Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Ecological cost

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Ecological cost”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 1 kwietnia 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Ecological cost":

Kimball, Sarah, Megan Lulow, Quinn Sorenson, Kathleen Balazs, Yi-Chin Fang, Steven J. Davis, Michael O'Connell i Travis E. Huxman. "Cost-effective ecological restoration". Restoration Ecology 23, nr 6 (13.08.2015): 800–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rec.12261.

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"Cost Effectiveness of Ecological Restoration Demonstrated". Ecologia 1, nr 1 (15.12.2010): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ecologia.2011.73.73.

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Cornelia, Piciu Gabriela. "True Cost Economics: Ecological Footprint". Procedia Economics and Finance 8 (2014): 550–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(14)00127-0.

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Doncaster, C. Patrick, Graeme E. Pound i Simon J. Cox. "The ecological cost of sex". Nature 404, nr 6775 (16.03.2000): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35005078.

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Marra, Peter P. "The ecological cost of pets". Current Biology 29, nr 19 (październik 2019): R955—R956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.067.

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Doncaster, C. Patrick, Graeme E. Pound i Simon J. Cox. "Erratum: The ecological cost of sex". Nature 405, nr 6784 (maj 2000): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35012667.

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Kosmela, Paulina, Lukasz Zedler, Krzysztof Formela, Jozef Haponiuk i Lukasz Piszczyk. "Recent Developments in Polyurethane Foams Containing Low-Cost and Pro-Ecological Modifiers". Chemistry & Chemical Technology 10, nr 4s (25.12.2016): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht10.04si.571.

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Diversity of the polyurethane (PU) foams applications cause that investigation of the relationships between their structure and properties is currently very popular topic among the many research institutions and companies. At the turn of the last years many scientific papers about PU foams and their composites were published. The one of the main trends in research in this field is related to the reduction of production costs of PU foams. This aim can be successfully achieved through the incorporation of raw materials of natural origin or the utilization of waste materials. This work reviews the progress and recent developments in area of PU foams containing low-cost and pro-ecological modifiers, such as crude glycerol, liquefied biomass, ground tire rubber, etc.

Caughlan, L. "Cost considerations for long-term ecological monitoring". Ecological Indicators 1, nr 2 (grudzień 2001): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-160x(01)00015-2.

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Daschner, F. "Unnecessary and ecological cost of hospital infection". Journal of Hospital Infection 18 (czerwiec 1991): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-6701(91)90006-t.

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Wang, Yubo, i Xizhu Yang. "Fiscal Ecological Cost of Land in China: Estimation and Regional Differences". Land 11, nr 8 (2.08.2022): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11081221.

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This study explains the fiscal ecological costs of land in China by dividing them into three periods: early ecological cost refers to loss of ecosystem service value after the conversion of agricultural land, mid-term ecological cost refers to land development in urban built-up areas, and later ecological cost refers to the investment cost of increasing the fiscal ecological service function of the land. Using data for 31 Chinese provinces from 2003 to 2017, we perform a “link between groups” cluster analysis with SPSS 22.0 statistical software. Squared Euclidean distance is used to analyze land in these provinces. Ecological cost in the early, middle, and late stages is clustered, and the provinces are divided into five areas according to the ecological cost of each stage in absolute terms and as a proportion of land fiscal revenue. The research shows that: (1) the fiscal ecological cost of land in China presents a spatial pattern of “higher in the east than in the west, higher in the south than in the north,” and (2) the cost is highest in the early stage, second highest in the late stage, and lowest in the middle stage. The findings yield differentiated policy recommendations for reducing the fiscal ecological cost of land in different areas.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Ecological cost":

Tagg, Nikki. "The ecological cost of sexual reproduction". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400475.

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Alabi, Bimpe Omolara. "Effect of building materials cost on housing delivery towards sustainability". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2635.

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Thesis (MTech (Construction Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
The study investigates the predominant factors responsible for increase in the cost of building materials and the effect of this cost increase on housing delivery in Western Cape, South Africa. Sustainable housing is buildings produced to meet the present housing needs of people without conceding the ability of the future generation to meet their future needs. However, a significant increase in the cost of building materials has been a major constraint to the delivery of sustainable housings, as made evident in the literature, leading to project cost and time overruns or even project abandonment. However, building materials consume up to 65% of the total cost of construction. This factor on cost has, over the years, threatened the ability of the construction industry to deliver projects within budgeted cost, at stipulated time, and at satisfactory quality. This prompted the need to proffer solutions to these factors identified which are causing increases in the cost of building materials towards sustainable housing delivery in Western Cape. Based on this research study, housing is termed to be sustainable when it is available and affordable for the masses timely and at quality expected. The research study adopted a mixed methodological approach, involving the use of semi-structured qualitative interviews and closed-ended quantitative questionnaires administered to construction stakeholders (architects, quantity surveyors, engineers, construction managers, project managers, site supervisors and material suppliers) in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. SPSS version 24 software was used for analysing the quantitative data collected and ‘content analysis’ method was used to analyse the information collected through the qualitative interviews. The findings revealed that the major factors responsible for increasing the cost of building materials are inflation, wastages of building materials by labourers, cost of transportation and distribution of labour, design changes, client contribution to design change and change in government policies and regulation. Moreover, the research showed that fluctuation in the cost of construction and high maintenance costs due to poor workmanship also impact the cost increase of building materials for housing delivery. In addition, research findings affirmed that for optimum materials usage for the enhancement of sustainable construction, the following criteria should be considered in the selection of building materials: maintenance cost, energy consumption and maintainability. The adoption of these findings by construction stakeholders in the South African construction industry would enhance the delivery of affordable housing at reduced cost, at the required time and at the expected quality. Therefore, an adequate implementation of the framework presented in this study will enhance sustainable housing delivery.

Echols, Stuart Patton. "Split-flow Stormwater Management Strategy Design Feasibility and Cost Comparison". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29776.

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This dissertation develops a new distributed split-flow stormwater management strategy and compares its site design feasibility and construction cost to existing stormwater management methods. The purpose of the split-flow strategy is to manage stormwater by preserving predevelopment flows in terms of rate, quality, frequency, duration and volume. This strategy emulates the predevelopment hydrology: it retains and infiltrates additional runoff volume created by development by using bioretention and paired weirs as proportional flow splitters connected to small infiltration facilities distributed throughout a site. Results show that 1) the distributed split-flow stormwater management strategy can provide a higher level of environmental protection at comparable construction cost to existing detention-based methods, 2) split-flow systems are less expensive to construct than current truncated hydrograph-based bioretention and infiltration systems and 3) non-point source water pollution-reduction objectives, currently achieved with either detention with first flush or comparable bioretention and infiltration systems, could be achieved in a more cost-effective manner using distributed split-flow stormwater management strategy.
Ph. D.

Cole, Rebecca J. "Ecological and socioeconomic aspects of restoring forest in a tropical agricultural landscape, southern Cost Rica /". Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Gregg, Tamara. "Predator-prey ecological and evolutionary dynamics: The cost of a counter-defense drives the evolutionary outcome". Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103650.

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In this thesis I explore the co-evolutionary dynamics of defences and counter-defences in a predator-prey interaction. I hypothesize that the cost of defences and counter-defences result in the cycling of these traits under all circumstances: directional selection alternate between increasing and decreasing trait values (defense of the prey and counter-defense of the predator). Using Taricha granulosa and Thamnophis sirtalis as an example of a predator-dangerous prey system, I modeled the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of predator-prey interactions and analyzed the results from equations and simulations. The cost of counter-defence influenced evolutionary dynamics most: high or low values of cost stabilized the evolutionary dynamics to constant phenotypes; intermediate values of cost destabilized the equilibrium causing cycling or diversification. Contrary to what I hypothesized, under most parameter values the predator-prey system does not cycle. My study shows predator-dangerous prey coevolutionary dynamics are always mostly influenced by predator parameters.
Dans cette thèse, j'explore les dynamiques évolutives de défense et contre-défense dans un système de prédateurs et proies. Je fais l'hypothèse que les coûts associés aux traits de défense et contre-défense ont pour conséquence des cycles évolutifs de ces traits dans tous les environnements : la sélection directionnelle fluctue pour augmenter et diminuer les valeurs de traits (défense de la proie et contre-défense du prédateur). En utilisant Taricha granulosa et Thamnophis sirtalis comme exemple de système des prédateurs-proies, j'ai modélisé leur dynamiques écologiques et évolutives et j'ai étudié le système de façon analytique et par des simulations. Le coût des contre-défenses est le facteur le plus important pour déterminer les dynamiques évolutives : des valeurs fortes ou faibles du coût stabilisent les dynamiques évolutives sur des phénotypes constants; des valeurs intermédiaires du coût déstabilisent l'équilibre en engendrant des cycles ou de la diversification. Contrairement à mon hypothèse de départ, le système de prédateurs et proies ne produit pas de cycle évolutif pour la plupart des valeurs de paramètres. Mon étude montre que les interactions entre les prédateurs et les proies dangereuses sont toujours surtout influencées par les paramètres du prédateur.

Krueger, Timothy William. "An Alternative Planting Treatment for Turf Open Spaces in Conservation Subdivisions". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31925.

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As conservation subdivisions increase in popularity, large tracts of community open spaces are being created. The typical landscape treatment is usually reminiscent of the English Landscape School: acres of turf providing little wildlife habitat or environmental benefits. Many homeowners are sold on the idea of great expanses of turf similar to a golf course. The open spaces are generally left to the homeowners association to maintain. In some cases it is donated to local municipalities. Maintenance is often expensive and places a burden on local governments. This study will show that creating more sustainable open spaces can correct this problem. This can be accomplished through the use of an ecologically based planting design. The following thesis project focuses on an alternative landscape planting treatment for these large open spaces, a treatment that has a significant cost savings and offers a different experience.
Master of Landscape Architecture

暁輝, 王. "On the improvement of ecological compensation in Tibet, China : approaches of social cost internalization and ecosystem services valuation". Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB10271469/?lang=0, 2008. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB10271469/?lang=0.

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Demaria, Federico. "Social metabolism, cost-shifting and conflicts. The struggles and services of informal waste recyclers in India". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405364.

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La presente tesis contribuye a la comprensión del metabolismo social. Específicamente, analiza el rol de los residuos en el metabolismo. Primero, reflexiona sobre la relación existente entre el metabolismo social y los conflictos ambientales, examinando cómo diferentes estructuras metabólicas condicionan las dinámicas del conflicto; todo ello desde la perspectiva de la ecología política situada en el espacio y el tiempo. En segundo lugar, se investiga una parte olvidada, pero muy importante del metabolismo social que es el reciclaje informal de residuos. Para ello, se evalúa la contribución del reciclaje informal e investigo cómo el poder influye en las relaciones de la producción (o reciclado) de residuos, y cómo éstas desplazan los costos de la producción a los recicladores informales. Por último, se reconoce la importancia de los recicladores informales al contribuir en hacer más circular el metabolismo social; por lo que se propone que se indemnicen debidamente los servicios que prestan los recicladores a la sociedad, en lugar de que se les desposea de sus medios de producción, y se les traspasen los costos sociales de las empresas y los consumidores. Mis casos de estudio presentan una serie de experiencias empíricas, en la India especialmente, que ilustran cómo el medio ambiente se moldea, politiza y disputa.
This thesis contributes to our understanding of social metabolism, and more precisely waste in social metabolism. First, I shed light in particular on the relationship between social metabolism and conflict, looking from a situated political ecology perspective, at how differences in the structure and nature of particular social metabolisms create different conflict dynamics. Second, I look at an often forgotten but very important part of social metabolism which is the informal recycling of waste. I evaluate the contribution of informal recycling, and I investigate how power influences the social relations of production (or recycling), and how these shift costs to informal recyclers. Then, I make a case for the recognition of the important contribution of informal recyclers in making social metabolism more circular, and I call for due compensation of the services they provide, instead of a dispossession from their means of production, and a shifting of social costs of enterprises and consumers to them. My case studies present a range of experiences, mostly in India, to inform theory on how environments are shaped, politicized and contested.

Griffin, Caroline. "The ecological and economic analysis of beach management strategies in Scotland". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26025.

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Coastlines are particularly susceptible to the necessary trade-offs which occur between different ecosystem services. Should the areas be managed for biodiversity or for people? Where sandy beaches are found there is usually a management decision to be made between managing for recreation or for biodiversity. Many popular tourist beaches (particularly those with a Beach Award) are often groomed with mechanical equipment to remove any stranded seaweed and associated litter which can get entangled in the wrack. This is likely to be having a negative impact on coastal biodiversity, with wide ranging implications for the entire habitat, including the intertidal zone, sand dunes and shorebirds. Beached wrack should be allowed to naturally decompose providing a habitat for numerous species of macro-invertebrates. These macro-invertebrate communities not only include many endemic species found exclusively along the strandline but they also provide a very rich source of food for shorebirds. The re-mineralised nutrients resulting from the decomposed macrophytes should then become available to provide a rich source of nutrients to dune, strandline and marine ecosystems populations of the strandline. In previous studies grooming has been shown to have a negative impact on the invertebrates of the strandline and this study reveals that tidal range has an effect on the impacts of grooming with a higher tidal range having a more negative impact on the invertebrates. A study to observe the impacts of grooming on both adult plant and seed bank communities of the sand dunes found that grooming is having a negative impact on these populations. Grooming is predominantly driven by beach managers who aspire to gain Beach Awards in order to attract tourists to their beaches. Using non-market valuation in the form of a stated preference choice experiment and a travel cost model, it was observed that Beach Awards are not valued by beach goers but are instead influenced to visit a particular beach by good bathing water quality, high levels of biodiversity and low levels of litter. It was also shown that stranded seaweed on the beach does not deter visitors. Future management suggestions include attempting to reduce the confusion arising from the presence of multiple beach awards by either removing them altogether or by making their criteria more clear and direct with consistency in their design and designation. Bathing water quality should be completely removed from the Beach Award system and real-time information in the form of electronic signage and a publicly available App should replace it.

Alba, Menendez Annia. "Comparative biology of susceptible and naturally- resistant Pseudosuccinea columella snails to Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda) infection in Cuba : ecological, molecular and phenotypical aspects". Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0055/document.

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Pseudosuccinea columella est un des principaux hôtes intermédiaires de Fasciola hepatica, un trématode cosmopolite infectant l’Homme et les animaux domestiques et sauvages, et transmis par des mollusques d’eau douce. L’existence exclusive à Cuba de populations de P. columella qui sont sensibles et naturellement résistantes (encapsulation hémocytaire du parasite) à l’infection par F. hepatica offre un modèle Mollusque-Trématode très intéressant en termes de biologie évolutive, de santé humaine et de stratégies de contrôle vectorielle. L’étude des aspects écologiques, moléculaires et phénotypiques est essentielle pour comprendre les particularités de ce système. Ainsi, nos résultats ont montré que les mollusques sensibles et résistants partagent des exigences écologiques similaires mais chez les résistants la distribution est limitée aux localités avec des eaux acides et peu dures (pH/dureté totale (DT), 6-6.5/4°-10°d) et une richesse des communautés de mollusques très faible, ceci semblant indiquer coût élevé à la résistance. La comparaison de traits d’histoire de vie en laboratoire a permis de confirmer une haute tolérance aux variations de pH/DT de l’eau chez les mollusques résistants mais a montré également une diminution du potentiel reproductif des souches résistantes par rapport aux sensibles. Sur la base de ces observations, des approches «omiques» comparatives ont été entreprises entre souches sensibles et résistantes. Ce travail de thèse nous a aidé à comprendre les particularités de ce modèle hôte-parasite, mais présente également une avancée en termes d’utilisation de la résistance de P. columella à des fins de contrôle de la transmission parasitaire
Pseudosuccinea columella is one of the main intermediate hosts of Fasciola hepatica, a cosmopolitan snail-borne trematode that affects humans, livestock and wildlife. The occurrence in Cuba of susceptible and naturally-resistant populations of this species to F. hepatica infection (host’s hemocytes encapsulate the parasite upon penetration) offers an interesting Mollusca - Trematoda model with applications on evolutionary biology, health sciences and vector control strategies. Thus, here we explored different ecological, molecular and phenotypical aspects of this system to better understand P. columella resistance. We determined that while susceptible and resistant snails share similar ecological requirements, resistant populations occurred only at low pH (6.5-6.5) and total hardness (TH; 4°-10°d) waters, with low snail species richness, suggesting a high ecological cost of resistance. Comparison of life history traits between susceptible and resistant snails, experimentally-reared at low or common pH/TH conditions, showed that resistant populations display higher tolerance to pH/TH variations and a lower reproductive potential. To gain more insights on the molecular bases of the features associated to resistance in P. columella, we performed comparative “omics” approaches on naïve snails from both phenotypes at whole snail level (RNAseq) and at the albumen gland level (2D-electrophoresis). This thesis presents the latest efforts to broadly characterize this model, which constitute building steps for the comprehension of P. columella resistance and for its application to tackle parasite transmission

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Książki na temat "Ecological cost":

K, Puttaswamaiah, red. Cost-benefit analysis: Environmental and ecological perspectives. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 2002.

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R, Margules C., Austin M. P i CSIRO (Australia), red. Nature conservation: Cost effective biological surveys and data analysis. [Canberra]: CSIRO Australia, 1991.

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Smith, Art. Today's dream home: Practical, cost-effective, and eco-responsible homebuilding. Cincinnati, Ohio: Betterway Books, 2008.

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Limited, Boojum Research. Ecological engineering for close-out: Proposal and cost estimate for 1992. Toronto, Ont: Boojum Research, 1991.

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Smith, Art. Building today's green home: Practical, cost-effective and eco-responsible homebuilding. Cincinnati, Ohio: Betterway Home, 2009.

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González-Cabán, Armando. Measuring the economic benefit of maintaining the ecological integrity of the Rio Mameyes in Puerto Rico. Albany, Calif: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1999.

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John, Loomis, i Pacific Southwest Research Station, red. Measuring the economic benefit of maintaining the ecological integrity of the Rio Mameyes in Puerto Rico. Albany, Calif: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1999.

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Robins, Nicholas A. Mercury, mining, and empire: The human and ecological cost of colonial silver mining in the Andes. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2011.

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Części książek na temat "Ecological cost":

Xiaowei, Gu, i Xu Kuangdi. "Mine Ecological Cost". W The ECPH Encyclopedia of Mining and Metallurgy, 1–2. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0740-1_138-1.

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Hu, Guangyu. "Cost of China’s Ecological Environment". W The Cost of Development in China, 453–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4175-4_29.

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Bertsch, A. "Flowers as Food Sources and the Cost of Outcrossing". W Ecological Studies, 277–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71630-0_13.

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Valero, Antonio, Sergio Usón, César Torres i Wojciech Stanek. "Theory of Exergy Cost and Thermo-ecological Cost". W Thermodynamics for Sustainable Management of Natural Resources, 167–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48649-9_7.

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Nesticò, Antonio, i Gabriella Maselli. "Cost-Benefit Analysis and Ecological Discounting". W New Metropolitan Perspectives, 440–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48279-4_42.

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Venus, Terese E., Nicole Smialek, Ana Adeva-Bustos, Joachim Pander i Juergen Geist. "Costs of Ecological Mitigation at Hydropower Plants". W Novel Developments for Sustainable Hydropower, 13–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99138-8_2.

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AbstractAlthough the costs of fish-related mitigation measures can play an important role in the adoption of mitigation measures, there is relatively little information about this aspect. This chapter presents an overview of the range of costs for different mitigation measures and compares their magnitudes. As many mitigation measures are adopted in combination, one of the challenges related to cost analysis is the lack of disaggregated cost data. Thus, this chapter also reviews costs of adopting combined mitigation measures such as morphological changes and environmental flow. In turn, case studies demonstrate how to compare costs if multiple types of mitigation measures are adopted.

Parsons, P. A. "Extreme Environmental Stress: Asymmetry, Metabolic Cost and Conservation". W Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics of Drosophila, 75–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8768-8_6.

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Bateman, I. J., R. K. Turner, R. J. T. Klein i I. H. Langford. "The Application of the Cost Benefit Method to Sea Defence and Coastal Protection Management in England". W Studies in Ecological Economics, 113–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9755-5_5.

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Nisbet, Thomas R., Maria-Beatrice Andreucci, Rik De Vreese, Lars Högbom, Sonja Kay, Mary Kelly-Quinn, Alessandro Leonardi i in. "Forest Green Infrastructure to Protect Water Quality: A Step-by-Step Guide for Payment Schemes". W Ecological Research Monographs, 105–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6791-6_8.

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AbstractThis chapter describes how to design appropriate and cost-effective forest green infrastructure for water payment schemes to protect and improve water quality. It is structured by the main steps involved in establishing a payment scheme, starting with identifying the water issues and how tree planting and forest management can help, managing potential disbenefits and exploring multiple benefits, followed by scheme design, monitoring and communication. The approach is relevant to all actors involved in sustainable water management, farming and forestry, from policy makers, catchment planners and land managers to private investors, practitioners and local communities. We provide a common language and framework to help ensure schemes are successful in delivering water and other ecosystem services while minimising possible trade-offs (such as the potential for tree planting to reduce water resources).

Rodríguez-Palacio, Mónica, Cruz Lozano-Ramírez i Sergio H. Alvarez-Hernández. "HABs (Harmful Algal Blooms) Analysis, Their Cost, and Ecological Consequences". W Mexican Aquatic Environments, 219–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11126-7_10.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Ecological cost":

Joe, Christopher, i Mohamed Moustafa. "Cost and Ecological Feasibility of Using UHPC in Bridge Piers". W First International Interactive Symposium on UHPC. Ames, Iowa, USA: Iowa State University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21838/uhpc.2016.103.

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"Research of Enterprise Environmental Cost Control based on Ecological Economics". W 2018 International Conference on Economics, Finance, Business, and Development. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icefbd.18.038.

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Wiboonrat, Montri. "Life cycle cost analysis of data center project". W 2014 Ninth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ever.2014.6844139.

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Wang, Fengzhou, i Meifang Zha. "Research on Strategic Control of Green Cost Based on Ecological Economy". W 2018 7th International Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (ICEESD 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceesd-18.2018.70.

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Rentao Wu, G. Tsagarakis, A. J. Collin i A. E. Kiprakis. "EV charging scheduling for cost and greenhouse gases emissions minimization". W 2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ever.2017.7935877.

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Passarini, K. C., F. A. Calarge, T. M. F. Brito, R. M. Vanalle, E. B. Tambourgi i J. C. Santana. "Ecological cost accounting applied to the sewage reuse by membrane separation process". W 2011 IEEE International Conference on Quality and Reliability (ICQR). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icqr.2011.6031757.

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Barngrover, Christopher, Ryan Kastner, Thomas Denewiler i Greg Mills. "The stingray AUV: A small and cost-effective solution for ecological monitoring". W OCEANS 2011. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/oceans.2011.6107153.

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Vanhaverbeke, Lieselot, Dries Schreurs, Quentin De Clerck, Maarten Messagie i Joeri Van Mierlo. "Total cost of ownership of electric vehicles incorporating Vehicle to Grid technology". W 2017 Twelfth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ever.2017.7935931.

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Bouabana, Abdoulkarim, i Constantinos Sourkounis. "Analysis of low-cost current sensors in the area of power engineering". W 2014 Ninth International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ever.2014.6844101.

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Kazem, H. A., A. A. Alkurwi, Majid Mohmmed Alabdul Salam i A. H. A. Alwaeli. "Levelized electricity cost for photovoltaic system in Sohar-Oman". W 2013 Eighth International Conference and Exhibition on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ever.2013.6521534.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Ecological cost":

Pruitt, Bruce, K. Killgore, William Slack i Ramune Matuliauskaite. Formulation of a multi-scale watershed ecological model using a statistical approach. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), listopad 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38862.

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The purpose of this special report is to provide a statistical stepwise process for formulation of ecological models for application at multiple scales using a stream condition index (SCI). Given the global variability of aquatic ecosystems, this guidance is for broad application and may require modification to suit specific watersheds or stream reaches. However, the general statistical treatise provided herein applies across physiographies and at multiple scales. The Duck River Watershed Assessment in Tennessee was used, in part, to develop and test this multiscale, statistical approach; thus, it is considered a case example and referenced throughout this report. The findings of this study can be utilized to (1) prioritize water-sheds for restoration, enhancement, and conservation; (2) plan and conduct site-specific, intensive ecosystem studies; and (3) assess ecosystem outcomes (that is, ecological lift) applicable to future with and without restoration actions including alternative, feasibility, and cost-benefit analyses and adaptive management.

Piercy, Candice, Brandon Boyd, Emily Russ i Kyle Runion. Systematic beneficial use of dredged sediments : matching sediment needs with dredging requirements. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), wrzesień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45443.

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This technical note (TN) will outline a framework to identify beneficial and cost-effective coastal beneficial use of dredged sediment (BUDS) projects. Creation of a BUDS framework that can be applied at scale will promote sustainable BUDS practices, facilitating the delivery of flood risk management, social, and environmental benefits while still fulfilling the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) navigation mission. This proactive forecasting approach uses multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and optimization tools to balance tradeoffs between navigation dredging and BUDS goals over project-scale timespans. The proposed framework utilizes available tools to quantify ecological system evolution and current and future dredging needs to develop a systems-level approach to BUDS. Required data include current and future information on (1) existing and planned natural and created aquatic ecological systems, which may include natural and nature-based features (NNBFs), (2) dredging requirements and costs, and (3) aquatic system physical and environmental data.

Pfisterer, Nathan, i Nathan Beane. Estimating present value cost of invasive Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis) on USACE project lands. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), luty 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46475.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is responsible for stewardship of approximately 12.5 million acres across the United States. USACE’s Environmental Stewardship program mission is to protect, preserve, and restore significant ecological resources on USACE project lands. Since the early 2000s, non-native and invasive Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) has killed hundreds of millions of ash trees in the US, becoming the most destructive and costly invasive forest insect in North America. This research effort estimates the cost of managing EAB damage to USACE projects including treatment, removal, or removal and replacement of dying/dead ash trees. The results suggest potential impact to more than 122,800 USACE project acres in currently infested counties including 181,000 ash trees. While not all damaged trees require removal, many USACE recreation sites have ash trees that pose an increased risk to humans and structures thus requiring removal of EAB infected trees. The widespread and pervasive impacts of EAB will have significant costs associated with removal and replacement of ash trees that could be hazardous to recreational users at the projects. Data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) database, and methods developed by Kovacs et al. (2010) were utilized to calculate yearly present value costs of EAB to USACE projects from 2006-2026. Overall EAB impacts are estimated at $121.6 million across 201 USACE projects evaluated in this study. Increased efforts to limit EAB spread and perform measures of control are warranted to reduce potential cost to USACE.

Ament, Rob, Marcel Huijser i Dana May. Animal Vehicle Collision Reduction and Habitat Connectivity Cost Effective Solutions - Final Report. Nevada Department of Transportation, lipiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/ndot2022.1.4.

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Wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) are a significant component of overall crashes in the US and Canada. Roads and their traffic also create partial or total barriers to the movement of wildlife, both large and small. There are several well-studied proven mitigation measures that significantly reduce WVCs, provide for safe animal passage across roads, and maintain habitat connectivity. Highly effective measures, such as overpasses and underpasses with fencing can reduce large animal WVCs by over 80% – 100% on average; yet these structures can be costly and there is room for improvement in their design, the use of new materials, adding elements that improve their use by smaller animal species, such as reptiles and amphibians and improving their cost effectiveness. This Transportation Pooled Fund Study, TPF-5(358) (TPF Study), allowed researchers to evaluate the latest information on the effectiveness of 24 different highway mitigation measures designed to decrease collisions with large wildlife, large feral and domestic animals. Also reviewed were these same measures’ ability to protect small mammals, reptiles, and amphibians from collisions. The TPF Study also explored the effectiveness of the 24 measures ability to maintain or enhance habitat connectivity. It conducted 11 different research projects that variously explored a) the costs and benefits of animal-vehicle collisions and the mitigation measures that seek to reduce them, b) the ecological effectiveness of various mitigation measures, and 3) new designs for crossing structures for a variety of species. The project developed a manual of best practices and concluded with a final report.

Lasko, Kristofer, i Sean Griffin. Monitoring Ecological Restoration with Imagery Tools (MERIT) : Python-based decision support tools integrated into ArcGIS for satellite and UAS image processing, analysis, and classification. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), kwiecień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40262.

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Monitoring the impacts of ecosystem restoration strategies requires both short-term and long-term land surface monitoring. The combined use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and satellite imagery enable effective landscape and natural resource management. However, processing, analyzing, and creating derivative imagery products can be time consuming, manually intensive, and cost prohibitive. In order to provide fast, accurate, and standardized UAS and satellite imagery processing, we have developed a suite of easy-to-use tools integrated into the graphical user interface (GUI) of ArcMap and ArcGIS Pro as well as open-source solutions using NodeOpenDroneMap. We built the Monitoring Ecological Restoration with Imagery Tools (MERIT) using Python and leveraging third-party libraries and open-source software capabilities typically unavailable within ArcGIS. MERIT will save US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) districts significant time in data acquisition, processing, and analysis by allowing a user to move from image acquisition and preprocessing to a final output for decision-making with one application. Although we designed MERIT for use in wetlands research, many tools have regional or global relevancy for a variety of environmental monitoring initiatives.

Evans, Julie, Kendra Sikes i Jamie Ratchford. Vegetation classification at Lake Mead National Recreation Area, Mojave National Preserve, Castle Mountains National Monument, and Death Valley National Park: Final report (Revised with Cost Estimate). National Park Service, październik 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2279201.

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Vegetation inventory and mapping is a process to document the composition, distribution and abundance of vegetation types across the landscape. The National Park Service’s (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring (I&M) program has determined vegetation inventory and mapping to be an important resource for parks; it is one of 12 baseline inventories of natural resources to be completed for all 270 national parks within the NPS I&M program. The Mojave Desert Network Inventory & Monitoring (MOJN I&M) began its process of vegetation inventory in 2009 for four park units as follows: Lake Mead National Recreation Area (LAKE), Mojave National Preserve (MOJA), Castle Mountains National Monument (CAMO), and Death Valley National Park (DEVA). Mapping is a multi-step and multi-year process involving skills and interactions of several parties, including NPS, with a field ecology team, a classification team, and a mapping team. This process allows for compiling existing vegetation data, collecting new data to fill in gaps, and analyzing the data to develop a classification that then informs the mapping. The final products of this process include a vegetation classification, ecological descriptions and field keys of the vegetation types, and geospatial vegetation maps based on the classification. In this report, we present the narrative and results of the sampling and classification effort. In three other associated reports (Evens et al. 2020a, 2020b, 2020c) are the ecological descriptions and field keys. The resulting products of the vegetation mapping efforts are, or will be, presented in separate reports: mapping at LAKE was completed in 2016, mapping at MOJA and CAMO will be completed in 2020, and mapping at DEVA will occur in 2021. The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) and NatureServe, the classification team, have completed the vegetation classification for these four park units, with field keys and descriptions of the vegetation types developed at the alliance level per the U.S. National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). We have compiled approximately 9,000 existing and new vegetation data records into digital databases in Microsoft Access. The resulting classification and descriptions include approximately 105 alliances and landform types, and over 240 associations. CNPS also has assisted the mapping teams during map reconnaissance visits, follow-up on interpreting vegetation patterns, and general support for the geospatial vegetation maps being produced. A variety of alliances and associations occur in the four park units. Per park, the classification represents approximately 50 alliances at LAKE, 65 at MOJA and CAMO, and 85 at DEVA. Several riparian alliances or associations that are somewhat rare (ranked globally as G3) include shrublands of Pluchea sericea, meadow associations with Distichlis spicata and Juncus cooperi, and woodland associations of Salix laevigata and Prosopis pubescens along playas, streams, and springs. Other rare to somewhat rare types (G2 to G3) include shrubland stands with Eriogonum heermannii, Buddleja utahensis, Mortonia utahensis, and Salvia funerea on rocky calcareous slopes that occur sporadically in LAKE to MOJA and DEVA. Types that are globally rare (G1) include the associations of Swallenia alexandrae on sand dunes and Hecastocleis shockleyi on rocky calcareous slopes in DEVA. Two USNVC vegetation groups hold the highest number of alliances: 1) Warm Semi-Desert Shrub & Herb Dry Wash & Colluvial Slope Group (G541) has nine alliances, and 2) Mojave Mid-Elevation Mixed Desert Scrub Group (G296) has thirteen alliances. These two groups contribute significantly to the diversity of vegetation along alluvial washes and mid-elevation transition zones.

Borchert, Mark, Daniel Segotta i Michael D. Purser. Coast redwood ecological types of southern Monterey County, California. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-107.

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Price, Roz. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) – What are They and What are the Barriers and Enablers to Their Use? Institute of Development Studies (IDS), maj 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.098.

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This rapid review examines literature around Nature-based Solutions (NbS), what are NbS, the pros and cons of NbS, design and implementation issues (including governance, indigenous knowledge), finance and the enabling environment. The breadth of NbS and the evidence base means that this rapid review only provides a snapshot of the information available, and therefore does not consider all types of NbS, nor all sectors that they have been used in. Considering this limited scope, this report highlights many issues, some of which are that Covid-19 has highlighted the importance of NbS, Pros of NbS include the low cost compared to infrastructure alternatives; the flexibility in addressing multiple climate challenges; potential co-benefits such as better water quality, improved health, cultural benefits, biodiversity conservation. The literature also notes the cons of NbS including slow adaptation or co-benefits, very context specific making effectiveness difficult to measure and many of the benefits are non-monetary and hard to measure. The literature consulted suggest a number of knowledge gaps in the evidence base for NbS effectiveness including lack of: robust and impartial assessments of current NbS experiences; site specific knowledge of field deployment of NbS; timescales over which benefits are seen and experienced; cost-effectiveness of interventions compared to or in conjunction with alternative solutions; and integrated assessments considering broader social and ecological outcomes

Banerjee, Onil, Martin Cicowiez, Marcia Macedo, Žiga Malek, Peter H. Verburg, Sean Goodwin, Renato Vargas i in. An Amazon Tipping Point: The Economic and Environmental Fallout. Inter-American Development Bank, lipiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003385.

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The Amazon biome, despite its resilience, is being pushed by unsustainable economic drivers towards an ecological tipping point where restoration to its previous state may no longer possible. This is the result of self-reinforcing interactions between deforestation, climate change and fire. In this paper, we develop scenarios that represent movement towards an Amazon tipping point and strategies to avert one. We assess the economic, natural capital and ecosystem services impacts of these scenarios using the Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform linked with high resolution spatial land use land cover change and ecosystem services modeling (IEEMESM). This papers main contributions are developing: (i) a framework for evaluating strategies to avert an Amazon tipping point based on their relative costs, benefits and trade-offs, and; (ii) a first approximation of the economic, natural capital and ecosystem services impacts of movement towards an Amazon tipping point, and evidence to build the economic case for strategies to avert it. We find that a conservative estimate of the cumulative regional cost through 2050 of an Amazon tipping point would be US$256.6 billion in Gross Domestic Product. Policies that would contribute to averting a tipping point, including strongly reducing deforestation, investing in climate-adapted agriculture, and improving fire management, would generate approximately US$339.3 billion in additional wealth. From a public investment perspective, the returns to implementing strategies for averting a tipping point would be US$29.5 billion. Quantifying the costs, benefits and trade-offs of policies to avert a tipping point in a transparent and replicable manner can pave the way for evidence-based approaches to support policy action focusing on the design of regional strategies for the Amazon biome and catalyze global cooperation and financing to enable their implementation.

Altman, Safra, R. Harris, S. McKay, Michael Kjelland i Todd Swannack. Oyster reef connectivity : ecological benefits and associated vulnerabilities. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45020.

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Global oyster abundance has declined ~85 % over the past 200 years, primarily because of overharvesting (Beck, Brumbaugh, and Airoldi 2011; Kirby 2004). Healthy oyster reef systems benefit the environment in many ways, including water-quality improvement, shoreline protection, increased biological and habitat diversity, and carbon sequestration. To maintain these environmental benefits, reef-restoration efforts that produce healthy, sustainable oyster reefs are essential. To this end, the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) has been involved in reef-restoration projects in many locations, including extensive efforts in the Chesapeake Bay (Virginia, Maryland), coastal regions of New York and New Jersey, and the Gulf of Mexico. There are many benefits to creating and maintaining oyster reef systems that are well connected, for both oysters and other organisms within the reef and surrounding habitats. This technical note presents the current knowledge of benefits and costs to restore oyster-reef connectivity along the East and Gulf Coasts of North America. Connectivity of oyster reefs can refer to the physical location of reefs with respect to one another as well as to the dynamics of the genetic links within a metapopulation or to the extent to which larval transport and recruitment unite reef communities. For the purposes of this technical note, connectivity is defined as the spatial aggregation of reefs, though we address impacts of genetic and larval flow as well. Reef connectivity positively affects many ecosystem services and dynamics but can also have unintended consequences (that is, negative externalities). This technical note reviews the benefits and costs of increasing connectivity and presents a brief example of how trade-offs may occur between these potentially opposing ecological objectives. Here, we focus on the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, which inhabits the East and Gulf Coasts of North America, though many of the concepts and principles discussed may apply to other oyster species as well.