pressure xenon TPC for the search of the neutrinoless double-beta decay of Xe-136." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 888 (September 2017): 012078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/888/1/012078.

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Budjáš, Dušan, Marik Barnabé Heider, Oleg Chkvorets, Nikita Khanbekov, and Stefan Schönert. "Pulse shape discrimination studies with a Broad-Energy Germanium detector for signal identification and background suppression in the GERDA double beta decay experiment." Journal of Instrumentation 4, no. 10 (2009): P10007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/4/10/p10007.

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25

Ruiz, José F., Orlando Domínguez, Teresa Laín de Lera, Miguel García–Díaz, Antonio Bernad, and Luis Blanco. "DNA polymerase mu, a candidate hypermutase?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 356, no. 1405 (2001): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0754.

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A novel DNA polymerase (Pol μ) has been recently identified in human cells. The amino–acid sequence of Pol μ is 42% identical to that of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), a DNA–independent DNA polymerase that contributes to antigen–receptor diversity. In this paper we review the evidence supporting the role of Pol μ in somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes, a T–dependent process that selectively occurs at germinal centres: (i) preferential expression in secondary lymphoid organs; (ii) expression associated to developing germinal centres; and (iii) very low base discriminatio

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Kim, W. T., S. C. Kim, B. Sharma, et al. "Optimization of cryogenic calorimetric detection with lithium molybdate crystals for AMoRE-II experiments." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 07 (2022): P07034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/07/p07034.

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Abstract The AMoRE collaboration is preparing for the second phase of the experiment, AMoRE-II, which will exploit a 100 kg of 100Mo isotopes to search for neutrinoless double beta decay from the isotope. Most of the 100Mo isotopes will be contained in the lithium molybdate (Li2MoO4) crystals, which will act as absorbers of cryogenic calorimeters coupled to MMC (metallic magnetic calorimeter) sensors. The detector array will have a total mass of approximately 200 kg with hundreds of detector modules. Hence, considerable effort has been taken to optimize the lithium molybdate crystal detector i

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27

Avignone, F. T., A. S. Barabash, V. Berest та ін. "Development of large-volume ¹³⁰TeO₂ bolometers for the CROSS 2β decay search experiment". Journal of Instrumentation 19, № 09 (2024): P09013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/09/p09013.

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Abstract We report on the development of thermal detectors based on large-size tellurium dioxide crystals (45 × 45 × 45 mm), containing tellurium enriched in 130Te to about 91%, for the CROSS double-beta decay experiment. A powder used for the crystals growth was additionally purified by the directional solidification method, resulting in the reduction of the concentration of impurities by a factor 10, to a few ppm of the total concentration of residual elements (the main impurity is Fe). The purest part of the ingot (the first ∼ 200 mm, about 80% of the total length of the cylindrical part of

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28

Vivekanand, P. Verma, and K. Chaturvedi. "Limits on Effective Masses of Light and Heavy Majorana Neutrinos for Positron Emitting Modes of Double Beta Decay." Journal of Scientific Research 14, no. 1 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v14i1.50390.

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Double beta decay is a rare weak interaction process in which two identical nucleons inside the nucleus decay with or without the emission of neutrinos. If the neutrinoless double beta decay is observed, the (e+DBD) processes will play a crucial role in discriminating the finer issues like the dominance of Majorana neutrino mass or the right-handed current. In the present work, we have obtained the limits on the effective mass of light and heavy Majorana neutrinos for the electron-positron conversion and double positron-emitting modes of 96Ru, 106Cd, 124Xe, and 130Ba isotopes, using the nuclea

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Francis, Ng K., and Ankur Nath. "The Effects of Majorana Phases in Estimating the Masses of Neutrinos." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 47 (January 2018): 1860100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201019451860100x.

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Majorana CP violating phases coming from heavy right-handed Majorana mass matrices([Formula: see text]) are considered to estimate the masses of neutrinos. The effects of phases on quasi-degenerate neutrinos mass matrix obeying [Formula: see text] symmetry predicts the results consistent with observations for (i) solar mixing angle([Formula: see text]) below TBM, (ii) absolute neutrino mass parameters[[Formula: see text]] in neutrinoless double beta([Formula: see text]) decay, and (iii) cosmological upper bound [Formula: see text]. Analysis is carried out through parameterization of light left

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Lautridou, Pascal. "An R&D program for the research of 2β0ν decay with a SPC". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2502, № 1 (2023): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2502/1/012006.

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Abstract The objective of the R2D2 R&D is to test the concept of a spherical proportional counter (SPC) for the search of the neutrinoless double beta decay (2β0ν). For this, we built a small prototype (40 cm in diameter), which was filled with an argon-based gas mixture at pressures up to 1.1 bar, and irradiated with a 210Po alpha source. We report on results obtained in terms of directional, volume, and energy responses. We performed time measurements by combining the charge readout from the SPC with the light detection provided by a SiPM. We also studied the possibilities of localizing

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Massmann, Alexander, and Keith R. Fox. "Modifying Our Genes: Theology, Science and “Playing God”." Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith 75, no. 3 (2023): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.56315/pscf12-23massmann.

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MODIFYING OUR GENES: Theology, Science and "Playing God" by Alexander Massmann and Keith R. Fox. London, UK: SCM Press, 2021. vii + 151 pages. Paperback; $21.49. ISBN: 9780334059530. *Modifying Our Genes: Theology, Science and "Playing God" is a thought-provoking exploration of the ethical, theological, and scientific implications surrounding human genome editing. Written by Alexander Massmann, a theologian, and Keith R. Fox, a scientist, this book examines the topic clearly and is comprehensible even for those without a background in genetics or bioethics. While their ethical considerations a

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Deye, Nicolas, Amelie Le Gouge, Bruno François, et al. "Can Biomarkers Correctly Predict Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Patients Treated With Targeted Temperature Management After Cardiac Arrest? An Exploratory Study of the Multicenter Randomized Antibiotic (ANTHARTIC) Study." Critical Care Explorations 6, no. 7 (2024): e1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cce.0000000000001104.

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IMPORTANCE: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) frequently occurs in patients with cardiac arrest. Diagnosis of VAP after cardiac arrest remains challenging, while the use of current biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) or procalcitonin (PCT) is debated. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate biomarkers’ impact in helping VAP diagnosis after cardiac arrest. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This is a prospective ancillary study of the randomized, multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled ANtibiotherapy during Therapeutic HypothermiA to pRevenT Infectious Complications (ANTHARTIC) trial evaluatin

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Bryant, Barbara J., Julie A. Hopkins, and Susan F. Leitman. "Evaluation of Low Mean Corpuscular Volume in an Apheresis Donor Population." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 4136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.4136.4136.

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Abstract Donors of apheresis blood components are routinely evaluated with a complete blood count (CBC) at the time of each donation. In otherwise healthy donors, recurrent low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values (&lt; 80 fL) in the presence of an acceptable hemoglobin (≥ 12.5 gm/dL) could be due to iron deficiency or to an hemoglobinopathy, such as alpha thalassemia trait or a beta chain variant trait. Iron deficiency in repeat blood donors may warrant treatment with oral iron supplementation, whereas donors with hemoglobinopathies in the absence of iron deficiency do not need treatment.

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Comellato, Tommaso, Matteo Agostini, and Stefan Schönert. "Topologies of $$^{76}$$Ge double-beta decay events and calibration procedure biases." European Physical Journal C 83, no. 3 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11396-z.

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AbstractThe analysis of the time profile of electrical signals produced by energy depositions in germanium detectors allows discrimination of events with different topologies. This is especially relevant for experiments searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge to distinguish the sought-after signal from other background sources. The standard calibration procedures used to tune the selection criteria for double-beta decay events use a $$^{228}$$ 228 Th source, because it provides samples of signal-like events. These samples exhibit energy spatial distributions with su

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Xia, Shangning, Suizhi Huang, Kexin Xu, et al. "Optimization of convolutional neural networks for background suppression in the PandaX-III experiment." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, September 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/acfe24.

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Abstract The tracks recorded by a gaseous detector provide a possibility for charged particle identi fication. For searching the neutrinoless double beta decay events of 136Xe in the PandaX-III experiment, we optimized the convolutional neural network based on the Monte Carlo simulation data to improve the signal-background discrimination power. EfficientNet is chosen as the baseline model and the optimization is performed by tuning the hyperparameters. In particular, the maximum discrimination power is achieved by optimizing the channel number of the top convolutional layer. In comparison wit

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36

Comellato, Tommaso, Matteo Agostini, and Stefan Schönert. "Charge-carrier collective motion in germanium detectors for $$\beta \beta $$-decay searches." European Physical Journal C 81, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-08889-0.

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AbstractThe time analysis of the signal induced by the drift of charge carriers in high purity germanium detectors provides information on the event topology. Millions of charge carriers are produced in a typical event. Their initial distribution, stochastic diffusion and Coulomb self-repulsion affect the time structure of the signal. We present a comprehensive study of these effects and evaluate their impact on the event discrimination capabilities for the three geometries which will be used in the Legend experiment for neutrinoless double-beta decay.

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37

Yang, Litao. "Searching for $^{76}$Ge neutrinoless double beta decay with the CDEX-1B experiment." Chinese Physics C, June 19, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/ad597b.

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Abstract We operated a p-type point contact high purity germanium (PPCGe) detector (CDEX-1B, 1.008 kg) in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) for 500.3 days to search for neutrinoless double beta ($\bb$) decay of $^{76}$Ge. A total of 504.3 kg$\cdot$day effective exposure data was accumulated. The anti-coincidence and the multi/single-site event (MSE/SSE) discrimination methods were used to suppress the background in the energy region of interest (ROI, 1989--2089 keV for this work) with a factor of 23. A background level of 0.33 counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr) was achieved. The lowe

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38

Agostini, M., G. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, et al. "Characterization of inverted coaxial $$^{76}$$Ge detectors in GERDA for future double-$$\beta $$ decay experiments." European Physical Journal C 81, no. 6 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09184-8.

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AbstractNeutrinoless double-$$\beta $$ β decay of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge is searched for with germanium detectors where source and detector of the decay are identical. For the success of future experiments it is important to increase the mass of the detectors. We report here on the characterization and testing of five prototype detectors manufactured in inverted coaxial (IC) geometry from material enriched to 88% in $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge. IC detectors combine the large mass of the traditional semi-coaxial Ge detectors with the superior resolution and pulse shape discrimination power of point contact detect

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39

Dai, W. H., H. Ma, Z. Zeng, L. T. Yang, Q. Yue, and J. P. Cheng. "Virtual segmentation of a small contact HPGe detector: inference of hit positions of single-site events via pulse shape analysis." European Physical Journal C 84, no. 3 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12645-5.

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AbstractExploring hit positions of recorded events can help to understand and suppress backgrounds in rare event searches. We propose a pulse shape analysis method to discriminate single-site events (SSEs) in the inner and outer layer of a small contact P-type germanium detector (HPGe). SSEs in the inner and outer layer have different pulse shape features, of which the rise time of the $$(T_{Q})$$ ( T Q ) and current pulse $$(T_{I})$$ ( T I ) are selected for discrimination. A 500 Bq Thorium-228 (Th-228) source is used to determine the boundaries between the two layers. The double escape peak

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40

Pompa, Federica, Thomas Schwetz, and Jing-Yu Zhu. "Impact of nuclear matrix element calculations for current and future neutrinoless double beta decay searches." Journal of High Energy Physics 2023, no. 6 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2023)104.

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Abstract Nuclear matrix elements (NME) are a crucial input for the interpretation of neutrinoless double beta decay data. We consider a representative set of recent NME calculations from different methods and investigate the impact on the present bound on the effective Majorana mass mββ by performing a combined analysis of the available data as well as on the sensitivity reach of future projects. A crucial role is played by the recently discovered short-range contribution to the NME, induced by light Majorana neutrino masses. Depending on the NME model and the relative sign of the long- and sh

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41

Agostini, M., G. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, et al. "Pulse shape analysis in Gerda Phase II." European Physical Journal C 82, no. 4 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10163-w.

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AbstractThe GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double-$$\beta $$ β decay in $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge using isotopically enriched high purity germanium detectors at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN. After Phase I (2011–2013), the experiment benefited from several upgrades, including an additional active veto based on LAr instrumentation and a significant increase of mass by point-contact germanium detectors that improved the half-life sensitivity of Phase II (2015–2019) by an order of magnitude. At the core of the background mitigation strategy, the a

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42

Ahmine, A., A. Armatol, I. Bandac, et al. "Enhanced light signal for the suppression of pile-up events in Mo-based bolometers for the 0$$\nu \beta \beta $$ decay search." European Physical Journal C 83, no. 5 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11519-6.

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AbstractRandom coincidences of events could be one of the main sources of background in the search for neutrino-less double-beta decay of $$^{100}$$ 100 Mo with macro-bolometers, due to their modest time resolution. Scintillating bolometers as those based on Li$$_2$$ 2 MoO$$_4$$ 4 crystals and employed in the CROSS and CUPID experiments can eventually exploit the coincident fast signal detected in a light detector to reduce this background. However, the scintillation provides a modest signal-to-noise ratio, making difficult a pile-up pulse-shape recognition and rejection at timescales shorter

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43

Simón, A., Y. Ifergan, A. B. Redwine, et al. "Boosting background suppression in the NEXT experiment through Richardson-Lucy deconvolution." Journal of High Energy Physics 2021, no. 7 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep07(2021)146.

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Abstract Next-generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiments aim for half-life sensitivities of ∼ 1027 yr, requiring suppressing backgrounds to < 1 count/tonne/yr. For this, any extra background rejection handle, beyond excellent energy resolution and the use of extremely radiopure materials, is of utmost importance. The NEXT experiment exploits differences in the spatial ionization patterns of double beta decay and single-electron events to discriminate signal from background. While the former display two Bragg peak dense ionization regions at the opposite ends of the track, the lat

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44

Ge, Shao-Feng, and Liang Tan. "Identifying neutrino mass ordering with cosmic gravitational focusing." Physical Review D 111, no. 8 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.083539.

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The cosmic gravitational focusing (CGF) of relic neutrinos can provide an independent measurement of the absolute neutrino masses mi with fourth-power dependence (mi4). We demonstrate in this paper for the first time how this can help identify the neutrino mass ordering, using the fact that total mass falling below the inverted ordering threshold allows the discrimination of inverted ordering. Upon incorporating the projected CGF sensitivity at DESI, the preference for the normal ordering with a prior ∑mi>0.059 eV would increase from the original 89.9% of the existing matter clustering meth

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45

Li, Tao, Shaobo Wang, Yu Chen, et al. "Signal identification with Kalman Filter towards background-free neutrinoless double beta decay searches in gaseous detectors." Journal of High Energy Physics 2021, no. 6 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2021)106.

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Abstract Particle tracks and differential energy loss measured in high pressure gaseous detectors can be exploited for event identification in neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) searches. We develop a new method based on Kalman Filter in a Bayesian formalism (KFB) to reconstruct meandering tracks of MeV-scale electrons. With simulation data, we compare the signal and background discrimination power of the KFB method assuming different detector granularities and energy resolutions. Typical background from 232Th and 238U decay chains can be suppressed by another order of magnitude than that i

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46

Yvaine, M., D. Fairbank, J. Soderstrom, et al. "Overcoming photobleaching in imaging of single barium atoms in a solid xenon matrix." Physical Review Research 6, no. 4 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.043193.

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Neutrinoless double beta decay is one of the most sensitive probes for new physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. One of the isotopes under investigation is Xe136, which would double beta decay into Ba136. Detecting the single Ba136 daughter provides a sort of ultimate tool in the discrimination against backgrounds. Previous work demonstrated the ability to perform single atom imaging of Ba atoms in a single-vacancy site of a solid xenon matrix. In this paper, the effort to identify signal from individual barium atoms is extended to Ba atoms in a hexa-vacancy site in the matrix

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47

Jany, A., M. Misiaszek, T. Mroz, et al. "Fabrication, characterization and analysis of a prototype high purity germanium detector for $$^{76}$$Ge-based neutrinoless double beta decay experiments." European Physical Journal C 81, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08781-3.

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AbstractExperiments searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay in $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge are currently achieving the lowest background level and, in connection with the excellent energy resolution of germanium detectors, they exhibit the best discovery potential for the decay. Expansion to a ton scale of the active target mass is presently considered – in this case on-site production of the detectors may be an option. In this paper we describe the fabrication and characterization procedures of a prototype detector with a small p+ contact, which enhances the abilities of the pulse shape discrimi

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48

Agostini, M., A. M. Bakalyarov, E. Andreotti, et al. "Characterization of 30 $$^{76}$$Ge enriched Broad Energy Ge detectors for GERDA Phase II." European Physical Journal C 79, no. 11 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7353-8.

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AbstractThe GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) is a low background experiment located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, which searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay of $$^{76}$$76Ge into $$^{76}$$76Se+2e$$^-$$-. Gerda has been conceived in two phases. Phase II, which started in December 2015, features several novelties including 30 new 76Ge enriched detectors. These were manufactured according to the Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe) detector design that has a better background discrimination capability and energy resolution compared to formerly widely-used types. Prior to th

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Anchisi, Stéphanie, Jessica Guerra, and Dominique Garcin. "RIG-I ATPase Activity and Discrimination of Self-RNA versus Non-Self-RNA." mBio 6, no. 2 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02349-14.

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ABSTRACTMany RNA viruses are detected by retinoic acid-inducible gene i (RIG-I), a cytoplasmic sensor that triggers an antiviral response upon binding non-self-RNA that contains a stretch of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) bearing a base-paired 5′ ppp nucleotide. To gain insight into how RIG-I discriminates between self-RNA and non-self-RNA, we used duplexes whose complementary bottom strand contained both ribo- and deoxynucleotides. These duplexes were examined for their binding to RIG-I and their relative abilities to stimulate ATPase activity, to induce RIG-I dimerization on the duplex, and to

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Callaghan, E. J., B. L. Goldblum, J. A. Brown, et al. "Measurement of proton light yield of water-based liquid scintillator." European Physical Journal C 83, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11242-2.

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AbstractThe proton light yield of liquid scintillators is an important property in the context of their use in large-scale neutrino experiments, with direct implications for neutrino-proton scattering measurements and the discrimination of fast neutrons from inverse $$\beta $$ β -decay coincidence signals. This work presents the first measurement of the proton light yield of a water-based liquid scintillator (WbLS) formulated from 5% linear alkyl benzene (LAB), at energies below 20 MeV, as well as a measurement of the proton light yield of a pure LAB + 2 g/L 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) mixture (

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