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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Dumping (International trade)”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 29 lipca 2024

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1

Wisuttisak, Pornchai. "Australian Free Trade Agreement/Anti-dumping Clauses: Fair Trade or Anti-competitive Provision." Global Trade and Customs Journal 5, Issue 1 (January 1, 2010): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2010003.

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The anti-dumping clause on free trade agreement is originated as the remedy for protecting fair and competitive international trade. However, the clause can also be deviated to be the instrument of trade protection and the impediment of market competition. This article attempts to focus on the anti-dumping clause for Australian free trade agreement in this regard. It examines how anti-dumping may lead to anti-competitive behaviours, international cartels, and negative effect for consumer interests. It then discusses the conflict between the anti-dumping and competition law. The article propose

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Serences, Roman, and Dagmar Kozelova. "Dumping – Unfair Trade Practice." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 06033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219206033.

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Research background:The Globalisation gradually has removed the protection that has existed to protect producers against unfair trade practices. Existence of imperfect competition within an international trade is presented by descending curve of average costs while increasing economies of scale; it often leads some producers not to adjust the price in relation to the marker. In this case, we speak about dumping.Purpose of the article:The article deals with dumping issue – an unfair trade practice analysing EU trade policy including antidumping, related Slovak legislation, price discrimination

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Affandi, Imanudin. "Anti-Dumping Policy as An Effort To Maintain Indonesia's Economic Sovereignty." Law and Justice 8, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/laj.v8i1.1791.

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Anti-dumping is an effort to reduce the impact of losses due to dumping practices. In general, dumping practices are considered legal if they do not harm or damage the economy of the country that is the target market for the goods. Anti-dumping is also part of the trade defense mechanism, which is an international legal instrument provided by the World Trade Organization (WTO) to resolve dumping disputes and deal with losses arising from dumping practices in destination countries. The writing of this article uses the normative legal research method, which is research conducted by examining lit

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4

Laa Tansa Amalia, Rachel Luna Widyawati, Anintyas Kusuma, and Amalia Nurwachidah Rosyadi. "Dumping Practices on Market Balance: A Review of Business Competition in E-Commerce." Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities 4, no. 3 (March 21, 2024): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v4i3.330.

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The practice of dumping is an increasing phenomenon in international trade. Dumping is a practice where exporters sell commodities on the international market at prices below fair value or lower than the price in the country of origin or the general price on the international market. This practice is considered unfair because it can damage the market and harm competitors in the importing country. The government can adopt policies and regulations that protect local producers from dumping practices. Industry players can work together to monitor and report suspicious dumping practices. Internatio

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Akmaliya, Rifda Ayu, Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa, and Sonny Zulhuda. "Anti-Dumping Committee’s Strategy to Confront Dumping Practices: Indonesian Law and International Law Perspective." Journal of Private and Commercial Law 7, no. 1 (July 31, 2023): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpcl.v7i1.44491.

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This study investigates the Indonesian Anti-Dumping Committee's role and legal efforts in addressing dumping practices within the context of Indonesia's membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and adherence to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Previous research has demonstrated the existence of dumping in imported polyester staple fiber products, leading to the committee's proposal of anti-dumping duties. The committee is responsible for receiving reports on alleged dumping and producing final reports. Despite these efforts, the study reveals an ongoing increase in du

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Davis, Lucy. "Ten Years of Anti-dumping in the EU: Economic and Political Targeting." Global Trade and Customs Journal 4, Issue 7/8 (July 1, 2009): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2009027.

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Anti-dumping is at the heart of EU trade policy. Its use is justified on the grounds of eliminating injurious dumping by foreign firms and reestablishing conditions of ‘fair’ trade. Use of anti-dumping has been rising globally, generating concerns about the potential for protectionist abuse of this trade defence instrument (TDI). Most economists are of the opinion that anti-dumping has little to do with ‘unfair’ trade. In general, suspicions are high that domestic industries are turning to anti-dumping as a form of protectionism, and that the EU’s current anti-dumping laws support their effort

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Zubkov, S. A., and G. N. Krainov. "STRUGGLE OF TRADE UNIONS AGAINST SOCIAL DUMPING." World of Transport and Transportation 15, no. 5 (October 28, 2017): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-5-20.

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[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT In the context of modern globalization, transnational corporations (TNC) use social dumping in their practice, which is expressed in the export of low-quality economic resources, political ideas or sociocultural values for their own advantage to underdeveloped countries. The authors of the article, using examples from the activities of international transport unions, show their struggle against such dumping, in defense of the labor rights of wage workers,

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Fujiwara, Kenji. "A Dynamic Reciprocal Dumping Model of International Trade." Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics 16, no. 3 (December 2009): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2009.9720842.

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Prusa, Thomas J. "Anti-dumping: A Growing Problem in International Trade." World Economy 28, no. 5 (May 2005): 683–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2005.00700.x.

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Einhorn, Talia. "Reconciling Israeli Antidumping Law With WTO/GATT International Trade Law Rules." Israel Law Review 32, no. 1 (1998): 81–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015600.

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Dumping is defined, basically, as the sale of goods to an export market at a price below that charged for comparable goods in the exporter's home market. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) does not forbid such action, not even when injurious to the competing domestic industry. However, it has taken the view that dumping constitutes an unfair trade practice. Under GATT, Article VI Contracting Parties (or Members, as they are now termed in the GATT 1994 Agreements) are authorized, as an exception to other GATT obligations, to unilaterally impose antidumping (hereinafter: AD) dutie

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11

Howse, Robert, and Robert W. Staiger. "United States – Sunset Review of Anti-Dumping Duties on Corrosion-Resistant Carbon Steel Flat Products From Japan (AB-2003-5, WT/DS244/AB/R): A Legal and Economic Analysis of the Appellate Body Ruling." World Trade Review 5, S1 (2006): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474560600139x.

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The WTO Anti-Dumping (AD) Agreement requires that anti-dumping duties be reviewed at least every five years (Art. 11.3); pursuant to this requirement, domestic trade authorities in the United States are charged with the task of making a determination as to whether, after five years, revoking the duties would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping (Commerce) and of material injury (US International Trade Commission, or USITC). This is called a Sunset Review; a negative determination of likelihood, either with respect to dumping or injury, will result in the duties expiring,

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12

Kondang Pribadi, Adhimaz, and Tirta Gautama. "Role of The WTO (World Trade Organization) To Limit Dumping Practice." Devotion Journal of Community Service 4, no. 2 (February 23, 2023): 624–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/devotion.v4i2.415.

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International trade is a cross-border buying and selling transaction, which involves two parties and crosses state boundaries. Dumping is a system of selling goods on foreign markets in large quantities at very low prices with the aim that domestic purchase prices are not lowered so that they can eventually dominate foreign markets and regain control of prices. From the above background, the problem in this research is the role of the WTO (World Trade Organization) to limit dumping practices. Answering these problems the researchers used a normative juridical approach. Normative juridical appr

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Hien, Ho Ngoc, and Le Lan Anh. "CRITICAL ASSESSMENTS OF ANTI-DUMPING DISPUTES SETTLEMENT MECHANISM AT THE WTO AND VIETNAM’S PARTICIPATIONS." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 5, no. 8 (August 1, 2023): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume05issue08-11.

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Anti-dumping disputes are types of trade disputes in international trade. There are more and more countries actively conducting anti-dumping investigations on imported goods, including Vietnam’s export goods. Many decisions taken by the Authorities have not received the approval of the involved parties. As a result, disputes over anti-dumping investigations happen. The settlement of anti-dumping disputes has become a necessity for parties to protect their legitimate rights and interests. This prompted the establishment of a dispute settlement body between member countries of the WTO including

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14

Widiarty, Wiwik Sri. "Economic Globalization in Protecting Domestic Products through Anti-Dumping Laws." International Journal of Law and Politics Studies 6, no. 2 (March 2, 2024): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijlps.2024.6.2.1.

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Economic globalization has opened up wider international trade opportunities. However, on the other hand, globalization also brings potential threats to domestic industry, one of which is the practice of dumping. This research aims to analyze how economic globalization influences the effectiveness of Anti-Dumping Laws in protecting domestic products. This research uses normative juridical research methods. The data collection technique in this research is a literature study. The data that has been collected is then analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing

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Bohanes, Jan. "Developing WTO Members as Users and Targets of Anti-dumping Policy." Global Trade and Customs Journal 16, Issue 10 (October 1, 2021): 531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2021063.

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For most of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1947 era, the use of anti-dumping duties was typically limited to a small circle of developed countries. However, starting with the final years of the GATT 1947 era and especially in the WTO era, there has been a considerable expansion in the use of anti-dumping measures in general, and especially by developing countries. Today, developing countries represent the majority of both users and targets of anti-dumping measures. Like developed country users, developing countries have imposed many measures against exporters from other deve

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16

Beck, Jochen, and Laurent Ruessmann. "Enforcement of EU TDI Measures: Addressing the Challenges of the 21st Century." Global Trade and Customs Journal 15, Issue 9 (August 1, 2020): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2020082.

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The EU’s trade defence instruments (TDI) enforcement tools are around twenty-five years old and circumvention activities have expanded considerably beyond what the existing rules initially sought to address. This article examines the main enforcement challenges and suggests legislative changes to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the EU TDI enforcement tools. subsidies, anti-subsidy, countervail, dumping, anti-dumping, circumvention, enforcement, trade, trade defence, absorption, transhipment, channelling, simple assembly, non-cooperation

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Jacobsz, Thinus. "Circumvention of Anti-Dumping Measures: Law and Practice of South Africa." Global Trade and Customs Journal 11, Issue 11/12 (December 1, 2016): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2016067.

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As a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), South Africa has honoured its international trade obligations through the enactment of domestic legislation which govern the requirements and procedures for the setting or changing of anti-dumping duties. In line with other WTO members introducing measures to curtail the circumvention of dumping activities by other WTO -members, South Africa adopted anti-circumvention measures in 1994. A guide introduced amongst others measures to counter those events where an exporter would absorb an anti-dumping duty; or if a related party supply the goods i

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Gea Ossita S, Eduard Awang Maha Putra, and Baiq Riska Anggi Safitri. "Analisis Yuridis Kewajiban Anti Dumping Bagi Sebagian Produk Fatty Alcohol antara Indonesia dan Uni Eropa." JISOSEPOL: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Ekonomi dan Politik 1, no. 2 (January 29, 2024): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.61787/0wq7fe63.

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This research aims to analyze the case of anti-dumping obligations against fatty alcohol products in the dispute between Indonesia and the European Union. The research method used is normative legal research, using a statutory approach and conceptual approach. The result shows that anti-dumping provisions are regulated internationally in Article VI of GATT 1947. As one of the countries that is part of the World Trade Organization, Indonesia ratified the provisions of GATT-WTO with the issuance of Law Number 7 of 1974 dated November 2, 1994, concerning the ratification of the Agreement on Estab

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Nicolaides, Phedon. "Does the International Trade System Need Anti-Dumping Rules?" World Competition 14, Issue 1 (September 1, 1990): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco1990005.

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Debapriya, Aryashree, and Tapan Kumar Panda. "Anti-dumping Retaliation—A Common Threat to International Trade." Global Business Review 7, no. 2 (August 2006): 297–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097215090600700207.

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Bekker, Doreen. "THE STRATEGIC USE OF ANTI‐DUMPING IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE." South African Journal of Economics 74, no. 3 (September 2006): 501–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2006.00088.x.

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VanDuzer, J. Anthony. "Binational Panel Review of Trade Remedies Determinations: Prospects for Exporting the USMCA’s Unique Procedure." Global Trade and Customs Journal 17, Issue 7/8 (July 1, 2022): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2022038.

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The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) contains a distinctive procedure under which anti-dumping and countervailing duty determinations by national agencies can be reviewed by an ad hoc binational panel established under the treaty as an alternative to domestic court review. Binational panel review was first adopted in the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement (Canada-US FTA) to respond to Canada’s concern that the administration of the US anti-dumping and countervailing duty laws by the US agencies was biased in favour of the US domestic industries and the review of agency determinations

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Vinti, Clive. "The Conduct of “Price Undertakings” and “Interim Reviews” in the Anti-Dumping Regime of South Africa [Discussion of Casar Drahtseilwerk Saar GMBH V International Trade Administration Commission (66248/2014) 2020 ZAGPPHC 141 (14 February 2020)]." Stellenbosch Law Review 2022, no. 3 (2022): 560–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/slr/2022/i3a11.

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The administration of anti-dumping investigations is the sole mandate of the International Trade Administration Commission (“ITAC”). This investigation has two stages, the preliminary and final investigation stages, which are accompanied by investigation reports at each stage. The investigation can be terminated or suspended after the preliminary investigation if the offending exporter ceases exports to the Southern African Customs Union (“SACU”) at the dumped prices or revises its prices such that ITAC is satisfied that injurious dumping has been eliminated. Twelve months after the publicatio

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Kim, Jin Woo, Isabel Fressynet, Anna Golouchko, and Valentina Van Opdenbosch. "EU Case Laws on Trade Defence Instruments (TDI) in 2022." Global Trade and Customs Journal 18, Issue 5 (May 1, 2023): 182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2023019.

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This article provides an overview of the judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) regarding EU’s trade defence instruments (TDI) in the year 2022, in particular, with respect to admissibility, dumping, injury and procedural aspects. EU trade defence instruments (TDI), anti-dumping, anti-subsidy, safeguards, Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)

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Ahn, Dukgeun, and Hyun Ji Chun. "Evolution and Limitations of the Lesser Duty Rule Under the WTO Anti-dumping Agreement." Journal of World Trade 56, Issue 6 (December 1, 2022): 985–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2022041.

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Under the Lesser Duty Rule (LDR) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Anti- Dumping Agreement (ADA), anti-dumping duties are imposed as the lower of the two: dumping margin and injury margin. It has been established to impose anti-dumping duties only to the amount necessary to eliminate injury on domestic industries caused by dumping. Most WTO members have long advocated the mandatory application of the LDR The LDR was first proposed during the Kennedy Round and was adopted in the Tokyo Round Anti-Dumping Code without major changes. The rule has not changed since then and still remains a disc

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Issabekov, Nurlybek, and Adam Mateusz Suchecki. "Analysis Of The EU Anti-dumping Policy In Terms Of The Revealed Comparative Advantages." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 19, no. 5 (March 30, 2017): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cer-2016-0037.

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Anti-dumping policy is an important instrument of trade policy as far as protecting markets against dishonest practices of foreign suppliers is concerned and it is compliant with international regulations such as e.g. these set by the World Trade Organisation. Generally, dumping concerns exporting commodities at lower prices than a selling price of commodities (so-called normal value). Anti-dumping policy uses appropriate preventive means against dishonest practices in a situation when:- commodity was brought to customs territory of an importing country at dumping prices,- import inflicted dam

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Koo, Won W. "Effects of Dumping vs. Anti-dumping Measures: The US Trade Remedy Laws Applied to Wheat Imports from Canada." Journal of World Trade 41, Issue 6 (December 1, 2007): 1163–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2007044.

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Empirical estimation of the effects of dumping (and/or subsidization) usually has been assessed by estimating it after the imposition of an anti-dumping duty (and/or countervailing duty) order. This article examines, theoretically and empirically, the difference between the economic effects of dumping and anti-dumping measures, using US trade remedy law against hard red spring (HRS) wheat imports from Canada. An econometric model is developed and used to estimate the effects of the decline in HRS wheat imports from Canada after the imposition of anti-dumping/countervailing duties by US authori

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Reese, Ira. "Article: Usage of Transshipment as a Means of Circumvention." Global Trade and Customs Journal 19, Issue 5 (May 1, 2024): 322–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2024043.

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National and international authorities have always experienced significant difficulties in attempting to control the transshipment of articles of commerce that are subject to trade sanctions or excessive dumping duties. Since the exclusion or limitation of an article of commerce from international trade by either means of trade sanctions or Anti-Dumping Countervailing Duties (AD/CVD) is a blow not only to the commerce of a country but its prestige it is a powerful weapon that is used against bad actors. Accordingly, there is a powerful urge among bad actors to bring its goods to market by tran

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Uhm, Ihn Ho, Nick Covelli, Gregory W. Bowman, and David A. Gantz. "Anti-dumping and Countervailing Duty Law and Practice: The Mexican Experience." Global Trade and Customs Journal 5, Issue 7/8 (July 1, 2010): 267–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2010034.

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Although Mexican anti-dumping and countervailing duty laws are similar in important respects to the unfair trade laws of Mexico’s North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) partners, the United States and Canada, there are significant procedural and substantive differences. In light of these differences, and given that Mexico is one of the World Trade Organization’s (WTO’s) most frequent users of unfair trade laws (including at least twenty-five actions against United States producers in recent years), the subject warrants closer study and analysis by academics and practitioners alike. This a

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Khanderia, Saloni. "The Compatibility of South African Anti-Dumping Laws with WTO Disciplines." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 25, no. 3 (August 2017): 347–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2017.0199.

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This article evaluates the compatibility of South African laws on anti-dumping with the WTO disciplines set forth in the Anti-Dumping Agreement. It analyses the provisions of the International Trade Administration Act 2002 and the Anti-Dumping Regulations 2005 to examine whether South Africa has been adhering to its WTO obligations. The South African law on this subject is largely incompatible with its WTO counterpart in matters of, inter alia, the calculation of the constructed export price, the determination of material injury and a causal relationship, the imposition of provisional and defi

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Sibanda, Omphemetse S. "Procedural Requirements of the South African Anti-Dumping Law and Practice Prior to Imposition of Anti-Dumping Duties: Are They Really WTO-inconsistent?" Foreign Trade Review 55, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 216–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732519894150.

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Dumping, which is a form of price discrimination or differential pricing of different units of the same good sold at different prices in different markets, remains a continuing problem for many countries. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) members resort to the imposition of anti-dumping duties or levies to offset the effects of the dumped products on the domestic industry. This article provides a critical analysis of procedural issues in the South African anti-dumping law and practice to determine if it is compatible with the WTO’s Anti-Dumping Agreement (ADA). It particularly focusses on pro

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Miranda, Jorge. "Why the Potential for Trade Diversion should Be Examined Prior to Considering Setting an Antidumping Duty Lower than the Dumping Margin." Global Trade and Customs Journal 8, Issue 9 (September 1, 2013): 284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2013039.

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This paper argues that, where the potential for trade diversion is significant, the protective effects of antidumping measures are heavily diluted, as in such circumstances imports can be sourced from non-subject countries at prices lower than the price of subject imports inclusive of an AD duty reflecting the full dumping margin. Therefore, investigating authorities in World Trade Organization (WTO) Members where the 'lesser duty rule' is part of domestic legislation should examine whether the potential for trade diversion is significant prior to considering setting an AD duty at a level lowe

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Xu, Xinpeng. "International trade and environmental policy: how effective is ‘eco-dumping’?" Economic Modelling 17, no. 1 (January 2000): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0264-9993(99)00021-8.

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Cornelis, Joris. "Anti-Circumvention: A Comparison." Global Trade and Customs Journal 11, Issue 11/12 (December 1, 2016): 542–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2016070.

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No basic multilateral definition of ‘circumvention’ is embedded within Article VI, nor in any subsequent Anti-Dumping Code or Agreement. This lack of a multilateral framework is striking, given the prominence this issue has assumed in the world of anti-dumping. Indeed, as reported in the World Trade Organization (WTO) Chapter, 36 of the 87 AD legislations that were notified to the Committee on Anti-Dumping Practices already include anticircumvention provisions and more nations are expected to follow suit. This article provides a comparison of the relevant provisions and practices in the nine j

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Mahncke, Hans. "Applying the MFN Principle to WTO Anti-dumping Law: An Opportunity for Curbing the Use of Anti-dumping Measures." Legal Issues of Economic Integration 41, Issue 2 (May 1, 2014): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/leie2014009.

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Since the 1970s anti-dumping has gained prominence in international trade law. Not only have anti-dumping measures proliferated but many new anti-dumping users have emerged, including developing countries. However, the limited negotiating mandate of the WTO's Doha Round indicates that anti-dumping law will remain unchanged for years to come. In seeking ways to reverse these trends, this study explores the possibility of constraining the use of the anti-dumping instrument through existing laws. It approaches this objective by examining the relationship between the WTO's specialized anti-dumping

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Abdulkadhim Dadoosh, Ali, and Manahel Mustafa Alomary. "THE IMPACT OF UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES ON THE IRAQI ECONOMY, PRICE DISCRIMINATION - DUMPING AS A MODEL." Akkad Journal Of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 4 (June 25, 2022): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.55202/ajms.v1i4.89.

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Globalization has gradually removed the protection that existed to protect producers from unfair trade practices, as the case of imperfect competition within international trade is presented through a descending curve of average costs with an increase. Therefore, economies of scale are gradual. Often, some producers (the monopolistic firms) do not adjust the price relative to the index, and the change in prices for different consumers is called price discrimination. When speaking of the concept of international trade, dumping is the most common type of price discrimination in trade. Price prac

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XU, Jiaqing. "Comments on United States – investigation of the International Trade Commission in softwood lumber from Canada, recourse to article 21.5 of the DSU by Canada." Theory and Practice of Social Science 3, no. 5 (December 31, 2021): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.6914/tpss.030501.

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This article is based on United States – investigation of the International Trade Commission in softwood lumber from Canada, recourse to article 21.5 of the DSU by Canada（WT/DS277/AB/RW）panel and Based on the report of the Appellate Body, it analyzed the case and proposed to amend the Anti-dumping Agreement and improve domestic laws to reduce anti-dumping disputes.

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López, Julio Antonio García, and María Moreno Sancho. "The US and EU Solar Trade Remedies Saga: The Globalization of Mercantilism." Journal of World Trade 56, Issue 4 (June 1, 2022): 615–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2022025.

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This article explores the different trade-restrictive measures and legal strategies carried out by the United States and the European Union during the solar trade remedies saga. It focuses on the US and EU use of rules of origin as a protectionist device against the alleged circumvention of anti-dumping and countervailing duties, as well as on the cartelizing effect of US and the EU legal strategies with respect to solar trade remedies. It concludes that the US and EU solar trade remedies saga has resulted in the globalization of mercantilism. The elimination of trade remedies on products used

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Ahn, Dukgeun. "Third Country Dumping: Origin, Evolution and Prospect." Journal of World Trade 46, Issue 3 (June 1, 2012): 635–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2012020.

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Third country anti-dumping actions were envisioned at the very inception of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and yet almost completely neglected by most governments throughout the GATT/World Trade Organization (WTO) history. The requirement for prior approval by multilateral trade institutions became a formidable procedural obstacle for any country seeking third country anti-dumping duty (AD) actions. Despite such difficulties, there were only few attempts to effectively employ such actions and several legal arrangements to refine the rules for third country AD actions. This a

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Van Vaerenbergh, Pieter, and Philipp Reinhold. "Significant Distortions Under Article 2(6a) BADR: Three Years of Commission Practice." Global Trade and Customs Journal 16, Issue 5 (May 1, 2021): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2021021.

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The EU’s autonomous trade policy has recently been updated to increase its resilience and to seek to establish a level playing field. Already in 2017 and 2018, anti-dumping law was reformed for this purpose. The 2017 reform introduced a new exception to the primary method for determining normal value. According to the new Article 2(6a) of the Basic Anti-Dumping Regulation, the actual sales price in the exporting country is to be rejected if there are ‘significant distortions’. Whereas much has been written about whether this new methodology is compatible with WTO law, this article analyses how

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Song, Joon-Heon. "An Exploratory Study on the Restrictiveness of Antidumping Measures in Regional Trade Agreements." Korea Association for International Commerce and Information 25, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15798/kaici.2023.25.1.153.

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Although traditional trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas have been significantly eliminated with the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the expansion of regional trade agreements (RTAs), the effects of trade liberalization have been greatly impeded by the abuse of anti-dumping measures. Therefore, many countries have introduced various WTO-plus provisions to strengthen the procedural and substantive requirements for the imposition of anti-dumping duties in their RTAs. This study examined anti-dumping provisions included in 320 RTAs in effect and quantified the degree

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Pogoretskyy, Vitaliy. "The System of Energy Dual Pricing in Russia and Ukraine: The Consistency of the Energy Dual Pricing System with the WTO Agreement on Anti-dumping." Global Trade and Customs Journal 4, Issue 10 (October 1, 2009): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2009040.

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Dual pricing has been a controversial issue in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the World Trade Organization in the context of trade in natural resources and natural resources-based products. So far, a WTO panel has never had a chance to rule on the consistency of energy dual pricing system with WTO rules. This article examines the relationship between energy dual pricing systems in Russia and Ukraine and anti-dumping measures applied against these countries’ exporters of energy-intensive products. The key question analyzed in the article in whether the WTO Agreement on Anti-Dump

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Tektona, Rahmadi Indra, Nuzulia Kumala Sari, and Amru Hanifa Mukti. "Indonesian Legal Remedies Againts Tiongkok and Vietnam Dumping in Indonesia." Metafora: Education, Social Sciences and Humanities Journal 4, no. 2 (March 20, 2021): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/metafora.v4n2.p58-70.

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Indonesia has a problem increasing the number of iron and steel imports from year to year, but Tiongkok and Vietnam are highlighted differently by government because they have experienced a significant increase, so they are suspected of dumping. And than, what the legal remedies should be taken against the alleged dumping carried out by Tiongkok and Vietnam by competent institutions and related parties and what the legal consequnces are. This research will be analyzed with normative legal research principles, legal doctrines, and international agreements with the law approach and conceptual ap

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Lin, Tsai-Yu. "Exploring the Link Between Trade and Cultural Protection in the Context of Anti–dumping." Journal of World Trade 42, Issue 3 (June 1, 2008): 563–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2008024.

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With the conclusion of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions on 20 October 2005, the complex issue of culture and cultural diversity is gaining a new prominence internationally. Insofar as cultural safeguard instruments are concerned, measures available to domestic cultural industries to respond to the importation of foreign cultural imports are obviously rather limited in the World Trade Organization (WTO). In this article, the author argues that the notion that cultura

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Comnenus, George Arie. "The General Theory of the Natural Course of World Trade: Special Circumstances to Initiate Trade Remedy Investigations." Journal of World Trade 55, Issue 5 (September 1, 2021): 805–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2021034.

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Via the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, this article proposes a definition of the “special circumstances” that sanction authorities to self-initiate trade remedy proceedings per article 5.6 of the WTO Anti-dumping Agreement. In effect, it optimizes the world economy by enabling authorities to self-detect unfair trading practices – without a complaint of the domestic industry. This inability likely restrains trade remedies’ potential as a finer, more fruitful alternative for the indiscriminate imposition of bulk-tariffs – visible in the Sino-American trade war. Arguably, the “special

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Hussain, Amjad, Shahzada Amir Mushtaq, and Muhammad Arif Saeed. "The Reclamation of Dispute Settlement Mechanism in WTO for Sustainability of International Trade (Trade Law vs. Security Law)." Global Legal Studies Review VI, no. II (June 30, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glsr.2021(vi-ii).08.

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The ideology of Bretton Woods for multilateral trading system buried in the USA during the reigns of Trump. He has not only reversed the 80 years’ trade rules of the USA but poses a potential threat to Multilateral trade and endangered the WTO mechanism of dispute resolution by delaying the nominations forits Appellate forum. The present study focuses both on the potential crises in international trade and American invocation of excessive tariffs and Anti-Dumping duties in the form of National Security Measures contrary to the provisions of the GATT Agreement. The Security Measures taken by th

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Yu, Yanning. "China’s Non-state Enterprises and Anti-Dumping Practices: A Perspective." Global Trade and Customs Journal 4, Issue 11/12 (November 1, 2009): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2009048.

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This paper discusses and analyses China’s non-state enterprises and the severe challenges they face in responding to overseas anti-dumping investigations. It begins by presenting a general overview of China’s non-state enterprises in its trade regime. It then moves to address and analyse anti-dumping challenges that China’s non-state enterprises have encountered in the past. It further discusses some issues regarding anti-dumping laws and policies adopted by China’s major trading partners against Chinese exports and their impact on China’s non-state enterprises. The paper concludes that more i

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Kanas, Vera, and Carolina Müller. "The New Brazilian Anti-Dumping Regulation: A Balance of the First Years." Global Trade and Customs Journal 12, Issue 11/12 (December 1, 2017): 462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2017061.

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In 2013, Brazil issued a new anti-dumping regulation: Decree 8058/2013. The new rules came under a context of enhancement of the trade remedies system, in the scope of an industrial policy that aimed to protect the domestic production against imports. Since then, Brazilian public policies changed significantly, becoming more focused on seeking new markets for exports instead of protecting the domestic market. Nonetheless, the new anti-dumping law has changed permanently the trade remedies system in Brazil. This article reviews developments in the modernization of Brazil’s anti-dumping law. Wha

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Nsour, Mohammad Abualethem. "The WTO and Using Digital Economy Technologies: Surviving the Race With Preferential Trade Agreements." Journal of World Trade 57, Issue 5 (October 1, 2023): 763–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2023031.

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This article examines the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain technologies to help resolve trade disputes, facilitate multilateral trade and increase efficiency within the World Trade Organization (WTO). It looks at how AI and blockchain can be used to automate more complex trade processes, such as anti-dumping measures. The article also outlines the challenges associated with implementing such technologies, such as the need for developing countries to invest in infrastructure, the need to ensure correct data is available, and the potential for future regulatory challenges

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Xu, Yu-hong. "Reflection on Labor Standard’s Linkage to International Trade." International Journal of Economics and Finance 8, no. 3 (February 26, 2016): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v8n3p165.

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Developed countries proposed to link labor standard up to the international trade, which was based on profound economic and social foundation. On this issue, there is a fundamental difference between developed and developing countries: the developed countries think that the low labor standards in the developing countries are a reflection of social dumping, while the developing countries consider labor standard’s linkage to the international trade as an embodiment of trade protectionism in developed countries. Nevertheless, the developed countries still take various measures to promote labor st

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