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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "E vitamins and calcium-phosphorus compounds"
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Tarekné Tilistyák, Judit, Zoltán Cziáky, István Hegedüs, and Mohamed Tarek. "Bioactive constituents and shelf-life of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves." Review on Agriculture and Rural Development 11, no. 1-2 (2022): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/rard.2022.1-2.73-78.
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We aimed to evaluate the green biomass’ of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) quality, through quantitative analysis of microelements, colour characteristics, and UHPLC-MS screening of bioactive constituents. The shelf life examination included sealed raw sweet potato leaves in plastic packs were stored at 6°C and 12°C and the microbiological characteristics were monitored for 2 weeks, through enumeration of mesophilic total plate count, total fungi count, Enterobacteriaceae and mesophilic aerobic spores. We found, that the sweet potato leaves can be considered as the source of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus among the minerals, of which calcium is the most abundant. We identified 17 types of amino acids, 7 vitamins, mainly vitamins belonging to the Vitamin B family. Furthermore, it contained carboxylic acids, flavonoids, polyphenols and aromatic compounds. The sweet potato leaves stored at 6°C was of satisfactory microbiological quality on day 14. Our data suggest that the sweet potato leaves could be a valuable source for healthy nutrition.
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Martins de Oliveira, Taysa, Ellen Godinho Pinto, Fernando Luiz de Oliveira, and Dayana Silva Batista Soares. "DESENVOLVIMENTO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE IOGURTE DE MANGABA CONVENCIONAL E DIET." COLLOQUIUM AGRARIAE 13, Especial 2 (2017): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ca.2017.v13.nesp2.000221.
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The consumption of yogurt is related to the positive image of healthy and nutritious food, being a source of protein, calcium, phosphorus and vitamins. Mangrove has been widely exploited because of its nutritional potential and the manufacture of various foods. This work aimed at the development of conventional mangaba yogurt and diet to study their physical and chemical characteristics. It can be observed that the levels of pH, vitamin C and density had no significant difference between conventional and dietary mango yogurt. The phenolic compounds found in yogurt were less than 1% of that found in fresh pulp.
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Borozan, Aurica Breica, Sorina Popescu, Despina Bordean, and Alina Dobrei. "CARUM CARVI – ASPECIES OF FOOD INTEREST WITH ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES. A SHORT REVIEW." Current Trends in Natural Sciences 11, no. 21 (2022): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i21.034.
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This paper is a short review of the Carum carvi L as a species of food interest, with many nutritional and functional benefits but also as a plant rich in bioactive compounds with antibacterial and antifungal action. For screening the cumin nutritional value and antimicrobial activity, we used different Databases and research papers.The nutritional richness in organic compounds (especially carbohydrates), vitamins (dominated by vitamin C, folates, niacin, vitamin E) and minerals (especially calcium, phosphorus) are the basis for the use of this plant as a spice in the food industry and in various culinary preparations. Carum carvi L seeds have a high oil content and over 30 chemicals. The most important components are considered carvone and limonene. Caraway oil is a promising antimicrobial agent against pathogenic, phytopathogene and fungal bacterial species, including species which produce mycotoxins and aflatoxins. Cumin is of interest in traditional medicine andalso for food preservatin.
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Наронова, Наталья, Natalia Naronova, Вера Молвинских, et al. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONSERVATIVE THERAPY IN CHILDREN." Actual problems in dentistry 15, no. 3 (2019): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2019-15-3-47-54.
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Subject. Saliva plays the main role in the mineralization of enamel after eruption, as it consists of inorganic and organic compounds, as well as hormones and vitamins that regulate this process.
 The aim is to quantify calcium and phosphorus in mixed saliva in children and to assess the effect of remineralizing agents on these indicators over time.
 Methods. The mixed saliva of 18 children aged 3 to 11 years, as well as saliva of 39 people aged 17 to 20 years was analyzed. The content of calcium and phosphorus in mixed saliva was determined using spectrophotometry, according to standard methods. The normal range for calcium in saliva is 40-80 mg/l, the phosphorus content in saliva is 60-200 mg/l. The analysis of experimental data of the analyzed samples of mixed saliva has shown that the calcium content is 25.1±0.49 mg/l, in 80 % of cases there is calcium deficiency. The phosphorus content is 51.4±0.95 mg/l, in 65 % of cases there is phosphorus deficiency.
 Results. When using Belagel, it was found that the Ca/P ratio in saliva in adults has not changed, and in children, on the contrary, it has increased almost 2 times. After 2 weeks, the Ca/P ratio in children and adults using R.O.C.S. increased 2 times, and, when using Belagel, it increased only 1.5 times in adults, and even decreased in children by 25 %.
 Conclusion. In children groups, the content of calcium and phosphorus can be replenished when using remineralizing agents: Belagel Ca/P increases phosphorus content, and R.O.C.S. medical minerals increases calcium content in comparison with the control group.
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Milyutina, Yulia P., Margarita O. Shengelia, Anastasia P. Sazonova, Olesya N. Bespalova, and Andrey V. Korenevsky. "The relationship between mineral and vitamin statuses in the blood serum of pregnant women with fetal congenital malformations." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 73, no. 6 (2025): 89–100. https://doi.org/10.17816/jowd639031.
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Background: Changes occurring in the body during pregnancy have a significant impact on metabolism, which determines the importance of monitoring nutrition and taking vitamin and mineral supplements for the health of the mother and the normal development of the fetus. An imbalance of vitamins and trace elements in the body leads to disruption of cellular processes, which may increase the risk of fetal congenital malformations, particularly those associated with neural tube defects. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mineral and vitamin statuses in the blood serum of pregnant women with fetal congenital malformations. Materials and methods: The blood serum was analyzed for a range of essential minerals (magnesium, calcium, copper, zinc, iron), inorganic phosphorus, iron deficiency anemia parameters, as well as vitamins (D, B12, folic acid) and homocysteine levels in 82 pregnant women with various fetal congenital malformations at 19.0 (15.0–21.0) weeks of gestation. All patients were divided into three study groups: Group 1 consisted of women without chromosomal abnormalities and with fetal neural tube defects (n = 18); Group 2 involved individuals without chromosomal abnormalities and fetal neural tube defects (n = 35); and Group 3 comprised patients with chromosomal abnormalities, predominantly Down syndrome (n = 29). Results: The patients of all of the study groups were comparable in terms of body mass index, number of pregnancies, births, and abortions in the medical history, as well as the frequency of diabetes mellitus, endocrine diseases, and exposure to exogenous damaging factors. Women with fetal neural tube defects had a higher percentage of acute respiratory viral infection cases in early pregnancy, lower vitamin B12 levels, and lower serum concentrations of inorganic phosphorus, which had a direct correlation with blood zinc levels. Conclusions: The data obtained indicate the need for further research with larger samples to clarify the role of trace elements and vitamins in the formation of various fetal congenital malformations and the feasibility of prescribing B vitamins and dietary supplements that contain zinc and phosphorus compounds before or during pregnancy.
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Oubella, Khadija, Asmaa Benkerroum, Soukaina Zini, Hind Mouhanni, Salah Eddine Haddou, and Abdelaziz Bendou. "THE MICRONUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF CROCUS SATIVUS L. AND ITS CORRELATIONS BASED ON STATISTICAL ANALYSIS." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 01 (2023): 363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16026.
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This work focused on determining the micronutrient status of Crocus sativus L.stigmas with studying of the different correlations between physical-chemical compounds (moisture, minerals, ash, total phenolic content, total carotenoids, zeaxanthin, vitamins and antioxidant activity). The mineral composition (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mo and B) was analyzed by ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectroscopy). The total phenolic content, total carotenoids and DPPH activity were evaluated using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The retention times of zeaxanthin, vitamin E and vitamin B9 molecules as well as their contents in the saffron stigmas were determined by UHPLC and were respectively (11.473 min, 15.561 ppm), (4.588 min, 1.048 ppm) and (3.977 min, 103.382 ppm). The obtained total phenolics value was 9.51 ± 1.10mg GAE/g dry weight (DW) and for total carotenoids, 28.53 ± 2.27 mg β-carotene /g DW. Positive correlations (p < 0.05) were noted between moisture-calcium, molybdenum-magnesium, manganese-potassium, manganese-phosphorus, boron-calcium, copper-iron,total phenolic-antioxidant activity and total carotenoids-zeaxanthin. However, negative correlations were found between moisture-sodium, ash-carbon, calcium-sodium and boron-sodium. No significant correlationswere observed between ash-total phenolic, ash-carotenoids,ash-vitamin E and ash-vitamin B9.
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Campos-Rodriguez, Jordy, Katherine Acosta-Coral, and Luz María Paucar-Menacho. "Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa): Nutritional composition and bioactive compounds of grain and leaf, and impact of heat treatment and germination." Scientia Agropecuaria 13, no. 3 (2022): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2022.019.
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Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is an Andean pseudocereal produced in countries such as Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and southern Colombia, with more than 3,000 varieties, distinguished by their nutritional properties and adaptation to different agro-ecological zones. Quinoa's nutritional profile stands out for its protein, carbohydrate, lipid and gluten-free content; it is rich in vitamins; and it is an excellent source of minerals, such as calcium, magnesium, iron and phosphorus. It is one of the few foods that have in its composition all the essential amino acids, standing out from other cereals such as rice or wheat. It is an excellent source of bioactive compounds, which have antioxidant, cytotoxic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. With respect to quinoa leaves, several studies have indicated that they have higher protein content than grains, as well as inorganic nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and zinc. In addition, they can potentially serve as a rich source of phenolic compounds and carotenoids. Conventional heat treatments greatly or slightly affect the composition of the food, including bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity. Germination provides the product with greater bioavailability and an increase in bioactive compounds. The purpose of this work was to document research on quinoa and its leaves, the effect of thermal treatments and germination on its bioactive compounds, in order to promote the creation and innovation of products based on its bioactive compounds, thus combating malnutrition in our population.
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Shcherbatyy, A. G., L. G. Slivinska, B. V. Gutyj, V. I. Golovakha, A. V. Piddubnyak, and V. L. Fedorovuch. "The influence of a mineral-vitamin premix on the metabolism of pregnant horses with microelemetosis." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 8, no. 2 (2017): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021746.
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The article presents data on research into the influence of a mineral-vitamin premix on the clinical condition, erythropoiesis and the metabolism (macro- and micro-elemental, vitaminic, proteinaceous, enzymic) of Hucul breed mares in the last trimester of pregnancy. The Marmix premix contains: vitamins – А, D3, Е, В1, В2, В12, pantothenic and ascorbic acids, niacin, biotin; nonorganic compounds of microelements – sulphate of cobalt, copper, zinc, iron, manganese; potassium iodide, sodium selenite; amino acids – lysine, threonine, methionine.The usage of the mineral-vitaminic premix Marmix on pregnant mares during 60 days causes recovery of clinical status, erythropoiesis, raises the level of the cobalt (by 45.9%) and copper (by 2.15 times), normalizes the calcium-phosphorus ratio, raises the phosphorus level in the blood (by 17.7%), raises vitamin А (by 2.5 times) and tocopherol (by 2.02 times), total protein (by 27.7%), decreases the level of urea (by 42.2%), activity of AspAT [aspartate transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase] (by 42.9%) and AlAT [alanine transaminase] (by 44.9%) and alkaline phosphatase (by 43.7%). The research conducted contributes to improvements in the study of the pathogenesis of microelementosis of mares and develops an efficient way of treating and preventing the development of microelementosis among these animals.
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Gaudré, Didier, and Nathalie Quiniou. "What mineral and vitamin levels to recommend in swine diets?" Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 38, spe (2009): 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982009001300019.
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Minerals, including trace-elements, and vitamins are currently introduced into the pig diet in order to obtain suitable performances for the modern pig genotype bred in confinement. Most of the mineral and vitamin contents of cereals and usual protein compounds are characterized by their poor and variable availability. Supplemental diets are then usually needed. This paper, based on literature data, reviews the pig requirement for minerals and vitamins in order to ensure economic and profitable performance. Recent research has focused on phosphorus due to environmental considerations. The widespread use of microbial phytase has decreased the need for inorganic phosphates. Cereals are particularly deficient in calcium and sodium, consequently limestone and salt are necessary to meet the pig need for these minerals. Zinc and copper are recognized as growth promoting agents but their use at high levels is detrimental to the environment. The pig diets usually contain supplemental contents of iron, manganese, cobalt, iodine and selenium. The need for these elements in pig diets is described individually. Vitamin E and choline represent the most expensive vitamins added. Choline is then usually not incorporated into the pig fattening diet taking into account the choline contents of the raw materials, while vitamin E is included at a lower level than those which improve the meat quality. Our recent research has dealt with increased levels of vitamins added in combination, calculating higher requirement of the modern pig genotype. Fewer improvements have been obtained in this way, suggesting that recommendations proposed by INRA in 1984 are mainly justified.
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Nahm, K. H. "Additives to reduce phosphorus excretion and phosphorus solubility in poultry and swine manure." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 8 (2004): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea02143.
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In the past 20 years, scientists have realised that environmental contamination by non-point source nutrients is a significant problem and its control is not easily managed. Manure phosphorus was found to be a primary pollutant of surface water, so methods to reduce manure phosphorus runoff have been a research focus. This review concentrates on approaches developed to reduce the excretion of manure phosphorus and to reduce the soluble phosphorus content of manure by poultry and swine. Addition of phytase to poultry and swine diets reduces phosphorus excretion dramatically. For example, phytase addition lowered broiler manure phosphorus by 10–56%, hen manure phosphorus by 41%, growing–finishing pig manure phosphorus by 21–51% and weaning–growing pig manure phosphorus by 20–25%. Phytase also improves the availability of other nutrients. Addition of vitamin D and its metabolites increases phosphorus retention by 31–79%, while use of this vitamin and its metabolites with phytase improved phosphorus retention by 79%. Further research is needed in the use of organic acids, probiotics and starch and their impact on manure phosphorus reduction. Ratios of dietary calcium:total phosphorus in the range of 1.1:1 to 1.4:1 appear to provide the best efficiency of supplemental phytase and D3 in broilers. Determination of dietary phosphorus requirements for each growth phase is vital, as is accurate and quick measurement of phosphorus contents in feeds. Certain chemical reagents containing aluminium, calcium or iron have been found effective in reducing the solubility of phosphorus, when added to manure or litter. Research reports have shown that reagents containing aluminium reduced phosphorus solubility in manure by 39–100%. Compounds containing iron decreased phosphorus solubility by 48–95%, while calcium compounds reduced soluble phosphorus by 65%. Fly ash containing aluminium, iron and calcium may also be used to lower soluble phosphorus content in manures.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "E vitamins and calcium-phosphorus compounds"
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Grellier, Brigitte. "Approche biotechnologique des mycorhizes : culture in vitro et physiologie des associations ectomycorhiziennes." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605677t.
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Chen, Yan-Jhang, and 陳彥彰. "Transformation of phosphorus in sewage sludge by the addition of calcium compounds." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/929f6s.
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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>環境工程與管理研究所<br>105<br>Sewage sludge (SS) is a byproduct of urban sewage treatment which contains phosphorus (P) necessary for plant and animal growth. P exists as several types in SS, including organic phosphorus (OP), inorganic phosphorus (IP), nonapatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP), and apatite phosphorus (AP). Among these, only AP has higher bioavailability and broader industrial applications. This study attempted to transform different types of P in SS into AP by the addition of calcium compounds. The results showed that after the addition of 8% calcium compound at 70 ℃, the content of OP decreased from 45% to 38.5%, NAIP decreased from 32% to 8.3%, and AP increased from 23% to 53.2%. After the addition of 8% calcium compound at 300 ℃, OP was almost disappeared, NAIP remained at 8.3%, whereas AP increased to 90.6%. The transformed AP existed as calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7). The results showed that by adding calcium compounds, various P in SS can be transformed into AP under lower temperature condition.
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Liao, Chen-Hui, and 廖振惠. "Transformation and recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge ash through the addition of calcium compounds." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9h7chs.
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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>環境工程與管理研究所<br>107<br>Sewage sludge (SS) is mainly treated by incineration nowadays. After incineration, phosphorus (P) is concentrated in sewage sludge ash (SSA). If it can be recovered, it can become a new source of P. P exists as several types in SSA, including total phosphorus (TP), inorganic phosphorus (IP) , non-apatite phosphorus (NAIP), and apatite phosphorus (AP) . Among these, only AP has higher bioavailability.
This study is mainly divided into two stages. The first stage investigated the characteristics of transforming different types of P in SSA into AP through the addition of various calcium compounds. At the second stage, P is recovered from SSA by applying large CaCO3 particles.
The results of the first stage showed that after adding 8 wt% of CaO or Ca(OH)2 into SSA at room temperature for 24 hr, NAIP in the SSA can be transformed into AP, which accounted for 97.2% and 96.3% of TP, respectively. After the addition of 15 wt% CaCO3 into SSA at room temperature for 30 min, NAIP in the SSA can also be transformed into AP, which accounted for 93.5%. These three calcium compounds can transform different types of P in SSA into AP. The transformed AP existed as calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7).
The results of the second stage showed that adding CaCO3 particles with size of 0.3-1 mm into the SSA, stirring for 30 min at room temperature, and then taking out the CaCO3 particles, the P in SSA was recovered to the CaCO3 particles. The P recovery increased with the addition amount of CaCO3 particles. When the addition amount of CaCO3 particles was more than 50 wt%, the P recovery reached to approximately 6%. Adding 25 wt% CaCO3 particles per batch for 12 batches with a reaction time of 5 min per batch, the P recovery was 7.56%. After 138 batches addition, 76% of P in the SSA could be recovered.
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林立婷. "Studies on new interactive compounds between photosensitive 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers and vitamin C : The changes in calcium ions blocking activity." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ppszt4.
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碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>化學暨生物化學研究所<br>105<br>This study was based on the preparation of new interactive compounds between photosensitive 1,4-dihydropyridine drugs (i.e. nifedipine and nisoldipine) and vitamin C. These compounds are purified and identified as 6-Hydroxy-2,4-dimethyl-5-oxo-5,6-dihydrobenzo[c][2,7]naphthyridinen-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (named as cpd.4 in this thesis) and 6-Hydroxy-2,4-dimethyl-5-oxo-5,6-dihydrobenzo[c][2,7] naphthyridinen-1-carboxylic acid isobutyl ester (named as cpd.8) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).
In the first part of the thesis, we determine cytotoxicity of cpd.4 and cpd.8 on the A7r5 cells by XTT assay. The test results have confirmed that the cytotoxicity of cpd.4 and cpd.8 on A7r5 cells is quite low. In the second part, we investigated the effect of cpd.4 and cpd.8 on the blocking of calcium ion channels on A7r5 cells, using flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscope, and Calcium Colorimetric Assay Kit. The results showed that cpd.4 and cpd.8 are able to decrease intracellular calcium ion levels due to blocking calcium ion channels in a manner of dose dependence. However, the magnitude of cpd. 4 and cpd.8 on blocking the channels is relatively lower in comparison with NF and NS, respectively.
Another message calls, based on the found evidence, hypertensive patients would not have proper medication if NF or NS were not preserved well. These photosensitive drugs will undergo photolysis and interact with vitamin C in human serum and liver tissue to produce the new compounds which could show different pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics as expected. To the least extent, the new compounds would cause a decreased ability of blocking calcium channels and less achieve the antihypertensive effect although aren’t harmful to the human body (XTT assay).
Książki na temat "E vitamins and calcium-phosphorus compounds"
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Elder, Grahame J. Metabolic bone disease after renal transplantation. Edited by Jeremy R. Chapman. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0288.
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Patients who undergo kidney transplantation have laboratory, bone, and soft tissue abnormalities that characterize chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). After successful transplantation, abnormal values of parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23, calcium, phosphate, vitamin D sterols, and sex hormones generally improve, but abnormalities often persist. Cardiovascular risk remains high and is influenced by prevalent vascular calcification, and fracture risk increases due to a combination of abnormal bone ‘quality’, compounded by immunosuppressive drugs and reductions in bone mineral density. Patients with well managed CKD-MBD before transplantation generally have a smoother post-transplant course, and it is useful to assess patients soon after transplantation for risk factors relevant to the general population and to patients with CKD. Targeted laboratory assessment, bone densitometry, and X-ray of the spine are useful for guiding therapy to minimize post-transplant effects of CKD-MBD. To reduce fracture risk, general measures include glucocorticoid dose minimization, attaining adequate 25(OH)D levels, and maintaining calcium and phosphate values in the normal range. Calcitriol or its analogues and antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonates may protect bone from glucocorticoid effects and ongoing hyperparathyroidism, but the efficacy of these therapies to reduce fractures is unproven. Alternate therapies with fewer data include denosumab, strontium ranelate, teriparatide, oestrogen or testosterone hormone replacement therapy, tibolone, selective oestrogen receptor modulators, and cinacalcet. Parathyroidectomy may be necessary, but is generally avoided within the first post-transplant year. A schema is presented in this chapter that aims to minimize harm when allocating therapy.
Części książek na temat "E vitamins and calcium-phosphorus compounds"
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Polat, Elif. "Fat Soluble Vitamins and Macrominerals." In Vitamins, Minerals and Trace Elements. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359173.1.
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The word vitamin was first used to mean ""the amine necessary for life"". • Vitamins are organic catalysts necessary for normal body functions, growth and healthy living. They are not synthesized in the human body and must be obtained externally. Vitamins are classified according to their fat and water solubility. Fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E and K, and although they are essential for health, each of them has very important functions in the body. They have many biological activities such as vision, bone, coagulation and antioxidant effects. They are released, absorbed and transported (as chylomicrons) along with dietary fats. They are stored in the liver and fatty tissue and are eliminated more slowly than water-soluble vitamins. Vitamins A and D can accumulate in the body and cause toxic effects. Minerals are inorganic substances needed for the body to maintain its basic functions. These substances cannot be created directly by plants and animals and are taken from the soil. Minerals are divided into two groups: macrominerals and microminerals. Macrominerals are elements that should be taken in amounts greater than 100 mg daily. Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chlorine and potassium are macrominerals. Deficiency or excess intake of minerals can disrupt many biological functions and cause diseases. Sodium is a mineral that plays an important role in the body. Sodium, the main cation of extracellular fluid, is involved in functions such as transport of substances across the cell membrane, fluid-electrolyte balance, and regulation of blood pressure. Sodium levels in the body are kept under control by the functioning of the kidneys and the influence of hormones. Muscle contraction begins with an increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration. It is the most abundant element in the human body after calcium. It is a component of DNA and RNA. Phosphorus plays a role in the formation of bones and teeth and the repair of tissues and cells. It is found abundantly in water in nature, but rarely in plants, especially as sodium chloride and potassium chloride. It ensures that the fluids in the body are kept in balance.
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Frank, Arlen W. "Vitamins." In Chemistry of Plant Phosphorus Compounds. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-407194-0.00007-x.
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Nikalje, Ganesh Chandrakant, Apurva Chonde, Sudhakar Srivastava, and Penna Suprasanna. "Wild Vegetables of the Family Capparaceae." In Wild Vegetables: Morphology, Phytochemistry and Utility Part 1. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2174/9789815313116125010018.
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The Capparaceae family, also known as the caper family, is a group of flowering plants with 33 genera and about 700 species. Some members are rich sources of vitamins, including vitamin A (in the form of beta-carotene), vitamin C, and vitamin K. They may also contain minerals like potassium, calcium, and iron. Some members may contain anti-nutritional compounds like Glucosinolates and tannins (Kamel et al., 2009).
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Nikalje, Ganesh Chandrakant, Apurva Chonde, Sudhakar Srivastava, and Penna Suprasanna. "Wild Vegetables of the Family Amaranthaceae." In Wild Vegetables: Morphology, Phytochemistry and Utility Part 1. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2174/9789815313116125010008.
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The Amaranthaceae family comprises nearly 175 genera and more than 2,500 species. The plants are found nearly worldwide, with some species thriving in tropical regions and others adapted to cool temperate climates. Several species of this family are important food crops, including Amaranth, Quinoa, Beet, etc. and some species are ornamental including cocks comb, globe amaranth, etc. Amaranthaceae members are rich in nutrients, essential amino acids, dietary fibers, vitamins A, B complex (particularly B6), C, E, and minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium. In addition, some members contain antinutritional compounds including, phytates, oxalates, and nitrates which may cause health issues in humans (Umar et al., 2011).
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Nikalje, Ganesh Chandrakant, Apurva Chonde, Sudhakar Srivastava, and Penna Suprasanna. "Wild Vegetables of the Family Anacardiaceae." In Wild Vegetables: Morphology, Phytochemistry and Utility Part 1. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2174/9789815313116125010009.
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The Amaranthaceae family comprises nearly 175 genera and more than 2,500 species. The plants are found nearly worldwide, with some species thriving in tropical regions and others adapted to cool temperate climates. Several species of this family are important food crops, including Amaranth, Quinoa, Beet, etc. and some species are ornamental including cocks comb, globe amaranth, etc. Amaranthaceae members are rich in nutrients, essential amino acids, dietary fibers, vitamins A, B complex (particularly B6), C, E, and minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium. In addition, some members contain antinutritional compounds including, phytates, oxalates, and nitrates which may cause health issues in humans (Umar et al., 2011).
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Gülhan, Ayca. "The Health Benefits of the Cheese." In Advances in Hospitality, Tourism, and the Services Industry. IGI Global, 2024. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-3490-4.ch009.
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This chapter focuses on the nutritional components of cheese and their impact on human health. Cheese is a widely enjoyed fermented dairy product that offers essential nutrients and beneficial bioactive compounds and contains bioactive peptides, proteins, amino acids, lipids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, which provide various health benefits such as antioxidant, antihypertensive, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, immune-modulating, and antimicrobial effects. Cheese is rich in calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and magnesium, which help prevent tooth decay and osteoporosis. During cheese production, lactic acid bacteria and yeast starter strains inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms and their byproducts. These microorganisms produce functional metabolites like bioactive peptides, exopolysaccharides, and conjugated linoleic acid, which enhance cheese's functional properties. Adding probiotic lactic acid bacteria strains to starter cultures improves the absorption of bioactive substances and promotes health.
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T, Shamala, Prathibha B. S, Swarup H. A, and Prashanth M. K. "A STUDY ON BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE AND STRUCTURAL ELUCIDATION OF VITAMINS- A REVIEW." In Futuristic Trends in Agriculture Engineering & Food Sciences Volume 3 Book 1. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bcagp1ch30.
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Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are three major classes of food. To remain healthy, we must take in relatively large amounts of these substances. They are not, however, the nutrients we require, some of our needs are satisfied only by vitamins and minerals. Vitamin B1 may occur in the nature as free compound as in the form of its salts, Vitamin B1 – protein complex, pyrophosphate (co-carboxylase) and as vitamin B¬1 – Phosphorus – protein complex. The relative amount of each form depends upon the source. Actually the word vitamin B6 refers to a group of three compounds, namely, pyridoxine (or) adermin, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine which are interconvertible in the form of their phosphates but as pyridoxine is the first member of this group it is alone also known as vitamin B6 as the vitamin is antidermatitic factor for rats, it is also known as adermin. Biotin is a heterocyclic sulfur containing monocarboxylic acid, the structure is formed by fusion of imidazole and thiophene rings. Biotin is covalently bound to €-amino groups of lysine to form biocytin in the enzymes. b - Biotin occurs mainly in combined forms bound to protein through the -N-lysine moiety. To avoid deficiency and its causes there is a need of the study of its significance and structure.
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Dhamodharan, Kalaiyarasi, Manobharathi Vengaimaran, and Mirunalini Sankaran. "Pharmacological Properties and Health Benefits of Capsicum Species: A Comprehensive Review." In Capsicum - New Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104906.
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Since the start of history, natural medicine has been of great interest and attention to humankind. A heap of empirical research indicates that spices have undoubtedly made our lives more interesting and may also make them longer. Capsicum is a highly regarded indispensable spice all over the globe for its umpteen culinary and medicinal facets. It has been used for more than 7000 years in Mexico and is believed to have originated in tropical Central America. Mainly, this botanical contains a good source of vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B5, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, phosphorus, and carotenoids. Interestingly, capsicum phenolic compounds are helpful in preventing and treating many ailments. So, it intends as a beneficial milestone in the pharmaceutical industry and a boon to humanity. This chapter highlights the tremendous pharmacological uses and health benefits of capsicum species and its active compounds in multifarious aspects.
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Nikalje, Ganesh Chandrakant, Apurva Chonde, Sudhakar Srivastava, and Penna Suprasanna. "Wild Vegetables of the Family Commelinaceae." In Wild Vegetables: Morphology, Phytochemistry and Utility Part 1. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2025. https://doi.org/10.2174/9789815313116125010021.
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This family comprises approximately 41 genera and 731 species. In contrast to many flowering plants, Commelinaceae species feature a distinctive structure known as a spathe. This modified leaf serves as a protective sheath around the flower cluster (inflorescence) before it blooms. Some Commelinaceae species are excellent sources of vitamins, particularly A and C, and may also contain essential minerals such as calcium, potassium, and iron. However, certain Commelinaceae plants contain antinutritional compounds, including calcium oxalate crystals and saponins (Faden 1998).
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Marsanasco, Marina, and Silvia del Valle Alonso. "Why Produce Food-Bioactive Compounds to Generate Functional Grade Foods?" In Functional Foods [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96421.
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Functional foods are those with health benefits but cannot incorporate and protect from oxidation or deterioration, maintaining the bioactive compounds (BC) activity. The liposomes have several advantages for BC encapsulation: ease of obtention, characterization, scaling-up, lipid protection for hydrophilic and lipophilic BC, and best, they are made with natural lipids of alimentary grade. In our studies, liposomes were made of soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC) with Stearic Acid or Calcium Stearate as membrane stabilizer. They encapsulated BC as vitamin E, vitamin C and folic acid (B9). The liposome’s design strategy is that SPC lipid’s components are BC like choline and essential fatty acids. These liposomes preserved and maintain the activity of the thermolabile vitamins C and B9. Like milk and fruit juice, in various food types can incorporate liposomes protecting BC. A series of laboratory studies will be performed to select the most stable liposomal formulations, like characterization, encapsulation efficiency, physicochemical, microbiological, thermal and sensory stability. Liposomes- BC design and development are discussed in the chapter. The food heat treatment and the conditions/storage time are also crucial and must be considered in these studies. Finally, incorporating the BC into a food production line is feasible with an excellent economic prospect until supermarket shelves are reached, like our food product proposal.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "E vitamins and calcium-phosphorus compounds"
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Agarwal, D. C., and Michael Eckhardt. "Nickel Alloys and Newer Super-Austenitic Alloys Contributions in the CPI and Petrochemical Industries." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06233.
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Abstract In the CPI and petrochemical sectors basic raw materials, both organic and inorganic, are converted into products for use in other industries and/or direct use by consumers. The vast majority of chemicals are produced from a very limited number of simple chemicals which are derived from about ten raw materials. These are hydrocarbons (oil, natural gas, coal), minerals, rocks, salts, sulfur, phosphorus, air, water, inorganic acids and halogens. The first stage in the CPI/petrochemical industry is the conversion of the raw materials into base chemicals such as ethane, propane, butane, benzene, toluene, xylenes, synthesis gas, ammonia, methanol, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, chlorine plus some other compounds. In the second stage of chemical operation, various elements such as oxygen, chlorine, sulfur etc. are introduced in the base chemicals to form chemical intermediates, which could number in 100’s of chemical compounds such as acetic acid, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and monomers like acrylonitrile, terephthalic acid etc. The third and final step consists of a series of operations to obtain consumer products such as plastics (PVC), synthetic fibers (polyesters, nylon-6), elastomers (polybutadiene), pesticides and insecticides, fertilizers(ammonium nitrate),vitamins, pharmaceuticals, detergents and others. In all these industrial operations, corrosion is an ever-present entity, 24 hours a day 7 days a week. Hence suitable materials of construction have to be selected to mitigate / minimize / control corrosion. Principal materials of construction typically are carbon & low alloy Cr-Mo steels, stainless steels (ferritic, austenitic, martensitic, precipitation hardened & duplex stainless steels), copper & aluminum alloys, nickel alloys, zirconium & titanium / titanium alloys. In very specific cases tantalum has also been used. Other corrosion mitigation technologies such as electrochemical protection (cathodic and anodic), non-metallics (polymers, ceramics), coatings and paints and use of inhibitor technology also play a major role in combating corrosion. This paper briefly describes the contributions and impact of various nickel alloy systems developed and in use during the last 100 years on the CPI and petrochemical industrial segments with comments as to what the future holds for the newer alloys developed in the last 20 years and the competition faced by these alloys in the new millennium. The impact of the newer super-austenitic alloys developed in the last few years is also discussed.
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Lucas-Aguirre, J. C., G. Giraldo, and R. M. Cortes. "Optimization of the spray drying process for the obtaining of coconut powder (Cocos nucifera L.) fortified with functionally active compounds." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7307.
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Abstract The objective of this work is to contribute to the generation of a significant advance of the coconut agroindustry in Colombia, for which the process of spray drying was optimized to obtain coconut powder added with functionally active components (CP+PAC) (calcium and vitamins C, D3 and E), food that is framed in the context of functional foods. Initially, the behavior of the physicochemical properties of the coconut during storage at a temperature of 25ºC was evaluated. Then the base emulsion was designed, determining the influence of the composition of emulsions based on coconut milk, on its physicochemical stability, the answer surface methodology was used with a central composite design, considering the independent variables: water/coconut ratio; xantan gum; coconut fiber; terbutilhidroquinona. Subsequently, it was experimentally optimized according to the operating characteristics of the dryer and the product, using a response surface design based on five independent variables: Maltodextrin, air inlet temperature, air outlet temperature, atomizer disk speed and vacuum pressure in the drying chamber. Finally, the stability of the PC+PAC properties was evaluated, using a factorial design based on the independent variables: storage temperature, storage time and packaging. Keywords: coconut, colloidal system, deposit formation, yield, vitamins.
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Bevc, Sebastjan, Tadej Petreski, Luka Varda, Nejc Piko, Robert Ekart, and Radovan Hojs. "Vitamin D and cardiorenal diseases." In 7 th International Congress of Cardionephrology - KARNEF 2025. Punta Niš, 2025. https://doi.org/10.46793/karnef25.019b.
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Vitamin D is a crucial fat-soluble compound primarily involved in maintaining calcium-phosphate balance and promoting bone health. In recent years, its broader physiological roles, particularly in cardiovascular (CV) and kidney function, have garnered significant interest. Deficiency in vitamin D is a widespread issue, affecting a large portion of the global population, and is associated with various health problems, including CV disease. Research suggests adequate vitamin D levels help preserve vascular function, reduce inflammation and fibrosis, and potentially protect against hypertension, atherosclerosis, and albuminuria. Observational studies have consistently reported that low vitamin D levels are linked to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. While supplementation is generally safe at recommended levels, further investigations are needed to clarify its role in CV risk reduction. This article examines the impact of vitamin D on the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys.
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Grabuza, Dagnija, Linda Grinberga, Ruta Ozola-Davidane, and Julija Karasa. "Innovative solutions for phosphorus removal in municipal wastewater: primary and post-treatment approaches." In 24th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2025.24.tf210.
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Excess phosphorus (P) in wastewater contributes to eutrophication, highlighting the need for efficient removal technologies across both decentralized and centralized wastewater treatment systems. This study evaluates two filtration-based approaches utilizing mineral-based sorbents for enhanced P removal. In decentralized settings, a prototype system integrating lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) was tested for primary treatment of domestic wastewater. In parallel, Polonite®, a calcium-rich sorbent, was applied as a post-treatment solution for municipal effluents in centralized facilities. Both systems were implemented and monitored under real-world operational conditions in Latvia. LECA demonstrated limited and inconsistent P removal efficiency (9-27%), indicating insufficient performance as a standalone filter. While Polonite® achieved consistent removal efficiencies ranging from 63% to 99%, with final effluent concentrations consistently below Latvia's regulatory limit of 2 mg P·L-¹. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed morphological changes on Polonite® surfaces after filtration, confirming adsorption and precipitation of P-containing compounds. The findings highlight Polonite® as an effective and reliable material for post-treatment polishing in centralized wastewater systems, while LECA may serve only as a preliminary filter in decentralized applications.
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Izhar, Tejwar, Manigopa Chakraborty, and Naiyar Ali. "Genetic Evaluation and nutritional study of baby corn and green ear for fodder purpose." In 7th GoGreen Summit 2021. Technoarete, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/978-93-92106-02-6.24.
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Green forages are rich and cheapest source of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins and minerals for dairy animals. To meet out the needs of the ever increasing livestock population the production as well productivity of fodder is to be increased. Maize crop has an important place in the food grain basket of our country and is the third most important versatile food grain crop due to its importance in food, feed, specialty corn, starch etc. In this experiment, twelve inbred lines were crossed with each of five testers in a line×tester design to evaluate combining ability and heterosis to identify promising hybrids of green cob and baby corn for fodder purpose with various characters like, 50% tasseling, 50% silking, 75% dry husk, grain yield, no. and weight of green ears, green fodder yield, dry weight, pericarp thickness and various quality parameters. The resulting F1s along with three checks and seventeen parents were evaluated in two environments during kharif 2010 and rabi 2010-11. Crosses excelled their perspective parents in performance for most of the traits studied. BQPM-2 among the parental lines and BAUIM-2 among the testers were identified as the best general combiners for grain yield and green fodder yield. Whereas among the hybrids, BAUIM-4×HKI-163 and BQPM-2×HKI-163 were identified as potential cross combinations for grain yield and green fodder yield. However for quality parameters, BQPM-2×BAUIM-2 exhibited the highest magnitude of economic heterosis for calcium, crude fibre, dry ash and reducing sugar contents while for iron and phosphorus contents, BAUIM-4×HKI 163 exhibited the most desirable value of heterosis. So the crosses (BAUIM-4×HKI 163) and (BQPM-2×BAUIM-2) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigor. While for baby corn as feed for animals, several quality parameters like moisture, calcium, iron, phosphorus, total soluble sugars, crude fibre and dry ash contents) baby corn yield were studied. The inbred line BAUIM-4 followed by BQPM-2 was a good general combiner for all the quality traits and baby corn yield. Single cross BQPM-2 × BAUIM-2 had positive significant specific combining ability effects for all the quality traits and baby corn yield
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Werkelin, Johan, Maria Zevenhoven, Bengt-Johan Skrifvars, and Mikko Hupa. "Chemical Forms of Ash-Forming Matter in Woody Fuels for FBC." In 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78128.
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The prediction of the ash behavior in combustion processes is enhanced by the determination of the ash-forming matter in the fuel. The scope of this work was to characterize Scandinavian wood fuels by studying the wood, bark and leaves from a spruce and an aspen. Chemical Fractionation, a step-wise leaching procedure that treat the fuel in water, ammonium acetate and hydrochloric acid, was used to determine the solubility of the ash elements. The resulting solutions were further analyzed on ionic species, which was coupled to the presence of salt compounds in the original biomass tissues. The leaching procedure dissolved nearly 100% of the ash-forming matter. The phosphorus (P), chlorine (Cl) and some of the sulfur (S) were readily leached with water and found present as HPO42−, SO42− and Cl− in the solutions. The simultaneous dissolving of potassium (K) in this step proved the presence of water soluble potassium salts in the biomasses. The remaining K after the water treatment and all magnesium (Mg) dissolved completely in the ammonium acetate step together with a large part of the tissues’ calcium (Ca) and manganese (Mn). The remaining Ca after the second step was leached in hydrochloric acid together with equivalent amounts of oxalate ions, C2O42−. This proved the presence of acid soluble calcium oxalate in the tissues, a salt with low solubility in neutral pH.
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Erhan, Dumitru, Irina Erhan, Stefan Rusu, et al. "Epidemiologia parazitozelor şi impactul fasciolozei asupra organismului la rumegătoare." In Simpozion Ştiinţific Internaţional "50 ani de învăţământ superior medical veterinar din Republica Moldova". Technical University of Moldova, 2025. https://doi.org/10.52326/ismv2024.24.
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A high level of infestation of adult cattle was established with: echinococcosis -in 28.8% - 76.8% of cases, fasciola - in 10.6% - 59.5%, dicrocelia - 22.3% - 68.3%, strongyloides – 10.5% - 30.5%, sarcochists - 86.8% - 97.6% of cases, and bulls (23-25 months), respectively, in 4.0% - 31.7 %; 1.2% - 47.7%; 10.5% - 44.7%; 17.5% - 47.5% and in 81.2% - 96.1% of cases, depending on the geographical area of the republic and the technology of animal maintenance. The high level of infestation with parasitic agents is possible due to the grazing of various species of animals, of different ages, on limited lands, the uninterrupted contact of cattle with intermediate hosts, the weakening of state control over the implementation of anti-parasitic measures, as well as the use of the same anti-parasitic remedies for several years. In infested cattle with fasciola, the content of vitamins (A, E, B1, B2, C), micro- and macroelements (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, P) changed in the muscle tissue and liver, which considerably influences their nutritional value. The content of vitamin A in the liver decreased by 1.4 times, E – by 3.18, correspondingly B1 and B2 - by 1.08 and 1.23 times, C - by 2.08 times, iron - by 3.01 times, phosphorus - by 4.17, calcium - by 1.56, magnesium - by 1.04 times, and the content of sodium and potassium increased, correspondingly, by 1.61 and 1.25 times, compared to non-infested animals. In muscle tissue, the content of vitamin A was 1.83 times lower, E – by 1.67, B1 – by 1.21, B2 – by 1.11, C – by 3.73, calcium – by 1.60, phosphorus - 1.46, and magnesium, sodium, potassium and iron - correspondingly 1, 34, 1.82, 1.3 and 3.14 times higher than in healthy cattle. When infected with fasciola, the young trematodes that migrate, on their surface, from the intestines, bring to the liver of mammals, opportunistic staphylococci, streptococci, Escherichia coli, Proteus, and sometimes Clostridium and as a result hepatitis, cholangitis and cholecystitis develop. An associative disease occurs in animals, the primary factor of which are trematodes, and the secondary factor is conditionally pathogenic microflora, which develops intensively in the liver and intestines of the infested animal. A complex treatment to combat fasciolosis is recommended. During the stable period, two groups of anthelmintics are used: the first group effective against young fascioles (acemidofen, usovermit, etc.), the second group - against adult fascioles (albendazole, hexihol, fazinex, etc.). The preparations from the first group are administered in the months of September-November, and from the second (depending on the results of coprological research) - in the months of February-March (until grazing), taking into account the period of preimaginal development of the fascioles in nature and in the host intermediate, and of the adults in the definitive host. For the elimination of toxigenic colibacilli, hemolytic streptococci, toxigenic staphylococci, proteins, clostridia, which intensively develop in the intestine of animals infested with fasciola, as well as for the purpose of combating bacteria, which develop intensively in the liver and bile, it is recommended that over 2- 5 days after deworming to be administered 5 days concurrently, over 24 hours, antibacterial preparations (antibiotics, sulfanilamides, nitrofuran). After 5-7 days, remedies prepared from the normal obligate microflora (acidophilic, acidopropionic, nitrogen-fixing bacteria) are introduced into the animal's ration.
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Kappanna, Hemanth, Marc C. Besch, Daniel K. Carder, Mridul Gautam, Adewale Oshinuga, and Matt Miyasato. "Development of an Advanced Retrofit Aftertreatment System Targeting Toxic Air Contaminants and Particulate Matter Emissions From HD-CNG Engines." In ASME 2010 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2010-35131.
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Increasing urban pollution levels have led to the imposition of evermore stringent emissions regulations on heavy-duty engines used in transit buses. This has made compressed natural gas (CNG) a promising fuel for reducing emissions, particularly particulate matter (PM) from heavy-duty transit buses. Indeed, research studies performed at West Virginia University (WVU) and elsewhere have shown that pre-2010 compliant natural gas engines emit an order of magnitude lower PM emissions, on a mass basis, when compared to diesel engines without any exhaust aftertreatment devices. However, on a number basis, particle emissions in the nanoparticulate range were an order of magnitude higher for natural gas fueled buses than their diesel counterparts. There exists a significant number of pre-2007 CNG powered buses in transit agencies in the US and elsewhere in the world. Therefore, an exhaust aftertreatment device was designed and developed by WVU, in association with Lubrizol, to retrofit urban transit buses powered by MY2000 Cummins Westport C8.3G+ heavy-duty CNG engines, and effectively reduce Toxic Air Contaminants (TAC) and PM (mass and number count) exhaust emissions. The speciation results showed that the new exhaust aftertreatment device reduced emissions of metallic elements such as iron, zinc, nonmetallic minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and sulfur derived from lube oil additives to non-detectable levels, which otherwise could contribute to an increase in number count of nanoparticles. The carbonyl compounds were reduced effectively by the oxidation catalyst to levels below what were found in the dilution air. Also, hydrocarbons identified as TAC’s by California Air Resource Board (CARB) [1] were reduced to non-detectable levels. This ultimately reduced the number of nanoparticles to levels equal to that found in the dilution air.
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Соколов, И. В., А. И. Иванов, Ж. А. Иванова, Е. Я. Рижия, and И. И. Петров. "REMOTE SENSING IN SOLVING PROBLEMS SECONDARY DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL LAND." In МАТЕРИАЛЫ II Всероссийской научной конференции с международным участием «ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СРЕДСТВ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ЗЕМЛИ В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ» Санкт-Петербург, 26–28 сентября 2018 г. Crossref, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25695/agrophysica.2018.2.18783.
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В ходе комплексного исследования с использованием данных дистанционного зондирования установлены параметры накопления надземной биомассы на сельскохозяйственных угодьях, зарастающих древесной растительностью. В результате восстановления их плодородия при помощи новых мелиорантов продуктивность однолетних трав повысилась в 2,2–2,8 раза. Наибольшее преимущество было достигнуто в варианте с технологической переработкой ДКР в биоуголь. The crisis of commodity farming in the North-West of Russia has led to the loss of a significant part of agricultural land, their apparent and hidden degradation. The level of economic use of arable land in the region is 55 %, and the degree of overgrowing of trees and shrubs (DKR) varies by regions from 42 to 58 %. Remote sensing plays a positive role in solving the problems of secondary development of these lands. Methodological basis of research served as a geobotanical survey of a number of overgrown trees and shrubs in the typical agro-ecological conditions of land and Mitropoleos inpatient experience in the field crop rotation «annual grass + perennial grasses – perennial grasses 1 G. p. – grasses 2 G. p. – grasses of 3 G. p. – winter crops – spring crops». The soil of experience sod podzolic soils are predominant in tailspinpack slabosolenym. The power of the arable layer is 22 cm, the structure is fragile lumpy-clumpy, phkcl 4,27, humus content of 3.87 %, mobile compounds of phosphoRA and potassium – 74 and 215 mg/kg, respectively. The experimental setup twofactor: factor a – a product of technological processing of IPD (control, chaff, chaff, biochar and ash vdcs) and factor B – system of reproduction of soil fertility on the basis of bird droppings, dolomite Sy-ramalatha and potassium chloride. The study found that the stock of DKR biomass on agricultural land in the North-West of Russia depends on the Botanical composition, age and agroecological conditions. At the age of 15–20 159 years, its level varies from 56–145 t/ha in coniferous species, to 75–255 t/ha – in smallleaved. Reduced in the secondary development of agricultural land DKR in any form of technological processing has a negative impact on the nutritional regime of acidic sodpodzolic soil, causing a significant reduction in the productivity of annual herbs by 42– 80 %. Overcoming these consequences requires the combined use of meliorants: raw dolomite and poultry manure together with potassium fertilizer, providing an increase in productivity of 2.2–2.8 times from 1.27 to 2.76–3.59 kg/m2 . Against this background, the option of technological processing of DKR into bio-coal, which provided an increase in the yield of green mass by 14%, has a distinct advantage from agroecological positions. Analysis of the quality of green oat mass showed a marked reduction under the action of wood products of accumulation in its dry matter of crude protein from 19.4 to 15.3–16.6%, simple sugars and ash substances. The complex application of meliorants in the system of reproduction of fruit-rhodium of the developed soil not only leveled the negative effects, but also allowed to increase the content of crude protein by 11–27, simple sugars – by 8–18, phosphorus – by 23–41, potassium, calcium and magnesium – by 32–85%.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "E vitamins and calcium-phosphorus compounds"
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Shenker, Moshe, Paul R. Bloom, Abraham Shaviv, et al. Fate of Phosphorus Originated from Treated Wastewater and Biosolids in Soils: Speciation, Transport, and Accumulation. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697103.bard.
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Beneficial use of reclaimed wastewater (RW) and biosolids (BS) in soils is accompanied by large input of sewage-originated P. Prolonged application may result in P accumulation up to levelsBeneficial use of reclaimed wastewater (RW) and biosolids (BS) in soils is accompanied by large input of sewage-originated P. Prolonged application may result in P accumulation up to levels that impair plant nutrition, increase P loss, and promote eutrophication in downstream waters. This study aims to shed light on the RW- and BS-P forms in soils and to follow the processes that determine P reactivity, solubility, availability, and loss in RW and BS treated soils. The Technion group used sequential P extraction combined with measuring stable oxygen isotopic composition in phosphate (δ18OP) and with 31P-NMR studies to probe P speciation and transformations in soils irrigated with RW or fresh water (FW). The application of the δ18OP method to probe inorganic P (Pi) speciation and transformations in soils was developed through collaboration between the Technion and the UCSC groups. The method was used to trace Pi in water-, NaHCO3-, NaOH-, and HCl- P fractions in a calcareous clay soil (Acre, Israel) irrigated with RW or FW. The δ18OP signature changes during a month of incubation indicated biogeochemical processes. The water soluble Pi (WSPi) was affected by enzymatic activity yielding isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. Further it interacted rapidly with the NaHCO3-Pi. The more stable Pi pools also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to microbial activity. Isotopic depletion which could result from organic P (PO) mineralization was followed by enrichment which may result from biologic discrimination in the uptake. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with RW. Specific P compounds were identified by the Technion group, using solution-state 31P-NMR in wastewater and in soil P extracts from Acre soils irrigated by RW and FW. Few identified PO compounds (e.g., D-glucose-6-phosphate) indicated coupled transformations of P and C in the wastewater. The RW soil retained higher P content, mainly in the labile fractions, but lower labile PO, than the FW soil; this and the fact that P species in the various soil extracts of the RW soil appear independent of P species in the RW are attributed to enhanced biological activity and P recycling in the RW soil. Consistent with that, both soils retained very similar P species in the soil pools. The HUJ group tested P stabilization to maximize the environmental safe application rates and the agronomic beneficial use of BS. Sequential P extraction indicated that the most reactive BS-P forms: WSP, membrane-P, and NaHCO3-P, were effectively stabilized by ferrous sulfate (FeSul), calcium oxide (CaO), or aluminum sulfate (alum). After applying the stabilized BS, or fresh BS (FBS), FBS compost (BSC), or P fertilizer (KH2PO4) to an alluvial soil, P availability was probed during 100 days of incubation. A plant-based bioassay indicated that P availability followed the order KH2PO4 >> alum-BS > BSC ≥ FBS > CaO-BS >> FeSul-BS. The WSPi concentration in soil increased following FBS or BSC application, and P mineralization further increased it during incubation. In contrast, the chemically stabilized BS reduced WSPi concentrations relative to the untreated soil. It was concluded that the chemically stabilized BS effectively controlled WSPi in the soil while still supplying P to support plant growth. Using the sequential extraction procedure the persistence of P availability in BS treated soils was shown to be of a long-term nature. 15 years after the last BS application to MN soils that were annually amended for 20 years by heavy rates of BS, about 25% of the added BS-P was found in the labile fractions. The UMN group further probed soil-P speciation in these soils by bulk and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This newly developed method was shown to be a powerful tool for P speciation in soils. In a control soil (no BS added), 54% of the total P was PO and it was mostly identified as phytic acid; 15% was identified as brushite and 26% as strengite. A corn crop BS amended soil included mostly P-Fe-peat complex, variscite and Al-P-peat complex but no Ca-P while in a BS-grass soil octacalcium phosphate was identified and o-phosphorylethanolamine or phytic acid was shown to dominate the PO fraction that impair plant nutrition, increase P loss, and promote eutrophication in downstream waters. This study aims to shed light on the RW- and BS-P forms in soils and to follow the processes that determine P reactivity, solubility, availability, and loss in RW and BS treated soils. The Technion group used sequential P extraction combined with measuring stable oxygen isotopic composition in phosphate (δ18OP) and with 31P-NMR studies to probe P speciation and transformations in soils irrigated with RW or fresh water (FW). The application of the δ18OP method to probe inorganic P (Pi) speciation and transformations in soils was developed through collaboration between the Technion and the UCSC groups. The method was used to trace Pi in water-, NaHCO3-, NaOH-, and HCl- P fractions in a calcareous clay soil (Acre, Israel) irrigated with RW or FW. The δ18OP signature changes during a month of incubation indicated biogeochemical processes. The water soluble Pi (WSPi) was affected by enzymatic activity yielding isotopic equilibrium with the water molecules in the soil solution. Further it interacted rapidly with the NaHCO3-Pi. The more stable Pi pools also exhibited isotopic alterations in the first two weeks after P application, likely related to microbial activity. Isotopic depletion which could result from organic P (PO) mineralization was followed by enrichment which may result from biologic discrimination in the uptake. Similar transformations were observed in both soils although transformations related to biological activity were more pronounced in the soil treated with RW. Specific P compounds were identified by the Technion group, using solution-state 31P-NMR in wastewater and in soil P extracts from Acre soils irrigated by RW and FW. Few identified PO compounds (e.g., D-glucose-6-phosphate) indicated coupled transformations of P and C in the wastewater. The RW soil retained higher P content, mainly in the labile fractions, but lower labile PO, than the FW soil; this and the fact that P species in the various soil extracts of the RW soil appear independent of P species in the RW are attributed to enhanced biological activity and P recycling in the RW soil. Consistent with that, both soils retained very similar P species in the soil pools. The HUJ group tested P stabilization to maximize the environmental safe application rates and the agronomic beneficial use of BS. Sequential P extraction indicated that the most reactive BS-P forms: WSP, membrane-P, and NaHCO3-P, were effectively stabilized by ferrous sulfate (FeSul), calcium oxide (CaO), or aluminum sulfate (alum). After applying the stabilized BS, or fresh BS (FBS), FBS compost (BSC), or P fertilizer (KH2PO4) to an alluvial soil, P availability was probed during 100 days of incubation. A plant-based bioassay indicated that P availability followed the order KH2PO4 >> alum-BS > BSC ≥ FBS > CaO-BS >> FeSul-BS. The WSPi concentration in soil increased following FBS or BSC application, and P mineralization further increased it during incubation. In contrast, the chemically stabilized BS reduced WSPi concentrations relative to the untreated soil. It was concluded that the chemically stabilized BS effectively controlled WSPi in the soil while still supplying P to support plant growth. Using the sequential extraction procedure the persistence of P availability in BS treated soils was shown to be of a long-term nature. 15 years after the last BS application to MN soils that were annually amended for 20 years by heavy rates of BS, about 25% of the added BS-P was found in the labile fractions. The UMN group further probed soil-P speciation in these soils by bulk and micro X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). This newly developed method was shown to be a powerful tool for P speciation in soils. In a control soil (no BS added), 54% of the total P was PO and it was mostly identified as phytic acid; 15% was identified as brushite and 26% as strengite. A corn crop BS amended soil included mostly P-Fe-peat complex, variscite and Al-P-peat complex but no Ca-P while in a BS-grass soil octacalcium phosphate was identified and o-phosphorylethanolamine or phytic acid was shown to dominate the PO fraction.