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1
Cui, Shuling. "Structure and dyeing properties of jade fibre." Pigment & Resin Technology 43, no. 3 (April 29, 2014): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-08-2013-0071.
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Purpose – Based on clarifying the structural difference between jade fibre and general polyester fibre, this paper aims to study the dyeing properties and dyeing adsorption mechanism of jade fibre with disperse dye and cationic dye. Design/methodology/approach – The chemical structure and microstructure of jade fibre were briefly explained comparing with ordinary polyester fibre. The dyeing rate curve and dyeing adsorption isotherm of disperse dyes and cationic dyes on jade fibre were, respectively, studied. The dyeing uptake, dyeing absorption mechanism, and the main dyeing process parameters were proposed. Findings – Jade fibre can be dyed with cationic dye and disperse dye. The suitable exhaust dyeing process is 110°C and 40 minutes for disperse dye, 100°C and 60 minutes for cationic dye. The dyeing uptake on jade fibre with both disperse dyes or cationic dyes is much higher than that on general polyester fibre and acrylic fibre, and the dyeing adsorption mechanism belongs to the combination of Langmuir and Nernst adsorption for disperse dyes and Langmuir adsorption for cationic dyes. Comparing with ordinary polyester fibre, jade fibre has the advantage of low temperature dyeing and reduced effluent, as is significant to energy-saving and emission reduction. Originality/value – Jade fibre is a new type of modified polyester fibre with the function of health protection and energy conservation. There are little technical data in the literature at present about the dyeing property of jade fibre.
2
Atav, Riza, Elçin Güneş, Deniz İzlen Çifçi, and Yalçın Güneş. "Comparison of Wool Fabric Dyeing with Natural and Synthetic Dyes in View of Ecology and Treatability." AATCC Journal of Research 7, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.7.6.3.
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The aim of this study was to compare the fastness properties and wastewater quality in obtaining the same color on 100% woven wool fabric with natural (madder) and synthetic (1:1 metal complex) dyes. The same color, with similar wet fastness properties, was obtained on the wool fabric when dyed with either dye. On the other hand, conductivity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) content of dyeings carried out with the synthetic dye mixture were considerably higher than dyeing with madder root extract, and its pH was more acidic. However, the amount of volatile suspended solids and color obtained in natural dyeing was higher than the amount in the synthetic dyeing wastewater.
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VERMA, MONA, SAROJ S. JEET SINGH, and NEELAM M. ROSE. "OPTIMIZATION OF REACTIVE DYEING PROCESS FOR CHITOSAN TREATED COTTON FABRIC." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 56, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2022): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2022.56.16.
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The colour of textiles plays an important role in the marketability of fabrics, due to its psychological and eye-catching effects on consumers. Synthetic dyes are widely used in the textiles industry due to their ability to reproduce different colours and shades, easy application method and huge production to fulfill the demands of ever-increasing population. Reactive dyes are most commonly used for cotton fabric, due to their brilliant colours and good washing fastness. However, the major problem with reactive dyes is that they consume huge amounts of alkali or salts as mordant for the fixation of dyes on cotton fabric. Most of the commercial dyeing units and textile export houses have started seeking possibilities to use safe synthetic dyes for dyeing different textiles for targeting the niche market. For that purpose, appropriate standardized scientific dyeing techniques and procedures need to be adopted. In the present study, the use of chitosan as mordant, instead of alkali or salt, was investigated for dyeing cotton fabric with reactive red dye, and the dyeing variables were optimized to attain the maximum colour strength value. The results of study showed that higher percent dye absorption (78.90%), colour strength (18.72) and good wash fastness rating (4/5) were achieved for the chitosan treated dyed fabric, compared to the alkali treated dyed sample (68.36% and 13.03, respectively).
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Shimo, Salima Sultana, and Md Zulhash Uddin. "Energy Level and Chemical Class of Disperse Dyes—Plausible Characteristics of Level Dyeing Performance." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.4.3.
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The level dyeing index (LDI) is a measure of dye performance influenced by the dye migration process, ensuring the maximum uniformity of dye redistribution onto the fabric surface. The current study evaluates the level dyeing performance on polyester according to the energy level (low and high) and chemical classes (azo and anthraquinone based) of the three disperse dyes studied. The best levelness was obtained using C.I. Disperse Red 73 (an azo-based, low-energy level disperse dye), which exhibited the highest migration index (MI%) value. LDI results were obtained from the ratio of the exhaustion at the critical dyeing temperature (ECDT% and the final exhaustion Ef%), and the migration index (MI%). Each dye's LDI can be used to determine the compatibility of disperse dyes for combination dyeing.
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Cheng, Yu-Wen, Jean-Sebastien Benas, Fang-Cheng Liang, Shang-Ming Lin, Ting-Wang Sun, Fu-Chieh Liu, Yang-Yen Yu, and Chi-Ching Kuo. "Synthesis of Azo Disperse Dyes with High Absorption for Efficient Polyethylene Terephthalate Dyeing Performances in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide." Polymers 14, no. 15 (July 26, 2022): 3020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14153020.
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Supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing (SCDD) not only enables strong dyeing performance for a versatile range of polymer material but is also regarded as a green chemical media due to its low environmental impact as well as low risk of product denaturation. Over the decades, azo disperse dyes have been revealed to be efficient dyes and represent the wide majority of dyeing material. Azo dyes possess a wide variety of functional groups to optimize dye synthesis and tune the light absorption properties. Using SCDD, end-chain of different lengths, and functional group exhibiting various electronic affinity, six disperse red azo dyes were synthesized to investigate dyeing performances as woven fabric type, color strain, and color fastness after dyeing are discussed. Dye structure synthesized through a coupling reaction was confirmed by 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. We found that the light absorption wavelength and absorption coefficient value variation are associated to the nature of the functional group. From the color strength values of the polyethylene terephthalate woven after dyeing, we find that the fiber host and dye dopant chemical structure greatly influence the dyeing process by providing enhanced woven, color strain, and color fastness. In comparison with commercial products, our approach not only improves the dyeing process but also guarantees a strong resistance of the dyed product against water, detergent, perspiration, abrasion, and friction.
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Pawar, Ashitosh B., Kaustubh C. Patankar, Pallavi Madiwale, and Ravindra Adivarekar. "Application of chemically modified waste Allium cepa skin for one bath dyeing of polyester/wool blend fabric." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 6 (November 4, 2019): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2018-0118.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the one bath dyeing method for polyester/wool (PES/Wo) blend fabric with two different semi-synthetic azo dyes developed by chemically modifying the outer skin of Allium cepa. Design/Methodology/Approach Chemical modification is the most heartening way to impart improved properties to natural sources. Two different primary amines were coupled with the Allium cepa skin extract by a diazo coupling reaction. Synthesised dyes were characterized for their percentage yield, solubility tests, melting point, particle size analysis as well as FTIR spectroscopy and UV-Visible analysis. One bath dyeing methodology was used for application of synthesized dyes on PES/Wo blend fabric. Dyeing was performed at boil without any additional auxiliary and further percentage dye exhaustion was evaluated. Findings Dyeing yielded solid shade on PES/Wo blend fabric with satisfactory levelness in dyeing. The efficacy of synthesized dyes for dyeing of PES/Wo fabric was studied by wash, rub, light and sublimation fastness properties, which are in good agreement with commercial requirements. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized dyes shows excellent activity in dye powder form (AATCC 147 test method) as well as on dyed fabrics (AATCC 100 test method). Originality/Value Present research work is a first successful attempt to dye PES/Wo blend fabric with semi-synthetic azo dyes in single bath at boil. Such approach facilitates minimum consumption of energy, cost and time.
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Gaffer, Hatem, Hamada Mashaly, Shaymaa Hassan Abdel-Rhman, and Mamdouh Hammouda. "Synthesis of novel dyes based on curcumin for the creation of antibacterial silk fabrics." Pigment & Resin Technology 46, no. 6 (November 6, 2017): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2016-0112.
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Purpose The study reported in this paper aims to synthesize some new curcumin containing sulphadiazine and sulphathiazole dyestuffs and study their application in dyeing silk fabrics rendering the dyed fabric antibacterial. Design/methodology/approach Simultaneous dyeing and antibacterial finishing for silk fabric using a new antibacterial acid dye having a modified chemical structure to curcumin were conducted. This modification of curcumin dye was carried out by introducing sulphonamide containing heterocyclic rings sulphadiazine and sulfathiazole through coupling with curcumin. All newly synthesized dyes were characterized by elemental analyses and spectral data (IR, 1H-NMR and MS). The dyeing characteristics of these dyestuffs were evaluated at optimum conditions. Antibacterial activities of the dyed samples at different concentrations of both dyes were studied against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Salmonella typhimurium) bacteria. Findings The synthesized curcumin-containing sulphonamide dyes were applied on silk fabrics. The modified dyes exhibited good fastness properties compared to curcumin dye at optimum conditions. It was found that synthesized dyes exhibit good fastness and antibacterial properties efficient against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The dyed silk fabrics showed higher antibacterial efficacy after many times of washing. Originality/value Curcumin, a common natural dye used for fabric and food colouration, was used as an antimicrobial finish due to its bactericidal properties on dyed textiles. A common dyeing process could provide textiles with colour as well as antimicrobial properties. Novel antibacterial dyestuff containing curcumin moieties with sulphonamide coupler components were shown to be an interesting natural colorant for silk with high antimicrobial ability of the dyed silk fabrics. This work has afforded a new acid dye that can be used in medical textile.
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Maradiya, Hari, and Vithal Patel. "Dyeing of hydrophobic fabrics with disperse dyes." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 66, no. 6 (2001): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0106367m.
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A series of disperse dyes has been synthesized by diazotisation of 2,6-dibromo-4-nitroaniline and coupled with various N-arylmaleimides. The dyes were characterized by IR spectral studies, visible absorption spectroscopy and elemental analysis. All the dyes were applied as disperse dyes on nylon, cellulose triacetate and polyester fabrics. These dyeswere found to give yellowish orange to deep brown shades with very good depth, levelness and brightness on different fabrics. The percentage dye bath exhaustion and fixation on fabrics were found to be very good. The light, washing, rubbing, perspiration and sublimation fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were found to be good to excellent.
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Li, Guanggen. "Extraction and Dyeing Techniques of Traditional Vegetable Dyestuffs." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022 (July 9, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4173886.
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In order to explore the influencing factors of the extraction of vegetable dyes, a research method for the extraction and dyeing of traditional vegetable dyes was proposed. In this paper, the effects of extraction temperature, extraction time, and the ratio of solid to liquid on the extraction effect were discussed through orthogonal experiments. The dyeing process of silk extract was used in this study. The silk fabric was directly dyed with natural dye from peach leaves, compared with the three dyeing methods of premordant, same-bath mordant, and postmordant, and the color fastness to soaping of the dyed fabric was tested. The results show that the color fastness to soaping of leaf-dyed fabrics conforms to the national standard of superior grades, which effectively proves the correctness of the algorithm and model nature and superiority.
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PAKHOLIUK, OLENA, IRINA MARTIROSYAN, VIRA LUBENETS, and OKSANA PEREDRII. "INFLUENCE OF “COLD” DYEING TECHNOLOGY ON FABRIC CHARACTERISTICS." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 55, no. 7-8 (August 30, 2021): 911–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2021.55.77.
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"The current work presents a comparative analysis of the colour fastness against repeated washing of cellulose-containing fabrics dyed by “cold” and classical technologies, using different types of active dyes, at various concentrations in the dye bath. Mathematical models have been proposed to describe the determined dependencies. The study uses Reakol dyes – a trademark of bifunctional active dyes manufactured by Khimtex (Kherson), which can be used for “cold” resource-saving dying technologies. The studied active dyes are characterized by a wide colour spectrum, good solubility, colour purity and high resistance of colours to wet treatments. The study has found that increasing the concentration of Reakol dyes in the dye bath, from 10 to 30 g/L, as a rule, had no significant influence on the colour fastness of fabrics to repeated washing. However, the colour intensity on the fibre significantly rose when increasing the dye concentration in the dye bath. It was determined that, when using the “cold” dyeing technology, sweeping changes in the general colour contrast and residual concentration of the dye on the fibre occurred after the first 5 washes. The changes in these indicators somewhat stabilized after the following 10-20 washes. However, a proportional relationship between the variation in the general colour contrast and a decrease in the dye colour intensity on the fibre after the corresponding number of washes of the studied fabrics was not detected. "
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Huang, Jingming, Hongjuan Zhang, Liujun Pei, and Jiping Wang. "Relationship between Structure and Dyeing Properties of Disperse Dyes in D5 Medium." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 2_suppl (December 2021): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.s2.12.
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In this paper, two disperse dyes with different substituents were selected to dye polyester fabrics in decmethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) medium. The structures and dyeing performance of the two dyes were studied and compared. The results showed that dyes with lower solubility in D5 medium had higher dyeing rates. DFT calculations showed that large steric hindrance of cyano groups on diazo components contributed to improving the dyeing rate. This was due to the generation of more monomolecular dyes by destroying π-π stacking interactions. These results provide theoretical guidance for improving the exhaustion and further promote the industrial development of disperse dye in a D5 dyeing system.
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Dehnavi, E., A. Shams-Nateri, and H. Khalili. "Wool dyeing with binary mixture of natural dyes." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-06-2014-0045.
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Purpose – This paper aims to focus on the absorption behaviour of single and binary mixtures of natural dyes on wool. Natural dyes are multi-components with different structures and properties. Design/methodology/approach – In this research, the absorption behaviour of single and binary mixtures of natural dyes was investigated on wool fibre. Study was conducted via some natural dyes, including pomegranate peel as a yellow natural dye with tannin, weld as a yellow natural dye without tannin and madder as a red natural dye without tannin. Applied mordant was alum, which was used in the pre-mordant method. Different shades were obtained by varying dye concentration in the binary mixture. The effect of tannin on absorption behaviour of binary mixture of natural dyes was investigated by spectral reflectance and colour parameters of dyed samples measurements. Findings – Obtained results indicate that tannin affects the absorption behaviour of natural dyes in binary mixtures. Practical implications – Because natural dyes are multi-components with different structure and properties, the study of compatibility and absorption behaviour of natural dyes in binary mixture on wool is important in applied researches. Originality/value – The study of compatibility and absorption behaviour of binary mixture of natural dyes on wool is novel.
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Al-Soliemy, Amerah, and Fatimah Al-Zahrani. "Synthesis of novel disperse dyes based on curcumin for the creation of antibacterial polyester fabrics." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 6 (November 4, 2019): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-10-2018-0112.
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Purpose This study aims to synthesize some new curcumin containing Aroyl derivatives dyestuffs and study their application in dyeing polyester fabrics, rendering to their antibacterial evaluation. Design/methodology/approach Modification of curcumin dye was carried out by introducing benzoyl rings through coupling with curcumin. All newly synthesized dyes were characterized by elemental analyses and spectral data (IR, 1 H-NMR and MS). Moreover, the optimal dyeing condition was assigned. Antibacterial activities of the dyed samples at different concentrations of both dyes were studied against gram positive (Staph aureus) and gram-negative (Salmonellatyphimurium) bacteria. Findings Synthesized curcumin containing benzoyl dyes were applied on polyester fabrics. Meanwhile, these synthesized dyes showed reasonable results towards fastness properties at optimal conditions matching the curcumin dye. In addition to their good fastness assets, synthesized dyes displayed antibacterial efficacy towards both gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. The dyed polyester fabrics showed higher antibacterial efficacy after multiple events of washing. Research limitations/implications The synthesized benzoyl containing curcumin moiety was not described before. Practical implications Disperse dyes derived from curcumin were prepared via coupling of various diazonium salts of p-aminobenzaldhyde, p-aminoacetopheneone, p-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminobenzoyl chloride with curcumin. The resulting disperse dyes were applied on polyester fabrics at optimal conditions, and antibacterial efficacy of dyed fabrics were evaluated. Originality/value Curcumin being was used in food colouration and was effective for dyeing and antimicrobial finishing on textile fabrics. Novel antibacterial dyestuff containing curcumin moieties with benzoyl amine coupling components showed interesting colourant for polyester fabrics. This work introduced innovative disperse dyes for medical textile applications.
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Islam, Md Touhidul, Tarekul Islam, Tarikul Islam, and Md Reazuddin Repon. "Synthetic Dyes for Textile Colouration: Process, Factors and Environmental Impact." Textile & Leather Review 5 (August 8, 2022): 327–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31881/tlr.2022.27.
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Dyes are substances that enhance the appearance of finished goods by providing uniform colour. Dyeing is the application process of dyes that are fixed in textile fibers. The dyeing process uses various steps, including pre-treatment, desizing, scouring, bleaching, carbonizing, degumming, and mercerization. Water is considered the primary medium for applying dyes and other chemicals for this treatment in the dyeing process. The dyeing process contains many toxic chemicals, metals and non-soluble substances, such as wastewater, which is thrown into the environment. It is noted that, during dyeing , around 50-300 liters of water is required for 1 kg of fiber. On the other hand, 1-2 million liters of water are needed every day for 50,000 meters of daily production. This massive amount of toxic wastewater is highly harmful to the environment, human health, aquatic system, soil, air, water, plants, and animals. This review paper states various dyeing processes with different dyes, including acid dye, direct dye, sulfur dye, reactive dye, vat dye, metal complex dye, azo dye, disperse dye, and basic dye. In contrast, it also describes the influencing factors of dyeing processes and methods. Moreover, this review demonstrates the impacts of textile dyes on the environment (water, soil, air emissions, human health) and illustrates possible remedial actions regarding wastewater.
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Penthala, Raju, Rangaraju Satish Kumar, Hyorim Kim, Gisu Heo, and Young-A. Son. "Synthesis, Generic Dyeing of Nindigo Derivatives on Unmodified Polypropylene; First Time Application in Dyeing Technology." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 7105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16643.
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Hydrophobic nindigo dyes were designed and successfully synthesized from indigo by reacting with substituted anilines in a simple route. Four nindigo dyes were fruitfully analyzed by 1H NMR 13C NMR, electronic and mass spectrometry. Here, we have firstly introduced these nindigo dyes into dyeing area for the dyeing of unmodified polypropylene fiber in aqueous medium. Dyeing experiments has been performed by using didodecyldimethylammonium bromide dispersing agent to make dye-dispersant complex for enhancing the dispersion of dyes. All the dyes were displayed profound blue color hue on polypropylene. The dyeing efficiency and dye fixation order of the nindigo dyes are 3d > 3c ≥ 3b > 3a. Compound 3d having higher the hydrophobic character (logP ═ 7.04), so greater the dye ability on the polypropylene fiber and exhibiting deep coloration.
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Tang, Wencheng, Liujun Pei, Hongjuan Zhang, Lei Zhu, and Jiping Wang. "Effect of Pretreatments on Wettability and Dyeing Property of Cotton Fibers in an Environmentally Friendly Dyeing System." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 5 (September 1, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.5.1.
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To investigate the influence of cotton wettability on its dyeing properties in a silicone non-aqueous dyeing system, alkali pretreatment was performed before dyeing. The dyeing properties and dyeing kinetics of reactive dyes in the non-aqueous system and a conventional dyeing system were compared. Alkali pretreatment significantly improved the wettability of cotton fiber by removing wax and pectin. The adsorption rate of dye increased with increased cotton fiber wettability using the non-aqueous system, while it barely changed using the conventional system. Pseudo-second-order kinetics fit well with dye adsorption for both systems. Dye fixation improved by 30% at a concentration of 2% owf, along with better levelness and color depth of the dyed cotton fiber, using the silicone non-aqueous system without salts and dispersants.
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Gao, Aiqin, Hongjuan Zhang, and Kongliang Xie. "Synthesis of a novel tetrakisazo navy-blue reactive dye based on DSD acid and its synergistic blackening property." Pigment & Resin Technology 44, no. 6 (November 2, 2015): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-10-2014-0095.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to synthesise a tetrakisazo reactive dye and to characterise its dyeing property to meet the demand for better black reactive dyes. Design/methodology/approach – The novel tetrakisazo navy-blue reactive dye based on 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid was designed and synthesized. The dyeing behaviour of it on cotton fabric was discussed. The synergistic blackening effect and absorbance spectra were investigated by absorbance and reflectance spectra, K/S and colorimetric data. Findings – The exhaustion and fixation of the designed reactive dye were higher than 20 per cent than those of the commercial reactive dye, CI Reactive Black 5. The novel reactive dye has complementary with Reactive Red SPB and Reactive Yellow C-5R in absorbance spectra from 360 to 700 nm. Three reactive dyes had synergistic effect in colour deepening properties. The dyed cotton fabric possessed high K/S value and low reflectance in the whole visual spectrum range from 360 to 700 nm. Practical implications – Comparison with the commercial Reactive Black DN-RN, the blackness of the dyed fabrics with the mixture dyes was greatly improved and the fastness properties on cotton fabrics were also good. Originality/value – The paper is an original research work. Because the mixture dyes had better blackness and good fastness properties, it would have wide application in the dyeing of cotton fabric.
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Cui, Shuling, and Chunxiao Dou. "Dyeing properties of PSA/MPIA blended yarn." Pigment & Resin Technology 43, no. 5 (August 26, 2014): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-12-2013-0117.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to study the dyeing properties of polysulphonamide (PSA)/aramid 1313 (MPIA) blended yarn by selecting suitable dyes and carriers required in the dyeing process. Design/methodology/approach – Dyeing the blended yarn with cationic dyes, acid dyes, disperse dyes, reactive dyes and pigment, and comparing the shades, K/S values and fastness of the blended yarns. Findings – The PSA/MPIA blended fibre is suitable for dyeing with the cationic dye at high temperature and pressure in the presence of carrier acetophenone, and good homochromatism is seen on the two fibres when using same type of dye. Originality/value – PSA fibre is a thermo-resistant and flame-retardant product made in China in recent years. Blended with aramid 1313 fibre, it may acquire good spinnability. But there is little technical report about properties of the blended yarn in the literature at present. This paper reports the dyeing property of such fibres for the first time.
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Pei, Liujun, Nan Jiang, and Jiping Wang. "Dyeing Properties of Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabric in the Silicone Non-Aqueous Dyeing System." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 2_suppl (December 2021): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.s2.2.
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Polyester/cotton blended fabrics have been extensively used in the textile industry. However, the dyeing process of polyester/ cotton blended fabrics is complex, and a large amount of water is consumed. To increase the dye uptake and dye fixation ratio, and reduce wastewater effluents, the dyeing performance of polyester/cotton blended fabric was studied in one bath and two steps using the silicone non-aqueous dyeing system. When dyeing 1 kg of polyester/cotton blended fabric, only 1.17 kg of water was consumed, and no wastewater was discharged after dyeing. The washing fastness, staining fastness, and dry and wet rubbing fastness of dyed fabric can reach high levels. The dyeing performance of two disperse dyes on the cotton and polyester components in the blended fabric was also studied.
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Ilic, Vesna, Zoran Saponjic, Vesna Vodnik, Darka Mihailovic, Petar Jovancic, Jovan Nedeljkovic, and Maja Radetic. "A study of the antibacterial efficiency and coloration of dyed polyamide and polyester fabrics modified with colloidal Ag nanoparticles." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 74, no. 3 (2009): 349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0903349i.
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In this study, the influence of dyeing on the antibacterial efficiency of polyamide and polyester fabrics loaded with colloidal Ag nanoparticles and the influence of the presence of Ag nanoparticles on the color change of dyed fabrics were investigated. Dyes C.I. acid green 25 and C.I. disperse blue 3 were used for dyeing of polyamide fabrics, while dye C.I. disperse violet 8 was used for dyeing of polyester fabrics. The influence of Ag nanoparticles on the color change of polyamide fabrics depends on the dye type, but generally it was lower compared to polyester fabrics. Polyester fabrics exhibited excellent antibacterial efficiency against Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, independent of the order of dyeing and Ag loading. Polyamide fabrics provided a desirable level of antibacterial activity only if the Ag loading was performed after dyeing.
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Lagvilava, Irma, Tea Matitaishvili, Ia Iardalashvili, and Elizbar Elizbarashvili. "A one-pot synthesis of some novel tetrakisazo disperse dyes bearing twenty-membered macrocyclic poly(azomethine)." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 74, no. 3 (2009): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2008064.
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Multiple-chromophore-containing dyes have been synthesized by azo coupling of twenty-membered poly(azomethine) dye 1 and 3-nitro- (2a) or 2,4-dinitrobenzene-1-diazonium tetrafluoroborate (2b) in solvents of various polarity (water, chloroform) in the presence or absence of dibenzo-18-crown-6 as phase transfer catalyst. The dyeing ability of the dyes was investigated as well as spectral and kinetic study of azo coupling was performed. The obtained disperse dyes are suitable for dyeing Nylon and polyester fibers from light reddish-brown to dark brown colors with good uniformity of dyeing as well as light, washing and sublimation fastness.
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Maradiya, Harir. "Monoazo disperse dyes based on 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 67, no. 11 (2002): 709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0211709m.
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A series of monoazo disperse dyes based on 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole was prepared by coupling with various N-arylmaleimides. The dyeing performance of these dyes was assessed on nylon fabric. The dyes were found to give yellow to brown colour shades on dyeing with good depth and levelness on nylon fabric. The dyebath exhaustion fixation and fastness properties of the dyes were also determined. The dyed fabric showed moderate to good light fastness and very good to excellent fastness to washing, rubbing, perspiration and sublimation. The IR and visible range spectral properties of the dyes were also determined.
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Cheng, Yu-Wen, Jean-Sebastien Benas, Fang-Cheng Liang, Shang-Ming Lin, Yu-Hang Huang, Wei-Wen Chen, Yu-Ting Chen, Chen-Hung Lee, Yang-Yen Yu, and Chi-Ching Kuo. "Red Disperse Azo Dye Side Chains Influence on Polyethylene Terephthalate Dyeing Performances in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Media." Polymers 14, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 5487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14245487.
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Supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing (SDD) as a dyeing media not only provides a friendly dyeing environment but also significantly increases polymeric dyeing performances ascribed to strong azo dye affinity. Disperse azo dyes have shown to be highly efficient dyeing agents due to their facile coupling synthesis, side chains position, and length tunability to optimize absorption properties. Herein, we first synthesize two series of disperse red azo dyes via a coupling chemical route. Further, we investigate the position of the electron withdrawing group and alkyl chains length impact onto the absorption and color fastness properties. Upon synthesis, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy were used to characterize our newly synthesized series dye structure. Also, according to spectroscopic characterization, the functional group positions as well as the alkyl chains length have a major impact on the dye series maximum light absorption wavelength and performance. We have performed SDD dyeing of polyethylene terephthalate woven and determined each dye color fastness, we find that a reduced electron withdrawing effect and alkyl chains increase reduce color-fastness performances. Overall, our dyes exhibited a good resistance against detergent water, perspiration, abrasion, and friction.
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Patel, Hitendra. "Synthesis, characterization and dyeing behavior of heterocyclic acid dyes and mordent acid dyes on wool and silk fabrics." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 77, no. 11 (2012): 1551–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc120110047p.
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Novel heterocyclic acid and mordent acid dyes were synthesized by the coupling of diazonium salt solution of different aromatic amines with 2- butyl-3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzofuran. The resulting heterocyclic acid dyes were characterized by spectral techniques, i.e., elemental analysis, IR, 1HNMR, 13C-NMR spectral studies and UV- visible spectroscopy. The dyeing performance of all the heterocyclic acid dyes was evaluated on wool and silk fabrics. The dyeing of chrome pre treated wool and silk fabrics showed better hues on mordented fabrics. Dyeing of wool and silk fabrics resulted in pinkish blue to red shades with very good depth and levelness. The dyed fabrics showed excellent to very good light, washing, perspiration, sublimation and rubbing fastness.
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Ali, NF, EM El-Khatib, and Fatma A. Bassyouni. "Utilization and characterization of natural products pretreatment and dyeing wool fabric by natural dyes with economical methods." Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology 8, no. 6 (November 9, 2022): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jteft.2022.08.00319.
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Natural dyes are eco- friendly and they used in dyeing textile fabrics. This requires recent researches for application of natural dyes to obtain smart textile fabrics. Natural dyes extracted from plants, insects and microorganisms, they help to reduce health hazards and pollution to the environment and extend the sustainable use in textile. This review interested in using green chemistry application in dyeing textile fabrics with economic methods. It is also interested in application of nanotechnology in pre-treatment of wool fabric and dyeing with natural dyes. There is a great demand for antimicrobial textiles based on non-toxic and eco-friendly bioactive compounds. Consequently the review aimed to use natural compounds for treatment of textile fabrics before dyeing with natural dyes to enhance dyeing quality and antimicrobial activity.
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Iqbal, Kashif, Amjed Javid, Abdur Rehman, Aisha Rehman, Munir Ashraf, and Hafiz Affan Abid. "Single bath dyeing of modified nylon/cotton blended fabrics using direct/acid dyes." Pigment & Resin Technology 49, no. 3 (January 2, 2020): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-09-2019-0084.
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Purpose This study aims to deal with the dyeing of nylon-/cotton-blended fabric in one bath using direct and acid dyes. Design/methodology/approach The cellulose in cotton/nylon-blended fabric was chemically modified using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl tri-methyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) as cationizing agent to impart positive charge on the cellulose. The modified and unmodified blended fabrics were dyed in a single bath with direct and acid dyes under various concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 per cent on the weight of fabric by exhaust method. The dyeing of modified and unmodified fabrics was characterized through the properties such as K/S and colorfastness to washing, rubbing and light. Findings The modified fabric exhibited higher color yield, comparable rubbing fastness and good washing fastness. Originality/value The dye uptake was maximum in a single-bath dyeing process of nylon-/cotton-blended fabrics without electrolyte addition, which minimizes the impact of dyes on environment.
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Al-Etaibi, Alya M., and Morsy Ahmed El-Apasery. "Facile Synthesis of Novel Disperse Dyes for Dyeing Polyester Fabrics: Demonstrating Their Potential Biological Activities." Polymers 14, no. 19 (September 22, 2022): 3966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14193966.
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Original work showed the composition of the dyes and the antimicrobial/UV protective properties of a series of dyes obtained in our laboratories over the past twelve years in an easy way using microwave technology and their comparisons with conventional methods. The results we obtained clearly indicated that by using the microwave strategy, we were able to synthesize the new disperse dyes in minutes and with a much higher productivity when compared to the traditional methods, which took a much longer time, sometimes up to hours. We also introduced ultrasonic technology in dyeing polyester fabrics at 80 °C for an environmentally friendly approach, which was an alternative to traditional dyeing methods at 100 °C; we obtained a much higher color depth than traditional dyeing methods reaching 102.9%. We presented both the biological activity of the prepared new dyes and the fastness properties and clearly indicated that these dyes possess biological activity and high fastness properties.We presented through the results that when dyeing polyester fabrics with some selected disperse dyes, the color strength of polyester fabrics dyed at high temperatures was greater than the color strength of polyester fabrics dyed at low temperatures by 144%, 186%, 265% and 309%. Finally, we presented that a ZnO or TiO2 NPs post-dyeing treatment of polyester fabrics is promising strategy for producing polyester fabrics possess multifunction like self-cleaning property, high light fastness, antimicrobial and anti-ultraviolet properties.
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Seemork, K., J. Setthayanond, P. Suwanruji, and P. Tooptompong. "Optimization of Salt-Free Reactive Dyeing Process for Cotton with Coconut Oil/Water Dual-Phase Dyeing System." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 9 (2021): 2099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23300.
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In this study, the coconut oil/water dual-phase dyeing system for developing salt-free reactive dyeing process for cotton was established. The selected dyes in this work were hot-dyeing reactive dyes, including C.I. Reactive Red 243, C.I. Reactive Blue 214 and C.I. Reactive Orange 70. A dual-phase dyeing system was performed under various coconut oil to water ratios and a comparative study was conducted on the conventional aqueous-based reactive dyeing in the presence and absence of salt. The results showed that the oil to water ratio of 3:1 imparted the highest colour yields (K/S values) and achieved a superior colour yield to the conventional aqueous-based dyeing. The results also pointed out that better dye fixation could be attained by dyeing cotton with the coconut oil/water dual-phase dyeing process under the optimum conditions. A comparable degree of dye exhaustion was observed for the aqueous-based and the dual-phase dyeing processes, however, the dye fixation was higher for the dual-phase dyeing, indicating less dye hydrolysis in this dyeing system. Consequently, superior colour fastnesses to washing and rubbing were obtained, less dye staining was observed in the case of dual-phase dyeing. A study on reusability of the coconut oil recovered from the spent dyebath for another reactive dyeing cycle was also conducted. The oil from the spent dyebath was directly taken to use without any further purification as a dual-phase medium along with water and the obtained result indicated a reusability potential of coconut oil. From this research, it infers that cleaner reactive dyeing process with the coconut oil/water dual-phase system for cotton could be developed.
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Dixit, Bharat, Hitendra Patel, Ritu Dixit, and Dhirubhai Desai. "Synthesis, characterization and dyeing assessment of novel acid azo dyes and mordent acid azo dyes based on 2- hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone on wool and silk fabrics." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 75, no. 5 (2010): 605–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc090704039d.
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Novel acid mono azo and mordent acid mono azo dyes were synthesis by the coupling of diazonium salt solution of different aromatic amines with 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone. The resulting dyes were characterized by spectral techniques, i.e., elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR and UV-visible spectroscopy. The dyeing performance of all the dyes was evaluated on wool and silk fabrics. The dyeing of chrome pre-treated wool and silk fabrics showed better hues on mordented fabrics. Dyeing of wool and silk fabrics resulted in pinkish blue to red shades with very good depth and levelness. The dyed fabrics showed excellent to very good light, washing, perspiration, sublimation and rubbing fastness. The results of antibacterial studies of chrome pre-treated fabrics revealed that the toxicity of mordented dyes against E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhi, B. subtilis bacteria was fairly good.
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Tian, Guangguo, Rongrong Cui, Xiaorui Hu, and Yan Feng. "Antibacterial Property of Cotton Fabric Dyed with Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. Leaves." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 2_suppl (December 2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.s2.6.
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Vaccinium bracteatum Thumb. leaves have a variety of nutritional values and physiological functions, and are rich in useful resources. In this study, these leaves were used as a raw material to make vegetable dyes. Cotton fabric was then dyed with them by the direct staining method. Good dyeing effects and antibacterial properties of the resulting fabrics could be obtained using an optimized dyeing process. The antibacterial properties of the fabric were directly proportional to the dye uptake ( K/S value) of the fabric. To improve dyeing, mordant and chitosan were used separately to pretreat the cotton fabrics. The K/S value and antibacterial properties of the pretreated dyed cotton fabrics were improved after pretreatment.
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Qiu, Jingsi, and Yue Liu. "Preparation of Ultrafine Disperse Dyes Based on the Efficiency Balance of Grinding and Dyeing." Journal of Chemistry 2022 (November 18, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8254447.
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As dispersive dyes are nonionic dyes, the particle size and particle-size distribution will significantly affect the dyeing performance. In this study, the grinding conditions, the granularity of disperse dye, and the dyeing performance were combined to study their connection further and to get better grinding process parameters for monoazo-structure disperse dyes. Through experimental research on three factors, namely, grinding time, size of grinding media, and mass ratio of grinding media to dyes, the preferred results are as follows, which could be selected based on different grinding purposes in detail. The grinding media group is Φ1 mm/Φ0.1 mm (1 : 1 mass ratio) or Φ3 mm/Φ1 mm (1 : 1 mass ratio), the mass ratio of grinding media to dyes is 5 : 1 or 10 : 1, and the grinding time range is 2–5 h. These parameters can make the overall work of coarse dyes’ grinding and dyeing more efficient, avoiding the waste of cost and the increase in workload.
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Shams Nateri, A., E. Dehnavi, A. Hajipour, and E. Ekrami. "Dyeing of polyamide fibre with cochineal natural dye." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-05-2015-0043.
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Purpose The aim of the paper was to study the effects of mordanting methods on the absorption behaviour of cochineal natural dye on polyamide fibres. Design/methodology/approach Iron sulphate and aluminium potassium sulphate salts were used as mordanting agents, and bottom mordanting, meta-mordanting and after mordanting methods were applied in the dyeing of polyamide samples with the cochineal natural dye. Colourimetric evaluations were carried out, and the principal component analysis was used to investigate the spectrophotometric properties of the dyed samples. Fastness properties of the dyed samples were also assessed. Findings The obtained results indicate that the method of mordanting has a great effect on the obtained shades, absorption behaviour and fastness properties. Based on the results, it was concluded that polyamide fabrics could be successfully dyed with cochineal and combination of dyeing with different mordanting methods, and different mordanting agents would develop the range of obtainable shades. Originality/value The textile and apparel industries have been widely criticised for their role in polluting the environment. So, the use of synthetic dyes has been limited and the use of natural dyes has increased. The literature survey indicates that there have been relatively few works investigating the dyeing of polyamide with cochineal natural dye. This research studies the effects of mordanting methods and mordant types on colourimetric and fastness properties of cochineal-dyed polyamide samples.
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Zeeshan Akhtar, Zeeshan Akhtar, Syed Imran Ali Syed Imran Ali, Syed Rizwan Ali Syed Rizwan Ali, Sadia Khan Sadia Khan, Feroz Alam Feroz Alam, and Naseem Abbas and Muhammad Yasir Khan Naseem Abbas and Muhammad Yasir Khan. "Synthesis, Characterization and Dyeing Assessment of Novel Acid Dyes on Wool Fabric IV." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, no. 4 (2019): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000766/jcsp/41.04.2019.
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We report synthesis and performance evaluation of a series of novel acid dyes based on diazotized substituted aryl amines and employing substituted naphthalene sulfonic acids as coupling component. The synthesized dyes were thoroughly characterized using UV-visible, IR, 1HNMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and negative MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis. The effectiveness of these dyes was evaluated by applying them on wool fabric using a standard exhaust dyeing procedure. The results for washing, light, perspiration and rubbing fastness of the dyed fabric demonstrate excellent fixation, binding strength and fastness properties which indicate that they are suitable for industrial wool dyeing operations.
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Zhao, Canxing, Rui Shi, Shouchun Li, Penghui Li, Xiaoxue Zhang, and Guolin Tong. "Synthesis and Properties of Novel Reactive Dyes Comprising Acyl Fluoride Group on Cotton Fabrics." Molecules 27, no. 13 (June 28, 2022): 4147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134147.
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Novel reactive dyes with mono- and bi-acyl fluoride reactive groups have been designed and synthesized, which are obtained by using 2-amino-8-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid or 1-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonicacid as the coupling component and 4-aminobenzoyl fluoride (PABF) as the diazo component. Their structures have been defined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and ultraviolet–visible spectra (UV—Vis). The novel reactive dyes were evaluated on cotton by using the exhaust dyeing method. The properties were examined in detail, and the results showed that the dye concentration of 4% (o.w.f), pH = 9, and salt-free was the most effective condition. The fixation of the novel reactive dyes on cotton was 60.27% and 64.13%, respectively. The micro-fluorine-containing reactive dyes have favorable dyeing properties owing to the covalent bond formed between the reactive group of dyes and the functional group of cotton fibers, which can achieve salt-free dyeing of cotton.
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Gaffer, Hatem E., and Ismail I. Althagafi. "Synthesis of new azobenzene dyes clubbed with thiazolidinone moiety and their applications." Pigment & Resin Technology 49, no. 3 (February 24, 2020): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2019-0022.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to synthesize some new azobenzene dyestuffs clubbed with thiazolidinone moiety and their solicitation in dyeing polyester fabrics representing their antibacterial evaluation. Design/methodology/approach Herein, the authors report the synthesis of new thiazolidinone moiety after the coupling of diazotized 4-aminoacetophenone with resorcinol. The newly synthesized dyes were characterized by IR, elemental analysis, mass spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectral studies. The characteristics of dyeing of these dyestuffs were evaluated at optimum conditions. Concurrent with dyeing of polyester fabric for synthesized dyes with their antibacterial activity was estimated. Antimicrobial activity of the dyed fabrics at different concentrations was evaluated against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Findings Synthesized azobenzene dyestuffs clubbed with thiazolidinone dyes were applied on polyester fabrics. It was remarked that the modified dyes exhibited better colourfastness properties. Furthermore, the synthesized dyes revealed antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Research limitations/implications The synthesized azobenzene dyes for polyester dyeing were not bore earlier. Practical implications The azobenzene dyes were accountable for giving improved colourfastness properties on polyester fabrics. Social implications The synthesized azobenzene derivatives are sensibly expensive and applicable dyes accompanied with good antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Originality/value A common process could be affording textiles of colour and antibacterial assets. The newly synthesized dyes containing thiazolidinone moieties with azobenzene coupler showed interesting disperse colourant for polyester with good antibacterial activity.
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Nakpathom, Monthon, Buppha Somboon, Nootsara Narumol, and Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit. "High temperature dyeing of PET fabric with natural colourants extracted from annatto seeds." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 2 (February 21, 2019): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-04-2018-0035.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of dyeing polyester (PET) fabric with natural dye extracted from annatto seeds using high temperature dyeing method. Design/methodology/approach PET fabric was dyed with annatto extract by varying dyeing parameters (temperature, time, pH and dye concentration) to determine the optimum dyeing conditions. The influences of KAl(SO4)2, FeSO4, gallnut mordants or a commercial UV absorber on colour yield and fastness properties were further studied. Findings Optimum results were obtained when the fabric was dyed at 130°C for 30 min in a dyebath containing 15 per cent (owf) annatto dye at pH 6. The dyed fabric had an orange shade and exhibited good to excellent wash, crock, perspiration fastness and fair light fastness. Further dyeing with mordants or UV absorber mostly resulted in lower colour yield and similar fastness properties. Research limitations/implications Although the light fastness was slightly improved to moderate level for the sample with UV absorber, a noticeable colour staining on cotton portion of multi-fibre fabric occurred when subjected to standard washing test. Compared to C.I. Disperse Orange 73, the annatto dye exhibited comparable colour fastness but had inferior light fastness when dyed at approximately the same colour strength. Originality/value Natural colourants from annatto seeds can be used to dye PET fabric at high temperature without mordants, yielding deep orange shade and satisfactory fastness properties. This study provides a promising application to reduce the environmental impact of synthetic dyes.
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Maradiya, Hari, and Vithal Patel. "Synthesis of monoazo disperse dyes based on 2-aminoheterocycles and their dyeing performance on nylon fabrics." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 65, no. 11 (2000): 773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0011773m.
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Novel monoazo disperse dyes based on various 2-aminoheterocycles were prepared using N-methyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)aniline as the coupling component. All the dyes were applied as disperse dyes on nylon fabric. These dyes have been found to give a wide range of colour shades with very good depth, brightness and levelness on nylon fabric. The visible absorption spectra, elemental analysis and Rf values were investigated. The percentage dye bath exhaustion on fabric was found to be very good. The dyed fabric showed very good to excellent fastness to light, washing, rubbing and perspiration. The sublimation fastness was found to be excellent.
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Smelcerovic, Miodrag, Dragan Djordjevic, and Mile Novakovic. "Textile dyeing by dyestuffs of natural origin." Chemical Industry 60, no. 5-6 (2006): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0606120s.
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The textile industry is one of the biggest industrial consumers of water especially dye houses which utilize synthetic dyes and other chemicals. Natural dyes are generally environmental friendly and have many advantages over synthetic dyes with respect to production and application. In recent years, there has been an interest in the application of these dyes due to their bio-degradability and higher compatibility with the environment. A review of previous work in the field of applying dyestuffs of natural source as possible textile dyes is given. From an ecological viewpoint, the substitution of chemical dyes by 'natural products' in textile dyeing may be feasible and may represent not only a strategy to reduce risks and pollutants, but also an opportunity for new markets and new businesses which can develop from the inclusion of ecology in trade policy.
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Cui, Hongyan, Wenjing Xie, Zhongjie Hua, Lihua Cao, Ziyi Xiong, Ying Tang, and Zhiqin Yuan. "Recent Advancements in Natural Plant Colorants Used for Hair Dye Applications: A Review." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 20, 2022): 8062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27228062.
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There is an on-going demand in recent years for safer and “greener” hair coloring agents with the global consumer awareness of the adverse effects of synthetic hair dyes. The belief in sustainability and health benefits has focused the attention of the scientific community towards natural colorants that serve to replace their synthetic toxic counterparts. This review article encompasses the historical applications of a vast array of natural plant hair dyes and summarizes the possible coloration mechanisms (direct dyeing and mordant dyeing). Current information on phytochemicals (quinones, tannins, flavonoids, indigo, curcuminoids and carotenoids) used for hair dyeing are summarized, including their botanical sources, color chemistry and biological/toxicological activities. A particular focus is given on research into new natural hair dye sources along with eco-friendly, robust and cost-effective technologies for their processing and applications, such as the synthetic biology approach for colorant production, encapsulation techniques for stabilization and the development of inorganic nanocarriers. In addition, innovative in vitro approaches for the toxicological assessments of natural hair dye cosmetics are highlighted.
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Haji, Aminoddin. "Plasma activation and chitosan attachment on cotton and wool for improvement of dyeability and fastness properties." Pigment & Resin Technology 49, no. 6 (April 29, 2020): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2020-0017.
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Purpose The dyeing of cellulosic and proteinous fibers with natural and synthetic colorants usually needs large amounts of metal salts to promote the dyeing procedure. To get rid of the necessity to use metal salts, plasma treatment and subsequent attachment of chitosan biopolymer were considered as green processes for surface functionalization of wool and cotton. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of oxygen plasma treatment and attachment of chitosan on the dyeability of wool and cotton fabrics using walnut and weld as model natural dyes, as well as C.I. reactive blue 50 and C.I. acid blue 92 as model synthetic dyes. Design/methodology/approach Wool and cotton fabrics were modified with oxygen plasma and coated with chitosan solution. The un-modified and modified samples were dyed with the above-mentioned dyes under constant conditions. The color strength, color coordinates and fastness properties of the dyed samples were determined and compared. Findings The results showed that oxygen plasma treatment could improve the dyeability and fastness properties of wool and cotton fibers when dyed with all of the above-mentioned dyes. Attachment of chitosan to the plasma-treated samples significantly improved the dyeability of wool and cotton fibers with walnut, acid and reactive dyes. The fastness properties of the dyed samples were enhanced by plasma treatment and chitosan coating. Originality/value This study uses plasma treatment as an environmentally friendly pre-treatment for attachment of chitosan on wool and cotton. This process improved the dyeing properties of both fibers. The use of metal salts in not needed for dyeing of wool and cotton according to the investigated process.
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Vankar, Padma S., Dhara Shukla, Samudrika Wijayapala, and Asish Kumar Samanta. "Innovative silk dyeing using enzyme and Rubia cordifolia extract at room temperature." Pigment & Resin Technology 46, no. 4 (July 3, 2017): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-06-2016-0065.
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Purpose Natural dyes are mostly used for dyeing of natural fibre textiles to improve their eco-friendly features. For successful commercial use of natural dyes, the appropriate and standardized dyeing techniques need to be adopted. Appropriate scientific techniques or procedures need to be derived from scientific studies on dyeing methods, dyeing process variables, dyeing kinetics and compatibility of selective natural dyes with minimal use of hazardous chemicals. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, different enzymes (protease, amylase, xylanase, pectinase, phytase) were used efficiently with Rubia dye by using simultaneous and two-step processes; both the processes were developed with an aim for conservation of time and energy, for the ease of industrial use. The highlights of the study are twofold: eco-friendly natural dyeing by using enzyme replacing metal mordant and room temperature dyeing, which is a completely new concept. Findings Experiments showed that enzymatic treatment can give good colour strength to silk fabric using Rubia as a dye source and has good potential for commercial dyeing. It is a non-toxic dye. Use of enzymes were a deliberate attempt to avoid metal mordanting in silk dyeing, as it would make textile dyeing eco-friendlier. The order of reactivity of enzymes in one-step process was found to be protease > phytase > xylanase > amylase > pectinase. Similarly, for two-step dyeing process, the order of reactivity of enzymes observed was protease > amylase > xylanase = pectinase > phytase. Protease enzyme was the best option in both the cases. Overall, it can be concluded that in the case of enzymatic treatment, the two-step process was better in terms of larger K/S values, colour coordinate values and dye adherence. Research limitations/implications A new domain of room temperature dyeing technique has been introduced. Originality/value In the present study, different enzymes (protease, amylase, xylanase, pectinase, phytase) were used efficiently with Rubia dye by using simultaneous and two-step processes; both the processes were developed with an aim for conservation of time and energy, for the ease of industrial use. The highlights of the research are twofold: eco-friendly natural dyeing by using enzyme replacing metal mordant and room temperature dyeing, which is a completely new concept. Overall, the ease of use for industrial application. Rubia dye from Sri Lanka has been used in conjunction with different enzymes to show that metal mordanting can be easily replaced by the use of eco-friendly and biodegradable enzymes. The most attractive feature of this study is the low-temperature dyeing at 30-40°C. For any dyeing house, this process can be easily adapted on jigger, winch or even in continuous padding machine. Good fastness properties and dye adherence have been the other highlights of this study.
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Li, Bing, Yongchun Dong, Zhizhong Ding, Yiming Xu, and Chi Zou. "Renovation and Reuse of Reactive Dyeing Effluent by a Novel Heterogeneous Fenton System Based on Metal Modified PTFE Fibrous Catalyst/H2O2." International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/169493.
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Cu-Fe bimetallic grafted polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fiber complexes were prepared and optimized as the novel heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for the degradation of reactive dyes under UV irradiation. Cotton fabrics were dyed with three reactive dyes, namely, Reactive Red 195, Reactive Yellow 145, and Reactive Blue 222, in tap fresh water using exhaustion process. The spent dyeing effluents were then collected and degraded with the optimized Cu-Fe bimetallic grafted PTFE fiber complex/H2O2system. The treated dyeing effluents were characterized and reused for the dyeing of cotton fabrics through the same process. The effect of reuse process number on quality of the dyed cotton fabrics was examined. The results indicated that the Cu-Fe bimetallic modified PTFE fiber complex with a Cu/Fe molar ratio of 2.87 was found to be the most effective fibrous catalyst, which enhanced complete decolorization of the treated dyeing effluents with H2O2in 4 h. However, the TOC removal for the treated dyeing effluents was below 80%. The dyeing quality was not affected for three successive cycles. The increase in residual TOC value influences fourth dyeing cycle. Further TOC reduction of the treated effluents is needed for its repeated reuse in more than three dyeing cycles.
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Ahmed, Hoda A., Mohamed A. El-Atawy, Fowzia S. Alamro, Nada S. Al-Kadhi, Omaima A. Alhaddad, and Alaa Z. Omar. "Mesomorphic, Computational Investigations and Dyeing Applications of Laterally Substituted Dyes." Molecules 27, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 8980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248980.
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Two groups of laterally substituted non-mesomorphic and liquid crystalline materials bearing monoazo group were prepared and investigated via experimental and theoretical techniques. The molecular structures of the designed dyes were evaluated by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Mesomorphic examinations for all synthesized dyes were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results revealed that, the thermal and optical properties of investigated compounds are mainly dependent on their molecular geometry. The optimized geometries of the azo derivatives and their electronic absorption of the dyes were carried out using the B3LYP/6-311G level of the DFT method. The azo dyes were measured for their dyeing performance on polyester fabrics. The dyed fabrics have excellent fastness properties with a color strength of 1.49–3.43 and an exhaustion rate of 82–64%. The chemical descriptor parameters of disperse azo dyes in gas phase were calculated and correlated with dyeing parameters.
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Patel, Vijay, Manish P. Patel, and Ranjan Patel. "Disperse dyes based on 2-methyl-3-[3’-amino-phthalimido]-4(3H)-quinazilinone." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 67, no. 11 (2002): 719–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0211719p.
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A series of new heterocyclic disperse dyes has been prepared by subsequent diazotization of 2-methyl-3-[3?-aminophthalimido]-4(3H)-quinazolinone and coupling with various mono- and di-N-substituted derivatives of aniline. All the disperse dyes were characterized by their percentage yield, melting point, UV-visible spectrum, elemental analysis, infrared spectrum and dyeing performance on nylon 66 and polyester fibres. The percentage dye bath exhaustion on different fibres was found to be reasonably good and acceptable. The dyed fibres showed fair to fairly good to good fastness to light and very good to excellent fastness to washing, rubbing, perspiration and sublimation.
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Patel, Vijay, Manish Patel, and Ranjan Patel. "Synthesis and application of novel heterocyclic dyes based on 11-amino-13H-acenaphtho[1,2-e]pyridazino[3,2-b]-quinazoline-13-one." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 67, no. 11 (2002): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0211727p.
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A new fused heterocyclic compound, 11-amino-13H-acenaphtho[1,2-e]pyridazino [3,2-b]quinazolin-13-one was synthesized and used to prepare a novel series of heterocyclic mono azo dyes by coupling with various naphthols. All the mono azo dyes were characterized by their melting point, elemental analysis, UV-visible spectrum, infrared spectrum and dyeing performance on nylon and polyester fibres. The percentage dye bath exhaustion on different fibres was found to be reasonably good and acceptable. The dyed fibres show fair to good fastness to light and very good to excellent fastness to washing, rubbing, perspiration and sublimation.
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S. Abdullahi, S., H. Musa, S. Habibu, A. H. Birniwa, and R. E. A. Mohammad. "Facile synthesis and dyeing performance of some disperse monomeric and polymeric dyes on nylon and polyester fabrics." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 35, no. 3 (January 31, 2022): 485–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.2.
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ABSTRACT. Monoazo disperse polymeric dyes consisting of polyarylazocarboxybenzene-formaldehyde (PACB-F) and polyarylazohydroxynaphthalene-formaldehyde (PAHN-F) were synthesized through diazotisation, coupling and polycondensation reactions in the presence of formaldehyde and aqueous oxalic acid. The structure of the as synthesised dyes was acquired using UV-visible absorption maxima and FT-IR spectroscopy and their color, yield, melting point, solubility, and viscosity determined via standard methods. UV-visible and FTIR results showed successful formation of the polymeric dyes due to shift of wavelength of maximum absorption (λmax) (420-470 nm, 460-510 nm) and new absorption peak at around (2800-2995 cm-1) for methylene bridge, respectively. The yield of the monomeric dyes was 67.1-85.7% and polymeric 45.1-59.3%, melting point was 104.1-131.2 oC, and 136.0-143.5 oC, respectively. They are soluble in acetone, ethanol, and methanol and insoluble in n-hexane and water. The dyeing process was achieved via high temperature and carrier dyeing techniques on nylon and polyester fibers. The dyeing characteristics of the synthesised dyes were analyzed in comparison with commercial disperse dyes (terasil brilliant violet and terasil scarlet brown). The dyeing produced a very attractive hue brown shades with good to excellent washing, light, hot pressing, and rubbing fastness.
 
 KEY WORDS: Carbocyclic, Dyeing activity, Monoazo, Monomeric, Polymeric
 
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2021, 35(3), 485-497.
 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v35i3.2
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Uddin, Md Koushic, Mustafizur Rahman, Shuva Bhattacharjee, Susmita Singh, and Shanjid Khan Mojlish. "Dyeing of Cotton Knit Fabric with Natural Dyes Extracted from Java Plum." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 6 (November 2021): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.6.5.
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Natural dyes extracted from natural sources are likely to be less harmful and more eco-friendly than synthetic dyes. In this study, cotton fabric was dyed with natural dyes extracted from Java plum fruit ( Syzygium cumini). Dyeing was accomplished with or without mordanting agents using simultaneous and post-mordanting methods. The color of the treated substrates was investigated in terms K/S and CIELAB values. In addition, the attenuation co-efficient and solubility in organic solvents of the extracted dyes were determined. The wash and rubbing fastness of the dyed fabrics were good to excellent. Deep shades were obtained by post mordanting method with ferrous sulfate, whereas alum treated fabrics produced brighter shades with excellent fastness. Java plum fruit is available in many countries and offers a possible substitute for synthetic dyes.
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Shams-Nateri, A., E. Dehnavi, and E. Zahedi. "PCA-spectroscopy study of common salt effect on solubility of direct dye." Pigment & Resin Technology 46, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2015-0108.
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Purpose This work aims to explain the effect of common salt on absorbance spectra and solubility of textile direct dyes, which is important in analysing and reusing wastewater of dyeing process. Design/methodology/approach Several textile dyes such as Direct red 243, Direct yellow 86 and Direct blue 201 solutions with and without NaCl salt were used to study the effect of common salt on solubility of textile direct dyes. Several methods such as derivative spectrophotometry, principal component analysis and colorimetric techniques were used to analyse the absorbance spectra of dye solution. Findings The obtained results indicate that the effect of common salt on absorbance spectra and solubility of textile direct dye depends on the chemical structure of dyes. The NaCl salt significantly affects the solubility of Direct red 243 (red dye) and Direct yellow 86 (yellow dye) which have Azo compounds containing four SO3 functional groups. But the NaCl salt does not change the solubility of Direct blue 201 (Blue dye) which has Azo compound containing two SO3 functional groups. Also, the NaCl salt decreases the accuracy of dye concentration prediction. Practical implications During reusing wastewater of dyeing process, the amount of dyes has been evaluated via absorbance spectra of dye solution. Originality/value This work explains the effect of common salt on solubility of textile direct dyes and the accuracy of dyes concentration prediction.
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Omeroglu, Sunay, Behcet Becerir, and Esra Karaca. "Dyeing and Some Fastness Properties of Novel Perlite-Containing Polyester Woven Fabrics." AATCC Journal of Research 9, no. 2 (March 2022): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/24723444221081456.
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This article is focused on the comparison of dyeing, and washing and light fastness properties of conventional and novel perlite-containing polyester woven fabrics via color measurements. All the production processes for the regular and perlite-containing polyester filament yarns were the same. The fabrics were dyed with three medium level energy disperse dyes of different hues in order to observe the shade change caused by the intrinsic yellowness of the perlite-containing fabric. Dyeing and fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were evaluated by their corresponding lightness (L*), chroma (C*), color strength (K/S), and color difference (ΔEab*) results. The perlite-containing fabrics showed similar dyeing and fastness characteristics when compared with the regular fabrics. The perlite-added fabrics were dyed in darker color but had lower chroma values than the regular ones. The perlite-added fabrics also had better fastness results than the regular fabrics when the evaluation was performed in the group itself. Intrinsic yellowness of perlite-added fabrics must be taken into account for any attempt to dye the fabric to a pre-designed shade.
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Botteri, Lea, Anja Miljković, and Martinia Ira Glogar. "Influence of Cotton Pre-Treatment on Dyeing with Onion and Pomegranate Peel Extracts." Molecules 27, no. 14 (July 16, 2022): 4547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144547.
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In this paper the possibility of applying natural dyes on cellulose fibres were researched with respect to the impact of cotton material pre-treatment (scouring, chemical bleaching, mercerization and mordanting), using renewable sources of natural dyes (waste as a source). As mordants, metal salts of copper, aluminium and ferrum were used, and the influence on colour change as well as on fastness properties were analysed. The natural dyes were extracted from onion peel (Allium cepa L.) and pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.). In spectrophotometric analysis performed of the plant extracts, the onion extract has peaks at 400 and 500 nm, resulting in red-orange colourations and the pomegranate extract shows a maximum at 400 nm, i.e., in the yellow region, which is characteristic of punicalin. Results show significant influence of cotton pre-treatments on colour appearance and fastness properties, caused by pre-treatments affecting the properties and structure of the cotton itself. The positive effect of mercerization on dye absorption and bonding is confirmed. For wash and light fastness properties, more satisfactory results have been obtained for yarns dyed with pomegranate peel natural dye, and the key importance of mordants for fastness properties has been confirmed.